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Engineering Document Massachusetts Electric Company Nantucket Electric Company Each d/b/a National Grid D.P.U. 18-150 Attachment AG-13-37-3 Page 1 of 20 SUBSTATION MAINTENENCE Doc. # SMP 402.02.2 Procedure Page 1 of 20 Transformer 2.5 to 14.9MVA (Base Rating) Version 3.0 – 05/28/13 INTRODUCTION This procedure describes the methods used to perform Visual and Operational, DGA and TCG, In Service, Diagnostic, Acceptance, and other inspections on small, power transformers used in electrical substations. PURPOSE Scheduled equipment inspections are necessary to protect both the public and electric utility workers, prevent unnecessary customer outages, and maximize equipment operating life. This procedure lists special tools and equipment required, unusual hazards, and methods used, to inspect small power transformers. ACCOUNTABILITY Substation or other Supervisors supervising inspection and maintenance activities. Substation or other Workers performing inspection and maintenance activities. COORDINATION Acceptance Inspection - Relay Department needed to check current transformers, fault pressure relay and low oil tripping. Diagnostic Inspection New England - Laboratory needed to perform Frequency Response Analysis (FRA) test, 115 kV and above. REFERENCES National Grid Safety Handbook Manufacturer’s Installation, Operating, and Maintenance manuals for the specific equipment to be inspected. Manufacturer’s operating manuals for the specific test equipment to be used. SMP407.05.2 - Bushing Potential Devices (Inspected at the same time as power transformers) SMP 412.01.3 - Load Tap Changers (LTC) (Inspected at the same time as power transformers) SMP 419.01.2 - Surge Arresters (Inspected at the same time as power transformers) DEFINITIONS DGA - Dissolved Gas Analysis – Analysis of the gases in insulating oil. Used for early detection of transformer problems and after suspected internal faults. DGA tests can detect overheating, corona and arcing, seal failure and water. FRA - Frequency Response Analysis – Electrical test to determine mechanical movement or damage in transformers. Leakage Reactance - Electrical test to determine winding distortion in transformers. PRINTED COPIES ARE NOT DOCUMENT CONTROLLED. FOR THE LATEST AUTHORIZED VERSION PLEASE REFER TO THE APPROPRIATE DEPARTMENT WEBSITE OR DOCUMENTUM. File: SMP 402.02.2 TRANSFORMER 2.5 TO 14.9MVA Originating Department: Sponsor: Substation Work Methods Susan Fleck Massachusetts Electric Company Nantucket Electric Company Each d/b/a National Grid D.P.U. 18-150 Attachment AG-13-37-3 Page 2 of 20 SUBSTATION MAINTENENCE Doc. # SMP 402.02.2 Procedure Page 2 of 20 Transformer 2.5 to 14.9MVA (Base Rating) Version 3.0 – 05/28/13 LTC - Load Tap Changer – Tap changer capable of operation while the transformer is energized and under load. Operates automatically to compensate for changes in source voltage and load current to maintain constant voltage to customers DETC - De-energized (No Load) Tap Changer – Tap changer that is only operated while the transformer is de-energized. Set at installation and rarely changed. Oil Screen test - Laboratory test of transformer oil, usually a quart sample, for low dielectric, particles, contaminants, inhibiter, degradation, acids, PCB’s and water. Silica Gel - Crystalline material capable of absorbing moisture. Used in free breathing transformers and tap changers to remove moisture from the air entering the oil space. Surge Arrester - Lightning arrester. Used to protect transformers and other equipment from high voltage transients caused by lightning and system disturbances. TRAINING Not Applicable. DOCUMENT CONTENTS Table of Contents 1.0 TEST EQUIPMENT REQUIRED ................................................................................................ 3 2.0 MATERIALS REQUIRED ........................................................................................................... 3 3.0 SPECIAL SAFETY EQUIPMENT REQUIRED............................................................................ 4 4.0 VISUAL AND OPERATIONAL INSPECTION ............................................................................. 4 5.0 DIAGNOSTIC INPSECTION ...................................................................................................... 7 6.0 INTERNAL INSPECTION......................................................................................................... 12 7.0 ACCEPTANCE TEST............................................................................................................... 13 8.0 DGA SAMPLE.......................................................................................................................... 13 9.0 OTHER TESTS AND INSPECTIONS....................................................................................... 14 10.0 APPENDIX A - VACUUM/PRESSURE BLEEDER TEST SETUP............................................. 15 11.0 REVISION HISTORY ............................................................................................................... 17 PRINTED COPIES ARE NOT DOCUMENT CONTROLLED. FOR THE LATEST AUTHORIZED VERSION PLEASE REFER TO THE APPROPRIATE DEPARTMENT WEBSITE OR DOCUMENTUM. File: SMP 402.02.2 TRANSFORMER 2.5 TO 14.9MVA Originating Department: Sponsor: Substation Work Methods Susan Fleck Massachusetts Electric Company Nantucket Electric Company Each d/b/a National Grid D.P.U. 18-150 Attachment AG-13-37-3 Page 3 of 20 SUBSTATION MAINTENENCE Doc. # SMP 402.02.2 Procedure Page 3 of 20 Transformer 2.5 to 14.9MVA (Base Rating) Version 3.0 – 05/28/13 1.0 TEST EQUIPMENT REQUIRED 1.1 V&O Inspection 1.1.1 Digital Multi-meter, ANS/ISA Class IV 1.1.2 Spare batteries for multi-meter 1.2 Diagnostic Inspection 1.2.1 All in V&O and In Service Inspections above plus: 1.2.2 Vacuum/Pressure Bleeder test setup. See Appendix A 1.2.3 Power factor test set such as the Doble M4000. Check for AC power cable, ground and test leads. 1.2.4 Leakage reactance test set. Doble M4110 Leakage Reactance Interface for M4000 1.2.5 Frequency Response Analysis test set. 1.2.6 Temperature gauge test set - Check for correct temperature well insert. 1.3 Acceptance Inspection 1.3.1 All Above Plus. 1.3.2 Turns Ratio test set - Check test leads. 1.3.3 Dew point test set. 1.3.4 Meg-ohm meter – 5000V. Check battery charged AC power cable and test leads. 1.3.5 Current transformer test equipment. Brought by relay department. 1.3.6 Fault pressure relay test equipment. Brought by relay department. 1.3.7 Special Tools Required. a. None 2.0 MATERIALS REQUIRED 2.1 V&O Inspection 2.1.1 Mobile Device with National Grid V&O software installed. 2.1.2 Inspection data from last V&O inspection. 2.1.3 Binoculars 2.1.4 Spare nitrogen tank, regulator and gauges, and tank dolly. 2.1.5 Spare dry (blue) silica gel. 2.1.6 Spare filters for LTC oil processing systems. PRINTED COPIES ARE NOT DOCUMENT CONTROLLED. FOR THE LATEST AUTHORIZED VERSION PLEASE REFER TO THE APPROPRIATE DEPARTMENT WEBSITE OR DOCUMENTUM. File: SMP 402.02.2 TRANSFORMER 2.5 TO 14.9MVA Originating Department: Sponsor: Substation Work Methods Susan Fleck Massachusetts Electric Company Nantucket Electric Company Each d/b/a National Grid D.P.U. 18-150 Attachment AG-13-37-3 Page 4 of 20 SUBSTATION MAINTENENCE Doc. # SMP 402.02.2 Procedure Page 4 of 20 Transformer 2.5 to 14.9MVA (Base Rating) Version 3.0 – 05/28/13 2.2 DGA Sample 2.2.1 Oil sampling syringe, box, and transmittal sheet. 2.2.2 Spare brass drain valve plugs 3/4”, 1”, 1 1/2”, and 2” 2.2.3 Barb hose adapter with 3/4”, 1”, 1 1/2”, and 2” brass reducing fittings. 2.2.4 Oil absorbent pads. 2.2.5 Waste oil container and automotive type oil drain pan with funnel. Automotive type drain pans are low enough to fit under most oil drain valves without tipping. 2.2.6 Vacuum/pressure relief device test setup. See Appendix A 2.3 Diagnostic Inspection 2.3.1 All in V&O and In Service Inspections above plus: 2.3.2 Inspection card/record from last diagnostic inspection. 2.3.3 Doble Power Factor Test Setups booklet. 2.4 Acceptance Inspection. 2.4.1 All of the above. 2.5 Other Tests 2.5.1 Oil Quality a. All required for DGA sample except syringe. b. At least two new, clean quart oil sample bottles. 3.0 SPECIAL SAFETY EQUIPMENT REQUIRED 3.1 Uni-Hoist Fall arrest system. 3.1.1 Adapter plates transformer to Uni-Hoist 3.1.2 Handhold to Uni-Hoist mounting kit. Arms, nuts, bolts, spacers. 3.1.3 Winch assembly. 3.1.4 Post assembly 2 pieces. 3.2 Fall arrest harness. 3.3 Retractable fall arrest lanyard. 4.0 VISUAL AND OPERATIONAL INSPECTION 4.1 Follow-up work orders shall be generated for any problems found that were not corrected during the V&O Inspection. 4.1.1 The Supervisor reviewing the V&O Inspection results is responsible for generating the follow-up work orders. PRINTED COPIES ARE NOT DOCUMENT CONTROLLED. FOR THE LATEST AUTHORIZED VERSION PLEASE REFER TO THE APPROPRIATE DEPARTMENT WEBSITE OR DOCUMENTUM. File: SMP 402.02.2 TRANSFORMER 2.5 TO 14.9MVA Originating Department: Sponsor: Substation Work Methods Susan Fleck Massachusetts Electric Company Nantucket Electric Company Each d/b/a National Grid D.P.U. 18-150 Attachment AG-13-37-3 Page 5 of 20 SUBSTATION MAINTENENCE Doc. # SMP 402.02.2 Procedure Page 5 of 20 Transformer 2.5 to 14.9MVA (Base Rating) Version 3.0 – 05/28/13 4.2 Check for abnormal noise. 4.2.1 Pinging, gurgling, and other unusual noises. Abnormally loud humming. If power transformers are making unusual noise leave the area immediately and contact the dispatch center and your supervisor. 4.3 Check bushings for: 4.3.1 Surface contamination, dirt, rust, salt,
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