DOCSLIB.ORG

(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2008/0299070 A1 Engel Et Al

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2008/0299070 A1 Engel Et Al US 20080299070A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2008/0299070 A1 Engel et al. (43) Pub. Date: Dec. 4, 2008 (54) ANTIVIRAL COMPOUNDS Publication Classification (76) Inventors: Robert Engel, Carle Place, NY (51) Int. Cl. (US); JaimeLee Iolani Rizzo, Glen A 6LX 3L/785 (2006.01) Cove, NY (US); Karin Melkonian A6IP3L/2 (2006.01) Fincher, Garden City, NY (US) Correspondence Address: (52) U.S. Cl. ..................................................... 424/78.36 HOFFMANN & BARON, LLP 6900 UERCHO TURNPIKE SYOSSET, NY 11791 (US) (57) ABSTRACT (21) Appl. No.: 12/130,303 The present invention relates to novel antiviral compounds (22) Filed: May 30, 2008 which are covalently attached to Solid, macro Surfaces. In another embodiment, the invention relates to novel antiviral Related U.S. Application Data compositions including a polymeric material and, embedded (60) Provisional application No. 60/940,839, filed on May therein, an antiviral compound. In other embodiments, the 30, 2007, provisional application No. 60/942,037, invention relates to making a surface antiviral and making a filed on Jun. 5, 2007. polymeric material antiviral. US 2008/0299070 A1 Dec. 4, 2008 ANTIVIRAL COMPOUNDS 0016 wherein: 0017 SS represents a modified solid, macro surface CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED comprising polymeric molecules having more than one APPLICATIONS primary hydroxyl group in the unmodified State; 0001. This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provi 0.018 U represents —O— —S —NQ- or sional Application Ser. Nos. 60/940,839 filed May 30, 2007 —SiR : and 60/942,037 filed Jun. 5, 2007, which are incorporated 0.019 Q represents H, a hydrocarbon group comprising herein by reference. a minimum of 1 carbon atom and a maximum of 24 carbon atoms, phenyl, or benzyl; SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION I0020 R represents a hydrocarbon group comprising a minimum of 1 carbonatom and a maximum of 24 carbon 0002 The present invention relates to an antiviral surface atoms, phenyl, or benzyl; having the formula (I): 0021 T represents a hydrocarbon chain comprising a minimum of 1 carbonatom and a maximum of 24 carbon atoms; (I) 0022 n1 represents 0 or 1; 0023 n represents an integer from 2-8; 0024 Y represents - NR, "NR, PR - "PR, OH, -SH, SR, SR —SO —SO, OR, —OR, —C(O)R. —C(O)OR, or a diazabicyclo[2.2.2 0003 wherein: octane derivative selected from: 0004 SS represents a modified solid, macro surface comprising polymeric molecules having more than one primary hydroxyl group in the unmodified State; 0005 in represents an integer from 2-8; 0006 Y represents - NR = NR, PR - "PR, OH, -SH, —SR, SR —SO —SO, OR, —OR, —C(O)R. —C(O)OR, or a diazabicyclo[2.2.2 octane derivative selected from: 0.025 Rindependently represents H. C. alkyl, orphe nyl: I0026) R' represents H, C, alkyl, phenyl, - NR, PR, PR -OH, -SH, -SR, SR, -SO, —OR, C(O)R, C(O)OR, or -SO, OR; 0027 B represents an anion; 0028 a represents an integer: 0007 Rindependently represents H. C. alkyl, orphe 0029 crepresents the valence of B, and is equal to 1-3: nyl: 0030 wherein a X c represents a number such that the 10008) R' represents H, C, alkyl, phenyl, - NR, compound is charge balanced; and PR, PR-OH, -SH, -SR, "SR, -SO , 0.031 with the proviso that the macro surface is not —OR, C(O)R, C(O)OR, or -SO, OR; C-cyclodextrin or B-cyclodextrin. 0009 B represents an anion; 0032. The invention also relates to a solid antiviral com 0010 a represents an integer: position comprising 0011 c represents the valence of B, and is equal to 1-3: 0033 a) a polymeric material that is solid at room tem 0012 wherein a X c represents a number such that the perature and molten at elevated temperatures and, embedded compound is charge balanced; and therein; 0013 with the proviso that the macro surface is not C-cyclodextrin or B-cyclodextrin. 0034 b) a compound of formula (II): 0014. In a preferred embodiment, Y represents Y—(CH2), X-Z-X—(CH2), YaB (II) wherein: 0035 Z represents a modified polyol having more than one primary hydroxyl group in the unmodified State, wherein at least two of the primary hydroxyl groups have been replaced by X-(CH2), Y groups; 0.036 X represents 0.015 The invention also relates to an antiviral surface having the formula (III): (III) SS-(UT) -NN 1\-N-(CH-Y 17 aB 0037 n independently represents an integer from 2-8; 0038 Y represents - NR = NR, PR, PR, OH, -SH, -SR, "SR, -SO, -SO, OR, US 2008/0299070 A1 Dec. 4, 2008 —OR, —C(O)R. —C(O)OR, or a diazabicyclo[2.2.2 0059 a) a polymeric material that is solid at room tem octane derivative selected from: perature and molten at elevated temperatures and, embedded therein; 0060 b) a compound of formula (II): Y-(CH2), X-Z-X-(CH2), YaB (II) wherein: 0061 Z represents a modified polyol having more than one primary hydroxyl group in the unmodified State, 0039 Rindependently represents H, C alkyl, or phe wherein at least two of the primary hydroxyl groups nyl: have been replaced by X-(CH2), Y groups; I0040) R' represents H. C. alkyl, phenyl, - NR, 0062 X represents PR, PR —OH, -SH, —SR, —SR —SO , —OR, C(O)R, C(O)CR, or -SO, OR; I0041) m represents any number up to m'-1 wherein m' represents the number of primary hydroxyl groups in the polyol in the unmodified state; 0042 B represents an anion; 0043 a represents an integer; and 0044 c represents the valence of B, and is equal to 1-3: 0.063 n independently represents an integer from 2-8; 0045 whereinax crepresents a number such that the (0.064 Y represents - NR, "NR, PR - "PR, compound is charge balanced. OH, -SH, SR, SR —SO —SO, OR, 0046. Another aspect of the invention relates to a method —OR, —C(O)R. —C(O)OR, or a diazabicyclo[2.2.2 for protecting a surface from viral contamination, the method octane derivative selected from: comprising converting the Surface to an antiviral Surface hav ing the formula (I): (I) SS-N(1\) N-(CH)-Y aB. 0065 Rindependently represents H. C. alkyl, orphe N 17 nyl: I0066) R' represents H, C, alkyl, phenyl, - NR, 0047 wherein: PR, PR -OH, -SH, -SR, "SR, SO, 0048 SS represents a solid, macro surface comprising —OR, C(O)R, C(O)OR, or -SO, OR; polymeric molecules having more than one primary 0067 m represents any number up to m'-1 wherein m' hydroxyl group; represents the number of primary hydroxyl groups in the 0049 in represents an integer from 2-8; polyol in the unmodified state; 0050 Y represents - NR = NR, PR - "PR, 0068 B represents an anion; OH, -SH, —SR, SR —SO —SO, OR, 0069 a represents an integer; and —OR, —C(O)R. —C(O)OR, or a diazabicyclo[2.2.2 0070 c represents the valence of B, and is equal to 1-3: octane derivative selected from: 0071 whereinax crepresents a number such that the compound is charge balanced. DETAILED DESCRIPTION 0072 Various surfaces and polymeric materials may be protected from viral contamination by converting the Surfaces and polymeric materials to antiviral Surfaces and polymeric 0051 Rindependently represents H, C alkyl, or phe materials in accordance with the invention. Antiviral com nyl: pounds of the invention may be applied to various Surfaces I0052) R' represents H, C, alkyl, phenyl, - NR, and polymeric materials by methods known in the art. The PR, PR -OH, -SH, -SR, -SR, SO, antiviral compounds may, for example, be covalently bonded —OR, C(O)R, C(O)OR, or -SO, OR; to a surface, coated on the Surface, e.g. as a modified polyol. 0053 B represents an anion; or embedded in a polymeric material. Such surfaces and 0054 a represents an integer: methods for applying the antiviral compounds to the Surfaces 0055 c represents the valence of B, and is equal to 1-3: are discussed below; are described in exhibits A, B, C, and D 0056 wherein a X c represents a number such that the attached hereto; and are described in PCT/US03/10419, PCT/ compound is charge balanced; and US06/040587, provisional U.S. patent application 60/863, 0057 with the proviso that the macro surface is not 147, and provisional U.S. patent application 60/941,822. The C-cyclodextrin or B-cyclodextrin. discussions of surfaces and methods for applying the antiviral 0058. The invention also relates to a method for protecting compounds to the surfaces in PCT/US03/10419, PCT/US06/ a polymeric material from viral contamination, the method 040587, provisional U.S. patent application 60/863,147, and comprising converting the polymeric material to a solid anti provisional U.S. patent application 60/941,822 are incorpo viral composition comprising rated herein by reference. US 2008/0299070 A1 Dec. 4, 2008 0073. In one embodiment, the invention relates to novel example, any of the forms of cellulose described above may antiviral Surfaces covalently bonded to antiviral compounds be blended with otherforms of cellulose. Similarly, any of the having formula I: forms of proteinacious materials described above may be blended with other forms of proteinacious materials. More over, any of the forms of cellulose described above may be (I) blended with any of the forms of proteinacious materials described above. For example, wool and silk may be blended with cotton. Also, any of the materials and blends described above may be blended with other natural or synthetic mate rials, such as nylon and polyesters.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 8,993,581 B2 Perrine Et Al
    US00899.3581B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 8,993,581 B2 Perrine et al. (45) Date of Patent: Mar. 31, 2015 (54) METHODS FOR TREATINGVIRAL (58) Field of Classification Search DSORDERS CPC ... A61K 31/00; A61K 31/166; A61K 31/185: A61K 31/233; A61K 31/522: A61K 38/12: (71) Applicant: Trustees of Boston University, Boston, A61K 38/15: A61K 45/06 MA (US) USPC ........... 514/263.38, 21.1, 557, 565, 575, 617; 424/2011 (72) Inventors: Susan Perrine, Weston, MA (US); Douglas Faller, Weston, MA (US) See application file for complete search history. (73) Assignee: Trustees of Boston University, Boston, (56) References Cited MA (US) U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this 3,471,513 A 10, 1969 Chinn et al. patent is extended or adjusted under 35 3,904,612 A 9/1975 Nagasawa et al. U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days. (Continued) (21) Appl. No.: 13/915,092 FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS (22) Filed: Jun. 11, 2013 CA 1209037 A 8, 1986 CA 2303268 A1 4f1995 (65) Prior Publication Data (Continued) US 2014/OO45774 A1 Feb. 13, 2014 OTHER PUBLICATIONS Related U.S. Application Data (63) Continuation of application No. 12/890,042, filed on PCT/US 10/59584 Search Report and Written Opinion mailed Feb. Sep. 24, 2010, now abandoned. 11, 2011. (Continued) (60) Provisional application No. 61/245,529, filed on Sep. 24, 2009, provisional application No. 61/295,663, filed on Jan. 15, 2010. Primary Examiner — Savitha Rao (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm — Nixon Peabody LLP (51) Int.
    [Show full text]
  • JOURNAL of VIROLOGY Volume 18 Contents for May Number 2
    JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY Volume 18 Contents for May Number 2 Animal Viruses Isolation and Properties of the Replicase of Encephalomyocarditis Virus. A. TRAUB,* B. DISKIN, H. ROSENBERG, AND E. KALMAR ...... ............... 375 Synthesis and Integration of Viral DNA in Chicken Cells at Different Times After Infection with Various Multiplicities of Avian Oncornavirus. ALLAN T. KHOURY* AND HIDESABURO HANAFUSA ........ .......................... 383 RNA Metabolism of Murine Leukemia Virus. III. Identification and Quantitation of Endogenous Virus-Specific mRNA in the Uninfected BALB/c Cell Line JLS-V9. HUNG FAN AND NIKOLAUS MUELLER-LANTZSCH* ..... ............ 401 Endogenous Ecotropic Mouse Type C Viruses Deficient in Replication and Produc- tion of XC Plaques. ULF W RAPP AND ROBERT C. NoWINSKI* ..... ....... 411 Further Characterization of the Friend Murine Leukemia Virus Reverse Tran- scriptase-RNase H Complex. KARIN MOELLING ...... ................... 418 State of the Viral DNA in Rat Cells Transformed by Polyoma Virus. I. Virus Res- cue and the Presence of Nonintegrated Viral DNA Molecules. ISHWARI PRASAD, DIMITRIS ZOUZIAS, AND CLAUDIO BASIUCO* ...... ................ 436 Inhibition of Infectious Rous Sarcoma Virus Production by a Rifamycin Deriva- tive. CHARLES SZABO,* MINA J. BISSELL, AND MELVIN CALVIN ..... ...... 445 Synthesis ofthe Adenovirus-Coded DNA Binding Protein in Infected Cells. ZVEE GILEAD,* KINJI SUGUWARA, G. SHANMUGAM, AND MAURICE GREEN ....... 454 Intracellular Distribution and Sedimentation Properties of Virus-Specific RNA in Two Clones of BHK Cells Transformed by Polyoma Virus. IAN H. MAX- WELL .............................................................. 461 Inherited Resistance to N- and B-Tropic Murine Leukemia Viruses In Vitro: Titration Patterns in Strains SIM and SIM.R Congenic at the Fv-1 Locus. VERA SCHUH, MARTIN E. BLACKSTEIN, AND ARTHUR A.
    [Show full text]
  • (Epstein- Barr Virus) No Líquido Cefalorraquidiano De Crianças Com Suspeita De Meningoencefalite No Estado De Minas
    1 Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia Detecção de human gammaherpesvirus 4 (Epstein- Barr virus) no líquido cefalorraquidiano de crianças com suspeita de meningoencefalite no estado de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte 2020 2 NATHALIA MARTINS QUINTÃO Detecção de human gammaherpesvirus 4 (Epstein- Barr virus - EBV) no líquido cefalorraquidiano de crianças com suspeita de meningoencefalite no estado de Minas Gerais Dissertação de mestrado apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia do Instituto de Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, como requisito à obtenção do título de Mestre em Microbiologia. Orientadora: Prof.ª. Dr.ª Erna Gessien Kroon Belo Horizonte 2020 3 4 5 RESUMO Epstein-Barr virus pertence à subfamília Gammaherpesvirinae da família Herpesviridae e é o agente etiológico da mononucleose infecciosa. A transmissão de EBV geralmente é pela saliva, sendo o quadro clássico de infecção primária a mononucleose apenas 5% dos casos evoluem para quadros de meningoencefalites. Os grupos de risco são principalmente crianças na primeira infância e pacientes imunocomprometidos. No Brasil, nos últimos 10 anos foram registrados aproximadamente 22 mil casos de meningites e encefalites virais, sendo 52% dos casos em crianças com até 14 anos de idade. O ensaio de PCR em tempo real (qPCR) revoluciona o diagnóstico de neuroinfecções virais. O objetivo deste trabalho foi detectar a presença de DNA genômico e de mRNA de EBV por qPCR para casos de meningoencefalites em pacientes de Minas Gerais e construir, com base na análise de prontuário dos pacientes e dados disponíveis no DATASUS, um breve panorama dos casos de meningoencefalites por EBV.
    [Show full text]
  • TNF Decoy Receptors Encoded by Poxviruses
    pathogens Review TNF Decoy Receptors Encoded by Poxviruses Francisco Javier Alvarez-de Miranda † , Isabel Alonso-Sánchez † , Antonio Alcamí and Bruno Hernaez * Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Campus de Cantoblanco, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Nicolás Cabrera 1, 28049 Madrid, Spain; [email protected] (F.J.A.-d.M.); [email protected] (I.A.-S.); [email protected] (A.A.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +34-911-196-4590 † These authors contributed equally. Abstract: Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) is an inflammatory cytokine produced in response to viral infections that promotes the recruitment and activation of leukocytes to sites of infection. This TNF- based host response is essential to limit virus spreading, thus poxviruses have evolutionarily adopted diverse molecular mechanisms to counteract TNF antiviral action. These include the expression of poxvirus-encoded soluble receptors or proteins able to bind and neutralize TNF and other members of the TNF ligand superfamily, acting as decoy receptors. This article reviews in detail the various TNF decoy receptors identified to date in the genomes from different poxvirus species, with a special focus on their impact on poxvirus pathogenesis and their potential use as therapeutic molecules. Keywords: poxvirus; immune evasion; tumour necrosis factor; tumour necrosis factor receptors; lymphotoxin; inflammation; cytokines; secreted decoy receptors; vaccinia virus; ectromelia virus; cowpox virus Citation: Alvarez-de Miranda, F.J.; Alonso-Sánchez, I.; Alcamí, A.; 1. TNF Biology Hernaez, B. TNF Decoy Receptors TNF is a potent pro-inflammatory cytokine with a broad range of biological effects, Encoded by Poxviruses. Pathogens ranging from the activation of inflammatory gene programs to cell differentiation or 2021, 10, 1065.
    [Show full text]
  • Escherichia Coli Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Bacillus Subtilis はB
    研究開発等に係る遺伝子組換え生物等の第二種使用等に当たって執るべき拡散防止措 置等を定める省令の規定に基づき認定宿主ベクター系等を定める件 （平成十六年一月二十九日文部科学省告示第七号） 最終改正：令和三年二月十五日文部科学省告示第十三号 （認定宿主ベクター系） 第一条 研究開発等に係る遺伝子組換え生物等の第二種使用等に当たって執るべき拡散防止 措置等を定める省令（以下「省令」という。）第二条第十三号の文部科学大臣が定める認 定宿主ベクター系は、別表第一に掲げるとおりとする。 （実験分類の区分ごとの微生物等） 第二条 省令第三条の表第一号から第四号までの文部科学大臣が定める微生物等は、別表第 二の上欄に掲げる区分について、それぞれ同表の下欄に掲げるとおりとする。 （特定認定宿主ベクター系） 第三条 省令第五条第一号ロの文部科学大臣が定める特定認定宿主ベクター系は、別表第一 の２の項に掲げる認定宿主ベクター系とする。 （自立的な増殖力及び感染力を保持したウイルス及びウイロイド） 第四条 省令別表第一第一号ヘの文部科学大臣が定めるウイルス及びウイロイドは、別表第 三に掲げるとおりとする。 別表第１（第１条関係） 区 分 名 称 宿主及びベクターの組合せ １ Ｂ１ (１) ＥＫ１ Escherichia coli K12株、B株、C株及びW株又は これら各株の誘導体を宿主とし、プラスミド又は バクテリオファージの核酸であって、接合等によ り宿主以外の細菌に伝達されないものをベクター とするもの（次項(１)のＥＫ２に該当するものを除 く。） (２) ＳＣ１ Saccharomyces cerevisiae又はこれと交雑可能な 分類学上の種に属する酵母を宿主とし、これらの 宿主のプラスミド、ミニクロモソーム又はこれら の誘導体をベクターとするもの（次項(２)のＳＣ２ に該当するものを除く。） (３) ＢＳ１ Bacillus subtilis Marburg168株、この誘導体又 はB. licheniformis全株のうち、アミノ酸若しく は核酸塩基に対する複数の栄養要求性突然変異を 有する株又は胞子を形成しない株を宿主とし、こ れらの宿主のプラスミド（接合による伝達性のな いものに限る。）又はバクテリオファージの核酸 をベクターとするもの（次項(３)のＢＳ２に該当す るものを除く。） (４) Thermus属細菌 Thermus属細菌（T. thermophilus、T. aquaticus、 T. flavus、T. caldophilus及びT. ruberに限る。） を宿主とし、これらの宿主のプラスミド又はこの 誘導体をベクターとするもの (５) Rhizobium属細菌 Rhizobium属細菌（R. radiobacter（別名Agroba- cterium tumefaciens）及びR. rhizogenes（別名 Agrobacterium rhizogenes）に限る。）を宿主と し、これらの宿主のプラスミド又はRK2系のプラ スミドをベクターとするもの (６) Pseudomonas putida Pseudomonas putida KT2440株又はこの誘導体を 宿主とし、これら宿主への依存性が高く、宿主以 外の細胞に伝達されないものをベクターとするも の (７) Streptomyces属細菌 Streptomyces属細菌（S. avermitilis、S. coel- icolor [S. violaceoruberとして分類されるS. coelicolor A3(２)株を含む]、S. lividans、S. p- arvulus、S. griseus及びS.
    [Show full text]
  • ICTV Code Assigned: 2011.001Ag Officers)
    This form should be used for all taxonomic proposals. Please complete all those modules that are applicable (and then delete the unwanted sections). For guidance, see the notes written in blue and the separate document “Help with completing a taxonomic proposal” Please try to keep related proposals within a single document; you can copy the modules to create more than one genus within a new family, for example. MODULE 1: TITLE, AUTHORS, etc (to be completed by ICTV Code assigned: 2011.001aG officers) Short title: Change existing virus species names to non-Latinized binomials (e.g. 6 new species in the genus Zetavirus) Modules attached 1 2 3 4 5 (modules 1 and 9 are required) 6 7 8 9 Author(s) with e-mail address(es) of the proposer: Van Regenmortel Marc, [email protected] Burke Donald, [email protected] Calisher Charles, [email protected] Dietzgen Ralf, [email protected] Fauquet Claude, [email protected] Ghabrial Said, [email protected] Jahrling Peter, [email protected] Johnson Karl, [email protected] Holbrook Michael, [email protected] Horzinek Marian, [email protected] Keil Guenther, [email protected] Kuhn Jens, [email protected] Mahy Brian, [email protected] Martelli Giovanni, [email protected] Pringle Craig, [email protected] Rybicki Ed, [email protected] Skern Tim, [email protected] Tesh Robert, [email protected] Wahl-Jensen Victoria, [email protected] Walker Peter, [email protected] Weaver Scott, [email protected] List the ICTV study group(s) that have seen this proposal: A list of study groups and contacts is provided at http://www.ictvonline.org/subcommittees.asp .
    [Show full text]
  • (Title of the Thesis)*
    INVESTIGATING THE ROLES OF HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS TYPE 2 PROTEINS UL21 AND US3 IN REGULATION OF THE NUCLEAR EGRESS COMPLEX by Jamil H. Muradov A thesis submitted to the Graduate Program in Microbiology and Immunology in the Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences In conformity with the requirements for the degree of Master of Sciences Queen’s University Kingston, Ontario, Canada (May, 2021) Copyright © Jamil H. Muradov, 2021 Abstract Herpes Simplex Virus 2 (HSV-2) nuclear egress is mediated by viral nuclear egress complex (NEC) proteins, pUL31 and pUL34, found at the inner nuclear membrane of infected cells (INM). Nuclear egress requires successful primary envelopment of a capsid at the INM, budding of the resulting capsid-containing vesicle into the perinuclear space (PNS), de-envelopment of the perinuclear virion at the outer nuclear membrane and release of the capsid into the cytoplasm. In this work, we demonstrate that HSV-2 pUL31 and pUL34 are phosphorylated by a viral protein kinase, called pUs3, which serves to prevent excessive INM deformation and accumulation of the primary enveloped virions (PEVs) in PNS after successful primary envelopment of capsids. It was found that a tegument protein, pUL21, modulates pUs3 dependent pUL31 and pUL34 phosphorylation. We also determined that in UL21-knockout infected cells, pUs3 is differentially modified, and this modification is likely an autophosphorylation. Higher levels of pUs3 phosphorylation were shown to result in augmentation of pUs3/PKA substrate phosphorylation levels, including pUL31 and pUL34. Excessive phosphorylation of the NEC components caused their aberrant distribution at the INM, extravagation of the nuclear envelope and failure of the capsids to undergo primary envelopment at the INM.
    [Show full text]
  • Novel Poxvirus in Proliferative Lesions of Wild Rodents in East Central Texas, USA
    DISPATCHES Novel Poxvirus in Proliferative Lesions of Wild Rodents in East Central Texas, USA Carolyn L. Hodo, Matthew R. Mauldin, on the hind feet and tail (Figure 1, panel A) but otherwise Jessica E. Light, Kimberly Wilkins, appeared healthy. In April 2017, at the Biodiversity Re- Shiyuyun Tang, Yoshinori Nakazawa, search and Teaching Collections at Texas A&M University Ginny L. Emerson, Jana M. Ritter, in College Station, Texas (160 km north of the first local- Joanne L. Mansell, Sarah A. Hamer ity), we captured an additional adult male B. taylori mouse (mouse 2) with mild 1–2-mm proliferative lesions on the Northern pygmy mice from 2 localities in east central left hind foot and tail. Both animals were euthanized in ac- Texas, USA, had proliferative epidermal lesions on the tail cordance with Texas Parks and Wildlife Department scien- and feet. Electron microscopy of lesion tissue revealed pox- tific collections permit (SPR-0512-917) and Texas A&M virus. Phylogenetic analyses indicated the virus differed 35% from its closest relatives, the Chordopoxvirinae. Future University Institutional Animal Care and Use Commit- research is needed to determine whether this virus could tee’s animal use protocol (2015-0088). These 2 B. taylori affect human health. specimens are housed at Biodiversity Research and Teach- ing Collections (mammal voucher nos. TCWC 65223 and TCWC 65224; http://portal.vertnet.org/search). hordopoxvirinae is a diverse subfamily of viruses We subjected mouse 1 to a full necropsy and found Cwithin Poxviridae. These geographically widespread the mouse to be in good body condition. Extending from viruses infect birds, reptiles, and mammals, and many are the skin of the dorsal aspect of the left hind foot, plantar zoonotic (1).
    [Show full text]
  • Repurposing the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (Hiv) Integrase
    REPURPOSING THE HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (HIV) INTEGRASE INHIBITOR RALTEGRAVIR FOR THE TREATMENT OF FELID ALPHAHERPESVIRUS 1 (FHV-1) OCULAR INFECTION A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Cornell University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Matthew Robert Pennington August 2018 © 2018 Matthew Robert Pennington REPURPOSING THE HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (HIV) INTEGRASE INHIBITOR RALTEGRAVIR FOR THE TREATMENT OF FELID ALPHAHERPESVIRUS 1 (FHV-1) OCULAR INFECTION Matthew Robert Pennington, Ph.D. Cornell University 2018 Herpesviruses infect many species, inducing a wide range of diseases. Herpesvirus- induced ocular disease, which may lead to blindness, commonly occurs in humans, dogs, and cats, and is caused by human alphaherpesvirus 1 (HHV-1), canid alphaherpesvirus (CHV-1), and felid alphaherpesvirus 1 (FHV-1), respectively. Rapid and effective antiviral therapy is of the utmost importance to control infection in order to preserve the vision of infected people or animals. However, current treatment options are suboptimal, in large part due to the difficulty and cost of de novo drug development and the lack of effective models to bridge work in in vitro cell cultures and in vivo. Repurposing currently approved drugs for viral infections is one strategy to more rapidly identify new therapeutics. Furthermore, studying ocular herpesviruses in cats is of particular importance, as this condition is a frequent disease manifestation in these animals and FHV-1 infection of the cat is increasingly being recognized as a valuable natural- host model of herpesvirus-induced ocular infection First, the current models to study ocular herpesvirus infections were reviewed.
    [Show full text]
  • Zoonotic Potential of International Trade in CITES-Listed Species Annexes B, C and D JNCC Report No
    Zoonotic potential of international trade in CITES-listed species Annexes B, C and D JNCC Report No. 678 Zoonotic potential of international trade in CITES-listed species Annex B: Taxonomic orders and associated zoonotic diseases Annex C: CITES-listed species and directly associated zoonotic diseases Annex D: Full trade summaries by taxonomic family UNEP-WCMC & JNCC May 2021 © JNCC, Peterborough 2021 Zoonotic potential of international trade in CITES-listed species Prepared for JNCC Published May 2021 Copyright JNCC, Peterborough 2021 Citation UNEP-WCMC and JNCC, 2021. Zoonotic potential of international trade in CITES- listed species. JNCC Report No. 678, JNCC, Peterborough, ISSN 0963-8091. Contributing authors Stafford, C., Pavitt, A., Vitale, J., Blömer, N., McLardy, C., Phillips, K., Scholz, L., Littlewood, A.H.L, Fleming, L.V. & Malsch, K. Acknowledgements We are grateful for the constructive comments and input from Jules McAlpine (JNCC), Becky Austin (JNCC), Neville Ash (UNEP-WCMC) and Doreen Robinson (UNEP). We also thank colleagues from OIE for their expert input and review in relation to the zoonotic disease dataset. Cover Photographs Adobe Stock images ISSN 0963-8091 JNCC Report No. 678: Zoonotic potential of international trade in CITES-listed species Annex B: Taxonomic orders and associated zoonotic diseases Annex B: Taxonomic orders and associated zoonotic diseases Table B1: Taxonomic orders1 associated with at least one zoonotic disease according to the source papers, ranked by number of associated zoonotic diseases identified.
    [Show full text]
  • Hampering Herpesviruses HHV-1 and HHV-2 Infection by Extract of Ginkgo Biloba (Egb) and Its Phytochemical Constituents
    fmicb-10-02367 October 12, 2019 Time: 11:50 # 1 ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 15 October 2019 doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02367 Hampering Herpesviruses HHV-1 and HHV-2 Infection by Extract of Ginkgo biloba (EGb) and Its Phytochemical Constituents Marta Sochocka1*, Maciej Sobczynski´ 2, Michał Ochnik1, Katarzyna Zwolinska´ 1 and Jerzy Leszek3 1 Laboratory of Virology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland, 2 Department of Genomics, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland, 3 Department of Psychiatry, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland Despite the availability of several anti-herpesviral agents, it should be emphasized that the need for new inhibitors is highly encouraged due to the increasing resistant viral strains as well as complications linked with periods of recurring viral replication and reactivation of latent herpes infection. Extract of Ginkgo biloba (EGb) is a common phytotherapeutics around the world with health benefits. Limited studies, however, have addressed the potential antiviral activities of EGb, including herpesviruses such as Human alphaherpesvirus 1 (HHV-1) and Human alphaherpesvirus 2 (HHV-2). We Edited by: Anthony Nicola, evaluated the antiviral activity of EGb and its phytochemical constituents: flavonoids Washington State University, and terpenes against HHV-1 and HHV-2. Pretreatment of the herpesviruses with EGb United States prior to infection of cells produced a remarkable anti-HHV-1 and anti-HHV-2 activity. Reviewed by: The extract affected the viruses before adsorption to cell surface at non-cytotoxic Konstantin Kousoulas, Louisiana State University, concentrations. In this work, through a comprehensive anti-HHV-1 and anti-HHV-2 United States activity study, it was revealed that flavonoids, especially isorhamnetin, are responsible Oren Kobiler, Tel Aviv University, Israel for the antiviral activity of EGb.
    [Show full text]
  • Commission Directive (Eu)
    L 279/54 EN Offi cial Jour nal of the European Union 31.10.2019 COMMISSION DIRECTIVE (EU) 2019/1833 of 24 October 2019 amending Annexes I, III, V and VI to Directive 2000/54/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards purely technical adjustments THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION, Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, Having regard to Directive 2000/54/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 September 2000 on the protection of workers from risks related to exposure to biological agents at work (1), and in particular Article 19 thereof, Whereas: (1) Principle 10 of the European Pillar of Social Rights (2), proclaimed at Gothenburg on 17 November 2017, provides that every worker has the right to a healthy, safe and well-adapted working environment. The workers’ right to a high level of protection of their health and safety at work and to a working environment that is adapted to their professional needs and that enables them to prolong their participation in the labour market includes protection from exposure to biological agents at work. (2) The implementation of the directives related to the health and safety of workers at work, including Directive 2000/54/EC, was the subject of an ex-post evaluation, referred to as a REFIT evaluation. The evaluation looked at the directives’ relevance, at research and at new scientific knowledge in the various fields concerned. The REFIT evaluation, referred to in the Commission Staff Working Document (3), concludes, among other things, that the classified list of biological agents in Annex III to Directive 2000/54/EC needs to be amended in light of scientific and technical progress and that consistency with other relevant directives should be enhanced.
    [Show full text]