PRTPRTPlansPlans inin SwedishSwedish CitiesCities byby Göran Göran Tegnér; Tegnér; M.Sc.Econ, M.Sc.Econ, Senior Senior Advisor, Advisor, WSP WSP Sweden Sweden ContentsContents

„ Many PRT studies & activities in Sweden „ Mega-study: 15 % higher modal share with PRT „ Recent PRT studies in Sweden: ‰ The Mälar Valley ‰ Stockholm ‰ Södertälje ‰ Uppsala (Boländerna) „ Conclusions ManyMany PRTPRT activitiesactivities Kiruna inin Sweden:Sweden: -- Feasibility Feasibility studies studies -- Research Research Projects Projects -- Engineering Engineering study study in in Södertälje Södertälje Umeå - Test Tracks in Uppsala & Hofors - Test Tracks in Uppsala & Hofors Åre/Östersund

Hofors Gävle Uppsala ManyMany activeactive forcesforces promotingpromoting Stockholm, Huddinge, Värmdö & Södertälje PRTPRT inin Sweden:Sweden: Eskilstuna & Linköping „„44 Governmental Governmental bodies bodies Göteborg Jönköping „„44 driving driving consultants consultants „„KOMPASSKOMPASS „„44 Suppliers: Suppliers: Malmö „„HardwareHardware & & software software providers providers AA Meta-study:Meta-study: 1515 %-units%-units higherhigher modalmodal shareshare withwith PRTPRT

Transit mode share with PRT - as a function of mode share without PRT (relationship based on 10 case studies with demand models)

80%

70% Central Gothenburg Daventry 60% Stockholm 2010

50% Skärholmen- Kungens kurva 2010 Central Gothenburg; 40% work trips

30% Corby New Town Modal split with PRT = 20%

Modal split WITH PRT split WITH Modal 0.86* Modal split without PRT 10% + 17,5 % Södertälje 2 Cardiff Bay R = 0,91 0% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% Modal split WITHOUT PRT SomeSome recentrecent PRTPRT studiesstudies inin SwedenSweden

„ A high-speed PRT inter-urban network for the Mälar Valley „ City of Stockholm „ City of Uppsala „ City of Södertälje TheThe MälarMälar Valley Valley Inter-urbanInter-urban high-speedhigh-speed PRTPRT networknetwork LinkingLinking local local networks, networks, 470 470 km km double double track, track, 200 200 km/hour km/hour

Uppsala

Stockholm Eskilstuna

Södertälje TheThe MälarMälar Valley Valley highhigh speedspeed PRTPRT networknetwork

Major findings about PRT: „ Facilitates commuting „ Substantial travel time gains „ Social benefit-cost ratio:1.35 „ Promotes CO2-goals „ Promotes traffic safety „ Promotes efficient land use TheThe StockholmStockholm PRTPRT system,system, byby SIKASIKA LinkingLinking urban urban nodes,nodes, 160160 kmkm track,track, 7575 km/hourkm/hour TheThe StockholmStockholm PRTPRT highhigh speedspeed networknetwork

Purpose: Examine social Costs & Benefits Scenarios: „ Commuter rail link + Road Pricing+ PRT net Results: „ Direct traffic impacts: ‰ Shorter travel times ‰ Shift from cars to podcars & commuter train ‰ 35 % less passenger car traffic in the morning rush hour „ Benefit-Cost Ratio: 0.97 to 1.21 „ More detailed analysis is required „ Technology available, but needs development TheThe CityCity ofof SödertäljeSödertälje

<=<= Today’s Today’s Publ. Publ. Trp. Trp. inin Södertälje:Södertälje: ‰‰44 railways railways stations stations ‰‰22 commuter commuter rail rail lines lines ‰‰1313 urban urban bus bus lines lines ‰‰1616 inter-urban inter-urban bus bus lines lines ‰‰33 night night bus bus lines lines

‰‰162162 line-kms line-kms ‰‰1414 % % publ-trp-modal publ-trp-modal share share ‰‰ 88 % % modal modal share share locally locally ‰‰2525 000 000 daily daily trips trips PRTPRT feasibilityfeasibility studystudy forfor SödertäljeSödertälje

PRT-network:PRT-network: ••4343 km km track track ••5555 stations stations ••700700 vehicles vehicles ••0-10-1 min min wait wait time time ••4545 km/hour km/hour speed speed

Impacts:Impacts: ••Publ.Trp.modalPubl.Trp.modal share:share: withoutwithout PRT: PRT: 8 8 % % withwith PRT: PRT: 19% 19%

ToTo the the year year 2030: 2030: FromFrom 25 25 000 000 to to 6767 500 500 daily daily publ.trp.publ.trp. tripstrips by by PRT PRT AnAn engineeringengineering PRTPRT studystudy forfor SödertäljeSödertälje

„ PTR for Södertälje – a vision for a sustainable city traffic – technique, design and costs „ Made in 2008-09 by WSP Civils & LogistikCentrum „ 4 phases examined DesignDesign ofof PRTPRT inin SödertäljeSödertälje AA typicaltypical PRTPRT stationstation

AA PRTPRT stationstation onon toptop ofof aa railwayrailway stationstation SödertäljeSödertälje BOT BOT financing:financing: PRTPRT cheapercheaper thanthan bus:bus: CapitalCapital cost:cost: 6.66.6 m€m€ per per km;km; totaltotal cost:cost: 289289 m€-43m€-43 km:km: CostCost perper trip:trip: Bus:Bus: 1.641.64 €:€: PRT:PRT: 0.820.82 €€

Södertälje annual costs & ticket revenue in M€

-7 Operating cost -22

-22 Capital cost: -3

PRT 12,5 Ticket revenue: Bus 7

-16,5 Net cost: -18

-25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 PRTPRT FeasibilityFeasibility study studyPRT for for for Boländerna,Boländerna, Uppsala UppsalaUppsala Railway AA PRTPRT NetworkNetwork forfor BoländernaBoländerna station 9.49.4 kmkm single-track,single-track, 1616 stations,stations, 130130 vehiclesvehicles

Shopping Mall Area OnlyOnly 5 5 %% BusBus tripstrips inin UppsalaUppsala todaytoday

Modal split at Boländerna in Uppsala today

Walk/Bike 30%

Bus Car 5% 65% 2020 %% (four(four timestimes higher)higher) modalmodal splitsplit atat BoländernaBoländerna inin UppsalaUppsala withwith PRTPRT

Modal split at Boländerna in Uppsala in 2020 with PRT

Walk/Bike 25%

Car 55% PRT 20% ConclusionsConclusions forfor UppsalaUppsala

„ Modal share up from 5 % to 20 % ‰ From 4 200 (by bus) to 16 000 daily trips (by PRT) „ BOT financing proposed „ Cost per trip: Bus: 1.80 €, PRT: 1.30 € „ Benefit-Cost ratio: 1.1 to 2.1. Average: 1.4 „ Forthcoming decision making: ‰ At present on public consideration ‰ A new study will compare bus, LRT and PRT for the entire city of Uppsala Conclusions:Conclusions: PRTPRT PlansPlans inin SwedishSwedish Cites:Cites:

1. Many feasibility Studies 2. Several activities promoting PRT 3. Still: no political decision, yet, but: A new governmental task to examine implementation of PRT in cities 4. Mega study shows: modal share up by 15 %- units on average with PRT 5. BOT-Build-Operate & Transfer financing proposed 6. Social benefits often higher than costs 7. Two comparative studies (Bus, LRT & PRT) going on, one for Uppsala, one more general