1962 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-· HOUSE with respect to the weekly benefit amount By Mr. PRICE: PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS and limit the tax credits available to ·em­ H. Res. 720. Resolution authorizing the ployers in a State which does not meet Sl:l

EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS

Proposed Establishment of Ice Age more of our natural resources to meet the now in ·public ownership. Generally this needs of 186 million citizens; and undergoing would consist of land in the following areas: Scientific Reserve in Wisconsin other changes that literally reshaped the 1. Eastern area. (portions of the northern face of America. unit of the Kettle Moraine State Forest and In our race for progress, necessary though Campbellsport area): In this area, 17,000 EXTENSION OF REMARKS it is, we must not waste, destroy, or lose by acres would ultimately be required, 16,000 in O.P' negligence, significant features of our out­ the Kettle Moraine State Forest and 1,000 in of-door natural heritage. the Campbellsport area. Of this, 12,000 acres HON. ALEXANDER WILEY In Wisconsin, for example, -we possess are already acquired in the Kettle Moraine OF WISCONSIN unique and unequaled moraines; natural State Forest. formations, sculptured over 10,000 years ago IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES 2. Central area (portions of Devils Lake by glaciers of the lee age, of great geological, State Park): 2,500 acres is already included Monday, July 9, 1962 scientific, and historical significance. in Devils Lake State Park, and it is antici­ In 1958 and again in 1960, I introduced Mr. WILEY. Mr. President, the Na­ pated that an additional 1. •000 acres would legislation, a~ong with other members of be required. tional Parks Subcommittee of the House the Wisconsin delegation, for preserving our 3. Northwestern. area (portions of Chip­ . Committee on Interior and Insular Af­ moraines. Following these legislative pro­ pewa County): In this wilderness of more fairs today is holding hearings on bills posals the National Park Service conducted a than 300 lakes and swamps, 5,000 acres are As H.R. 7409 and H.R. 7236. 4-year survey. a result of the information already in county forest. An additional 5,000 The bills, if adopted, would create an obtained from the study the Advisory Board acres, for a total of 10,000 acres, would be on National Parks, Historical Sites, and required. ice age scientific reserve in Wisconsin. Monuments, unanimously endorsed the idea be 4. Related areas, subject to agreement be­ The· purpose would to preserve, of preserving these morain~ within the U.S. within ·our national park system, gla­ national park system. · tween the Secretary of the Interior and the cially sculptured .formations of great geo­ Earlier this year, the President's conserva­ State of Wisconsin: A total of 1,000 acres logical, scientific, and historical sig­ tion message to Congress also gave high pri­ is the maximum envisaged as needing to be ority to the project, as one of the 10 most acquired for such additional areas, which nificance. might include Sheboygan Marsh in Sheboy­ Over the weekend, I was privileged to urgently needed new areas for inclusion in the national park system. gan County, the Cross Plains area in Dane discuss the need for urgent action on As a result of these actions-and urgings County, the John Muir birthplace area in this legislation. I ask unanimous con­ by myself and other Members of Congress, ' Marquette County, Camp Douglas Buttes in sent to have excerpts of my. remarks the National Parks Subcommittee in the central Wisconsin, and Interstate Park in printed in the REcoRD. House of Representatives has scheduled St. Croix County. There being no objection, the excerpts hearings on the legislation for July 9. Even with speedy action the project, if were ordered to be printed in the RECORD) Naturally, I shall urge expeditious consid­ adopted as recommended by the Department as follows: eration of this measure. Unless there is of Interior, would require 2 years of further fast action, it will not be possible to get final planning. For this reason, it is extremely WILE"': URGES SPEEDUP ON NATIONAL MORAINE approval of this legislation during this ses­ important that every effort be made to get PARK sion of Congress. final approval during this session of Con­ (Excerpts of address by Senator .ALEXANDER In endorsing the project, the Department gress. WII;EY, Repub.Ucan, <;>f Wisconsin, over of the Interlor. however,.. made some recom­ In addition to preserving a significant fea­ Wisconsin radio stations, weekend of July mendations on the scope of the program. ture of our national landscape, the scien­ .7 and 8, 1962) As proposed, the -project, referred to as the tific reserve would be a great asset to our The Nation today is moving ahead agri­ Ice Age National Scientific Reserve, would tourist industry-now a major source of in­ culturally, industrially, utilizing more anc1 cover about 32,500 acres of which 20,000 are come for Wisconsin. 13038 . July ·9 Summary of National Defense modern foreign languages in the Nation's mine the greatest needs in foreign language public elementary and secondary s~~ools. instruction, to determine the best methods Education Act In addition, loans totaling f~.7 million of foreign language teaching, and to develop have been made to approximately ~80 private instructional materials such, as grammars,. elementary, an~ secondary schools for t~is readers, and dictionaries. EXTENSION OF REMARKS purpose. . . TECHNICAL TRAINING OF More than 15,000 public classrooms ha.ve Under the technical training program, both been remodeled under this program, and youth and adults are trained as highly skilled HON. CLEVELAND M. BAILEY more.than·4,000 new el_ectronic !anguage la~­ technicians in fields necessary for the na­ oratories have been constructed. Well over tional defense. Adults are generally workers OF WEST VIRGINIA half of the projects have been in small. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES who seek training for ·higher-level jobs or schools with less than 1,000 students, and who are brushing up on latest developments Monday, July 9, 1962 more than 90 percent of all local school dis­ in their fields. tricts has received funds for equipment to Attendance at extension classes for adult Mr. BAILEY. Mr. Speaker, under teach science, Some States report a doubling w:orkers reached 83,000 in 1961. More than leave to extend my remarks in the REc­ in enrollments in language classes in both 7,500 youth have already been trained as ORD, I include the following press release elementary and high schools, and increases in highly skilled technicians and graduated science and mathematics, enrollments are from the senior high school and postsecond- from the Department of Health, Educa­ general throughout tlle Nation. tion, and Welfare: -ary programs. It is estimated that more . More than half of the money lent to pri­ than 7,500 will complete their training by Nearly $600 million has already been ob­ vate schools has been used to teach science ~ the end of June. ligated under the National Defense Educa­ or modern languages for the first time in Total enrollments this year are ~ expected to tion Act for the education of American their history. exceed 150,000 in the technical training pro­ youth, it has been announced by Abraham . As a further boost, an additional $7.9 mil­ grams, an increase of 150 percent over the Ribicoff, Secretary of Health, Education, and lion in Federal funps enabled State educa­ first year of the program. Five thousand Welfare. tional agencies to increase their specialists women enrolled in area technical training This is part of an estimated billion-dollar in science, mathematics, and modern foreign programs, chiefly in the fields of data proc­ program authorized by Congress in 1958. languages from 33 in 1958 to well over 200 essing and computed programing, electronics, In making a report of progress under the by 1962. and mechanics. act in its · fourth working year, Secretary STUDENT LOANS Placements of most graduates are in Ribicoff emphasized the following achieve­ Approximately 350,000 undergraduate and defense-related employment. Jobs were ments: .Approximately 350,000 undergraduate graduate students in 1,450 colleges and uni­ readily found for the graduates-in some and graduate students have been enabled to versities have borrowed $225 million under States, there were not enough to fill the posi­ attend colleges and universities by borrowing the student loan program to continue their tions available: In one area, 600 students in some $225 million to help finance their edu­ education. The Office of Education fur­ data-processing techniques accepted jobs be­ cation; during the past 4 years, nearly $30"0 nished $202 million of this total. fore their graduation. Pay for high school million has been made available to elemen­ By June 30, 1962, about $5 million-five graduates who completed the additional 2- tary and high schools for strengthening in­ times the amount now due-will have been year courses in technical instruction, in the struction in science, mathematics, and repaid by students who have completed their first 28 States reporting, was as high as modern languages. These funds were sup­ college work. About one-fourth of the bor­ $7,200 and averaged $4,600. Pay for grad­ plied on a matching basis by the Federal Of­ rowers now paying off their student loans uates of the high school programs averaged fice of Education and the States; 17 million have become elementary or secondary school- $3,900. children in public and private secondary teachers. · The end product of the training course is schools have benefited from counseling and Grants have been made to 5,500 students the highly skilled technician whose knowl­ guidance testing service.s. under the graduate fellowship _program, de­ edge is of suffici~nt range to permit him to "Under the various programs of the Na­ signed to train college teachers to help meet shift with technological change. One exam­ tional Defense Education Act, courses of the current shortage. Thus far, $58:6 million ple of the departure from traditional occupa­ study important to careers in areas of cri.tical lias been obligated for this program-half of tional training is the new classification of manpower shortage have been . greatly which has been paid to th~ fellows and half welder-metallurgist, a dual skUl necessary to strengthened," Secre~ry Ribicoff said; "in to the 165 participating graduate schools to the welding trade because of the new alloys addition, millions of young people are being help establish or expand the graduate pro­ used in rocket and atomic submarine devel- helped to identify their talents and to grams in which the fellows are studying. , opment. ' develop their abilities in the directions bef?t Thus far, $32.4 million has been· made suited to them individually. This freedom LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT available to the States under this program. of choice is of extreme importance in our More than 11,000 elementary and high 'Matching on a 50-50 basis is required, but democratic society." school language teachers have gone back to in the first 3 years the States overmatclled "While a great deal more is needed to bring summer school at 218 recently established by about o~e-third. our schools to the high level of excellence we language institutes, to learn new teaching COMMUNICATION MEDIUMS seek," he added, "these and other programs methods and the use of new teaching ma­ under the National Defense Education Act are terials. To date, more· than $18.5 million Nearly $10 million has been obligated to helping our schools achieve a new quality has been obligated for improving language support 169 research projects to determine that represents a definite forward step for teachers' skills in this way. the most effective way of using television, our entire educational system." As another important phase of the lan­ radio, motion pictures, teaching machines, Highlights of developments under the Na­ guage development program under the act, tape recordings, and similar communications tional Defense Education Act are: 53 language and area centers have .been de­ mediums for educational purposes. Research veloped in colleges and universities for full­ grants are made upon recommendation of GUIDANCE, COUNSELING, AND TESTING the National Advisory Committee on New time study not only of· langua~es but of the The Office of Education has made $47.8 countries in which the languages are spoken. Educational Mediums. Nearly 60 have been million available to schools for guidance, · Enrollment in the 1960-61 academic year compieted. counseling, and testing programs, and local reached nearly 7,000. Approximately $6 mil­ Over $4 million has been obligated for schools are now employing the equivalent of lion has been obligated for this program. · getting into the schools information de­ 21,800 full-time guidance personnel, as com­ The modern languages taught in_the cen­ veloped by research. Altogether, 113 con­ pared with only 12,000 before the passage of ters are of major importance to government, tracts for this work have· been awarded. the act. More than 11,000 men· and women business, industry, and education in this have attended special institutes to train for country. Spoken collectively by about 1 bil­ professional careers in· counseling and guid­ lion people,' they include Arabic, Chinese, ance, or to improve their skills in these fields, Hindi-Urdu, Japanese, Portuguese, Russian, National Lottery of the Dominican at an estimated cost of $22.4 million. and Spanish, as well as other neglected lan­ As a result of these activities, 17 million gl,lages. The study of the countries involved Republic high school students have been given the op­ includes such courses as economics, history, portunity to take scholastic ability and achievement tests under special counseling and literature. EXTENSION OF REMARKS and guidance programs. · In addition, more than 1,600 graduate stu­ OF dents have been awarded fellowships for th~ S-CIENCE, MATHEMATICS, AND MODERN study of 62 languages, a large percentage of HON. PAUL A. FINO LANGUAGES them for study of languages of critical im­ OF NEW YORK The Office of Education and State educa­ portance to our national purposes. Sixty tional agencies, on a 50-50 matching basis, colleges and universities offer courses for IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES have earmarked approximately $300 million these students, and to date $8.8 million has Monday, July 9, 1962 for new laboratory and other equipment and been obligated. , minor remodeling of classrooms to improve As a first-time research effort, $10.4 million Mr. FINO. Mr. Speaker, I would like the teaching of science, mathematics, and has been obligated for 206 projects to deter- to tell the Members of this House about 1_ 9~2 GONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 13039 the national lottery of the Domjnican Senate added to House appropriationa-a chasing power at the bottom where such Republic. 2-to-1 ratio in favor of the body consistently increase of purchasing power is most advocating larger appropriations; lricreased This small nation derives great mone­ spending and -corresponding deficits: Now, needed and will, therefore, be a strong tary_benefit from its recognition of the therefore, be it stimulant to the national economy. fact that people like to gamble. Resolved, That in the interest of national I have set forth in my bill the revised In 1961, the .gross receipts of the Do­ economy and a sound dollar, a reduction in schedules of withholdings based on a minican national lottery came to over the high cost of living, and in the interest minimum $500 deduction. A study and $32 miliion. The Government's income, of equity between the two bodies of equal, a comparison of the proposed new sched­ some $8 million, was not earmarked for coordinate and coequal authority under the ules with the present schedules with a any particular project but was rather ap­ Constitution, the Committee on Appropria­ 10-percent standard deduction will dis­ tions of the House . of Representatives plied to the general fund of the treasury. suggests the appointment of a special com­ close the extent -of the savings that the Mr. Speaker, there are only 3 million mittee of the House Committee by the chair­ taxpayer will gain by the adoption of my people in this country which means that man thereof to confer immediately with a bill. the average personal expenditure on the similar special committee from the Senate I hope those who want to help the national lottery was about $10 but the Committee on Appropriations to consider, American taxpayer who finds it difficult per capita income in the Dominican Re-­ at the earliest possible date, any fair and to support himself and his children be­ public is approximately $300. If Ameri­ reasonable changes in appropriation con­ cal,lse of the high income tax will sup­ ference procedure indicated by the need of ·cans spent a similar share of their in­ the times, beginning with the current ses- port my bill. come on a national lottery, the gross sion; be it further · receipts of such a lottery would be well Resolved, That a copy of this resolution be in excess of $10 billion a year. What a transmitted to the chairman of the Senate tremendous help this would be to our . Committee on Appropriations and inserted in Great Lakes Shipping lncreas·es; U.S. overburdened American taxpayers. the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. Agreed to July 9, 1962. Share Fading Rapidly; Yet Nation's Leaders Refuse Action

Conference Procedure on Appropriation Tax Relief Now for the Small-Income EXTENSION OF REMARKS Bills OF Taxpayer and the Primary Residen- · HON. ALVIN E. O'KONSKI EXTENSION OF REMARKS tial Tenants Will Help Our Econ­ OF WISCONSIN OF omy IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HON. MICHAEL J. KIRWAN - Monday, July 9, 1962 / OF OHIO EXTENSION OF REMARKS OF Mr. O'KONSKI. Mr. Speaker, as usual IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES our Nation's leaders fiddle-faddle while Monday, July 9, 1962 HON. ALFRED E. SANTANGELO Rome burnS. The Department of Com­ merce has recommended against my bill Mr. KIRWAN. Mr. ·speaker, under OF NEW YORK IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES providing operating and construction consent granted, I include herewith the subsidies for Great Lakes shipping. This resolution of the Committee on Appro.:. Monday, July 9, 19~2 is a crippling blow to the Great Lakes · priations of the House relating -to the Mr. SANTANGELO. Mr. Speaker; I area. Already one steamship company question of conference procedure on ap- have introduced today a bill (H.R. 12438) on the Great Lakes has announced plans propriation bills: · which will give the Nation's legion of to liquidate its fleet. Others are soon U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATivEs COMMITTEE ON forgotten taxpayers tax· relief. I refer to follow. Unless our Nation's leaders APPROPRIATIONS RESOLUTION to those earning less than · $5,000 per wake up it will be the end of U.S. ship­ Whereas the Federal Government · has year and who file short -forms. I also ping on the Great Lakes with additional failed to live within its income in 26 of the refer to those who are the primary resi­ thousands of unemployed because of for­ last 32 years; and Whereas the national debt has been in­ dential tenants. eign competition. creased $32,100 million since the end of the My b111 w111 allow the short-form tax­ The Department of Commerce seem­ Korean war in 1953 with interest thereon payer a minimum $500 deduction in lieu ingly knows little of the facts of life on now approximating $17,690 every minute of ·the 10-percent standard deduction the Great Lakes. If they do know they of every day of the year; and computed in the tax schedules. The bill seemingly do not care what happens. I Whereas the buying power of the dollar, allows married couples who have an in­ want to serve notice here and now to the largely as a result of deficit spending, is less come of less than $10,000 a minimum Department of Commerce that the re­ than half that of the pre-World War II year deduction of $1,000 in lieu of the 10- of 1939; and sponsibility is clearly theirs. When Whereas the latest official cost-of-living percent standard deduction in the tax Great Lakes shippers and shipbuilders index now reaches a new all-time high of .schedules. throw in the towel, our Nation's leaders 129.1 percent of the 1947-49 base measuring It should be noted that this part of the can wring their hands with glee at their period; and bill reduces the tax only of persons with handiwork. These Nation's leaders Whereas since January 1, 1958, our na­ small incomes. seem completely unaware of what is hap­ tional gold holdings have declined by over The second part of the' bill gives need­ pening on the Great Lakes and seem­ $6,300 milUbn; and Whereas notwithstanding the highest tax ed relief to people who live on farms. It ingly care less. take in history, the Government has failed allows the primary residential tenant a Total Great Lakes shipping of iron·ore, ' to live within income in the post-Korean deduction of $500 or 40 percent of their coal and grain during May· of this year war period, primarily because of increased annual rental, whichever is less. Since was 5 million tons ahead of last year. spending for nondefense rather than defense 1932 people living in cooperatives have But at the same time American vessels purposes as shown by the 65 percent in­ been permitted to deduct their propor­ continued to lose ground. American crease in nondefense expenditure as against tionate share. of. the interest· and real sbips car.ried only 13 percent of the grain ·1 'percent increase in defense spending dur­ loaded. Foreign oceangoing ships car~ . ing the 1954-61 period; and estate taxes paid by the cooperative. Whereas during the past 10 years the · There is no reason why a person who ried 38 percent. Canadian !akers car­ Senate has raised the appropriation bills pays rent for an apartment should not ried a whopping 49 percent. This de­ above the amount passed by the House by be permitted a corresponding deduction. cline in American shipping on the Great approximately $32 billion; and This deduction for the primary resi­ Lakes has been going on each year and Whereas the inequitable practice of con­ dential tenant puts him in a position each month. Foreign ships and Cana­ ducting all conferences under the chairman­ roughly equivalent to that of a person dian ships are taking over almost com­ ship of a Senator gives the Senate· a dis­ pletely. Great Lakes shippers, unions, proportionate advantage, as evidenced by living in a cooperative ·or in a private the fact that in "the past 10 years the Senate home. shipbuilders, and workers are getting conferees have been able to retain $22 billion Since this bill will help the small­ more and more desperate and about to out of the $32 b1llion in increases which the income taxpayer, it will increase pur- throw up their arms in despair. 13040 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUS:t: July 9 The real tragedy is that the construc­ trists. This need must be met soon, or counterparts in the other body to complete tion~ . operational and "depreqiatfop sub­ there will be no American ships, ·sailors, the legislative processes on the pendlng ap­ sidies offered Canadian and foreign ves­ pr shipworkers on th~ Great Lakes. · propriation--- measures-under traditional and lthe wall by the hidden charges of the De­ today that recall the experiments of the We are privileged through the books to see partment of Agriculture in the sale of their Wright brothers and then came Lindbergh. the whole concept of world history up to the timber. You and I remember how when the "Lone present. We can see the rise and fall of I appreciate, Mr. Secretary, that you have Eagle" flew across the Atlantic all America civilizations, and we can see the changing an obligation to the people of the Nation went with him in spirit. patterns of human life, but let us not forget who own this timber, but that obligation is There were no municipal airports in those that we have been chosen as trustees of not one which requires you to put indus­ days. the "pearls of great price"-the great free­ tries out of business rather than meet for- It was the thinking man that brought doms of the American concept of govern­ . eign competition. As Mr. Ventling says, the forth and made possible the discovery of ment. The freedom of worship and the other thing that is putting them out of business fire, the invention of the wheel, and today freedoms; and let us know that they, too, is not the charge for the stumpage, but the the development of atomic power. It was can be lost. hidden charges of roads, and slash, and all the divine spark in man that caused him When I went to Washington 23 years ago, of the other requirements and demands to reach beyond his limitations. The poet Poland was free-Czecboslovakia, Bulgaril:t, made against the mills in the United States phrased it this way: "Man to rise' on step­ Rumania, 'the Baltic States were free--but which are not made against their competi­ ping stones o~ their dead selves to higher because they were in the same condition tors across the line in Canada. things." . that we were in, in 1941, at the time of Pearl It is time for the Department of Agricul- · And now this community recognizing the Harbor, their freedom went out the window. ture to climb down from its ivory tower and march of events, has gone to work. Work, Now what am · I getting at? Just this: become a little practical before it.is too late. There are three great issues, and we mu:st I. of course, as Edison said, "is what boosts the ' With kind regards~ I am impetus to progress." He. also said that not forget them. Sincerely yours, 1. Can we maintain the peace? If we E. Y. BERRY. "genius was 95 percent work." This airport represents the culmination of can't, the past will show us we can lose years of planning; of · cooperative work; of these pearls of great price. willingness to foot the b111 to meet needs of 2. If we maintain the peace, then we must this fine community. keep, this evil force called communism from Remarks Delivered by Senator Wiley In aviation-as other fields in this fast­ taking over the rest of the world. This is at the Dedication ·of the Municipal progressing era-accomplishment, too, is the some job. That is why we should be ·alert product of exploring, creative minds: . Un­ and not asleep. I repeat, as we were at Pearl Airport in Burlington, Wis. fettered by outworn, outmoded ideas; at­ Harbor. tuned to the needs of the times; w1lling to 3. If we can.maintain the peace and ward EXTENSION OF REMARKS create and/or support good ideas for progress. - off communism, then we must maintain the OF A real challenge for all of us, of whatever American free enterprise system. age, is to remain openminded-attuned to, I give you these issues to think about. HON. ALEXANDER WILEY and recognition of-great, worthwhile ideas. Civilization is a matter of ebb and flow. If we start from where the great thinkers have OF WISCONSIN There are those who talk about their years. Listen: We don't count years, unless there's left off-fill our minds with the safe, stabiliz­ IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES nothing else to count. 'rhe art of staying ing thoughts that have come to us from the Monday, July 9, 1962 yqung depends upon what is inside, in the thinkers-not the sophists-then we will mind, and the ,heart and· the spirit. have guidance. . . , _ . • Mr. WILEY. Mr. President, it was·my So today I bring you in conclusion the 'You ·have. heard it said1that "the fountain privilege yesterday to participate· in the of youth is within you.;' You remember thought'that I believe we· must never forge.t. ..dedication of the muri.icipal airport ·at Goethe, who was working in his 80's com­ I have stated before that we are trustees of Burlington, Wis. I left Washington on pleting "Faust," Titian was painting his a great trust--as t:Pe leading nation ,of earth. the early morning piane and ~ arrived at masterpieces at 98; Toscimini was conduct- As the nation t;h~t is entr11sted with pre.: .. ing his orchestras past 85, and Justice Holmes serving these. freedoms that I h~ve men­ Milwaukee, from where I drove to Bur­ tioned, we have got. to be sure that we keep lington. I had lunch and spent 2 pleas­ was writing Supr~me Court decisions at 90, and of course Edison was. busy in his lab­ our eyes on the goal. That we must ascer­ ant hours with the Lee Barney family, oratory at 84, and Benjamin Franklin was tain the dangers and take the steps that are . reminiscing on old days and renewing old helping to frame the American Co:t;>.stitution necessary tot· create a deterrent to an out­ memories. At 2 o'clock I made my talk at 80. break or a threat. A nation is no different at the municipal airport in Burlington. These men were not satisfied to live in a from an· indiviaual. It has been stated that "a ·leader is a self-starter. He plans and Then I returned to Milwaukee and from rut. As someone has said: "The beaten paths there :flew to Washington. I was back executes." So we must, as a n~tion, meet are for beaten men." Have we forgotten the headon the challenges in this period. . _in Washington a little after 8 in the Scripture: "They that wait upon the Lord Man must be adequate to face the prob­ evening. That in itself is an indication shall renew their strength. They shall lems· that lie is confronted with. How "does of the changing world in which we live. mount up with wings as eagles . . They shall he build adequacy? Well, fitst there's' a I made my talk in the presence of a run and not be weary. They shall walk and great law that says "perfect lqve casteth qut ' large concourse of people, arid had the not faint." . fear." You remember the old legend of the 13042 ·CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE July~ plague that went to'Ba-ghdad to kill5,000 peo­ frontier. In 1854 he married the daugh­ example of the contribution that na­ ple. Fifty thousand died inste!J.d, and when ter of General Burnett and settled in tionality made to the northern cause in the plague was questioned, it replied: "I Washington, D.C., where he was much ·the Civil War. It is only fitting that we killed 5,000 as I said I would, the others died Tecall the ~allant deeds of this man­ of fright." , , in demand as a speaker. . As we view the history of humanity, we Upon the outbreak of the Civil War, Gen. Wladimir .B. Krzyanowski-during realize there is no need for us· to be afraid he organized one of the first companies the current Civil War Centemiial . ob­ of new ideas, new theories, new philosophies. of Union soldiers and was soon given the servances. The thing for us to do is to analyze them. rank of captain by the War Office. Soon See those that are right and those that are after he became a colonel o'f the 58th wrong, but we must keep our dreams, never Infantry of New York, listed in official allow them to die. In other words, we must Washington Report keep the heart young and the expectations registers as "the Polish Legion." high, bearing in mind always that our big On June 2, 1862, the regiment had its job is to "live a life that leaps like a geyser," baptism by fire in the Battle of Cross EXTENSION OF REMARKS wrote Alexis Carroll, ."for those who drill Keys, Va. Colonel Krzyzanowski distin­ OF through the rock of inertia." guished himself ·by massing his men and Let me repeat, our America has been called leading them in the face of heavy rifle HON. BRUCE ALGER to the leadership of the free world and it is assault. Brigadier General Bohlen, com­ OF TEXAS up to you and me to get going and see to it IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES that we fall not in this great challenge. manding the troops at' Cross Keys, said Several weeks ago, I was called upon to in his report of the battle: Monday, July 9, 1962 dedicate a new courthouse in the city of The 58th met the enemy and drove him West Bend, and on that occasion I spoke back at the point of a bayonet. This regi­ Mr. ALGER. Mr. Speaker, under of the law which is America's inheritance ment behaved with great gallantry under leave to extend my remarks in the and the obligation of the citizen to main­ Colonel Krzyzanowski. RECORD, I include the following news­ tain that law ,because it was a heritage, that letter of July 7, 1962 : we mus~ not lose. · Let me repeat a few The regiment saw further action at [Washington report, by Congressman BRUCE words that I said on that occasion: "The Fox Ford, Sulphur Springs, Waterloo ALGER, Fifth District, Texas, July 7, 1962] · crux of the difference between freedom and Springs, Croveton, and the famous Bat­ INDEPENDENCE OR INTERDEPENDENCE-THE communism lies in liperty under law-that tle of Bull Run. During the last-named CHOICE, FREEDOM 01. REGIMENTATION is our most cherished treasure. This is the engagement, in which Union forces suf­ July 4, a great day for freedom-loving thing for which we die, if need be, but for fered a Serious defeat, Colonel Krzyza­ which we prefer to fight and live." Americans, commemorates the declaration I am happy to have had a part in this nowski and his regiment offered singular of freedom and independence of the United dedication ceremony-grateful, indeed, to resistance. States. On July 4, 1962, 186 years after the llave been privileged to meet with your dis­ In November 1862 Colonel Krzyzanow­ historic declaration which began the greatest tinguished group, and I am happy to com­ ski was appo~nted brigadier general of experiment in human freedom the world pliment the citizens of this fine county-the the New York Volunteers and com­ has ever known, the President of the United taxpayers, if you please-who have made States said, "But I will say here and now, on manded five regiments. His troops saw this day of independence, that the United possible this handsome structure. · . action at Chancellorsville on May 1, 1863, So, in my humble way, I assist in this States will be ready 'for a declaration of in­ dedication ceremony, dedicating this fine and distinguished themselves in battle. terdependence, that we will be prepared to municipal airport to the future use of the For his gallantry at Gettysburg, this discuss with a united Europe the ways and citizenry of this county and our Nation. Polish-born soldier was commended by means of forming a concrete Atlantic part­ Maj. Gen. 0. 0. Howard for "bravery, nership, a mutually beneficial partnership faithfulness, and efficiency in the dis­ between a new unioL now emerging in Eu­ rope and the old American Union formed charge of duty." here 175 ( 186 since 1776) years ago." Gen. Wladimir B. Krzyzanowski Following Gettysburg, General Krzy­ The role of the United States, freedom's zanowski and his men were transferred only hope, is all important to us at home to Tennessee where they fought in the and to freedom-loving people throughout the EXTENSION OF ~EMARKS Chattanooga and Rossville campaigns. world. We are the beacon light, the leader. OF During the rest of the war, the by now Are we freedom's leader because of inde­ famed Polish Legion held portions of pendence or interdependence? The answer HON. CLEMENT J. ZABLOCKI is clear-independence-of thought, and ac­ OF WISCONSIN . captured territory, and were mustered tion, never surrendered though we unite in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES out and discharged on October 1, 1865, at outward appearing interdependence as com­ . Nashville, Tenn. · munities and States. Qnly the United States Monday, July 9, 1962 Following the war, General Krzyzan­ has a Constitution undergirded by a clearly Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Speaker, today is . owsk.i served as an administrator in the defined Declaration of Independence, whose · newly acquired territory of Alaska. Later specific terms of individual independence the 128th anniversary of the birth of are spelled out in a Bill of Rights. Are we Gen. Wladimir B. Krzyzanowski, Polish­ he became a customs inspector, first in· now, in dealing with others who as nations American hero of the Civil War. Panama and then in New York City. have no such concepts or constitution, to Throughout the country, Americans of The general died on January 31., 1887, disr~gard OlJ.r rights in order to gain the Polish descent are celebrating the mem- · at 870 Lexington Avenue, New Yor~. seeming protection of interdependence? ory of this brave soldier; whose name is Because Krzyzanowski's name was Can we raise Qthers to our standard without enshrined forever with Polish heroes of difficult to pronounce-a faet which once instead only lowering ours to theirs? Can we share and help others or do we give and the Revolutionary War, Tadeusz · led to his confirmation as general being lose everything we hold dear in the giving Kosciuzko and Casimir Pulaski. held up by the Senate-he was popularly of our freedoms, form of society, and stand­ General Krzyzanowski was born in known as "Kriz." Historians have rated ard of ·uving? This is the u.s. prob­ 1824 in Roznowo, Poland, a country then him highly. Bruce Catton, Civil War lem posed by the President's speech. occupied by Germany. A first .cousin historian~ has stated that the gallantry The international problem has a twin at of Frederic Chopin, Krzyzanowski as a shown by the Polish Legion proved that home, a domestic · problem-inde.Pendence young student became the leader of a . "Krzyzanowski is as good an American qr-interdependence. · The course of the United States charted by group which used har.assing tactics name as Cabot." · President Kennedy, his Cabinet officers, and against the Germans. The future gen­ In . 1937, General Krzyzanowski's re- - other aids is a new one for the United States. eral was singled out as a conspirator by . mains were transferred with military · Sometimes, it is hard to discern by single the German Government. Forced to flee honors from a Brooklyn cemetery to pieces of legislation-but the picture is his native land, Krzyzanowski came to Arlington National Cemetery. President coming clearer as the various legislative bills the United States. Fr.anklin Delano Roosevelt broadcast a are reviewed as a whole, and the overall tribute to the Polish-American hero on objectives are outlined by the President and Arriving her.e in 1846 at the age of 22, his advisers. he began the task of learning English that occasion. Let's look at some of the statements of while finishing his education. As an It is little wonder, then, that Ameri-: the President's trusted and infiuential archi­ engineer he charted many miles of rail­ cans of Polish ancestry have hailed Gen­ tects of policy: (1) "Neither Russia nor the road lines into the expanding western eral Krzy~anowski as the outstanding United States is going to dominate this cen- 1962 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 13043 tury. To those who speak of a · victory or a won't be easy: (10) "The process of backing edly, arm ourselves with overpowering mili­ win policy in the cold war, neither of the into socialism in the contemporary world is tary strength, abandon not one whit of na­ great leading nations will win over the other. not so simple as it sounds." So there it is. tional sovereignty or religious belief and be Capitalism will not triumph over socialism. The U. s. News & World Report put it this as tough as we talk, asking no special favors Rather, the-victory will be one of men and way: (11) "A managed economy, with over­ and giving none. nations voluntarily cooperating under the all direction from Washington, is being pro­ -This is not similar to President Kennedy principles of the United Nations Charter. posed by President Kennedy. If Congress and his aids and this is totally d1ffez:ent, And we deeply believe this victpry will come agrees, there will be flexible taxes, flexible not in degree of .me-taoism, but in kind and on both sides of the Iron Curtain."-Dr. public works, flexible unemployment insur­ this, I am convinced, most Americans really Walter W. Rostow, State Department Coun­ .ance. There will be, in addition, control want and deserve and will have. This is the selor and Chairman of its Policy Planning over wages and prices by official persuasion, basis on which this Nation will survive to Board. And then to condition U.S. people not by law. Supply and cost of money will fulfill its destiny. · to accept this: "A strong educational cam­ be controlled as now.'' When you remem­ Americans take for granted their freedom­ paign will be needed to sell Congress and ber that this concept of the planned econ­ to do as they wish-work as they please­ the public if the proposals are given offi­ omy by Government was presented to West eat, sleep, play, dress, laugh, love, argue as cial sanction." (2) Now Solicitor General Germany by another adviser to President they like-to think, to pray, to rear and Archibald Cox: "There are some wage and ·Kennedy, Walter Heller, and flatly rejected educate their children, to join with others price changes which have such serious and by them, who instead chose free and pri­ in group endeavors or to walk alone in pre­ widespread consequences that the· public is vate enterprise to flourish, you realize how cious privacy. Glorying in rugged individ­ entitled to a voice in the process of decision. unable these men are in learning from ex­ ualism, attempting and accomplishing the I speak not of a Government veto, but sim­ perience. Yet this is not surprising since seemingly impossible, Americans can rightly ply of giving the Government an opportu­ they fail to recognize the ingredients and · scoff at anyone in their society yearning for nity to be heard as spokesman of the wider lessons of success in one great American Re­ a better life as they survey America's growth public interest while the decision is made." public-individual and economic freedom and free motivations. Mature citizens real­ At this point, the steel price control by from control and regimentation. istically accept life's vicissitudes, well know­ President Kennedy is covered plus any and The failure of President Kennedy and his ing that happiness can spring only from all Federal action in the Government setting · advisers to )lnderstand and apply the basic freedom to choose and self-determination. wages, (minimum wages, Davis-Bacon, concepts of constitutional freedom in our Walsh-Healey, etc.) and labor negotiations domestic economy and foreign affairs is by Presidential direction, in the name of be­ spelled out to our detriment in the legisla­ ing the people's voice. (3) Then to the fiscal tion: (1) Medical care under social security, side, Budget Director David E. Bell in a now being debated in the Senate. Medical _Congressman Clark MacGregor Reports speech in New York June 12 suggests, "bal­ care' is sought by President Kennedy as a Poll Results anced budget held peril to economy. * * * Federal, compulsory Government program; -Federal budget for next fiscal year too con­ (2) trade bill (see last week) giving President servative * * * the predicted budget sur­ carte blanche power·over industry as to for­ EXTENSION OF REMARKS plus, if achieved, might be so high as to eign competition and Federal subsidy to in­ OF risk contributing to a slowdown in the eco­ dustries and workers affected; (3) the tax nomic recovery." The Federal Government· bill-concessions or penalties by Executive HON. CLARK MacGREGOR is assumed ·to be the dominant factor and order; (4) the farm bill to completely OF MINNESOTA if not, must become so for the good of the dominate and destroy any freedom for :the · people. farmer, regimenting every phase of his work IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Further, on the domestic side, let's look and ownership of property. Monday, July 9, 1962 at the President's economists. Arthur To these'bills, add President Kennedy's J.:e­ Schlesinger says, and here's the Schlesinger quests for: (1) Aid to education for school Mr. .MAcGREGOR. Mr. Speaker, a blue print in his own words (CONGRESSIONAL construction and teachers' salaries; (2) aid recent experiment which I conducted in RECORD, July 2, 1962, pp. 1260~12610): (4) to transportation; (3) foreign aid; (4) the my, district has once again demonstrated "If socialism (i.e., the ownership -by the debt limit; (5) the gold outflow; (6) dis­ state of all significant means of production) armament policy; (7) foreign policy of inac­ the value of grassroots democracy and ·is to preserve democracy, it must be brought tion in Cuba and capitulation to the Com­ the enthusiasm with which citizens de­ about step by step in a ·way which will not munists in Laos, East Berlin and elsewhere. sire to participate in the governmental disrupt the fabric of custom, law, and mu­ Then remember the Supreme Court deci­ process. tual confidence upon which personal rights sions, including the recent ban on prayer in In response to a public opinion poll depend. That is, the transition must be our schools. What have you got? Two other which I sent to residents of my district in piecemeal; it must be parliamentary; it must men bear attention at this point: "We can­ May more than 16,000 individual citizens respect civil rights and due process of law." not expect the Americans to jump from have given me the benefit of their (5) "There seeins no inherent obstacle to the capitalism to communism but we can assist gradual advance of socialism in the United their elected leaders in giving Americans thoughts about issues currently being de­ States through a series of new deals." (6) small doses of socialism, until they sudden­ bated in Congress. "The classical argument against gradualism ly awake to find they have communism"- ~ A glance at the composition of the was that the capitalist ruling class would re­ ·Khrushchev. (Reread Schlesinger's blue­ Third Congressional ·District of Minne­ sort to violence rather than surrender its ·print.) From domestic, let's turn to foreign sota would quickly reveal to the observer prerogatives. Here, as elsewhere, the Marx­ policy. "The great rule of conduct for us, in that a poll of its residents would closely ists enormously overestimated the political regard to foreign nations, is in extending our approximate a poll of the entire Nation. courage and will of the capitalists. In fac~. ·commercial relations, to have with them .as in the countries where capitalism really tri­ little political connection as possible. So Represented in the district is virtually umphed, it has yielded with far better grace far as we have already formed engagements, every type of occupation, industry, and (i.e., displayed far more cowardice) than let them be fulfilled with perfect good faith. ethnic or religious grouping which might .the Marxist scheme predicted." (7) "The Here let us stop"-George Washington's be found anywhere in the Nation. mobilization of industry during the war pro­ Farewell Address. (Now, reread President The five-county district embraces rural vided more , experience; and the next de­ Kennedy's interdependence speech.) farm areas, thriving suburban communi­ pression will certainly mean a vast expan­ For my part, my disagreement with the sion in GO-vernment ownership and control. .President ..is twofold: (1) The President ties, and sections of one of the Nation's The private owners will not only acquiesce in clearly intends to alter our form of society largest cities, Minneapolis. Hardly any this. In characteristic capitalist panic, they and is not confiding in the American peo­ issue which arises in Congress .-does not will demand it." (8) "Government owner­ ple, but endeavoring to make the change-s bear directly upon the lives of many of ship and control can take many forms. The . piecemeal, maintaining an outer semblance my Third District constituents . ·indepenQ.ent public corporation, in the man­ of sameness; (2) those, including the Presi- Much faith -can ·be put in the- results ner. of TVA, iS_ one: State and municipal ·dent, who believe in reinterpreting the Con­ of this poll as closely reflecting the ownership can exist, alongside .Federal own­ stitution ~:~ond in adopting new basic concepts ership and tecbniques of the cooperatives are wrong_. opinion of all the people when questioned can be expanded; even the resources of regu­ I · believe U.S. strength is in its people who on the important issues of th.e day. lation have not been fully tapped/' The cherish and strive for (1) 1ndependence, not An occupational breakdown of those duplicity of hoodwinking the ·people is even interdependents, (2) leadership, not coequal responding to the poll demonstrates the acknowledged as he puts it this way: (9) status, (3) creating more wealth, not in broad base of opinions which are repre­ "The recipe for retaining liberty is, not ra­ merely sharing what we have, (4) by precept sented in the results. Of those who indi­ tionalization, but muddling through-a and example being uncommonly ingenious, cated their occupation me, percent secret long known to the British, as D. W. industrious, and thrifty. As a nation of such to 11 Brogan has put it, 'change anything except people we will lead, not follow, we will not were hourly employees, 29 percent sal­ the appearance of things.' " He a-dmits It ·try to buy friends, we will trade hardhead- aried, 20 percent businessmen, 17 percent CVIII-822 13044 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE July 9 professional, 2 percent farmers, 6 per­ This was my second annual legislative · 6. To equitably help the distributing and retailing cent housewives, 12 percent retired, and poll and the results were most gratify­ segments of the economy, would you favor, a law letting them deduct from net income a limited portion of the 3 percent indicated an occupation other ing. The poll, an exercise in democracy, cost of their inventories before arriving at their taxable than those listed above. provided one more avenue·by which the income? These respondents represent every sec­ citizen may participate in his system of tion of the district and every political self -government. Yes No Not sure attitude. By attempting to secure the A sense of awareness and a feeling of broadest feasible coverage I feel sure participation is a critical need in these that we have the opinions of people from crucial years when representative gov­ Percent._---_------45.4 32.6 22.0 every walk of life. ernment is under attack. For this rea­ 7. Do you favor the tax proposal curre~tly before Con­ Volunteers assisted throughout the en­ son, if for no other, I am encouraged to gress which would" withhold" a flat 20 percent of income tire project by addressing the question- · study the returns of this poll. It makes from interest and dividends? naires to telephone subscribers through­ me keenly aware of the privilege I en­ out the district and then volunteers joy in serving in the U.S. Congress as the Yes No Not tabulated the responses. Representative of the people of Minne­ sur~ Several newspapers very kindly printed sota's Third District. ------1------the questionnaire in their ·regular edi­ The results of my second annual leg­ Percent. ___ ------20.7 73.1 6.2 tions and from this source many addi­ islative poll are as follows: - 8. Should the Oongress give to the President sta~dby tional persons relayed their opinions to ANNUAL LEGISLATIVE QUESTIONNAIRE OF authority to start up to $2,000,000,000 worth of public works projects? me. _ CoNGRESSMAN CLARK MACGREGoR Frequently respondents indicated to 1. Do you think Congress should give the President . Yes. No Not me that it is difficult to cast a simple and his advisers a veto power over private decisions sure "yes" or "no" answer to questions as ·relating to prices, wage rates, and· rent charges? :• " complex as those proposed to Congress. ------~~--~~-!------I agree wholeheartedly with them. When Yes No Not Percent._------22.9 67.8 9.3 I prepared the questions I realized that sure they might be open to different interpre- ----_- . --. ---1------9. Article I, paragraph 8, of the Constitution gives to t 1o 7 8 Congress the power "to lay and collect taxes." Should tations and that more detailed informa- P ercen ------· 5· 1 4· 2 the Congress give the President standby authority to tion would be helpful. ' ______:______:_ ____:___ cut income taxes? Many issues could· not be covered in 2. Is it all right for the President to exercise the power ------;~----:----,--- appropriate detail nor could the many referred to above, in the absence of congressional action, Yes No Not ramifications always be shown. But :U~tnd~~is1;~~~es the "public interest" is damaged by . sure here in the House of' Representatives · ------when the roll is called, one must decide Yes No Not · Percent______21. 7 70· 4 7· 9 to vote either "aye" or "nay" regardless sure ------,---1------10. Are you generally in favor pf the current congres· of the qualifications he might wish to sional proposals to authorize the purchase of up to add to the question at hand. Percent______-----_ 21.3 70.3 8. 4 $100,000,000 worth of United Nations bonds? Glancing at the results of the poll one immediately realizes that the American 3. Should our electoral college system of electing a · Yes No Not public is becoming alarmed with the President and Vice President be changed so as to more sure rapid transfer of power t6 the executive accurately reflect the popular vote? _____,;,_,;__;_ " _""---0:....:.,..:.__1------Percent• • ____ : ______: _ ~ ------37. ,3 44.5 18.2 ~=~ho~~~~ ~:P~~~:;~~re~~~~tf~est~~ - Yes No ~~! 11. Do you favor financing tbe necessary costs of grow­ Congress. -'~' ---- ing national defense budgets..by; Equaling public alarm about south- : P~r~enL. : ----- ; - ~------84: 3 10.0 ' 5. _7 (a) Higher taxes? or east Asia policy is a noteworthy disap'- Yes No proval of increased nondefense Govern- 4_ Do you favor Federal grants matching those. of ment spending programs. Contrary to State and local governments, for building community what we are sometimes told the public fallout shelters in hospitals, schools, and other public Percent. ___ ------__ _ 35.2 64.8 desires, the results of this poll clearly buildings? · show an uncertainty over economic con­ (b) Deficit spending? or Yes No Not ditions-the public pulse calls for cau­ sure .tion, not confusion. ------1------Yes No · The legislative · questioimaire itself Percent______27.3 61.1 11.6 Percent. ______. _ prov.ide~d columris for both "His" and 17.6 82.4 "Hers" an8wers- --which _afforded even 5. Almost everyone agrees that some form of tax ad­ (c) Reduced spending on nondefense programs. more members of the family ro·share -in ~ justmen,t !DUSt be made to encourage capital investment, an expression of opinion. A blank space stimulate economic grQV(tb-' and provide new jobs. Do was available for comments and a sur­ you favor achieving this tbi'ongb:· . Yes No prising number of persons expanded and (a) ·A credit against taxes of 7 or 8 percent orthe ·eost _ to business and industry of new productive equipment? Percent: _:.:. __ '"#·_-.:: ______-----~ ____ _ 87.3 12.7 elaborated more fully their views on the or respective questions. ·· 12. In South Vietnam we ~re giving 'stron·g military i was deeply -interested in .reading the ' ; Yes No ·and economic aid to a government committed to defeat commenU; about issues of serious·· con'-·, -~----_:;_-~;__:_~'--1--- --­ .communist subversion and aggression; in neighboring Laos we are withholding aid so as to move a friendly gov­ cern to Third District citizens. A most 53.1 46.9 ernment into a coalition with Communist and neutralist revealing observation related to the factions. Do you approve of these Kennedy adminis­ tration policies in: King-Anderson medicare proposal. (b) A more rapid and flexible tax writeoff (deprecla- .. (a) South Vietnam? surveye~ -tion) of the cost of this neyv equipment? or · In a November 1961 poll I had ; . ~· the district on the subject of medical care Yes No Not and hence felt such a testing of opinion Yes No sure was still sufficiently valid so that I could ------1------Percent... ______touch upon issues not covered in the ear- Percent______76.1 23.9 64.7 17.7 17.6 lier poll. ' (b) Laos? But a large number of persons wished (c) Using both (a) and (b) above. to express an opinion on the subject so Yes No Not I tallied those so commenting and found Yes No sure that 21 percent favored the King-An- . 32. ,f Percent______derson compulsory social security ap- Percent--.:------·----- 8'1. 6 19.4 64.5 ' 26.1 proach but 79 percent opposed thi~ bill.