Shapero rare books

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106 New Bond Street [email protected] www.shapero.com London W1S 1DN +44 (0)20 7493 0876 Contents

Art and Photography 1 - 41

Voyages to Jerusalem 42 - 55

Zionism 56 - 81

Rabbinic 82 - 90

‘Jerusalem of Gold’ (Yerushalayim Shel Zahav in Hebrew) is the name of the famous Israeli song written by Naomi Shemer (1930-2004), the Israeli songwriter hailed as the ‘first lady of Israeli song and poetry’. The song describes the Jewish people’s 2,000-years longing to return to Jerusalem. The expression ‘Jerusalem of Gold’ was first mentioned in a Talmud story and is assumed to be referring to a piece of golden jewelry in the shape of the walls of Jerusalem, possibly a crown, that a groom would gift his bride on their wedding night. It is the love story of Rabbi Akiva and his wife Rachel, which occurred about the second century AD in the land of Israel. In the story Rabbi Akiva tells his wife ‘if I had money I would buy you the Jerusalem of Gold’. Later the saying was applied to the view of the city walls together with Dome of the Rock at dusk and dawn, when they are lit by the sun’s rays and look as if they are all golden. Item 17

Art & Photography

Shapero Rare Books 3 1. [MAYER, Luigi]. Veduta della probatica piscina nella città di Gerusalemme. [View of the Pool of Bethesda in Jerusalem.] c.1800. £6500 [ref: 90253] Attractive original watercolour which we can safely attribute to Mayer (fl. 1755-1803), the celebrated Italian orientalist who travelled extensively in the Middle East and published popular, beautifully illustrated works on Egypt and the Levant. The Pool of Bethesda is located in the Muslim Quarter of the old city of Jerusalem, on the path of the Beth Zeta Valley. The name Bethesda is derived from Hebrew - ‘Beit Hesed’ meaning ‘House of Mercy’. At the time of the Second Jewish Temple the pool was used as a water reservoir and a healing pool. According to the Old Testament, the pool was originally built as a reservoir for rain water. In the late 19th century, the French constructed the Church of Saint Anne at the south east corner of the site in honour of Anne, Mary’s mother. This photograph is one of the earliest pictures of the sight taken after its’ discovery. Watercolour and pastel on paper, mounted on cardboard (220 x 305 mm). Fine condition. Framed.

4 Shapero Rare Books 2. TAGLIAPIETRA, Marco. Città di Gerusalemme presa dal Monte Oliveto. [City of Jerusalem view from the Mount of Olives]. 1829.

£5750 [ref: 95548] A charmingly naive bird’s-eye view of Jerusalem from the Mount of Olives, populated in the foreground with Jewish and Muslim costume figures, as well as two men in European dress, and the very striking presence of what cannot be mistaken for other than the Madonna and infant on a donkey. In the title field above the image is a key to 24 numbered locations of biblical significance, among them: the house of Mary’s birth, Herod’s gate, the arch of Pilate, St Veronica’s house, and the road to Calvary. Watercolour and gouache on paper, signed and dated lower left: ‘Marco Tagliapietro disegno nel Settembre 1829’, overall dimensions including title and key panel 390 x 525 mm, the image 290 x 510 mm, some surface wear and a few small losses to the grey gouache border.

Shapero Rare Books 5 3. ROBERTS, David. [Citadel of Jerusalem. April 19th 1841]. London, April 19 1841. £3000 [ref: 74973] David Roberts’ magnificent images of Egypt and the Holy Land rank amongst the finest topographical views ofthe19th century. Commencing in 1838, Roberts made a two-year journey to the Middle-East where he produced numerous watercolours, the finest of which were selected for the publication. The lithographs were subsequently executed by Louis Haghe. In order to help fund the project, Roberts produced a deluxe subscription edition, from which this lithograph was taken. It is notable for being the only edition to have original hand-colouring, which would have been executed under the direction of the artist The image depicts Middle-Eastern men resting and smoking with the old city of Jerusalem in the background, including what seems to be the Jaffa Gate and the ‘Tower of David’ (as seen from inside of the Old City walls) on the left and the dome of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre centre-right. Original hand-coloured lithograph on fine paper mounted on card, as issued, from the subscription edition of Roberts’ ‘The Holy Land, Syria, Idumea, Arabia, Egypt and Nubia’. Dimensions: 490 x 325 mm. Framed.

6 Shapero Rare Books RARE PLASTER CAST MODEL 4. SMITH, Edwin. Model of Jerusalem and accompanying book. Sheffield, Edwin Smith, 1846-1847. £4250 [ref: 86048] A VERY RARE SURVIVAL OF A 3D TOPOGRAPHIC MODEL OF THE OLD CITY OF JERUSALEM WITH AN EQUALLY SCARCE ACCOMPANYING BOOK. Edwin Smith (1810–1889) was a Sheffield sculptor, who studied at the Royal Academy of Art and produced busts for various Sheffield buildings, as well as some monuments in Rotherham Parish Church. He is particularly well known for producing detailed three- dimensional topographic plaster models of Jerusalem. A similar model of Jerusalem was gifted to Queen Victoria and is currently housed at the Royal Family’s Swiss Cottage at Osborne House on the Isle of Wight. The survival rate of these models, in vogue in the mid-nineteenth century, is very low owing to the fact that they are plaster-cast. This type of depiction was used generally for educational purposes to bring the subject alive and provide an accurate depiction of the subject in the time before the widespread use of photography. This model was produced in May 1846. The accompanying book was printed by J. Blurton of Sheffield in 1847. Essentially an advertisement for Smith’s plaster models of Jerusalem, it was most likely supplied with the model to the buyer, as it contains a map with the key to the model and descriptions of the noted buildings and locations. It also contains a 17-page detailed description of Jerusalem, followed by engravings of the various plaster models, in different sizes with different cases, and their prices. There are also some newspaper reviews of the models. This book provides a small and intimate window into an aspect of the early Victorian world and their view of Jerusalem at the time. Plaster cast relief model: (505 x 422 x 70 mm), some small metal details, within fitted wooden box (544 x 465 x 88 mm), some chipping and small loss to plaster and metal details, rather dust-soiled. Book: first edition, 175 x 100 mm, contemporary brown cloth boards with title mounted on upper board, slightly rubbed; 2 folding maps, 44 pp., complete.

Shapero Rare Books 7 FELIX BONFILS (1831-1885) was a French photographer and write. He is considered to be one of the greatest pioneers of Middle East photography. Bonfils worked as a bookbinder until 1860, when he joined General Charles-Marie-Napoléon de Beaufort d’Hautpoul’s expedition to the Lebanon (to protect the Christian Maronite minority there). Soon after returning from his journey he became a photographer. The Bonfils family moved to Beirut in 1867 where they opened a photographic studio called ‘Maison Bonfils’ (renamed ‘F. Bonfils et Cie’ in 1878). ‘Maison Bonfils’ became one of the most prolific studios in the Middle East in the lateth 19 century. In the first four years of Bonfils’ studio produced a staggering volume of work: 15,000 prints of Egypt, Palestine, Syria and Greece as well as 9,000 stereoscopic views. The negatives were made on glass plates, coated with a collodion solution sensitised with silver nitrate. The plates had to be prepared on the spot-usually in a tent in the Middle East. They were then exposed and developed immediately afterwards. Prints could be made later, quite literally by sunlight: paper impregnated with a silver salt solution was stretched against the glass plate in a frame, and then exposed out of doors under direct sunlight. Though the prints, golden in tone, were beautiful, the photographer had to use egg white, or albumen, as a binding agent on the paper and this eventually became unpleasant since the Bonfils family apparently prepared the egg-white themselves. Lydie Bonfils, Felix’s wife, in 1917 was heard to mutter, ‘I never want to smell another egg again,’ and supposedly forbade them at her breakfast table thereafter. Bonfils was amongst the first photographers to employ the new technique of Photochrome, a photographic colour printing technique, developed in 1880 which involves direct photographic transfer of a negative onto lithographic printing plates, and producing a coloured lithographic image (similarly to chromolithography).

FRANCIS FRITH (1822-1898) was a renowned English photographer active in the Middle East. Frith had a cutlery business, then suffered a nervous breakdown and turned to photography. In 1850 he opened a photographic studio in Liverpool, known as Frith & Hayward. He became a founding member of the Liverpool Photographic Society in 1853. Two years later Frith sold his other companies and fully dedicated himself to photography. He journeyed to the Middle East on three occasions, the first of which was a trip to Egypt in 1856. Having returned to Surrey from his travels in 1859 he opened the firm of Francis Frith & Co, which became one of the most successful photographic studios of its time. When Frith finished touring the middle east he got married in England and embarked on a new mission - to photograph every town and village of the United Kingdom. Firth used the images from his travels to produce impressive photographically illustrated books and also became very successful at selling individual photos commercially. Among his publications were ‘Egypt, Sinai and Jerusalem: 20 photographic views’ which was released in 1858, ‘Sinai and Palestine’ which included 37 photographic plates - in 1862.

5. FRITH, Francis. Jerusalem, from the Mount of Olives. Cairo, 1858. £5000 [ref: 60222]

A SPECTACULAR EARLY PHOTOGRAPH OF THE OLD CITY OF JERUSALEM AND ITS SURROUNDING HILLS BY A RENOWNED MASTER OF THE MEDIUM. From his perspective on the Mount of Olives, Frith captured the walls of the ancient city with houses and buildings distinguishable within. The Dome of the Rock, can be seen on the upper left side, the Kidron Valley across the middle of the photograph. This image was included in an earlier album Egypt, Sinai and Jerusalem: 20 photographic views (1858). A copy of this photograph is held in the collection of the Victoria and Albert Museum. Albumen print. Very good tonal range and in fine condition. Pasted on original card, photographer’s credit and title printed on card; mounted. Photograph’s dimensions: 370 x 480 mm, overall dimension: 650 x 760 mm. No. 111, Ahlund, Mikael (ed.), The Pre-Raphaelites Stockholm, Nationalmuseum, 2009. [Image on facing page].

8 Shapero Rare Books Shapero Rare Books 9 10 Shapero Rare Books 6. OSTHEIM, Othon Von. Church of the Holy Sepulchre, 7. HAMMERSCHMIDT, W. Church of the Holy Sepulchre, Jerusalem. [c.1860]. Jerusalem. Cairo, [c.1864]. £2750 [ref: 83450] £525 [ref: 81211] Othon Von Ostheim (aka Otto Von Ostheim) was an Austrian photographer, mainly active in the 1850-60s who is known for Wilhelm Hammerschmidt (1930-1969) was a German his few surviving photos of various famous sites in the Holy photographer who settled in Cairo circa 1960 and established Land. the Hammerschmidt shop there. He is known to have photographed in the Holy Land, Egypt, Syria and Nubia. The Church of the Holy Sepulchre contains, according to Hammerschmidt exhibited his ten views of Egypt at the traditions dating back to at least the fourth century, the two Société Française de Photographie in 1861 before becoming a holiest sites in Christianity: the site where Jesus was crucified, member the following year. He is known to be active for only and the tomb where he was buried and later resurrected. about 9 years, from 1960 to 1969. The photograph shows the front of the church and its main Albumen print. 210 x 275 mm. Good tonal range and in good entrance, with the ‘immovable ladder’ which can be seen above condition, photographer’s credit and number in negative. the entrance, under the middle window. A few versions exist in relation to the original ownership and purpose of this ladder. It is known to be made of Lebanon cedar wood, was in its place by 1728 and has remained there ever since the 1757 Status Quo was established, aside from being temporarily moved twice. The ladder is referred to as immovable due to the agreement of the Status Quo among the religious communities sharing the religious sites in Jerusalem and Bethlehem that no cleric of the six ecumenical Christian orders may move, rearrange, or alter any property without the consent of the other five orders. The earliest record of the ladder is in a 1728 engraving by Elzearius Horn. Albumen print from a paper negative. 255 x 350 mm. Very good tonal range and in good condition, photographer’s title and credit in negative, pasted on original mount. [Image on facing page].

Shapero Rare Books 11 8. BONFILS, Felix. Facade of the Holy Sepulchre. [c.1880s]. £125 [ref: 61836] This photograph was included in the album Palestine and Egypt, issued in March 1894. Albumen print. Good tonal range and in good condition. Photographer’s credit, title, and number in negative.

9. BONFILS, Felix. Gates of the Holy Sepulchre. [c.1880]. £130 [ref: 61039] The main entrance to the Holy Sepulchre with priests seen standing in a half-circle in front of it. Some hawkers can be seen sitting on the floor on both sides of the plaza leading to the entrance. The ‘immovable ladder’ can be seen clearly above the entrance. Read more about the ladder in entry no. 6 of this catalogue. Albumen print. 280 x 215 mm. Good rich tones and in good condition. Photographer’s number, title and credit in negative.

12 Shapero Rare Books 10. BONFILS, Felix. The Golden Gate. [c.1878]. £175 [ref: 61837] The Golden Gate as it is called in Christian literature, or The Gate of Mercy as it is called in Hebrew (Sha’ar HaRachamim), is the only eastern gate of the Temple Mount and one of only two that used to offer access into the city from that side. It has been walled up since medieval times. The date of its construction is disputed and no archaeological work is allowed at the gatehouse, but opinions are divided between late Byzantine and early Umayyad. In the Jewish tradition the gate used to be a place to pray and cry over the demolition of the Jewish Temples (one of the openings of the gate used to lead straight to the Temple Mount). Albumen print. 220 x 280 mm. Photographer’s credit, title, and number in negative.

11. FRITH, Francis. The Golden Gate, Jerusalem. [1866-7].

£195 [ref: 68095] Albumen print. 305 x 380 mm. Good tonal range and in good condition, pasted on original card, photographer’s number on mount, printed title.

Shapero Rare Books 13 12. BONFILS, Felix. Absalom’s Tomb, Jerusalem. [c.1865]. £475 [ref: 69964] The Tomb of Absalom (aka Absalom’s Pillar) is an ancient monumental rock-cut tomb located in the Kidron Valley of Jerusalem. Although traditionally ascribed to Absalom, the rebellious son of King David of Israel (circa 1000 BC), recent scholarship, based on analysis of the architectural styles, has dated it to the 1st century AD. The attribution of this tomb to Absalom was quite persistent, although the Book of Samuel reports that Absalom’s body was covered over with stones in a pit in the Wood of Ephraim (2 Samuel 18:17). Albumen print. 290 x 230 mm. Very good tonal range and in good condition, pasted on card, title in manuscript, photographer’s credit and number in negative. [Image on facing page].

13. BONFILS, Felix. The golden gate, interior. [c.1880s]. 14. BONFILS, Felix. Jerusalem, [Valley of Josaphat]. 1889.

£175 [ref: 61826] £180 [ref: 89094] Albumen print. 215 x 280 mm. Good tonal range and in good A view of Kidron Valley (aka Valley of Josaphat) with Absalom’s condition, pasted on original card, photographer’s credit, title and tomb and Zacharia’s tomb at the front bottom part of the number in negative. photograph and the Mount of Olives in the background. Albumen print. 210 x 270 mm. Good tonal range and in good condition. Photographer’s credit, title, and number in negative.

14 Shapero Rare Books Shapero Rare Books 15 16 Shapero Rare Books 15. UNKNOWN Photographer. [Jerusalem]. [c.1880s]. 16. BONFILS, Felix. General view of the mosque of Omar. [c.1870s]. £125 [ref: 64296] £375 [ref: 89095] View of the roofs of the Old City of Jerusalem, with the ‘Tower of David’ and hills of the Judaean Desert in the background. Dome of the Rock, named mistakenly ‘the mosque of Omar’. Read more about this common confusion in no. 20 of this [Details of further 19th-century photographs of Jerusalem are catalogue. available upon request.] Albumen print. 215 x 280 mm. Good tonal range and in good Albumen print. 195 x 260 mm. Good tonal range and in good condition, pasted on original card, photographer’s credit, title and condition, pasted on original mount. number in negative.

17. LEHNERT, R.F. & LANDROCK, E.H. Jerusalem - The Jews Wailing Wall. Cairo, Lehnert and Landrock, [c.1920].

£150 [ref: 89059] A fine image of Sefardi Jews sitting and studying in front of the Wailing Wall in the Old City of Jerusalem. A Jewish woman and man can be seen praying facing the Wall and standing far apart from each other. Rudolf Franz Lehnert and Ernst Heinrich Landrock were photographers based successively in Tunis, Munich, Leipzig and Cairo, publishing the works as by ‘Lehnert & Landrock’. They were prolific in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and focused their work on subjects from different ethnic backgrounds to their own. Sepia-toned gelatin silver print. 820 x 242 mm. Photographers’ logo, number and title in the negative at the bottom part of the image. André Rouvinez (ed.), Lehnert & Landrock, Orient 1904-1930. Heidelberg 1999. [Image on facing page].

Shapero Rare Books 17 18. BONFILS, Felix. Haram as-Sharif, or Noble Sanctuary, Temple Mount. [c.1865]. £750 [ref: 69965] View of the Sebil Qaitbay, located on the Temple Mount, Jerusalem, near the Cotton Gate. A sebil is a small kiosk in the Islamic architectural tradition where water is freely dispensed to members of the public by an attendant behind a grilled window. This one was erected in the 15th century AD by Sultan Sayf ad-Din Inal and completed in the reign of Sultan Qaytbay, after whom it is named. Albumen print. 230 x 290 cm. Very good tonal range and in good condition, pasted on card, title in manuscript, photographer’s number in negative.

19. BONFILS, Felix. Jaffa Gate, Jerusalem. [c.1880s]. £125 [ref: 60275] The name Jaffa Gate currently refers to both the historical Ottoman gate from 1538, and the wide gap in the city wall adjacent to it from the south, which was ‘opened’ in 1898 by the Ottoman authorities to allow the German Emperor Wilhelm II to enter the Old city triumphantly. Albumen print pasted on original card. 230 x 280 mm. Title in negative and inscription at lower right corner to card; fair tonal range, some spotting.

18 Shapero Rare Books 20. FRITH, Francis. City Wall and Mosque of Omar. 1858. £225 [ref: 63309] This photograph was included in Frith’s publication Sinai and Palestine which was published in 1862. A view of the Old City of Jerusalem, which interestingly was altered when published in Frith’s book - the tower on the left side appears to be erased in the 1862 publication. Although the photograph is titled ‘Mosque of Omar’, what we see in the centre of the photograph is in fact the Dome of the Rock. It is a common historic confusion, the real Mosque of Omar is a less prominent building which stands in another part of the old city, right opposite to the Church of the Holy Sepulchre. What adds to the confusion is the fact the Omar had in fact built another mosque on the Temple Mount - the Al-Aqsa Mosque which is located to the south of Dome of the Rock. Albumen print. 155 x 220 mm. Good tonal range and in good condition, pasted on original mount, photographer’s credit and title in manuscript on mount. Sinai and Palestine, Francis Firth, London, 1862.

Shapero Rare Books 19 23. BONFILS, Felix. Interior of the Jaffa gate. [c.1880]. £300 [ref: 88211] This picture provides a street view of the Jaffa Gate in Jerusalem, one of the most important and frequently used gates into the Old City. Here you can see a view from inside the city walls, with the residents using the street as a thoroughfare for transporting goods on their camels and for getting from one side of the Old City to the other. The Jaffa Gate and Jaffa Road are named after the port of Jaffa, from which the Prophet Jonah embarked on his sea journey and pilgrims embarked on their trip to the Holy City. Albumen print. 278 x 218 mm. Good tonal range and in good condition, pasted on original card, photographer’s credit, title and number in negative.

21. BONFILS, Felix. [Carrier in Jerusalem]. [c.1880s]. £180 [ref: 89087] Albumen print. 275 x 220 mm. In good condition, pasted on original card, photographer’s credit, title and number in negative; slight discolouration of bottom and top margins.

22. BONFILS, Felix. [Market outside the Jaffa Gate in Jerusalem]. [c.1880s]. £180 [ref: 89101] Albumen print. 220 x 280 mm. Good tonal range and in good condition, pasted on original card, photographer’s credit, title and number in negative, ink inscription to card ‘Market in Jerusalem’. [Image on facing page].

20 Shapero Rare Books Shapero Rare Books 21 22 Shapero Rare Books 24. FRITH, Francis. Mount Moriah, Jerusalem, from the Well of En-Rogel. [1858]. £225 [ref: 68115]

This photograph was included in Frith’s publication Sinai and Palestine which was published in 1862. En-Rogel (or Ein Rogel) was a spring on the outskirts of Jerusalem which is mentioned in the Hebrew Bible as the hiding place of King David’s spies, Jonathan and Ahimaaz, during Absalom’s uprising against the rule of King David (2 Samuel 17:17). The spring is also mentioned as one of the borders separating the territories of the Hebrew tribes Judah and Benjamin (Joshua 15:7, 18:16). Mount Moriah (the Temple Mount) with the dome of Al-Aqsa Mosque can be seen in the background on the left side of the photograph. Albumen print. 305 x 380 mm. Good tonal range and in good condition, pasted on original card, photographer’s number on mount, printed title. Sinai and Palestine, Francis Firth, London, 1862. [Image on facing page].

25. FRITH, Francis. The Well of En-Rogel, near Jerusalem. 26. BONFILS, Felix. The garden of Gethsemane, general view. [1866-7]. [c.1885]. £195 [ref: 68098] £150 [ref: 61831] A copy of this photo can be found in the collection of the Garden of a great symbolic meaning for the Christians. Read Victoria and Albert museum. more about this garden in entry no. 27 of this catalogue. Albumen print. 305 x 380 mm. Good tonal range and in good Albumen print. 280 x 220 mm. Good tonal range and in good condition, pasted on original card, photographer’s number on condition. Photographer’s credit, title, and number in negative. mount, printed title.

Shapero Rare Books 23 27. FRITH, Francis. The Garden of Gethsemane and Mount of Olives. [1866-7]. £225 [ref: 68101] The garden is located at the edge of the Kidron Valley in Jerusalem. The meaning of the name of the site in Aramaic (Gat Shmaním) suggests that at the time of the Second Jewish Temple this was the site of a winepress and an oil mill. According to the four Gospels of the New Testament, this is where Jesus underwent the agony in the garden and where he was arrested by the Romans the night before his crucifi xion. According to the Christian Orthodox belief this is also the place from where Mary, mother of Jesus went up to heaven. Albumen print. 305 x 380 mm. Good tonal range and in good condition, pasted on original card, photographer’s number on mount, printed title.

28. BONFILS, Felix. [Jeremiah’s Cave, Mount of Olives, Jerusalem]. [c.1880]. £150 [ref: 59547] Jeremiah’s Cave is located to the north of the old city’s Herod’s Gate. According to Jewish tradition the cave was used as prison for prophet Jeremiah, who was imprisoned there by Tzidkiyahu Kind of Judea (Zedekiah). Later, the place was named by Jerusalem Jews as the ‘Stoning House’ that was mentioned in the Mishnah. The place was later used as part of the Muslim cemetery, with highly ranked individuals buried in the grounds surrounding the cave. Albumen print. 220 x 280 mm. Very good tonal range and in good condition. Photographer’s number, title and credit in negative.

24 Shapero Rare Books 29. BONFILS, Felix. Tomb of David on Mount Zion. [c.1878]. £275 [ref: 64303]

The Tomb of David located on Mount Zion outside the walls of the Old City of Jerusalem. The site is considered to be the burial place of the biblical King David of Israel, according to Christian, Jewish and Muslim tradition dating back to 9th to 12th century AD. However, most historians and archaeologists do not support this belief. The ‘tomb’ stands on the remains of the remains of what is considered to be either a Byzantine church or late Roman-era synagogue. The Abbey of the Dormition which stands next to the ‘tomb’ today was built only in 1900-1910. This photograph was included in the album Souvenir D’Orient. Album Pittoresque des Sites, Villes et Ruines les plus remarquables de la la Terre-Sainte, issued in 1878, as well as in Palestine and Egypt, issued in March 1894. Albumen print. 220 x 280 cm. Very good tonal range and in good condition, pasted on original mount, photographer’s title and number in negative.

Shapero Rare Books 25 30. BONFILS, Felix. Tombs of the kings, inner-court. [c.1867-1870]. £180 [ref: 89100] The ‘Tomb of the Kings’ is the final resting place for the family of Queen Helene of Adiabene dating back to the first century AD. Located in Jerusalem, half a mile north of the Old City walls, the tomb got its name from early explorers who believed that this magnificent tomb belonged to members of the dynasty of King David. The tomb regarded as the largest and one of the most beautiful tombs in Jerusalem. A copy of this photograph can be found in the collection of the J. Paul Getty Museum. Albumen print. 220 x 280 mm. Good tonal range and in good condition, pasted on original card, photographer’s credit, title and number in negative.

31. BONFILS, Felix. Tomb of Lazarus at Bethany. [c.1880s]. £180 [ref: 89092] The Tomb of Lazarus located to the east of Jerusalem, in the suburb Al-Eizariya, which traditionally identified as the biblical village of Bethany, on the southeast slope of the Mount of Olives, some 1.5 miles east of Jerusalem. It is believed to be the site where Jesus raised Lazarus back from the dead and thus is a popular pilgrimage site. Albumen print. 220 x 280 mm. Good tonal range and in good condition, pasted on original card, photographer’s credit, title and number in negative.

32. BONFILS, Felix. Lane leading to Herod’s palace. [c.1870s]. £180 [ref: 89096] A street view in the Old City of Jerusalem (most likely modern day Herod’s Gate ascent aka Sha’ar Ha-Prakhim street). A copy of this photo can be found in the collection of the Metropolitain Museum of Art. Albumen print. 270 x 215 mm. Good tonal range and in good condition, pasted on original card, photographer’s credit, title and number in negative; small tear to bottom margin. [Image on facing page].

26 Shapero Rare Books Shapero Rare Books 27 28 Shapero Rare Books 33. BONFILS, Felix. Antonia tower. [c.1880s]. £175 [ref: 61839] The tower is believed to be a leftover of the Antonia Fortress - a citadel that was built in Jerusalem by Herod the Great and named after Herod’s patron Mark Antony. Its chief function was to oversee the Second Jewish Temple. It was built on the site of an earlier fort, located at the eastern end of the ‘Second Wall’ of the Temple Mount, at the north-western corner. Today the Monastery of Les Soeurs De Sion stands on the ruins of the citadel. The street depicted in the photo is Via Dolorosa, is believed to be the path that Jesus walked on the way to his crucifixion. Although the tower has not survived, the arch and two windows above it still remain looking quite the same today. This photograph was included in the album Palestine and Egypt, issued in March 1894. Albumen print. 220 x 280 mm. Good tonal range and in good condition. Photographer’s credit, title, and number in negative. [Image on facing page].

34. BONFILS, Felix. First Station, in the barracks. 35. BONFILS, Felix. Fourth station, house of the wicked rich [c.1880s]. man. [c.1880s]. £125 [ref: 61844] £175 [ref: 61848] The First Station of the Cross - the Turkish barracks. According Jerusalem: the location of the Fourth Station of the Cross. to Christian tradition this is where the Praetorium stood According to Christian tradition, this is where Jesus met his in which Jesus stood trial and was condemned to death mother Mary, on his way to his crucifixion (Way of the Cross). by Pontius Pilate. Albumen print. 220 x 280 mm. Good tonal range and in good Albumen print. 220 x 280 mm. Good tonal range and in good condition. Photographer’s credit, title, and number in negative. condition. Photographer’s credit, title, and number in negative.

Shapero Rare Books 29 36. BONFILS, Felix. Tomb of the Virgin, Jerusalem. [c.1880].

£150 [ref: 64300] The Tomb of the Virgin Mary aka Church of the Sepulchre of Saint Mary is a tomb in the Kidron Valley, at the foot of the Mount of Olives, Jerusalem – believed by Eastern Christians to be the burial place of Mary, the mother of Jesus. In 1972, Bellarmino Bagatti, a Franciscan friar and archaeologist, excavated the site and found evidence of an ancient cemetery dating to the 1st century AD, but his findings have not yet been subject to peer review by the wider archaeological community. The upper church was rebuilt and demolished several times since the 5th century AD. In the second half of the 14th century it was the Franciscans that rebuilt the church once again. Then, in 1757 the Greek Orthodox clergy launched a Palm Sunday takeover of various Holy Land sites, including this one, and expelled the Franciscans. The ‘status quo’ that was instated by the Ottomans and it was agreed that the tomb is owned by the Greek Orthodox and the Armenian Apostolic Churches of Jerusalem, while the grotto of Gethsemane remained in the possession of the Franciscans. 37. BONFILS, Felix. [The Mount of Olives]. [c.1880s].

Albumen print. Very good tonal range and in good condition, pasted £300 [ref: 88209] on original mount, photographer’s title and number in negative. A view of Jerusalem from the Mount of Olives, showing the area around the mountain. On the right-hand side of the picture the Russian Orthodox Church of Maria Magdalene, famed for its gold, onion shaped domes, is clearly visible. This photograph was included in the album Palestine and Egypt, issued in March 1894. Albumen print. 217 x 280 mm. Good tonal range and in good condition, pasted on original card, photographer’s credit, title and number in negative.

30 Shapero Rare Books 38. BONFILS, Felix. Mount Zion and the Mount of Olives from the Bethlehem Road. [c.1880s]. £300 [ref: 88212] A clear photograph featuring two of the most significant mountains in Jerusalem, the Mount of Olives and Mount Zion. The tower of the Church of the Ascension which is on the top of the Mount of Olives is visible in the distance, on the right. Albumen print. 217 x 278 mm. Good tonal range and in good condition, pasted on original card, photographer’s credit, title and number in negative; ink manuscript title on card.

39. BONFILS, Felix. Pool of Bethesda, Jerusalem. [c.1885]. £500 [ref: 81339] The Pool known today as the Pool of Bethesda was originally a water reservoir which supplied the First Jewish Temple starting from the 8th century BC. At some point the pool was divided into two pools by a dam. It is mentioned in the Book of Kings and in the Book of Isaiah of the Jewish Bible. In the 5th century BC the pool was known for its healing powers. It is mentioned in the New Testament in the story of Jesus miraculously healing a paralysed man, from the fifth chapter of the Gospel of John, where it is described as being near the Sheep Gate, surrounded by five covered colonnades or porticoes. In the 5th century AD a church was built on the site, which was demolished in the 11th century. In the 12th century AD the Church of Saint Anne was built near the pool, which was restored in the 19th century by the French. The site is located in the current Muslim Quarter of the old city, near the Lions’ Gate (aka St. Stephen’s Gate). Large albumen print. 285 x 380 mm. Good tonal range and in fair condition, light spotting in upper margin.

Shapero Rare Books 31 41. BONFILS, Felix. The Damascus Gate. [c.1880]. £125 [ref: 59402] The Damascus Gate, the most popular entrance to the Old City of Jerusalem, was built in 1537 under the rule of Suleiman the Magnificent, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire and has not changed since. It is located in the wall on the city’s northwest side and connects to a historic path leading out towards Nablus (hence it is named in Hebrew Sha’ar Sh’khem - Nablus Gate) and from there, in times past, the path would lead to Damascus in Syria. In this photograph, a group of Arabs are seen to be leaving the Old City walls through the Damascus Gate. This photograph was included in the album Palestine and Egypt, issued in March 1894. Albumen print. 230 x 290 mm. Pasted on original card. Title in negative, manuscript title on card; light spotting, card margins chipped. 40. BONFILS, Felix. [View of Jerusalem from the Mount of Olives]. [c.1880]. £300 [ref: 88210] A scenic view over the Old City showing the Dome of the Rock and its surrounding buildings, along with the Russian Orthodox Church of Maria Magdalene at the foreground. Albumen print. 217 x 278 mm. Good tonal range and in good condition, pasted on original card, photographer’s credit, title and number in negative.

32 Shapero Rare Books Item 55

Voyages to Jerusalem

Shapero Rare Books 33 THE FIRST COMPLETELY REALISED PHOTOBOOK 42. DU CAMP, Maxime. Vues en Egypte, Nubie, Palestine et Syrie. Dessins photographiques recueillis pendant les annees 1849, 1850, et 1851, accompagnés d’un texte explicatif et précédés d’une introduction par Maxime Du Camp, chargé d’une mission archéologique en Orient par le ministèr. Paris, Gide & J. Baudry, 1852. £300,000 [ref: 97153]

A LANDMARK IN THE HISTORY OF THE PHOTOBOOK, ILLUSTRATED WITH 125 SALT PRINTS. THIS FAMOUS VOLUME IS RENOWNED FOR ITS STARK IMAGES, A RADICAL DEPARTURE FROM THE ROMANTIC MODEL. Du Camp and his travelling companion, the novelist Gustave Flaubert, left France at the end of October 1849 on an archaeological mission on behalf of the French Ministry of Education. Before leaving Du Camp had been instructed in Gustave Le Gray’s waxed-paper process for making photographic images, and returning home some eighteen months later he had some 220 negatives. The expedition followed the standard itinerary of the day, going up-river from one ancient site to another, before moving across to Palestine, they visited numerous sites including Karnak, Thebes, Luxor, Denderah, Baalbec, Jerusalem, etc. It is interesting to note that David Roberts Made a similar journey in the 1840s when producing his Holy Land and Syria. Although the journey is familiar, Du Camp’s images are not. They are completely new. ‘Faced with a scene before his camera, Du Camp – neither trained artist nor professional photographer – seems to have disregarded any preconceived Romantic accretions attaching to his subject, and by intuition discovered a gritty, elevational reality. His imagery demonstrates a conspicuously rigourous point of view for a neophyte photographer, unfettered and remarkably consistent’ (Parr and Badger). All this was in keeping with the scientific nature of the mission. In order to provide a human scale for the images, Du Camp’s Nubian boatman, Hadji Ismael, was posed alongside many of the ruins; thus adding to the visual consistency of the work. Du Camp not only recorded architecture but also the land itself, a careful record of the relationship between sky and land, water and desert, the contours and rhythms of the rocks. When he returned to France in 1851 he gave his paper negatives to Blanquart-Evrard who had just established his manufacturing facility at Lille. It is not known how many copies were produced, possibly as many as one hundred. Blanquart-Evrard was a perfectionist in his manufacture and the published views are of a uniform, unfaded steely-grey, and today the photographs look virtually the same as when first made. The photographs produced are remarkable, completely unromantic but nevertheless finding a beauty in their brutality. A direct expression of what caught his eye, a ‘vision filled with understated drama and tension among form, space, and light’ (Truthful Lens). Not so much a poetic celebration of the grandeur of Ancient Egypt, but a record of the ensuing neglect. Studies of travels constitute one of the basic staples of early photographic books, reflecting the tastes of early adopters of the new medium, and Du Camp’s work was highly influential in establishing a template for such works that ran through to the twentieth century. This was Du Camp’s sole photographic work. Flaubert’s input into the work is not known, but it seems he was more interested in the pleasures of the flesh than in ancient ruins.

Provenance: Edward Barry (bookplate). First edition, folio, (447 x 315 mm); half-title, 125 Blanquart-Evrard process prints, printed tissue guards, 3 engraved plans (one double-page), contemporary half morocco gilt, rebacked preserving spine, lightly rubbed, all edges gilt. Badger & Parr (The Photobook: A History) I, p.24; Chahine, 1439; Hilmy I, 194; Röhricht, 2192; Tobler, 182; Truthful Lens, 47.

34 Shapero Rare Books Shapero Rare Books 35 IMPORTANT ILLUSTRATED HISTORY OF JERUSALEM 43. REISNER, Adam. Ierusalem vetustissima illa et celeberrima totius mundi civitas... nunc autem Latine omnis perscripta... per lohannem Heydenum Eyflam Dunenfem. Frankfurt, Georg Raben, Sigismund Feyerabend and heirs of Weigand Han, 1563.

£8,000 [ref: 90734]

FINE EXAMPLE, IN ATTRACTIVE CONTEMPORARY BINDING, OF THE FIRST EDITION IN LATIN OF THIS IMPORTANT ILLUSTRATED HISTORY OF JERUSALEM, BEFORE ITS DESTRUCTION BY THE ROMANS. Adam Reisner (1500-1572), a German mystic and poet, was a pupil of Johann Reuchlin, a German humanist and prominent scholar of Greek and Hebrew. Reisner taught theology for many years and wrote historical and theological works, including an ‘anti-papal history.’ He later made a name for himself as a writer of hymns. Considered one of Reisner’s most important works, he describes here the city of Jerusalem in detail, with all its holy landmarks. Reisner paints a picture of ‘Heavenly Jerusalem,’ in stark contrast to what he sees as the ‘Satanic Babylon’ of the corrupt Papacy. For Reisner, a supporter of the Protestant reformer Caspar Schwenckfeld, Jerusalem represents a community of true believers, in constant battle with the Antichrist of Rome. With constant comparisons to historical events in selected Bible passages, Reisner eventually comes to the conclusion that Judgement Day has arrived. The lovely woodcut illustrations by Virgil Solis were taken (or possibly copied) from the Luther Bible, published in 1560 by the Frankfurt publisher Sigmund Feyerabend. This edition is a translation of the first volume of the German edition, published the same year and entitled Ierusalem, die alte Haubtstat der Juden. We could not find any bibliographical evidence that its second volume has ever been translated and published (in spite of such claims in the Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie).

First edition, folio (315 x 213 mm). [12] pp., including title page with woodcut device, 635, [33], double-page woodcut map, 42 woodcut illustrations in text. Contemporary blind-stamped calf, morocco lettering piece and gilt compartments to spine. Old ownership signatures to title page. Text in German. Rohricht 708; VD16 R1058; Adams R340; not in Atabey.

36 Shapero Rare Books Shapero Rare Books 37 WITH LARGE PANORAMAS INCLUDING CONSTANTINOPLE AND JERUSALEM 44. BRUYN, Cornelius de [a.k.a. BRUIJN]. A Voyage to the Levant: or, travels in the principal parts of Asia Minor, the Islands of Scio, Rhodes, Cyprus, &c. with an account of the most considerable cities of Egypt, Syria and the Holy Land. London, Jacob Tonson, 1702.

ONE OF THE MOST SPECTACULAR BOOKS ON THE LEVANT. £7,500 [ref: 100240] De Bruyn (1652-1726/7), the Dutch traveller and painter, spent several years between 1678 and 1685 in the Levant. His background as a landscape artist shows itself in the very fine panoramas in this work, which include Smyrna, Constantinople, the Bosphorus, Rhodes, Tyre, Alexandria, Bethlehem, Jerusalem, Aleppo, Palmyra and others. The costume plates are mostly of the different types of Greek and Turkish head-dresses. First English edition, folio (335 x 222 mm), engraved allegorical title after R. du Val, engraved portrait of the author after Sir Godfrey Kneller, folding engraved general map and 213 engravings on 98 plates (many folding or double-page) showing costumes, views, including panoramas, antiquities, numerous engraved illustrations in text, contemporary calf, rebacked, some edge-wear, corners worn, lightly rubbed, plate 4, Smyrna, with small area of loss to blank margin, plate 21, Magnesia, with small area of loss to blank fore-margin and slightly to image, usual creasing to large panoramas, generally a clean, attractive example. Blackmer 2251; Rohricht 1184; Tobler p.114; Gay 2101; Nordenskiold Collection 3, 358; Cohen de Ricci 610; Lipperheide 546.

38 Shapero Rare Books VIEWS IN THE LEVANT 45. BEDFORD, Francis (photographer); THOMPSON, W.M. (editor). The Holy Land, Egypt, Constantinople, Athens, etc. etc. London, Day & Son, [1866]. £1,950 [ref: 93292] A collection of photographs depicting various ancient monuments and views in the Levant, such as the Mount of Olives in Jerusalem, the Acropolis in Athens and the Pyramids at Gizeh.This is the popular abridged edition in reduced format of a work originally published in 1863 (Gernsheim Incunabula 187).

Francis Bedford (1815-1894) was an English photographer and one of the founders of the Royal Photographic Society. He was the first photographer to accompany a royal tour in 1862, when he was asked by Queen Victoria to travel with the Prince of Wales. His works can be found in the Royal Collection, the Paul Getty Museum and the Metropolitan Museum of Art, among others. Provenance: Joseph K.T. Van Pell (gift inscription to his wife Nellie). 4to, (246 x 192 mm). 48 albumen prints, each approximately 102 x 127 mm, each with printed title, plate number and inscription, text and plates mounted on guards. (A few imprints just shaved, some light browning), later brown half morocco with floral gilt decorations and title to spine. Gernsheim Incunabula 366.

Shapero Rare Books 39 40 Shapero Rare Books THE FIRST TRUE BIBLICAL ATLAS 46. FULLER, Thomas. Pisgah-Sight of Palestine and the confines thereof, with the History of the Old and New Testament acted thereon. London, John Williams, 1650. £6,500 [ref: 93383]

A BEAUTIFUL TALL COPY IN A CONTEMPORARY BINDING. PISGAH REFERS TO MOUNT PISGAH, THE MOUNTAIN IN THE BIBLE FROM WHICH MOSES SAW THE PROMISED LAND FOR THE FIRST TIME. Thomas Fuller (1608-1661) was a loyalist English clergyman, scholar, and writer known for his preaching and quick wit. A Pisgah Sight of Palestine was Fuller’s historical and geographical description of the Promised Land, written while he was under forced exile during Oliver Cromwell’s rule. The text details the Puritans’ attack on Fuller’s moderate religious views and tolerance of unorthodox groups. It contains a full-sized map of the Holy Land and double-page maps of the territory belonging to the Twelve Tribes of Israel. Fuller modelled his maps after Christian van Adrichom, a 16th- century Dutch priest and surveyor, adding aesthetic touches with illustrations and decorative marks, while the maps have the cartouches, embellishments and fancies, they appear to be a genuine attempt to obtain some sort of precision. In his text Fuller had also made an effort to convey accurate information, based on the Bible and classical authors. Today we regard the Pisgah-Sight as a decorative and quaint product of a pious age, but it is significant as the first genuine attempt in English to convey, in both textual and cartographic form, the geography of the Holy Land and as such can justly be regarded as our first modern Bible atlas. Provenance: Richard Isted (contemporary inscription on frontispiece: ‘Liber Ric[har]d Isted pretii xviii s. vi d’); Ambrose Isted, Esq. (d. 1781; armorial bookplate on title-page verso); with Bernard Quaritch, 1959; Robert Pirie (bookplate). First edition. Folio (332 x 221 mm). Erratic pagination as issued, but complete. Engraved frontispiece, title within double-ruled border with large woodcut crown above the imprint, text within ruled border with marginal column for side-notes, engraved plate of armorials by John Goddard, folding map of Palestine, 26 double-folding maps and plates, most signed by Thomas Cross, John Goddard, William Marshall, and Robert Vaughan. Contemporary polished calf, double-filleted in gilt, small floral cornerpieces, the spine in seven compartments with raised bands flanked by gilt rules, one lettering piece, edges stained red. [8], 434, [1]; 202, [18] pp. Wing F2455; ESTC R18096; Hopkins, Fuller’s Pisgah Sight of Palestine, in the Evangelical Quarterly, Vol. LIV No. 3 July-September, 1982.

Shapero Rare Books 41 47. MACMICHAEL, William. Journey from Moscow to Constantinople, in the Years 1817, 1818. [bound with] LEGH, Thomas. Narrative of a journey in Egypt. London, John Murray, 1819 & 1816. £2,250 [ref: 95085] ‘Macmichael was elected a Radcliffe travelling fellow in 1812, and he made several journeys to the Levant between 1812 and 1817. On this last journey he was accompanied by Thomas Legh who had just produced an account of his own travels in Egypt’ (Atabey). About a quarter of Macmichael’s book is taken up with an account of Thomas Legh’s tour in Palestine and Syria from Jerusalem on his way to Constantinople via Hebron, the Dead Sea, Acre, Tyre, Baalbec, Damascus, Palmyra and Aleppo, which is not covered in Legh’s own book. ‘Legh travelled up the Nile in the winter of 1812/13 with the Rev. Charles Smelt, whose journal he uses in the narrative’ (Navari). Thomas Legh (1792-1857) was an English politician and an heir, who had travelled extensively in his youth and at 21 became one of the first Europeans to travel the Nile as far as Nubia. William Macmichael, (1784-1839) was an English physician, author and traveller.

42 Shapero Rare Books Macmichael and Legh were both Oxford graduates and made the voyage from Moscow to Constantinople together. In Constantinople Legh separated from Macmichael and took a ship to Jaffa, travelling consequently to Jerusalem and Petra. This book offers a rare opportunity to view two different accounts of the same journey and its challenges in early 19th century. Provenance: Langford-Brooke of Mere Hall, Knutsford (manuscript ownership note). First edition. 2 volumes bound in one, 4to; viii, 272 pp., 6 aquatint plates; iii-viii, [iv] (table of contents to chapters 1 & 2), 158 pp., engraved folding map and folding plate, lacking half-title, map offset. Contemporary half calf, flat raised bands, double dark red labels, marbled boards, mottled edges. I. Abbey (Travel), 20; Atabey 747; Blackmer 1054; Weber I, 79. II. cf. Abbey (Travel), 267 (second edition only); Blackmer 999; Hilmy p.364.

SCARCE FIRST EDITION 48. BAEDEKER, Karl. Palestine and Syria. Leipsic, Karl Baedeker, 1876. £1,500 [ref: 95775]

SCARCE TRAVEL GUIDE TO THE HOLY LAND WHICH SPLENDIDLY DESCRIBES THE PRIMITIVE CONDITIONS OF LIFE IN THE REGION 110 YEARS AGO. Archaeology in the Holy Land was in its infancy. Communications were rudimentary. The construction of the first railway from Jaffa to Jerusalem was authorised in 1875, but it was doubtful whether it would pay as there was no trade of any importance in Southern Palestine and the yearly influx of pilgrims was of short duration. The only modern roads in Syria were the diligence routes from Beirut to Damascus and in Palestine - the road from Jaffa to Jerusalem. The second edition was not issued until 1894. Endpapers dated ‘April 1887’. First edition. 18 maps (some coloured), 43 plans, panorama of Jerusalem, 10 engravings, inner hinges slightly loose, ink signature inside some very minor spotting throughout, publisher’s red cloth gilt; xvi, 610 pp. Hinrichsen E254.

Shapero Rare Books 43 49. LA BROCQUIERE, Bertrandon De. The travels of Bertrandon de la Brocquiere... to Palestine, and his return from Jerusalem overland to France, during the Years 1432 & 1433. Extracted and put into modern French from a manuscript in the National Library at Paris, and published by M. Le Grand D’Aussy... Translated by Thomas Johnes, Esq. Hafod, Hafod Press, 1807. £1,250 [ref: 90819] Bertrandon de la Broquière (aka Brocquiere, c.1400-1459) was a Burgundian spy and pilgrim to the Middle East in the years 1432–33. He wrote at the request of Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, for the purpose of facilitating a new crusade. La Brocquiere’s pilgrimage to Jerusalem enabled him to write this account of relations between the Turks, Greeks and Latins at the time. Thomas Johnes (1748-1816), who was well-known as a translator of Froissart and was a member of the Society of Dilettanti and cousin of Richard Payne Knight, also translated this work which was printed at his private press in the grounds of his estate at Hafod in Cardiganshire. Provenance: David MacBrayne (armorial bookplate). First edition. 8vo, (240 x 150 mm). Double page engraved map as frontispiece, woodcut on verso of dedication, printer’s device at end; contemporary red half morocco with gilt ornaments and title to spine, top edge gilt. [vi], 336 pp. Blackmer 933; Ransom 6.

44 Shapero Rare Books 50. ASSHETON, J. T. The Scripture Atlas, or a Series of Maps to illustrate the Old and New Testament. London, W. Clowes for Samuel Leigh, 1818. £1,250 [ref: 90366] A FINE AND COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF THE SCRIPTURE ATLAS PUBLISHED BY LEIGH, CONTAINING 20 ENGRAVED MAPS AND PLANS WITH ORIGINAL WASH AND OUTLINE COLOUR. The maps include: separate maps for the lands of each of the 12 Tribes of Israel; general map Palestine and the tribes; plan of the Second Jewish Temple of Jerusalem built by Herod; plan of the City of Jerusalem; map of the ‘Journeyings of the Israelites’ marking their route from Egypt, through the desert, to the Holy Land; map of Asia Minor, Palestine and Greece; map of ‘Places mentioned in the Old and New Testament, with those remote from the Holy Land’; and map of the travels of St Paul. Samuel Leigh was a well known bookseller and publisher based in the Strand, London. He was active in the first half of the 19th century and published series of travel books in the 1820s and 1830s. His most famous book ‘New Picture of London: or, a View of the Political, Religious, Medical, Literary, Municipal, Commercial, and Moral State of the British Metropolis’ was published in many editions. His son was the painter James Mathews Leith. Three of the large folding maps in the atlas were drawn by James Wyld senior – a famous map seller, cartographer, engraver, surveyor and Geographer to the King and to the Duke of York. Most of the remaining maps in the atlas were engraved by Nathaniel Rogers Hewitt – a well know engraver, printer and map colourist, also known to produce the maps and title page of James Wyld’s ‘General Atlas’ of 1819. Little is known about J.T. Assheton - the author of the majority of the maps in the atlas. He is said to be a ‘Slightly obscure figure, who contributed maps, many relating to Bible history, to several publications between 1812 and 1832’ (Laurence Worms). Quarto, (302 x 248 mm); engraved pictorial title, half-title and 20 maps and plans, with separately titled Complete Index bound in at rear, 15 single-page and 5 double-page engraved maps with full original hand-colouring, 23 index pp.; occasional slight surface dust and minor marginal spotting. Contemporary half-roan, worn, with publisher’s printed red label mounted on upper board.

Shapero Rare Books 45 51. PATTERSON, James Laird. Journal of a tour in Egypt, Palestine, Syria, and Greece: with notes, and an appendix on ecclesiastical subjects. London, Dolman, 1852. £950 [ref: 101020] James Laird Patterson (1822-1902) was the Auxiliary Bishop of Westminster. He had converted to Catholicism in 1850, ordained to the priesthood in 1855 and appointed Bishop five years later. ‘Patterson’s work describes a year’s travels in the East, from October 1849 to October 1850. There is much discussion of religious practices and the differences between the various churches. The author, a Puseyite, was converted to Catholicism while in Jerusalem. The plates, after drawings by the author, include views of Karnak, Philae, and Jerusalem’ (Blackmer).

First edition, 8vo, 6 lithographed plates (incl. folding frontispiece & 4 double-page), 2 wood-engravings in text, original grey cloth gilt, decorated in blind with gilt roundel to upper cover, light foxing to plates, generally clean and fresh, binding fine. xxiii, [5], 480 pp. Blackmer 1269. Ibrahim-Hilmy II p. 98. Röhricht 2230. T obler p.180.

52. SETTON, Kenneth (editor). A history of the Crusades. Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin, 1969-1989. £650 [ref: 101222] The standard modern work on the history of the Crusades, spanning five centuries, encompassing Jewish, Muslim and Christian perspectives. This monumental work of scholarship contains a wealth of information and analysis of the history, politics, economics and culture of the medieval world. Co-authors were Harry W. Hazard, Robert Lee Wolff, Marshall W. Baldwin and Norman P. Zacour.

First edition, 6 volumes, royal 8vo; maps and illustrations, modern tan half morocco with gilt spines, a handsome set. Vol. I - xxxi, 707 pp., Vol. II - xxiii, 871 pp., Vol. III - xxii, 599 pp., Vol. IV - xxiv,703 pp., Vol. V - xxi,813 pp., Vol. VI - xxvii,414, [1], 10 pp.

46 Shapero Rare Books THE FIRST BOOK ABOUT JERUSALEM PRINTED IN THE HOLY CITY 53. HOROWITZ, Hayim. Sefer Hibat Yerushalayim. [Book of the Love of Jerusalem]. Jerusalem, Moshe and Yehudit, 1844. £2,750 [ref: 95387] First edition of the first book about Jerusalem printed in the Holy City, illustrated with the Western Wall on the title page. This is also the first travelogue of the Holy Land published in Jerusalem. A fine copy of this scarce work. Published under the regime of the Sultan Abdul Maagid, the ‘Book of the Love of Jerusalem’ was ‘written specifically for the edification of the Jews in the Diaspora’ to educate them on what the Holy Land and Jerusalem were like, compared to their description in the Bible. It is as such the first attempt by the residents of Jerusalem to convey to Diaspora Jewry the significance of the city and its holy places, and to link the global Jewish community spiritually and physically to the Land of Israel. A proper travel guide, it includes complete descriptions of the Land of Israel and Jerusalem, the holy cities, villages and important grave sites. The physical geography of each region is detailed in a manner that includes natural elements such as hills and caves, and their place in history. The commentary is presented from a spiritual, religious viewpoint that emphasises the sacred significance of each location. (Overleaf). First edition. Small 4to, (155 x 210 mm). Title page slightly stained and rubbed, the rest of the leaves are clean, all lightly browned. Recent marbled calf backed boards, gilt title and compartments to spine. [2 incl. title with woodcut vignette, text to verso], 60 ll., text in Hebrew.

IMAGINARY PANORAMA OF JERUSALEM 54. WERNER, Friedrich Bernhard. Ierusalem. Augsburg, Probst, 1745. £5,000 [ref: 86047]

PANORAMIC VIEW OF BIBLICAL JERUSALEM. Friedrich Bernhard Werner (1690-1776) was a major European view of subscribers and detour. Coming from humble origins, Werner set off travelling during which time he began studying engineering and making architectural drawings of buildings. This image of Jerusalem is an imagined impression of what he believed a view of Jerusalem would have looked like in Biblical times. Two sheets joined depicting an imaginary view of Jerusalem seen from the east. Key in Latin and German. A fine dark impression. Overall 302 x 1048 mm. Mounted. Laor 1108. [Image overleaf].

Shapero Rare Books 47 48 Shapero Rare Books Shapero Rare Books 49 PLAN OF ANCIENT JERUSALEM AND ITS SUBURBS 55. SEUTTER, Georg Matthaus. Ierusalem cum Suburbiis... prout tempore Christi floruit, accurate notatis omnibus et praecipue iis locis, in quibus Christus passus est et quae etaim num devota religione a Christianis coluntur, juxta designationem Christiani Adrichomii delineata et aeri incisa per Matthaeum Seutter, S.C.M.G. Augustanum. [Jerusalem with Suburbs…] Augsburg, circa 1735.

£1,750 [ref: 89355] Drawn after the earlier Van Adrichom’s plan of 1584, this plan was copied by a number of early mapmakers (such as Jodocus Henricus Kramer and Jan Jansson) for their works on the Holy Land. The 1584 version of the plan was issued in the Theatrum Terrae Sanctae et Biblicarum Historiarum by Adrichom in Koln. Adrichom (1533-1585) was a Dutch priest whose scholarly research of the Bible and writings of pilgrims and Josephus made him the acknowledged expert on Holy Land geography. The city is surrounded by many illustrations of biblical and historical interest, whilst the plan itself depicts sites and scenes of Jerusalem and its surroundings, which are numbered and identified by 270 captions in German, referring to various events from the Old and New Testament. Although the title states that the plan refers to Jerusalem at the time of Christ, there is no chronological order to the scenes, as scenes from the life of Christ appear alongside scenes from the Torah, and ancient characters appear alongside European architecture and characters of the sixteenth century. Georg Matthaus Seutter (1678-1757) was one of the most prolific map publishers in 18th-century Germany. He started his career as a brewer but uninspired by the beer business became an apprentice engraver under the prominent German cartographer J.B. Homann. He later opened his own dealership offering custom made atlases, assembled by request. By 1732 Seutter was one of the most prolific publishers of his time and was honoured by the German Emperor Charles VI with the title of ‘Imperial Geographer’. Although not dated, we know the offered plan was created after this appointment, based on Seutter’s signature. Birds-eye plan after Andrichomius, (580 x 495 mm), with 12 columns of text below, title panel in Latin and German above, engraved plan with full original hand-colouring, central horizontal fold, three short marginal splits. Framed and glazed.

50 Shapero Rare Books Item 61

Zionism

Shapero Rare Books 51 SCARCE COPY WITH ORIGINAL ILLUMINATED BOARDS 56. HERZL, Theodor. Altneuland, Roman von Theodor Herzl. Leipzig, Hermann Seemann Nachfolger, 1902. £25,000 [ref: 97019]

UTOPIAN NOVEL BY HERZL, IN WHICH HE EMPLOYS THE PLOT TO DESCRIBE HIS VISION OF THE JEWISH STATE IN PALESTINE. On the front endpaper is a dedication in the hand of Theodor Herzl: ‘Der lieben Ella / der liebe Theodor / 6 XI 1902’ [To Beloved Ella, from Loving Theodor, 6 November 1902]. Herzl’s wife’s sister Julia (Julie), née Naschauer, was nicknamed Ella (1875-1940). The novel Altneuland was published a few years after the publication of Herzl’s The Jewish State and after his visit to Palestine. Herzl wrote the novel between 1899 and 1902, giving the manuscript the title ‘New Zion’. Later, he changed the manuscript’s title to ‘Altneuland’, after the name of the Prague synagogue, ‘Altneuschul’. In the same year it was published, the book was translated to Yiddish and Hebrew. The Hebrew translation was titled ‘Tel- Aviv’ (literally: ‘mound of spring’), the title chosen by the translator, Nahum Sokolow. This name was later adopted as the name of the first Hebrew city. Within less than a year ‘Altneuland’ was translated to six more languages. Printed on the title page is the famous motto, ‘Wenn Ihr wollt, Ist es kein Märchen’ - ‘If You Will It, It Is No Dream’. Fourth edition. 8vo; original illuminated and embossed cloth boards, worn, with some minor tears to spine. Stains and tears to margins of several leaves, slightly browned. Text in German. DEDICATION IN HERZL’S HAND TO HIS WIFE’S SISTER ON FRONT ENDPAPER. [3], 343, [5] pp.

52 Shapero Rare Books FIRST EDITION OF HERZL’S VISION OF A JEWISH STATE 57. HERZL, Theodor. Der Judenstaat. Versuch einer modernen Lösung der Judenfrage. [The Jewish state. An attempt at a modern solution of the Jewish question]. Leipzig and Wien, M. Breitenstein, 1896. £12,500 [ref: 94470] In 1896, Der Judenstaat, Versuch einer Modernen Lösung der Judenfrage [The Jewish State, Proposal of a modern solution for the Jewish question] was published in Vienna by the 35-year old Theodor Herzl, a Hungarian journalist of Jewish descent. The previous year Herzl had witnessed the Dreyfus affair in Paris and had been appalled at the outbreak of anti-semitism that it had generated in the ‘birthplace of human rights’. He came to the conclusion that the creation of an independent Jewish state during the 20th century would be the best way for Jews to escape European anti-semitism. The title of the work originally read ‘Proposal of a modern solution for the Jewish question: Address to the Rothschilds’, as Herzl planned to deliver it as a speech to the Rothschild family but Baron Edmond de Rothschild rejected Herzl’s plan, feeling that it threatened Jews in the diaspora; he also thought it would put his own settlements at risk. Herzl worked on his pamphlet from the summer of 1895 to the winter of 1896 but received little support from the publishers. Siegfried Cronbach (Berlin), publisher of a Jewish weekly, rejected the publication, objecting to its content, as did Duncker & Humblot (Leipzig), which had recently published Herzl’s Palais Bourbon but insisted that they never produced anything on ‘this question’ (relating to the Jewish question). On 17 January 1896 the London Jewish Chronicle carried a synopsis of the pamphlet: ‘A Solution of the Jewish Question by Dr. Theodor Herzl’. This led to a meeting with a fairly obscure publisher, Breitenstein. Herzl noted that he was enthusiastic about certain passages, and a definitive title, Der Judenstaat, was decided upon then and there. The precise terms of their co-operation are not known but later accounts show that Herzl received no royalties and that income from sales barely covered the publisher’s costs. By February the proofs were ready but Herzl was clearly disappointed that only 3,000 copies were planned to be printed - Breitenstein did not expect a commercial success. On February 15th, 1896, the slim volume appeared in the shop window of M. Breitenstein’s Verlags-Buchhandlung in Vienna. It is Herzl’s only work in which he used his academic title. Obviously, he wished to appear as a sober man of affairs, not a utopian. Reactions to Der Judenstaat were not long in coming. The well-to-do Jewish middle class of Vienna were aghast, as Hermann Bahr told Herzl at the time and Stefan Zweig later recalled. The Neue Freie Presse kept silent, but the liberal press rejected the scheme. Encouragement came from Zionist groups in Berlin and Sofia and the Russian Hovevei Zion cautiously took note. Unreserved acclaim came from the Zionists on the margins of Viennese Jewish society. Their support catapulted Herzl to the leadership of the Zionist movement. This was the most significant, immediate result of the publication of Der Judenstaat. Der Judenstaat is considered to be the founding manifesto of political Zionism. Provenance: Shlomo Shva collection. First edition, first issue indicated by the closing left flower vignette on p.86, 8vo, (240 x160 mm), text in German. Recent calf boards, one leaf cut in bottom right corner with no damage to text, pencil inscriptions and pen notations on two leaves, small marginal tears. 86 pp.

Shapero Rare Books 53 FIRST HEBREW EDITION OF HERZL’S MANIFESTO 58. HERZL, Theodor. Medinat HaYehudim. [Der Iudenstaat. A Jewish State, an Attempt at a Modern Solution to the Jewish Question]. 1896. Warsaw, Halter and Eisenstadt for Tushiah, £8500 [ref: 94282]

FIRST HEBREW EDITION OF HERZL’S MANIFESTO LEADING TO THE CREATION OF THE JEWISH STATE. Published in the same year as the original German version, Der Judenstaat, and translated by M. Berkowitz. ‘It was Herzl’s book that really crystallized the idea of a national home for the Jews. Through his work, he transformed the Jewish people from a passive community into a positive political force. (...) That a Jewish State was created in Palestine within fifty years of his death was due to the vision and the practical methods of Herzl, expressed in his manifesto of 1896’ (J. Carter, Printing and the Mind of Man). First Hebrew edition, 8vo, (205 x 130 mm); contemporary black cloth with original upper wrapper pasted on top. Some marginal browning to pages. Small marginal tears to the first 4 leaves and the last leaf with no damage to text. Dedication to previous owner Dr. Reuven Madel, in Hebrew to the front endleaf, dated ‘Lodz, 1985’. Title, i-iv, 5-82 pp. PMM 381.

54 Shapero Rare Books 59. [BRAININ, R.M.] [Doctor Theodor Herzl: A Biographical Etude. Translated from Hebrew, with the addition of Herzl’s speech from the World Zionist Congress in Basel, and his portrait.] Ekaterinoslav, Satanovskiy, 1898. £650 [ref: 93432]

RARE FIRST EDITION OF THE BIOGRAPHY OF THEODOR HERZL IN RUSSIAN, PUBLISHED IN HIS LIFETIME AND ONLY A YEAR AFTER THE FIRST ZIONIST CONGRESS. From the note on page 3 we known that the work was compiled by Reuben Brainin (1862-1939), a Russian Jewish publicist, biographer and literary critic. At different times Brainin contributed to the periodicals ‘Ha-Meliz,’ ‘Ha-Zefirah,’ ‘Ha-Maggid’ and ‘Ha-Shiloah,’ making his name as an intermediary between Western and Jewish literature and culture. He also wrote about one hundred biographical sketches of modern Jewish scholars and writers. The author included the text of Herzl’s speech given at the First Zionist Congress in Basel in 1897, which laid the foundations for the political process culminating in the creation of the state of Israel. This biography was translated into English and published under the title ‘The Life of Herzl’ in New York in 1919.

VERY RARE. We could locate only two copies in public libraries: in the Yeshiva University, New York and the National Library of Israel; NYPL holds only a microform copy. Small 8vo, (200 x 130 mm). Original decorative publisher’s wrappers. Text in Russian, with a portrait of Herzl, some light spotting to pages. 23 pp.

Shapero Rare Books 55 60. [PINSKER, L.S.] [‘Autoemancipation!’ The call of a Originally Pinsker was an assimilationist, calling for greater Russian Jew to his tribesmen.] St. Petersburg, Josef respect of human rights for Jews in Russia. However, following Lurie, 1906. massive anti-Jewish riots in Tsarist Russia in 1881, and a visit to £300 [ref: 94474] Western Europe in the first half of 1882, his views changed. That year he first published this essay, anonymously in German. ‘Autoemansipation!’ (‘self-emancipation’) is one of the most The essay inspired the Zionist group Hovevei Zion, which widely known early Zionist works, originally written in German Pinsker chaired. The essay bearing Pinsker’s name was published by the Russian-Polish Jewish doctor and activist Leo Pinsker the following year and became a landmark publication in the (aka Yehudah Leib Pinsker). Pinsker was a pioneer Zionist, history of Zionism and the State of Israel. activist and the founder and leader of the Hovevei Zion (Hibat Zion) movement. Provenance: Private library of Chimen Abramsky (1916-2010) - emeritus professor of Jewish studies at UCL, important Hebrew In this work Pinsker discusses the origins of anti-Semitism and and Jewish history scholar. argues in favour of Jewish self-rule and the development of a Jewish national consciousness. To his opinion Jews would never Fourth Russian edition. Small 8vo, original paper wrappers, tears be the social equals of non-Jews until they had a state of their and wear, with ads for other publications to back wrapper. Text in own, therefore he called on Jewish leaders to convene and Russian and Yiddish. address the problem. In the pamphlet, he described anti-Jewish attacks as a psychosis, a pathological disorder and an irrational phobia. 61. GEORGE, Manfred (Georg). Theodor Herzl Sein Leben Und Sein Vermächtnis. [Theodor Herzl His life and legacy]. Berlin-Vienna-Leipzig, Ralph A. Hoger, 1932. £250 [ref: 89019]

FIRST EDITION OF THIS BIOGRAPHY, AS PASSIONATELY WRITTEN AS IT IS TITLED. George Manfred, born Manfred Georg Cohn (1893- 1965), was a left-leaning Jewish German journalist and author living in Berlin. In 1924, along with Carl von Ossietzky, George was one of the founders of the leftist ‘Republikanische Partei Deutschlands’ (Republican Party of Germany). George had served as the chairman of the party until it was dissolved later that year. As a pacifist, he was also associated with the ‘Deutsche Liga für Menschenrechte’ (German League for Human Rights) and the ‘Friedensbund der Kriegsteilnehmer’ (Association of War Veterans for Peace); he had also joined the Zionist movement. George left Germany after the Nazis came to power, spending a few years in Europe and eventually settling down in the United States in 1939. In New York he started working as the editor of ‘Aufbau’ - a German-Jews’ periodical, published in German, which George had managed to transform from a small monthly newsletter into an important weekly newspaper and the journalistic voice for the Jewish exile community of the post-World War II era. He’d continued to serve as the voice of Jewish exiles until his death.

56 Shapero Rare Books Patai’s Zionist activism started in 1903, when he founded the organisation of Zionist university students - ‘Makabea’. From 1911 until his immigration to Palestine in 1938/9, Patai dedicated himself entirely to editing the Jewish cultural journal ‘Múlt és Jövő’ (Past and Future), which he had established in 1911, and continued to maintain and publish even after his immigration, until 1944. He had also served as head to the cultural department of the ‘Magyar Zsidók Pro Palesztina Szövetsége’ (Hungarian Jews’ Pro-Palestine Organisation), established in 1926. During his lifetime Patai published a few volumes of poetry in Hebrew and Hungarian. After settling in Palestine in 1939, Patai spent his later years translating his own works into Hebrew. This remarkable biography was first published in Hungarian in 1932. Presumed first German edition, large 4to; a few facsimiles in the text, with two frontispieces, printed on either side of one leaf and 62 plates on 31 leaves; occasionally a little foxed, otherwise a clean copy, printed on high-quality paper; rebound in recent half blue morocco, spine gilt lettered and ruled, text in German. xiii, This biography was George’s last publication in Germany, 319 pp. before going into exile. Among the preliminary matters of this book are texts by Thomas Mann and Albert Einstein. First edition. 8vo, (202 x 130 mm), with portrait-frontispiece and 17 plates; pp. 129-136 with minor marginal flaws, light spotting in places, otherwise a clean and fresh copy in the original publisher’s cloth, lettered and ornamented in gilt, gilt-stamped facsimile of Herzl’s signature on front cover, spine faded; only lightly spotted; presentation inscription, dated 22.1.1935, on front fly-leaf. Text in German.

62. PATAI, Josef. Herzl. Tel-Aviv, Omanuth, 1936. £300 [ref: 89031]

ONE OF THE MOST COMPREHENSIVE HERZL BIOGRAPHIES OF ITS TIME, WELL RESEARCHED, HIGHLY ILLUSTRATED AND WITH A BIBLIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. Josef Patai (1882-1953, born Jószef Klein), was an eminent Hungarian poet, scholar, translator, journalist and a Zionist leader. He is the most important representative of the first generation of Hungarian Zionist intellectuals. He received his doctorate from the Pázmány Péter Catholic University in 1907 and for a while thereafter, he taught at the Trefort Street High School, where Theodore Herzl had studied, years before.

Shapero Rare Books 57 58 Shapero Rare Books 63. [KEREN KAYEMETH LeIsrael and others. Collection of photographs of Theodor Herzl. Vienna and Israel, n.d. [1920s]. £2250 [ref: 88195]

AN ECLECTIC COLLECTION OF HERZL PHOTOGRAPHIC MEMORABILIA. Album 1: 26 photographs and postcards of Herzl, his family and fellow Zionists. Album 2: Photographs, postcards, magazine clippings, 2 small brass reliefs showing Herzl, his family, the Zionist congresses and related scenes arranged in an album (65 items in total). Album 3: Scenes from a memorial service for Theodor Herzl, showing Zionist-Socialist youth organisations (Kartell Zionistisch-Sozialistischer Jugendverbande) and their leaders, 64. DIZENGOFF, Meir. Signed Promissory Note. some with flags, in uniforms and insignia, pass by the graves of Jaffa, 1914. Herzl and his parents in the Doblinger Cemetery; with a few £500 [ref: 86266] scenes captured on the streets of the city. This album offers a unique insight into European Zionist culture with its use Meir Dizengoff (1861-1937) was the first Mayor of Tel Aviv, of social clubs for different age groups organized in military an early supporter of Herzl, and attendee at several Zionist fashion. congresses. Mr. J.L. (Leib) Goldberg, the recipient of this cheque, had served as Herzl’s escort during his only trip to Vintage photographs pasted in three landscape photo Palestine, showing him the living conditions in the land. He albums, housed in a black solander box. Stationary with the later opposed Herzl at the Sixth Zionist Congress because of stamp of Karen Kajemeth LeIsrael Judischer Nationalfond/ Herzl’s temporary acceptance of the Uganda Plan. Jewish National Fund serves as title-page. 78 original black- and-white original photographs (mostly 135 x 85mm) Dimensions of note: 112 x 182 mm. Signed ‘M. Dizengoff to arranged on 37 leaves, ‘Photo Benedikt, Wien’ embossed on most J.L. Goldberg. Jaffa, Palestine. 6 July 1914’. Notarised stamp and images. seal. Mounted.

Shapero Rare Books 59 PRESENTATION COPY, SIGNED AND INSCRIBED BY THE AUTHOR COLLECTION OF ARTICLES BY PROMINENT ZIONIST LEADERS 65. WEINERT, Bernard. Der Politische Zionismus 1896 bis 66. SAMMELSCHRIFT, Eine (editor). Die Zionistische Idee. 1904. Ein Beitrag zur neuesten Geschichte des jüdischen [The Zionist Idea]. Berlin, Jüdischer Verlag, 1926. Volkes. [Political Zionism from 1896 to 1904. A contribution to the latest history of the Jewish people.] Calw, A. Oelschlager, £350 [ref: 89022] c.1922. £300 [ref: 89020] Published on behalf of the Zionist Organisation by the Jüdischer Verlag (Jewish Publishing House), this book unites seminal The first and only edition of this text, privately printed and Zionist and proto-Zionist articles by Moses Hess, Leo Pinsker, issued for private circulation. A presentation copy, signed Ahad Ha’ham, Theodor Herzl, Max Nordau, Martin Buber and inscribed by the author, of a dissertation written at the and Aharon David Gordon. The Jüdischer Verlag, founded University of Zurich. This history of political Zionism, from the on demand of Martin Buber 1901, was probably the most publication of the ‘Judenstaat’ up to Herzl’s death was printed important publishing house and cultural institution, inspiring in the South-West German town of Calw. The authorial the Jewish cultural Renaissance in Germany in the first half of inscription on the title translates as ‘To Frau Dr. B. Leszynsky, as the 20th century and the most significant outlet for Zionist recognition for the help in writing this work. Zurich [?], January publications. 2, 1922. B Weinert’. The dedicatee is most likely the wife of the Jewish scholar and historian Rudolf Leszynsky (1884-1949). Large 8vo (230 x 160 mm); original wrappers printed in red and black, a little chipped and slightly browned. Text in German; 77, First edition, 8vo; an excellent copy in the original printed wrappers; [3] pp. spine sunned, small tear to the front hinge. Inscription by the author to title page. Text in German; iv, 110 pp.

60 Shapero Rare Books ‘A NEW ERA OF JEWISH HISTORY HAS BEGUN’ 67. [THE WORLD ZIONIST ORGANISATION]. Das Werk 68. BISNOVATY, (Hrsg.). Der Kamf. Monatshrift farn Poyle- Des Zionismus in Palästina. [The work of Zionism in Tsienistishn Gedank. Paris, Imp. d’Art Voltaire, 1929. Palestine]. Berlin, Siegfried Scholem, 1926. £375 [ref: 89024] £1200 [ref: 94603] First edition of this illustrated report on the progress made by Extremely rare Polish-Zionist magazine, published in Paris. settlers in Palestine, published by the Executive of the World The publication, which was obviously part of the circle of the Zionist Organisation. The pamphlet includes black and white General Jewish Labour Bund – a secular Jewish Socialist party, photographs of the new Jewish ‘Moshavot’ (settlements), founded in Vilnius in 1897; contains contributions by various schools and factories. authors. Articles deal with emigration to Palestine and reflect a collective ideology of settlement based on socialism. First edition; 8vo (233 x 155 mm), with 8 photographic illustrations; text in German; original printed wrappers, first 3 pages and front The typographic cover illustration, which is a key motif, recalls wrapper with marginal tear, occasionally lightly spotted, one page the avant-garde work of István Irsai (1896-1968) Hungarian- with lines in pencil. 24 pp. born Israeli architect and graphic designer, who designed the Hebrew font ‘Haim’ (named after Haim Nachman Bialik), as well as various well recognised today Israeli posters, logos and theatre stage designs. First issue, (238 x 155 mm), original illustrated wrappers with typographical original woodcut (somewhat dusty, faded, stapling rusted), small owner’s stamp to front wrapper. Browning due to paper, some staining and creasing. Text in Yiddish, 48 pp.

Shapero Rare Books 61 69. ZANGWILL, Israel. Letter to Max Nordau. London, 9 June 1901. £2500 [ref: 89018]

Israel Zangwill (1864-1926) was a Jewish British humorist and writer. He was an early Zionist but left the Zionist movement in 1905 to lead the Territorialist movement, advocating a Jewish homeland in whatever piece of land might be available and supporting the Uganda Scheme. His ideas included creating the Jewish state in such diverse places as Canada, Australia, Mesopotamia and Cyrenaica. He also supported the feminist and pacifist movements, andthe idea of assimilation - writing about the melting of the races into a single, American nation with a universal religion (’Melting Pot’). His letter reads as follows: ‘Sunday June 9/01 / Dear Nordau, / Your M. Rosznyay [sic - Rozsnyay] duly appeared, & I liked him sufficiently to ask him to the Herzl dinner on Tuesday. That shall be an interesting occasion for all of us. A pity you can’t be of us [sic]. / I have just had a visit from Comtesse de Puliga, who appears to edit the Revue de Paris, & who is, as surprised as you & I, at the Christian attitude towards the Jews, & still more at the Jewish. She confirms your idea that there was once a danger of a St Bartholomew’s day in the French Jewry. / Who is Pierre Mille? I think he said once he was of the Temps. He wishes to translate into French “Children of the Ghetto”. If he is a desirable person for the task (he says he has a modicum of publication), what terms should I make? /I have often resolved, when next in Paris, to organize the issue of my works through one good publisher, but when I do come to Paris, I am always too lazy. ‘The Mantle of Elijah’ might to [sic] have been done at once for the Paris reader. / Apologizing for troubling you, / Always, / Zangwill / P.S. My kindest regards to your wife, Max & family. / If the Maccabaeans [sic] were a Zionist body, I would ask you to send a message to be read at the Herzl dinner. But I have to steer very carefully. Perhaps in the guise of refusing a personal invitation from me you could send a few words of appreciation of the man & his character (which is what we are formally honouring). That could reach me Tuesday, morning here, or Tuesday night at the St James’s Restaurant, Piccadilly.’ The message on the back of the envelope reads: ‘I am afraid this will / reach you too late for / a reply to me on Tuesday / night, unless you / send it by return / to St James’s Restaurant.’ Pierre Mille, who is mentioned in the letter was a French writer and journalist (1864-1941) who specialised in colonial issues, Jewish colonies in Palestine among them. He had, in fact, ended up translating to French Zangwill’s Children of the Getto and supervising the translation of The King of Schnorrers. The Comtesse de Puliga, who is also mentioned above, was born Henrietta Consuelo Sansom - daughter of a wealthy British expatriate in Paris, who turned to writing following the dissolution of her wealth. 8vo, 4 pages, handwritten text in English in black ink. Envelope with British postal stamp, addressed to ‘Dr Max Nordau / 8 Rue Léonie / Paris / France’. Mounted.

62 Shapero Rare Books 70. BEN-GURION, David. Autograph Letter Signed to Menahem Ussishkin. London, 24 September 1938. £4500 [ref: 102597]

An important handwritten letter marked ‘Private and confidential!’, written by David Ben-Gurion (the first Prime Minister of the State of Israel, 1886-1973) addressed to Menahem Ussishkin (Russian-Born Zionist Leader and Head of the Jewish National Fund, 1863-1941). The letter was written in the period between the great upsurge of immigration to Palestine and the outbreak of World War II. As result of the tenor of the times the issue of open Jewish immigration and the eventual establishment of a Jewish National Homeland were of considerable urgency. The correspondence concerns several meetings that Chaim Weizmann and Ben-Gurion had with Malcolm MacDonald about the renewal of the British Mandate in Palestine and the negotiations for a Jewish National Homeland. Ben-Gurion’s intention is to inform Ussishkin of the British position as best as could be extrapolated from MacDonald’s comments during the discussions that had taken place in recent weeks. He is very concerned that Ussishkin be available for the subsequent upcoming negotiations, since he feels Ussishkin’s advice would be of paramount importance. Ben-Gurion states that MacDonald’s position is that neither the Balfour Declaration nor the League of Nations Mandate given to Britain ever envisioned or sanctioned Jewish immigration to Palestine. MacDonald’s argument is that the Second Aliyah has undermined the stability of Palestine and the Middle East, agitating the Arab world at a time when the world is already on the brink of war. Moreover, he ties any hope of realising a Jewish Homeland on the will of the Arabs. Ben-Gurion’s opinion is that the British cannot be trusted, but that it is none the less necessary to continue negotiating. He strongly believes that the Jewish position has to be steadfast and consistent, revolving around two unyielding principles, which are: the refusal to let the Arabs dictate the future of Palestine and immediate, unconditional, open immigration to Palestine leading to the establishment of Jewish National Homeland. This letter is of considerable historical importance since it provides a valuable, first hand insight into the dynamics of the Arab-Jewish conflict in pre-war Palestine, as seen through the eyes of the eventual founders of the State of Israel. 8vo. Six loose notebook leaves (written in pencil on recto side only). Text in Hebrew, accompanied by a full translation into English.

Shapero Rare Books 63 71. [KENNEDY, John Fitzgerald]. Typescript with annotations Kennedy’s report on his Congressional trip to Israel. 1951. £3500 [ref: 95269]

JOHN F. KENNEDY’S INTEREST IN JEWISH AFFAIRS IN THE U.S. AND ABROAD STARTED WITH A PRIVATE VISIT TO THE HOLY LAND IN 1939. In October 1951, John F. Kennedy, who was serving as Congressman for the 11th Congressional District of Massachusetts at the time, along with his brother Robert and sister Pat, joined a congressional delegation on a seven-week fact finding tour of the Middle and Far East. He was greatly impressed with what had been achieved by the new state of Israel since 1939, as he later commented in a speech in 1960: ‘I returned in 1951 to see the grandeur of Israel... In 3 years this new state had opened its doors to 600,000 immigrants and refugees. Even while fighting for its own survival, Israel had given new hope to the persecuted and new dignity to the pattern of Jewish life. I left with the conviction that the United Nations may have conferred on Israel the credentials of nationhood; but its own idealism and courage, its own sacrifice and generosity, had earned the credentials of immortality.’ A highlight of his time in Jerusalem was having dinner with Israeli Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion and Congressman Franklin D. Roosevelt Jr. John F. Kennedy kept a journal during this trip which obviously served as the basis for this report on the current state of Israel. Although Richard M. Nixon was the first sitting President to visit Israel, Kennedy was the first President of the United States to visit Israel prior to taking office. Provenance: Dave Powers, given to a collector. Typescript with autograph annotations, 2 pp., 4to, n.p., annotated by JFK at the upper margin, slightly toned, very small tear to top edges of pages, small creases to corners.

64 Shapero Rare Books 72. [WEIZMANN, Chaim]. Letter from the President of Israel to Minister of Foreign Affairs Moshe Sharett, mounted with a black and white photograph of president Weizmann entering Jerusalem for the first time.Letter: 6th January 1950. Photo: 17th February 1949.

£2750 [ref: 100807] On February 17th 1949 Dr Chaim Weizmann became the first president of the Jewish state. In this photo Weizmann is seen cutting a ribbon with golden scissors during the ceremonies that marked his first visit to Jerusalem as president, with his wife, Vera, to his right and the Mayor of Jerusalem, Daniel Auster, to his left, holding the box for the scissors. The photo is mounted together with a letter sent by Weizmann to Moshe Sharett, the Minister of Foreign Affairs at the time. The letter refers to the United Nations General Assembly Resolution 303, adopted on the 9th of December 1949. The resolution was in support of placing Jerusalem under an international regime, conferring it a special status due to its shared religious importance. Israel refused to accept the resolution. Subsequently Israel’s Prime Minister David Ben Gurion responded by proclaiming Jerusalem to be the capital of the State of Israel. President Weizmann’s letter of January 6th 1950 reads as follows: ‘My dear Sir, / I do hope that the distortion of the United Nations General Assembly concerning Jerusalem will be amended, because it is impossible that the Assembly will not see its mistake. However, we must be careful not to misstep. / Jerusalem shall be ours if we will respect the other religions, and if we ensure their rights. / With respect and regards, / Dr C. Weizmann / President of Israel.’ Typed letter signed by Dr C. Weizmann; 1 leaf, 4to. Text in Hebrew and English, mounted with a black and white photograph signed and dated by Weizmann in green ink in the upper left corner.

Shapero Rare Books 65 PRESENTATION COPY 73. CHAGALL, Marc. Vitraux pour Jérusalem. Monte Carlo, André Sauret, 1962. £1950 [ref: 99221]

INSCRIBED BY MARC CHAGALL AND HIS COLLABORATOR AND ‘MASTER PRINTMAKER’ CHARLES SORLIER. In 1960, Marc Chagall was asked by the Hadassah Medical Center in Jerusalem to create twelve designs in stained glass for its new synagogue. Inspired by his lifelong study of the Bible, Chagall realised these designs on the theme of Moses’ blessing of the Twelve Tribes of Israel. As a result of Judaism’s injunction against depicting the human form, the works instead feature animals, flowers, trees and Jewish symbols. Each window design is dominated by a specific colour and contains a blessing. Many consider these windows to be Chagall’s crowning achievement, and the artist himself confessed: ‘They have completely transformed my vision, they gave me a great shock, made me reflect. I don’t know how I shall paint from now on, but I believe something is taking place.’ In 1961, prior to their installation in the synagogue, the twelve windows were exhibited in the Louvre and New York’s MoMA, where they had the greatest success. The official dedication ceremony of the newly decorated synagogue took place on 6 February 1962. The present work contains Chagall’s sketches and studies for the windows. The colourful lithographs offer an insight into the making of these exceptional works of art and provide the Biblical quotations they were designed to illustrate. First French edition; folio (335 x 250 mm); introduction and notes by Jean Leymarie; two original lithographs prepared for this work by Chagall and numerous chromolithographs; inscribed by Marc Chagall and Charles Sorlier to Robert Iweins; grey cloth boards and dust jacket in excellent condition. 210, [6] pp. Cramer 49.

66 Shapero Rare Books 74. [BRITISH MANDATE]. British Government Group of Palestine Mandate. [Set of three works]. London, H.M.S.O., 1938-1939. £2500 [ref: 92874]

INCLUDES ONE OF ONLY 1500 COPIES OF THE LAST ‘PALESTINE WHITE PAPER’ issued by the British Government, in which an Independent Palestinian State is proposed, along with power-sharing agreements between the Jews and the Arabs, as well as restrictions on Jewish immigration and purchase of land. In the middle of the 1930s, at the beginning of the darkest time in Jewish history, Palestine was receiving waves of Jewish immigrants fl eeing the rise of Hitler. In 1936 the large number of immigrants led to a six month-long strike by the Arab population of Palestine. A Royal Commission was organised that the same year (also known as the ‘Peel Commission’), of which an offi cial report was published in July 1937. It stated that, as the recent events had shown, the Mandate was not working anymore and should lead to a partition of Palestine. The Palestine Partition Commission (or ‘Woodhead Commission’) took place in February 1938, and its report was published in November the same year (work no. 1). After a presentation of the geographical, economical and fi nancial aspects of the partition, including three different plans of separation of the territories, the conclusion drawn was that it was not feasible. A government statement (work no. 2) published right after this report announced a Conference to take place in London, that would gather both Jewish and Arab delegations from Palestine. The ‘London Conference’ started in February 1939, however after more than fi ve weeks of negotiations, no settlement had been made between the two nations, resulting in the British Government making the decisions. Published in the ‘White Paper of 1939’ (’Palestine Settlement of Policy’, work no. 3), they were: that an independent state would be established within ten years, before which Palestine would be neither a Jewish nor an Arab state; that a limit of 75,000 Jewish immigrants would be set for the fi ve years to come, and that the rights of Jews to buy land from Arabs would be restricted. Less than ten years later, the Declaration of Independence would be signed on 14 May 1948, establishing the State of Israel. These three original copies attest to the evolution of the status of the British Mandate of Palestine in the last decade before Israel’s independence. The two statements are the last two White Papers to be published during the Mandate. After the declaration of independence all the White Papers were declared invalid by the Israeli government. A set of three works comprising: 1) PALESTINE PARTITION COMMISSION REPORT, Presented by the Secretary of State for the Colonies to Parliament by Command of His Majesty, October 1938: 152 x 245 mm, 310 pp., 1 printed map, 12 large folding maps at rear including 2 in the rear pocket. 2) PALESTINE STATEMENT BY HIS MAJESTY’S GOVERNMENT IN THE UNITED KINGDOM, Presented by the Secretary of State for the Colonies to Parliament by Command of His Majesty, 1938: (152 x 243 mm), 4 pp. 3)PALESTINE STATEMENT OF POLICY, Presented by the Secretary of State for the Colonies to Parliament by Command of His Majesty, 1939: (152 x 243 mm), 12 pp.

Shapero Rare Books 67 PEEL COMMISSION REPORT ON PALESTINE AND THE WHITE PAPER 75. PEEL Commission. Palestine Royal Commission Report and White Paper. London, H.M. Stationery Office, July 1937. £1750 [ref: 90186] The Peel Commission, formally known as the Palestine Royal Commission, was a British Royal Commission of Inquiry, headed by Lord Peel, appointed in 1936 to investigate the causes of unrest in British Mandate for Palestine following the six-month-long Arab general strike in Mandatory Palestine. The report published in July 1937 stated, for the first time, that the Mandate had become unworkable and recommended partition. The report outlines recommendations on ten points: a Treaty system between the Arab and Jewish States and the new Mandatory Government; a Mandate for the Holy places; the frontiers; the need for Inter-State Subvention; the need for British Subvention; tariffs and ports; nationality; civil service; Industrial concessions; and the Exchange of land and populations. The White Paper titled ‘Palestine Statement of Policy by His Majesty’s Government in the United Kingdom’ states the government’s general agreement with the arguments and the conclusions of the report. Commission report: 8vo, (245 x 150 mm); 404 pp., 4 maps, original printed wrappers, minor rubbing and small tear to spine. White paper: mint condition. 76. Board of Deputies of BRITISH JEWS. Memorandum Submitted to The Anglo-American Committee of Enquiry into The Jewish Problem in Europe and the future of Palestine. London, The Narod Press (printer), 23 January, 1946. £200 [ref: 95353] The Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry (AACI), formed in December 1945, was created to study the situation of Jewish survivors in Europe and the problems connected with their resettlement in Palestine. Composed of six British and six American members, the committee was charged with gathering information and making recommendations on, first, the effect of Jewish immigration and resettlement on political, economic, and social conditions in Palestine, and second, the position of surviving Jews in Europe and the possibility of resettling or repatriating them in Palestine and other non- European countries. On April 20, 1946, the AACI submitted its unanimous report, which was made public on May 1. Provenance: Private library of Chimen Abramsky (1916-2010) - emeritus professor of Jewish studies at UCL, important Hebrew and Jewish history scholar. 4to, (238 x 155 mm). Original printed wrappers, fine and clean. Previous owner’s inscription in pencil inside front wrapper. 14 pp.

68 Shapero Rare Books 77. [BRITISH MANDATE]. A Survey of Palestine. Prepared in December 1945 and January 1946 for the information of the Anglo- American Committee of Inquiry. Jerusalem, British Government Printer, 1945-1947. £900 [ref: 99653]

The complete set of this exhaustive report, prepared by the British Mandatory Government in Palestine for use by the post was committee addressing the fate of the Jewish refugees and the establishment of the Jewish state. The inside front wrapper of the supplement volume has a brief inscription to the famous American journalist Ruth Gruber. Ruth Gruber (1911-2016) was an American journalist, photographer, writer, humanitarian and a United States government official. She was a recipient of the Norman Mailer Prize. Born in Brooklyn to Russian Jewish immigrant parents, she became the youngest person in the world to receive a Doctorate degree at the time and started working as a journalist. In 1946 The New York Post asked her to cover the work of a newly created Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry on Palestine. The Committee was to decide the fate of 100,000 European Jewish refugees who were living in European camps as ‘displaced persons’. Harry Truman pressed Great Britain to open the doors of British Mandate of Palestine to the Jewish refugees. The committee members spent four months in Europe, Palestine and the Arab countries and another month in Switzerland digesting their experiences. At the end of its deliberations, the committee’s twelve members unanimously agreed that Britain should allow 100,000 Jewish immigrants to settle in Palestine. British foreign minister Ernest Bevin rejected the finding. Gruber continued to cover Israel: she later became a correspondent for the New York Herald, covering the work of the United Nations Special Committee on Palestine. She later covered the Exodus 1947 ship affair, accompanying it back to Germany when it was not allowed to enter the Haifa harbour and turned away by the British Royal Navy. Out of the many journalists from around the world reporting on the affair, Gruber was the only journalist allowed by the British to accompany the Jewish refugees back to Germany. Provenance: Provenance: American journalist Ruth Gruber (1911-2016). First edition. A set of three vols comprising: Vol. I, Vol. II (Dec 1945 - Jan 1946) and supplement (Jun 1947). 8vo, original green wrappers, spines and edges rubbed and browned, small marginal tears and some restoration signs to wrappers. Vol. I - 534 pp., Vol. II - 1139 pp., Supplement - 153 pp.

Shapero Rare Books 69 AN IMPORTANT DOCUMENT RELATING TO THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE JEWISH STATE 78. [THE PROVISIONAL GOVERNMENT OF ISRAEL]. Iton Rishmi. [First issue of the Official Gazette, containing the Declaration of Independence for the State of Israel]. Tel Aviv, The Provisional Government of Israel, 1948. £2850 [ref: 95354]

THIS FIRST ISSUE OF ITON RISHMI CONTAINS THE OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE ISRAELI DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE, AS READ OUT BY BEN GURION. Iton Rishmi (Official Gazette) No. 1, Tel-Aviv, 14.5.1948. Includes the ‘Scroll of Independence’ and a manifest by the Provisional State Council. Brief contents summary: ‘Decree concerning the establishment of the State of Israel - In the Land of Israel the Jewish People have arisen... (a brief account follows of the events from the First Zionist Congress to date, including the Balfour Declaration)... Therefore, we are gathered together, we, the members of the people’s Government, the Leaders of the Hebrew Settlement and the Zionist Movement, on the day that marks the end of the British Mandate over the Land of Israel, and in accordance with the... decision of the Assembly of the United Nations, we hereby declare the establishment of the of the Jewish State in the Land of Israel, that is, the State of Israel.’ The names of all of the 37 members of the Provisional Government, headed by David Ben-Gurion, are listed on page 2. It also contains the annulment of the infamous 1939 White Paper restricting Jewish immigration to Palestine. Foolscap folio, (335 x 205 mm), printed in black ink. Text in Hebrew. Very small marginal tears and fold marks. 4 pp.

70 Shapero Rare Books 79. EZRA, N.E.B. (EDITOR). Israel’s Messenger. A Jewish Paper Devoted to the Interests of Jews and Judaism in the Far East. Shanghai, The Shanghai Times (printer), 1906-36. £4500 [ref: 88760] The official organ of the Shanghai Zionist Federation was established in 1904 by a ‘Baghdadi Jew’, Nissim Elias BenjaminEzra (1883–1936). A publisher and a Zionist, Ezra had founded the Shanghai Zionist Federation in the previous year and went on to serve as the editor-in-chief of the newspaper for more than 30 years until his death in 1936. Israel’s Messenger was the largest and oldest Shanghai Jewish community newspaper and the world’s first Zionist publication. It ran from 1904 to 1941. Its goal was to inform its readers of world news as well as the activities of Jewish communities in China, Hong Kong, Manila, Singapore and elsewhere. It covered various subjects, such as the Jewish religion, the details of Shanghai Jewish welfare organisations, local business activities, relations with the Jewish communities in Baghdad, India and the Holy Land, and of course, social gossip. An important source of knowledge about the Shanghai Jewish community and thus opens a unique window into a fascinating period of life in China at the turn of the 20th-century. Small folio. Bound here in five volumes, containing: Vols. 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 24-32. Numbers nonconsecutive, several lacking or duplicated. Variously worn, few tears and cut-outs, some loose leaves. Modern boards, loose. Text in English.

Shapero Rare Books 71 THE FIRST 24 ISSUES OF THE JEWISH CHRONICLE 80. MENDOLA, David; Moses Angel (editors). Sefer Zicaron. 81. MAARIV Newspaper. Israel Independence Day Issue. The Jewish Chronicle. First Series. London I. Vallentine, W. Telel Aviv, May 14, 1948. Brittain, 12 November 1841 to 15 April 1842. £550 [ref: 92738] £1950 [ref: 90184] Maariv newspaper’s debut issue was published on the 15 of February 1948; it was the most widely read newspaper in The Jewish Chronicle was the U.K’s oldest Jewish weekly Israel for the subsequent twenty years. newspaper. It was established in 1841 and published every Friday (except for Jewish holiday Fridays, in which case it is The present issue is for 14th of May 1948, the day on which published earlier in the week). The first issue, as well as the first Israel declared its independence, its front page proclaims: volume, of the Jewish Chronicle are extremely rare. Copies ‘The Mandate is dead! Long live our state!’ The back page held in its editorial offices and in the Mocatta Library were proclaims: ‘London: the UN won’t have the time to prevent the completely destroyed in 1941 during the London blitz. establishment of the Hebrew state’. 4to; 24 issues. Slightly browned pages, bound in recent grey cloth. Folio. Newsprint in red and black ink. Text in Hebrew. 4 pp. 140 pp. (out of original 8).

72 Shapero Rare Books Item 86

Rabbinic

Shapero Rare Books 73 THE FIRST PRINTED COMMENTARY ON THE PASSOVER HAGGADAH 82. ABARBANEL, Isaac ben Judah [Don Isaac Abravanel]. Zevach Pesach. [Passover Offering]. Constantinople, David and Samuel ibn Nahmias, 1505. £35,000 [ref: 98814]

THE FIRST PRINTED COMMENTARY ON THE PASSOVER HAGGADAH. THE ESSENCE OF THE WORK IS THE 100 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ABOUT LEIL HASEDER (THE PASSOVER SEDER NIGHT), WITH SOME OF THE QUESTIONS BEING LEFT UNANSWERED. Don Isaac ben Judah Abarbanel (1437-1508) was a noted statesman, biblical exegete and Jewish philosopher. He was born in Lisbon to one of the most distinguished Iberian Jewish families, who had escaped the massacre in Castile in 1391. He devoted his early years to studies of Jewish Philosophy and Rabbinic literature. He became the chief Rabbi of Portugal. In addition to his high intellectual abilities, he showed a complete mastery of financial matters, which attracted the attention of King Afonso V of Portugal who employed him as treasurer. Using his high position and the great wealth inherited from his father, Abarbanel repeatedly came to the rescue of various Jewish communities. He had passed in Venice and was buried in the Jewish cemetery Padua, which was destroyed in the Siege of Padua in 1509, a year after his passing. Abarbanel had finalised the writing of Zevach Pesach in Monopoli, on the Passover night of 1496, as stated in the last paragraph of the book. The book was brought to print by Abarbanel’s son, Judah (Leone Ebreo), author of Dialogi di Amore, and was published together with two additional works: Nahalat Avot and Rosh Emunah. Zevach Pesach (as well as the other two works published by Judah Abarbanel) begins with a poem written by him. His verses for Zevach Pesach begin with words of affection and deep respect for his father. The work proved popular and was repeatedly reprinted and later illustrated. First edition. 8vo, (270 x 195 mm); inscription in Hebrew in old purple ink to margin of one leaf, minor warming and small marginal tears to some leaves, faded stamp and ink stains to title. Vellum backed parchment modern binding, housed in a red cloth chemise and a morocco backed slip case. 40 ll. Vinograd, Constantinople 3; Ya’ari, Constantinople 3; Mehlman 1189; Yudlov, Haggadah 5; Ya’ari, Haggadah 3; Yerushalmi, plate 5; Heller, The Sixteenth Cen. Hebrew Book, Vol. I, p.7.

74 Shapero Rare Books Shapero Rare Books 75 83. KIMCHI, David (RADAK). Sefer HaShorashim. [’Book of Roots’ - lexicon to the Bible]. Constantinople, Ashtruk Detolon (printer), 1513. £27,000 [ref: 97085]

LEXICON TO THE BIBLE BY RABBI DAVID BEN JOSEPH KIMCHI (C.1160-1235, SOMETIMES SPELLED KIMHI, ALSO KNOWN BY THE ACRONYM RADAK). This is the second variant of the fourth edition, with a blank title page (as noted by Yudlov in the Mehlman catalogue). The first word of the text ‘Amar’ in this variant, on reverse of the title page is the same font size as the following text, in the other variant copies this word printed in a larger font size. Sefer HaShorashim is actually the second part of Kimchi’s grammatical work titled Michlol (or Mikhlol); the first part - Helek HaDikduk [grammar] retained the title Michlol, while the second part - Helek HaInyan [lexicon] became known as Sefer HaShorashim - a glossary of Hebrew and Aramaic words. The text arranged alphabetically, in three columns. Root letters of individual words are printed in bold, followed by philological explanations and biblical citations. To some extent Kimchi relied on the work of R. Jonah ibn Janah (first half 11th century) as well as on the philological writings of his father and brother, who were both accomplished grammarians. His other sources included R. Jacob ben Elazer (a 13th-century Spanish Jewish grammarian) and Abraham ibn Ezra (one of the most distinguished 12 century Spanish Jewish biblical commentators and philosophers). Kimchi’s father, R. Joseph Kimchi, fled the Almohad persecutions in Spain and David Kimchi was born in Provence. Kimchi is known as the most prominent Hebrew grammarian of the medieval period, surpassing others in simplicity, comprehensiveness and methodical presentation of the subject matter. He is also known as a life-long anti-Christian polemicist, famously publishing his Teshuvot Lanotzrim [Responses to Christians]. A trace of the anti-Christian polemic can also be found in the offered book, the passage remarkably survived intact, while in other copies it was usually struck off by the censor: under the entry ‘Elem’ (l. 87a, bottom of third column), quoting his father, Kimchi derides the Christian assertion that the word ‘almah’ [a young girl] in Isaiah 7:14 refers to a virgin birth (parthenogenesis). ‘Sefer HaShorashim is among the first printed Hebrew books, the first edition being among the undated books issued in Rome c. 1470, in addition to a second incunable edition (Naples, c. 1490).’ Heller Fourth edition, blank title page variant. Small folio, (285 x 200 mm). Former owners’ signatures to opening leaf, including ‘Saul David... Segal Ish Mortara’. Opening leaf margins professionally repaired, slight worming and some staining to a few leaves, edges stained red. Modern exquisitely blind-tooled calf boards, housed in a custom slip-case. 132 ll. Vinograd, Const. 37; Mehlman 1253; Steinschneider, Cat. Bodl. 4821, 45 col. 873 (ed. rara); Yaari 21, p.69; Heller, The Sixteenth Cen. Hebrew Book, Vol. 1, p.197; Zedner, p.200.

76 Shapero Rare Books 84. SHALOM, Abraham Ben Isaac. Neve Shalom. [The Oasis of Peace]. Constantinople, Eliezer ben Gershom Soncino, 1538. £8750 [ref: 97086] The present work is a series of homilies on various ‘aggadic’ passages from the Talmud (aggadah, literally ‘a tale’, refers to the non-legalistic exegesis in the classical rabbinic literature, particularly the Talmud and Midrash), interwoven with philosophical discussions seeking to serve as a defense of Maimonides’ reconciliation of Greek and Jewish philosophy. The author (d. 1492) was one of the last representatives of the Spanish-Jewish philosophic tradition and possessed a thorough command of the fields of knowledge of his time, his work here is rich in quotations from Greek and Arabic philosophical literature. See EJ, Vol. XIV, cols. 1270-1. Provenance: The Valmadonna Trust Library collection. First edition. 4to, a wide margined copy; unpaginated. Title within architectural arch; title and three closing leaves remargined, stained in places, slight worming to a few edges. Modern blind- tooled panelled calf. Text in Hebrew. [196 ll.] Vinograd, Const. 162; Yaari 127, p.95. Not in Heller.

Shapero Rare Books 77 FIRST EDITION OF THE RESPONSA BOOK BY RABI YITZHAK BAR SHESHET 85. HARIBASH (Rabbi Yitzhak Bar Sheshet Perfet). Tshuvot HaRav. [Answers of the Rabbi]. Constantinople, Eleazar ben Gershon Soncino, 1546-47. £5500 [ref: 97445] Bar Sheshet (1326–1408) was a Spanish Talmudic authority and one of the greatest Jewish scholars of the 14th century, also known by his acronym HaRibash. He settled early in life in Barcelona, where he studied under Perez ha-Kohen, Hasdai Crescas and most importantly under Rabbi Nissim ben Reuben (HaRan), who was considered the most prominent Rabbi of his time. Later in life HaRibash became the Rabbi of Zaragoza before moving on to serve in Valencia. Due to the persecutions of the Jews he escaped to Algeria circa 1391 and lived there for the rest of his life, honoured as one of the prominent leaders of the community. HaRibash is famous for this responsa work, that consists of his 517 answers to questions, from which many halacha rulings were included in the Shulchan Aruch. Tshuvot HaRav is the only written work by Bar Sheshet that survived. Originally the book was printed as separate pamphlets (kuntresim), that were handed out to purchasers on Shabbatot in the synagogue, as was the custom in Constantinople at the time. At the time a halachic debate took place on the issue among the Rabbis of Constantinople, who opposed to this custom. The printer, Eleazar ben Gershon Soncino, was the last of the prominent Italian Ashkenazi Jewish family of printers. The Soncino printers were distinguished due to their perfection of type and correctness, as well as for the fact that they were the first to print the Hebrew Bible. Eleazar ben Gershon worked in Constantinople from 1534 to 1547. Provenance: Zimmerman family library. First edition. Quarto bound in sixes, (310 x 220 mm). Signatures of ownership, a few written glosses and some censor’s strikeouts in old brown ink, with censor’s signature to last page of the book. Occasional staining and browning and very minor worming to some pages. Marbled edges, later restored binding. A fine copy. [12], [281], [10] ll. Vinograd, Const. 193; Heller, The Sixteenth Cen. Hebrew Book, Vol I, p.323; Yaari 145, p.103.

78 Shapero Rare Books 86. VITAL, David Ben Solomon (The Physician). Keter Torah. [Crown of Torah]. Constantinople, Eliezer ben Gershom Soncino, 1536. £6750 [ref: 97087] The Gaon (eminent Jewish scholar) Rabbi David Vital was a Spanish Jewish poet and theologian, born in mid-fifteenth century. Exiled from Spain in 1492 Vital settled in Greece, first in Patras and following the Turko-Venetian war of 1532, in Arta, where he was welcomed as a halachic authority and have spent the rest of his life. Keter Torah is a rhymed summary of the 613 commandments in accordance with Maimonides’s enumeration, together with the seven rabbinical commandments. Hence, the numerical value of the title, ‘Keter’ (620). Vital based himself upon the tradition that the 620 letters of the Torah’s Ten Commandments hint at the 620 commandments. The work is a commentary to Sefer HaMitzvoth by Maimonides and Vital declares that he has ‘not strayed from the great Eshel [tamarisk tree], neither left nor right.’ Each commandment begins with Maimonides’ formulation and concludes with Vital’s commentary, which sometimes includes a reply to Maimonides’ critics. Despite its unusual poetic form, Keter Torah remains an important halachic source frequently quoted in rabbinic literature. Samson Cohen Modon, whose ownership signature adorns the title page, was a scholar and rabbi of Mantua (1679–1727), author of Kol Mussar (Venice, 1721) and other works. Provenance: The Valmadonna Trust Library collection; Rabbi Samson Cohen Modon of Mantua (1679–1727). First edition. 4to, (290 x 200 mm); an uncut copy. Title within historiated woodcut border surmounted by coronet. Illustration of hand (relating to calendar) on l. 14v, illustration of cow’s lung (relating to dietary laws) on l. 92v. Signature of Samson Cohen Modon of Mantua to title page. Old Latin signatures to last leaf. Opening three and last four leaves trace wormed and stained, upper portion of title-page remargined. Modern blind-tooled maroon morocco; housed in custom slip-case. [128 ll.] Vinograd, Const. 154; Mehlman 705, Yaari 120, p.93; Heller, The Sixteenth Cen. Hebrew Book, Vol. 1, p.220.

Shapero Rare Books 79 87. BEN MELECH, Solomon. Mikhlol Yofi. [Entirety of Beauty]. Constantinople, Moseh ben Elazar Parnas, 1549. £2500 [ref: 88392] A detailed grammatical commentary on the 24 books of the Old Testament, taken mainly from the works of Rabbi David Kimchi (the Radak, 1160-1235) who wrote a grammatical text similarly entitled Michlol. This work was reprinted at Salonika in 1567, then in Amsterdam in 1661 and 1668 with notes by Jacob Abendana, Hacham (Esteemed Torah Scholar) of London from 1680 until his death in 1695. Included at the end of this text are poems in praise of the book by Shlomo (Solomon) ben Mazal Tov and Abraham ben Efrayim Sangi. First edition, folio, (300 x 215 mm). Title within woodcut border decorated with floral motifs; some browning and light foxing, some ink marginalia in Italian and Hebrew, ink stamp on title and final leaf, some staining (mostly marginal) towards end, occasional hand written remarks on margins in ink, in old Hebrew writing. 16th cent. style calf boards with gilt title to spine. 191 ll. Adams S1418; Steinschneider 2372; Vinograd, Const. 199; Yaari, Const. 148; Zedner 729; Heller, The Sixteenth Cent. Hebrew Book Vol. I, p.349.

80 Shapero Rare Books 88. HALEVI, Joshuah; Shmuel HANAGID. Halichot Olam im Mavo HaGmara. Sive Clavis Talmudica. [The book of Talmudic law and Introduction to the Gmara]. Leiden, Elzeviriorum, 1634. £1250 [ref: 97721] The rules and rulings of the Talmud by Rabbi Joshuah HaLevi ben Yosef, including an introduction to the Gmara - a work by Rabbi Shmuel Hanagid. The work is considered to be one of the most important in its field. The first edition was printed in 1490, followed by another eleven Hebrew editions and only one that combines a Latin translation, offered here. The importance of this book can be gleaned from Rabbi Gedaliah ibn Yichya’s will to his son, as printed in his book, Shalshelet HaKabbalah: ‘Remember, my son, to study the book Halichot Olam at least twice a year, [in order] to reveal the mysteries of its rules with a very broad and nice elucidation. An essential leading which [in time] will make one better than his predecessors.’ The author, Rabbi Yeshua (Joshuah Halevi), is mentioned by Rabbi Betzalel Ashkenazi in Shitah Mekubetzet. First Latin edition. Small Quarto, (195 x 155 mm). German ink library stamp with deaccessioning stamp. Many old ownership signatures and glosses in old brown ink. Edges rubbed and browned. Original restored calf boards. Text in Latin and Hebrew. [20] ll., [1] 2-232 pp., [12] ll. Vinograd, Leiden 39. Not in Heller.

Shapero Rare Books 81 89. RODRIGUES MOREIRA, Jacob. Kehilath Jahacob: Being a vocabulary of words in the Hebrew Language. London, A. Alexander, [1773]. £3000 [ref: 101541]

A SCARCE TALMUD AND HOLY SCRIPTURE VOCABULARY, PUBLISHED BY THE PIONEER OF HEBREW PRINTING IN LONDON A. ALEXANDER. Jacob Rodrigues Moreira was an educated Jewish author associated with the Haskalah movement. This lexicon is his only surviving publication. The work contains an approbation by Rabbi Moseh Cohen d’Azevedo (1720-1784), also known as the Haham of London (the Wise Man of the Spanish and Portuguese congregation of London). This biblical lexicon arranged in triple column, containing more than four thousand words/idioms (each in Hebrew, English and Spanish) arranged in fifty-eight topical chapters. Moreira carefully arranged the Hebrew terms and phrases according to subject, coining new terms where needed and translated them to Spanish. His son, Haim Moreira, translated the terms to English. The final, 58th chapter contains an imaginary dialogue between the author and his son. Alexander Alexander (Alexander ben Judah Leib) was one of the pioneers of the Hebrew printing in London, active in the 18th-19th centuries. He had established his Hebrew press in London in 1770 and published the first bilingual Hebrew-English Common Prayer-book and Haggadah. The engraved Hebrew title page of this volume is signed by M. Marrebeeck - an 18th century Dutch print publisher, that was most likely working in Amsterdam. Provenance: David Bueno de Mesquita (1889- 1962), Dutch watercolourist, etcher and lithographer (signature to front inner cover). First edition. 4to, (265 x 215 mm); engraved Hebrew title page, additional English and Spanish title pages, approbation leaf by Rabbi Moseh Cohen de Azevedo in Spanish and Hebrew; Hebrew, English and Spanish index of the chapters and erratas; preface to the readers in Spanish and English; contemporary mottled calf with gilt panel, gilt spine in 6 compartments with red morocco label. First two title pages’ edges browned and chipped, slight worming to few other leaves, not affecting text. [26], 183, [1] pp. Vinograd, London 75. Alston XIV, 197. ESTC T168924. Roth B15.40. Not in Vancil or Zaunmuller.

82 Shapero Rare Books 90. [PRAYER BOOK]. Siddur Korban Mincha Savlanut Ha’shalem. Jerusalem, Lewin-Epstein Bros., 1970. £500 [ref: 99625]

ASHKENAZI RITE HEBREW PRAYER BOOK IN A MAGNIFICENT BEZALEL BINDING, DEPICTING JERUSALEM’S TOWER OF DAVID. The Bezalel school was founded in 1906 in Jerusalem by the artist and professor Boris Schatz, and was the first art school to be established in the Holy Land in the 20th century. The establishment of Bezalel was initiated by Schatz, who discussed his vision of opening an art school in the Land of Israel with Herzl, while the two met in Vienna in 1903 at the sixth Zionist Congress. Schatz chose to call the school ‘Bezalel’ after the biblical artist Bezalel ben Uri ben Hur, mentioned in the book of Exodus as the artist chosen by God to build the Tabernacle (hamishkan in Hebrew). According to the scripture this artist worked in silver, gold, copper, stone and wood. By founding his art school Schatz aimed to establish a national style of art, blending classical Jewish, European and Middle- Eastern traditions. In addition to traditional sculpture and painting training, the school ran craft workshops that produced decorative art objects in silver, leather, wood, brass and fabric, which were sold at exhibitions in Europe and the United States. Schatz’s school was closed in 1929 and then reopened in the mid 1930s as the ‘New Bezalel’. In 1955 the school received its official academic acclaim and today the Bezalel Academy of Art and Design is Israel’s national school of art, as well as its oldest higher education institution. The art created by Bezalel’s students and professors in the first decades of the 20th century is considered the stepping stone for Israeli visual arts. 8vo, Bezalel school embossed ornamental binding with copper relief insert depicting the Tower of David, magnificently illustrated title page, text in Hebrew.

Shapero Rare Books 83 Shapero Rare Books

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VAT Number G.B. 105 103 675

Front cover image - item 56 Inside cover images - item 54 NB: The illustrations are not equally scaled. Exact dimensions will be provided on request.

Compiled by Bela Goldenberg Taieb Edited by Jeffrey Kerr Design by Magdalena Joanna Wittchen Photography by Magdalena Joanna Wittchen, Ivone Chao, Natasha Marshall Printed by Impress

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