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American Magazine The American HORTICULTURAL Magazine spring 1970 / volume 49 / number 2 Journal of the American Horticultural Society, Inc. 2401 CALVERT STREET, N.W. / WASHINGTON, D. c. 20008 For United Horticulture . The particular objec.ts and business of the American Horticultural Society are to promote and encourage national in·terest in scientific research and education in horticulture in all of its branches. 1969-1970 EXEOUTIVE COMMI'TTEE* President Secretary MR. FRED C. GALLE (1970) MRS. FRANCIS PATTESON-KNIGHT (1970) Director of Horticulture Hidden Acres Callaway Gardens 8607 Tebbs Lane Pine Mountain, Georgia 31822 McLean, Virgini.a 22101 Treasurer and Immediate Past President First Vice President MR. JOHN H. WALKER (1970) DR. DAVID G. LEACH (1970) Execu.tive Director 1674 Trinity Road The Society of American Florists North Madison, Ohio 44057 901 North Washington Street Alexandria, Virginia 223-14 Second Vice President DR. NEIL W. STUART (1970) Member of the Board Plant Physiologist DR. HAROLD B. TUKEY, SR. (1970) Crops Research Division Professor Emeritus Agricultural Research Service Michigan State University U. S. Department of Agriculture The Maples Beltsville, Maryland 20705 Woodland, Michigan 48897 Assistant Treasurer Assistant Secretary MR. GLENN B. EASTBURN MRS. ELIZABETH G. EASTBURN Finance Officer Executive Director Washington, D. C. Washington, D. C. • Mem.bers of the 1969·70 Board of Directors per bylaw provision. THE AMERICAN HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE is the official publication of The American Horticultural Society and is issued during the Winter, Spring, Summer, and Fall quarters. The magazine is included as a benefit of membership in The American Horticultural Society, individual membership dues being $15.00 a year. THE AMERICAN HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE is devoted to the dissemination of knowledge in the science and art of growing ornamental plants, fruits, vegetables, and related subjects. Original papers which increase knowledge of plant materials of economic and aesthetic importance are invited. For manuscript speCifications, please address the chairman of the Edi­ torial Committee. Second class postage paid at Baltimore, Maryland and at additional mailing offices. Copy­ right © 1970 by The American Hortioultural Society, Inc. The opinions ex.pressed in the articles wh~ch appear in The American Horticultural Magazine are those of the authors and are not necessarily Vhose of It"he Sotiety. They are presented as contributions to contemporary thought. 1969-1970 BOARD OF DIRECTORS MR. VINCENT K. BAILEY, (1971) MR. SRIAN O. MULLIGAN, (1971) DR. HAROLD B. TUKEY, SR., Public Relations Director (1971) Bailey Nurseries, Inc. University of Washington Professor Emeritus 1~25 Bailey Road Arboretum Michigan State University St. Paul, Minnesota 55119 Seattle, Washington 98105 The Maples Woodland, Michigan 48897 MRS. ERNESTA D. BALLARD, MR. R. HENRY NORWEB, JR ., (1970) (1970) Director, Pennsylvania Horti- Director MR. EARL E. VALLOT, (1972) cultural Society Holden Arboretum Owner.,Manager 325 Walnut Street Sperry Road Grandview Nursery Philadelphia, Pennsylvania I!H06 Mentor, Ohio 44060 R . F. D. Box 44 MRS. ERASTUS CORNING, II, MR. JOHN M. PATEK, (1972) Youngsville, Louisiana 70592 (1972) President Box 431 Color Data, Incorporated Albany, New York 12201 434 Mount Airy Drive MR. NATHANIEL WHITnER, MRS. JULIAN W. HILL, (1970) Rochester, New York 14617 (1970) 1106 Greenhill Avenue Bridge Street MR. WILLI AM A. P. PULLMA N, Medfield, Massachusetts 02052 Wilmington, Delaware 19805 (1972) MR. EDWARD P. HUME, (1971) 700 Mayflower Road Horticulturist Lake Forest, Illinois 60045 DR. FRED B. WIDMOYER, (1972) Southern Illinois University DR. LEON C. SNYDER, (1972) Head, Department of Edwardsville, Illinois 62025 Head Horticulture DR. LOUIS B. MARTI N, (1970) Department of Horticultural New Mexico State University, Director Science Box 5·30 Brooklyn Botanic Garden University of Minnesota Las Cruces, New Mex ico 88001 1000 Washington Avenue St. Paul, Minnesota 55101 Brooklyn, New York 11225 DR. NEIL W. STUART, (1971) DR. DONALD WYMAN , (1970) DR. FREDERICK G. MEYER, (197 1) Plant Physiologist Horticulturist Research Botanist in Charge Crops Research Division The Arnold Arboretum of of Herbarium Agricultural R esearch Service Harvard University U. S. National Arboretum U. S. Department of Agriculutre Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts Washington, D. C. 20002 Belts\'ille, Maryland 20705 021 30 PAST PRESIDENTS OF THE SOCIETY Per bylaw provision (1969), past presidents of the Society are members of the Board of Directors-ex officio and without vote. DR. FRED O. COE DR. DAVID VICTOR LUMSDEN DR. FREEMA N A. WEISS (Presiden t 1949-1952) (President 1942-1947) (President 1952-1953) P. O. Box 697 3296 Gleneagles Drive 1240 Raymond Way Ross , California 94957 Silver Sp·ring, Maryland 20906 Charleston, South Carolina 29407 DR. DONOVAN S. CORRELL DR. RUSSELL SEIBERT (President 1956-1957) .J. (President 1963-1965) DR. RICHARD P. WHITE Texas Research Foundation Director, Longwood Gardens (President 1960-1961) Renner, Texas 75079 Kennett Square, Pennsylvania 5367 28th Street N. W. 214-235-6451 19348 Washington, D. C. 20015 DR. JOHN L. CREECH (president 1953-1956) DR. HENRY T . SKINNER New Crops Research Branch, (Presiden t 1962-1963) MR. WILBUR H. YOUNGMAN Plant Industry Station, Director, U. S. National (President 1947-1948) U. S. Department of Agriculture Arboretum 12808 Meadowood DTive Beltsville, Maryland 20705 Washington, D. C. 20002 Silver Spring, Maryland 20904 1969-1970 EDITORIAL COMMITTEE Chairman: Dr. Lorenzo F. Kinney, Jr., Professor Emeri­ Dr. Frederick G. Meyer, Botanist in Charge tus, University of Rhode Island, 1213 of the Herbarium, U.S. National Arboretum, Kingston Road, Kingston, Rhode Island Washington, D. C. 20002 02881 Dr. George H. M. Lawrence, Director, Hunt Vice ChaiTman: Botanical Library, Carnegie-Mellon Univer­ Mrs. Elsa Uppman Knoll, Senior ~dito: , sity, Pittsbu.rgh, Pennsylvania 15213 Sunset Magazine, Menlo Park, Cahforma Dr. Edwin A. Menninger, Horticultural Au­ 94025 thor, Plant Explorer, Drawer 45, Stuart, Florida 33494 COj'e Editon: National CajJital Area Mr. Elvin McDonald, Garden Editor, House Dr. J. T. Baldwin, Jr., Professor of Biology, Beautiful, 717 Fifth Avenue, New York, New College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, York 10022 Virginia 23185 Dr. John L. Creech, Chief, New Crops Re­ Dr. F. L. Steve O'Rourke, Professor Emeri­ search Branch, Plant Industry Station, U .S. tus, Colorado State University, 2236 Frank­ Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Mary­ lin Road, Ft. Collins, Colorado 80521 land 20705 Mr. Victor H. Ries, Professor Emeritus, Ohio Dr. L. L. Danielson, Leader, Weed Investi­ State University, 1241 Lincoln Road, Co· gations, Agricultural Research Service, U .S. lumbus, Ohio 43212 Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Mary­ Dr. Sigmund L. Solymosy, Professor of Hor­ land 20705 ticulture, Department of Plant Industry, Mr. Robert B. Fisher, Horticulturist, The University of Southwestern Louisiana, La­ Mount Vernon Ladies Association, Mount fayette, Louisiana 70501 Vernon, Virginia 22 121 Mr. Robert L. Ticknor, Associate Professor Mr. Anthony R. Gould, Newsletter Editor, of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Men's Garden Club of Montgomery County, Aurora, Oregon 97002 6613 Elgin Lane, Bethesda, Maryland 20034 Dr. Harold B. Tukey, Sr., Professor Emeri· Dr. Conrad B. Link, Professor of Horticul­ tus, Michigan State University, The Maples, ture, Universi.ty of Maryland, College Park, Woodland, Michigan 48897 Maryland 20742 Dr. Donald P. Watson, Chairman, Depart. Mr. Tom Stevenson, Washington Post-Los ment of Horticulture, University of Hawaii, Angeles Times News Service, Garden Col­ Honolulu, Hawaii 96822 umnist, 6900 Mornington Road, Baltimore, Dr. Fred B. Widmoyer, Head, Department of Maryland 21222 Horticulture, New Mexico State University, Miss Mary Stock, Landscape Architect, Stock Box 530, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88070 Brothers Nursery, 10500 Boswell Lane, Rock­ Mr. Joseph A. Witt, Assistant Director, Uni­ ville, Maryland 20854 versity of Washington Arboretum, Seattle, Dr. Neil W. Stuart, Plant Physiologist, Crops Washington 98105 Research Division, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Contributing Editors: Foreign Bel tsv ille, Maryland 20705 Dr. William A. Cununing, Head, Orna­ Mr. Wilbur H. Youngman, Garden Editor, mentals and Fruit Crop Section, C.D.A. Re­ The Washington Star, 12808 Meadowood search Station, P.O. Box 30001, Morden, Drive, Sil ve r Spring, Maryland 20904 Manitoba, Canada Mr. Edmund de Rothschild, International ContTibuling Editors: United States Banker and Horticulturist, P.O. Box 185- Dr. John P. Baumgardt, Landscape Con­ New Court, St. Swithin's Lane, London E.C. sultant, 3431 East 60th Street, Kansas City, 4, England Missouri 64130 Dr. Walter H. Hodge, Head, Science Liaison Dr. R. Milton Carleton, Research Director, Staff, National Science Foundation, c/o Growth Systems, Inc., Glenview, Illinois American Embassy, Tokyo, Japan 60025 Mr. Julien Marnier-Lapostolle, Associate Dr. Fred W. Coe, Amateur Horticulturist, Member of the Museum of Paris; Pro­ Box 697, Ross, California 94597 prietaire, Jardin Botanique "Les Cedres," Mrs. Erastus Corning, II, Amateur Horticul­ St. Jean, Cap Ferrat, France (A .M.) turist, Box 431, Albany, New York 12201 Mr. Tor G. Nitzelius, Curator, Gothenburg Dr. Robert L. Egolf, Student Health Serv­ Botanic Garden, Gothenburg, Sweden ice, University of South Florida, Tampa, Mr. Lanning Roper, Garden Editor, Sunday Florida 33620 London
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