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The Neuroanatomical Connections and Somatotopic Organization of the Posterior Nuclear Complex of the Rat Thalamus

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The Neuroanatomical Connections and Somatotopic Organization of the Posterior Nuclear Complex of the Rat Thalamus Loyola University Chicago Loyola eCommons Dissertations Theses and Dissertations 1985 The Neuroanatomical Connections and Somatotopic Organization of the Posterior Nuclear Complex of the Rat Thalamus E. Luke Bold Loyola University Chicago Follow this and additional works at: https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_diss Part of the Anatomy Commons Recommended Citation Bold, E. Luke, "The Neuroanatomical Connections and Somatotopic Organization of the Posterior Nuclear Complex of the Rat Thalamus" (1985). Dissertations. 2306. https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_diss/2306 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses and Dissertations at Loyola eCommons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Loyola eCommons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 License. Copyright © 1985 E. Luke Bold THE NEUROANATOMICAL CONNECTIONS AND SOMATOTOPIC ORGANIZATION OF THE POSTERIOR NUCLEAR COMPLEX OF THE RAT THALAMUS by E. LUKE/BOLp A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF LOYOLA UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY MARCH 1985 DEDICATION TO MY FAMILY ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank my advisor, Dr. E.J. Neafsey, for his patience, support, encouragement and unfailing guidance which made this work possible. Thanks are also due to the other members of the dissertation committee, Dr. A.J. Castro, Dr. T.s. Gray, Dr. C.J. Robinson, Dr. R.D. Wurster, and Dr. W.I. Welker, who collectively provided insightful and helpful comments to improve the manuscript. I would also like to acknowledge the technical experitse of Ms. Sue Ming Yang and Ms. Melanie Relfson for their time in helping me to prepare the figures and slides. Finally, thanks to all members of the Department of Anatomy of Loyola University Medical Center for their support, suggestions and encouragement which contributed significantly to this work. iii VITA The author, E. Luke Bold, was born on March 29, 1955 in Hammond, Indiana. His secondary education was obtained at Chaminade College Prep in St. Louis, Missouri and Loyola Academy in Wilmette, Illinois, which he graduated from in June of 1973. In September of 1973 he entered Lawrence University in Appleton, Wisconsin and graduated magna cum laude with a Bachelor of Arts degree in Biology and Chemistry in June of 1977. In July of 1977, he took a position as a research assistant at Children's Memorial Hospital in Chicago, Illinois and worked in the Department of Neurology. In July of 1979, he entered the Anatomy Department of the Graduate School at Loyola University of Chicago. In May of 1982 he received a Master of Science degeree in Anatomy. In June of 1982 he was awarded a Basic Science Fellowship. He is member of the Society for Neuroscience, American Association of Anatomists, and Sigma Xi. In April of 1985 he will begin a post-doctoral fellowship in the Department of Anatomy of Loyola University under the supervision of Dr. Anthony J. Castro. The author is married to Margaret Dwyer Bold. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS DEDICATION ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• iii VITA ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• iv LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• vii LIST OF FIGURES • ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• ~ •••• x CHAPTER I. Introduction ••••••.•.•.•••••••••••••••••••••• l II. Review of Related Literature ••••••••••••••••• s III. Experiments ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 21 A. Cytoarchitecture of the Dorsal Thalamus of the Rat ••••••••••••••••••••• 21 1. Introduction ••••••••••••••••••••• 22 2. Materials and Methods •••••••••••• 22 3. Results •••••••••••••••••••••••••• 23 4. Discusslon ••••••••••••••••••••••• 30 5. Figures •••••••••••••••••••••••••• 32 B. The Afferent Input to the Thalamic Posterior Complex in the Rat. A study using retrograde fluorescent tracing techniques •••••••••••••••••••••• 38 1. Introduction ••••••••••••••••••••• 39 2. Materials and Methods •••••••••••• 41 3. Results •••••••••••••••••••••••••• 45 4. Discussion •••••••••••••••.••••••• 54 5. Figures .• •..•..•.••.•...•...•.... 64 C. A Comparison of Thalamic Afferents to the Rostral and Caudal Motor Areas of the Rat •••••••••••••••••••••••• 79 1. Introduction ••••••••••••••••••••• 80 v 2. Materials and Methods •••••••••••• 82 3. Results •••••••••••••••••••••••••• 85 4. Discussion ••••••••••••••••••••••• 99 5. Figures ••••••••••••••••••••••••• 106 D. A Comparison of Thalamic Projections to Primary and Secondary Somatosensory Areas in the Rat ••••••••• 126 1. Introduction •••••••••••••••••••• 127 2. Materials and Methods ••••••••••• 129 3. Results ••••••••••••••••••••••••• 133 4. Discussion •••••••••••••••••••••• 148 5. Figures ••••••••••••••••••••••••• 161 E. The Topography of Dorsal Column Nuclear Projections to Sensorimotor Cortex Through the Thalamic Posterior Nuclear Complex in the Rat ••••••••••••• 195 IV. Summary and Conclusions ••••••••••••••••••••• 205 v. Bibliography •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 214 vi Anatomical Abbreviations Cortical Areas AC - anterior cingulate cortex Agl - agranular lateral frontal cortex AgM - agranular medial frontal cortex AI - primary auditory cortex CLi - isocortical claustral cortex CLpc - periallocaortical claustral cortex CLpri- proisocortical claustral cortex IL - infralimbic cortex PL - prelimbic cortex Prpi - prepiriform cortex Rsag - retrospenial agranular cortex Rsg - retrosplenial granular cortex SI - primary somatosensory cortex SII - secondary somatosensory cortex 17 - primary visual cortex 18 - secondary visual cortex Diencephalic Areas AD - anterior dorsal thalamic nucleus AM - anterior medial thalamic nucleus AV - anterior ventral thalamic nucleus BSC - brachium of superior colliculus Cem - central medial thalamic nucleus CL - central lateral thalamic nucleus CP - cerebral peduncle F - fornix FR - fasciculus retroflexus GP - globus pallidus HC - habenular commissure IC - internal capsule ILN - intralaminar nuclei IV - interventicular nucleus LD - lateral dorsal thalamic nucleus LGD - dorsal nucleus of lateral geniculate LGV - ventral nucleus of lateral geniculate LH - lateral habenular nucleus LP - lateral posterior thalamic nucleus MD - mediodorsal thalamic nucleus MDpl- paralamellar part of mediodorsal nucleus ml - medial lemniscus mtt - mammilothalamic tract vii MV - medioventral thalamic nucleus OT - optic tract p - pineal pa - anterior pulvinar Pc - paracentral thalamic nucleus pf - parafascicular thalamic nucleus PO - posterior thalamic nucleus PRT - anterior pretectal nucleus PT - paratenial thalamic nucleus PV - paraventricular thalamic nucleus R - reticular thalamic nucleus Rh - rhomboid nucleus SG - suprageniculate thalamic nucleus Sm - submedial nucleus SM - stria medullaris sPf - subparafascicular nucleus t - gustatory (taste) thalamic nucleus VB - ventrobasal thalamic nucleus VL - ventrolateral thalamic nucleus VM - ventromedial thalamic nucleus VPL - ventroposterior lateral nucleus VPLc- caudal division of VPL VPLo- oralis division of VPL VPS - superior division of VPL ZI - zona incerta Brainstem Areas Cnf - cuneiform nucleus DMN - deep mesencephalic nucleus DN - dentate cerebellar nucleus DPB - dorsal parabrachial nucleus DR - dorsal raphe ECN - extern•l cuneate nucleus FC - fasciculus cuneatus FG - fasciculus gracilis GRF - gigantocellular reticular formation IC - inferior colliculus INC - interstitial nucleus of Cajal INT - interpositus cerebellar nucleus LC - locus coeruleus LDTg- lateral dorsal tegmental nucleus LVN - lateral vestibular nucleus MGD - dorsal nucleus of medial geniculate MGM - magnocellular nucleus of medial geniculate MGP - principal nucleus of medial geniculate mV - trigeminal motor nucleus viii MVN - medial vestibular nucleus NC - nucleus cuneatus NDk - nucleus of Darkschewitsch NPC - nucleus of posterior commissure NG - nucleus gracilis NLL - nucleus of lateral lemniscus NTS - nucleus and tract of solitarius PAG - periacqueductal gray Pbg - parabigeminal nucleus pc - posterior commissure PPTN- pedunculo-pontine tegmental nucleus PRF - pontine reicular formation RMg - raphe magnus nucleus RN - red nucleus RRF - retrorubral field RRN - retrorubral nucleus SC - superior colliculus SCP - superior cerebellar peduncle Snc - substantia nigra pars compacta SNr - substantia nigra pars reticulata spV - spinal trigeminal nucleus SVN - superior vestibular nucleus VII - facial motor nucleus Vp - principal trigeminal nucleus Vtr - spinal tract of the trigeminal nucleus VPB - ventral parabrachial nucleus I-IX- Rexed's laminae of the spinal cord ix LIST OF FIGURES CHAPTER II: 1. OUTLINE DRAWING OF THE INTERNAL ORGANIZATION OF THE MOTOR CORTEX (NEAFSEY ET AL., 1985) ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 18 2. OUTLINE DRAWING SHOWING THE CYTOARCHITECTONIC BORDERS OF THE SENSORIMOTOR CORTEX ••••••••••••••••• 20 CHAPTER III: A 1-9. PHOTOMICROGRAPHS OF THE NORMAL THALAMUS OF THE RAT, STAINED FOR CELLS WITH CRESYL VIOLET AND PROVIDE CYTOARCHITECTONIC CRITERIA FOR THALAMIC PARCELLATION •••••••••••••••••••••••••• 33 CHAPTER III: B 1. SCHEMATIC DRAWING SHOWING THE PLACEMENT OF DIENCEPHALIC INJECTION SITES •••••••••••••••••••• 65 2. PHOTOMICROGRAPHS OF THE INJECTION SITES DEPICTED IN FIGURE 1 ••••••••••••••••••••••••• 67 3. SOURCES OF PROJECTIONS TO A SMALL PO REGION INJECTED WITH DIAMIDINO YELLOW •••••••••••••• 69 4. SOURCES
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