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The Analogical Speaker Or Grammar Put in Its Place René-Joseph Lavie The Analogical Speaker or grammar put in its place René-Joseph Lavie To cite this version: René-Joseph Lavie. The Analogical Speaker or grammar put in its place. Linguistique. Université de Nanterre - Paris X, 2003. Français. tel-00144458v1 HAL Id: tel-00144458 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00144458v1 Submitted on 3 May 2007 (v1), last revised 5 May 2014 (v2) HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. UNIVERSITE DE PARIS 10 NANTERRE, FRANCE Département des Sciences du Language Laboratoire: MoDyCo, UMR 7114 Ecole doctorale: Connaissance et Culture René Joseph Lavie The Analogical Speaker or grammar put in its place Doctoral dissertation for the grade of Doctor in Language Sciences defended publicly on november 18th, 2003 Translated by the author with contributions of Josh Parker Original title: Le Locuteur Analogique ou la grammaire mise à sa place Jury: Sylvain Auroux Research Director, CNRS; Ecole Normale Supérieure, Lyon Marcel Cori, Professor, Université de Paris 10 Nanterre Jean-Gabriel Ganascia , Professor, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris 6) Bernard Laks, Professor, Université de Paris 10 Nanterre Bernard Victorri, Research Director, CNRS, Laboratoire LATTICE Director: Bernard Laks 2004 02 01 Content INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................................... 9 CHAPTER 1. "SEE TO IT THAT ORDER IS NOT MADE A THING" .......................................... 15 1.1. OBJECT: PRODUCTIVITY, INNOVATION, EVOLUTION AND VARIATION ............................................... 15 1.2. RENOUNCING CATEGORIES AND RULES ............................................................................................ 16 1.3. THE SLOT-FILLER SCHEMA ............................................................................................................... 17 1.4. ANALOGY, THE RENEWED SEDUCTIONS OF A VENERABLE NOTION ................................................... 19 1.5. EXPLAINING PRODUCTIVITY ASSUMES A MECHANISM ...................................................................... 19 1.6. PROXIMALITY OF THE MOTIVATION DYNAMICS ................................................................................ 21 1.7. CONTINGENT CAUSALITY ................................................................................................................. 22 1.8. HYPOTHESIS .................................................................................................................................... 23 CHAPTER 2. MOMENTS IN THE HISTORY OF ANALOGY, IN LINGUISTICS AND IN PSYCHOLOGY ....................................................................................................................................... 25 2.1. IN THE ANTIQUITY, A "QUARREL" ARBITRATED BY VARRO ............................................................. 25 2.2. ARNAULD AND LANCELOT, DISTURB THE LEAST POSSIBLE THE ANALOGY OF LANGUAGE ................ 26 2.3. HUMBOLDT: ANALOGY PUTS SOUND AND CONCEPTS AT THE SAME PACE ......................................... 27 2.4. BRUGMANN AND SAUSSURE, ANALOGY REPAIRS PHONETIC CHANGE DAMAGE ................................ 28 2.5. A REPAIRING ANALOGY WITH MORPHOLOGICAL AND SYNTACTIC EFFECT ........................................ 32 2.6. BLOOMFIELD, THE POWER OF ANALOGY EXTENDED TO SYNTAX ...................................................... 33 2.7. HOUSEHOLDER FORMULATES THE POTENTIAL OF ANALOGY ............................................................ 34 2.8. CHOMSKY, CATEGORIES AND GENERATIVE RULES AGAINST ANALOGY ............................................ 36 2.9. HOPPER AND TRAUGOTT, ANALOGY PARTICIPATES IN GRAMMATICALIZATION ................................ 39 2.10. ANALOGY FOR PSYCHOLOGISTS AND PSYCHOANALYSTS ............................................................... 41 2.11. HOFSTADTER, EMERGENT ANALOGY .............................................................................................. 42 2.12. ITKONEN, REHABILITATION OF ANALOGY ...................................................................................... 42 2.13. ANALOGY PROFILES ....................................................................................................................... 44 2.14. STATICS, A DYNAMICS OF CHANGE, NOT YET A DYNAMICS OF ACTS ............................................... 45 CHAPTER 3. MODEL OF LINGUISTIC KNOWLEDGE, MODEL OF THE DYNAMICS OF ACTS ......................................................................................................................................................... 47 3.1. TOWARDS A CONCRETE MODEL ....................................................................................................... 48 3.2. A SPEAKER’S LINGUISTIC KNOWLEDGE AS A PLEXUS ....................................................................... 53 3.3. ANATOMY OF ANALOGY .................................................................................................................. 57 3.4. STATIC MODEL: A PLEXUS AS THE INSCRIPTION OF ANALOGIES ........................................................ 64 3.5. PHILOSOPHY OF THE STATIC MODEL ................................................................................................ 72 3.6. ABDUCTION, ABDUCTIVE MOVEMENTS ............................................................................................ 79 3.7. GENERAL FRAMEWORK OF THE DYNAMIC SIDE OF THE MODEL ........................................................ 89 3.8. CONCLUSION ................................................................................................................................... 93 CHAPTER 4. STRUCTURAL PRODUCTIVITY ................................................................................ 95 4.1. ANALYSIS WITH AGENTS B2, B3 ...................................................................................................... 95 4.2. ABOUT NON-TRANSFORMATION ..................................................................................................... 105 4.3. JOHN IS TOO STUBBORN TO TALK / TO TALK TO / TO TALK TO BILL ................................................ 110 4.4. AMALGAMATIONS, ARTICLE-PREPOSITION CONTRACTION IN FRENCH ........................................... 120 4.5. QUESTIONS NOT ADDRESSED IN THIS CHAPTER .............................................................................. 123 4.6. CONCLUSIONS ON STRUCTURAL PRODUCTIVITY ............................................................................ 124 3 CHAPITRE 5. SYSTEMIC PRODUCTIVITY ................................................................................... 127 5.1. SYSTEMIC PRODUCTIVITY, DEFINITION AND EXPLANATION............................................................ 127 5.2. ADVERBIAL DERIVATION IN FRENCH, A PROCESS USING ONE PARADIGM ONLY .............................. 134 5.3. FRENCH VERB, TWO PARADIGMS PLAYING INTEGRATIVELY ........................................................... 137 5.4. RECRUITMENT AND EDIFICATION ................................................................................................... 142 5.5. AUVERGNATS AND BAVARIANS, RESETTING IN A SAME PARADIGM ............................................... 142 5.6. FRENCH ARTICLES, REINFORCEMENT EFFECTS ............................................................................... 149 5.7. GRAMMATICAL AGREEMENT WITH AN2 ........................................................................................ 150 5.8. CONCLUSIONS ON SYSTEMIC PRODUCTIVITY .................................................................................. 154 CHAPTER 6. MORE QUESTIONS OF GRAMMAR AND DESCRIPTION ................................. 157 6.1. MORPHEME, WORD, SYNTAGM ....................................................................................................... 157 6.2. SYNTAX-MORPHOLOGY SEPARATION ............................................................................................. 171 6.3. ZEROES .......................................................................................................................................... 174 6.4. ANOMALY AND REGULARITY ......................................................................................................... 178 6.5. SYNTACTIC HEAD .......................................................................................................................... 180 6.6. SENTENCE ...................................................................................................................................... 181 6.7. CONCLUSION: DYNAMICS ARE THE CAUSE, AND THE GRAMMAR AN EFFECT ................................... 182 CHAPTER 7. FOUNDATIONS AND CONTRASTS ......................................................................... 184 7.1. ANALOGY IN THIS MODEL AND IN OTHER PROPOSITIONS ................................................................ 184 7.2. INDIVIDUALITY OF TERMS .............................................................................................................. 191 7.3.
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