Peace Events in Sixteen Project Communities (28 Events Comprising Peace Rally, Cultural Progam,Speech Competition, Interaction, Sports and Revolving Fund)

ssi 2017

Peace Events in Sixteen Project Communities (28 events comprising Peace Rally, Cultural Progam,Speech Competition, Interaction, Sports and Revolving Fund)

From Combatants to Peacemakers Program

Submitted to THE DEMOCRACY AND GOVERNANCE OFFICE THE UNITED STATES AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT (USAID) MISSION Maharajgunj, Kathmandu, Nepal

Submitted by Pro Public Kuleswore, Kathmandu P.O. Box: 14307 Telephone: +977-01-4283469 Email: [email protected]

Disclaimer: All these activities were made possible by the generous support of the American people through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). The contents are the responsibility of Pro Public and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government.

Abbreviations

CBO Community Based Organization CDO Chief District Officer C2P Combatants to Peacemakers CPN Communist Party of Nepal CSO Civil Society Organization DDC District Development Committee DE Dalit and Ethnic Communities DF Dialogue facilitation ECs Ex-Combatants FGD Focus Group Discussion GESI Gender and Social Inclusion GIZ Deutsche GesellschaftFür Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH KII Key Informant Interview LDO Local Development Office LPC Local Peace Committee NC Nepali Congress NPTF Nepal Peace Trust Fund PLA People Liberation Army Pro Public Forum for the Protection of Public Interest SDG Social Dialogue Group SM Social Mobilizer STPP Strengthening the Peace Process UCPN United Communist Party of Nepal UML United Marxist Leninist UNDP United Nations Development Program USAID United States Agency for International Development VDC Village Development Committee WCF Ward Citizen Forum

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Acknowledgement

This report briefly summarizes the activity report of peace events organized by Pro Public under the 'Combatants to Peacemakers' Program (C2P) supported by United States Agency for International Development (USAID), during the period of September 2016 to May 2017. USAID's CMM commitment to, and Pro Public's involvement in, the promotion of social harmony and peace in the communities absorbing ex-combatants in Nepal would not have been possible without moral and material support of several organizations and people we would like to thank. Pro Public would like to express its gratitude to Democracy & Governance Specialists Ms. Amanda Cats-Baril and Ms. Sumitra Manandhar from Democracy and Governance Office, USAID for their unwavering support to make all these peace events possible. Pro Public extends its sincere thanks to organizations and individuals, who helped in the organization of peace event in communities' and advisory committee members from all the 16communities for their active participation in several rounds of preparatory meetings and events.

With great acknowledgement, Pro Public appreciates the support of Executive Officers of municipalities, Secretaries of Village Development Committees (VDCs) and Convener of Local Peace Committees (LPCs) from all 16 project communities for their excellent support and cooperation for organizing these events. All the individuals associated with these organizations deserve the high respect and great gratitude for their continued support and warm coordination for the program. Pro Public would also like to express special thanks to 104 the Dialogue Facilitators and Mediator sand 750 SDGs members from 16 communities for their hard work for the preparation and organization of the events.

On behalf of Pro Public, Sr. project staff were active to coordinate and backstop the eventsnamely Mr. Babu Ram Poudel, Program Manager; Mr. ChiranjibiBhandari, Training Coordinator; Mr. Prem Bahadur B.K., Program Officer and Ms. Mamata Shah were mobilized in different communities with close backstopping and guidance from Team Leader of the project Sr. Advocate Mr. Prakash Mani Sharma. Pro Public values the contribution of Ms. Jagat Sharma, Finance Officer for facilitating all the financial aspects of the peace events. Also, it was not possible to accomplish all these activities without administrative and logistic support of Mr. Madam Maharjan, Office Assistant in Kathmandu Office.

Table of Contents

Content Page Abbreviations iii Acknowledgement iv Table of contents v Executive summary vi 1. Background and Objective of the program 1 2. Overview of Peace Events 2 3. Collaboration with Relevant Stakeholders 8 4. Date and location of Peace Events 9 5. Participation of People in Program 10 6. Successes & Lesson Learnt 11 7. Challenges 13 8. Feedback of Participants 15 9. Conclusion 17 List of Annexes i. List of organizations collaborated during the Peace Events in communities ii. Date and location of peace events in communities iii. Details breakdown of participants on the basis of sex iv. Details breakdown of participants according to the age group v. Details breakdown of participants according to the caste/ethnicity vi. Universe and Sample of Feedback of the participants vii. Concept Notes of Peace Events viii. Selected photographs of Peace Events ix. Bank Account Details of Revolving Fund x. Sample directives of Revolving Fund (in Nepali)

Executive Summary

As enlisted in the milestone B5 of Combatants to Peacemakers Program, 28 peace events were organized in between the period of September 2016 to May 2017 to bring the members of both ex-combatants and community people together for the cause of promoting peace and social harmony in target communities.

The underlying rationale for organization of the ―peace events‖ was to promote collaboration between ex-combatants and community people for long-run to sustain peace in the communities. The collaboration was designed to repair their images of past and move ahead with a constructive outlook for the future. The activities carried out as peace events included peace rally and cultural program, interaction, friendship matches and establishing revolving fund, which were decided by the project team and Dialogue Facilitators (DFs) based on consultation and discussion with USAID team.

At the phase of project launching, community needs identification in October-November 2015 with an intervention of rapid community assessment in six communities (milestone – A1) and interaction with DFs and local stakeholders in other 16 communities (milestone- B2) was conducted. These initiatives were best platforms to explore the programmatic needs of community people and ex-combatants. These exercises helped to identify a broader list of needs, which were further discussed in various rounds of meetings and interaction with DFs and advisory committee members from January to June 2016. Specifically, DFs were consulted during the basic, advanced, refresher training on dialogue facilitation and basic and refresher psychosocial counseling training. Community activities including advisory committee meetings in communities were taken as opportunities for needs validation at broader level.

For the implementation of all peace events, an event specific letter was circulated to Center Coordinators in all 16 communities for preparatory works; this circulation was instrumental to re-discussion within the team and advisory committee members in each community. All these events were organized in collaboration with a wide range of stakeholders; especially with LPCs, VDC/municipalities, schools, business houses, formal and informal organizations, Community Awareness Centers and local civil society organizations. Individuals from these organizations were in close coordination for the preparation and implementation of events.

The peace events are categorized into four types for the purpose of reporting, as follows:

(1) Peace events titled "Peace Rally, Cultural Program and Speech Competitions‖;

(2) Sport activity among political parties, youth clubs and school teachers and students, (3) Interaction program was designed to discuss on status of ex-combatants and promotion of social and cultural harmony in society, (4) Revolving fund was established organizing an event to support the smooth relationship among the DFs and members social dialogue group ( SDGs) beyond the project period and also create an opportunity for their income generation from which they can improve their livelihood that was observed as an essential part during the implementation of the project. This fund was an innovation in response to requests from beneficiaries.

In the above-mentioned categories of peace events, altogether 13583 individuals participated in the program. Out of them 7550 (including 3320 Male and 4230 female) individuals attended in seven peace rallies and cultural programs and speech competition. Altogether 2469 (1091 male and 1378 female) attended in 13 activities related to establishment of revolving fund in communities. Similarly, 3146 (1953 male and 1193) individuals from political parties, youth clubs and school teachers and students attended in sports activities and 418 (including 223 male and 195 female) individuals attended in two interaction programs.

By and large, the peace events organized in the context of International Peace Day (September 21) were successful for delivering the message of peace among the wide ranges of stakeholders in communities. As symbolic activity, the events were successful in terms of mass mobilization and in terms of sustaining collaboration between local government bodies, LPCs, ex-combatants and community people. Likewise, the interaction programs were helpful to create awareness against untouchability, equality among various caste and ethnic groups, as well as status of ex-combatants in their community. Aiming to promote social harmony and serve as an ice-breaker on the differences associated with their current and past, association friendship sporting matches were designed. In terms of participants' engagement and community mobilization, these events were successful in all the places; not only for collaboration but also for sustaining relationships as they provided participants with a good opportunity to meet each other and share their feelings and experiences. In order to address the livelihood problems of vulnerable and needy people associated with C2P, revolving funds, with initial seed amount of 60 thousand, was established in 13 communities. The fund's aim is to increase the income generation activities among the DFs and members of SDGs. The fund targets DFs and members of SDGs who are economically poor and looking for loan to initiate some income generation activities to support their family. The fund is provided to those members who are very clear in their business plan and initially this loan is given for maximum six months. The loan is provided to the poorest of the poor members. Others get the opportunity to receive the fund once the previous receivers pay back the amount. Thus the members can use this fund turn by turn based on their need.

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1. Background and Objectives of the Program

From Combatants to Peacemakers intends to promote social harmony and peace in 16 communities absorbing Maoist ex-combatants through a people-to-people (P2P) approach by using both; preventive (i.e. trainings, social dialogue group meetings, peace events, psychosocial counseling) and curative (i.e. mediation) approaches to conflict management and mitigation. Out of 22 milestones listed in the project document, milestone (B5), peace events (44 total – 4 each in new six communities, and 2 in each existing 10 communities) aspired to bring together community members and ex-combatants in their own communities to deepen their understanding of peace in communities.

Also, the peace events were designed to boost the self-esteem of ex-combatants and to improve their relationships with community members by signaling to the community that ex- combatants are also peace-loving human beings and constructive members of the community. In this way, the events contributed to the social reintegration of the ex-combatants.

By design, these events were expected to increase the sense of ownership and responsibility for matters concerning everyone while working in a diverse teams aiming to bridge the existing community divides between ex-combatants and community people. Also, in the absence of state mechanisms to heal and reconcile community people and ex-combatants, the peace events were designed to create reconciliation in the hearts and minds of the people who have lived through the consequences of conflict in Nepal.

In order to ensure the participatory activity design, need assessment of the communities at the beginning of the project i.e. October- November 2015, was conducted in six communities as an activity of rapid community assessment. Since that period, along with other issues, participants who engaged in the assessments stated the clear need of mega (larger mass gathering—more than 150) peace events in their communities to deliver the peace message. This knowledge was the foundation to design peace rallies, friendship matches, and wider interactions on the issue of ex-combatants and end of social and cultural discrimination. Furthermore, through the constant discussion with ex-combatants and community people as well as success story of CARE Nepal in terms of implementing a revolving fund, C2P established a fund as a means of livelihood support in response to the recognized need for these kinds of initiatives.

In addition, the project team consulted with the DFs during basic and advanced training on dialogue and mediation (milestone A3 & A4 respectively) organized in December 2015 and categorized the major needs of the communities, which further discussed the need of wide range of activities during the implementation of other activities; interaction, advisory committee meeting and peace events in communities. Based on the suggestions made by DFs from the project communities, the project team prioritized and implemented four categorizes of peace activities in the communities.

The purpose of the peace rally and cultural program was to enhance the social harmony and promote peace through students and other young people in the respective communities. The other objective of the event was to inject the idea of relation between sustainable goal and peace building, including other many peace messages to the students so that they can make their knowledge broad and disseminate the messages in their families, schools and other individuals that support to enhance the harmony in the society. The United Nations had taken a slogan "The Sustainable Development Goals: Building Blocks for Peace" for the year 2016 on the occasion of International Peace Day. Thus in order to spread this message to the larger community, Pro Public linked its program with its peace rallies and through students spread this message to the larger community. It was also believed that as students are the hope and future of the family, society, nation and the whole globe the messages of the peace is really important to make them peace loving leaders in the future.

2. Overview of Peace Events

Project document of C2P had envisioned total 44 peace events in the 16 project communities. Out of them 16 peace events, one health camp in each of C2P’s 16 communities, were organized from May to September 2016. The report of these 16 events was submitted to USAID on February 26, 2017.

The remaining 28 peace events were organized in the period between September 2016 and May 2017. Peace events were designed based on the suggestions gathered as community needs as well as feedback and suggestions provided by the advisory committee members and the representatives of government and local peace committee and other community members. Thus, this is the second report of the peace events (milestone B5.2).

In all events, DFs were mobilized from the planning to organization of these events which required them to coordinate a variety of stakeholders including students, teachers, ex- combatants, and representatives of political parties, civil society and media, marginalized people took a part and attended different peace events. Different social groups and institutions, i.e., VDCs, municipalities, LPCs, media, District Development Committees (DDCs), schools, mother groups, ward citizen forums, civil society organizations, sports clubs, youth clubs, political parties and so forth, were also collaborated to organize peace events.

The objective of organizing peace events by engaging former combatants along with community members and other organizations was to create opportunities for former combatants to change their role as social agents. The objective of engaging former combatants in organizing mass level public events was to create an opportunity for them to intermingle with the community members, work together in partnership with different stakeholders and provide a platform to work as constructive members of the society.

Four types of events were designed: health camps; peace rallies, cultural programs and speech competitions, sports, establishing revolving funds and interaction programs. A short overview of these events is given below.

A photo of peace rally organized in Kohalpur of Banke A girl student a speech competition in Purandhara of Dang

The guests in the interaction program organized in Group photo of palyers of the foofball competition Dharan of Sunsari in Kohalpur of Banke

A photo of the establishment of the social dialogue group revolving fund in Dharan of Sunsari

 Peace Rally, Cultural Program and Speech Competition for International Peace Day (September 21st) :

As first category of events, seven events entitled "Peace Rally, Cultural Program and Speech Competition" were organized successfully in seven new communities with the slogan of International Peace Day "The Sustainable Development Goals: Building Blocks for Peace". The purpose of conducting peace events in communities as marking of international peace day was to create awareness of peace day as well as celebration among the ex-combatants, community people, youth, school students and larger segment of society. The program was intended to enhance the social harmony and promote peace through students and other young people in the respective communities. Also, the other aspect of designing this type of event was to inject the concepts and ideas of relation between sustainable goal and peace building, including other many peace messages to the students to widen their knowledge and disseminate the peace messages in their families, schools and other individuals, which supports to enhance the harmony in the society. The United Nations had taken a sologan "The Sustainable Development Goals: Building Blocks for Peace" for the year 2016 on the occasion of International Peace Day. So, Pro Public planned to link the program with this global theme so that the students can receive some message and spread the same to the other people in the society. It was also believed that the students are the hope and future of the family, society, nation and the whole globe and the messages of the peace are really important to train them peace ambassador (peace loving individuals) in the future.

In Pipra Pachhim, Saptari a speech competition between the students of lower secondary level schools was held on the topic of "The Role of Students in Promoting Social Harmony and Peace." The speech competition had a similar objective to the peace rally—basically to spread the peace messages among the community people through youth and students. This event was organized on May 29, 2017 as it was postponed in March due to the political unrest in the district, especially in Rajbiraj. On Mar 6, 2017 three persons were killed when police opened fire to contain the situation after a violent clash with Madhesi Morcha cadres who were trying to foil CPN-UML’s programme in Rajbiraj of Saptari. The CPN-UML had organized this program as awareness campaign focusing to the local elections. These incidents created a tension in the district and it was impossible to organize any event in such a violent environment. Thus the peace event of Saptari was organized on May 29, 2017. And that was one of the major reason to request for the extension of the C2P's time frame from March end to June end 2017. A total of 183 students participated in the program when it was hosted in June.

 Interaction Program:

In the second category, two interaction programs were organized in Udyapur and Sunsari districts on the topics, ―Empathy between Dominant and Marginalized Communities‖ and ―The Role of Community for Peace Building and the Current Situation of Former Combatants‖ respectively. The aim of the interaction program was to create sense of equality and to share the empathy between dominant and marginalized communities in Udaypur and ex-combatants and community members in Sunsari district. As a part of peace events, two interaction programs were organized. Aiming to increase social harmony and promote peace in the community through awareness about caste discrimination to the community people a day interaction program was organized in Katari, Udaypur and an interaction program with brief documentary screen and discussion on the role of community in peace building and current situation of the ex-combatants was organized in Dharan/Sunsari.

A well-known Hindu Religious leader called Jagat Guru Balsanta Mohansharan Ji Maharaj was the speaker who expressed that caste discrimination is not a good practice in the 21st century, and that discrimination gives rise to conflict in society. He further said that for the peaceful and progressive society the people from all the caste should be treated equally without any discrimination and collaborate each other as no religion support discrimination and there is nothing in hindu scriptures which promotes such things. He further said that it is sinful to discriminate people on the basis of their caste as god has given us conscience and we must use our conscience and reject such sinful practice. He gave many examples to prove his saying and ask them to disregard this practice which was promoted by so called barman to fulfill their own interest.

This interaction program organized in on the request of the Dalit NGO Federation– Nepal (DNF) of Udaypur district chapter as they are having lot of untouchability issues in their. They suggested that if a religious leader like him speaks on the issue of untouchability and says it is not in the religious scripture it will be very helpful for their advocacy work and the event was organized accordingly. The Jagat Guru (World Leader) has been provided official recognition form the government of Nepal. All the government officials and religious leaders of the community were present in the program.

Similarly, in an interaction program organized in Sunsari, officers from the local bodies, representatives of LPC, Advisory Committee, media, civil society organizations, political parties and so forth, expressed that the situation of the ex-combatants resided in the Dharan Municipality is really poor and called for a proper plan to address these problems. The program provided information on the real situation of ex-combatants by showing a

5 documentary prepared by a local television channel on ex-combatants to the key actors, especially officers of the local bodies and the representatives of political parties. During the interaction, political leaders and officers of the Dharan Municipality expressed their commitment to address this problem in the action plan to be formulated for the municipality. Advisory Committee and DFs will be making follow up on it and Pro Public will support and encourage them to do the same.

 Sports Activities:

In the fourth category, friendship matches and sport activities were organized in Lamki/Kailali, Kohalpur/Banke, Purandhara/Dang, Sainamaina/Rupandehi & Nayabelhani/Nawalparasi. . Aiming to bring all the major political parties in a place for collaboration including wide range of individuals from different walks of life in the respective communities, friendship football and volleyball competition were organized in various communities with the slogan of "Interparty/Inter-Club/Inter-Ward/Inter School Friendship Football Competition" with the objective of promoting peace and social harmony in the communities. The sport activities as peace event were chosen after intensive consultation with the Advisory Committees, schools teachers, youth clubs and political parties as they were very much interested to be part of this. During the sport activities the banners were fixed with the message that was observed by hundreds of people. Similarly, in the beginning and the closing of the sport the guests, including from the VDCs, municipalities, LPCs, political parties, civil society organizations, different users groups, were invited and given opportunity to put their remarks in fronts of hundreds of people in which they had expressed about the importance of the sport activities, peace and social harmony in the society. They had also expressed that the sport activities is one of the strongest tools to bring people together where they can collaborate with each other and build the new and healthy relationship that promote peace and social harmony in the society.

During these all the events the community people including key actors, representing local bodies, LPCs, Ward Citizen Forums, Civil Society Organizations, political parties, media, business persons and so forth came time to time and observed. The impressions of the people who observed these events were really positive. They were expressing that the events brought people together and spread the message of peace and social harmony as well as cooperation and the collaboration. They suggested organizing such events time to time to strengthen the relationship among the community people.

 Revolving Fund:

In the fifth category, altogether, 13 SDG revolving funds have been established in 13 communities (except Triyuga, Udaypur, Pipra Paschim, Saptari and Sainamaina, Rupandehi) to assist the community members most in need and continue the relationship between ex- combatants and community members involved in social dialogue groups. For each of such fund, initial fund of NRs. 60,000.00 was provided. The funds aim to increase the income generation activities among the DFs and members of SDGs. The fund targets DFs and members of SDGs who are economically poor and have clear plan for investment and to ensure its return. The fund is provided based on the demand for maximum six months with priority to the poorest of the poor members. Each communities has been provided a form to assess the financial status of the members of the revolving fund based on their land, income, number of family members and so forth. Based on this the members are ranked and the committees of the revolving fund provide the fund giving priority to the poorest members. Others get the opportunity to receive the fund once the previous receivers pay back the amount. Thus the members can use it turn by turn based on their need. The overall guidelines including these all the rules were presented among the DFs and members of the revolving fund for their understanding and using properly. Later, these all the documents were printed and provided to all the 13 communities for using in uniform way.

Before establishing of the revolving funds, rounds of discussions between Pro Public and USAID team were made about its importance and modality. Ex-combatants had expressed frustration because re-integration at the social level was progressing, but economically they still felt left behind in their communities. Finally, the team decided to establish this fund utilizing the cost allocated for the peace events. For the smooth functioning of the revolving fund a guideline along with the other supporting documents, i.e., form, model of application, passbook, stamp, ranking for investment and so forth, were prepared based on the reference from Sambad Program, that was implemented by Care Nepal, and that were applied after getting feedback from USAID team. These funds has created a hope among the ex- combatants and other member of social dialogue groups and also created a space for the sustainability of the efforts. In the MoUs signed by local Government, Advisory Committee, DFs, LPCs and Pro Public, in all the communities during the handing over program, a clause has been ensured about the revolving fund and its expansion and sustainability as the commitment of the parties. Based on this, Pro Public has informed to all the newly elected representatives and appointed Executive Officers of the respective communities about the fund and also requested for its expansion and sustainability as per the MoU through formal letters. The DFs and the committee formed in the respective communities will coordinate the fund accordingly.

In above mentioned categories of peace events, altogether 13583 individuals participated in the program. Out of them 7550 (including 3320 Male and 4230 female) individuals attended in seven peace rally and cultural program. Altogether 2469 (1091 male and 1378 female) attended in 13 activities related to establishment of revolving fund in communities. Similarly, 3146 (1953 male and 1193) individuals from political parties, youth clubs and school teachers and students attended in sports activities and 418 (including 223 male and 195 female) individuals attended in two interaction program.

The details of events that were organized in each community are presented in the table below. The detailed breakdown of participation is mentioned in the annexes III, IV and V. Similarly, the concept notes of the events and the photos are included in the annexes VII and VIII respectively.

S. N. Type of Activities Number Communities

1 Peace Rally, Cultural 7 Dharan/Sunsari, Piprapanchim/SaptariRankachuli, Program and Speech Nayabelhani/Nawalparashi, Purandhara/Dang, Competition Kohalpur/Banke, Lamki Chuha/Kailali & Masuriya/Kailali, Pipra Panchim/Saptari 2 Interaction Program 2 Dharan/Sunsari & Katari/Udaypur 3 Sports Activities Rankachuli, Nayabelhani/Nawalparashi, (Friendship Matches) 6 Sainamaina/Rupandehi, Kohalpur/Banke, Purandhara/Dang, Lamki Chuha/Kailali & Masuriya/Kailali 4 Launching of the Dharan/Sunsari, Bardibas/Mahottari, Kalika/Chitwan, Revolving Fund 13 Rankachuli, Nayabelhani/Nawalparashi, Bijauri/Dang, Purandhara/Dang, Kohalpur/Banke, Binauna/Banke, Gulariya/Bardiya, Birendranagar/Surkhet, Lamki Chuha/Kailali, Ghodaghodi/Kailali, & Masuriya/Kailali Total 28 16 Communities

3. Collaboration with Relevant Stakeholders

Hosting the peace events required collaboration with wide range of stakeholders like, LPCs, municipalities and VDCs, political parties, youth groups, schools, cooperatives, women groups, and others. DFs worked for notice circulation to raise awareness of the events as well as played a crucial role in coordinating various stakeholders including representatives of major political parties, local peace committees, municipalities and VDCs, ward citizens forums, youth groups, marginalized communities, social mobilizers, school management committees, journalists, and women groups. DFs communicated with respective Advisory Committee members, representatives from VDCs, municipalities, business houses, local schools and youth clubs in advance for getting their support for organizing the planned events locally in each community. Discussion with advisory committee members supported to select the best location to organize peace events in each community. The events helped to strengthen the link between the wide range of organizations and the community people.

To improve the relationship between ex-combatants, DFs and members of the community, members of political parties and the government and local bodies stakeholders the peace events were organized as mentioned in the project document. Prior to organizing the peace events, DFs were motivated and mobilized to coordinate with government and nongovernment entities at community level, including LPCs, local bodies; such as VDC/municipalities, schools, media, political parties, youth and women groups, cooperatives and health institutions which became helpful to organize the event. Project team extended their support in introducing members of ex-combatants in all these institutions.

For organizing peace rally, speech competition & cultural program; and sport activities the schools were collaborated with. Similarly, the political parties and youth clubs were collaborated for the sport activities. After discussion among the project team, DFs and the advisory committee members these institutions were approached and discussed about the events and its objectives and motivated to participate in and support these activities.

Similarly during the establishment of the revolving fund the representatives of mother group, cooperatives and bank were invited to share their experiences and future collaboration. From the sharing of experiences from the mother groups and cooperatives the DFs and the members of the revolving fund were benefited and they were more eager to be a part of the fund. Later, once the revolving funds are established the banks were requested to open the bank account in the name of the "Social Dialogue Group Revolving Fund". Thus, in all the 13 communities the bank accounts has been opened and the funds have been transferred through e-banking in the account of the respective communities.

In all locations, DFs mobilized a wide range of stakeholders for organizations of peace events. The details of organization involved in peace events are mentioned in Annex I.

4. Date and Location of Peace Events in Communities

In accordance with the plan of action envisioned, 28 events were organized from September 2016 to May 2017. Actually, based on the project document and original time line the events were planned to organize by the end of the March 2017 however, due to the political unrest in the Terai, especially in the Saptari area, some of the events in Piprapanchim couldn't be completed on time. In this context, the program was extended by three months, i.e., from April to June, 2017, as no cost extension. Thus, one peace event was organized on May 29, 2017 in Saptari, after the situation normalized.

The details of venue and date of peace events in all 16 locations is mentioned in Annex II.

5. Participation of People in Program

Out of 13583 individuals that attended in 28 peace events program, 6587 (48%) individuals were male and 6996 (52%) were female. The detail break down of the participants according to sex is mentioned in Annex-III.

In terms of caste and ethnicity composition, nearly half (51%) of the participants were Brahmin and Chhetri, 27% were from ethnic communities, 18% Dalits, and 3% individuals were from other groups. The participation of the Madheshi and Muslim community is less even the most of the project communities are in the Terai region because ex-combatants resided mostly in the north side of East-West highway where people from hill are dominatnat population.

The detailed demographic information on participation in each activity in all sixteen communities is attached in Annex IV. As interesting fact of the program, around 89% individuals participated in the peace events were

below 39 years old. Only 11% around participants were above 40 years. The detailed information according to the age of participants in each activity in all sixteen communities is attached in Annex V. Prior to be the part of Combatants to Peacemakers program, honestly 6. Successes & Lesson Learnt speaking, I was afraid/hesitate to talk with ex-combatants in my community. Organization of peace events as a local peace Even I had not communicated with them building initiative was a great experience and being a neighbor. When I went through learning for Pro Public, which led to success at the the various rounds of trainings, social broader programmatic level. As mentioned in the dialogue group meetings and peace events, I realized the problems of ex- project document: "the objective of the project combatants. Learning their problems and was to increase social harmony and peace in 16 realities based on brief documentary communities absorbing Maoist ex-combatants. screened in Dharan. Along with other The peace events contributed to achieve this DFs, I coordinated sub-metropolitan objective as it was very successful to bring the office and designed an entrepreneurship training for ex-combatants and conflict people together from different walks of life victims "Start in your Business" .From including mentionable number of ex-combatants this training; around 40 individuals will in all the events. This created an environment to get trainings for entrepreneurship. work together, understand each other and build the Binod B.K., DF, from Dharan Sunsari relationship stronger that ultimately helped to increase social harmony and peace. The involvement of a wide range of stakeholders in peace events ensured the ownership of the project I am a single women (martyr family) living in among DFs and SDGs. Active participation of both Masuriya Kailali, prior to join the program, I groups; ex-combatants and community people added was completely housewife and my role was value to provide fundamental impact for the process limited only in family and party circle. I was of building peace in Nepal. The events not only completely isolated from wider society. I had depression and sense of inferiority. When I improved the leadership quality of ex-combatants joined the C2P program, I also got chance to and community people in general, it helped to work as local coordinator in peace library. My transform the existing enemy image of former work with this project, especially as local combatants and community people into friends coordinator and DF, provided exposure in my through step-by-step collaboration and jointly community and extended networks with political parties, government agencies and other facilitating the activities in their respective stakeholders in communities. As an impact of communities. It has also helped to spread the peace project, people from political parties, VDC and message of social harmony, cooperation, organizations started to invite me in their collaboration and so forth. Through these events, programs and approached me for leadership thousands of students and teachers, hundreds of positions. Now, I feel very connected and perceiving my role as dignified in society. youths and political actors are engaged directly that Tulashi Sharma, DF, from Masuriya, Kailali has changed their mind sets towards positive thoughts.

Similarly, project also succeed for establishing 13 revolving fund amounting to NRs. 60,000.00 which was not planned in the project document but as it was observed as highly important for the ex-combatants, the project team innovated to respond to beneficiary needs. The establishment of the revolving funds has provided an opportunity to the ex-combatants and other needy DFs in income generating activities. For the sustainability of the fund systematic operation is highly required for which proper guidelines and supporting documents has been prepared and handed over to the DFs and committees of the revolving fund along with the orientation in using them. The members pay their registration fee (NRs. 300 to 500 that is vary as per the community) to be a member of the fund and save their money (NRs. 100.00 per month by each members) regularly. Fund also earns interest from the investment that has ensured the sustainability of the fund.

Capacity development of DFs and SDG along with local government bodies, on mass level event organization were considered as one of the major success of peace events. Similarly, the collaboration between, and among the various stakeholders and resource sharing (physical space and leveraging the funds, to be provided NRs. 50,000.00 by Dharan Metro- Politian city and Nayabelhani VDC) and sustainability plan by DFs and local actors were also considered as major success of the program. Similarly, for better understanding and bridging the gap between individuals (ex-combatants & community people), trust building, empathy, capacity development in event organization as well as library management, mass mobilization through peace events enhanced the capacity of DFs in organizing mega events in their communities along collaboration with local bodies and LPC is an another success of the program.

Project was success in collaboration with local government bodies and other stakeholders, coordination and collaboration with media houses and community stakeholders, networks and different groups. DFs functioned as a trusted and credible members of the community to promote peace and social harmony through mass level peace events during the project period and now they are as group and linked with local government bodies that has created space to use their knowledge and skills for organizing such events which can be taken as success of the program.

During the organization of the events there were many learning that are really helpful for the similar kind of events in the future which are presented as follows:

 Wide range of participants for the discussion on the role of community people in peace building and current status of ex-combatants as well as interaction program on promoting social and cultural harmony in community became instrumental to deliver the message of peace in communities. While, presentation on the status of ex- combatants created empathy and contributed to create a positive and supportive

environment for the ex-combatants in the community. Talk program on promoting social and cultural harmony is being helpful to clarify about social and cultural taboos existing in communities regarding the untouchability and caste based discrimination in Dharan.

 Enhanced the better relationship among political parties' youth, youth groups, local clubs as well as community people through friendship matches. Also, it improved the skills and performance of local players through competitions. This type of events contributed to deepen the understanding of peace through sport activities.

 Delivered the message of peace, i.e., social harmony, cooperation, collaboration, unity and like and so forth. Some of the specific messages were like sustainable development goals: building blocks for peace; youth activeness and unity: block of the peace and development; let's start peace education at school level; development for peace and peace for development; peace for progress: dialogue for peace; let's do dialogue for peace and so forth.

 As major learning of this type of activities, project team learnt if the revolving fund was established at the beginning of the project, it would have greater positive impacts on team building, collaboration and livelihood support activities. And, as it was a very first experience of Pro Public establishing such funds targeting to the ex- combatants and other members who are affiliated with the SDGs it has taught us an overall process, i.e., preparation, coordination with the specific institutes like cooperatives, documentation like a guideline and other essential forms, opening and operating accounts, investment and like that, it will help to Pro Public to implement the same kind of activities in the future.

 Pro Public has also documented required guidelines and other documents that are needed for the operation of the fund and it has also learned about its operation and mobilization of the team.

7. Challenges

In general, implementing the peace event in different venue was a great opportunity of delivering the message of peace in communities. Although challenges were faced at the implementation phase, these activities helped the project team to deepen their understanding of community works, and of the challenges associated with collaborating with and coordinating a wide range of stakeholders for the promotion of peace and social harmony. For example, establishment of the revolving fund was really new task for the project team however, from the establishment in the first communities the learning were applied in the

13 other communities too. In the first activity we realize to include the groups who have already experiences on the saving and credits and later when we invited them it was really easy to convince the other people about its importance and benefit as these groups shared their experiences of the same.

Despite all of the positive messages and learning experiences shared from the communities, the political context and sporadic violent activities in project communities disturbed some of the events in project communities. For instance, attack of the youth force leader Mr. Durga Tiwari, district chairman of CPN-UML-affiliated with Youth Association Nepal (YAN), shot death on Devdaha Municipality-8 in Rupandehi district on 19th December, 2016 also impacted the project activities in Nawalparashi and Rupandehi district1.

Further, United Democratic Madheshi Front (UDMF) cadres protest against the announcement of local election date by Government of Nepal for May 14, 2017 created unrest and tension in eastern Terai district and made it necessary to adjust the schedule of program activities in Saptari district. A clash between CPN (UML) cadres and UDMF in Saptari on March 6, 2017 and death of four UDMF cadres through the police firing also forced project team to reschedule the peace event in Saptari that was finally held on May 29, 2017. In addition to these, engagement of political parties in the project activities were the major challenges appeared during implementing peace events due to their political agenda which was top priority for them. However the project team with the support of DFs successfully organized a football competition by encouraging and convincing about the significance of such friendly football competition program.

Requesting time frequently from representatives of political parties and youth groups during the sport activities, interaction program, peace rally and cultural program, as well as their support for the revolving fund was challenging because they have their own official responsibilities in offices and allocating significant portion of their timing was challenging for them. Another specific challenges in establishment of the revolving fund was to opening the formal bank account in the formal name of the fund. Later, after a formal request letter from Pro Public and from the local bodies highlighting the significance of such revolving fund, banks agreed to open the bank account in the name of "Social Dialogue Group Revolving Fund".

To collaborate with local government bodies and other stakeholders in preparation phase was difficult at the beginning; however, it turned out successful with the relentless effort of project team. In some cases, ensuring the participation of executive officers of municipalities and representative of VDC was one of the challenges due to their urgency in being present in their offices and outside the offices.

1http://kathmandupost.ekantipur.com/news/2016-12-20/youth-association-nepal-rupandehi-chief-shot-dead.html

8. Feedback of the participants

Also, in order to assess the impressions and feedback of those who attended the peace events, a brief survey of six questions (five closed and one open), was administered after the events in all locations. As sample of participants, out of 13583 individuals who participated in all peace events, a sample survey was administered to 1121 individuals, which was average around 8% of all those who visited 28 peace events in the 16 communities. The details regarding the total participants and sample taken for the feedback is mentioned in Annex VI. At least 5 and maximum 10% participants were covered for the feedback of the events.

Q. N. Responses

1. What is your overall perception towards the peace events in your communiti es?

2. Do you think that peace event was useful to increase the understand ing between the people in your communit y?

3. Do you believe the peace event was effective to create a space to meet with people and enhance relationshi p?

4. Are you feeling happy after attending the free peace event?

5. Do you think similar types of activities are necessary in future?

9. Conclusion

As envisioned in the project document in accordance to the theory of change, diverse and very unique nature of peace events were considered as successful to ensure the adequate number of participants. A wide range of individuals from various walks of life, women, marginalized people and individuals from both urban and rural settings attended the program. In overall, peace events became instrumental to deliver the peace message between ex- combatants and community members. The mobilization of the people in peace events, and extensive collaboration and cooperation between ex-combatants and community members became successful to achieve the overall C2P goal of promoting social harmony and peace in the communities absorbing ex-combatants.

Around 89% individuals participated in the peace events were below 39 years old that has indicated that the involvement of the youths was in a high degree. 35% were from ethnic Dalit communities. Similarly 52% was women participation. This has clearly indicated that activeness of youths and women and marginalized group was high. Similarly, project has abled to establish revolving fund that has addressed the major demand of the DFs and ex- combatants and created the hope with them. Endorsing the guidelines and other documents for the operation of the revolving fund and linking with the local bodies by signing MoU in all the communities it has been formalized. In overall, through these all the events the DFs have built up their capacity for organizing mega events that they can apply to organize such events in the future too.

List of Annexes

i. List of organizations collaborated during the Peace Events in communities ii. Date and location of peace events in communities iii. Details breakdown of participants on the basis of sex iv. Details breakdown of participants according to the age group v. Details breakdown of participants according to the caste/ethnicity vi. Universe and Sample of Feedback of the participants vii. Concept Notes of Peace Events viii. Selected photographs of Peace Events ix. Bank Account Details of Revolving Fund x. Sample directives of Revolving Fund (in Nepali)

Annex: I List of organizations involved in Peace events

S. N. District Community List of organizations involved in Peace events 1 Sunsari Dharan  Dharan Sub-Metropolitan City  Local Peace Committee Dharan  Kriti Television  Dharan Chamber of Commerce 2 Udayapur Triyuga  National Dalit Commission  District Development Committee, Udaypur  Local Peace Committee Katari, Udaypur  Katari Municipality Office, Udaypur 3 Saptari Pipra Paschim  Shree JanataAadharbhuNi.Ma.Bi.

 Shree AadharbhuNi.Ma.Bi.

 Shree JanataMa.Bi.

 Shree JanataAadharbhuNi.Ma.Bi. 4 Mahottari Bardibas  Bardibas Municipality, Bardibas 5 Chitwan Kalika  Kalika Municipality, Chitwan 6 Nawalparasi Nayabelhani/Rankachuli  District Development Committee, Nawalparasi  Local Peace Committee Nawalparasi  VDC, Rankachuli  VLPC Rankachuli  VDC Nayabelhani  VLPC Rankachuli  Madhyabindu FM, Nawalparasi  Darpan FM  Mother Group Kramghari, Nawalparasi  Sports Club Kramghari Nawalparasi  Shree Janata Secondary School Resource Center Arunkhola 7 Rupandehi Sainamaina  DDC Rupandehi  Sainamaina Municipality Sainamaina, Rupandehi  VLPC Sainamaina, Rupandehi  Radio Mammal FM  Radio, Sainamaina FM  Youth sports club, Sainamaina Rupandehi  Shree Siddhartha Trade, Murgiya  Merudanda Cooperative Murgiya, Sainamaina Rupandehi 8 Dang Bijauri  DDC Dang  LPC Dang  VLPC Bijauri Dang  Radio HamroPahunch FM 9 Purandhara  DDC Dang  LPC Dang  VDC Purandhara, Dang  VLPC Purandhara Dang  Shree Janata Secondary Resource Center  Purandhara Sports Development Committee Purandhara, Dang  Radio Hapure FM  Shiva Mandir Gogane Chopari, Purandhara Dang 10 Banke Binauna  DDC Banke  LPC Banke 18

 VDC Binauna Banke  VLPC Binauna Banke  Sunkholi Cultural Club Binauna, Banke  Bheri FM, Nepalgunj Banke

11 Kohalpur  DDC Banke  LPC Banke  Kohalpur Municipality Kohalpur, Banke  Kohalpur Municipal Development Committee, Kohalpur, Banke  Kohalpur Micro City drinkable water, sanitation and consumer organization, Kohalpur, Banke  Chishapani Region Tourism Promotion office Kohalpur, Banke  Hotel Central Plaza, Kohalpur, Banke  Hotel Pop Light, Kohalpur, Banke  Nepali Congress, Kohalpur  CPN UML Kohalpur  CPN Maoist (Center) Kohalpur, Banke  National People Front, Kohalpur Banke  New Force Party Nepal, Kohalpur, Banke  Armed Police Force Tripura Brigade, Kohalpur Banke  Kohalpur Sports Development committee 12 Surkhet Birendranagar  Birendranagar Municipality, Birendranagar, Surkhet 13 Bardiya Gulariya  Gulariya Municipality office, Gulariya Bardiya  Gulariya Municipality Office Gulariya, Bardiya 14 Kailali LamkiChuha  LamkiChuha Municipality, Lamki Kailali  LPC LamkiChuha  Chuha Resource Center Lamki Kailali 15 Ghodaghodi  Ghodaghodi Municipality Ghodaghodi Kailali 16 Masuriya  DDC, Kailali  LPC, Kailali  Shree Janapriya Higher Secondary Likma Resource Center Masuriya, Kailali  VLPC Masuriya Kailali  VDC Masuriya Kailali Total 12 16

Annex: II Date and location of Peace Events in communities

S. N. District Community Peace Event Venue Date 1 Sunsari Dharan  School level Speech Dharan Chamber of 19 & 21 September, competition and Commerce Office & 2016 Peace Rally Dharan Sub- Metropolitan City, Sunsari  Interaction ShikashyaSadan 7 January, 2017 program on Role of School Community in Peace building and existing status of ex-combatants in Dharan  Establishing of Dharan Sub- 9 January, 2017 Revolving Fund Metropolitan City 2 Udayapur Triyuga  Interaction program Katari Municipality 4 January, 2017 on promoting social Office and cultural harmony 3 Saptari Pipra Paschim  Lower Secondary Shree Janata Primary 29 May, 2017 School level Speech School, Pipra Paschim completion 4 Mahottari Bardibas  Establishment of Bardibas Municipality, 12 January, 2017 Revolving Fund Mahottari 5 Chitwan Kalika  Establishment of Kalika Municipality-5, 6 January, 2017 Revolving fund Club Chock, Chitwan 6 Nawalparasi Nayabelhani  Inter-school peace Arunkhola, 21, December 2016 rally and cultural Nawalparasi program  Inter-Club Friendly Kramghari, 14-17, February, 2017 Volley Competition Nayabelhani, Nawalparasi  Establishment of Shivamandir Ground 22 December, 2016 Revolving Fund Nayabelhani , Nawalparasi 7 Rupandehi Sainamaina  Week Long Nock Shree Janata 21 February, 2017 out Cricket Secondary School Competition Sainamaina-6, Rupandehi 8 Dang Bijauri  Establishment of VDC Office Bijauri 3 January, 2017 Revolving fund Dang Purandhara  Inter-School Shree Janakalyan 27 September, 2016 Cultural Program Secondary School and speech, singing Hapure Bazaar and dancing Purandhara, Dang competition  Under-19 Football Shree Janakalyan 31 December, 2016 competition Secondary School Hapure Bazaar Purandhara, Dang  Establishment of Purandhara-2, 26 December 2016 Revolving fund Shivamandir, Dang 9 Banke Binauna  Establishment of Binauna VDC-5, 11 January, 2017 Revolving Fund Binauna Banke Kohalpur  Inter-School Kohalpur 29 September , 2016

Cultural program Municipality-11, and speech Dashbighaha, Banke competition  Inter-Party Friendly Kohalpur Sports 6 January, 2017 Football Development competition committee Dashboghaha, Kohalpur  Establishment of Traffic chock 26 December, 2016 Revolving fund Kohalpur Banke 10 Surkhet Birendranagar  Establishment of Birendranagar 11 February 2017 Revolving Fund Municipality-20 Bhureli Chock, Surkhet 11 Bardiya Gulariya  Establishment of Gulariya Municipality- 7 January, 2017 Revolving Fund 11, Gulariya, Bardiya 12 Kailali LamkiChuha  Inter-School Speech Jhuma Resort Lamki 22 September 2016 Competition Kailali  Inter-School Kalika Higher 1 January, 2017 Teachers' Secondary School, Volleyball Lamki Kailali competition  Establishment of Kalika Higher 2 January, 2017 Revolving Fund Secondary School, Lamki Kailali Ghodaghodi  Establishment of Ghodaghodi 3 January, 2017 Revolving Fund Municipality Musuria  Inter-School Masuriya VDC-3, 24-29 January ,2017 Cultural Program Masuriya Bazaar, and Dance and Kailali Singing competition  Inter-School Extra Masuriya VDC-6, 29 January 2017 Curricular activities Likma Masuriya, competition Kailali  Establishment of Masuriya VDC, Kailali 30 December, 2016 Revolving Fund Total 12 16

Annex III: Details breakdown of participants on the basis of sex S. N. District Community Total Sex Male Female 1 Sunsari Dharan 295 89 206 2 167 77 90 3 155 80 75 4 Udayapur Triyuga 251 146 105 5 Saptari Pipra Paschim 183 69 114 6 Mahottari Bardibas 152 52 100 7 Chitwan Kalika 185 110 75 8 Nawalparasi Nayabelhani 157 76 81 9 648 288 360 10 324 270 54 11 Rupandehi Sainamaina 420 191 229 12 Dang Bijauri 183 71 112 13 Purandhara 218 87 131 14 654 469 185 15 2583 1210 1373 16 Banke Binauna 189 69 120 17 Kohalpur 712 277 435 18 423 358 65 19 272 88 184 20 Surkhet Birendranagar 152 68 84 21 Bardiya Gulariya 160 31 129 22 Kailali LamkiChuha 1041 367 674 23 347 210 137 24 209 173 36 25 Ghodaghodi 166 94 72 26 Musuria 2088 1020 1068 27 978 455 523 28 271 92 179 Total 12 16 1358313583 6587 6996

Annex IV: Details breakdown of participants according to the Caste/Ethnicity S. District Communit Tot Caste/Ethnicity Classification N. y al Brahmin/ Dalit Eth Newa Madheshi Muslim Othe Chhetri nic r r 1 Sunsari Dharan 295 62 24 153 33 6 5 12 2 167 35 18 103 6 0 0 5 3 155 34 23 87 8 0 0 3 4 Udaypur Katari 251 153 75 19 1 0 0 3 5 Saptari Pipra 183 30 16 80 2 0 25 30 Paschim 6 Mahottari Bardibas 152 66 21 62 3 0 0 0 7 Chitwan Kalika 185 84 26 73 2 0 0 0 8 Nawalparas Rankachuli 157 84 24 41 1 0 0 7 9 i /Nayabelha 648 162 56 395 20 0 3 12 ni 10 324 27 29 256 3 0 3 6 11 Rupandehi Sainamaina 420 255 55 91 6 10 1 2 12 Dang Bijauri 183 97 45 40 1 0 0 0 13 Purandhara 258 1118 810 627 5 0 3 20 3 14 218 85 80 48 0 0 0 5 15 654 290 198 160 1 4 0 1 16 Banke Binauna 189 57 32 96 0 0 1 3 17 Kohalpur 712 290 93 294 5 7 3 20 18 423 268 46 91 6 0 0 12 19 272 202 15 42 0 3 1 9 20 Bardiya Gulariya 160 45 25 65 0 5 8 12 21 Surkhet Birendrana 152 90 42 13 0 0 0 7 gar 22 Kailali Lamki 104 742 140 139 0 0 0 20 Chuha 1 23 347 290 28 21 3 0 0 5 24 209 173 20 14 0 0 0 2 25 Ghodaghod 166 129 8 29 0 0 0 0 i 26 Masuriya 208 1183 301 450 1 2 2 149 8 27 978 641 131 183 5 0 0 18 28 271 163 48 56 0 1 o 3 To 12 16 135 tal 831 358 372 3 6855 2429 8 112 38 55 366

Annex: V Detail breakdown of participants according to the age group S. N District Community Total Age wise Disaggregation of Data 0-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40+ 1 Sunsari Dharan 295 25 70 10 34 16 23 117 2 167 1 4 8 25 34 32 63 3 155 0 7 11 14 30 32 61 4 Udaypur Katari 251 3 24 8 16 25 21 154 5 Saptari Piprapanchim 183 113 11 4 5 11 21 18 6 Mahottari Bardibas 152 0 0 11 23 36 36 46 7 Chitwan Kalika 185 3 15 14 26 46 26 55 8 Nawalparasi Rankachuli/Nayabelhani 157 0 3 19 26 48 26 35 9 648 487 77 21 18 18 9 18 10 324 0 444 57 29 41 51 102 11 Rupandehi Sainamaina 420 40 190 104 24 9 24 29 12 Dang Bijauri 183 0 6 31 36 45 10 55 13 Purandhara 218 4 13 59 53 26 25 38 14 654 155 220 95 37 60 45 42 15 2583 664 863 635 214 110 50 47 16 Banke Binauna 189 0 3 22 33 35 41 55 17 Kohalpur 712 93 463 22 32 35 29 38 18 423 11 33 40 40 84 70 145 19 272 32 32 20 39 54 48 47 20 Bardiya Gulariya 160 0 7 13 22 33 35 50 21 Surkhet Birendranagar 152 5 6 15 30 27 61 90 22 Kailali Lamki Chuha 1041 597 379 20 17 18 4 6 23 347 134 91 38 25 35 10 14 24 209 47 65 15 26 35 8 13 25 Ghodaghodi 166 0 32 30 13 27 16 48 26 Musuriya 2088 758 854 302 46 34 43 51 27 978 479 393 55 20 9 11 11 28 271 2 9 47 55 50 35 73 Total 12 16 1358313583 3653 3914 1719 963 1034 808 1492

Annex VI Universe and Sample of Feedback of the participants

S. N. District Community Total Sample Remarks

1 Sunsari Dharan 295 30 2 167 16 3 155 14 4 Udayapur Triyuga 251 29 5 Saptari Pipra Panchim 183 19 6 Mahottari Bardibas 152 17 7 Chitwan Kalika 185 16 8 Nawalparasi Nayabelhani 157 15 9 648 58 10 324 41 11 Rupandehi Sainamaina 420 40 12 Dang Bijauri 183 20 13 Purandhara 218 25 14 654 60 15 2583 200 16 Banke Binauna 189 20 17 Kohalpur 712 55 18 423 45 19 272 37 20 Surkhet Birendranagar 152 16 21 Bardiya Gulariya 160 16 22 Kailali LamkiChuha 1041 50 23 347 33 24 209 22 25 Ghodaghodi 166 16 26 Musuria 2088 105 27 978 87 271 19 Total 12 16 1358313583 1121

Annex VII: Concept Notes of Peace Events Collaborative Peace Rally and Secondary School level Competition on Cultural Program for Social Harmony and Promotion of Peace

Topic of the peace Collaborative Peace Rally and Secondary School level Competition on events Cultural Program for Social Harmony and Promotion of Peace The main objective of the peace rally and cultural program was to enhance the Purpose of the social harmony and promote peace through students and other young people in the Peace event respective communities. Another objective of the event was to promote the idea of connect sustainable goals and peace building, including many other peace messages to the students so that they can spread their knowledge and disseminate the messages in their families, schools and other individuals that support enhancing the harmony in the society. By realizing that as students are the hope and future of the family, society, nation and the whole globe the messages of the peace is really important to make them peace loving leaders in the future. Approach Speech  Students from around 5 to 10 Secondary School may be Competition more if there would be more schools available. and Peace Rally  Teachers from same Schools/colleges,  Representatives from VDC/Municipality, politicians, Local Peace Committee, WCF, CAC, CBOs, NGOs, police, media, different consumers groups business person, intellectuals, ECs, women, marginalized people, youths, community people and so forth;  Hundreds of play cards along with dozens of messages that spread the message of social harmony and peace where the theme of International Peace Day will be reflected.  Banners from schools and other organizations (we need to request them to come with banners and we also need to give them advise through a formal letter how they can make it) where the theme of International Peace Day will be reflected.  It will be maximum 45 minutes to 60 minutes and will move for the major parts of the community,  The rally will ends at the venue of the cultural program and cultural program will be started with few remarks,  In the beginning of the rally, the chief guests of the day will inaugural it. Cultural  Schools will be collaborated through formal request and Program

direct meetings with them,  Schools will prepare a team for cultural program i.e. songs, dances and drama and other comedy talk that spread message for social harmony and promote peace.  There will be three kinds of competition i.e., on singing, dancing and drama,  An independent evaluation committee will observe and ensure the result based on the systematic evaluation process,  The guests that are invited in the program will be linked through short remarks in beginning, between and at the end of the cultural program,  The winners (until level four) will be awarded with a certain amount in cash (it should be calculated later how much we can plan) and certificate. For our clarity winners will be schools not individual students and school will be awarded.  All the students who participate in the cultural program will be provided certificate of the participation appreciating their active participation.  FMs stations, leaflets, miking will be used for the announcement of the program to reach wider community during the rally and cultural program.  All these events will be captured in videos.  At the end of the event there will be special closing ceremony where the prize and certificates will be provided.  At the end, a press release will be prepared and circulated.

Interaction Program As part of the peace events, two interaction programs were organized in Dharan Sub-Municipality City of Sunsari and Katari Municipality of Udaypur districts. Topic of the Interaction Program peace events Purpose of the The interaction programs were designed to include the wider level of participants to events discuss on structural causes of conflicts and the role of the community in terms of promoting peace and social harmony in Udaypur district. Also, to make aware about the status of ex-combatants in the community, program was designed in Dharan. Approach Interaction In 2012, almost six years later, the cantonments were closed by program in providing the package of integration, voluntary retirement and Dharan rehabilitation. More than 90% ex-combatants opted voluntary retirement package and reintegrated into the society. As final closure of

cantonment, the process was completed by integrating 1422 ex- combatants into Nepal army and reintegrating of 15630 into society. After the voluntary retirement, most of them opted to live near the cantonments in which they lived for five years, and which had better facilities and livelihood options compared to their villages or places of origin. Settling in new places raised the questions over access to resources, matter of dignity, collaboration with other stakeholders in community as well as continued discrimination against ex-combatants and the problem of integrating into the very social order dominated by exclusion on the basis of caste, class and gender, for which these former combatants sought to fundamentally transform and dismantle during the joining of war. The purpose of integration and rehabilitation of the combatants was to ensure security and stability in post-conflict environments so that recovery and development can give faster momentum. The reality of the reintegration was significantly different than the expectations that were raised during the war and cantonment life, and the most pessimistic projections and fears proved to be unrealistic. The challenges associated with ex-combatants also reported very diverse among foot soldiers to senior commanders as well as male to female and so on. The problems within the ex-combatants who opted for voluntary retirement also reported different; however many of them suffered with their identities "former rebellion or enemy" in new communities and obtaining adequate packages to build a better life. In this context, an interaction program was designed in Dharan to discuss about the existing problems of ex- combatants in Dharan and the role of thecommunity in peace building.  Invitation to ex-combatants, community people, political parties' leaders, representative from local government bodies and National Human Rights commission to discuss on the existing status of ex- combatants (around 200 people).  A short documentary screening prior to formal discussion  Ensuring the participation of stakeholders including ex-combatants, community people, political parties and advocacy groups.  Documentary screening will be maximum 20-25 minutes and floor discussion with various stakeholders.  Speech from political parties, government representatives and other guests

Interaction As one of the contributing factors to Maoist conflict was linked with Program in structural inequalities related to caste, ethnic, or gender discrimination Udaypur embedded in the Nepali social structure. Further inequities stem from

widespread poverty, political and social oppression of a large part of the Nepalese society, regional disparities, and failed decentralization as well as corruption and nepotism among local elites. More significantly, the failure of the political establishment to include Dalits, ethnic groups, women, and other underprivileged groups into the political mainstream after 1990 deepened the disappointment in large sections of the society. Therefore, in order to address the issue of untouchability and end the existing discrimination among Dalit and marginalized communities in Udaypur district, an interaction program was organized.  organizations will be collaborated to organize the interaction program in community to end the discrimination on the basis of caste.  DFs along with advisory committee members circulate the invitation letter and other information to concerned authorities in the district  Pro Public request or invite chief guest and special guest for the program  An independent evaluation committee will observe and make result based on the systematic evaluation process,  The guests that are invited in the program will be linked through short remarks in beginning, between, for discussion, and at the end of the program,  FMs stations, leaflets, miking will be used for the announcement of the program to reach wider community during the interaction program.  At the end of the event there will be closing event by chair of the program  At the end, a brief report will be prepared of the event.

Inter Party Friendly Football Competition Program for Social Harmony and Promotion of Peace

Topic of the peace events Inter Party Friendly Football Competition for Promotion of Peace and Social Harmony The main objective of the inter-party friendly football Purpose of the Peace event competition is to enhance the culture of collaboration among political parties and to promote peace. Similarly the match has supposed to deliver the message of peace through political parties to the entire community because political parties are considered as steering power of

society. Similarly event was concerning about realizing the coexistence of political parties to fostering peace in the communities. The message was keenly directed to create acceptance towards those who are in minority through brining all political parties together. In the same manner the event has believed to deliver that everyone in the community has equally responsible to enhance peace and harmony in the community. Approach Inter-Party  Political Parties Like Nepali Congress, CPN UML, Friendly CPN (Maoist Center), National People Front, New Football Shakti Party Nepal, National Democratic Party Competition Nepal and Nepal Workers and Peasants Party Program  Local Cadres of Political Parties, Members of Advisory Committee, Members of SDGs, Members of APF Tripura Brigade, Members of Kohalpur Sports development committee and local people as viewer.  Banners and repeatedly played peace song, announced peace messages and radio announcement.  Banners from co-organizer in the program.  In the beginning of the program, the chief guests of the day will inaugural it.

Football  Political parties will be collaborated through formal Competition invitation and direct meeting with them, program  Political parties will be prepared a team among cadres and register the players list one day before  Two games will be played in a day as per the rule of Federation of International Football Association (FIFA).  An independent Referee will be appointed to make the game impartial and fare.  The guests that are invited in the program will be linked through short remarks in beginning, between and at the end of the football program  The winners (until level four) will be awarded with a certain amount in cash (it should be calculated later how much we can plan) and certificate. For our clarity winners will only be political parties not individual, political parties will be awarded.  All the Political Parties will be appreciated by distributing certificate and appreciation letter.  FMs stations, leaflets, miking will be used for the announcement of the program to reach wider community during the football competition.  All these events will be captured in videos.  At the end of the event there will be special closing ceremony where the prize and certificates will be provided from chief guest and special guests.

Concept Note and Planning on Establishment of Social Dialogue Revolving Fund

Introduction During the implementation of the project, Pro Public visited every project communitiesnumbers of time and met hundreds of ex-combatants, conflict victims, women and other marginalized groups and they were engaged as DFs or as member of Social Dialogue Group. Working closely with them, Pro Public observed directly their poor economic conditions from which they are suffering for the hand and mouth, health and education of kids and so forth. Even they have some skills and willingness to do something for the income generation they don't have money to make any income generation activities. In this condition, Pro Public realized that if Pro Public could establish a Social Dialogue Group Revolving Fund targeting to DFs and member of SDGs that can help them to borrow some money from the fund and they can start some income generation activities. Realizing this aspect and after discussion with the USAID on the concept Pro Public checked with all the 16 project communities whether they want to establish such fund or not from the money of the one peace event scheduled in the respective communities. Out of 16 communities 13 communities (except Triyuga, Udaypur, Pipra Paschim, Saptari and Sainamaina, Rupandehi) showed their keen interest to establish such fund. Based on their interest, Pro Public has planned to establish such fund finally.

Objectives:

1. To improve the economic condition of the DFs and members of the SDGs.

Expected Outcome

2. Social Dialogue Group Revolving Fund are established and operationalized in the 13 project communities; 3. The income generation activities of the DFs and members of SDGs are improved; 4. The connections and relationships among DFs and member of SDGs are strengthened;

Collaboration

1. The banks, cooperatives, saving and credits groups will be collaborated during and establishment and running of the fund;

Activities

1. Preparation of the event, consultation with local bodies, advisory committees, local peace committees and other stakeholders, invitation of the guests, participants; 2. Announcement through local FM stations

Time Line The Social Dialogue Group Revolving Fund will be established during December 2016 to February 2017 organizing formal events.

Annex VIII: Selected Photographs of Peace Events

Dharan, Sunsari (Peace Rally and School level speech competition)

Figure 1: Peace Really in Dharan/Sunsari Figure 2 : A winner receiving certificate in Dharan/Sunsari Dharan, Sunsari (Interaction Program)

Figure 3: Chief guest and guest during the singing Figure 4 : Participants of Interaction program in Dharan of national anthem in interaction program Dharan, Sunsari (Establishment of Revolving Fund)

Figure 5 : Establishment of Revolving Fund in Figure 6 : Briefing of guidelines of revolving fund by Dharan DF

Katari, Udaypur (Interaction program)

Figure 7: Participants in the interaction program on Figure 8: Guest and participants of interaction program Caste Discrimination in Katari/Udaypur in Katari/Udaypur

Pipra Paschim, Saptari Lower Secondary Level Speech Competition

Figure 9: Participants of lower secondary level Figure 10 : Winners of Lower secondary school level speech competion in Pipra Paschim/Saptari speech competition in Pipra Paschim Saptari

Bardibas, Mahottari (Establishment of Revolving Fund)

Figure 11: Establishment of Revolving Fund in Figure 12 : Participants during the establishment of Bardibas Revolving Fund Kalika, Chitwan (Establishment of Revolving Fund)

Figure 14 Guest of Revolving Fund in Kalika/Chitwan Figure 13 participants of during Establishment of Revolving Fund in Kalika/Chitwan

Rankachuli, Nayabelhani, Nawalparashi (Sport Activity)

Figure 15: Sport activity in Figure 16 Sports activities in Rankachuli/Nayabelhani Rankachuli/Nayabelhani Nawalparasi

Rankachuli, Nayabelhani, Nawalparashi (Peace Rally and Cultural Program)

Figure 17 Participants of Cultural Program in Figure 18 Participants of Peace Rally on Rankachuli/Nayabelhani Rankachuli/Nawalparasi

Rankachuli, Nayabelhani, Nawalparashi (Establishment of Revolving Fund)

Figure 19 Member of operating committee in Figure 20 Participants of Revolving Fund in Rankachuli/Nayabelhani Rankachuli/Nayabelhani

Sainamaina, Rupandehi (Sport Activity)

Figure 21 Honorable Minister of Supplies Figure 22 Participants of Peace Events in participating in Week Long Knockout Cricket Sainamaina/Rupandehi Competition in Sainamaina/Rupandehi

Purandhara, Dang (Peace Rally and cultural program)

Figure 23: Peace rally in Purandhara/Dang Figure 24 : Participants during the cultural program in Purandhara/Dang

Purandhara, Dang (Sport Activity)

Figure 25 Sports activity in Purandhara/Dang Figure 26 Players of sports activity in Purandhara/Dang after Awarded

Purandhara, Dang (Establishment of Revolving Fund)

Figure 27 Participants during establishment of Figure 28 Participants of Revolving Fund in Revolving Fund in Purandhara/Dang Purandhara/Dang

Bijauri, Dang

Figure 29 : Participants during the establishment of Figure 30: Establishment of Revolving Fund in Revolving Fund in Bijauri/Dang Bijauri/Dang

Inter-Party Friendly Football competition

Figure 31 Receiving Award; Participants of Inter- Figure 32 Reward distribution of Inter party Football Party Friendly Football Competition competition

Kohalpur Banke (Peace rally, Cultural Program and Speech Competition

Figure 33 : The guests and DFs in the Peace rally, Figure 34: Students in the Peace rally, Cultural Program Cultural Program and Speech Competition and Speech Competition

Kohalpur Banke (Peace Rally and Speech Program)

Figure 35 : Peace Really in Kohalpur/Banke Figure 36: A girl student speaking at speech competition in Kohalpur/Banke Kohalpur Banke (Establishment of Revolving Fund)

Figure 37: A photo of establishment of Revolving Figure 38: A photo of participants in Revolving Fund in Fund in Kohalpur/Banke Kohalpur/Banke

Birendranagar, Surkhet ( Establishment of Revolving Fund)

Figure 39: Participants during the establishment of Figure 40 : Participants during the establishment of Revolving Fund in Birendranagar/Surkhet Revolving Fund in Birendranagar/Surkhet

Binauna, Banke (Establishment of Revolving Fund)

Figure 41 Participants of establishment of Figure 42 Establishment of revolving fund in Binauna Revolving Fund in Binauna/Banke Banke

Gulariya, Bardiya (Establishment of Revolving Fund)

Figure 43 : Participants during the establishment of Figure 44: Participants during the establishment of Revolving Fund in Gulariya/Bardiya Revolving Fund in Gulariya/Bardiya

LamkiChuha, Kailali (Peace Rally and cultural Program)

Figure 45 : The guests in the Peace rally, Cultural Figure 46: The Students performing dance in the Peace Program and Speech Competition rally, Cultural Program and Speech Competition

LamkiChuha, Kailali School Level Teachers' Volleyball Competition

Figure 47: A photo of School Level Teachers' Figure 48: A Players of School Level Teachers' Volleyball Competition Volleyball Competition after closing of the program

LamkiChuha, Kailali (Establishment of Revolving Fund)

Figure 49: Participants in Revolving Fund Figure 50: A photo of a Ceremony of Revolving Fund Ghodaghodi, Kailali (Establishment of Revolving Fund)

Figure 51: Participants in Revolving Fund Figure 52 : The participants in Ceremony of Revolving organized in Ghodaghodi/Kailali Fund

Masuriya, Kailali (Sport Activity)

Figure 53 Peace Events in Masuriya/Kailali Figure 54 Participants of sports activities in Masuriya/Kailali

Masuriya, Kailali (Establishment of Revolving Fund)

Figure 55 Participants of Revolving Fund in Figure 56 Participants of Revolving Fund in Masuriya/Kailali Masuriya/Kailali

Masuriya, Kailali (Peace Rally and Cultural Program)

Figure 57: Peace Really in Masuriya/Kailali Figure 58: A Cultural in Masuriya/Kailali

Annex IX: Details of Social Dialogue Revolving Fund S. N. Community Bank Account Amount released (NRs.) 1. Masuriya, Kailali Mahalaxmi Development Bank, Masuriya, 60,000.00 Kailali. A/C: 01600100225632000001 SamjikSambadSamuhaGhmtiKosh, Masuriya, Kailali 2. Ghodaghodi, Kailali Agriculture Development Bank, Sukhad, 60,000.00 Kalali: A/C: 0822301160235014 SamjikSambadSamuhaGhmtiKosh, Kohalpur, Banke 3. Lamki, Kailali Bank of KathamnduLumbini Ltd. Lamki, 60,000.00 KailaliA/C: 015200000167524 SamjikSambadSamuhaGhmtiKosh Lamkichuha, Kailali 4. Kohalpur, Banke Agriculture Development Bank, Kohalpur, 60,000.00 Banke: Ac number: 0720501145044010 "kha" SamjikSambadSamuhaGhmtiKosh, Kohalpur, Banke 5. Gulariya/Bardiaya Agriculture Development Bank, Gulariya, 60,000.00 Bardiya, A/C: 0720601153300012 6. Birendranagarnagar, Bank detail is being received soon 60,000.00 Surkhet 7. Binauna, Banke Sanima Bank, Nepalgunj, A/C 60,000.00 : 017-000-007000 SamjikSambadSamuhaGhmtiKosh, Binauna, Banke 8. Purandhara, Dang Bhargav Bank, Purandhara, Dang: A/C: 60,000.00 00900100027998000001 SamjikSambadSamuhaGhmtiKosh, Hapure, Dang 9. Bijauri, Dang IME Cooperative Bank, Ghorahi, Dang 60,000.00 Ac number: 003000123516 SamjikSambadSamuhaGhmtiKosh, Bijauri, Dang 10. Nayabelhani, DevBikas Bank, Arunkhola, Nayabelhani 60,000.00 Nawalparasi Ac number: 3011199002425 SamjikSambadSamuhaGhmtiKosh, Kohalpur, Banke 11. Kalika, Chitwan Alpine Development Bank, Kalika, Chitwan. 60,000.00 A/C:01400800047491000001 SamjikSambadSamuhaGhmtiKosh, Kalika, Chitwan 12. Bardibas, Mahotari Jyoti Development Bank, Bardibas, Mahotrai. 60,000.00 A/C: 00300100092372000001

SamjikSambadSamuhaGhmtiKosh, Bardibas- 3, Mahotari 13. DharanSunsari Agriculture Development Bank, Dharan, 60,000.00 Sunsari. A/C: 0602701152785010 SamjikSambadSamuhaGhmtiKosh, Dharan, Sunsari Total 780,000.00

Cash Deposit Slip of Amount Transferred to the Social Daialoue Groups Revolving Funds in the 13 Communities

Community Bank Account 1. Masuriya, Kailali

2. Ghodaghodi, Kailali

3. Lamki, Kailali

4. Kohalpur, Banke

5. Gulariya/Bardiaya

6. Birendranagarnagar, Surkhet

7. Binauna, Banke

8. Purandhara, Dang

9. Bijauri, Dang

10. Nayabelhani, Nawalparasi

11. Kalika, Chitwan

12. Bardibas, Mahotari

13. Dharan Sunsari

Annex: X SampleDirectives of Revolving Fund (In Nepali) ;fdflhs ;+jfb ;d"x 3'DtLsf]if Joj:yfkg tyf kl/rfng lgb]{lzsf, @)&# k|f/lDes

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# kl/efiffM ljifo jf k|;+un] csf]{ cy{ gnfu]df o; lgb]{lzsfdf–

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-v_ æ;fdflhs ;+jfb ;d"x 3'DtLsf]if Joj:yfkg tyf kl/rfng ;ldltÆ eGgfn] of] 3'lDtsf]ifnfO{ Joj:yfkg tyf kl/rfng ug{ ;DalGwt lhNnf÷;d'bfodf ;+jfb ;xhstf{ tyf d]nldnfkstf{x¿ / ;fdflhs ;+jfb ;d"xsf ;b:o¿sf lardf u7g ul/Psf] Ps ;ldlt ;Deg'kb{5 .

-u_æn8fs'b]lv zflGt lgdf{tf;Dd sfo{qmdÆ eGgfn] o"P;PcfO{8L÷g]kfnsf] cfly{s ;xof]udf k|f] klAnsdfkm{t b]zsf !@ lhNnfsf !^ ;d'bfox¿ -k|:tfjgfdf pNn]v ul/Pcg';f/_df;~rfng ePsf]sfo{qmd ;Demg'kb{5 .

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$= 3'lDtsf]ifsf] p2]ZoM s_ ;d"xsf ;b:ox¿sf] cfly{s:t/df qmlds ?kdf ;'wf/ ug]{ . v_ ;d"xx¿nfO{ ;fd"lxs ?kdf art ug]{ aflgnfO{ k|j4{g ug]{ .

kl/R5]b–@ 3'DtLsf]ifsf] :yfkgf ;DalGw Joj:yf

-s_n8fs"b]lv zflGt lgdf{tf;Dd sfo{qmdcGtu{t :yfkgf ul/Psf] ;fdflhs ;+jfb ;d"x 3'DtLsf]ifnfO{ e/kbf]{ :yfgLo a}Fsdf sf]ifsf] ;ldltsf kbflwsf/L tyf ;b:ox¿dWo]sf] ;+o"Qm x:tfIf/df ;~rfng x'g]u/L vftf vf]nL ;~rfng ul/g]5 . a}+s vftfsf] x:tfIf/df ;+jfb ;xhstf{ tyf d]nldnfkstf{af6Ps hgf, ;fdflhs ;+jfb ;d"xsf ;b:ox?dWo]af6Ps hgf / Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf afFls k|ltlglwx¿ -gu/kflnsf÷ufla;, :yfgLo zflGt ;ldlt / ;Nnfxsf/ ;ldlt_ dWo]af6 Ps hgfu/L hDdf # hgfsf] x:tfIf/ sfod ul/g]5 / ltg} hgfsf] clgjfo{ x:tfIf/df vftf ;~rfng ul/g]5 . a}+s vftf vf]ln;s]kl5 ;Dk"0f{ /sd a}Fs vftfdf a}+sdfkm{t k7fO{g] 5 / ;Dk"0f{ sf/f]af/ a}Fsdfkm{t g} ul/g]5 .

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kl/R5]b–# 3'DtLsf]ifsf] :yfkgf ;DalGw hfgsf/L / o;sf] k|of]u

-s_ ;+jfb ;xhstf{ tyf ;fdflhs ;+jfb ;d"xsf ;b:ox¿nfO{ Ps 7fpFdf e]nf u/fO{ o; lgb]{lzsfdf cfwfl/t eO{ 3'lDtsf]ifsf] :yfkgf / o;sf] k|of]usf af/]df hfgsf/L u/fpg] . -v_ 3'lDtsf]ifsf] k|of]u ubf{ ;a}eGbf lakGg ;b:o -cg'';"lr – ^ cg';f/_ nfO{ k|fyldstfdf /fv]/ o;sf] kl/rfng ul/g]5 . ;fy} sf]ifnfO{ k|To]s O{R5's ;b:ox¿nfO{ cfnf]kfnf] u/L s;}nfO{ gbf]xf]l/g] u/L Joj:yfkg ul/g]5 / gofF OR5's ;b:ox¿ gePdf klxnf 3'DtL sf]ifsf] k|of]u ul/;s]sf ;b:ox¿nfO{ k'gM pknAw u/fpg ;lsg]5 .

kl/R5]b–$ 3'DtLsf]if /sd nufgL tyf kl/rfng ;DalGw Joj:yf

-s_ 3'DtLsf]if ;xof]u lngsf] nflu ;+jfb ;xhstf{ / ;fdflhs ;+jfb ;d"xsf ;b:ox¿ o; 3'DtLsf]ifsf] clgjfo{?kdf ;b:o aGg'kg]{5 . o;/L ;b:o aGbf ;b:otf z'Nsafkt ?= %))=))-;d'bfosf ;b:ox¿ :jo+n] lgwf{/0f ug]{ ePsf x'gfn] ;d'bfocg';f/ km/s x'g ;Sg]5_ ltg'{kg]{ 5 .

-v_ 3'DtLsf]if ;xof]u lngsf nflu kl/R5]bdf pNn]lvt sfuhftx¿ k]z ug'{kg]{5 .

-u_ ;fdflhs ;+jfb ;d"x 3'DtLsf]if Aofj:yfkg ;ldltn] Joj;fosf] k|s[lt x]/L u/]sf] l;kmfl/;cg';f/ Ps hgf ;b:on] a9Ldf #) xhf/;Dd C0f ;ldltsf] lg0f{ocg';f/ ljgflwtf] dfl;s ! k|ltztJofhb/df /sd k|fKt ug{ ;Sg]5 . Psk6sdf lnPsf] /sd a9Ldf ^ dlxgfleq kmsf{O ;Sg'kg]{5 .

-3_ 3'DtLsf]ifaf6 k|fKt /sd lglb{i6 p2]Zo eGbf aflx/ nufPsf] kfO{Pdf ;fdflhs ;+jfb ;d"x 3'DtLsf]if Joj:yfkg ;ldltn] h'g;'s} a]nf klg cfjZos sf/jfxL u/L k};f lkmtf{ ug{ ;Sg]5 .

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kl/R5]b–% 3'DtLsf]ifsf] Joj:yfkg ;DalGw Joj:yf

-s_ 3'DtLsf]if /sdnfO{ Joj:yfkg tyf kl/rfng ug{ lgDgcg';f/sf] ;fdflhs ;+jfb ;d"x 3'lDtsf]if Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf] u7g ul/g] 5 . a}7s a:gnfO{ ;ldltsf] s'n ;b:o ;+Vofsf]

%! k|ltztnfO{ sf]/d ;+Vof dflgg]5 . of] ;ldltsf] a}7s eQf x'g] 5}g .

-!_ ;DalGwt gu/kflnsf÷ufla;sf sfo{sf/L clws[t / ufla; ;lrj ! hgf -@_ ;+jfb ;xhstf{tyf d]nldnfkstf{ af6 * -;+jfb ;xhstf{ tyf d]nldnfkstf{sf] ;+Vof ;dGwLt 7fpFsf] ;+Vof cg';f/_ hgf– ;b:o -h;dWo] Ps hgf ;b:o ;lrj /xg u/Llg0f{o ug]{_ -#_ k|To]s ;+jfb ;d"xaf6 Ps hgf k|ltlglwsf lx;fjn] & b]lv !! hgf -dlxnf ;xeflutfnfO{ k|fyldstfdf /flv, ;d'bfo / k"j{ n8fs'x¿ b'a}sf] k|ltlglwTj ;'lglZrt ug]{_– ;b:o -$_ :yfgLo zflGt ;ldltsf] ;+of]hs! hgf –;Nnfxsf/ -%_ ;Nnfxsf/ ;ldltsf] tkm{af6 ! hgf k|ltlglw –;Nnfxsf/

Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf] ;+of]hs Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf] a}7saf6 rog ul/g]5 .

Joj:yfkg ;ldltaf6 lgDgcg';f/sf] Ps qm0f ;ldltsf] u7g ul/g]5 h;n] k/]sf lgj]bg pk/ 5nkmn u/L cfjZos lg0f{o lnO{ qm0f pknAw u/fpg] sfo{ ug]{5 .

-!_ ;DalGwt gu/kflnsf÷ufla;sf sfo{sf/L clws[t÷ufla; ;lrj ! hgf – ;+of]hs -@_ d]nldnfkstf{ tyf ;+jfb ;xhstf{af6 @ hgf– ;b:o -#_ qm0fsf nflu dfu u/]sf] ;+jfb ;d"xaf6 ;DalGwt k|ltlglwx¿ -lgj]bg ;+Vofsf] cfwf/df k|ltlglwsf] ;+Vof /xg]_

;fdflhs ;+jfb ;d"x 3'DtLsf]if Joj:yfkg tyf kl/rfng ;ldltsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/

-s_ 3'DtLsf]ifnfO{ j[l4 ug{ ;xhLs/0f ug]{ .

-v_ qm0f ;ldltaf6 ePsf lg0f{ox¿sf] cg'udg ug]{ .

-u_ 3'DtLsf]if ;xof]u /sdsf] p2]Zocg';f/ nufgL eP gePsf] cg'udg ug]{ .

-3_ 3'DtLsf]ifaf6 ;~rflnt Joj;fosf] lgoldt cg'udg ug]{ / k|ultsf] af/]df dfl;s ?kdf clen]v /fVg] . -ª_ lgoldt 3'DtLsf]if c;'nL / k'gMnufgL ug]{ .

-r_ ;d"xsf ;b:on] pTkfbg u/]sf j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] ;xh ljlqmsf nflu cfjZos ;xhLs/0f ug]{ . -5_ Joj;fo j[l4sf nflu cfly{s tyf k|fljlws ;xof]usf] nflu ;b:onfO{ cGo lgsfo;Fu cfj4tf u/fpg ;xhLs/0f ug]{ . -h_ ;ldltsf ;b:o ;lrjn] sf]ifsf] aflif{s a}7sdf 3'DtLsf]ifsf] ;DaGwdf k|ltj]bg k]z ug'{kg]{ .

kl/R5]b–^ 3'DtLsf]if c;'nL ;DalGw Joj:yf

-s_ 3'DtLsf]if /sd lgsf;f x'Fbf sf]ifsf] ;ldlt / Joj;fo ug]{ JolQmaLr ul/Psf] ;Demf}tfadf]lhd tf]lsPsf] ;dol;df / tf]lsPsf] 3'DtLsf]if lkmtf{ k|lqmof Psd'i6cfwf/df lkmtf{ ug'{ kg]{5 .

-v_ 3'DtLsf]ifsf] ;dol;df Joj;fosf] k|s[tL x]/]/ al9df ltg -#_ dlxgf tf]Sg ;lsg]5 . -u_ 3'DtLsf]ifsf] /sd k|of]u u/]jfkt dfl;s ! k|ltzt Jofhltg'{kg]{5 . -3_ s'g} sf/0fjzM 3'DtLsf]if /sd ;dol;df leqdf lkmtf{ ug{ g;s]df 3'DtLsf]if Joj:yfkg tyf kl/rfng ;ldltsf] a}7ssf] lg0f{oadf]lhd ;dol;df gf3]sf]] ldltaf6 a9L x'g cfPsf] ;dosf] nflu tf]lsPsf] Jofhb/ eGbf ltg u'0ff -@ k|ltzt_ Jofh tyf xhf{gf nufP/ 3'DtLsf]if c;'nL ug'{kg]{5 .

-ª_ tf]lsPsf] ;dodf 3'DtLsf]if lkmtf{ ug{sf nflu /sd lnPsf] :jo+ JolQm g} lhDd]jf/ /xg] 5.

-r_ 3'DtLsf]ifsf] /sd kl/rfngdf ;b:oaf6 cg'zf;g lxgtf jf lxgfldgf ug]{ k|j[lQ b]lvPdf tTsfn 3'DtLsf]if Joj:yfkg tyf kl/rfng ;ldltsf] j}7s j;L pQm j}7ssf] lg0f{ofg';f/ sfjf{xL u/L /sd c;'n pk/ ul/g]5 .

-5_ 3'DtLsf]if nufgL u/]sf] JolQmsf] d[To' ePdf /sd p;sf] Ps} kl/jf/df /x]sf] kl/jf/sf cGo glhssf ;b:ox¿ ->Ldlt÷>Ldfg\÷5f]/f÷a'jf÷cfdf_ af6 pQm /sd c;'n pk/ ul/g]5 .

kl/R5]bM& 3'DtLsf]if lgsf;fsf nflu cfjZos sfuhftx?

-s_ 3'DtLsf]if ;xof]u k|fKt ug{sf nflu 3'lDtsf]if ;ldltnfO{ ;Daf]wg u/]sf] lgj]bg kq . -v_ 3'DtLsf]if ;xof]usf nflu 3'lDtsf]if ;ldltsf] lg0f{osf] k|ltlnlk . -u_ 3'DtLsf]ifaf6 k|fKt /sd s]df nufgL ug]{ eGg] s'/f lgj]bg kqdf :ki6 pNn]v u/]sf] . -3_ gful/stfsf] k|ltlnkL .

kl/R5]b–* 3'DtLsf]ifsf] cg'udg ;DalGw Joj:yf

-s_ ;fdflhs ;+jfb ;d"x 3'DtLsf]if Joj:yfkg ;ldltn] a]nfa]nfdf nufgLsf] cg'udg ug]{5 .

-v_ ;+jfb ;xhstf{ d]nldnfkstf{ ;d"xn] klg a]nfa]nfdf nufgLsf] cg'udg ug]{5 .

kl/R5]b–( ljljw

-s_ of] lgb]{lzsf sfof{Gjog ug]{ qmddf s'g} jfwf c8\rg pTkGg ePdf sf]if Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf] a}7s a;L cfk;L ;xdlt cg';f/ jfwf c8\rg km'sfOg] 5 . v_ 3'lDtsf]if kl/rfng ub}{ hfFbf o;nfO{ yk Jojxfl/s / k|efjsf/L agfpFb} hfgsf nflu lgb]{lzsf ;+zf]wg ug{ ;lsg]5 / ;+;f]lwt lgb]{lzsf Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf] a}7saf6 cg'df]bg u/fpg'kg]{5 cg';"lrM

!= 5fk @= lgj]bgsf] 9fFrf #= ;b:ox¿n] k|j]z z'Ns tyf dfl;s ?kdf art hDdf ubf{ k|of]u ug]{ ekf{O{ $= qm0fsf] ?kdf ;b:on] /sd a'em\bf k|of]u ug]{ ekf{O %= sf]ifsf ;b:ox¿nfO{ k|bfg ul/Psf] kf;a'ssf] 9fFrf ^= ;DkGgtf :t/Ls/0f &= ;fdflhs ;+jfb ;d"x 3'lDtsf]if kl/rfng clen]v kmf/d

cg';"lr – ! 5fksf] gd'gf

;fdflhs ;+jfb ;d"x 3'DtLsf]if :yfM @)&# o'P;Pcf8Lsf] ;xof]udf k|f] klAns4f/f ;~rflnt n8fs'b]lv zflGt lgdf{tf;Dd sfo{qmdcGtu{t :yflkt ======gu/kflnsf÷ufla;, ======lhNnf

lgj]bgsf] gd'gf

cg';"lr – @ ldlt @)&# ;fn ======

>Ldfg\ ;+of]hsHo" ;fdflhs ;+jfb ;d"x 3'DtLsf]if Joj:yfkg ;ldlt ======ljifoM ;fdflhs ;+jfb ;d"x 3'DtLsf]ifaf6 qm0f pknAw u/fO{lbg'x'g af/] . dxf]bo, lhNnf ======ufla;÷gkf÷pdkf j8f g+ ======lgjf;L >L ======gflt÷gfltgL÷a'xf/L >L ======sf] 5f]/f÷5f]/L÷klt÷kTgL aif{ ======sf] d======n] d]/f] lhljsf]kfh{gdf ;xof]u k'Ug] lgDg tflnsf pNn]v ul/Pcg';f/sf] Joj:ffo ;~rfng ug]{ of]hgf /x]sf]n] ;fdflhs ;+jfb ;d"x 3'DtLsf]if lgb]{lzsf, @)&# cg';f/ ?======-cIf?lk, ?======dfq_ ======dlxgfsf nflu qm0fsf] ?kdf pknAw u/fO{lbg'x'g' o;} lgj]bg;fy xflb{s cg'/f]w ub{5' . o;/L k|fKt /sdsf] dfl;s ! k|ltzt Jofh;lxt ;fdflhs ;+jfb ;d"x 3'DtLsf]if lgb]{lzsfsf] k|fjwfgcg';f/ ;dod} lkmtf{ ug]{ laZjf; lbnfpg rfxG5' .

Joj;fosf] of]hgfM -s_ kl/of]hgfsf] gfdM -v_ pTkfbg ul/g] j:t' M -u_ Aoj;fo :yfkgf ul/g] 7fp M -3_ pTkflbt j:t'sf] ahf/ If]qM a:t'sf] pTkfbg nIo -^ dlxgfdf_ qm=;+= ljj/0f pTkfbg kl/0ffd

;xof]usf] nflu wGojfb . lgj]bs M

56 gfdM ======7]ufgfM ======x:tfIf/M ======

;b:ox¿n] k|j]z z'Ns tyf dfl;s ?kdf art hDdf ubf{ k|of]u ug]{ ekf{O{sf] 9fFrf cg';"lr – #

/sd k|fKt ekf{O ;fdflhs ;+jfb ;d"x 3'DtLsf]if, @)&# o'P;Pcf8Lsf] ;xof]udf k|f] klAns4/f ;~rflnt n8fs'b]lv zflGt lgdf{tf;Dd sfo{qmdcGtu{t :yflkt

>L÷>LdtL ======af6 ;fdflhs ;+jfb ;d'x 3'lDtsf]if, @)&# sf] ======jfkt ?======-cIf?lk ?======_ /sd ldlt ======df k|fKt ePsf]n] ;wGojfb ;lxt of] ekf{O{ k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 .

/sd a'emfpg]sf] gfd / x:tfIf/ /sd a'lemlng]sf] gfd / x:tfIf/ gfdM======gfdM======x:tfIf/M======x:tfIf/M======

/sd k|fKt ekf{O ;fdflhs ;+jfb ;d"x 3'DtLsf]if, @)&# o'P;Pcf8Lsf] ;xof]udf k|f] klAns4/f ;~rflnt n8fs'b]lv zflGt lgdf{tf;Dd sfo{qmdcGtu{t :yflkt

>L÷>LdtL ======af6 ;fdflhs ;+jfb ;d'x 3'lDtsf]if, @)&# sf] ======jfkt ?======-cIf?lk ?======_ /sd ldlt ======df k|fKt ePsf]n] ;wGojfb ;lxt of] ekf{O{ k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 .

/sd a'emfpg]sf] gfd / x:tfIf/ /sd a'lemlng]sf] gfd / x:tfIf/ gfdM======gfdM======x:tfIf/M======x:tfIf/M======

qm0fsf] ?kdf ;b:on] /sd a'em\bf k|of]u ug]{ ekf{O{sf] 9fFrf cg';"lr – $ qm0f /sd k|fKt ekf{O ;fdflhs ;+jfb ;d"x 3'DtLsf]if, @)&# o'P;Pcf8Lsf] ;xof]udf k|f] klAns4/f ;~rflnt n8fs'b]lv zflGt lgdf{tf;Dd sfo{qmdcGtu{t :yflkt d ======lhNnf ======ufla;÷gkf÷pdkf j8f g+ ======lgjf;L ======gflt÷gfltgL÷a'xf/L ======sf] 5f]/f÷5f]/L÷klt÷kTgL aif{ ======sf]n] ;fdflhs ;+jfb ;d'x 3'lDtsf]ifaf6 ?======-cIf?lk ?======_ /sd ldlt ======df ======;dosf nflu dfl;s ! k|ltzt Jofh ltg]{ u/L k|fKt u/L b]xfosf ;fIfLx¿sf] /f]xj/df of] ekfO{ ul/lbPsf] 5' .

/sd a'emfpg]sf] gfd / x:tfIf/ /sd a'lemlng]sf] gfd / x:tfIf/ gfdM======gfdM======x:tfIf/M======x:tfIf/M======cleefjsM gfdM======gftfM ======aif{M ======x:tfIf/M======

;flIfx?M gfdM======gfdM======j8f g+======j8f g+======aif{M ======aif{M ======x:tfIf/M======x:tfIf/M======

qml0fsf] bfofF afFof

O{lt ;Djt\ @)======;fn ======dlxgf ======ut] /f]h

sf]ifsf ;b:ox¿nfO{ k|bfg ul/Psf] kf;a'ssf] 9fFrf cg';"lr – %

;fdflhs ;+jfb ;d"x 3'DtLsf]if, @)&# o'P;Pcf8Lsf] ;xof]udf k|f] klAns4/f ;~rflnt n8fs'b]lv zflGt lgdf{tf;Dd sfo{qmdcGtu{t :yflkt artstf{ kf;a's kmf]6f]

;b:osf] gfdM ======;fdflhs ;+jfb ;d"x g+======7]ufgfM ======;b:otf g+=M ======sd{rf/Lsf] x:tfIf/M ======ldlt hDdf u/]sf] /sd lems]sf] /sd Jofh /sd Kl5Nnf] ;dosf] hDdf lems]sf]af6 hDdf -?=_ u/]sf]af6

;DkGgtf :t/Ls/0fsf] 9fFrf cg';"lrM ^ ;DkGgtf :t/Ls/0f ;fdflhs ;+jfb ;d"x(Participatory 3'lDtsf]ifaf6 Well /sd Being pknAw Ranking) u/fpFbf o; sf]ifn] ;d]6]af ;b:ox¿sf] lardf ;DkGgtf :t/Ls/0f u/L nufgL ug'{kb{5 h;n] ubf{ ;a}eGbf cfjZos kl/jf/÷JolQmnfO{ sf]ifn] ;xof]u k'¥ofpg ;sf];\ . p4]ZoM :yfgLo afl;Gbfx? s] s:tf ;"rsx?sf] cfwf/df cfly{s :t/ tyf ;fdflhs x}l;ot 5'6\ofp+5g\ eGg] kQf nufpg' . ;d'bfon] :yfgLo ?kdf cfly{s cj:yfnfO{ x]g]{ tl/sf / pgLx?sf] wf/0fff kQf nufpg' . t'ngfTds ?kdf clt ;DdGg b]lv clt ul/j kl/jf/x?sf] klxrfg ul/ To;sf] ;"lr tof/ kfg'{ . u/LaeGbf u/La kl/jf/x?sf] cfly{s ljsf; / ;fdflhs x}l;otdf kl/jt{gsf nflu cfjZos of]hgf th'{df sfo{sf nflu cfjZos kg]{ j:t' l:ylt kQf nufpg' . ;+sng ug{ ;lsg] ;"rgfx?M :yfgLo kl/j];df ;DkGgtfsf ;"rsx? -cfly{s, ;fdflhs, /fhg}lts tyf cGo_ åGb k|efljt s'n 3/w'l/ / 3/d'ln dlxnf k'?ifsf] gfdfjln . cfly{s / ;fdflhs ?kdf ;j}eGbf ljkGg, dWod / ;j}eGbf ;DkGg kl/jf/sf] ;"lr . ljkGg / ;DkGg eg]/ lgZsif{ lgsfNg'sf :yfgLo sf/0fx?sf] ;"lr . ;DkGg :t/Ls/0f ug'{ eGbf klxn] rflxg] ;'rgfsf] kmf/d 3/d"lnsf] gfd 3/d"lnsf] gfd s}lkmot dlxnf k'?if Dlxnf k'?if hDdf

;DkGgtf :tl/s/0f ljZn]if0f tflnsf juL{o tx :tl/s/0fsf cfwf/x? clt ljkGg -==== åGbsf sf/0f >Ldfg u'dfPsf], ^ 5f]/L, & hgf kl/jf/ ;+Vof ePsf], ;b:o_ P]nfgL hUuf, hUuf @ s6\7f, zfl//Ls cj:yf sdhf]/L, Hofnf dhb'/L ug]{, ljsf;sf sfddf ;d'x ;+:yfdf ;xeflutf gePsf cflb ljkGg -==== ;b:o_ kl/jf/ ;+Vof !* hgf ;Dd, @ b]lv % s6\7f ;Dd hUuf ePsf], l/S;f rfns, e/v/} ljb]z uPsf] t/ sdfosf] k};f lj/fdLdf vr{ ePsf], v]tL gePsf], . s[lif dhb'/, , /fhld:qL / hUuf gePsf] . blnt -afhf ahfpg], h'Qf l;pg], ;do–;dodf ef/t hfg]_ . dWod -==== ;b:o_ e/v/} ljb]z uPsf] / pGgtL gePsf], 6fo/uf8Þf af6 cfDbfgL / v]t ePsf], v]t gePsf] / ljb]z sdfO{af6 k|ult ePsf], & s6\7f hUuf / v]tLkftL ug]{, kl/jf/ ;+Vof -!% ePsf]_, /f]huf/L -dhb'/_, k'/f]lxt, k};f nufgL ePsf], % s6\7f hUuf / ljb]z uPsf], #) s6\7f v]t ePsf], ;/sf/L hflu/ ePsf], s[lif kmd{ df hflu/, Jofkf/ / clnslt v]t ePsf] . ! ljuxf hUuf ePsf] snf / l;k ePsf], gf]s/L / Jofkf/, $ ljuxf hUuf ePsf] -gbLn] s6fg u/]sf]_ . ;DkGg -==== ;b:o_ hldg # ljuxfb]lv dfly, ;/sf/L hflu/ -dflyNnf] tx_ k};f nufgL, hgsk'/df 3/, kz' clwofdf .

;fdflhs ;+jfb ;d"x 3'lDtsf]if kl/rfng clen]v kmf/d 9fFrf cg';"lrM & ;fdflhs ;+jfb ;d"x 3'lDtsf]if kl/rfng clen]v kmf/d ;d'bfo÷lhNnfsf] gfdM ======qm=;+= qm0f lnPsf] C0f lnPsf] r'Stf Jofh a'emfPsf] a'emfPsf] a'emfPsf] s}lkmot JolQmsf] gfd lnPsf] C0f ?= ug'{kg]{ b/ ldlt ;fjf ?= Jofh ?= ldlt ldlt