Supplemental Instruction Biology 211 (2) Week 5 Chapter 34: Lophotochozoans 1. What is the lophophore function? Trochophore function? 1. Lophophore: Feeding, respiration; Trochophore: Movement, feeding! Platyhelminthes (Flatworms)
Ceolom type Aceolomate
Symmetry Bilateral
Reproduction Sexual; Hermaphroditic; Sometimes asexual
Feeding System Gastrovascular cavity! Incomplete Digestive System
Gastrula (Yes or No) Yes
Tissue (Yes or No) Yes
Protostomes or Deuterostomes Protostomes
Lophophore/Trochophore No
Triploblasty or Diploblasty Triploblastic
Segmented (Yes/No) No
Ecosystem Marine, freshwater, damp habitats
One Free-living Class Turbellaria (Planarians)
Three Parasitic Class Monogenea, Trematoda (Flukes), Cestoda (Tapeworms) 1. Platyhelminthes intake prey through the mouth by a muscular protractible______. 1. Pharynx 2. What is a major difference between free-living and parasitic Platyhelminthes? 1. Reproductive effort is higher in the body plan of the parasitic Platyhelminthes, while digestive efforts are higher in the free-living. 3. Name at least four characteristics of parasitic Platyhelminthes. Supplemental Instruction
4. Do tapeworms have a digestive tract? 1. No, absorb nutrients that are pre-digested by host Annalida
Ceolom type Ceolomate
Symmetry Bilateral
Reproduction Sexual; Hermaphroditic; sometimes asexual
Feeding System Complete Digestive System
Gastrula (Yes or No) Yes
Tissue (Yes or No) Yes
Protostomes or Deuterostomes Protostomes
Lophophore/Trochophore Yes
Triploblasty or Diploblasty Triploblastic
Segmented (Yes/No) Yes
Ecosystem Marine, freshwater, damp habitats
Three Groups Polychaeta (mostly marine), Oligochaeta (Earthworms), Hirudinea (Leeches) 1. What are two advantages of segmentation? 1. Repetition of components provides backup (able to grow back when part is cut off) 2. Permits specialization 2. What is the function of parapodia in Polychaetes? 1. Parapodia function in both movement and gas exchange 3. What are some reasons that earthworms are ecologically important? 1. Digest organic matter; tunnels left behind earthworms help aerate the soil Mollusca
Ceolom type Ceolomate
Symmetry Bilateral
Reproduction Sexual; Some Hermaphroditic; some asexual
Feeding System Complete digestive System
Gastrula (Yes or No) Yes
Tissue (Yes or No) Yes
Protostomes or Deuterostomes Protostomes
Lophophore/Trochophore Yes
Triploblasty or Diploblasty Triploblastic Supplemental Instruction
Mollusca
Segmented (Yes/No) No
Ecosystem Most marine, some freshwater and terrestrial
Two Classes with Radula (Examples) Gastropoda (Snails/slugs), Cephalopoda (Squids, Octopi)
One Class w/o Radula (Examples) Bivalvia (Clams, Mussels) 1. For the Molluscan body plan, what five parts doe they all have? 1. Foot, mantle, shell, visceral mass, gill 2. Does the phylum Mollusca have an open or closed circulatory system? 1. Depends on the energy needs of the clade. If they need a lot of energy, then closed. 3. What is a radula? 1. Used for feeding to cut or scrape food 4. Many species of freshwater mussels have a larval stage called ______that need a host. 1. Glochidium