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MRI Atlas of the Human Deep Brain Jean-Jacques Lemaire
MRI Atlas of the Human Deep Brain Jean-Jacques Lemaire To cite this version: Jean-Jacques Lemaire. MRI Atlas of the Human Deep Brain. 2019. hal-02116633 HAL Id: hal-02116633 https://hal.uca.fr/hal-02116633 Preprint submitted on 1 May 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial - NoDerivatives| 4.0 International License MRI ATLAS of the HUMAN DEEP BRAIN Jean-Jacques Lemaire, MD, PhD, neurosurgeon, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA, France This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, PO Box 1866, Mountain View, CA 94042, USA. Terminologia Foundational Model Terminologia MRI Deep Brain Atlas NeuroNames (ID) neuroanatomica usages, classical and french terminologies of Anatomy (ID) Anatomica 1998 (ID) 2017 http://fipat.library.dal.ca In -
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Mediodorsal, Pulvinar, and Centromedian Nuclei of the Thalamus in Patients with Schizophrenia
ORIGINAL ARTICLE Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Mediodorsal, Pulvinar, and Centromedian Nuclei of the Thalamus in Patients With Schizophrenia Eileen M. Kemether, MD; Monte S. Buchsbaum, MD; William Byne, MD, PhD; Erin A. Hazlett, PhD; Mehmet Haznedar, MD; Adam M. Brickman, MPhil; Jimcy Platholi, MA; Rachel Bloom Background: Postmortem and magnetic resonance im- reduced in all 3 nuclei; differences in relative reduction aging (MRI) data have suggested volume reductions in did not differ among the nuclei. The remainder of the the mediodorsal (MDN) and pulvinar nuclei (PUL) of the thalamic volume (whole thalamus minus the volume of thalamus. The centromedian nucleus (CMN), impor- the 3 delineated nuclei) was not different between schizo- tant in attention and arousal, has not been previously stud- phrenic patients and controls, indicating that the vol- ied with MRI. ume reduction was specific to these nuclei. Volume rela- tive to brain size was reduced in all 3 nuclei and remained Methods: A sample of 41 patients with schizophrenia significant when only patients who had never been ex- (32 men and 9 women) and 60 healthy volunteers (45 posed to neuroleptic medication (n=15) were consid- men and 15 women) underwent assessment with high- ered. For the MDN, women had larger relative volumes resolution 1.2-mm thick anatomical MRI. Images were than men among controls, but men had larger volumes differentiated to enhance the edges and outline of the than women among schizophrenic patients. whole thalamus, and the MDN, PUL, and CMN were out- lined on all slices by a tracer masked to diagnostic Conclusions: Three association regions of the thala- status. -
Analysis of Evoked Activity Patterns of Human Thalamic Ventrolateral Neurons During Verbally Ordered Voluntary Movements
Neuroscience Vol. 88, No. 2, pp. 377–392, 1998 Copyright 1998 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd Printed in Great Britain. All rights reserved Pergamon PII: S0306-4522(98)00230-9 0306–4522/99 $19.00+0.00 ANALYSIS OF EVOKED ACTIVITY PATTERNS OF HUMAN THALAMIC VENTROLATERAL NEURONS DURING VERBALLY ORDERED VOLUNTARY MOVEMENTS S. RAEVA,* N. VAINBERG, YU. TIKHONOV and I. TSETLIN Laboratory of Human Cell Neurophysiology, Institute of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygin Street, Moscow 117377, Russia and Burdenko Neurosurgery Institute, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia Abstract––In the human thalamic ventralis lateralis nucleus the responses of 184 single units to verbally ordered voluntary movements and some somatosensory stimulations were studied by microelectrode recording technique during 38 stereotactic operations on parkinsonian patients. The tests were carried out on the same previously examined population of neurons classified into two groups, named A- and B-types according to the functional criteria of their intrinsic structure of spontaneous activity patterns. The evaluation of the responses of these units during functionally different phases of a voluntary movement (preparation, initiation, execution, after-effect) by means of the principal component analysis and correlation techniques confirmed the functional differences between A- and B-types of neurons and their polyvalent convergent nature. Four main conclusions emerge from the studies. (1) The differences of the patterns of A- and B-unit -
Neurophysiological Characterisation of Neurons in the Rostral Nucleus Reuniens in Health and Disease
Neurophysiological characterisation of neurons in the rostral nucleus reuniens in health and disease. Submitted by Darren Walsh, to the University of Exeter as a thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Medical Studies, September 2017. This thesis is available for Library use on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published without proper acknowledgement. I certify that all material in this thesis which is not my own work has been identified and that no material has previously been submitted and approved for the award of a degree by this or any other University. (Signature) ……………………………………………………………………………… Word Count = 44,836 1 Abstract Evidence is mounting for a role of the nucleus reuniens (Re) in higher cognitive function. Despite growing interest, very little is known about the intrinsic neurophysiological properties of Re neurons and, to date, no studies have examined if alterations to Re neurons may contribute to cognitive deficits associated with normal aging or dementia. Work presented chapter 3 provides the first detailed description of the intrinsic electrophysiological properties of rostral Re neurons in young adult (~5 months) C57- Bl/6J mice. This includes a number of findings which are highly atypical for thalamic relay neurons including tonic firing in the theta frequency at rest, a paucity of hyperpolarisation-activated cyclic nucleotide–gated (HCN) mediated currents, and a diversity of responses observed in response to depolarising current injections. Additionally this chapter includes a description of a novel form of intrinsic plasticity which alters the functional output of Re neurons. Chapter 4 investigates whether the intrinsic properties of Re neurons are altered in aged (~15 month) C57-Bl/6J mice as compared to a younger control group (~5 months). -
Imaging the Centromedian Thalamic Nucleus Using Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping
UC Berkeley UC Berkeley Previously Published Works Title Imaging the Centromedian Thalamic Nucleus Using Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping. Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7pm0m9bk Authors Li, Jun Li, Yufei Gutierrez, Lorenzo et al. Publication Date 2019 DOI 10.3389/fnhum.2019.00447 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California BRIEF RESEARCH REPORT published: 09 January 2020 doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2019.00447 Imaging the Centromedian Thalamic Nucleus Using Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping Jun Li 1†, Yufei Li 2†, Lorenzo Gutierrez 2, Wenying Xu 1, Yiwen Wu 3, Chunlei Liu 4,5, Dianyou Li 1, Bomin Sun 1, Chencheng Zhang 1* and Hongjiang Wei 2* 1Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China, 2Institute for Medical Imaging Technology, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China, 3Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, Edited by: China, 4Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United 5 Adolfo Ramirez-Zamora, States, Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States University of Florida Health, United States The centromedian (CM) nucleus is an intralaminar thalamic nucleus that is considered as Reviewed by: a potentially effective target of deep brain stimulation (DBS) and ablative surgeries for the Wolf-Julian Neumann, Charité Medical University of Berlin, treatment of multiple neurological and psychiatric disorders. However, the structure of Germany CM is invisible on the standard T1- and T2-weighted (T1w and T2w) magnetic resonance Zhijiang Wang, Peking University Sixth Hospital, images, which hamper it as a direct DBS target for clinical applications. -
Targeting the Centromedian Thalamic Nucleus for Deep Brain Stimulation
medRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/19008136; this version posted October 18, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license . Title: Targeting the centromedian thalamic nucleus for deep brain stimulation Authors: Aaron E.L Warren1,2,3, Linda J. Dalic1,3,4, Wesley Thevathasan4,5,6, Annie Roten1, Kristian J. Bulluss5,7,8, John S. Archer1,2,3,4 1Department of Medicine (Austin Health), University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia 2Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia 3The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia 4Department of Neurology, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia 5Bionics Institute, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia 6Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, and Department of Neurology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia 7Department of Neurosurgery, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia 8Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia Corresponding author: Aaron E.L. Warren Ph: +613 9035 7110 Email: [email protected] Address: Melbourne Brain Centre, 245 Burgundy Street, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia 3084 Key words: Deep brain stimulation, centromedian nucleus, thalamus, epilepsy, Lennox- Gastaut syndrome, microelectrode recording, fMRI 1 NOTE: This preprint reports new research that has not been certified by peer review and should not be used to guide clinical practice. medRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/19008136; this version posted October 18, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. -
Thalamus.Pdf
Thalamus 583 THALAMUS This lecture will focus on the thalamus, a subdivision of the diencephalon. The diencephalon can be divided into four areas, which are interposed between the brain stem and cerebral hemispheres. The four subdivisions include the hypothalamus to be discussed in a separate lecture, the ventral thalamus containing the subthalamic nucleus already discussed, the epithalamus which is made up mostly of the pineal body, and the dorsal thalamus (henceforth referred to as the thalamus) which is the focus of this lecture. Although we will not spend any time in lecture on the pineal body, part of the epithalamus, it does have some interesting features as well as some clinical relevance. The pineal is a small midline mass of glandular tissue that secretes the hormone melatonin. In lower mammals, melatonin plays a central role in control of diurnal rhythms (cycles in body states and hormone levels that follow the day- night cycle). In humans, at least a portion of the control of diurnal rhythms has been taken over by the hypothalamus, but there is increasing evidence that the pineal and melatonin play at least a limited role. Recent investigations have demonstrated a role for melatonin in sleep, tumor reduction and aging. Additionally, based on the observation that tumors of the pineal can induce a precocious puberty in males it has been suggested that the pineal is also involved in timing the onset of puberty. In many individuals the pineal is partially calcified and can serve as a marker for the midline of the brain on x- rays. Pathological processes can sometimes be detected by a shift in its position. -
Thalamic Projection to Frontal Cortex in Man*
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry: first published as 10.1136/jnnp.13.3.198 on 1 August 1950. Downloaded from J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiat., 1950, 13, 198. THALAMIC PROJECTION TO FRONTAL CORTEX IN MAN* BY TURNER McLARDY From the Department of Neuropathology, the Institute ofPsychiatry, University of London The object of this communication is to report the ferential organization such that adjacent regions in present position at the Maudsley laboratory of the nucleus project to adjacent areas in the cortex. research on the projection of nerve cells of the The nucleus submedius, when present, projects human thalamus on to frontal cortex. Previous, to the same cortical field as the adjacent part of the more tentative, reports on this topic were published dorsomedial nucleus, namely area 8. by Meyer, Beck, and McLardy in 1947 and by The other intralaminar nuclei, including the Meyer, McLardy, and Beck in 1948. centromedian nucleus and the parafascicular nucleus, The main material used consisted of 54 cerebral and the midline nuclei, have no projection to the hemispheres with varied leucotomy lesions. A few frontal cortex, so far as can be argued from observa- cases oftraumatic and of vascular damage to frontal tions on retrograde degeneration after fairly circum- cortex were also employed. Cortical areas involved scribed damage to the frontal lobe. There is, in the primary lesions were correlated with the however, some indication that some of them may position of retrograde nerve cell degeneration and possess a diffuse cortical projection. glial proliferation observed in Nissl-stained serial The agranular area 6 receives projections from sections of the thalamus. -
Diencephalon Diencephalon
Diencephalon Diencephalon • Thalamus dorsal thalamus • Hypothalamus pituitary gland • Epithalamus habenular nucleus and commissure pineal gland • Subthalamus ventral thalamus subthalamic nucleus (STN) field of Forel Diencephalon dorsal surface Diencephalon ventral surface Diencephalon Medial Surface THALAMUS Function of the Thalamus • Sensory relay – ALL sensory information (except smell) • Motor integration – Input from cortex, cerebellum and basal ganglia • Arousal – Part of reticular activating system • Pain modulation – All nociceptive information • Memory & behavior – Lesions are disruptive Classification of Thalamic Nuclei I. Lateral Nuclear Group II. Medial Nuclear Group III. Anterior Nuclear Group IV. Posterior Nuclear Group V. Metathalamic Nuclear Group VI. Intralaminar Nuclear Group VII. Thalamic Reticular Nucleus Classification of Thalamic Nuclei LATERAL NUCLEAR GROUP Ventral Nuclear Group Ventral Posterior Nucleus (VP) ventral posterolateral nucleus (VPL) ventral posteromedial nucleus (VPM) Input to the Thalamus Sensory relay - Ventral posterior group all sensation from body and head, including pain Projections from the Thalamus Sensory relay Ventral posterior group all sensation from body and head, including pain LATERAL NUCLEAR GROUP Ventral Lateral Nucleus Ventral Anterior Nucleus Input to the Thalamus Motor control and integration Projections from the Thalamus Motor control and integration LATERAL NUCLEAR GROUP Prefrontal SMA MI, PM SI Ventral Nuclear Group SNr TTT GPi Cbll ML, STT Lateral Dorsal Nuclear Group Lateral -
Studies on Ti&Diencephalon of the Vir'i' 4Nia Opossum
STUDIES ON TI&DIENCEPHALON OF THE VIR'I' 4NIA OPOSSUM PART 11. THE FIB,,RiC70NNECTIONS IN NORMAL AND EXPP MENTAL MATERIAL' LAVID BODIAN National Research Coq :,'gFeJlow in Medicine, Laboratory of Comparative N6dro1ogyl Depart3 ,# of Anatomy, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbo., and the Department of Anatomy, Thq,gniueraity of Chicago, Illinois THIBTI-'*.INPLATES (TWENTY-SIX FIGURES) CONTENTS Introduction ..... .............................................. 208 Material and methods.. .................. ..................... 209 Internal capsule and tha. mie radiations ................................ 210 Dorsal thalamic eommisswes and internal medullary lamina. .............. 213 Supraoptic decussations ................................................ 215 Connections of the dorsal thalamus.. ................................... 223 Anterior nuclear group. ............... ........... 223 Medial nuclear group ............................................. 224 Midline and commissural nuclei. ... ............... 227 Lateral nuclear group ............................................. 230 Ventral nuclear group and medial lemniscus.. ........................ 231 Geniculate nuelel and associated optic and auditory nuclei of the di- mesencephal I: junction. Tecto-reuniens fiber systems. ............ 233 The optic tracts and nucleus opticus tegmenti.. ...................... 237 Conriections of the ventral thalamus. ....... ............... 239 Zona incerta .................................................. Nucleus genic! +us lateralis ventralis. -
Habenula Deep Brain Stimulation for Intractable Schizophrenia: a Pilot Study
NEUROSURGICAL FOCUS Neurosurg Focus 49 (1):E9, 2020 Habenula deep brain stimulation for intractable schizophrenia: a pilot study Yuhan Wang, MS,1 Chencheng Zhang, MD, PhD,1 Yingying Zhang, MSc,1 Hengfen Gong, MD,2 Jun Li, PhD,1 Haiyan Jin, MD,3 Dianyou Li, MD, PhD,1 Dengtang Liu, MD, PhD,4 and Bomin Sun, MD, PhD1 1Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; 2Department of Psychiatry, Pudong Mental Health Center, Shanghai; 3Department of Psychiatry, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; and 4First-episode Schizophrenia and Early Psychosis Program, Division of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China Schizophrenia is a psychiatric disorder associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Although antipsychotic medications and electroconvulsive therapy can be used to manage the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia, a substantial portion (10%–30%) of patients do not clinically respond to these treatments or cannot tolerate the side effects. Recently, deep brain stimulation (DBS) has emerged as a promising safe and effective therapeutic intervention for various psychi- atric disorders. Here, the authors explore the utility of DBS of the habenula (HB) in the clinical management of 2 young adult male patients with severe, chronic, and treatment-resistant schizophrenia. After HB DBS surgery, both patients experienced improvements in clinical symptoms during the first 6 months of treatment. However, only 1 patient retained the clinical benefits and reached a favorable outcome at 12-month follow-up. The symptoms of the other patient sub- sequently worsened and became so profound that he needed to be hospitalized at 10-month follow-up and withdrawn from further study participation. -
Modulation of Fibers to Motor Cortex During Thalamic DBS in Tourette Patients Correlates with Tic Reduction
brain sciences Article Modulation of Fibers to Motor Cortex during Thalamic DBS in Tourette Patients Correlates with Tic Reduction Pablo Andrade 1,* , Petra Heiden 1,2, Moritz Hoevels 1, Marc Schlamann 3, Juan C. Baldermann 4,5, Daniel Huys 4 and Veerle Visser-Vandewalle 1 1 Department of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Cologne, 50397 Cologne, Germany; [email protected] (P.H.); [email protected] (M.H.); [email protected] (V.V.-V.) 2 Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Cologne, 50397 Cologne, Germany 3 Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Cologne, 50397 Cologne, Germany; [email protected] 4 Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Cologne, 50397 Cologne, Germany; [email protected] (J.C.B.); [email protected] (D.H.) 5 Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Cologne, 50397 Cologne, Germany * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +49-221-478-82737; Fax: +49-221-478-82824 Received: 12 April 2020; Accepted: 11 May 2020; Published: 15 May 2020 Abstract: Probabilistic tractography in Tourette syndrome (TS) patients have shown an alteration in the connectivity of the primary motor cortex and supplementary motor area with the striatum and thalamus, suggesting an abnormal connectivity of the cortico-striatum-thalamocortical-pathways in TS. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the centromedian nucleus–nucleus ventrooralis internus (CM-Voi complex) in the thalamus is an effective treatment for refractory TS patients. We investigated the connectivity of activated fibers from CM-Voi to the motor cortex and its correlation between these projections and their clinical outcome.