E 1

For the mathematical constant, see e (mathematical constant). For other uses, see E (disambiguation). For technical reasons, "E#" redirects here. For E sharp, see E♯.

ISO basic Latin

Aa Bb Cc Dd

Ee Ff Gg Hh

Ii Jj Kk

Mm Nn Oo Pp

Qq Rr Tt

Uu Vv Ww Xx

Yy Zz

•• •• [1] • e

Cursive script 'e' and capital 'E'

E (named e /ˈiː/, plural ees)[2] is the fifth letter and a vowel in the ISO basic . It is the most commonly used letter in many languages, including: Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, French, German, Hungarian, Latin, Norwegian, Spanish, and Swedish. E 2

History

Egyptian Phoenician Etruscan Greek Roman/ hieroglyph E Epsilon Cyrillic ’ E

The Latin letter 'E' differs little from its derivational source, the Greek letter epsilon, 'Ε'. In etymology, the Semitic hê has been suggested have started as a praying or calling human figure (hillul 'jubilation'), and was probably based on a similar Egyptian hieroglyph that indicated a different pronunciation. In Semitic, the letter represented // (and /e/ in foreign words), in Greek hê became epsilon with the value /e/. Etruscans and Romans followed this usage. Although Middle English spelling used 'e' to represent long and short /e/, the Great Vowel Shift changed long /eː/ (as in '' or 'bee') to /iː/ while short /e/ (as in 'met' or 'bed') remained a mid vowel. .

Use in other languages In the International Phonetic Alphabet, /e/ represents the close-mid front unrounded vowel. In the orthography of many languages it represents either this or /ɛ/, or some variation (such as a nasalized version) of these sounds, often with (as: 〈e ê é è ë ē ĕ ě ẽ ė ẹ ę ẻ〉) to indicate contrasts. Less commonly, as in Saanich, E represents a mid-central vowel /ə/. Digraphs with 'e' are common to indicate diphthongs and monophthongs, such as 'ea' or 'ee' for /iː/ or /eɪ/ in English, 'ei' for /aɪ/ in German, and 'eu' for /ø/ in French or /ɔɪ/ in German.

Most common letter 'E' is the most common (or highest-frequency) letter in the (starting off the typographer' phrase ETAOIN SHRDLU) and several other European languages, which has implications in both cryptography and . In the story The Gold Bug by Edgar Allan Poe, a character figures out a random character by remembering that the most used letter in English is E. This makes it a hard and popular letter to use when writing lipograms. Ernest Vincent Wright's Gadsby (1939) is considered a "dreadful" novel, and that "at least part of Wright's narrative issues were caused by language limitations imposed by the lack of E."[3] Both Georges Perec's novel A Void (La Disparition) (1969) and its English translation by Gilbert Adair omit 'e' and are considered better works.[4]

Related letters and other similar characters • Ε ε : Greek letter Epsilon • Ɛ ɛ : Latin letter Epsilon • Е е : Cyrillic letter Ye • Є є : Cyrillic letter Ukrainian Ye • Э э : Cyrillic letter E • ℮ : Estimated sign (used on prepackaged goods for sale within the European Union). • € : Euro sign. • ℯ : a mathematical constant. • ㅌ : a letter. • ∈ : in set theory, the for set membership. • ℇ : the Euler–Mascheroni constant. E 3

Computing

Character E e name LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E LATIN SMALL LETTER E

Encodings decimal hex decimal hex

Unicode 69 +0045 101 U+0065

UTF-8 69 45 101 65

Numeric character reference E E e e

EBCDIC family 197 C5 133 85

ASCII 1 69 45 101 65

1 Also for encodings based on ASCII, including the DOS, Windows, ISO-8859 and Macintosh families of encodings.

Other representations

NATO phonetic Echo ·

Signal flag Flag dots-15

In British (BSL), the letter 'e' is signed by extending the index finger of the right hand touching the tip of index on the left hand, with all fingers of left hand open.

References

[1] http:/ / en. wikipedia. org/ / index. php?title=Template:Latin_alphabet_sidebar& action=edit [2] "E" a letter Merriam-Webster's Third New International Dictionary of the English Language Unabridged (1993). Ees is the plural of the name of the letter; the plural of the letter itself is rendered E's, , e's, or es. [3] Ross Eckler, Making the Alphabet Dance: Recreational Word Play. New York: St. Martin's Press (1996): 3 [4][4]Eckler (1996): 3. Perec's novel "was well written that at least some reviewers never realized the existence of a letter constraint."

External links • Media related to E at Wikimedia Commons • The dictionary definition of E at Wiktionary • The dictionary definition of e at Wiktionary Article Sources and Contributors 4 Article Sources and Contributors

E Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=625787319 Contributors: -Kerplunk-, 10014derek, 165.123.179.xxx, 24.4.252.xxx, 28bytes, 2gunz, 334a, 9258fahsflkh917fas, Abrech, Accurizer, Ace Class Shadow, Ace of Spades, Adaj, Adamrush, AdjustShift, Admwerinistrat, Aeusoes1, Afterwriting, Ahoerstemeier, Akanemoto, Alan.poindexter, Alerante, Alethiophile, AlexiusHoratius, Alsandro, American Eagle, Ananda, Andonic, Andre Engels, Andrejj, Anna Lincoln, Anomie, Antandrus, AntonBryl, Apokrif, Appleshapeddouche, ArglebargleIV, Ashanda, Ashley , Astroangie, Atif.t2, Avicennasis, BD2412, Backslash Forwardslash, BadBadBadSanta, Barryeisenberg, Battoe19, Bejinhan, Benjah-bmm27, Bensaccount, Bethpage89, Bgwhite, Bignose, Bigtimepeace, BillyHamilton1, Bkell, Blehfu, Blingbloomeatmypoop, Bluemask, Bluerasberry, Bobo192, Bogdan Nagachop, BorisFromStockdale, Branddobbe, Brian0918, Brion VIBBER, Bryan Derksen, Bsilverthorn, Bubba hotep, CALR, CCMichalZ, CO, Cal Evans, Caltas, Camembert, Canyouhearmenow, Capricorn42, Cenarium, Ceoil, Certes, Chairman S., Cheeseburgerjoe, Cheesecakedate123, Chester Markel, ChongDae, Chrisbradford, Christian List, Christopherlin, Citylover, Claidheamohmor, Closedmouth, Codex Sinaiticus, Commander cooldude, CommonsDelinker, Conversion script, Cormacs1, Coroboy, Corvus cornix, Cp111, Crazypersonbb, Cremepuff222, Croben, Cryptoid, Csloomis, Monack, DHN, DREWBERTMAN, DVD W, DZero, Daneth123, Dante Alighieri, Dapple iron, David Levy, Dcflyer, Dcljr, DePiep, DeadEyeArrow, Deconstructhis, Deflective, Dendodge, Denelson83, Denisarona, Denisutku, Discospinster, Dmeranda, DocendoDiscimus, Docu, Dono, DopefishJustin, Doublelxp, Doulos Christos, Dreadstar, DublinDilettante, Dwihzzle, EPLU RIB USU NUM VERSE, EPLU RIB USU NUM YAHOO, Edemaine, Eee34, Egil, Eli730, Elzodiacogriego, EmilJ, Eraserhead1, Esanchez7587, Estoy Aquí, Evercat, Exabyte, Extransit, Ezhiki, . 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Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors

File:Latin alphabet Ee.svg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Latin_alphabet_Ee.svg License: Public Domain Contributors: Eirik1231 File:Cursive.svg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Cursive.svg License: Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike Contributors: AndrewBuck File:E cursiva.gif Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:E_cursiva.gif License: Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 3.0 Contributors: User:Alma Cebrian File:PhoenicianE-01.svg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:PhoenicianE-01.svg License: Public Domain Contributors: Anomie (talk) File:Alfabeto camuno-e.svg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Alfabeto_camuno-e.svg License: GNU Free Documentation License Contributors: Alfabeto_camuno-e.png: Lord Hidelan derivative work: Sebastian Wallroth (talk) File:Epsilon uc lc.svg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Epsilon_uc_lc.svg License: Public Domain Contributors: Dcoetzee, F a n e r File:RomanE-01.png Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:RomanE-01.png License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 1.0 Generic Contributors: Denniss, Javier Carro, Jerem43, Nd, Pseudomoi Image:ICS_Echo.svg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:ICS_Echo.svg License: Public Domain Contributors: Denelson83, Indolences, JoeDeRose Image:Semaphore_Echo.svg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Semaphore_Echo.svg License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported Contributors: Andy Dingley, Denelson83 Image:Braille_E5.svg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Braille_E5.svg License: Public Domain Contributors: Made by using User:3247's Image Wizard/Scripts/braille.pl. file:Commons-logo.svg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Commons-logo.svg License: logo Contributors: Anomie file:Wiktionary-logo-en.svg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Wiktionary-logo-en.svg License: Public Domain Contributors: Vectorized by , based on original logo tossed together by Brion Vibber

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