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The Army Post on the Northern Plains, 1865-1885
The Army Post on the Northern Plains, 1865-1885 (Article begins on page 2 below.) This article is copyrighted by History Nebraska (formerly the Nebraska State Historical Society). You may download it for your personal use. For permission to re-use materials, or for photo ordering information, see: https://history.nebraska.gov/publications/re-use-nshs-materials Learn more about Nebraska History (and search articles) here: https://history.nebraska.gov/publications/nebraska-history-magazine History Nebraska members receive four issues of Nebraska History annually: https://history.nebraska.gov/get-involved/membership Full Citation: Ray H. Mattison, “The Army Post on the Northern Plains, 1865-1885,” Nebraska History 35 (1954): 17-43 Article Summary: Frontier garrisons played a significant role in the development of the West even though their military effectiveness has been questioned. The author describes daily life on the posts, which provided protection to the emigrants heading west and kept the roads open. Note: A list of military posts in the Northern Plains follows the article. Cataloging Information: Photographs / Images: map of Army posts in the Northern Plains states, 1860-1895; Fort Laramie c. 1884; Fort Totten, Dakota Territory, c. 1867 THE ARMY POST ON THE NORTHERN PLAINS, 1865-1885 BY RAY H. MATTISON HE opening of the Oregon Trail, together with the dis covery of gold in California and the cession of the TMexican Territory to the United States in 1848, re sulted in a great migration to the trans-Mississippi West. As a result, a new line of military posts was needed to guard the emigrant and supply trains as well as to furnish protection for the Overland Mail and the new settlements.1 The wiping out of Lt. -
The Civil War & the Northern Plains: a Sesquicentennial Observance
Papers of the Forty-Third Annual DAKOTA CONFERENCE A National Conference on the Northern Plains “The Civil War & The Northern Plains: A Sesquicentennial Observance” Augustana College Sioux Falls, South Dakota April 29-30, 2011 Complied by Kristi Thomas and Harry F. Thompson Major funding for the Forty-Third Annual Dakota Conference was provided by Loren and Mavis Amundson CWS Endowment/SFACF, Deadwood Historic Preservation Commission, Tony and Anne Haga, Carol Rae Hansen, Andrew Gilmour and Grace Hansen-Gilmour, Carol M. Mashek, Elaine Nelson McIntosh, Mellon Fund Committee of Augustana College, Rex Myers and Susan Richards, Rollyn H. Samp in Honor of Ardyce Samp, Roger and Shirley Schuller in Honor of Matthew Schuller, Jerry and Gail Simmons, Robert and Sharon Steensma, Blair and Linda Tremere, Richard and Michelle Van Demark, Jamie and Penny Volin, and the Center for Western Studies. The Center for Western Studies Augustana College 2011 TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface ........................................................................................................................................................... v Anderberg, Kat Sailing Across a Sea of Grass: Ecological Restoration and Conservation on the Great Plains ................................................................................................................................................ 1 Anderson, Grant Sons of Dixie Defend Dakota .......................................................................................................... 13 Benson, Bob The -
Letter to Congressional Leaders Transmitting a Report on Funding for Trade and Development Agency Activities with Respect to China January 13, 2001
Administration of William J. Clinton, 2001 / Jan. 16 its agencies or instrumentalities, officers, em- NOTE: An original was not available for ployees, or any other person, or to require any verification of the content of this memorandum, procedures to determine whether a person is which was not received for publication in the Fed- a refugee. eral Register. You are authorized and directed to publish this memorandum in the Federal Register. WILLIAM J. CLINTON Letter to Congressional Leaders Transmitting a Report on Funding for Trade and Development Agency Activities With Respect to China January 13, 2001 Dear Mr. Speaker: (Dear Mr. President:) Development Agency with respect to the Peo- I hereby transmit a report including my rea- ple’s Republic of China. sons for determining, pursuant to the authority Sincerely, vested in me by section 902 of the Foreign WILLIAM J. CLINTON Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1990 and 1991 (Public Law 101–246), that it is in NOTE: Identical letters were sent to J. Dennis the national interest of the United States to Hastert, Speaker of the House of Representatives, terminate the suspension on the obligation of and Albert Gore, Jr., President of the Senate. This funds for any new activities of the Trade and letter was released by the Office of the Press Sec- retary on January 16. Remarks on Presenting the Medal of Honor January 16, 2001 The President. Good morning, and please be So when the Medal of Honor was instituted seated. I would like to first thank Chaplain Gen- during the Civil War, it was agreed it would eral Hicks for his invocation and welcome the be given only for gallantry, at the risk of one’s distinguished delegation from the Pentagon who life above and beyond the call of duty. -
The War with the Sioux: Norwegians Against Indians 1862-1863 Translation of Karl Jakob Skarstein Krigen Mot Siouxene: Nordmenn Mot Indianerne 1862-1863
University of North Dakota UND Scholarly Commons Digital Press Books The Digital Press at the University of North Dakota 2015 The aW r with the Sioux Karl Jakob Skarstein Follow this and additional works at: https://commons.und.edu/press-books Recommended Citation Skarstein, Karl Jakob, "The aW r with the Sioux" (2015). Digital Press Books. 3. https://commons.und.edu/press-books/3 This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the The Digital Press at the University of North Dakota at UND Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Digital Press Books by an authorized administrator of UND Scholarly Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE WAR WITH THE SIOUX: NORWEGIANS AGAINST INDIANS 1862-1863 Translation of Karl Jakob Skarstein Krigen mot siouxene: nordmenn mot indianerne 1862-1863. Copyright © 2015 by The Digital Press at The University of North Dakota Norwegian edition published by Spartacus Forlag AS, Oslo © Spartacus Forlag AS 2008 Published by Agreement with Hagen Agency, Oslo “Translators’ Preface” by Danielle Mead Skjelver; “Historical Introduction” by Richard Rothaus, “Becoming American: A Brief Historiography of Norwegian and Native Interactions” by Melissa Gjellstad, and “The Apple Creek Fight and Killdeer Mountain Conflict Remembered” by Dakota Goodhouse, are available with a CC-By 4.0 license. The translation of this work was funded with generous support from a NORLA: Norwegian Literature Abroad grant. www.norla.no The book is set in Janson Font by Linotype except for Dakota Goodhouse’s contribution which is set in Times New Roman. -
The Journal of Mississippi History
The Journal of Mississippi History Special Civil War Edition Winter 2013 CONTENTS Introduction 1 By Michael B. Ballard Wrong Job, Wrong Place: John C. Pemberton’s Civil War 3 By Michael B. Ballard The Naval War in Mississippi 11 By Gary D. Joiner Ulysses S. Grant and the Strategy of Camaraderie 21 By John F. Marszalek Newt Knight and the Free State of Jones: Myth, Memory, 27 and Imagination By Victoria E. Bynum “How Does It All Sum Up?”: The Significance of the 37 Iuka-Corinth Campaign By Timothy B. Smith From Brice’s Crossroads to Grierson’s Raid: The Struggle 45 for North Mississippi By Stewart Bennett Unionism in Civil War North Mississippi 57 By Thomas D. Cockrell “Successful in an eminent degree”: Sherman’s 1864 71 Meridian Expedition By Jim Woodrick “The Colored Troops Fought Like Tigers”: Black 81 Mississippians in the Union Army, 1863–1866 By Jeff T. Giambrone A Soldier’s Legacy: William T. Rigby and the Establishment 93 of Vicksburg National Military Park By Terrence J. Winschel Contributors 111 COVER IMAGE—Mississippi Monument, Vicksburg National Military Park. Courtesy of the Mississippi Department of Archives and History. The Journal of Mississippi History (ISSN 0022-2771) is published quarterly by the Mis- sissippi Department of Archives and History, 200 North State St., Jackson, MS 39201, in cooperation with the Mississippi Historical Society as a benefit of Mississippi Historical Society membership. Annual memberships begin at $25. Back issues of the Journal sell for $7.50 and up through the Mississippi History Store; call 601-576-6921 to check avail- ability. -
The Battles of Mansfield (Sabine Crossroads) and Pleasant Hill, Louisiana, 8 and 9 April 1864
RICE UNIVERSITY DEAD-END AT THE CROSSROADS: THE BATTLES OF MANSFIELD (SABINE CROSSROADS) AND PLEASANT HILL, LOUISIANA, 8 AND 9 APRIL 1864 by Richard Leslie Riper, Jr. A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS Thesis Director's Signature Houston, Texas May, 1976 Abstract Dead-End at the Crossroads: The Battles of Mansfield (Sabine Cross¬ roads) and Pleasant Hill, Louisiana, 8 and 9 April 1864 Richard Leslie Riper, Jr. On 8 April 1864 a Union army commanded by Major General Nathaniel P. Banks was defeated by a Confederate army commanded by Major General Richard Taylor at the small town of Mansfield, Louisiana. In Union records the engagement was recorded as the battle of Sabine Crossroads, and the defeat signaled the "high-water mark" for the Union advance toward Shreveport. General Banks, after repeated urging by Major General Henry Hal- leck, General-in-Chief of the Union Army, had launched a drive up the Red River through Alexandria and Natchitoches to capture Shreveport, the industrial hub of the Trans-Mississippi Department. From New Or¬ leans and Berwick, Louisiana, and from Vicksburg, Mississippi, the Fédérais converged on Alexandria. From Little Rock, Arkansas, a Union column under Major General Frederick Steele was to join Banks at Shreve¬ port. Three major infantry forces and the Union Navy under Admiral David D. Porter were to participate in the campaign, yet no one was given supreme authority to coordinate the forces. Halleck's orders were for the separate commands only to co-operate with Banks--a clear viola¬ tion of the principle of unity of command. -
Update to the Civil War Sites Advisory Commission Report on the Nation’S Civil War Battlefields
U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service American Battlefield Protection Program Update to the Civil War Sites Advisory Commission Report on the Nation’s Civil War Battlefields State of North Dakota Washington, DC June 2010 Update to the Civil War Sites Advisory Commission Report on the Nation’s Civil War Battlefields State of North Dakota U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service American Battlefield Protection Program Washington, DC June 2010 Authority The American Battlefield Protection Program Act of 1996, as amended by the Civil War Battlefield Preservation Act of 2002 (Public Law 107-359, 111 Stat. 3016, 17 December 2002), directs the Secretary of the Interior to update the Civil War Sites Advisory Commission (CWSAC) Report on the Nation’s Civil War Battlefields. Acknowledgments NPS Project Team Paul Hawke, Project Leader; Kathleen Madigan, Survey Coordinator; Tanya Gossett and January Ruck, Reporting; Matthew Borders, Historian; Kristie Kendall, Program Assistant Battlefield Surveyor(s) Matthew Borders and Kathleen Madigan, American Battlefield Protection Program Respondents Keith Giesler, Whitestone Hill Battlefield Historical Society; Diane Rogness, State Historical Society of North Dakota; Paul Van Ningen, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Long Lake Wetland Management District; and Jeb R. Williams, North Dakota Game and Fish Department Cover: Killdeer Mountain is among North Dakota’s most pristine battlefields, but oil industry interest in sub-surface resources may pose a threat to the historic topography. Exploratory drilling has had negligible impact so far, but any full-scale effort to extract oil from this area will devastate the landscape. Photograph by Matthew Borders, 2008. Table of Contents ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ................................................................................................... -
The Civil War
AND THE CIVIL WAR PENNSYLVANIA CIVIL WAR TRAILS AND AMERICAN HERITAGE ANNOUNCING PENNSYLVANIA'S SALUTE TO THE USCT GRAND REVIEW ME MORY AND COmmEMORATION During the Civil War, Pennsylvania armies that took place in Washington, D.C. proved to be a vital keystone for pre- The African American citizens of Harrisburg made up for that serving the Union. The very first Union egregious affront by organizing their own review of the United volunteers to arrive in Washington to States Colored Troops in the Pennsylvania capital on November defend the nation’s capital came from 14, 1865. It was well-deserved recognition for the service and Pennsylvania, thanks to the efforts of sacrifice of these valiant troops. Gov. Andrew Gregg Curtin. Nearly 150 years later, it remains important that we remember However, some men were not allowed both these men and the twin causes for which they fought: for to fight for their country simply because their country, and for their own status as citizens and free men. of the color of their skin. When black men The events in Harrisburg and throughout Pennsylvania will help were finally allowed to enlist toward the us bring these soldiers out from history’s shadows and honor end of the war, they quickly made up for having been excluded: their willingness to dedicate “the last full measure of devotion” nearly 200,000 black soldiers eventually joined the Union cause. on a journey that led from Civil War to Civil Rights. Yet, after the war ended, these brave men were unfairly denied Sincerely, the opportunity to march in the Grand Review of the Union Edward G. -
The Civil War Diary of Hoosier Samuel P
1 “LIKE CROSSING HELL ON A ROTTEN RAIL—DANGEROUS”: THE CIVIL WAR DIARY OF HOOSIER SAMUEL P. HERRINGTON Edited by Ralph D. Gray Bloomington 2014 2 Sergeant Samuel P. Herrington Indianapolis Star, April 7, 1912 3 CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION 5 CHAPTERS 1. Off to Missouri (August-December 1861) 17 "There was no one rejected." 2. The Pea Ridge Campaign (January-March 15, 1862) 61 "Lord but how we made things hum." 3. Missouri Interlude (March 16-June 1862) 87 "There is a great many sick [and] wounded." 4. Moving Along the Mississippi (July-December 1862) 111 "We will never have so much fun if we stay ten years in the service." 5. The Approach to Vicksburg (January-May 18, 1863) 149 "We have quite an army here." 6. Vicksburg and Jackson (May 19-July 26, 1863) 177 ". they are almost Starved and cant hold out much longer." 7. To Texas, via Indiana and Louisiana (July 27-December 1863) 201 "The sand blows very badly & everything we eat is full of sand." 8. Guard Duty along the Gulf (January-May 28, 1864 241 "A poor soldier obeys orders that is all." 9. To the Shenandoah and Home (May 29-September 1864) 277 "I was at the old John Brown Fortress where he made his stand for Liberty and Justice." 4 The picture can't be displayed. 5 INTRODUCTION Indiana played a significant role in the Civil War. Its contributions of men and material, surpassed by no other northern state on a percentage basis, were of enormous importance in the total war effort. -
Fort Sully, South Dakota 1866 - 1893
HISTORY OF WEATHER OBSERVATIONS Fort Sully, South Dakota 1866 - 1893 September 2006 Prepared by: Gary K. Grice Information Manufacturing Corporation Rocket Center, West Virginia This report was prepared for the Midwestern Regional Climate Center under the auspices of the Climate Database Modernization Program, NOAA’s National Climatic Data Center, Asheville, North Carolina TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgments ii LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS iii INTRODUCTION Historical Overview 1 Goal of the Study 4 LOCATION OF OBSERVATIONS Observations by Army Surgeons (1866-1893) 5 Observations by Signal Service (1872-1891) 9 INSTRUMENTATION Observations by Army Surgeons (1866-1893) 13 Observations by Signal Service (1872-1891) 16 Use of Signal Service Weather Services at Fort Sully 30 BIBLIOGRAPHY 31 APPENDIX Methodology 33 i Acknowledgments Staff at the South Dakota State Historical Society located relevant material and made photographic copies of archives on Fort Sully. Their expertise and effort were helpful in resolving specific issues of this research. A special thanks to Harold Schuler, author of the book entitled Fort Sully: Guns at Sunset, for taking the time to share his expertise on Fort Sully. His knowledge was especially beneficial. ii LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Figures 1. Fort Sully and Surrounding Area 1 2. Location of Fort Sully 2 3. Map of Missouri River and Two Sites for Fort Sully (1879) 3 4. Topographical Map of First Fort Sully 5 5. Photograph of First Fort Sully Site to Northeast 6 6. Photograph of First Fort Sully Site to South 6 7. Topographical Map of Second Fort Sully (1892) 8 8. Photograph of Second Fort Sully from the South (circa 1870s) 9 9. -
Vicksburg Campaign
WINTER 2020 H Vol. 21 No. 4 AMERICAN BATTLEFIELD TRUST PRESERVE. EDUCATE. INSPIRE. I WWW.BATTLEFIELDS.ORG VICKSBURG CAMPAIGN Preservation Challenges & Opportunities FURY AT THE RAILROAD REDOUBT H REFLECTING ON THE BEARSS LEGACY HALLOWED GROUND Kate Kelly ALUMNI BOARD STAFF Tom Moore Clarissa Borges Wendy Woodford HISTORY AND EDUCATION PROGRAMS MEMBERSHIP Mark Coombs A quarterly publication Los Angeles, California Harrison M. Bains ADMINISTRATION AND MANAGEMENT PRINCIPAL PHILANTHROPIC SENIOR ASSOCIATE DESIGN LEAD Garry Adelman Dawn Wisz DEPUTY DIRECTOR OF O. James Lighthizer* Cricket Bauer Ruth Hudspeth ADVISOR FOR STEWARDSHIP Connor Townsend CHIEF HISTORIAN SENIOR ASSOCIATE GOVERNMENT RELATIONS of the American Eldorado, Maryland Don Barrett CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER Christopher Hackman Meaghan Hogan SENIOR MANAGER, AUDIENCE Kristopher White FOR DONATIONS Paul Coussan Battlefield Trust Jeffrey P. McClanathan Kirk J. Bradley^ Steve Wyngarden DEVELOPMENT MANAGER SENIOR ASSOCIATE FOR PLANNED DEVELOPMENT SENIOR EDUCATION MANAGER Chris Lee SENIOR FEDERAL RELATIONS Winter 2020, St. Petersburg, Florida Paul Bryant^ CHIEF ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICER Molly N. Warren GIVING Matthew George SENIOR ASSOCIATE FOR MANAGER Noah Mehrkam SENIOR DEVELOPMENT EVENTS SENIOR MANAGER FOR MEMBERSHIP AND DONATIONS Mitch Lohr Vol. 21, No. 4 Walter W. Buckley, Jr. Courtney Galuska Washington, D.C. Childs F. Burden EXECUTIVE ASSISTANT TO MANAGER FOR COLOR BEARERS DIGITAL OPERATIONS Melissa Sadler LAND STEWARDSHIP Mary Stephens STATE AND LOCAL RELATIONS EDITORIAL DIRECTOR Lt. Gen. Richard Mills, USMC Carlton B. Crenshaw THE PRESIDENT & HR MANAGER Amanda Murray Lawrence Swiader DIRECTOR OF EVENTS Andy Poulton SENIOR ASSOCIATE FOR ASSOCIATE Mary Koik (Ret.) Beverly M. DuBose Tanya Roberts SENIOR MANAGER FOR CHIEF DIGITAL OFFICER Bonnie Repasi SENIOR VIDEO MEMBERSHIP AND DONATIONS Colleen Cheslak Leesburg, Virginia Bruce Gottwald WASHINGTON OFFICE MANAGER DIRECT MARKETING PRINCIPAL EVENTS COORDINATOR & CONTENT ASSOCIATE Tracey McIntire COMMUNICATIONS ASSISTANT EXECUTIVE EDITOR John L. -
Before Sitting Bull
Copyright © 2010 by the South Dakota State Historical Society. All Rights Reserved. KINGSLEY M. BRAY Before Sitting Bull Interpreting Hunkpapa Political History, 1750–1867 During the nineteenth century, the Hunkpapa people were the most warlike of the seven tribal divisions of the Teton Sioux, or Lakotas. Moving aggressively against their enemies, they early won a reputa- tion as resistors of the expansion of American trade and power on the Northern Great Plains. In their leader Sitting Bull, the Hunkpapas produced perhaps the single most iconic leader in the plains wars, a man deeply committed to repelling white intruders, retaining Lakota cultural verities, and resisting the imposition of the reservation system. In 1876, as the Great Sioux War convulsed the region, perhaps one- third of the Teton people gathered in the great summer encampment whose warriors went on to annihilate the Seventh United States Cav- alry command of Lieutenant Colonel George Armstrong Custer. While two-thirds of Lakotas had remained near their agencies on the Great Sioux Reservation, fully 70 percent of Hunkpapas answered the call of Sitting Bull at the Little Bighorn.1 A century or more of political history lay between the emergence of the Hunkpapas as an autonomous division and the seating of Sitting Bull as the Lakotas’ war leader in 1867. Probing the often fragmentary evidence of the Lakota past allows a reconstruction of the course of political events, revealing insights into the resistance that so marked Hunkpapa dealings with the United States and providing a glimpse of the last, most articulate and determined, upholder of the Hunkpapa tradition of isolationism.2 1.