Modern and Ancient Literary Criticism of the Gospels
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The Discovery of Inscriptions and the Legitimation of New Cults
Comp. by: pg2448 Stage : Proof ChapterID: 0001330948 Date:29/7/ 11 Time:12:47:09 Filepath:d:/womat-filecopy/0001330948.3D OUP UNCORRECTED PROOF – FIRST PROOF, 29/7/2011, SPi 11 The Discovery of Inscriptions and the Legitimation of New Cults Aude Busine The practice of inscribing texts on permanent media such as stone or bronze was probably one of the most characteristic and enduring practices in the Greco-Roman world. Today, these inscriptions con- stitute elements essential to our understanding and knowledge of ancient society. On the one hand, the everyday, ordinary aspect of these texts gives us a less idealized picture of the classical world; on the other hand, the materiality of the medium makes distant antiquity more real, more accessible. The discovery of new epigraphic evidence is always exciting, and gives scholars an opportunity to display their skill in deciphering. In antiquity, finding and re-using inscriptions, whether genuine or forged, played an important role in shaping and understanding the world: then as today, the reinterpretation of ancient inscribed texts allowed a reconstruction of the past, which was then employed as a way to manage the present. Poets, historians, and antiquarians quoted and discussed inscriptions, in both Greek and Latin, with a whole range of motives.1 This paper examines the circumstances in which inscriptions were discovered both in pagan and Christian antiquity and focuses on the ways they were used in the legitimation of new cults. 1 See the contributions of Higbie 1999; Tronson 2000; Boardman 2002 (index sv ‘inscriptions’); Haake 2004; Zizza 2006; Pownall 2008. -
Rethinking Athenian Democracy.Pdf
Rethinking Athenian Democracy A dissertation presented by Daniela Louise Cammack to The Department of Government in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the subject of Political Science Harvard University Cambridge, Massachusetts January 2013 © 2013 Daniela Cammack All rights reserved. Professor Richard Tuck Daniela Cammack Abstract Conventional accounts of classical Athenian democracy represent the assembly as the primary democratic institution in the Athenian political system. This looks reasonable in the light of modern democracy, which has typically developed through the democratization of legislative assemblies. Yet it conflicts with the evidence at our disposal. Our ancient sources suggest that the most significant and distinctively democratic institution in Athens was the courts, where decisions were made by large panels of randomly selected ordinary citizens with no possibility of appeal. This dissertation reinterprets Athenian democracy as “dikastic democracy” (from the Greek dikastēs, “judge”), defined as a mode of government in which ordinary citizens rule principally through their control of the administration of justice. It begins by casting doubt on two major planks in the modern interpretation of Athenian democracy: first, that it rested on a conception of the “wisdom of the multitude” akin to that advanced by epistemic democrats today, and second that it was “deliberative,” meaning that mass discussion of political matters played a defining role. The first plank rests largely on an argument made by Aristotle in support of mass political participation, which I show has been comprehensively misunderstood. The second rests on the interpretation of the verb “bouleuomai” as indicating speech, but I suggest that it meant internal reflection in both the courts and the assembly. -
Pecunia Omnes Vincit
Pecunia Omnes Vincit CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS OF THE 4TH INTERNATIONAL NUMISMATIC AND EcONOMIC CONFERENCE KRAKOW 12–13 MAY 2017 KRAKÓW 2019 PECUNIA OMNES VINCIT Pecunia Omnes Vincit COIN AS A MEDIUM OF EXCHANGE THROUGHOUT CENTURIES ConfErEnCE ProceedingS OF THE FOURTH INTERNATIONAL numiSmatiC and EConomiC CONFERENCE KraKow, 12-13 may 2017 Edited by Barbara Zając, Paulina Koczwara, Szymon Jellonek Krakow 2019 Editors Barbara Zając Paulina Koczwara Szymon Jellonek Scientific mentoring Dr hab. Jarosław Bodzek Reviewers Dr hab. Márton Kálnoki-Gyöngyössy DSc Dr Witold Garbaczewski Dr Kamil Kopij Dr Kirylo Myzgin Dr Michał Kasiński Dr Bartosz Awianowicz Michał Link-Lenczowski MA Proofreading Korekto.pl DTP GroupMedia Project of cover design Adrian Gajda, photo by Nevyan Mitev © Copyright by Adrian Gajda and Editors; photo Nevyan Mitev Funding by Financial support of the Foundation of the Students of the Jagiellonian University „BRATNIAK” and History Department of the Jagiellonian University © Copyright by Institute of Archaeology, Jagiellonian University Krakow 2019 ISBN: 978-83-954337-0-2 Address Institute of Archaeology, Jagiellonian University 11 Gołębia Street 31-007 Krakow Contents Introduction /7 Carlo Lualdi Victory, celebration and memory: Representations of the Third Macedonian War /9 Szymon Jellonek The Colonial Coinage under Claudius /25 Barbara Zając Mysterious Uncertain Bithynian Coins /41 Paulina Koczwara Finds of Celtic coins in the Western part of Cisalpine Gaul /57 Paulina Dąbrowska Iron production in the Wielbark Culture in Pomerania -
Talismans Against Tsunamis: Apollonius of Tyana and the Stelai of the Herakleion in Gades (VA 5.5) Manuel Álvarez Martí-Aguilar
Talismans against Tsunamis: Apollonius of Tyana and the stelai of the Herakleion in Gades (VA 5.5) Manuel Álvarez Martí-Aguilar HE HERAKLEION IN GADES was a religious centre famous throughout the ancient world.1 According to T the local accounts collected by Posidonius of Apamea and transmitted by Strabo (3.5.5–6), the origin of the sanctuary dated back to the time of the city’s foundation by colonists from Tyre, which is currently dated to the ninth century B.C.2 The sanctuary was dedicated to Melqart, the most important god of the metropolis and the new colony, who is identified in 1 Among the extensive bibliography, the most notable are A. García y Bellido, “Hércules Gaditanus,” ArchEsp 36 (1963) 70–153; D. van Berchem, “Sanctuaires d’Hercule-Melqart. Contribution à l’étude de l’expansion phénicienne en Méditerranée,” Syria 44 (1967) 80–87; J. M. Blázquez, “El Herakleion Gaditano, un templo semita en Occidente,” in Imagen y mito. Estudios sobre religiones mediterráneas e ibéricas (Madrid 1977) 17–28; C. Bonnet, Melqart. Cultes et mythes de l’Héraclès tyrien en Méditerranée (Leuven/Namur 1988) 203–229; A. T. Fear, “A Journey to the End of the World,” in J. Elsner and I. Rutherford (eds.), Pilgrimage in Graeco-Roman and Early Christian Antiquity (Oxford 2005) 319–331; M. C. Marín, “Les contacts entre Phéniciens et Grecs dans le territoire de Gadir et leur formulation religieuse,” in S. Ribichini et al. (eds.), La questione delle influenze vicino-orientali sulla religione greca (Rome 2001) 315–331; M. C. Marín and A. -
1 the Land of the Hebrews 2 the Assyrian and Babylonian Empires 3
MAPS 1 The Land of the Hebrews 2 The Assyrian and Babylonian Empires 3 Galilee and Surrounding Areas 4 The Hellenistic Kingdoms, about 170 bc 5 The Roman Empire at the Death of Augustus, ad 14 6 Palestine in New Testament Times 7 The Eastern Mediterranean Lands in the First–Second Centuries ad The Land of the Hebrews Sidon A I Damascus Hill country and desert C a I e Tyre N E S O H n P a e Sea of Galilee n a r N r e J o t r d A a i L n E A R d I S R i v e e Joppa r A M A I T Jericho S I N Jerusalem L I a H H Se A A P D Gaza J U ad e D T C R E S E D E T N G D E S E R A Y I P T B A R A S IN A I PE NI 0 20 40 60 80 kilometres NS ULA Red 0 10 20 30 40 50 miles Sea The Assyrian and Babylonian Empires C a s p i an S ea A S S Y R I Nineveh CYPRUS A E u P A R T HIA p A h r T I a t igris R e S Y s e a M S e d i t e r r a n e a n Ecbatana Damascus E IN ST LE PA Babylon Jerusalem Dead BA Sea B YL ONI Memphis A A R A E G YPT B I A PER S I A Nile Assyrian Empire ca. -
Magic and Ritual in the Ancient World
MAGIC AND RITUAL IN THE ANCIENT WORLD PAUL MIRECKI MARVIN MEYER, Editors BRILL RGRW.Mirecki/Meyer.141.vwc 19-11-2001 14:34 Pagina I MAGIC AND RITUAL IN THE ANCIENT WORLD RGRW.Mirecki/Meyer.141.vwc 19-11-2001 14:34 Pagina II RELIGIONS IN THE GRAECO-ROMAN WORLD EDITORS R. VAN DEN BROEK H. J.W. DRIJVERS H.S. VERSNEL VOLUME 141 RGRW.Mirecki/Meyer.141.vwc 19-11-2001 14:34 Pagina III MAGIC AND RITUAL IN THE ANCIENT WORLD EDITED BY PAUL MIRECKI AND MARVIN MEYER BRILL LEIDEN • BOSTON • KÖLN 2002 RGRWMIRE.VWC 6/2/2004 9:18 AM Page iv This series Religions in the Graeco-Roman World presents a forum for studies in the social and cultural function of religions in the Greek and the Roman world, dealing with pagan religions both in their own right and in their interaction with and influence on Christianity and Judaism during a lengthy period of fundamental change. Special attention will be given to the religious history of regions and cities which illustrate the practical workings of these processes. Enquiries regarding the submission of works for publication in the series may be directed to Professor H.J.W. Drijvers, Faculty of Letters, University of Groningen, 9712 EK Groningen, The Netherlands. This book is printed on acid-free paper. Die Deutsche Bibliothek – CIP-Einheitsaufnahme Magic and ritual in the ancient world / ed. by Paul Mirecki and Marvin Meyer. – Leiden ; Boston ; Köln : Brill, 2001 (Religions in the Graeco-Roman world ; Vol. 141) ISBN 90–04–10406–2 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Library of Congress Cataloging-in Publication Data is also available ISSN 0927-7633 ISBN 90 04 11676 1 © Copyright 2002 by Koninklijke Brill nv, Leiden, The Netherlands All rights reserved. -
The Local Impact of the Koinon in Roman Coastal Paphlagonia Chingyuan Wu University of Pennsylvania, [email protected]
University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations 2018 The Local Impact Of The Koinon In Roman Coastal Paphlagonia Chingyuan Wu University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations Part of the Ancient History, Greek and Roman through Late Antiquity Commons Recommended Citation Wu, Chingyuan, "The Local Impact Of The Koinon In Roman Coastal Paphlagonia" (2018). Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations. 3204. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/3204 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/3204 For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Local Impact Of The Koinon In Roman Coastal Paphlagonia Abstract This dissertation studies the effects that a “koinon” in the Roman period could have on its constituent communities. The tudys traces the formation process of the koinon in Roman coastal Paphlagonia, called “the Koinon of the Cities in Pontus,” and its ability to affect local customs and norms through an assortment of epigraphic, literary, numismatic and archaeological sources. The er sults of the study include new readings of inscriptions, new proposals on the interpretation of the epigraphic record, and assessments on how they inform and change our opinion regarding the history and the regional significance of the coastal Paphlagonian koinon. This study finds that the Koinon of the Cities in Pontus in coastal Paphlagonia was a dynamic organisation whose membership and activities defined by the eparchic administrative boundary of the Augustan settlement and the juridical definition of the Pontic identity in the eparchic sense. The necessary process that forced the periodic selection of municipal peers to attain koinon leadership status not only created a socially distinct category of “koinon” elite but also elevated the koinon to extraordinary status based on consensus in the eparchia. -
Pursued by Plague
DE HOOP Pursued by Plague Did the Plague of Cyprian Cause the Romans to Migrate? Anne de Hoop Utrecht University, the Netherlands ABSTRACT Studies of migration in the context of the Roman world have gained immense popularity in recent years. Migration studies are versatile and include multiple different foci, including the movement of minorities, the various types of historical evidence for migration, and the many migration motives. Amongst those motives, contagious diseases are usually neglected by scholars as a push factor. In his most recent work, Kyle Harper takes note of the population decline during the Plague of Cyprian in Alexandria, arguing that not all of these casualties need to be dead of plague; some people may have fled the chaos. Aside from this single critical note, however, Harper does not explore the possibility that migration during the third century CE may have been caused by the Plague of Cyprian. How people spread diseases as they travel is well-researched—in history, as well as in modern times with COVID-19 restricting our mobile way of living. However, migration as a result of pestilence in the Roman world—in other words, people fleeing cities to avoid getting ill and possibly dying as a result thereof—has not been given sufficient scholarly attention. Therefore, this study seeks to analyze the extent to which the Plague of Cyprian acted as a motive for migration in the Roman Empire between 250 and 270 CE. In doing so, it will demonstrate that the Plague of Cyprian likely caused indirect migration based on socio-economic and cultural consequences rather than direct migration as a strategy to avert disease. -
2012 Filippini
GUERRE, TASSE, CONTADINI ED ERESIA. NOTE PRELIMINARI PER UN’ANALISI SOCIO-ECONOMICA DELL’INSORGENZA DEL MONTANISMO IN FRIGIA* Alister Filippini 1. I coloni del latifondo imperiale di Tymion in epoca severiana alla località turca di Süsüzoren (distretto di Usak),¸ situata nel cuore dell’an- D tica Frigia, tra gli alti corsi dei fiumi Meandro, Ermo e Tembris, proviene una preziosa iscrizione, accuratamente analizzata da Peter Lampe e William Tab- bernee, 1 la cui recente pubblicazione ha contribuito a gettare nuova luce non soltanto sulla discussa questione topografica della localizzazione dei villaggi frigi di Pepouza e Tymion, ma anche sul profilo socio-economico e giuridico di tali co- munità rurali : a quanto risulta dal documento epigrafico,Tymion rientrava infatti nei vasti dominii del latifondo imperiale. L’iscrizione di Süsüzoren riproduce il rescritto inviato, probabilmente nel 205 d.C., da Settimio Severo e Caracalla ai * Una versione preliminare è stata presentata in forma di intervento alle Giornate Messinesi dei Dottorandi e dei Giovani Ricercatori in Scienze dell’Antichità (GiMeD, Messina 6-7 luglio 2011), organizzate dalla Scuola di Dottorato in Scienze Archeologiche e Storiche dell’Università di Messi- na. Si ringraziano gli organizzatori delle Giornate per aver concesso di pubblicare la rielaborazione dell’intervento in questa sede ; per i preziosi consigli e suggerimenti desidero ringraziare vivamen- te Francesco D’Andria, Gian Luca Gregori, Francesco Guizzi, Attilio Mastrocinque, Mario Mazza, Tullia Ritti. 1 Per la più recente e definitiva edizione del testo del rescritto, che qui si riproduce, vd. W. Tabber- nee - P. Lampe, Pepouza and Tymion : The Discovery and Archaeological Exploration of a Lost City and an Imperial Estate, Berlin-New York 2008 ; per un’analisi giuridica e storico-sociale vd. -
2016-10-13 Greek Coins CHECKLIST Article Best.Htm
Ancient Greek Coins by Area, City and King - CHECKLIST & RESEARCH Tool Find Every Ancient Greek Coin in Existence for Sale & Research The Types Minted in One Article https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zPjq39ZyiJY The goal of this article is simple, it is to educate people on the types of ancient Greek coins in existence, and help them find them for sale in my eBay store: http://stores.ebay.com/Authentic-Ancient-Greek-Roman-Coins with a simple click of the mouse. I included links to the best ancient Greek and Roman coin research site, WildWinds.com for you to be able to see examples of even the rarest ancient Greek and Roman coins. To use this tool, know that clicking on the text of a name will make you search for the term inside my eBay store, to see if there are examples for sale, and clicking the term "Research" will take you to the appropriate page with the research information. Additional articles on coin collecting can be found at my website: http://www.trustedancientcoins.com/articles/. Benefits and Instructions The benefits you will receive with this article is that it's an immense research library, referencing important books, and including descriptions and pictures condensed to one PDF file you can download to your computer. You can print it and use it as a checklist of coins to add to your collection, including learning about some of the extremely rare types. Additionally there are "Encyclopedia" entries that can be read about the different areas or kingdoms by clicking the term. -
The Religion of Freelance Experts in Early Imperial Rome
AT THE TEMPLE GATES: THE RELIGION OF FREELANCE EXPERTS IN EARLY IMPERIAL ROME BY Heidi Wendt A.B., Brown University, 2004 M.T.S., Harvard Divinity School, 2007 DISSERTATION Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of PhilosoPhy in the Department of Religious Studies at Brown University PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND MAY 2013 © Copyright 2013 by Heidi Wendt This dissertation by Heidi Katherine Wendt is accepted in its present form by the Department of Religious Studies as satisfying the dissertation requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Recommended to the Graduate School Date________________ _______________________________________________ Dr. Stanley K. Stowers, Advisor Date________________ _______________________________________________ Dr. Ross S. Kraemer, Advisor Date________________ _______________________________________________ Dr. John Bodel, Advisor Recommended to the Graduate School Date________________ _______________________________________________ Dean Peter Weber, Dean of the Graduate School iii CURRICULUM VITAE Heidi Wendt was born May 12th 1982, in Bethesda, Maryland. After five years in Fairfax, VirGinia, her family moved to Danville, California, where she attended local public schools. In 2000, she entered Brown University as an underGraduate student. There she concentrated in International Relations and ReliGious Studies, with a focus on development and interactions between native reliGion and Christianity in West Africa that included field research in Ghana. After taking several reliGion courses with faculty whose expertise and research were in the ancient Mediterranean world, she grew increasingly interested in the Greco- Roman context of earliest Christianity. After graduating Magna Cum Laude from Brown in 2004, Heidi enrolled in Harvard Divinity School, where she studied reliGion in the Roman Empire with an interdisciplinary approach that included coursework in Roman art and archaeoloGy. -
Durham E-Theses
Durham E-Theses The documents in the public speeches of Demosthenes: authenticity and tradition CANEVARO, MIRKO How to cite: CANEVARO, MIRKO (2011) The documents in the public speeches of Demosthenes: authenticity and tradition, Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/3263/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk 2 Mirko Canevaro The documents in the public speeches of Demosthenes: authenticity and tradition The thesis is concerned with the official documents (laws and decrees) preserved in the public speeches of the Demosthenic corpus (18, 21, 23, 24, 59). These documents purport to be Athenian statutes and, if authentic, would provide invaluable information about fourth-century Athenian history and institutions. The introduction gives an account of the presence of the documents in the corpora of the orators and in the manuscript tradition, summarizes previous scholarship and delineates a new methodology for analyzing the documents.