Common Name: ANTIMONY TRIBROMIDE

CAS Number: 7789-61-9 RTK Substance number: 0146 DOT Number: NA 1549 Date: January 1987 Revised: October 2000 ------

HAZARD SUMMARY * Antimony Tribromide can affect you when breathed in * Exposure to hazardous substances should be routinely and by passing through your skin. evaluated. This may include collecting personal and area * Antimony Tribromide is a CORROSIVE CHEMICAL air samples. You can obtain copies of sampling results and contact can severely irritate and burn the skin and eyes from your employer. You have a legal right to this with possible eye damage. information under OSHA 1910.1020. * Breathing Antimony Tribromide can irritate the nose and * If you think you are experiencing any work-related health throat. problems, see a doctor trained to recognize occupational * Breathing Antimony Tribromide can irritate the lungs diseases. Take this Fact Sheet with you. causing coughing and/or shortness of breath. Higher exposures can cause a build-up of fluid in the lungs WORKPLACE EXPOSURE LIMITS (pulmonary edema), a medical emergency, with severe The following exposure limits are for Antimony: shortness of breath. * Antimony Tribromide can cause headache, nausea, OSHA: The legal airborne permissible exposure limit vomiting, abdominal pain and loss of sleep. (PEL) is 0.5 mg/m3 averaged over an 8-hour * Prolonged or repeated contact can cause ulcers or sores in workshift. the nose. * High or repeated exposure may damage the liver and heart, NIOSH: The recommended airborne exposure limit is and may cause anemia. 0.5 mg/m3 averaged over a 10-hour workshift.

IDENTIFICATION ACGIH: The recommended airborne exposure limit is Antimony Tribromide is a yellow crystalline (sand-like) 0.5 mg/m3 averaged over an 8-hour workshift. material. It is used to make Antimony salts, in dyeing, and in analytical chemistry. * The above exposure limits are for air levels only. When skin contact also occurs, you may be overexposed, even REASON FOR CITATION though air levels are less than the limits listed above. * Antimony Tribromide is on the Hazardous Substance List because it is regulated by OSHA and cited by WAYS OF REDUCING EXPOSURE ACGIH, DOT, NIOSH, DEP and EPA. * Where possible, enclose operations and use local exhaust * This chemical is on the Special Health Hazard Substance ventilation at the site of chemical release. If local exhaust List because it is CORROSIVE. ventilation or enclosure is not used, respirators should be * Definitions are provided on page 5. worn. * Wear protective work clothing. HOW TO DETERMINE IF YOU ARE BEING * Wash thoroughly immediately after exposure to Antimony EXPOSED Tribromide and at the end of the workshift. The New Jersey Right to Know Act requires most employers * Post hazard and warning information in the work area. In to label chemicals in the workplace and requires public addition, as part of an ongoing education and training employers to provide their employees with information and effort, communicate all information on the health and training concerning chemical hazards and controls. The safety hazards of Antimony Tribromide to potentially federal OSHA Hazard Communication Standard, 1910.1200, exposed workers. requires private employers to provide similar training and information to their employees.

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This Fact Sheet is a summary source of information of all If symptoms develop or overexposure is suspected, the potential and most severe health hazards that may result from following are recommended: exposure. Duration of exposure, concentration of the substance and other factors will affect your susceptibility to * EKG. any of the potential effects described below. * Liver function tests. ------* Consider chest x-ray after acute overexposure. * Complete blood count. HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION Any evaluation should include a careful history of past and Acute Health Effects present symptoms with an exam. Medical tests that look for The following acute (short-term) health effects may occur damage already done are not a substitute for controlling immediately or shortly after exposure to Antimony exposure. Tribromide: Request copies of your medical testing. You have a legal * Contact can severely irritate and burn the skin and eyes right to this information under OSHA 1910.1020. with possible eye damage. * Breathing Antimony Tribromide can irritate the nose and Mixed Exposures throat. * Because smoking can cause heart disease, as well as lung * Breathing Antimony Tribromide can irritate the lungs cancer, emphysema, and other respiratory problems, it may causing coughing and/or shortness of breath. Higher worsen respiratory conditions caused by chemical exposures can cause a build-up of fluid in the lungs exposure. Even if you have smoked for a long time, (pulmonary edema), a medical emergency, with severe stopping now will reduce your risk of developing health shortness of breath. problems. * Antimony Tribromide can cause headache, nausea, * Because more than light alcohol consumption can cause vomiting, abdominal pain and loss of sleep. liver damage, drinking alcohol can increase the liver damage caused by Antimony Tribromide. Chronic Health Effects The following chronic (long-term) health effects can occur at WORKPLACE CONTROLS AND PRACTICES some time after exposure to Antimony Tribromide and can last for months or years: Unless a less toxic chemical can be substituted for a hazardous substance, ENGINEERING CONTROLS are the most Cancer Hazard effective way of reducing exposure. The best protection is to * According to the information presently available to the enclose operations and/or provide local exhaust ventilation at New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services, the site of chemical release. Isolating operations can also Antimony Tribromide has not been tested for its ability reduce exposure. Using respirators or protective equipment is to cause cancer in animals. less effective than the controls mentioned above, but is sometimes necessary. Reproductive Hazard * According to the information presently available to the In evaluating the controls present in your workplace, consider: New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services, (1) how hazardous the substance is, (2) how much of the Antimony Tribromide has not been tested for its ability substance is released into the workplace and (3) whether to affect reproduction. harmful skin or eye contact could occur. Special controls should be in place for highly toxic chemicals or when Other Long-Term Effects significant skin, eye, or breathing exposures are possible. * Prolonged or repeated contact can cause ulcers or sores in the nose. In addition, the following control is recommended: * High or repeated exposure may damage the liver and heart, and may cause anemia. * Where possible, automatically transfer Antimony * Antimony Tribromide can irritate the lungs. Repeated Tribromide from drums or other storage containers to exposure may cause bronchitis to develop with cough, process containers. phlegm, and/or shortness of breath. Good WORK PRACTICES can help to reduce hazardous MEDICAL exposures. The following work practices are recommended:

Medical Testing * Workers whose clothing has been contaminated by For those with frequent or potentially high exposure (half the Antimony Tribromide should change into clean clothing TLV or greater), the following is recommended before promptly. beginning work and at regular times after that: * Do not take contaminated work clothes home. Family members could be exposed. * Urine test for Antimony. ANTIMONY TRIBROMIDE page 3 of 6

* Contaminated work clothes should be laundered by * NIOSH has established new testing and certification individuals who have been informed of the hazards of requirements for negative pressure, air purifying, exposure to Antimony Tribromide. particulate filter and filtering facepiece respirators. The * Eye wash fountains should be provided in the immediate filter classifications of dust/mist/fume, paint spray or work area for emergency use. pesticide prefilters, and filters for radon daughters, have * If there is the possibility of skin exposure, emergency been replaced with the N, R, and P series. Each series has shower facilities should be provided. three levels of filtering efficiency: 95%, 99%, and 99.9%. * On skin contact with Antimony Tribromide, immediately Check with your safety equipment supplier or your wash or shower to remove the chemical. At the end of the respirator manufacturer to determine which respirator is workshift, wash any areas of the body that may have appropriate for your facility. contacted Antimony Tribromide, whether or not known * If while wearing a filter or cartridge respirator you can skin contact has occurred. smell, taste, or otherwise detect Antimony Tribromide, * Do not eat, smoke, or drink where Antimony Tribromide or if while wearing particulate filters abnormal resistance is handled, processed, or stored, since the chemical can be to breathing is experienced, or eye irritation occurs while swallowed. Wash hands carefully before eating, drinking, wearing a full facepiece respirator, leave the area smoking, or using the toilet. immediately. Check to make sure the respirator-to-face * Use a vacuum to reduce dust during clean-up. DO NOT seal is still good. If it is, replace the filter or cartridge. If DRY SWEEP. the seal is no longer good, you may need a new respirator. * Be sure to consider all potential exposures in your PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT workplace. You may need a combination of filters, prefilters or cartridges to protect against different forms of WORKPLACE CONTROLS ARE BETTER THAN a chemical (such as vapor and mist) or against a mixture of PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT. However, for chemicals. some jobs (such as outside work, confined space entry, jobs * Where the potential for high exposure exists, use a done only once in a while, or jobs done while workplace MSHA/NIOSH approved supplied-air respirator with a full controls are being installed), personal protective equipment facepiece operated in a pressure-demand or other positive- may be appropriate. pressure mode. For increased protection use in combination with an auxiliary self-contained breathing OSHA 1910.132 requires employers to determine the apparatus operated in a pressure-demand or other positive- appropriate personal protective equipment for each hazard and pressure mode. to train employees on how and when to use protective * Exposure to 50 mg/m3 (as Antimony) is immediately equipment. dangerous to life and health. If the possibility of exposure above 50 mg/m3 (as Antimony) exists, use a The following recommendations are only guidelines and may MSHA/NIOSH approved self-contained breathing not apply to every situation. apparatus with a full facepiece operated in a pressure- demand or other positive-pressure mode. Clothing * Avoid skin contact with Antimony Tribromide. Wear HANDLING AND STORAGE protective gloves and clothing. Safety equipment suppliers/ manufacturers can provide recommendations on * Prior to working with Antimony Tribromide you should the most protective glove/clothing material for your be trained on its proper handling and storage. operation. * Antimony Tribromide is decomposed by WATER, * All protective clothing (suits, gloves, footwear, headgear) LIGHT and ALCOHOL to form Hydrogen Bromide gas. should be clean, available each day, and put on before * Antimony Tribromide must be stored to avoid contact work. with SODIUM; POTASSIUM; and STRONG BASES (such as SODIUM HYDROXIDE and POTASSIUM Eye Protection HYDROXIDE) since violent reactions occur. * Wear impact resistant eye protection with side shields or * Antimony Tribromide is not compatible with goggles. OXIDIZING AGENTS (such as PERCHLORATES, * Wear a face shield along with goggles when working with PEROXIDES, PERMANGANATES, CHLORATES, corrosive, highly irritating or toxic substances. NITRATES, CHLORINE, BROMINE and FLUORINE); STRONG ACIDS (such as HYDROCHLORIC, Respiratory Protection SULFURIC and NITRIC); and HALOGENATED ACIDS. IMPROPER USE OF RESPIRATORS IS DANGEROUS. * Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, dry, well- Such equipment should only be used if the employer has a ventilated area. written program that takes into account workplace conditions, requirements for worker training, respirator fit testing and medical exams, as described in OSHA 1910.134.

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QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ------The following information is available from:

Q: If I have acute health effects, will I later get chronic New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services health effects? Occupational Health Service A: Not always. Most chronic (long-term) effects result from repeated exposures to a chemical. PO Box 360 Trenton, NJ 08625-0360 Q: Can I get long-term effects without ever having short- (609) 984-1863 term effects? (609) 292-5677 (fax) A: Yes, because long-term effects can occur from repeated exposures to a chemical at levels not high enough to Web address: http://www.state.nj.us/health/eoh/odisweb/ make you immediately sick. Industrial Hygiene Information Q: What are my chances of getting sick when I have been Industrial hygienists are available to answer your questions exposed to chemicals? regarding the control of chemical exposures using exhaust A: The likelihood of becoming sick from chemicals is ventilation, special work practices, good housekeeping, good increased as the amount of exposure increases. This is hygiene practices, and personal protective equipment determined by the length of time and the amount of including respirators. In addition, they can help to interpret material to which someone is exposed. the results of industrial hygiene survey data.

Q: When are higher exposures more likely? Medical Evaluation A: Conditions which increase risk of exposure include dust If you think you are becoming sick because of exposure to releasing operations (grinding, mixing, blasting, chemicals at your workplace, you may call personnel at the dumping, etc.), other physical and mechanical processes Department of Health and Senior Services, Occupational (heating, pouring, spraying, spills and evaporation from Health Service, who can help you find the information you large surface areas such as open containers), and need. "confined space" exposures (working inside vats, reactors, boilers, small rooms, etc.). Public Presentations Presentations and educational programs on occupational Q: Is the risk of getting sick higher for workers than for health or the Right to Know Act can be organized for labor community residents? unions, trade associations and other groups. A: Yes. Exposures in the community, except possibly in cases of fires or spills, are usually much lower than those Right to Know Information Resources found in the workplace. However, people in the The Right to Know Infoline (609) 984-2202 can answer community may be exposed to contaminated water as questions about the identity and potential health effects of well as to chemicals in the air over long periods. This chemicals, list of educational materials in occupational health, may be a problem for children or people who are already references used to prepare the Fact Sheets, preparation of the ill. Right to Know survey, education and training programs, labeling requirements, and general information regarding the Right to Know Act. Violations of the law should be reported to (609) 984-2202. ------

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DEFINITIONS

ACGIH is the American Conference of Governmental NAERG is the North American Emergency Response Industrial Hygienists. It recommends upper limits (called Guidebook. It was jointly developed by Transport Canada, TLVs) for exposure to workplace chemicals. the United States Department of Transportation and the Secretariat of Communications and Transportation of Mexico. A carcinogen is a substance that causes cancer. It is a guide for first responders to quickly identify the specific or generic hazards of material involved in a transportation The CAS number is assigned by the Chemical Abstracts incident, and to protect themselves and the general public Service to identify a specific chemical. during the initial response phase of the incident.

A combustible substance is a solid, liquid or gas that will NCI is the National Cancer Institute, a federal agency that burn. determines the cancer-causing potential of chemicals.

A corrosive substance is a gas, liquid or solid that causes NFPA is the National Fire Protection Association. It irreversible damage to human tissue or containers. classifies substances according to their fire and explosion hazard. DEP is the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection. NIOSH is the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. It tests equipment, evaluates and approves respirators, DOT is the Department of Transportation, the federal agency conducts studies of workplace hazards, and proposes that regulates the transportation of chemicals. standards to OSHA.

EPA is the Environmental Protection Agency, the federal NTP is the National Toxicology Program which tests agency responsible for regulating environmental hazards. chemicals and reviews evidence for cancer.

A fetus is an unborn human or animal. OSHA is the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, which adopts and enforces health and safety standards. A flammable substance is a solid, liquid, vapor or gas that will ignite easily and burn rapidly. PEOSHA is the Public Employees Occupational Safety and Health Act, a state law which sets PELs for New Jersey public The flash point is the temperature at which a liquid or solid employees. gives off vapor that can form a flammable mixture with air. PIH is a DOT designation for chemicals which are Poison HHAG is the Human Health Assessment Group of the federal Inhalation Hazards. EPA. ppm means parts of a substance per million parts of air. It is a IARC is the International Agency for Research on Cancer, a measure of concentration by volume in air. scientific group that classifies chemicals according to their cancer-causing potential. A reactive substance is a solid, liquid or gas that releases energy under certain conditions. A miscible substance is a liquid or gas that will evenly dissolve in another. A teratogen is a substance that causes birth defects by damaging the fetus. mg/m3 means milligrams of a chemical in a cubic meter of air. It is a measure of concentration (weight/volume). TLV is the Threshold Limit Value, the workplace exposure limit recommended by ACGIH. MSHA is the Mine Safety and Health Administration, the federal agency that regulates mining. It also evaluates and The vapor pressure is a measure of how readily a liquid or a approves respirators. solid mixes with air at its surface. A higher vapor pressure indicates a higher concentration of the substance in air and A mutagen is a substance that causes mutations. A mutation therefore increases the likelihood of breathing it in. is a change in the genetic material in a body cell. Mutations can lead to birth defects, miscarriages, or cancer.

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Common Name: ANTIMONY TRIBROMIDE HANDLING AND STORAGE (See page 3) DOT Number: NA 1549 NAERG Code: 157 FIRST AID CAS Number: 7789-61-9 In NJ, for POISON INFORMATION call 1-800-764-7661 Hazard rating NJDHSS NFPA Eye Contact FLAMMABILITY Not Found Not Rated * Immediately flush with large amounts of water for at least REACTIVITY Not Found Not Rated 15 minutes, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek CORROSIVE medical attention immediately. DO NOT USE WATER POISONOUS FUMES ARE PRODUCED IN FIRE Skin Contact CONTAINERS MAY EXPLODE IN FIRE * Quickly remove contaminated clothing. Immediately wash area with large amounts of soap and water. Seek medical Hazard Rating Key: 0=minimal; 1=slight; 2=moderate; attention immediately. 3=serious; 4=severe Breathing FIRE HAZARDS * Remove the person from exposure. * Begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions) if * Extinguish fire using an agent suitable for type of breathing has stopped and CPR if heart action has stopped. surrounding fire. Antimony Tribromide itself does not * Transfer promptly to a medical facility. burn. * Medical observation is recommended for 24 to 48 hours * DO NOT USE WATER. after breathing overexposure, as pulmonary edema may be * POISONOUS FUMES ARE PRODUCED IN FIRE, delayed. including Antimony and Bromine gas. * CONTAINERS MAY EXPLODE IN FIRE. PHYSICAL DATA * Use water spray only to keep fire-exposed containers cool. * If employees are expected to fight fires, they must be trained and equipped as stated in OSHA 1910.156. Vapor Pressure: 1 mm Hg at 201oF (93.9oC) Water Solubility: Decomposes SPILLS AND EMERGENCIES OTHER COMMONLY USED NAMES If Antimony Tribromide is spilled, take the following steps: Chemical Name: * Evacuate persons not wearing protective equipment from Stibine, Tribromo- area of spill until clean-up is complete. Other Names: * Collect powdered material in the most convenient and safe Antimonous Bromide manner and deposit in sealed containers. * DO NOT USE WATER OR WET METHOD. ------* Ventilate area after clean-up is complete. Not intended to be copied and sold for commercial * It may be necessary to contain and dispose of Antimony Tribromide as a HAZARDOUS WASTE. Contact your purposes. state Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) or your ------regional office of the federal Environmental Protection NEW JERSEY DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND Agency (EPA) for specific recommendations. SENIOR SERVICES * If employees are required to clean-up spills, they must be Right to Know Program properly trained and equipped. OSHA 1910.120(q) may be PO Box 368, Trenton, NJ 08625-0368 applicable. (609) 984-2202 ------======FOR LARGE SPILLS AND FIRES immediately call your fire department. You can request emergency information from the following:

CHEMTREC: (800) 424-9300 NJDEP HOTLINE: 1-877-WARN-DEP ======