Army G uide monthly

# 9 (36) September 2007

Leader of the Ukrainian armoured construction – SOE KMDB – is 80 years old MoD Signs GBP30 M Contract With DML Bazooka New technology significantly improves the precision and range of artillery rockets Unique Solid Terrain Modeling technology adds a new dimension to strategic, tactical and operational planning RUSSIAN TECHNOLOGIES AT DSEi'2007 Greek fire High Mobility Artillery Rocket Systems for Singapore Flower Wars PLASAN SASA Introduces Its Latest Ballistic Armour Solutions At DSEI 2007 Phalanx Lightweight Chemical Agent Detector To Protect German Armed Forces Patria and IBD reveal a survivability concept at DSEi Harris Corporation Introduces RF-7800M Multiband Manpack Tactical Radio for International Markets Hoplite Acro Announces Technology Agreement with LSRI

www.army-guide.com Army Guide Monthly • #9 (36) • September 2007

Defence Industry The Ministry of Defence today signed a GBP30 million contract with Plymouth-based DML for 130 Leader of the Ukrainian armoured weapon mounted patrol vehicles which will be used construction – SOE KMDB – is 80 years by troops in Iraq and Afghanistan. old The MWMIK vehicles (Mobility Weapon Mounted Installation Kit) will be built at the Devonport site and will be a considerable asset to troops on operations. With a top speed of 80 mph, they will offer increased mobility and protection. The vehicle can be fitted with a range of firepower, including a .50 calibre machine gun or an automatic grenade launcher and a general purpose machine gun. The MWMIK can carry up to four soldiers with their individual weapons, and can operate on a variety of On 6 September 2007, SOE Kharkov Morozov terrains, including off road. Machine Building Design Bureau (SOE KMDB) celebrated its 80th jubilee. Lord Drayson, Minister of State for Defence Equipment and Support, said: Created on the basis of Kharkov steam-engine plant in "These vehicles are well armed, swift, and agile. They 1927, the design group on tank development was will boost our capability with some serious firepower. gradually transformed into a separate high-capacity MoD and the Treasury have worked hard to get these design-manufacturing enterprise creating armoured powerful vehicles to our troops in quick time, and they equipment. It has taken a key place in its field in the will start going out to theatre early next year." former USSR, and now in Ukraine. Among the developments of SOE KMDB a special place is occupied by such vehicles as the best tank of the Second World Term of the day war – T-34, and a forefather of all the post Soviet main Bazooka battle tanks – T-64. At present the SOE KMDB is actively extending the range of its products, among which is heavy armoured equipment (tanks Oplot, Yatagan, BREM), light armoured equipment (armoured personnel carrier 4x4 – Dozor-B, armoured personnel carriers 8x8 – BTR-3, BTR-4), modernisation packages of tanks and armoured personnel carriers of the former USSR (T-55, T-62, T-64, T-72, BTR-50/60/70/80 and others), weapon systems, training facilities (dynamic simulators, training programs, stands, etc.) as well as a number of products of civil purpose. The detailed history and products of SOE KMDB can be found at The bazooka is a man-portable anti-tank rocket www.morozov.com.ua.Morozov,Dozor-B,Oplot launcher, made famous during World War II where it was one of the primary infantry anti-tank weapons used by the United States Armed Forces.

Contracts It was one of the first weapons based on the High explosive anti-tank (HEAT) shell to enter service. It was MoD Signs GBP30 M Contract With DML nicknamed "bazooka" from a vague resemblance to the musical instrument of the same name invented and used by Bob Burns. It saw widespread use throughout WWII. The German armed forces copied the design increasing the caliber to 88 mm, as well as other changes, and issued it as the Raketenpanzerbüchse "Panzerschreck". In addition to the actual weapon, the word "bazooka" is often incorrectly used to refer to any shoulder-launched missile weapon. The original 60mm bazooka (2.36-inch) in its various models served in all theatres of the Second World War and later in the Korean War. After it proved inadequate against the Soviet T-34 tank during the latter war (as it had against German Tigers and Panthers in the former), it was replaced with the M20 Super Bazooka of 89 mm www.army-guide.com 1 Army Guide Monthly • #9 (36) • September 2007 (3.5-inch ) model. The M20 was in turn supplanted by calculates the way the rocket is banking. Based on this the LAW (Light anti-tank weapon) in the opening stages data, the onboard processor calculates the rocket's of the Vietnam War. Bazookas were replaced in some deviation from its intended flight path. It then initiates roles by 57 mm M18 and 75 mm M20 recoilless rifles in precisely timed impulses for correcting the rocket's the last battles of WWII (1945). lateral and elevation direction by activating the rocket's radially operating micro jets. During the live fire trial, every component of the Defence Industry Corect guidance module functioned perfectly. The GPS New technology significantly improves kept accurate track of the rocket's position, while the the precision and range of artillery onboard processor calculated all deviation from the rockets intended trajectory; the correction impulses proved highly effective, resulting in complete mission success. All data collected on board the rocket and transmitted back by telemetry, as well as flight data externally gathered by radar, are now available for precise evaluation. "Corect is a pioneering system for satellite-supported trajectory correction that's unequalled worldwide", declares Dr.-Ing. Wolfgang Kreuzer, head of development in Stockach and project manager for the Live fire test of Rheinmetall Defence's Corect demonstrator programme. "It boosts the precision and guidance module has confirmed its effectiveness in impressive fashion. range of rocket artillery, and saves costs by reducing the amount of ammunition needed to accomplish the The new satellite-supported flight path guidance mission. And now we've proved that it can be used for modules successfully guided two Corect-MLRS test modernizing legacy rocket systems, too, large numbers rockets to a target 20 km away with compelling of which were stockpiled years ago", adds Dr. Kreuzer, precision, compensating for a lateral error of noting that Corect can also be integrated into new approximately 300 m. This proves the technical and weapon systems. operational effectiveness of the Corect guidance module in conjunction with the Multiple Launch Rocket System, or MLRS. The live fire test successfully concludes the second stage of the demonstrator programme, carried out by Rheinmetall Defence on behalf of Germany's Federal Office for Defence Technology and Procurement Very large numbers of MLRS rockets are still to be (BWB). The company will now submit a budget proposal found in the inventories of some European NATO for final development, pre-production preparations and armies, including the Bundeswehr. They are in good serial manufacture. condition, and many of them could be upgraded to With Corect, Rheinmetall engineers at the company's maintain and enhance their combat effectiveness. Stockach and Unterluess plants have developed an Rheinmetall's Corect guidance module thus constitutes a advanced satellite-supported guidance system that cost-efficient means of modernizing existing stocks of significantly enhances the accuracy of ballistic artillery ammunition to meet the latest requirements of the systems. The new system reduces deviation from the military. intended target to less than 50 m, a clear improvement over currently fielded artillery systems, which sometimes miss their targets by several hundred metres. Future Technologies This increase in accuracy enables reduced warhead Unique Solid Terrain Modeling weight without sacrificing effectiveness. Compared to the original MLRS rocket, the Corect-MLRS has a technology adds a new dimension to considerably greater maximum effective range – without strategic, tactical and operational having to modify the rocket engine. planning As can be seen in this sequence of thermographs, A unique technology, which utilises digital when the sensors detect that the rocket is deviating from photographic and surveillance data to produce its planned trajectory, micro-jets are ignited to ensure highly accurate and realistic solid, three that it still hits its intended target. dimensional geographic models, is being shown at The Corect guidance module makes this possible. DSEi for the first time. Throughout the flight, an integrated GPS receiver Solid Terrain Modeling Inc., the California-based firm determines the current position of the projectile. A behind the development, is making its DSEi debut to magnetic field sensor mounted on the rocket measures launch its entry into the global defence market. the earth's magnetic field, while an onboard processor Already fully established and successful in the US,

2 www.army-guide.com Army Guide Monthly • #9 (36) • September 2007 where its products and technology are in use with study and plan for potential scenarios such as flooding defence, government, public service, educational and and fire. A number of specialist models and exhibits are geographic organisations, STM now plans to develop its in use in museums and visitor centres. operations in the UK, the EU - and other key regions and world markets. Exhibitions RUSSIAN TECHNOLOGIES AT DSEi'2007

The 5th Defense Systems & Equipment International Exhibition and Conference, DSEi'2007, will be held at the ExCeL Trade and Exhibition Center in London, Great Britain from September 11 to 14, 2007.

Organized by GB's Defense Ministry, this Europe's largest show will host more than 1,300 companies and Its technology can replicate actual landscapes, terrain organizations from 30 countries. The exhibition is and defined geographical areas to assist and support gathering momentum. It encompasses almost the entire strategic, tactical or operational planning – or enhance spectrum of armament and military equipment currently understanding in a briefing, instructional, training, in service with the land forces, air forces and navies simulation or educational environment. This subject around the world. matter can include mountain ranges, desert regions, river Russia comes back to DSEi as an exhibitor to display deltas, seascapes, urban areas – or weather patterns. the most advanced military and dual-purpose products, In addition to creating the physical model, STM can technologies and services. The Rosoboronexport State also apply a photo-quality colour finish to the surface to Corporation is the organizer of Russian national create a remarkably realistic end result. Input data can be exposition. A wide range of military products intended utilised from a wide range of sources – such as satellites, for service with all the fighting arms have been selected aerial photography and surveillance information, with a view to the rearmament programs and technical imaging, or existing cartographic or contour details. standards in effect in different countries and taking into The basic raw material for an STM model is a block of account the needs and requirements of military leaders of high-density polyurethane foam. This is then cut by a arms importing countries. special computer controlled milling machine, Russia is acknowledged as one of the world's leading programmed from digital elevation data and other developers and manufacturers of military equipment for information. Once the cutting process is complete, a the land forces. At London exhibition, Rosoboronexport custom built printing machine ‘flies’ special inkjet print displays various types and models of infantry combat heads across the surface to deposit a full, vibrant colour vehicles, armored personnel carriers, airborne assault image. The result is a model that allows a far better vehicles, armored recovery vehicles, multiple launch understanding and visual appreciation of the terrain than rocket systems, self-propelled artillery guns and any other mapping technology. howitzers, anti-tank guided weapons, air defense STM President, Lawrence Faulkner says, “Solid missile/gun complexes, small arms and close-quarter terrain models are not a replacement from other – and fighting weapons. Among the most competitive Russian necessary stages in the geo-physical study or planning weapons are the T-90S tank, BMP-3M infantry combat process. Conventional maps, computer simulation vehicle, BMD-2 and BMD-3 airborne assault vehicles, including ‘fly-through’, thermal data, etcetera, remain in BTR-90 armored personnel carrier and the place. But what we can do is bring the overall picture to Khrizantema-S self-propelled anti-tank complex. life - in a way which no other close detailed, interactive Experts of the Rosoboronexport State Corporation will or flat image can achieve”. acquaint the guests with the Iskander-E missile complex The company has generated some impressive that proves equal to the challenges of present-day armed renderings, which serve to demonstrate the versatility of struggle. its technology. One such example is a living map of Specialists will receive exhaustive information about a British Columbia – which is 74ft. long and 40ft. wide. It gamut of Russian infantry combat vehicles, including the is made up of 100 uniquely shaped panels and illustrates BMP-3, which is noted for a high operational over 1 million square miles of terrain from Oregon to the effectiveness and reliability, simple design and ease of Yukon Territory. Remarkably, the accuracy of the data maintenance and operation. has allowed STM to incorporate the curvature of the Russia has always been one of a few world nations earth into the model. capable of developing, manufacturing and exporting the Other examples include locality maps used by land entire spectrum of air defense equipment. At buyer's developers, engineers and architects to explain planning, option, air defense equipment developers and development and regeneration programmes to public manufacturers can develop and deliver various authorities and politicians. Models are also used by some functionally complete elements and even whole public service and emergency response organisations to subsystems making part of an integrated automated air www.army-guide.com 3 Army Guide Monthly • #9 (36) • September 2007 defense system of the required level of operational maintain Russia's position as the world's leading exporter effectiveness. The separate elements of various of naval armament and equipment. At DSEi'2007, subsystems, the firing weapons, radars and battle Rosoboronexport demonstrates a comprehensive range of management automation assets produced in Russia can naval products to foreign partners. be integrated into the customer's national air defense The Project 636 and the Amur-1650 submarines system. equipped with an integrated missile system, dubbed A distinguishing feature of Russian air defense Club-S, have a high export potential. These systems is that they incorporate the unique design and fourth-generation diesel boats are noted for superb technological solutions. The Rosoboronexport State striking power, high speed and long cruising range. Corporation offers potential clients the advanced air As there is a marked trend in many world nations defense missile systems and complexes some of which towards increasing the capabilities of their Navies for have no peers in the world for technology and operations in littoral areas, the export potential of operational effectiveness. Among them are such systems Russian guided-missile, assault and patrol boats as the Buk-M1-2, Buk-M2E, S-300PMU2 (Favorit), increases dramatically. The Murena-E and Zubr S-300VM (Antey-2500), Tor-M1, Tor-M2E, Pantsir-C1, air-cushion assault boats, the Project 12418 Tunguska-M1, Igla-S and others. guided-missile boat, the Mangust, Mirazh and Sobol A wide range of state-of-the-art radars embodying the patrol boats displacing from 10 to 550 tons can attain a unique technological solutions and designed to furnish speed of up to 50 knots. Rightly, they are considered operational information to air defense weapons are among the world's best boats. exhibited too. They include the Nebo-SVU VHF radar, Apart from these boats, some large surface combatants the Protivnik-GE, Gamma-S1, Gamma-DE and are offered for export, including frigates, which are in Kasta-2E2 UHF radars, the 1L117M SHF radar, and the demand in the naval equipment importing countries. radars of air defense systems and complexes. Russia offers surface combatants of Projects 11356, The high-tech automated battle management 11541 and 11661 Gepard 3.9. All of them have been complexes, such as the Bastion-3E, Universal-1E, developed using the advanced technology proven by Polyana-D4M1, Ranzhir-M (MK), PU-12M7, naval ships in service. These combatants are capable of PPRU-M1-2, Fundament-2E, etc., are designed for carrying various onboard weapon systems. operational control of theater- and tactical-level air The ability of our defense industry complex to form defense assets and for operational information gathering international corporations involved in developing and processing. advanced armament and military equipment opens up The air defense systems of previous generations are broad horizons for Russia in the military-technical not set aside. Russia offers the upgraded versions of the sphere. To this end, the Rosoboronexport State Kvadrat, Osa-AKM and Strela-10 air defense missile Corporation is maintaining fruitful cooperation with such systems, the ZSU-23-4 Shilka and ZU-23-2 air defense foreign companies as BAE Systems, MBDA, Snecma, artillery systems, as well as the P-18, P-19 and P-37 Thales, Sagem DS, EADS, Rolls Royce and radars. Finmeccanica. An annual contribution made by leading In partnership with Russian helicopter industry European companies to the development of Russian manufacturers, Rosoboronexport will demonstrate a wide weapon systems is about USD100 million. range of helicopters at DSEi'2007 and will submit Vladimir Pakhomov, head of Rosoboronexport information of interest to specialists regarding helicopter delegation states that "Cooperation with foreign partners airborne and ground-based equipment, helicopter in the field of advanced technologies is a far-ranging maintenance equipment and crew training facilities. aspect of Rosoboronexport activities". The Mi-family helicopters on display will include the Rosoboronexport officials state with certainty that the Mi-28NE "Night hunter", Mi-35P and Mi-35M Russian delegation to DSEi'2007 will help promote transport/combat helicopters, Mi-171Sh and Mi-17V-5 further development of mutually beneficial relations of transport helicopters and the Mi-26 heavy transport the Russian Federation with foreign countries in the field rotorcraft featuring the highest weight-lifting ability in of military and non-military technologies and will allow the class in the world. Russian manufacturers to build new plans for The Ka-family helicopters will include the Ka-50 cooperation with partners in scientific, technological and combat helicopter and its modifications, the Ka-31 radar production spheres. picket rotorcraft, Ka-28 ship-based antisubmarine warfare helicopter and the Ka-27PS ship-based search and rescue helicopter. Term of the day Russia is a great sea power capable of building Greek fire warships and auxiliary vessels of all classes. It develops and produces all types of naval armament and Greek fire was a burning-liquid weapon used by the equipment. The advanced science combined with Byzantine Greeks, Chinese, Mongols, and Arabs. cutting-edge design and shipbuilding technologies, huge The Byzantines typically used it in naval battles to great effect as it could continue burning even on production capacities, skilled manpower and rich water. experience in foreign economic relations allow us to

4 www.army-guide.com Army Guide Monthly • #9 (36) • September 2007 The Greek fire was largely responsible for many (HIMARS) Launchers Byzantine military victories, and partly the reason for the Byzantine Empire surviving as long as it did. The formula was a secret and remains a mystery to this day. As one contemporary victim of Greek fire advised his comrades, 'Every time they hurl the fire at us, we go down on our elbows and knees, and beseech Our Lord to save us from this danger'.

32 XM31 Unitary High Explosive GMLRS Pods The ingredients, process of manufacture, and usage 30 M28A1 Multiple Launcher Rocket Systems were a very carefully guarded military secret—so (MLRS) Practice Rocket Pods secretive that it remains a source of speculation to this 35 VRC-92E Single Channel Ground and Airborne day. Speculations nclude: Radios Systems (SINCGARS) • petroleum, niter, sulfur; • naphtha, quicklime, sulfur; 45 VRC-90E SINCGARS • phosphorus and saltpeter. 35 VRC-990 Vehicular Radio Communications Sets 45 VRC-950 Vehicular Radio Communications Sets It is not clear if the operator ignited the mixture with a 9 M1084A1 Family of Medium Tactical Vehicles flame as it emerged from the syringe, or if it ignited (FMTV) 5-Ton Trucks spontaneously on contact with water or air. If the latter is 1 M1089A1 Wrecker the case, it is possible that the active ingredient was calcium phosphide, made by heating lime, bones, and Also included are support equipment, communications charcoal. On contact with water, calcium phosphide equipment, spare and repair parts, test sets, batteries, releases phosphine, which ignites spontaneously. The laptop computers, publications and technical data, reaction of quicklime with water also creates enough heat personnel training and equipment, systems integration to ignite hydrocarbons, especially if an oxidizer such as support, support services of a Quality Assurance Team saltpeter is present. However, Greek fire was also used and a Technical Assistance Fielding Team, United States on land. (U.S.) Government and contractor engineering and logistics personnel services, and other related elements of These ingredients were apparently heated in a logistics support. The estimated cost is $330 million. cauldron, and then pumped out through a siphon or large syringe (known as a siphтnariтs) mounted on the bow of This proposed sale will contribute to the foreign policy the ship. Such a ship was herself called a siphтnтphтrтs. and national security of the United States by helping to It could also be used in hand grenades, made of improve the security of a friendly country that has been, earthenware vessels. If a pyrophoric reaction was and continues to be, an important force for economic involved, perhaps these grenades contained chambers progress in Southeast Asia. for the fluids, which mixed and ignited when the vessel broke on impact with the target. The HIMARS will enhance Singapore's military capability by providing a highly effective indirect area fire artillery system that is critical to successful Defence Industry deterrence and national defense. HIMARS supplements traditional cannon artillery by delivering high volume High Mobility Artillery Rocket Systems firepower in a short time against time-sensitive targets. for Singapore At shorter ranges, HIMARS complements tube artillery with heavy barrages against assaulting forces, The Defense Security Cooperation Agency notified Congress of a possible Foreign Military Sale to counter-fire and defense suppression. Singapore will Singapore of High Mobility Artillery Rocket Systems have no difficulty absorbing and integrating this system as well as associated equipment and services. The into its armed forces. total value, if all options are exercised, could be as high as $330 million.

The Government of Singapore has requested a Term of the day possible sale of Major Defense Equipment: Flower Wars

18 M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket Systems A flower war or "Flowery war" is the name given to www.army-guide.com 5 Army Guide Monthly • #9 (36) • September 2007 the battles fought between the Aztec Triple Alliance ostentatious 1487 ceremony of dedication to the Great and some of their enemies: most notably the city-states of , Huexotzinco, Atlixco and Pyramid of . Cholula. Aztec warriors are said to have been trained to prefer capturing their enemies in battle, rather than killing. This behaviour has been cited as another reason for the defeat of their civilization by the Europeans. To the ' amazement, the Spanish and their allies actually tried to kill their enemies in battle. But this idea has largely been dismissed by Matthew Restall who In his Durán Codex, Diego Durán states makes it clear that the indigenous warriors quickly that the Flower wars were instigated by the Aztec adapted their strategies to this kind of warfare, and Cihuacoatl, , because of a great famine that provided the Spanish forces with fierce resistance. occurred during the reign of that could only be assuaged through the means of human sacrifice which resulted in a treaty being signed between Tenochtitlan Defence Industry (the Aztec capital), Texcoco, Tlaxcala and Huexotzingo PLASAN SASA Introduces Its Latest to engage in ritual battles to provide fresh victims. Ballistic Armour Solutions At DSEI 2007 However another source, noble historian Chimalpahin Quauhtlehuanitzin, mentions an earlier Flower War between Mexica and the Chalca.

The sixteenth century chronicle a History of Tlaxcala, by Tlaxcallan Diego Muñoz Camargo contains a legend of a powerful Tlaxcalteca warrior called Tlahuiçole, who was captured, but because of his fame as a warrior he was freed and then fought with the Aztecs against the Tarascans in Michoacan. He received honors, but instead of returning to Tlaxcala he chose to die in sacrifice. There were eight days of celebrations in DSEI, September 11, 2007 -- Plasan Sasa, a world leader in the design, development and manufacture his honor, and then he killed the first eight warriors. Still of combat-proven ballistic armour solutions, will insisting on being sacrificed, he fought and wounded 20 showcase its latest solutions at DSEi 2007, which more warriors before being defeated and sacrificed. will take place September 11-14, 2007, Excel London, UK. The exact nature of the Flower Wars is not well The Company showcases examples of its exceptional determined but a number of different interpretations of flexibility in vehicle design and armour solutions for a the concept exist. The widely accepted idea of the Flower wide range of today’s unique requirements. The Wars is that it was a special institutionalized kind of SandCat, an armoured DAF truck, and two 8x8 armoured warfare where two enemy states would plan battles platforms will be on display at the company’s Stand No. through mutual arrangement in order to satisfy the 2027, located in the main Hall. religious needs of both combatants for war captives to Designed to answer the complex challenges of today’s use in sacrificial rituals, but also, possibly, to train young modern battlefields, the company’s applications are fully warriors and enable social mobility which for the lower optimised for protection, weight, and cost. Plasan’s classes was primarily possible through military service. solutions - based on its technological expertise, unique This view is based on a number of quotes from early capabilities, and field experience - have been integrated chroniclers and also from the letters of Cortés. by the Israeli Defence Forces and by customers around However in recent years this interpretation has been the world, for whom the name Plasan Sasa has become doubted by scholars such as Nigel Davies and Ross synonymous with armour. Hassig, who argue that "the mutual arrangement" of the flower war institution is dubious, and suggest that An Expanding Role in the British Defence Flowery War was in fact a low-intensity, sustained conflict with the Aztec side trying to fatigue the Industry Tlaxcalteca in order to later conquer them entirely. Plasan Sasa has a successful track record in the British defence market. The company cooperates with Permali Though Hassig suggests that the interpretations about Gloucester Ltd. – a partner and authorised supplier for the Flower Wars have been exaggerated, he accepts that the Ministry of Defence on projects such as add-on captives of these wars were in fact sacrificed. Hassig’s armour systems for the SCIMITAR & SPARTAN point is that the captives of such wars were not the only Reconnaissance Vehicles, RAF (Royal Air Force) ones to be sacrificed; that such captives participated only Chinooks, and the Wheeled Tanker Program. These in some Aztec rites, and that they didn’t participate in the cooperative ventures form the foundation for the

6 www.army-guide.com Army Guide Monthly • #9 (36) • September 2007 company’s increasing contribution to this important respond to evolving requirements, supplying fully market. integrated, end-to-end solutions to meet the specific needs of every manufacturer, including kits that can be rapidly assembled and maintained in the field.

!Close Cooperation with Leading Platform Manufacturers

MRAP - Mine-Resistant Ambush Protected Project As sub-contractor for ITEC, Plasan is supplying the US Marines with battle-proven ballistic armoured protection for 1200 MRAP (Mine-Resistant Ambush Protected) vehicles, designed to safeguard military Plasan Sasa is one of the few companies approved by personnel and property from the threats of IEDs the U.S. Department of Defence to supply advanced (Improvised Explosive Devices), RPGs (Rocket add-on armour for lightweight military vehicles and Propelled Grenades) and SAFs (Small Arms Fire). trucks. The company’s solutions are used in a wide range Supporting multiple mission types, the MRAPs will be of military truck fleets, including Oshkosh Medium delivered by the end of February, 2008, in a contract Tactical Vehicle Replacement (MTVR), M915, DAF and valued at over $200m. Volvo, as well as Oshkosh vehicles for the US Navy. Advanced Armour Solutions for Today’s Complex Needs Based on today’s most advanced technologies, Plasan Term of the day develops armour solutions for a wide range of Phalanx applications and platforms - including light patrol vehicles, HMMWVs, trucks, and APCs. Modular and lightweight, these solutions enhance crew survivability, improve multi-hit performance, and enable increased mobility. Leveraging the company’s exceptional capabilities, Plasan’s global projects cover a wide spectrum of solutions of varying complexity: (1) Add-On Armour, in which kits are provided for operational vehicles that require urgent armour upgrades in the field; (2) A phalanx (plural phalanxes or phalanges) is a Chassis-Up, in which the company receives the chassis rectangular mass military formation, usually and builds the armour to complete the vehicle; (3) composed entirely of heavy infantry armed with spears, pikes, or similar weapons. The troops were Built-to-Print, in which the company receives the disciplined to hold a line which created a nearly complete platform design and builds the entire armoured impenetrable forest of points to the front. vehicle; and, (4) Complete Hull Design, in which the company receives the hull and designs and builds the The phalanx is a hallmark of ancient Greek warfare. vehicle from the hull - up. The word phalanx is derived from the Greek word In every project, Plasan’s team is involved in all stages phalangos, meaning the finger. of the customisation process, from design and The (hoplite) phalanx was a formation in which the development - through post-delivery services. The hoplites would line up in ranks, usually no less than four company takes pride in its high level of customer service, deep, in very close order. In this formation, the hoplites and the quality of its solutions, which meet the strictest would lock their shields together, and the first few ranks international standards, including those of NATO and the of soldiers would project their spears out over the first USA. rank of shields, to try to gain the upper hand in the battle Unique in the industry, the Company’s expertise early on and as a result, allowing for the first three or so covers four of today’s major ballistic technologies - ranks of spearmen to engage their spears against the Metal Composite, Composite Ceramic Armour, SMART enemy. Therefore, one might say that the phalanx was Technology Armour, and high performance Polyethylene essentially a formation in which the hoplites created a Armour. The sophisticated utilisation of these mass spear and shield wall. The effectiveness of the cutting-edge technologies - combined with exceptional phalanx depended upon how well the hoplites could engineering, as well as modularity and flexibility built maintain this formation while in combat, and how well into every solution - enable the company to quickly they could stand their ground, especially when engaged www.army-guide.com 7 Army Guide Monthly • #9 (36) • September 2007 against another phalanx. It could be said that the main The addition of the liquid crystal display screen and enemy of a phalanx was not the opposition forces (the programming buttons also gives troops a new level of majority of the soldiers would remain unengaged in a equipment control, enabling the unit to be configured to phalanx versus phalanx pushing match, because they meet individual requirements. Improved links have also were positioned at the rear and were responsible for been provided for applications requiring the LCD to be keeping the front rows pressed forward) but fear. One networked within a battlefield area communications theory was that the more disciplined and courageous the system. army the more likely it was to win - often scrims Stephen Phipson, Group Managing Director of Smiths between the various city-states of Greece would be Detection said: "LCD is setting the technological resolved by one side fleeing before the engagement. The standard for current and future generation NBC products, Greek word dynamis, the "will to fight", expresses the having been selected within recent months by Germany, drive that kept hoplites in formation. three Scandinavian countries and by the U.S. DoD for its Before the advance, both sides would sing the 'paean', M4 JCAD programme. The German Ministry of Defence the battle-hymn (notably, the Spartans rejected the use of created a demanding requirement and it has been a a battle-hymn, thinking it needless bravado), then considerable achievement to meet its specifications with advance to the cadence (a marching beat) - on trumpets, the development of an established product. " pipes or drums. When nearing the enemy, the phalanx CBRN Defence Research would break into a run that was sufficient enough to The German defence contract includes options to create momentum but not too much as to lose cohesion. purchase additional quantities of the LCD to meet future Both sides would collide viciously, breaking many of the requirements of both its Army and Navy. spears of the front row. The battle would then rely on the Damian Tracey, President of Smiths Detection - valour of the men in the front line and the rear men to Military, commented: "The BWB demanded some of the maintain a push forward with their shields. most advanced technological features and it is a credit to The natural tendency during battle would be to drift the engineering skills in Smiths Detection that this towards the right side, or even for both lines to "wheel" version of LCD achieved its goals. The product was as one side gave ground and the other advanced. This is thoroughly tested by the specialist German CBRN because the individual hoplites carried their shields on Defence Research Establishment, WIS, in Munster and is their left arm, protecting not themselves but the soldier to now ready to enter service." the left (thus giving an incentive to stand very close together). Battles were won when the exposed right side (carrying spears) could overpower the opposing army's Exhibitions left side (carrying shields). Patria and IBD reveal a survivability When in combat, the whole formation would concept at DSEi consistently press forward trying to break the enemy formation; thus when two phalanx formations engaged, the struggle essentially became a pushing match, in which, as a rule, the deeper phalanx would almost always win, with very few recorded exceptions.

Defence Industry Lightweight Chemical Agent Detector To Patria Vehicles Oy and IBD Deisenroth Engineering, Protect German Armed Forces Germany, announced today a co-operation partnership programme within increased German Ministry of Defence selects Smiths survivability and protection concepts for the Patria Detection lightweight chemical agent detector to AMV platform. protect Armed Forces. The parties have joined forces to further improve the SMITHS Detection, part of the global technology market leading platform of AMV with increased business Smiths Group, has been awarded a contract to protection and balanced surviv-ability for near term and supply up to 50 Lightweight Chemical Detectors (LCD) future scenarios. The initial part of the program focuses to the German Federal Office of Defence Technology on passive IED (Improvised Explosive Device) and Procurement, BWB, for use by the German Army. protection solutions, by AMAP™- I, and integration of Chemical Warfare Agents Detection and Identification the AMAP™- ADS (Active Defence System). The LCD, which can detect a wide range of chemical “The Patria AMV platform clearly further strengthens warfare agents and toxic industrial chemicals, has been its excellent position with the new integrated superior designed as a compact, wearable detector that provides protection. This is how we, as manufacturer, seek to personal protection for troops. Germany has become the reduce the increasing threats at operations that our first European country to specify a new variant of the customers encounter today and tomorrow”, says Heikki LCD that allows users to see an identification of the Hulkkonen, Executive Vice President, Patria’s Vehicles deadly agent displayed on a screen, when the unit alarms.

8 www.army-guide.com Army Guide Monthly • #9 (36) • September 2007 Business Unit. “We see enormous potential in working Steve Marschilok, vice president and general manager, together with one of the top platform manufacturers in International Government Systems, Harris RF the industry”, states Anders Nilsson from IBD. Communications. "The radio offers a significant leap in At the DSEi 2007 Patria and IBD will present the networking reliability, data throughput rates, and Patria AMV with an integrated solu-tion of the active miniaturization for our customers, and brings future defence system AMAP™- ADS. The prototype has capabilities to the market now. In addition, the thereby been given all around protection for KE, SC and RF-7800M-MP is designed to quickly accept new IEDs. The intent by the parties is to proceed with further waveforms and capabilities that our customers need." activities in order to be able to field the system within the The initial release of the RF-7800M-MP will include next two years. Within the co-operation programme tests the Harris Advanced Networking Wideband Waveform against passive IED protection, ad-dressing the capacity (ANW2) for mobile ad-hoc networking. The ANW2 to withstand IEDs (including blast and fragments), have networking waveform provides secure IP data to the been conducted. The passive IED protection could now tactical Internet at on-air rates up to 10 Mbps. The radio's be inserted in the platform and deployed at short notice. Software Communications Architecture (version 2.2) This is a direct response to the actual threats in theatre. enables the loading of future waveforms and ensures Both Patria Vehicles Oy and IBD address the intent to software upgradeability. With 10 times the processing proceed with the additional activities within the power of currently fielded tactical radios, the programme to further enhance the AMV’s superior RF-7800M-MP utilizes embedded 256-bit AES capabilities. encryption and provides simultaneous IP data, situational Patria is a defence and aerospace group with awareness, and CNR voice. international operations delivering its customers The RF-7800M-MP is part of a new family of competitive solutions based on own specialist know-how products in the Falcon® line of radios designed for and partnerships. Patria is owned by the State of Finland network-centric warfare, including the previously and the European Aeronautic Defence and Space announced RF-7800W Broadband Ethernet Radio and Company EADS N.V. the RF-7800S Secure Personal Radio. IBD Deisenroth Engineering is a private company based in Lohmar, Germany which is providing the complete range of Survivability technologies with the Term of the day family of AMAP™. The subsidiary ADS GmbH is Hoplite further the focal point, within the IBD-group, for all activities which concern the Active Defence System (AMAP™-ADS).

Defence Industry Harris Corporation Introduces RF-7800M Multiband Manpack Tactical Radio for International Markets

LONDON, — Harris Corporation, an international communications and information technology The hoplite was a heavy infantryman that was the company, has introduced the RF-7800M-MP, a central focus of warfare in Ancient Greece. multiband, high-capacity tactical radio that dramatically enhances the ability of military The word hoplite derives from hoplon meaning an personnel to communicate at high data rates while item of armour or equipment and consequently the entire on the move. equipment of the hoplite (but not specifically the The RF-7800M-MP is the newest addition to a family circular shield, which is sometimes incorrectly of Harris tactical radio products designed to broaden referred to as a hoplon, since it was in fact called an access to battlefield networking. aspis). The RF-7800M-MP provides secure voice and These soldiers probably first appeared in the late high-speed networked data services with up to 20 watts seventh century BC. They were a of output power over an extended frequency range of 30 citizen-militia, and so were armed as spearmen, and MHz to 2 GHz — a significant increase over competing assumed a phalanx formation, which are relatively easy products. Designed for flexibility, the single-channel to equip and maintain; they were primarily drawn from radio runs both narrowband and wideband waveforms off the middle class, who could afford the cost of the a single military battery, lightening the soldier's load on armaments. Almost all the famous men of ancient the battlefield. A vehicular amplifier adapter, the Greece, even philosophers and playwrights, fought as RF-7800M-VA, is available to boost power to 50 watts. hoplites at some point in their lives. "The RF-7800M-MP is a breakthrough radio with Since the hoplites were not a militia force and did not advanced capabilities designed to empower warfighters receive permanent wages, campaigns were short and with information where and when they need it," said mainly confined to the summer. The exception to this www.army-guide.com 9 Army Guide Monthly • #9 (36) • September 2007 was the Spartan warriors who were dedicated soldiers About LSRI - Life Science Research Israel and had their state alloted lands managed for them by Ltd. the lower class. Armies marched directly to their LSRI focuses on the commercialization of IIBR’s target. There, the defenders could hide behind citywalls, novel technologies and scientific achievements. in which case the attackers generally had to content Established in 1979, LSRI’s mandate is to promote themselves with ravaging the countryside (as siegecraft biomedical projects and market IIBR-developed products were undeveloped), or meet them on the and services. LSRI represents IIBR in the establishment field. Battles were usually set piece and intended to be of all forms of collaboration, joint ventures and decisive. These battles were short, bloody, and brutal, partnerships with private and public companies. For and thus required a high degree of discipline. more information about LSRI, visit Both forces lined up on a level field, usually in a www.iibr.gov.il/LSRI.asp rough rectangular formation around eight ranks deep About Acro, Inc. (though this varied). Other troops were less important; Acro, Inc. develops explosives detection technologies. hippeis (cavalry) generally protected the flanks, when The company has developed a unique patented present at all, and both light infantry technology for identifying peroxide-based explosives, and missile troops were negligible. The most such as TATP. Acro’s Advisory Board includes Prof. K. well-known hoplites were the Spartans, who were trained Barry Sharpless, winner of the 2001 Nobel Prize for from childhood in combat and warfare to become an Chemistry, and Prof. Richard A. Lerner, President and exceptionally disciplined and superior fighting force. CEO of The Scripps Research Institute, considered one of the world’s most influential scientific institutes. For more information about Acro, visit www.acrosec.com. Future Technologies Acro Announces Technology Agreement with LSRI

Acro to provide multi-type explosive tester for commercial and military explosives, complementing its existing peroxide explosive tester.

New York, NY -– Acro, Inc., a developer of explosive detection solutions, today announced the conclusion of the negotiations of a technology agreement with LSRI – Life Science Research Israel Ltd., a subsidiary of IIBR – Israel Institute for Biological Research. Under the terms of the agreement, LSRI will license the long-proven technology of IIBR's explosives testing kit (ETK) to Acro, for incorporation into Acro's pen-like device, allowing the detection of commercial and military explosives. The agreement is subject to minimum annual revenues to be achieved by Acro and royalties to be paid to LSRI. The technical appendix of the agreement will be signed in the next few weeks. The new device will complement Acro's ACRO-P.E.T., the company’s peroxide explosive tester for the detection of improvised explosives. "The agreement with LSRI will allow Acro to provide unique, reliable and easy-to-use explosive testers for the entire spectrum of military, commercial and improvised explosives, using the company's patented pen-like tool," said Acro Chairman and CEO Gadi Aner. "This is an important milestone in Acro's evolution as a company offering a full array of explosive testers providing immediate detection in the field." IIBR's ETK is a portable micro-laboratory for rapid field detection of explosives. It is used by many security forces around the world. ACRO-P.E.T. is designed for rapid field detection of peroxide-based explosives, such as triacetone triperoxide (TATP). Its main advantages include high sensitivity, high selectivity, fast response, simple operation, small size and cost effectiveness.

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