I--' X \ /2 1107I I /i\l a I c ri riI r Kalachakreand the Twentv-FiveKulika Kings of Shamlthsla: A Xylographfrom Prague
LLrboiBdlka
'l'hc'l'ihctun rlt'tlriclancl. thc kingclomol'Slrurrrhhulu rs-- accortlirruto thc Tibctltrrrr rittcn tcxts und onrl rccountins a parallclu or.ltl.inr isiblc lundinacccssihlc 1o conrtnort pcoplc. J-lris riorld hus onlr'linritcd corrnetti- ons u ith thc visihlc u'or'ltlo1 and arrir.nuls.rThc kinsrlonrol 1'rcoplc 'l-intt ShrLIrl'rhalltis thc plucculrt-t'c thc tclchingol'thc Il"irr,r'ltt.l (Sti.A,r1rr- -l cltttkrrr.l'ib.I)trnkhtn' lrtu.s l/ir.,r'l) rcrnains prescrvcd. Iror il-rt-tunsthis is its nrainlolc. hut it is not thc onlt'onc. Accorclinsto thisTurrtlic tc',1. Shrmhhalau,ill l'rcllso thc;rlaccol'spiritual arrcl carthlv rcvivul ullcl thir Bucldhist'ul,orltlis savcd fkrrtt dcstructionbt'l.ralharic Lrnbclicvcrs.l "T.r- Shamhhalaas a nrythickingdorn probably cxistcd cycn bclurc the ning Whccl of'thc Lau'", tlratis hclirrcthc originationol'Buddha Sltakva- muni's teaching.I1-rvc consider Tibetan sourccs. \\/c can assLlmr'that thc l'irst Dharntaraja ancl ruler ol- Sharnbhala,Suchandra. approachccl thc BLrddhato ask1-or the Kalachakratcaching as a king of a counlrythat had
This rvork uas supportcdhr,the Crant Agcncl,of thc Czcch Rcpublic.Pnrject No. 10ll05l)114 (2005-2007):Intugt' uttd'[c.rr itt lJudlltistn:']iberartattd llongolittn Itrt- nograpltt.Thc xyloglaphicthangka is publishcd*'ith thc pcrrlissionol the \etionll N{r:scurr- Nriprstek N{useunrof Asian, Africln and Anrericln Culturc,rin [)rlglr-. CzechRcpublic (Collcction No. A l6 330). 'A Detarlsscr: e.g. Car jc K'lnr-trul Rinpoche. Ceographl antl Histor1' ol' Shrnrbhrln . Tihct.lountal 3/3, I978, 3- I l. "barblrian" 2 About Tibctrn undcrstandingof thc tcrm scc c.g. Klrininl Kollmar-Pau ''Der lcnz. Buddhisnrusals Camnt yon Frrcdctt urtrl Rulte.Zu rcligrilscnLcgitimttr- onsstrategienvon Ceu'rlt nm [3cispielder tibetisch-buddhistischcn\lissionicrung dcr Nlongoleiin spiten I(r. Jrhrhundcrt",Zeit.stltrift.fiir Rell,gion.srlr.rrcrt.stltuir I l/1. 100,1. "Cina 202-20-5;see also IVIartin Slobodnik, a'blr-Lrari'-stcreot)'p)'r'zobrazovani'inc "Barbarians" "Othcrs". ho"' [Chinr and Stere()types in Depictittnof thc in Slovakl. in: Viktor Krupa (ed.).Orrutt a Oktilent v ktrttaktotlta kntlttnttrititttl1.Bnttisllra. "Thc Vcdl 1999. 90 l 0 l ; scc also N4artinSlobodnik. Pcrccptionof Tibct in (-hinl: Ilet' q,ccnDisclainandFascinatirrt'r".Fu.lettHisrotital.lrntntal 17.2(X)6.7l !10; andAlc "N{istakcn xanclcr[Jcrzin, Forcign Nl1'thsahout Sharnbhala". (Novcnrl.cr i996. rr'r'iscd ivlay and Deccmber200.1)
all Lhcattril.rutcs ol-a ntltlric kinsclorn.This countrl'di1'lercrl ll'ont ull thc tltllcrsltt thattilttc. latcr antlhclirrc in thut sLrl'l'criitgclitl rtot lulvc tltc cx- tclltthltt is cotttt.ttotron cirrlh.In l'acl.this coLrntlr clitl not rclllt rrccriBrrdtl- Ila's tclching t l'tosclnxin t()l)icri'as sul'lcring (Su. r/irlrAlirr1.[{rucvcr. ri'lratit necclccl\\'as n histoficalvision.justil'ring Lhc rcdccnrins. or.solcrio- Io,'ic rtrlco1'this kingdom. ancl such vision rras prcscntin thc Krrlrrclirr- kt'{tt(tlttt'(t. Thc tcrt. hrotrghthcrc b1-SLrchanclrl. ollcrcd Shurll.rhlLllthc -fhc histor.iclLlltfosl)cct. tlr pt'ophccr. ..spiritrlrlr.cvival" ol shurnl.rhlrluis ttttircrslLl itl rttttLtrc-.bcclLLtsu- lrccor-dinq lo Ktrltrclrtrkr'(ttttntt(tlutrlolhcl. tc\l\ t'clrLtinsto Sitarlbhlla.lltcr thc tcrntintrll-rlLttlc crcnhorlr *ill urlhcrcto thc onll cort.ccIrcligion lBudtlhisrn'). unircrsal l)r-lcc iul(l hli:s rriil crtr- lrt'lret-rll tltcctrrth. lLnd halhariuns antl hcrclics nill bc crtcnlinrrtcrllhrnt thc rror.ld.Thc conccpto1'thc ..spiritual rcvivrLl" \Lll)p()scs an ilnlccc(icnt llctiotlol tlcclirtc.n'hich includL-s ()ur pfcscnt tinrc lnrl lr lcu ncrt ecrrttr;i- c\.' 'l llrtlitiollali,r'.tltc-l'ibctrtnrttl'tholshunrl-rhullr iscloscl_r r-cllrlr:rl toiltctc- 'l-lrnti.ic rclrrnguhoLrt lhc \\'hccl ol''l-inrcand thc r-clcvunt ttrt {Su. Arrlrr- t ltukt'tttttttlt'tr)"u'hich originatcd in norLhcr-nlndil ilt thc l0rlrol' l lrl,cclltu- r.r.Thc timc r.i'hcnthis tcxt. clcalingn,ith thc Buddhistconccption ()1 tlrc cnclol thc rvorlcland tinrc(.i.c. r,r.,ith un cschaloklgicaltopicl. nas n'rirrcrr. u ascharactcrizcd hv thc scnsatiuno1'clangcr. In northcrnIndia. Budrlhisrn u'assubjcct to thc grou'in-spressurc lrom traditionalHinduisrn. and on lhc othcr hand"it ivascndangcrcd by cluicklyspreading Islarn. Both ol-rhcsc luctsrvcrc proicctcd in the tcxt and tlrc latcr intclprctatirinsol'thc'I'antra itscll'.Historical cvcnts clf the Ilrl,centu11,\\,crc rccast into a Budclhistvi- sion.or thc Buddha'stcaclring, u'hich was sr-rpposcdto u,inovcr "bar.bari- an Islarn"rvith the hclp of'subordinatccl(not dcl'catecl)Hinduisrnin thc l'u- tLrlc.TIre historicalrcality' ol tlrc llth ccntury was l'rou'cvcrconrplctclv dil-l'crcnt.Buddhisrn at that[imc \\'asnol thc rvinningreligion: as a nu]ttcr ol'l'act.it \\'entthlou-uh probablv thc '"1'orstpcriod ol'its cxistcnccin Intlia. r\ltcr f iliccn centurics.it rvasbcing clrivcnaway l}om its craclle. J'hcrc n'c- fe scvcralcaLlscs lirr thc cxtinctionol'Indian BLrddhism.the nrostirrrpor- tanthcing thc prcssurcfl'orn its religious rivals -- thc quickly spreadirrgIs- larnand Hinduisrr. This. togcther *'irh thc inabilitvol-thc sangha ro rcsisr stronscxternal influcncc led to thecrpulsion ol'Buclclhism to ncighbrrling counlrics.Even though the timc and historiculcircumstance s o['thc r:crrc- sisof-tcxts capturin-u thc ShanhhrLllLrr1,'th arc knor.r,n. thcsc tcxLs canrrot hc hr:rrrtlcdur orrtinllllrBuddlri.t. since thcr tcpl.cscntI rrcrr irrtcr.Ir.rtilti()n.
"sharnbhull 3 lror dctails seeAnonrmus, -. Thc Nlacic Kingclorn",
Thc conncctionto originlLlHindu tcxtsis nrainlvrcpfcscntcd in thc I'igurc ol'Kalkin.thc chicl'ol'llrahrrurr*an'iors. As .lohnNcivrnan strcsses. thc Kuluclrul;rttt1l/r1r7rtcxt ults sittccits tcrr bcginrrirrgunrlcrslood lrs hlrrins t\\'oinlcrl)fctlrtions. Thc lirst.L's()tcric intcr'prctation ol LhcBLrilclhist mvtlr "irtncr" crnbfaccsthc illusionar--r'imrgcuncl thr-rs spcuks irbout ln lasthutt- "()Lr- lc: thc scconcl.cxotcric intcrnrctation is at.routr.cal. lactunl and thus an tcr" lastbattlc:
ln lirct.lha crlcrnrtlultr trill \rrlrl\ l)elr rluLir:tldr:pl:rr. Kulkitt Cllrkritt uill ronlrr rc uP to rrrcrrrhrlnr tha ll|l()-!.r'r!!'iilthc \lu\linr\: tlroLr-thnrt-ditatirc (i)n!elltrillr(\]l ht nill rlrlilrtc \'r)un1le\\nlt.Lir'lrrrt\c\ thlit \\ill !xllti\ilic thc nrintlsol'thc hrithlrtirttt. clrtr-rin.sthtrr|r t() !()lr\cll ltr llrrtirlhi.nr.I:Lrrtlrcr rrrorc. lhc liclrul $ar uill n()l lirkc Il r- ce in thc rlil!r()e{)\nro\ thc ottl'itlcrtrrt ltl it sill oecur tithin thc nlet()r(J:Jlt\)\ 'lttntt,t.) tltc lroil) ol tht'lttutliottcr ol tlte l1/rr'rI rtl lintt
Sol'iaStril-Rcrcr'.i irr tlrr-ri'liclc Irrlrlisht-cl on thr-intc-rnct scrvcr lirrr1r1- hulirttit 2001. stltcs thitt rll Sirrtntbhllurulcr.s lrc boclltisattvus.Onc o1' tl'rcnrost inrportant uuri tr'picrrl qLrtrlitics ol cvcn l.rotlhisuttvlL"lcc()rdlnu t() tlrc Iluclclhisttcaching. is tirc abilit,rto clrooscLhc tirrrc and pllLcco1'thcir' rcbirthancl to chooscthcir pur.cnls.f lrat nrclns that cach boclhrslrltrlr i: bornon ltalthdclihcratcl)1. Onc goodcxarnplc ol'such a situationis thc lust r-chirtho1-thc tsodhisattva as PlinccSitlclhartha. the l'u1ureBLrddha Shlkr'- amuni.Bodhisattvas arc born out o1'thcirou'n dccisionand fl'ccrr,ill. rrro- tivatcdby compassion. 'lb answcrthc qr-restionu'hethcr. this holdstruc ahoutrnythical Shamb- Iralarulcrs. rvc'"r,ould havc to sturl)'fclcvantIndian and. abovc all" Tihctan soul'ccsin -urcatclctail. l{orvc\/cr. thc vicu'o1'Stril-Rcvelis an isolatcdonc. T'hcsucccssion cll'rulcrs in Sharnhhalais solvcdin the rval'thatis closcr' andmol'c conrprchcnsiblc to our cultur.irland hisLclrical backuround thun is 1hetl,pical bodhisattva linc o1'rcbirth.Thc Sharnbhalarulcrs pass on therc- ign l-r'omfnthcr to son.Such a ltlrnrol'succcssion is ty'picalo1'nronar.chi- cal I'arnilicsand has a biologicalancl genetic liiLrndation. In the cascol hodhisattvas.lbr instancein thc linc ol'TibetanDalai Lanras.a dil'lcrcnt lirrrr ol-successionrvls chosc'n.[:r'cn DalaiLarna. bcittg a bodhisattvrr.rn- tcntionallychooscs his rcbirth.bul. is horn in the same\\'ilv as anl othcr child.Thus. a problcmariscs ho\\'to tcll thata ccrteinchild is thc ncn rc- "r-cincarnation" birth (thc uscol'thc rvord is incorrcct)of thc bodhisatti'a. To asccrtaincorrcctncss. thc u holeirrstitution ol-proccdLlfcs o1' l'indirt-u lrntl
"EschatologY John Nervman, in thc \\ hccl o1'TirneTantni". in: Donrld S Lo1tz. Jr (ctl.).Buddltisnt in Pruttite, Princcton.Princcton Universitl'Press 199(r. l3-{-lfi9: lS5 "Raudra SofiaStril-Rever. Chrkrin.r'inut-cinquibnre roi-kalkin de Shenrhhala".
-l'ibct. rcco-gnizingthc ncrv tLrlkurlcVclopccl in It is usually A tcanror a conlnlissiotlrt,ho ttrake thc first sclcctionol'childrcn. oul ol u'l.rorrrorrc is choscnlrs thc tulku.('It tttcansthat thc iinc ol-'Iihctanl)alai Lurlus lc- -.thc pfcscntst'cpcatcd rchirtlts ol onc andonlY hodhisattva ltatronstiint o1 Tibct.bodhisattva Chcnrczig (-l'ib. sp\'(1rt t'(ts,q:l,q.s, Sa. At'u!okiteshvuru). As opposcclto thc Shanrbhalarulcrs. thc ncu'lv horn and laterrccognizcd DalaiLarna is thusnot lr sonol'thc prcccding Dalai Lartra (hc uoLrlrlhavr- bccnnrthcr I spilitualcktnc ol'I kirrd).Onc ol thcreastil-rs is thut cli!rnit.r- ricsol thcciclLruplr orclclin Tibct livcd in cclihLcr'(it\\'as not thc rulccl- scuhcr.c"t-.g. in Bun,atia).unothcr and tltc rlccisivconc is thlt thc pr.ct.c- clLrisitclirt'a ttc*'tLrlku is thc tlcathol'thc ltrccctlingonc. J'hc Shurllrhell rtllcrsotl tltc othcr-hittttl puss thcrr cmpir-c to thcir.sons. r-c{urcllcss u hctltcr. thcvelc hodlrislrttt'usor not. Al-tcr.asltort ovcrvicu ol thc litcr.an'soLlr.ccs ol'thc Shlntl-rhularrtvth. thc]list0r-rclrl eolltc\t ttttrl tlis.tt.ri,'n lbr.rLrt tltc statLts ol thcShlunlrhalu r-rr- lcrs.u c ctrnlirclrs on Ihe r'ariouscnrrntcr-lttions ol' thcn-r. Thcrccxists vulir'rus lists o1'sllrrnhhall rulcrs: thcv ureclivo-sc. hccaLr- sc ncltall TiltctanIluclclhist nronastic ol.dcrs hold iclenticalvicvu,s ol this rnattcr.Fol instlncc-thc list of-TibctanBucldhist orclcr Jonangptt l.jo ttuttg Trrrldil'l'crs sLrhstantillly lirrn thc list o1'anothcrTibetan tsuclclhist Gc:lLrgllL ldge ltrgsltul 6 Sec Dafai Lttrrt. f reL'rhnrtirt Etilc;'l ltc.\utobio,qrttplttol the Dului Lttntt.l-onclrrn Hodderand StoughronLtd. 1990 Ednin []ernbaunr.77rc l12r' rrt sluuttbltula. rr-cu York: Anclror Books 19s0.287; sceal "Studics strGcor-les Rocrich. in the Klilacakr'1"..ltturnu!ol Llnt.svatiilinttluyrtrt Re.s,.- unlt Irt.stitute2/1, 1912.{Rcprintcd in: Yuri Ilerikh f=Gcor--qcsRoerichl. l:brtnnnt,tru- r/r'lCollcctcd\\1orks. in Russianl,\loskvl: Nauka l9(r7.l5l-16-+. Andlci N'I.Strcikol. Leyettdurt Slrcrntltttleyt tiltattnu-ttltntrn ln.ulrliiskitnistot.hnikunt x)'lll - tncltalu XX n: IThe ShanibhelaLegcnd in the Tibctan trucldhistSourccs l'rpnr the Illlhto beginningol thc r0!lrccnturrcs. in Russilnl.Lilun,L-i{c: [nstitut Nlgngoltr vcdcniu.Buddologii i Tiberologii2001. (Ph.D. l'hesis). -5 l. |]eo Kttlttt'ltttkruturtl tlrt"l\t t'ttt','-l:itt, Ktrliktr Kitr,q.srtl ^\lrttrtrltlrLrltt vcars.'rf'hc rLdi'antagcol'Lrsing onc s()urcclist is obvious:the rlil'l'crcnccs in nan.tcsantl oldcr ol succcssionsc]ciorl conccrn nllcrs \\htr lrlc vicncci as the kcv oncsin thc past.l)r'r-sent lrrtd litlurc o1'Sharnhhrrlir. lnd s()it is possiblcto Llsconlv onc list rceornpanicclu,ith pictorial rnlLtclial. Thc first irnl)ortantl'igLrrc is LrnckrLrhtccllvthc lirundclol thc kingdonr. i.c.thc first Dharntara.jaPLrnclat'ika. tlrc scconcl onc is thc unil'icr.o1'thccnr- ;rir.cancl thc uinrtcro1'thc l'ir.st Shlnrl.rhala hlttlc'N{an.jLrshrikirli urtl linrrl- lv thc thirclonc is thc ninncr in thc llLsthuttlc. llLrdlr Chlrklin.'fhc othcr' Dharnltra.jusantl KLrlikasdo not l)rc\cnLsueh rntptrltlrnt ligLrres in the ShurnhhullIriston'that thcir lilc stor.icsuoulrl lrc prcscrvcd.\\ ho is Ilig- dcnJurtn,lnu I)rlrgpu, in SunskritNlaniuslrrikirti ) \\'hlt is thc rrclrrrn!,,1 tlrc'l-ilrctancrprcssion Rigrlcn lri ltltrrtllLnrl tlrc Slurslir.it rroltl Kuliku.) ,g.s 'lnrl Rigclcn.litcrlllv translatccl. nrcuns'-()l ll so()(ll'unrilr in Jibellrnrt "Lrnilicl stltttlsliit'''hlrvinc urt oriqitt. irlr iurcc\tr-\' .,\rroihcr-r'lrrilrnt is ol' ci-rstcs.holdcr ol' lincusc(sr-rcccssion t". l-hc Sunskritcrplcssion A'ir1rlirr or. Krrlll is oldciancl it shouldbc ct;Lrivlrlcntto tlrc-fihctln Rigdcn. llorrcvcr'. as lirr instanccAndrc,v N4. Strclkov slrvs. thc u'lrolcnlrtlcr is nrorccorrr- plcx. Al'tcr scvcnShanrbhlrlrr lLrlcrs. Kings tll I)hrti.nritSt. tlltttrtnttttr.jrr'. Tih. chogi,allcho.s rgrttll) sudclcnJl' Kulrkus. unilicls ol lanrilr'.lrlive orr the sccncduc to lhc l.actthut thc eighthrulcr. l.rcing thc lirst to bcarthc tit. lc o1-Kulika. Manjushrikirti.grantcd rlclcgatiun to rll Shanrhhalainhahi- tants(Sa. abhi.slteka, Tib. rvang/dbtutgl). unilcd thcnr. ancl invitcd thcm to the Kalachakramandala. Thr-rs. hc r.vasthe rulcr."r'hounitcd thc Shanrhha- la pcopleinto one spiritualf'arnily. Thc existcnccof various.overlappirg. but di1-f'crcntlists o1-namcsol- Shambhalarulcrs is cvidcnccdby thc lirllou'inccnurlcraticlr.r o1' Sanskrit narrcsol- scvcn Dharma Krngs, Dharmarajas. and t\\,cnt\, 1-ii,c linclgc lsLt- cccssion)holclcrs. Kulikas, u'hich n,as proviclcd by curr.cntnronks o1'Nanr- gyal nronastcryin Dharansala: Kings of Dharma l. Suchandra 2. Dcvendra 3. Tcjasvin 4. Chandradatta 5. Dcveshvara 6. Chitrarupa 7. Dcvcsha t) About his uork Suru-Pitttka.lerle,i("Onc HundreclBrskcts") scc c.g. Joscl KolrttaS. Stunuriber.skiho ltirt.,mnirtv[ [Surl ol Tihctan Lrtcraturc.in Czcch]. Prahu:Algo l(X)-{. 55-56. 1r00 l:rhtt.i lJ,'lk,t Lincageholclcrs E. N'lanjuYashas 2 I . Cihandraprrrbllr 9. PLrndarika 22.Anantu 10.Bhaclra 23.Palthivl ll" Vijal'a 2;1.Slrripala 12. N{itrebhadnr 25.Singha I -1.I{irtnapani tl{rrktapanil 26.Viknrnta l-1.\'islrnLrgLrptr 27.N4ahahlla 15.Sun akirti 18.Anirorlhu l(r. Sr-rl'rhldru 19.Nltrasinslur 17.SnnrLrdl \ii.jur l -10.l\4thcsltvulu lfi. I)ulcl.jave 3l. Anuntl.java 19.SLrn'u ll. RuuilraClrrrkri J0. Cihitlarupu In his rl'orkon Iluddhisticonovraphr'. tlrc oLrtstlrrrtlinc ItrrlilLr IlLrridho- Iotist anrlTil-rctarrist GiLrscpPc Tucci 1'rr.ovirlcsinlirrrnlLtion orr tlrc or.i,'in tll Shurnl-rhalanrlcrs and thc list ol-thcscrulcrs itscll. *'hich is lruscclon l'i- l.rcLansourccs. particulaflv on Lhcu,orks o1'thc l4th !cntur'),historian.Bu- t l 0 Anothcrr lrranto1'thc Tibctan ancl Sanskrit name o1'thc sccond Dhlrnrlr:rie is nublis hcd in thc Collcctionof l5(r inlges ol thc cleities ol thc lvlongolianKalachlkla \lln' drla: LheirrangChugchen lllro tillnrtg plt.tu,gLltutl. sceAndrcy A.'lclcntler'. (/7rz- delitcl'butldii.skiklt i:.obru:ltcttii/ Ilutldlti.st ltrtrtoqruttltt ltlerttilitutiort Cuitlt. Sankt-Pr-tcrsburs:Nartanc 100,1. 256. Fis. la. 'l\t It o Ktrltttltttkrtr trrttl tlt,, t,trtt'-l:irt' Ktrliktr(rrr,q.s o/ .t/irrttrltlr,rltt (1.) 7. Chtruvall.lltiu itnstlcrtlL ltos t',gtullltu'i dbtur,qltlurtl. Slr. Dhur' mala.jaDcvcshu ( SLrr.cslrana). ' (lJ.) I. RigdcttJarlnltl l)r'lgPlr lri,q.s ldtttt'.junr dltal ,q/.r/,ql/7(1, juttt lltt- rlir.r',gr-rr,q.s/.liSu.KLrliku Nllrn.jushlikilti, also knon'n as \1an.ju Yiri- Irrs.His atlribLrtcsirrc u lrook(Sa.7rir.rtrr(ri: Tib. lloti llto til ,,tr'lct- hrrrn/,q/c.g.r irrurrl. pcchu ltlltt, clrtrl\and a suorcllr (Sa.a.rr. klttttlqtr. -l'ih. rultlrilnrl .s,qril,) asthc onlv l'igLrrcin thc list l.rrlsscssiltutltcsc t\\o rttrihutcs.\lan.jLrslrlikirti is togctlrcl ri ith tlrc l;rstShunrl.hlrllr KingIludrl ('huklinu nrrLnilcstntirinol'thc hodltisrrtLvu Nlunjuslrri.r' -l'hc hookis jrrthis casc'filrctun lcligioLrs tcxt \\'hichis irtun or.nu- tclv crrvcil uorrricubook covcl tStr.7rir.r'lrifrrr.siilira: fih. lcgslrirr.r Igl c g.s .s Ir i tt,gl).t t (9.) 2. Ri'rdcrrPcultkul lt i,q.sltlutt ltudtrttt r1,(zll. Su. KLrlikaPr.rndurikl. his rtttr.ihLrtcsur.c hcurls/roslrr'1 I lStt. ntttlu'.1-ib. thcnuu lr /'7rlr l)ralcr 'l'ih. rcrt.qlttrl) rintl lilttts b]ossotn lSt. lttttltrrtr.kutrttrltt. utp(rlu'. plLrl- rrlr.l)cutir lltttrlrntrl llttttl rtrtrl" chLrklc lt ltrr.skyt',s1. utpulu /rrl ltttitt' I ). (10.)3. Rrgrlcn/-attupo lriq: ltlttrtlt-ttrr,g 1tol. Sa. Kulikr Bhuciru.his utt- ributcsruc lt \\hccl (Slr.t^lt,tkt'tt. Tih. khorlol"kltot'1rrl: hcllkr rrr, nlolJ a:ntlu uhitc conchsltcll (Su..r/rrlrAlra:'l'ib. dLInukur./r1ror,q dkurll. (ll") 4. I{tgclcnNanrqr,al lrig.s ldutt nrutttr51rull. Sa. Kulika Vr,jaylr^his 'l'ilr. rttributcs are an clephant goad or ir-onhook (Sa. rirrftrr.s/ia. chagkl,ullL'ugs ktull artda snatc.n(x)sc or lasstt(S1.7;a.s/ra; Tih. z-hagpalzhags pal). (12.)-5. Rigdcrt Shcnycnzang lrigs lclattb.sltc.s gtten b-ctngl. Sl. Kulikr N4itrabhaclra(or Surnitra)his attrihr-rtesarc a bou' (Sa.lltrutus. clttr- pa, surosotta.ktduttdu" kurnrtrka. .\ot'tleu'. Tib. shu l,gsltulland ar- rorv(Sa. suro, ish.ltutttt'.Ttb. tla ltrtdu'l). (13.)6. RigclcnRinchenchag lrigs ltlutr rirtL'ltatt pln'ugl . Sa.Kulikn Rnt- napani/Raktnpani.his attrihutcsarc a va.jra(Sa.: Tib. tlor_1clrultt rjt'11 andbcll (Sa.g/rarrlrr. Tib. drilbultlril bul). '.jug (14.)7. RigdcnKhyrbju-lbcliru /i'r,q.i ldatt khyub ,sltalDrrl.Sa. KLIIi- ka VishntrgLrpta.his attrihutcsarc a tridcnt(Sa. lrl.rftrrlrr: Ti[.r. tscsLrrl lrtse gsttntl.thishula lrti slttt1al) and pritvcr bcads /rosar'y'i). ll LcrkcshClrandrl\.'l)urt.stt'rtletttul ,\rt ti'liltet. (Sltr-l'itakaScrics 185). Ncu Dclhi: In tcrniltif)nulAcaclcnry' ol' Indiln Culture and Adity'r l)rlrkuslrrn1996. 77. 'l 'l'ibctttrr tl Rolrct'tllcet. ltt L:ut't;loltrtlittol 5\'rirhrrlrttrrtl Mrtrifs, Lond()n: Scriniliu Pulr- lications lqgr).216'217. Platc I l-1. l-l Scc 1'syrcn-flazartSadrttlzhlpc)\,(cd.). Ikortrt.grufitt \hLl:hruturtt, IAn lcrtnorrephvol' Vljrrl'anl. in Russianl \'loskva: Dizain - Infbnnutsiu- Kartografiial(X)i. -13-+-.1E5. Fig. 3;163-{7. 'l'ibeturt l4 Il.. Bcer,'llrc I'.nttclopctliuol Slrrbo/s....21i 211. Platc l0l t32 0 Luboi Bdlku Fig.1. SahaiaKalachakra and the Twenty-FiveKulika Kings of Shambhala' blick andwhite xylograph, Mongolia, ca. 51.5 x 39'2cm, from Asian collections of NdprstekMuseum ol Asian,African and American Cultures in Prague, CzechRepublic (Collection No. A 16 330). Thexylographic thangka is publishedwith the permission o{ the Museum (l-5.)8. Ri-sdenNyimadrag lrigs ldcm n,-i nta gragsl, Sa. Kulika Surya- kirti (or Arkakirti) his attributesat'e a srvordand shield(Sa- pltola- ka, khetaka,charmo: Tib. phub lphubl). (16.) 9. Rigden Shitttuz-angpoh-lg.s ltltttr sltitt1u bi.ctttg,pol- Sa. Kulika Suhhadra.his attribLltcsarc thc sillneas in thc previouscasc. i.e. a sword and shield. (17.) 10. Rigden Gf ittsltoNarlgy'al lrigs ltlart rgt'u rtttshonrum rgt'all- Sa.Kulika SamudaVijaya. his attdhutcsarc an axe (Sa.parashu- kutharu, kulislru;Tib. drata ltlgru stal. tarc /.r/tr rel) and a severed headof Brahma (Sa. bralunamttkltct:Tib. I's/rarrgpa'ittg,o bo). (18.) ll. RigdenGyalka lrgyuldkcil. Sa.KLrlika Durjaya, Aja, his attri- butesare a club (Sa. tlcutcla.godu;Trb. chugpaldbyug pal, chu-eto Fig.2. Lineageholders (Tib. Rigdens, Sa. Kulikas) and SahaiaKalachakra: (1)Jampal Dragpa (Sa. Manjushrikirti) (25)Dragpo Khorlochen (2)Pemakar (Sa. Pundarika) (Sa.Rudra Chakrin) (3) Zangpo(Sa. Bhadra) (26)Dukhor Lhankje (4) Namgyal(Sa. Vijaya) (Sa.Sahaja Kalachakra) (5) Shenyenzang(Sa. Mitrabhadra or Sumitra) (27)Dorje Sempa (Sa' Vajrasattva) (6) Rinchenchag(Sa. Ratnapani/Raktapani) (7) Khyabiugbelwa(Sa. Vishnugupta) (8) Nyimadrag(Sa. Suryakirti or Arkakirti) (9) Shintuzangpo(Sa. Subhadra) (10)Gyatsho Namgyal (Sa. Samuda Viiaya) (11) Gyalka(Sa. Durlaya or Aja) (12)Wonang Nyima (Sa. Surya) (13)Dawa'i Wo (Sa.Chandraprabha or Shashi) (14)Natshogzug (Sa. Chitrarupa or Vishvarupa) (15)Sakyong (Sa. Parthiva or Mahipala) (16)Thayenyen (Sa. Ananta) (17)Sengge (Sa. Singha/ Simha or Harivikrama) (18)Pelkyong (Sa. Shripala) (19)Namparnon (Sa. Vikranta) (20)Tobpoche (Sa. Mahabala) (21)Magagpa (Sa. Aniruddha) (22)Misengge (Sa. Narasimha) 23)Wangchug (Sa. Mahabala or Maheshvara) (24)Thaye Namgyal (Sa. Anantalaya) lj3 O Kttlttt'ltukrctuttd tltc Trrenty-f-it'c Ku!ika Kin.q.sol'sltuttrltlttrlu .lr{t}rrvV<'11r.ra\t{!' 1 Itlhtus.lr.,/. bcchon lbe t'rtrl.hcng /bcrrrl) lrttci irott clrttitl (Slt-,ir-irrli- 'fib. Irttlu..sphrttrt: chagdrog//c/rrr,gs igrrrS/)' (19.) ll. Rigdcn\\itnans Nl,irtra/ri,q.s !lttrt'rxl .strtrtr.qttt'i rtrLr/. SlL. KLtli- ka Sury'a.his itttlibLttcsi-tre ltll .t\c ltlltlll(x)sc. 'ttll' (10.) 13.Rigdcn Dar.r'a'iWo,4'r,g.i !dtut :.lu ltrii Sa KLrlikaC-hatt- ch-aprabhu.(or Shashi)hisrttril-rtrtcs at.c ll uhce-lalld collcll shc... (21.) lrl. Rigdcn Natsh0gz.u-U/t'i,q.s ltlttrt.r'rttr 1.r/irr,g.t ,q:rrg.r'l. SlL. Kulrkll ChirrarLrpa.(9r Visl'rvarupa)his attriblltcsllrc a ho()katlcl rltltlsc. (ll.) 15.Rigclcl Sukyonq /rigs ldun rrts(r'r.,ii,g/. Slr. KLrliklr Pltttllivll (ttt' Nlahipalalhis attIihutcsttl'c it ct-ttVctlknilc tlr.chol.lllcr(Slt. lrr|t||. kurtu'r-i..Tib. drigugI,qri gugl l und u skull tlt.sktrll-ctt1'l (sil. A(/i)11l11: Tib. fhgpt ltltotlprtl " kapalalkLr lttt lLtl . hattdhlllttttt tllrttl . tlLtttschctt ldrurgcltartl ). tl.l I 16. RigclcnTltaYcnvcn /rig.s ltlttrt ilrtlt(l \(t.\,qtrtt'il1- SlL. KLrliklt Anlntn.his attrilrLrLcsulc lr lrltnt.ttct-(Slt.rrittrl,qrti-rr:'l'ilt. tltotrlt /l/trr hal) and ltltushlosstltrl. (l-1.)17. Rigclcn Scnggc /r-igs ldrtn.scrig ,gcl. Sa. KLrlilil Sirlglra/ Sirrrltn (rtl Harivikranla)his attrihulcsarc lt vajraarlcl bcll' (l-5.)lu. RigclcnPclkt,ong /rigs ldutt tlpttl.sl;ttntgl. Sl. KLrlikl SIll'rpala. his attributcsar.c a triclcntand a tant|ic stal'l'(Sa. A/irrll.rrrr,grrl f ih. khal.arllgalkhcr tam gal. khatrvamga/,(fttr ttrilttt g,ttll (26.) 19.Iligden Namparnon /rigs ldtutnlQ|tl por gnrntl,Sa. Vikranta. his attributcsare a club and iron chain. (21.) 20. RigclenTohpoche /ri g,sldcn stob.\ po cltcl, stt. Kulika Nlahll'ra- la - hc is thc onlv onc Shanrbhalarulcr dcpictcd rvithottt lhc ctttnta- rounclhis hcacl.his attributcsarc a dtunt dLtrrt,trrtltnLl e Llp ol.tctt.ts. '81r8.f (28.)21. RigclcnN{agagpa /rigs ltlurt/r?d pul. Stt.Kulika Animdcl- ha.his attributesarc a hook and noosc. Nirrasirn- Q9.) 22.Ri-cden N,liscnggc /ri,gs !tlan mi'i ,sorggcl. Sa.Kulika "Hulratt ha (litcrall)' lion"), his attributcis a u'hccl' (30.)23. RigderrWangchug /rigs ldarttlbung phvgl. Sa KtrlikaMaha- "Big bala (litcrally porvcrl'ul").or N{aheshr,ara.l'tis attributcs arc a choppcrand skull cup. (31.)24. nigden Thayc Namgyal/rigs ltlrtrtnthu' \'os rtl(ttnr.qt'a1l' Sa' KulikiAnanrajal,a ( l irerally''Unl imitedly'ictorious" ) his rtt'ibr-rtes arca vajraand bell. (12.)25. RigdenDragpo Khorlochen /rig,s ltltn tlrog prt'kltttrkt t:ltuttl. Sa. KLrlikaRuclrt chakrin.ls his attributcsare a spear(Sa. ftrrrita. shctkti..s/rrr1a;Tih. duug/rririrrrrgl1 and shicld. 1.5 SecTsy rcn Bazar Birdttlazhlpor(ed.), lktntttgruliu \'/rlrl:/;rznrrrn, lAn lconographl'o1' \Ia.jr.1ina.in Russianl \lo:k'rt: Dizain - Inlbrtnatsia Kn'ttlgral-iilt1001.387 188. Fig.3,+9-350 'l\rorty-l:it l3i o ktrltrr'lttrkt'trtultl tlt( t' Kttli/.uKitt.q.s ttl Slrturtltltttltt An Inrasco1'Kallrchlrkra arrcl the- Tucntr'-l'-ivc Kulika Kincs ol Slrurrrh- halais usualll'nlrclcin cololsorr l.raintcrl scfolls ('Iih. thangka)rnd ternplc ll'cscocsanil it is alsocrcclltcrl in hllck and u'hitcuntl printccl ll.onr xr lo graphicrlrirtri.rcs on silk. canvusor olhcr t_ipco1'l'abric. Onc ol.thr-sctic- picl.ions.so l'lLlnot publishcd in litclatLrc.is lbundin thceollcctions ol'Nir- prstekNluscLrm ol'Asian. All'ican ancl Amcrican Cultufcs in PragLrc.Czcch llcpLrblic(Collcctiort No. i\ l6 330).Thc Praguc.xr')ouraphicthlLngku is printcclin bluck l'r'orna u'ooclct'tIrlttrix on a thin. dantlgcd.rcilrtuislr u hiteclotlr. Thcrc ulc ()ncccnti'irl l'igrrlc ancl t\\ cnt\'-si\otlrcr l'igLrrcs: (hcr Irlc positionctlurourrrl thc ccrrtlulantl biggcst f igLrrcol'Krluchaknt. lts Irc- ight is 51.5cnr: its rvirlthis 39.1en. \\'c nravassunre that it ctrnrcs1'toil N'long0liu.onc rclrsonlrcing tlrlrt tltc clorror.$ho hc guVcit to thLrInuseulil in thcnrirl-1980's. ae(prirccl it in Nioncoliaancl thc otltcl r.cason bcrng thrit ils str'lcis sirrilur.to lrt'oiorcti thlrngku u ith u sinrilurnrirtil untl cotrprrsi tion lirLnrtlin tlrcerrllections ol /-lrnlrl.lizltt.\lttsctttnin thc clL|itll ol \lrrtt- (' colia LIIarnbuntar'.I 'fhc ccntni figLrrc ol 1l1g11l1rgr.aplr rsKalaclrakra uith hisparlncr.\iish- vanrlrtra.it is u stlLntlinul'igLri'c in thcrah-iuttt llositiorr (Tih.. ntcatts'"1at- hcr-nrotlicr.position"l.Thc ulrrrostrurkcrl lroclv is adtirncdu,ith ribhons anti Ktlachakrais clad in tigcl skin und hc rvcarsalso a ncckluccot gurlanclo1' scvere(lhuntan hcads (Sa. cltitutttrtrttttdu ntula'.Tlb. dbu ltcatlnttt phrctrg ba).r7which is ntrtclcar.ly visiblc in thc Pragueclepiction. Kalacltaknt ts most ol'tcndcpictccl rvith litLrrl'accs. twentv lilur antts and l\\'o lcgs.lliin this caschc is tlcpictcdas Sehu.laKllachakra (Sa.:'Iih. Dunkhor l-hnnkvc 'kltor It!Lr.s llrutt skycsl)rvith ltis partltcrVishvatnatra: (Sa.: Tib. Natshog "sitnplcr'''u'crsiott Yum /.srlrrl.rftr.r,qs,lrrrirl) andit is a ol'this f idant.rr.hcn SahajaKalachakra has onll' onc hcad.thrcc c-v-cs,a Tantlic ct.tlr"'ttartd lltr- gc circularcarrings in his car.s.I-lc also has only t\\'()arltts. cntl.rracing his partncf.In his right hand lic holds a r.'ajraand in his lel-thand hc holds a bcll.This is a gcstLrreol'thc highcstcncfgy (Sa. r'rr1r'rilriltrkunt rrrrrtlra).t') 'lercsc '!'ltc l(r Scc PtrtricilrBcrgcr I'sc I.]urlholomeu.Nlrtttgoliu: Ltgttr t ol (altirtqqtr Klarr, Loncion San Frltnciscrr:Thantcs and l'ludson 1995. llJi lS5: scc' ttlsrr ol thc gcstufC01' \'iCtorv ovCr thrCCu'tlrltls \Stt. lttutrfutrttrrttttlrrr. Ttb. htrnrrlzckviclraggvn llrrurt nttl:!t,! ftr r p/r,t'rigrntal). Slhlr jl Klrlachakra-lt- lclj lcc is rrhi- kc his llrr.tncr.has t\\() lc-qs.uhcrcas his t'ightlcg is lcd. tlre tc:SlLluLju Kullchakra is o1'adark bluc cokrt.und ltis pltl tllcr 1'cllori'tlt.!,rl- clcn. Althoughthc Pragucxl,lograph is black ltnclr.r'hiLc. in litct'lturc\\'c crtll lintl r.clcVantcolofs thtnks t0 thc l'actthat Iu'tl c Ilc is bluc. t\'ith Onefacc trnclt\\'o enns, holding a r'.Ur(lilnd lrcll tncl cttlllrltcingthe Nlothcr.llis bcntlcl't lcg. uhiclt ts $hitc... andhis cxtendctl.rctl right lcg ... llc ltrts a toltknotoftresscs antl thc c[orin ol'his hcndis adorncduilh a r"ish lrllntln! uolll lncl a crcsccntptoon. Hc has lairzr orniuncntsand a tigcr skin ltlincloth.Ilis thunlbs ring fingcrrlrleck ltnd arc l,clipri.thc ftrrelrngcr:irhitc. the nritldlefingcls rcd, thc jointselc ttl.lck-thc thc littlc lingers-rrccn. On thc pulur:idc,the I'ilstsets ol lingcr sccprrclt.cd ild thc thirrlrihitc. llc is clonncd uith Vujrlsnttrltand is itl thc rrtiddlc of a fiYc-coloredfirc nrountuin.l{is consort is Vishvatnatrtt,r'cllou. r|ith r)nc fxcc. t\\() rrlt\ ltlcl thlcc c1,es.Shc holclsa knilt and skrrllltnd is trtttbtlcingtlrc l--lrthcr.Hct nlrkcdrttttl ltilotnctl legs in Tri.rrrr.rrll1r((ilght hcnr),shc is in union uitlr hirn. Slic is u'ith thc fivc sr tttbolicorltttttc'lts. lrcr ltlrirIlall'iLrosc.ll t0 /rnl.. l8l 181. ll NlusrrshiI'rchikaua - Nlori \la:uhicle Yanrlguchi Shinobu.I:irc ItLrrttltt'tlllutltlltist I)clrlc.r.(Scnri EthnologiculRcpolts 2). Oslke: Nltional Nluseutl.tol F.tltttologr'lt)95 )) Nlartin\\'illson - Nlartinflraucn. /)aitlz.i ol'fihttttrt IJutltlhisnt:'l'lttZririclt Pttitrrirt,grttl tlu' lttttt.s\litrthnltilc lo .!r,r,.IJosttltl: \\'isclorn Publication 2000. l5J. scc lrlstl5J-55. 111 o h,rl,r,lttrkr,,,ttr,ltlr, /r',r171-li,' htrlil''tA'irti'r ',1.\lttttrtl,lt'tl,r Thc PragLrcxvlouflrl)h sirniialll'trr Lllaanhlratiu.tltart,'ka - c()lttl)rl\c\ -l-ntrtslitct.utiort a shtlrtTilrc-tarr inscriyrtion ut thc lrott()llol-tlrc piclulc. ol' thc tcxt is aslirllo* s: rir:rltlun n1cr lngli'i sluI'rrrrrn'rli// rrkhr rrl()i Lf\\'el:ltlng tsltit-rr:kltbssu//Itlt Ittg rin zhcshru Lri nu lrus//lrzlrcngs llr'r tlpu lrrkir'ilnr rllrr'anckris// b-rrisp.t'i tlse lraspha tna sogs//shutrtlrha lu t tt skt cs p.tl shol// ancltnrnslation: 1'histlcpiction ol t\\cnt\'lrit KLrlikrr:rilir Iirttttctlilt thc ltrlrt ol c:t.ibli:hitlgtltt,1/l /r{//i?/rrlll0llil\lar\lln(lr'iru\r'rll,rlltcillncr:olrttlc'r'ltllctlTlrllldIin1r'lrrrrlgrirrl.llrthr' ,,\()lk VirtLrcrrl r-n!ril\in! ()l .l:tt1]r:Ln,^iittilt,lltt,tilttl lcl lllllcnlr rltltlLrlllt-t: lrr. lr.rlll ltl Shlrnlrhlllr.l' 'l'hcr-c urctuo lirlrrrsol'rlcpiction ol"l'ihetulr rlcitics lrncl lrstlrcs ol tlte ltantltcon.i.c. rlLrict. pcueclirl lrrtti u r.rLtltlirl.lngr') litlrns.As l'ltras Shltttrlr- ltalerulcrs alc c()r)ccrn(:tl.dcpietions ol tlrc lltslKulika Rtiiit-aC'hlLklrn ltrc l-rcstknoun. l'hc l)nruLrcthrrn,'lil i\ l t\l)icillcrrrnrPlc ol'thc f irst. tltriet tlc- ltiction.DLrc to thc l'uctthtrt sinrilrrr.rlcpictions o1't,,lctttr' livc Kuiikaslrncl Kalachakralurc huvcirt tnitttl.just thosc ltictLtrcs w'hcrc onlY thcsc ligr-rrcs Irrcprcscnt u,itliout thc contcrt ol'thc capitalcity o1'Kalapaancl thc last Sharnbhalabattlc) havc ttol hccn cxtcnsivcl)'publishcd and dcscribcdin the world litcraturc.wc can sav that thc PragLrethangka rcprcscnts a rarc typc of dcpiction,and thcrcli)rc it dcscrvcsouf attclttion.It docsltot lllcan that this depicti0n typc \\'aslrot \\,idcsprcaclilt lllrlcr Asia. particularlvitt -l'hc Tibet, Mongolia and Burvutilt. cotttrarf is tt.uc,we Inav asstllllcthat it rvasquite corlm()n. u'hich is cvidcnccdhy thc l'actthltt tlic thangkats att uncolorcdxylograph o1-rathcr l ()r.lgh ltppcllrancc. It r'r'ltsprobabJv irtlcntlcd lirr purchasebv cotnnrtittbclicvcrs. u'ho thcn plar.:eclit on thc htlnlcaltltr in theiryurt. nomaclic Lcnt or.a villagcor citl'd$'cllins.That is a xylo- gr-aphicblack and u,hitc thangkt. x 11,picllrc1.l.cse tttativc ol'lirlk art.or ltrl crcatccllo sr-ritvlst nri-isscs()l'colnlttolt Buddhists. In thc cncl\\'c nrustn.tcrttion onc hig pcculiality.Althtiuglt this t)'pcol Lhangka(Kalachakra attd thc I'ucntr'-FivcKulika Kingsol' Sharnbhala) havebccn dcscribcdtnd rc1.rt-oclttccdin litcratLlrc. this particularthangka has not yct bccn pLrblishcdin cxltcrt litcratLrrc.TIrc onll knou'n co1.lv printcclon \\'hitecilnvns ancl lirund itt Pra-ctlc\\ils Llnexlcctcdlr'.joincdh1 anothcrcopl'. printccl on rctl cunvus.lirund in tlrccollcctiott trl'Rtrtloll'Pc- Fig. 72: thc sanrc tcxt \\ l'ittclt Irr .lentlltttc Kr cntse Wrn-upo. lSl0'lfitll scc sl (Pcsl-Stiltunc)in N{unich.rlPlobablv thc rlr()strcnlrrkahlc lact is tlrat both thc rLlrovc-r.r.rcr.ttioncdcopies n'crc printcd 1l'om onc unclthc slnrc x\'- Iographienntlir rn N{oncoliarn thc l9th('cntLlr'\,. It is quitc a falc clsc li)r thc sanrcllrilrts to lrl)pcul'ilrthc sar.r.rctinte oncc in a Czcch lnd onec in a Gcfmancollcction. ItESI ]\I I: Krilaiakr:r t dr:rcrt pit liuliliii: pr':rTsliirs Lrgralie I)iispittk \r'r.rlr\\i rkrrrtr-rlLli.l,irlliL)l)i\cn) rzireri'rrongolsf.c rrlorltliekti lhlin-!l,r zltcltlitt.jicilrrrT:tro Kol:r ilr:ir (:1. K;ilrLL';iklrlr tirrtcl l)il kullkLl.knilu hutldlrstirkcltt,rrr) tieKtrirokIlilOr:tri Srrrrrlr]rlrlr. lcilt!) t\l) r()lrIlr/r'r]ibll:iec r lilerirtLirc.jiZpopslin ll lel)1()drl kovitn.llrto konkrttlnithrn-rkl tirrsLrtlPLrl-likorlinn nchrllr. K.jt'dintjnrLr ilosutl znlimcmrr cxcnrplhiir tihctsktrrbircc Nliprstkr)\'u n)u,/cir l l)urzcnci'ckuni lriih,rl crcpllii tlulir.Ir,'. lr)denv pr() zlndnu nli i:c|r'cnclnpJl-rtnc a nuchlizc.jicisc Vc sbircc l{r,rdoll'lPt-sla (l)csl Stil tung) r' l\lnichori. Oba crcrrrplliic.jsouliili'ni zc str-jnixylLrgrulrcki nlrtlicc r 19.st()lcti v Nlongolsku.Zoirlrzcni liiccti tlvoLrianrbhlLi-sklch vlirdeu. tlhurrnarhdZir a kulikir.jr-r tr bclskim hucldlrisnrulroruclnd iasti. r'u:icnijii.jczrrbrazcni pouzc l:ulikrir. jako-ic tortru nl po. l.risovanithrngce. C)blaz ohsrhu.je i tibctsk! tert zachy'cLrjiciokolnostj vzniku liho thun-uk1. Ustavreligionistikv LunoSBur-x,r Filozol-ickiIakulta Masarykovaunivcrzita e-tn;riI: hL'lliil ((uIhi l.ttttttti.r'z Alna NovirklLI 602 00 Brno "\'nrestcrozirdenny,i 2-1 Scc Alla Conr[-rorcvu. Krlachlkm. chcrntrlrelalr ksilogreliil" ilnnittc tSahiqa)Krilachakra. Bl.rck rnd White X1'kritrrphicThlngkl. in Russilnl. Dc.striplionttf tltt,littrtt tltc I?tdoll Pesl Coll((tit)n. unpuhlishcdnranuscript. Ieligir OBSAH Studie 3 Brir-'lrsr-,,tHoHyrl,c. KLrlturni vida - dalii dilemarcligionistikv 29 D.+'rnZninel. Vc dva bohy vdiiti nchudcl.Konstruo.u,ani ,.kltarskchodualisn.ru" r' inkvizidnichre sistrcclt 11 K,tlr,Rrrce rprt,r.r. Zitlovski nuhrrTcnslflkontunitu v icskich zcntichntczi virlkanti fut:hledt' 69 AL-r..sCrr,-rn't,r. VzcstLrp kicstanstvi a flol.i ntdsta. Nikolik kritickich ltoznintckk prici RodnclhoStarka 87 Zlrt-.xr,xR. Nr.Slorr.Blninski vvzkuntrcligiozitv z roku 19.10. SouCasnirilttcrl)l'ctit('c Mutaridl;' 109 DeNrur-BF.rrour,.sKy. Vnrnv r-ozsiivajicidds a icrvi s 7_clcznou tlamiikou.Pckla v tibcrskcmtcxtu abhidharmy 125 LueoS Bi'lxe. Kalachakraand the Trvcnty-FivcKulika Kings of Shambhala:A Xylograph l'ronrPrague Zprrivlt 139 Dnvro VAclavix, Konl-erenccEvropskd asociacc pro studium n[bo7-enstviv Bukurciti 112 Jaxus Hevlicex. Mczirrirrodnikonf'erence .,N/rboZenskir zmina'. v Bratislavc 144 ONorietSlAnex, Syrnpozium o clilcMircci Eliadav praze Recettz.c 141 Jiii Kicji. Z poditkfr dcski relirrmace(P.rvr,l Seux.rn) l4u PcrAntes,GrLrndriss der Rcli-cionsccschichtc.Vrn clcr Priihistoriebis zur Gcgenwart(Bnnrrsuv Hor Religio.Rat'Lrc ltttt n'li,qiorti.ttiAirr-vchirzl dvaknit roind. Ccna.jednohoiislu jc 70 Ka'(\'rir hranidil5 tiSD.26 E,LtR).Ohjcdnivkr'.icdnotlivi'ch tliscl iccliho roi'nikupirjinri rctirkcc. P,rit{,\t)Li Ile Ili ,/irllfllulo\ rcni'. -fhe llcliqio. lltt ut' ltro rtligiortistikirirppcars t\\'ice r verr. plice ol- onc issueis i0 (-ZK or 30 L-lSD.26EL-lR Ordcrs cun lrc nlrde'tothe cditorill board.Postasc is not ineluuctr. POKYNY I)IIO,\LI'fOItY lictlukcc pii.iinri piispir kr plo t.r1o lulrrik)': (ir) Sludie.(ltllrorn[ slilli \'fr)/silhu ]0 15 norurostriln(i6 (X)0-lr (XX)zn.rku \i rrc,/cll. (h) Rozhledr'.Knttii pojcdn:inio clili'irnprolrlimu. piehlcdovi steti. diskLrsnr pii:Pirkr u- ltoci.r' rLrzsulrul0 l5 norrrrostrun ( I il (n0 27 (XX)znaktr vi. nrczcr). (c) \lateli:ilr. Etlrcckrutiiclr plurrennvch tcrttr. pickladl ptrrotlnichnr:rtcririlLr s klllrcnt.L icrn.ohTltzirrirnirlfriiillll)()d.\'r()lslilru5 l0ntrrrlrrstr ltn(9(i00 lS0(X)znlrkLr rr.rrre /ct ). (d) Zp16r1.l)irlcTjtcr:tlrtltrsti t oborLr. zpr irrr z konlclcnr:iill(i. \ ror-\uhul. 5 norrrrrr:llrrr (l (r00 9 (X)0znrk0 r'i. nrezcrL (c) I{ecertze.\'tozs:rltu do -i nolnrLrstran(9 0(X)znakt vi. urczcrl. Zitjentcco publiktttliniv iusopiscRcll.llo prosinre, aby'se pii zprlcovrini-r1jch piispirku iidili nislcdrl.jicinripokvnl'. Odkazy na litcratunri\')'svdlli\,k),uvlitld.jtc v poznlmkirch potl ilrou podlc nrislcclu.jicich vzor[: . Gcrd Thcisscn,Stutliot :trr So:iolosiedt,s Un ltri,stctrtllr.l.(Wisscnschaljlichc Llntcr- suchungenzurn N-cucnTcstamcnt I9). Tilbingen: J. C. B. \'lohr (Paul Siebcck)-r1939. 47-5 3. . Zkricenl cilace: Cl.Thcisscn, Srudicrt :tLr So..iolo,qie....47-53. . john Scheid.,.Thc Rclicious Roles o1'Ronrln \\trmcn", in: PaulrneSchln'tt Prntcl (cd.). A Ilistrtrt ol l\?trncrtitt tlte lltc.st.Carnbridcc - London.1'hc T3clknapPfcss ol'flurrurtl Univcrsitl,I)rcss 1992.i77-408: 395. fccll' rozsah:citovani strinkal . Zkr-iccnicitacc: .1. Schcicl,,,Thc Rcligious Roles...", -195. '. . DaviclZhiral. ,.Niquintora listina a historiografickaturstvi v 17.stolcti Rc/i,qirrl-3/2. 2005.310 ll7: ll-i. froinik/iislo.rok vvdirni.strana. ccl_ rozsrh: citovnna sturnul . Zkr-dcenl'rcitacc: D. ZhimJ...Niquintovl listina...", i 15. Kc statinrzaiazcnrnr clo rutrlik Studie. Rozhlcdl'a Nlatcriirly piipojtc ciztr.jazlinc tanglii'ti na, ndmdina.lnrncouzitrnal resuntd v rozsahul 5 al 30 iidkn 19{)0al I ti00 znaku). Ll rccenzovanichknih Lrvliderjtcprosim nlsledu.jiciIdaje: autor.nlnlzc\'. nisto \'\'darni.nakl:r diitcl.rok vytilini,poict stren.ISllN. 'l'isUPlint: Dataprint,Nopor,u ll. 615 (X)Ilrno. Rukopis tohotoiisla br I or,lcvzdr-rntlo tiskirnv r, kvitnu 1007. Cislovr'5lo v i'crlnu 1007. lssN 12'10-3640