OREGON DOT Report Template
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
CONSTRUCTION OF EFFICIENT, COST- EFFECTIVE AND SUSTAINABLE MAINTENANCE FACILITIES Final Report PROJECT 792 CONSTRUCTION OF EFFICIENT, COST-EFFECTIVE AND SUSTAINABLE MAINTENANCE FACILITIES Final Report PROJECT 792 by Dr. Jason H. Ideker Dr. Karl R. Haapala Dr. Anh Tong Dr. Chang Li for Oregon Department of Transportation Research Section 555 13th Street NE, Suite 1 Salem OR 97301 and Federal Highway Administration 400 Seventh Street, SW Washington, DC 20590-0003 October 2018 Technical Report Documentation Page 1. Report No. 2. Government Accession 3. Recipient’s Catalog FHWA-OR-RD-19-04 No. No. 4. Title and Subtitle Report Date CONSTRUCTION OF EFFICIENT, COST-EFFECTIVE AND October 2018 SUSTAINABLE MAINTENANCE FACILITIES Performing Organization Code 7. Author(s) 8. Performing Jason H. Ideker, Karl R. Haapala, Anh Tong and Chang Li Organization Report No. 9. Performing Organization Name and Address 10. Work Unit No. (trais) Oregon Department of Transportation Research Section Contract or Grant No. 555 13th Street NE, Suite 1 SPR 792 Salem, OR 97301 Sponsoring Agency Name and Address Type of Report and Period Covered Oregon Dept. of Transportation Final Report Research Section Federal Highway Admin. 555 13th Street NE, Suite 1 400 Seventh Street, SW Sponsoring Agency Code Salem, OR 97301 Washington, DC 20590-0003 Supplementary Notes Abstract: The Oregon Department of Transportation (ODOT) manages about 89 maintenance stations. Many of these are reaching or beyond their life expectancy, inefficient, or functionally obsolete (e.g., unable to accommodate large modern equipment). There is an urgent need to systematically replace these buildings to support the maintenance mission of the agency. By reviewing literature, green building standards and rating systems, and other DOT regulations, and by conducting two case studies as part of an ODOT research project (SPR 792), best practices were identified to be considered when constructing new or renovating existing stations. First, optimizing building energy performance appears to be the single most important action that can result in cost savings and reduce its negative environmental impacts. To optimize energy use, it is important to perform initial commissioning of building systems ensuring that the HVAC and electrical systems (including sensors) are operating per manufacturer recommended specifications. Then, using building energy simulation tools is recommended to optimize energy performance and to identify areas where energy can be saved, or where waste energy can be harvested. Next, it was found making improvements in sustainability metrics for materials used in the greatest quantity on a mass (or volume) basis can result in significant improvements in overall sustainability performance. Also, prioritizing the use of regional materials for the most used building materials, especially those of greatest density (e.g., concrete), can significantly reduce environmental impacts of associated transportation, as well as stimulating the local/regional economy. Finally, focusing on materials that provide synergistic benefits in energy savings was found to be important for improving the overall sustainability performance of buildings. 17. Key Words 18. Distribution Statement Sustainability, maintenance facilities, life cycle Copies available from NTIS, and online at analysis, life cycle cost analysis, materials, energy, https://www.oregon.gov/ODOT/TD/TP_RES/ efficient design 19. Security Classification Security Classification (of this 21. No. of Pages 22.Price (of this report) page) 199 Unclassified Unclassified Technical Report Form DOT F 1700.7 (8-72) Reproduction of completed page authorized Printed on recycled paper i ii SI* (MODERN METRIC) CONVERSION FACTORS APPROXIMATE CONVERSIONS TO SI UNITS APPROXIMATE CONVERSIONS FROM SI UNITS When You Multiply When You Multiply Symbol To Find Symbol Symbol To Find Symbol Know By Know By LENGTH LENGTH in inches 25.4 millimeters mm mm millimeters 0.039 inches in ft feet 0.305 meters m m meters 3.28 feet ft yd yards 0.914 meters m m meters 1.09 yards yd mi miles 1.61 kilometers km km kilometers 0.621 miles mi AREA AREA millimeters 2 2 millimeters 2 in2 square inches 645.2 mm mm 0.0016 square inches in squared squared 2 2 2 2 ft square feet 0.093 meters squared m m meters squared 10.764 square feet ft 2 2 yd2 square yards 0.836 meters squared m m meters squared 1.196 square yards yd2 ac acres 0.405 hectares ha ha hectares 2.47 acres ac iii kilometers kilometers 2 2 2 mi2 square miles 2.59 km km 0.386 square miles mi squared squared VOLUME VOLUME fl oz fluid ounces 29.57 milliliters ml ml milliliters 0.034 fluid ounces fl oz gal gallons 3.785 liters L L liters 0.264 gallons gal ft3 cubic feet 0.028 meters cubed m 3 m 3 meters cubed 35.315 cubic feet ft3 yd3 cubic yards 0.765 meters cubed m 3 m 3 meters cubed 1.308 cubic yards yd3 *NOTE: Volumes greater than 1000 L shall be shown in m 3. MASS MASS oz ounces 28.35 grams g g grams 0.035 ounces oz lb pounds 0.454 kilograms kg kg kilograms 2.205 pounds lb short tons (2000 T 0.907 megagrams Mg Mg megagrams 1.102 short tons (2000 lb) T lb) TEMPERATURE (exact) TEMPERATURE (exact) (F- 1.8C+3 °F Fahrenheit Celsius °C °C Celsius Fahrenheit °F 32)/1.8 2 *SI is the symbol for the International System of Measurement iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This project benefited from the inclusion of the technical advisory committee members from Oregon Department of Transportation and Oregon department of Energy. These members are listed below. Name Organization Position Bob Repine (retired 12/2016) ODOT Manager ODOT Facilities Jonathan Doughton ODOT ODOT Facilities Engineer ODOT Facilities Project Luis Umana ODOT Manager ODOT Region 2 Maintenance Vivian Payne ODOT & Operations Manager Ann Hushagen Oregon Department of Energy Energy Analyst Timothy Rogers FHWA Principle Engineer Facilities Construction Rob Dibble ODOT Manager Facilities Construction and Special Projects Energy Kristen LaLonde ODOT Analyst Josh Roll ODOT Project Research Coordinator DISCLAIMER This document is disseminated under the sponsorship of the Oregon Department of Transportation and the United States Department of Transportation in the interest of information exchange. The State of Oregon and the United States Government assume no liability of its contents or use thereof. The contents of this report reflect the view of the authors who are solely responsible for the facts and accuracy of the material presented. The contents do not necessarily reflect the official views of the Oregon Department of Transportation or the United States Department of Transportation. The State of Oregon and the United States Government do not endorse products of manufacturers. Trademarks or manufacturers’ names appear herein only because they are considered essential to the object of this document. This report does not constitute a standard, specification, or regulation. v vi TABLE OF CONTENT 1.0 INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................. 1 1.1 OVERVIEW OF THE ALBANY MAINTENANCE FACILITY ................................................. 2 1.2 OVERVIEW OF THE SISTERS MAINTENANCE FACILITY ....................................................... 2 2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW ................................................................................................ 3 2.1 LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT (LCA) ...................................................................................... 3 2.1.1 LCA Overview ........................................................................................................................................ 3 2.1.2 Phase 1: Goal and Scope of LCAs on Buildings .................................................................................... 4 2.1.3 Phase 2: Life Cycle Inventory for Building Studies ............................................................................... 7 2.1.4 Phases 3-4: Life Cycle Inventory Assessment (LCIA) and Interpretation ............................................. 8 2.1.5 LCA Findings ....................................................................................................................................... 12 2.2 LIFE CYCLE COST ANALYSIS ........................................................................................... 22 2.2.1 Overview of Life Cycle Cost Analysis: ................................................................................................. 23 2.2.2 LCCA for Buildings ............................................................................................................................. 23 2.2.3 LCCA Methodologies for Buildings ..................................................................................................... 27 2.2.4 LCCA Findings .................................................................................................................................... 30 2.2.5 Available Software to Assist LCCA ...................................................................................................... 33 2.3 REVIEW OF CURRENT SUSTAINABLE BUILDING CONSTRUCTION RATING SYSTEMS .......... 33 2.3.1 Federal Green Construction Guide for Specifiers (FGCGS) ............................................................... 34 2.3.2 LEED v4 Building Design and Construction (BD+C) ......................................................................... 35 2.3.3 Green Globes ......................................................................................................................................