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(Case: Obesity at Buginess Ethnic) Hikmawati Mas'uda Nutrition

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(Case: Obesity at Buginess Ethnic) Hikmawati Mas'uda Nutrition THE BALANCE OF BIOCULTURE AND SOCIOCULTURE WITHIN FOOD CULTURE (Case: Obesity at Buginess Ethnic) Hikmawati Mas’uda Nutrition Department, Health Polytechnic of Ministry of Health in Makassar a Corresponding author: [email protected] ABSTRACT Many phenomena about eat culture create a gap and conflict between the culture and health perspektif in order to satisfy any need of biocultural-biosocial and socioculture. This research aim to analyse a conception about biocultural – biosocial and socioculture to eating in culturization. A qualitaitive descriptive by Grand Theory used a kind of this research. Obesity and its characteristic as subject of this study. The primary ad secondary as source of data. Any data collected by observation, interviews and documentation. A qualitative used to analyze data. The result of this research indicated that there are a gap and conflict between the culture and health perspektif in order to satisfy any need of biocultural-biosocial and socioculture particularly for the at culture. The culture viewed that obesity is a eat culture product which represented culturization and social predicate it. The health look at be unbalance food intake need a body. The gap occur caused the culture perspective oriented socioculture dimension as macro locus dan the health stressed a bioculture ones. The social culture element can be able create a routinely eating behavior or attitude many people which often contrast or different with a food intake standard. The phenomena of bioculture not one single determinant but there are other determinant influence eat culture namely socioculture and ecoculture. Their relation are reflected at knowledge system, economy, traditionally ritual, and culture process. The eat culture include bioculture, socioculture and ecoculture. For its balance require to apply any principle of health and value of culture into eat cultur so need integrated- internalized them. Keywords: bioculture, socioculture, balance, eat culture, health, culture INTRODUCTION behavior to eat, over food consumption, Today, conception about bioculture and then implicated over weight physic and socioculture are not be easy or difficult body, over food and their psychosocial to actualized by every one both individual, attitude or behavior be negative. Then, if family and community include the health bioculture need more dominant, so can be community. On the one side, bioculture cause someone get more rule burden about need is sometime more dominant but they food need which must be always ready or neglect their socioculture aspect, and other given available for his/her for while their side there are people make more priority to economy can not be always support their satisfy their socioculture need but they are need, and the condition can be too less pay attention to satisfy bioculture need implicate to create economy and both within their eat pattern and body psychology burden to them. image. Many people don’t or less still to People condition by different social understanding their bioculture need in order economy background be often cause they to regulate their eat pattern and to image neglect their bioculture need. Social their body. This is caused their knowledge economy condition as like education level, about food in balance are relatively less or knowledge, experience, motivation, and not be enough. Then, many people make income can be support or not supporting high priority for bioculture but they neglect someone to satisfy their need both their socioculture aspect. bioculture and socioculture need. But, the Of course, not balance between better social economy condition can be too bioculture and socioculture aspect can be create an balance to satisfy bioculture and appear an implication both medical or healt socioculture need. and culture. Its domination socioculture In the health perspective, need can be caused someone (man and bioculture-biocioculture be always more pay women) less be able to controlling his/her attention and stressing to kept physical 302 body health through a better eat pattern need and eat pattern behavior and body regulation and ideally body image. By image. Other side, more expected a contrary, at culture (etnicity) perspective, synergy relationship of the bioculture- socioculture-socioeconomy be always biosocial (health perspective) and oriented to actualize a welfare, to kept body socioculture aspect (culture perspective) be health by eat pattern and body image base created them. on their willing. To analyze by more, gap between METHODS health and culture perspective againts eat Research approach pattern and body image are basically The research approach is caused each other perspective have been qualitative, namely a research study which less integrate a biology-cultural-social make a completely description about aspects, so that they are too difficult to invention result in the field by using any actualize the balancing between bioculture fundamental theory given available to and socioculture. At health, eat behavior analyze and clarify amount phenomena which less based on the bioculture aspect about the balance of bioculture-biosocial can be considered as abnormal and have a (health perspective) and socioculture potency to appear a disease especially is aspect (culture perspective). non communicable diseases . But at Kind and Resource of Data culture, eat behavior of someone There are 16 (sixteen) people (man considered not be necessary guided to the and women) in obesity as research subject. food standard for someone consumed the A qualitative and quantitative data used as eat by happy, make their seoul/batin in kind of data. The qualitative data came from peace, and they owned a perception that so observation and interview result with more eat so better, if their body physic be informant. The quantitative include obesity grow more solid-filled and fat so better. statistic and characteristic, obesity Different view of the second prevalency in percentage, weight and tall of perspectives are tend to influence many physic body, eat frequency, food kind and people both their eat pattern and eat portion amount have been consumed by behavior and their body image. Busily obes in a day. Data resource instead of activity phenomena be often make primary data (this is directly get in the field, someone take need and select instant any as like: observation and interview results, food or fast food which neglect food intake and secondary data (get from literature, need aspect. So then, someone by life style documentation and normative policy, developing are too often influence their eat internet, and from hospital/community pattern and body image. Motivation health central or medicare centre, include someone which expected an physical department-related it). image his/her body be solid and fat often Data Collection Technique shown over eat pattern behavior which There are three technique used are neglect biocultural-biosocial aspects. And observation, interview and documentation. then, if someone make priority to satisfy Observation be done by directly in the field food nutrient often neglect any value and or object investigated over really condition trust in their socioculture system. occurred it, by systematical recording on Base on the phenomena, so main the phenomenon include: eat issue and problem in this research is the pattern/behavior, eat frequency, obes balance of bioculture and socioculture actions to choice and consumed any food, within eat pattern and body image. The their activity, interaction and communication balance of second aspects be more both in the family or household, job and important to actualize them so that not be public area. Interview by use a guide be happen a dichotomy and gap at satisfy food directly conducted, structure and more in 303 depth with key informant and keyspeaker. million until to highest over Rps.10 millions, At interview, investigator as participant and even up to Rps.50 millions per annual. involved together with informant both in the These mean that obesity happen at all home, job area or other location in order to income level both lower and higher. Obesity interview. Documentation be done by history be varied from 1 year to 20 years. literature study and explore other written This indicate that existency of obesity can source particularly related with data and be long time and give an experience about information needed for this study. their condition. Research Instrument All obesity have stomach cycle Main instrument are self-researcher measurement varied from lowest 103 up to which supported by interview guideness 127 centimeters, or average more 100 and arranged base on the centimeters at 16 obesity. These have operationalization of indicators at correlation with Body Mass Index (BMI) investigation focus. In order to easier any value from each obesity. This mean that so data recording and validation so used greater stomach cycle measurement so instrument as like field notes, pen, stips, higher too value. Lower value is 30.0 and and also tape recorder, digital chamera and higher 38.0. other electronic ones. For all description indicate that Data Analyze Technique obesity of Buginess ethnic have At this research, a qualitative characteristic of social (age, education, job approach and comparative study used as or profession, social status), economy (life data analyze. The qualitative is descript any source, income), and health (stomach cycle phenomenon which happened in the field measurement and BMI value). There are by using any
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