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Urban Mobility in Eastern Poland: the Way Forward

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Urban Mobility in Eastern Poland: the Way Forward Urban Mobility in Eastern Poland: The Way Forward Transport and ICT Global Practice Europe and Central Asia Region ©2015 The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street NW Washington DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000 Internet: www.worldbank.org This report was prepared by the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in it do not necessarily reflect the views of the Executive Directors of the World Bank or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (Exchange Rate Effective June 30, 2014) Currency Unit - PLN Euro 1 = PLN 4.1568 WEIGHT AND MEASURES Metric system FISCAL YEAR January 1 – December 31 Regional Vice President: Laura Tuck Country Director Mamta Murthi Senior Global Practice Director: Pierre Guislain Practice Manager: Juan Gaviria Task Team Leader: Carolina Monsalve ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ABT Account-Based Ticketing ADCS Automated Data Collection System AFC Automatic Fare Collection AOM Organizing Authority of Mobility AOTU Autorités Organisatrices des Transport Urbains, Urban Organizing Transport Authority ATC Area Traffic Control AVL Automatic Vehicle Location BODS Bus Passenger Origin and Destination Survey BTP British Transport Police CATCH Carbon Aware Travel Choices CDM Clean Development Mechanism CF Cohesion Fund CO2 Carbon dioxide COPERT Computer Programme to Calculate Emissions from Road Transport DLR Docklands Light Railway EC European Commission ECA European Court of Auditors EEV Enhanced Environmentally friendly Vehicle E-PRTR European Pollutant Release and Transfer Register ERDF European Regional Development Fund ESIF European Structural and Investment Funds EU European Union FUA Functional Urban Area GHG Greenhouse Gas GOM Gdańsk Metropolitan Area GPS Global Positioning System HEAT Harmonized Emissions Analysis Tool ITI Integrated Territorial Investment ITS Intelligent Transport System IVE International Vehicle Emissions KM Kilometer KPK Komunalne Przedsiebiorstwo Komunikacyjne KPKM Komunalne Przedsiebiorstwo Komunikacji Miejskiej KZK Komunalny Zaklad Komunikacyjny KZK GOP Public Transport Municipal Association for the Upper Silesia Industrial Area LU London Underground MAPAM Modernization of Public Territorial Action MPK Miejskie Przedsiębiorstwo Komunikacyjne, Municipal Transport Operator MOVES Motor Vehicle Emissions Simulator MZKP Intercommunal Association for Public Transport MZKZG Metropolitan Association for Public Transport in the Gulf of Gdańsk NMT Non-Motorized Transport NUP National Urban Policy NSRD National Strategy of Regional Development NSDC National Spatial Development Concept OECD Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development OP Operational Programme OPEP Operational Programme for Eastern Poland OPIE Operational Programme Infrastructure and Environment PKS Przedsiębiorstwo Komunikacji Samochodowej, Intercity and Rural Bus Operator PLK Polskie Linie Kolejowe, Polish Railway Lines PLN Polish Zloty PM Particulate Matter PR Przewozy Regionalne, Regional Railway Company PSO Public Service Obligation SEMITAN Société d'Economie Mixte des Transports de l'Agglomération Nantaise SKM Szybka Kolej Miejska; Fast Urban Railway ŚKUP Silesian Public Services Card SMS Short Message Service SUMP Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan SUMP Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan TfL Transport for London UK United Kingdom UNFCCC United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change USD US Dollar ZDZiT Zarząd Dróg Zieleni i Transportu w Olsztynie, Roads and Public Transport Authority ZTM Zarząd Transportu Miejskiego, Transport Authority TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary ........................................................................................................................................................i Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................... 4 National Program for the Development of Low-Carbon Economy .......................................................................... 4 Public Transport Policy ............................................................................................................................................ 5 Framework for Regional and Spatial Policy ............................................................................................................. 8 Spatial Planning Act ............................................................................................................................................... 10 OECD Urban Policy Review: Key Findings ........................................................................................................... 11 Constraints on Public Transport Fares and Parking Rates ...................................................................................... 13 Conclusion .............................................................................................................................................................. 14 Key Recommendations ........................................................................................................................................... 15 Assessing Urban Mobility in Eastern Poland .............................................................................................................. 18 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................. 18 A Comparative Perspective .................................................................................... 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Institutional Structure ............................................................................................................................................. 27 Public Transport Operators ..................................................................................................................................... 28 Local Strategies and Planning Context ................................................................................................................... 33 Financial Arrangements .......................................................................................................................................... 36 Management of Car Access and Cycling ................................................................................................................ 42 EU-Funded Investment Program ............................................................................................................................ 44 Conclusions from city-level assessments .................................................................................................................... 48 Recommendations ................................................................................................................................................... 52 Inter-municipal Coordination ...................................................................................................................................... 55 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................. 55 Inter-Communal Transport Authorities: The Case of France ................................................................................. 55 Polish Experience with Inter-municipal Cooperation ............................................................................................. 57 Conclusion .............................................................................................................................................................. 64 Recommendations ................................................................................................................................................... 65 Annex 1: List of Persons Met ...................................................................................................................................... 67 Annex 2: The European Framework ............................................................................................................................ 74 Annex 3: Public Transport Prices ................................................................................................................................ 85 Annex 4: Public Transport Performance, Measurement, and Evaluation .................................................................... 87 Annex 5: Sampel of Customer Satisfaction Survey Questionnaires ............................................................................ 95 Annex 6: Bus Passenger Origin-Destination Estimation and Related Analyses .......................................................... 97 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This report was prepared by Carolina Monsalve (Senior Transport Economist) and Frank Allen (Senior Urban Transport Consultant), together with a
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