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Imp Plur N. 14 •Imp plur n. 14 9-01-2009 10:08 Pagina 1 14 •Imp plur n. 14 9-01-2009 10:08 Pagina 2 Pubblicazione periodica del Centro Internazionale sul Plurilinguismo dell’Università di Udine Direzione scientifica Roberto Gusmani - Vincenzo Orioles Direttore responsabile Vincenzo Orioles Redazione Raffaella Bombi Fabiana Fusco Gian Paolo Gri Carla Marcato Direttore del Centro Internazionale sul Plurilinguismo Carla Marcato Registrazione del Tribunale di Udine n. 19/93 del 27/12/93 •Imp plur n. 14 9-01-2009 10:08 Pagina 3 UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI UDINE Centro Internazionale sul Plurilinguismo Numero monografico di 14 La legislazione nazionale sulle minoranze linguistiche IL MEDITERRANEO PLURILINGUE Atti del Convegno di Studi Genova, 13-15 maggio 2004 a cura di Vincenzo Orioles e Fiorenzo Toso 2007 •Imp plur n. 14 9-01-2009 10:08 Pagina 4 Gli articoli inviati alla redazione saranno sottoposti all’esame preliminare di almeno due referees. Il loro parere motivato verrà comunicato agli autori, che si impegnano ad apportare le correzioni eventualmente richieste. I testi non accettati per la pubblicazione non saranno restituiti. Centro Internazionale sul Plurilinguismo Università degli Studi di Udine via Mazzini, 3 33100 Udine Tel. 0039 0432 556460 - Fax 0039 0432 556469 e-mail: [email protected] internet: http://www.uniud.it/cip/ Plurilinguismo è un periodico annuale distribuito da Forum, Società Editrice Universitaria Udinese srl. Il prezzo dell’abbonamento per il volume 14 (2007) è di € 26,00 per i privati e di € 22,00 per i dipartimenti e le biblioteche. Le sottoscrizioni e le richieste di arretrati potranno essere inviate a Forum, via Larga 38, 33100 Udine, Italia. Tel. 0432 26001; fax 0432 296756; e-mail [email protected] Plurilinguismo is published once a year by Forum Società Editrice Universitaria Udinese srl. The subscription rate for this issue (14, 2007) is € 26,00; for departments and libraries € 22,00. Orders for current subscriptions and back issues should be sent to Forum, via Larga 38, 33100 Udine, Italy. Tel. 0039 0432 26001; fax 0039 0432 296756; e-mail [email protected] •Imp plur n. 14 9-01-2009 10:08 Pagina 5 INDICE Vincenzo Orioles, Fiorenzo Toso, Premessa . pag. 7 Claudio G. Antoni Qualche osservazione linguistico-culturale sull’impianto narrativo di Aziyadé di Pierre Loti . »11 Daniele Baglioni Prospettiva extraromanza e interferenza nell’italiano di ciprioti nel Quattrocento . »31 Emanuele Banfi Mediterraneo: rete di città, di lingue e di fenomeni linguistici, tra alto e basso Medioevo . »43 † Attilio Giuseppe Boano Il mito di Cycnus: contatti interculturali e vicende linguistiche dall’Europa del Nord alla Liguria . »65 Giuseppe Brincat I cognomi a Malta . »83 Francesco Bruni L’italiano fuori d’Italia: destini continentali e mediterranei . »93 Guido Cifoletti Lingue franche mediterranee . » 105 Werner Forner La Liguria ‘genovesizzata’: fossili della facies antica . » 113 Carla Marcato Scambi linguistici tra Nuovo Mondo e Mediterraneo in ambito alimentare . » 143 Celestina Milani Il viaggio da Darmstadt al vicino Oriente del conte Philip von Katzenellenbogen (a. 1433-1434): culture e lingue in contatto . » 151 •Imp plur n. 14 9-01-2009 10:08 Pagina 6 6 INDICE Moreno Morani Primi incontri greco-armeni . » 169 Teresa Pàroli Mediterraneo e Mare del Nord: contatti, integrazioni e divergenze fra lingue e culture nell’alto Medioevo germanico . » 183 Luigi Peirone Il plurilinguismo di Cristoforo Colombo . » 217 Giulia Petracco Sicardi Semantica ed etimologia nella toponomastica delle coste mediterranee . » 223 Roberto Pigro Italianismi nel dialetto greco di Cipro . » 229 Paolo Ramat, Andrea Sansò Per una classificazione tipologica delle lingue mediterranee . » 241 Giovanni Ruffino Itinerari lessicali mediterranei: dalla Penisola Iberica alla Sicilia, e oltre . » 255 Domenico Silvestri Il colore del mare: nomi greci (e rotte greche) nel Mediterraneo antico . » 273 Harro Stammerjohann Giudizi sul dialetto genovese . » 287 Fiorenzo Toso Obsolescenza linguistica e sopravvivenze lessicali: La Caleta a Gibilterra . » 299 John Trumper L’esperienza e la cultura del mare: sinergie e discrasie etno-linguistiche lungo le coste calabresi . » 323 Flavia Ursini Il veneto in Quarnaro . » 351 Massimo Vedovelli ‘Lingue immigrate’ del Mediterraneo e nuove modalità di rilevazione sociolinguistica . » 363 Max Pfister Conclusioni . » 385 Elenco degli autori . » 391 •Imp plur n. 14 9-01-2009 10:08 Pagina 7 PREMESSA Il Convegno internazionale di studi ‘Il Mediterraneo Plurilingue’, celebratosi a Genova dal 13 al 15 maggio 2004, era stato organizzato dal Centro Internazionale sul Plurilinguismo nell’ambito di un progetto di ricerca sostenuto da un gruppo impren- ditoriale genovese, Elsag SpA, che con tale iniziativa intendeva garantire un contri- buto originale alle manifestazioni di quell’anno per ‘Genova capitale europea della cultura’. Il progetto, articolato in una serie di iniziative, ha visto anche l’avvio di una col- lana di studi nella quale sono stati pubblicati la monografia di Giuseppe Brincat, Malta. Una storia linguistica, dedicata a una puntuale ricostruzione delle vicende della lingua maltese (2003); il primo volume del Dizionario Etimologico Storico Tabarchino di Fiorenzo Toso, raccolta lessicale dedicata alla lingua delle comunità liguri della Sardegna meridionale, frutto nel sec. XVIII del trasferimento di una colo- nia precedentemente stanziata in Tunisia (2004); la miscellanea Circolazioni lingui- stiche e culturali nello spazio mediterraneo a cura di Vincenzo Orioles e Fiorenzo Toso, con saggi di S. Aprosio, F. Aspesi, R. Bracchi, J.M. Comiti, M. Cortelazzo, P. Dardano, W. Forner, T. Hohnerlein-Buchinger, C. Marcato, L. Minervini, M. Morani, J. Nicolas, Î. Muljaãiç, G. Petracco Sicardi, M. Pfister, U. Rapallo, R. Sgarbi, H. Stammerjohann, F. Toso, F. Ursini, J. Veny, M.T. Vigolo (2008) e la raccolta di con- tributi di Fiorenzo Toso aventi per comune denominatore una Linguistica di aree laterali ed estreme. Contatto, interferenza, colonie linguistiche e ‘isole’ culturali nel Mediterraneo occidentale (2008). Nell’ambito del convegno, studiosi provenienti da quindici università italiane e sette straniere si sono confrontati sui temi del plurilinguismo e dell’interferenza lin- guistica nel bacino del Mediterraneo, in una prospettiva cronologica ampia destina- ta a coprire una estrema varietà di situazioni e di contesti: dai lavori è emerso il ruolo essenziale della dimensione linguistica nella definizione di uno spazio culturale comune che coinvolge Europa meridionale, Medio Oriente asiatico e Africa setten- trionale. L’unità e la varietà del mondo mediterraneo dall’antichità a oggi hanno trovato •Imp plur n. 14 9-01-2009 10:08 Pagina 8 8 VINCENZO ORIOLES, FIORENZO TOSO quindi nei processi di convergenza linguistica un paradigma e una metafora in quan- to espressione di una ricchezza plurale che è al tempo stesso patrimonio comune e specifico delle diverse tradizioni culturali. Il convegno, momento essenziale di rifles- sione e di approfondimento, occasione di incontro tra sensibilità e metodologie scientifiche diverse, ha fornito elementi di interpretazione indispensabili per una rilettura del passato e per un’analisi del presente in un’ottica che, a partire dal dato linguistico, offre indicazioni utili per una più generale comprensione di quelle dina- miche sociali e culturali che hanno da sempre nel Mediterraneo uno snodo geografi- co essenziale. La serie delle relazioni è stata aperta da Francesco Bruni (Venezia) che ha tratta- to la presenza linguistica e culturale italiana nel Mediterraneo, e da Carla Marcato (Udine) che ha sviluppato il tema delle interrelazioni linguistiche tra il Bacino e il Nuovo mondo in ambito alimentare. Temi di linguistica variamente connessi con l’antichità classica e mediorientale sono stati trattati da Giovanni Pettinato (Roma ‘La Sapienza’: Il termine e il concetto di traduttore in ambito semitico), Moreno Morani (Genova: Primi incontri greco-armeni), Attilio Giuseppe Boano (Verona: Il mito di Cycnus: contatti interculturali e vicende linguistiche dall’Europa del Nord alla Liguria), Paolo Poccetti (Roma ‘Tor Vergata’: La circolazione mediterranea e i suoi riflessi linguistici nella storia dell’Italia antica), Domenico Silvestri (Napoli ‘L’Orientale’) che ha esplorato rotte e nomi del Mediterraneo; all’alto medioevo è stata dedicata la relazione di Maria Teresa Pàroli (Roma ‘La Sapienza’), su Mediterraneo e Mare del Nord: contatti, integrazioni e divergenze fra lingue e cul- ture nell’alto Medioevo germanico. Sulla circolazione linguistica in età medievale, rinascimentale e moderna sono intervenuti Laura Minervini (Napoli ‘Federico II’) con un intervento sul francese nei Regni Crociati, Guido Cifoletti (Udine) sui problemi di definizione delle lingue fran- che mediterranee, Daniele Baglioni (Roma ‘La Sapienza’) sull’interferenza italiana nelle scritture cipriote quattrocentesche, ed Emanuele Banfi (Milano ‘Bicocca’), che ha offerto una vasta panoramica sul Mediterraneo rete di città, di lingue e di feno- meni linguistici tra l’alto e il basso medioevo. Aspetti interessanti della percezione della pluralità linguistica mediterranea in ambiente germanico sono stati esaminati da Celestina Milani (Milano Cattolica), che ha commentato il diario di viaggio del pellegrino tedesco Philip von Katzenellenbogen da Venezia al Vicino Oriente (sec. XV) e da Daniela Pirazzini (Bonn), che ha illustrato l’interesse storico-linguistico di un’opera come il Mithridates (1806-1817) di un pioniere degli
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