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Chordata, Tunicata, Thaliacea, Doliolida) from East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia), with an Updated Worldwide Distribution
Journal of Sustainability Science and Management ISSN: 1823-8556 Volume 13 Number 5, 2018 © Penerbit UMT TAXONOMIC REVISION OF THE FAMILY DOLIOLIDAE BRONN, 1862 (CHORDATA, TUNICATA, THALIACEA, DOLIOLIDA) FROM EAST COAST OF PENINSULAR MALAYSIA), WITH AN UPDATED WORLDWIDE DISTRIBUTION NUR ‘ALIAH BINTI ADAM1 AND NURUL HUDA AHMAD ISHAK*1, 2 1School of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia 2Institute of Oceanography and Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia *Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract: The marine pelagic tunicate from the family of Doliolidae Bronn, 1862 in the coastal waters of Terengganu was studied for the first time, hereby presented in this paper. The distribution was analysed from 18 sampling stations alongside the Terengganu waters; including Pulau Bidong, Pulau Yu and Pulau Kapas. Samples were collected from April to July 2016 using 200µm Bongo net; towed vertically from a stationary vessel; and were preserved in a 5% buffered formaldehyde. Five species discovered in this family were identified as new records in Malaysian waters:Doliolum denticulatum Quoy and Gaimard, 1834, Doliolum nationalis Borgert, 1894, Dolioletta gegenbauri Uljanin, 1884, Doliolina mulleri Krohn, 1852 and Dolioloides rarum Grobben, 1882. A comprehensive review of the species description, diagnosis and a key to the phorozooid from the recorded species is herewith provided. We also deliver a detailed map of current and known worldwide occurrence of these five species, and thus consequently update the biodiversity of Malaysian fauna. KEYWORDS: Doliolid, pelagic tunicates, South China Sea, Terengganu, taxonomy, biogeography Introduction have the most complex life cycle compared to any of the pelagic tunicates; consisting of no lesser Pelagic tunicates are large transparent animals than six different and successive morphological that measure up to 25cm (Lavaniegos & Ohman, stages (Godeaux et al., 1998; Paffenhöfer & 2003). -
Ascidian Cannibalism Correlates with Larval Behavior and Adult Distribution
FAU Institutional Repository http://purl.fcla.edu/fau/fauir This paper was submitted by the faculty of FAU’s Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute. Notice: ©1988 Elsevier Ltd. The final published version of this manuscript is available at http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00220981 and may be cited as: Young, C. M. (1988). Ascidian cannibalism correlates with larval behavior and adult distribution. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 117(1), 9-26. doi:10.1016/0022-0981(88)90068-8 J. Exp. Mar. Bioi. £Col., 1988, Vol. 117, pp. 9-26 9 Elsevier JEM 01042 Ascidian cannibalism correlates with larval behavior and adult distribution Craig M. Young Department ofLarval Ecology. Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution, Fort Pierce, Florida. U.S.A. (Received 24 March 1987; revision received 9 December 1987; accepted 22 December 1987) Abstract: In the San Juan Islands, Washington, solitary ascidians .that occur in dense monospecific aggregations demonstrate gregarious settlement as larvae, whereas species that occur as isolated individuals do not. All gregarious species reject their own eggs and larvae as food, but nongregarious species consume conspecific eggs and larvae. Moreover, the rejection mechanism is species-specific in some cases. Correla tion analysis suggests that species specificity of the rejection response has a basis in siphon diameter, egg density, and larval size, but not in number of oral tentacles, or tentacle branching. One strongly cannibalistic species, Corella inflata Huntsman, avoids consuming its own eggs and newly released tadpoles by a unique brooding mechanism that involves floating eggs, negative geotaxis after hatching, and adult orientation. Key words: Ascidian; Cannibalism; Distribution; Larva; Settlement behavior INTRODUCTION Many sessile marine invertebrates, including filter-feeders such as mussels, oysters, barnacles and ascidians, occur in discrete, dense aggregations. -
Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard (2012)
FGDC-STD-018-2012 Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard Marine and Coastal Spatial Data Subcommittee Federal Geographic Data Committee June, 2012 Federal Geographic Data Committee FGDC-STD-018-2012 Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard, June 2012 ______________________________________________________________________________________ CONTENTS PAGE 1. Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Objectives ................................................................................................................ 1 1.2 Need ......................................................................................................................... 2 1.3 Scope ........................................................................................................................ 2 1.4 Application ............................................................................................................... 3 1.5 Relationship to Previous FGDC Standards .............................................................. 4 1.6 Development Procedures ......................................................................................... 5 1.7 Guiding Principles ................................................................................................... 7 1.7.1 Build a Scientifically Sound Ecological Classification .................................... 7 1.7.2 Meet the Needs of a Wide Range of Users ...................................................... -
The Origins of Chordate Larvae Donald I Williamson* Marine Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, United Kingdom
lopmen ve ta e l B Williamson, Cell Dev Biol 2012, 1:1 D io & l l o l g DOI: 10.4172/2168-9296.1000101 e y C Cell & Developmental Biology ISSN: 2168-9296 Research Article Open Access The Origins of Chordate Larvae Donald I Williamson* Marine Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, United Kingdom Abstract The larval transfer hypothesis states that larvae originated as adults in other taxa and their genomes were transferred by hybridization. It contests the view that larvae and corresponding adults evolved from common ancestors. The present paper reviews the life histories of chordates, and it interprets them in terms of the larval transfer hypothesis. It is the first paper to apply the hypothesis to craniates. I claim that the larvae of tunicates were acquired from adult larvaceans, the larvae of lampreys from adult cephalochordates, the larvae of lungfishes from adult craniate tadpoles, and the larvae of ray-finned fishes from other ray-finned fishes in different families. The occurrence of larvae in some fishes and their absence in others is correlated with reproductive behavior. Adult amphibians evolved from adult fishes, but larval amphibians did not evolve from either adult or larval fishes. I submit that [1] early amphibians had no larvae and that several families of urodeles and one subfamily of anurans have retained direct development, [2] the tadpole larvae of anurans and urodeles were acquired separately from different Mesozoic adult tadpoles, and [3] the post-tadpole larvae of salamanders were acquired from adults of other urodeles. Reptiles, birds and mammals probably evolved from amphibians that never acquired larvae. -
The Plankton Lifeform Extraction Tool: a Digital Tool to Increase The
Discussions https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2021-171 Earth System Preprint. Discussion started: 21 July 2021 Science c Author(s) 2021. CC BY 4.0 License. Open Access Open Data The Plankton Lifeform Extraction Tool: A digital tool to increase the discoverability and usability of plankton time-series data Clare Ostle1*, Kevin Paxman1, Carolyn A. Graves2, Mathew Arnold1, Felipe Artigas3, Angus Atkinson4, Anaïs Aubert5, Malcolm Baptie6, Beth Bear7, Jacob Bedford8, Michael Best9, Eileen 5 Bresnan10, Rachel Brittain1, Derek Broughton1, Alexandre Budria5,11, Kathryn Cook12, Michelle Devlin7, George Graham1, Nick Halliday1, Pierre Hélaouët1, Marie Johansen13, David G. Johns1, Dan Lear1, Margarita Machairopoulou10, April McKinney14, Adam Mellor14, Alex Milligan7, Sophie Pitois7, Isabelle Rombouts5, Cordula Scherer15, Paul Tett16, Claire Widdicombe4, and Abigail McQuatters-Gollop8 1 10 The Marine Biological Association (MBA), The Laboratory, Citadel Hill, Plymouth, PL1 2PB, UK. 2 Centre for Environment Fisheries and Aquacu∑lture Science (Cefas), Weymouth, UK. 3 Université du Littoral Côte d’Opale, Université de Lille, CNRS UMR 8187 LOG, Laboratoire d’Océanologie et de Géosciences, Wimereux, France. 4 Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, Plymouth, PL1 3DH, UK. 5 15 Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle (MNHN), CRESCO, 38 UMS Patrinat, Dinard, France. 6 Scottish Environment Protection Agency, Angus Smith Building, Maxim 6, Parklands Avenue, Eurocentral, Holytown, North Lanarkshire ML1 4WQ, UK. 7 Centre for Environment Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Lowestoft, UK. 8 Marine Conservation Research Group, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK. 9 20 The Environment Agency, Kingfisher House, Goldhay Way, Peterborough, PE4 6HL, UK. 10 Marine Scotland Science, Marine Laboratory, 375 Victoria Road, Aberdeen, AB11 9DB, UK. -
DEEP SEA LEBANON RESULTS of the 2016 EXPEDITION EXPLORING SUBMARINE CANYONS Towards Deep-Sea Conservation in Lebanon Project
DEEP SEA LEBANON RESULTS OF THE 2016 EXPEDITION EXPLORING SUBMARINE CANYONS Towards Deep-Sea Conservation in Lebanon Project March 2018 DEEP SEA LEBANON RESULTS OF THE 2016 EXPEDITION EXPLORING SUBMARINE CANYONS Towards Deep-Sea Conservation in Lebanon Project Citation: Aguilar, R., García, S., Perry, A.L., Alvarez, H., Blanco, J., Bitar, G. 2018. 2016 Deep-sea Lebanon Expedition: Exploring Submarine Canyons. Oceana, Madrid. 94 p. DOI: 10.31230/osf.io/34cb9 Based on an official request from Lebanon’s Ministry of Environment back in 2013, Oceana has planned and carried out an expedition to survey Lebanese deep-sea canyons and escarpments. Cover: Cerianthus membranaceus © OCEANA All photos are © OCEANA Index 06 Introduction 11 Methods 16 Results 44 Areas 12 Rov surveys 16 Habitat types 44 Tarablus/Batroun 14 Infaunal surveys 16 Coralligenous habitat 44 Jounieh 14 Oceanographic and rhodolith/maërl 45 St. George beds measurements 46 Beirut 19 Sandy bottoms 15 Data analyses 46 Sayniq 15 Collaborations 20 Sandy-muddy bottoms 20 Rocky bottoms 22 Canyon heads 22 Bathyal muds 24 Species 27 Fishes 29 Crustaceans 30 Echinoderms 31 Cnidarians 36 Sponges 38 Molluscs 40 Bryozoans 40 Brachiopods 42 Tunicates 42 Annelids 42 Foraminifera 42 Algae | Deep sea Lebanon OCEANA 47 Human 50 Discussion and 68 Annex 1 85 Annex 2 impacts conclusions 68 Table A1. List of 85 Methodology for 47 Marine litter 51 Main expedition species identified assesing relative 49 Fisheries findings 84 Table A2. List conservation interest of 49 Other observations 52 Key community of threatened types and their species identified survey areas ecological importanc 84 Figure A1. -
Ascidiacea (Chordata: Tunicata) of Greece: an Updated Checklist
Biodiversity Data Journal 4: e9273 doi: 10.3897/BDJ.4.e9273 Taxonomic Paper Ascidiacea (Chordata: Tunicata) of Greece: an updated checklist Chryssanthi Antoniadou‡, Vasilis Gerovasileiou§§, Nicolas Bailly ‡ Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece § Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Heraklion, Greece Corresponding author: Chryssanthi Antoniadou ([email protected]) Academic editor: Christos Arvanitidis Received: 18 May 2016 | Accepted: 17 Jul 2016 | Published: 01 Nov 2016 Citation: Antoniadou C, Gerovasileiou V, Bailly N (2016) Ascidiacea (Chordata: Tunicata) of Greece: an updated checklist. Biodiversity Data Journal 4: e9273. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9273 Abstract Background The checklist of the ascidian fauna (Tunicata: Ascidiacea) of Greece was compiled within the framework of the Greek Taxon Information System (GTIS), an application of the LifeWatchGreece Research Infrastructure (ESFRI) aiming to produce a complete checklist of species recorded from Greece. This checklist was constructed by updating an existing one with the inclusion of recently published records. All the reported species from Greek waters were taxonomically revised and cross-checked with the Ascidiacea World Database. New information The updated checklist of the class Ascidiacea of Greece comprises 75 species, classified in 33 genera, 12 families, and 3 orders. In total, 8 species have been added to the previous species list (4 Aplousobranchia, 2 Phlebobranchia, and 2 Stolidobranchia). Aplousobranchia was the most speciose order, followed by Stolidobranchia. Most species belonged to the families Didemnidae, Polyclinidae, Pyuridae, Ascidiidae, and Styelidae; these 4 families comprise 76% of the Greek ascidian species richness. The present effort revealed the limited taxonomic research effort devoted to the ascidian fauna of Greece, © Antoniadou C et al. -
Appendix 3 Marine Spcies Lists
Appendix 3 Marine Species Lists with Abundance and Habitat Notes for Provincial Helliwell Park Marine Species at “Wall” at Flora Islet and Reef Marine Species at Norris Rocks Marine Species at Toby Islet Reef Marine Species at Maude Reef, Lambert Channel Habitats and Notes of Marine Species of Helliwell Provincial Park Helliwell Provincial Park Ecosystem Based Plan – March 2001 Marine Species at wall at Flora Islet and Reef Common Name Latin Name Abundance Notes Sponges Cloud sponge Aphrocallistes vastus Abundant, only local site occurance Numerous, only local site where Chimney sponge, Boot sponge Rhabdocalyptus dawsoni numerous Numerous, only local site where Chimney sponge, Boot sponge Staurocalyptus dowlingi numerous Scallop sponges Myxilla, Mycale Orange ball sponge Tethya californiana Fairly numerous Aggregated vase sponge Polymastia pacifica One sighting Hydroids Sea Fir Abietinaria sp. Corals Orange sea pen Ptilosarcus gurneyi Numerous Orange cup coral Balanophyllia elegans Abundant Zoanthids Epizoanthus scotinus Numerous Anemones Short plumose anemone Metridium senile Fairly numerous Giant plumose anemone Metridium gigantium Fairly numerous Aggregate green anemone Anthopleura elegantissima Abundant Tube-dwelling anemone Pachycerianthus fimbriatus Abundant Fairly numerous, only local site other Crimson anemone Cribrinopsis fernaldi than Toby Islet Swimming anemone Stomphia sp. Fairly numerous Jellyfish Water jellyfish Aequoria victoria Moon jellyfish Aurelia aurita Lion's mane jellyfish Cyanea capillata Particuilarly abundant -
The Biology of Seashores - Image Bank Guide All Images and Text ©2006 Biomedia ASSOCIATES
The Biology of Seashores - Image Bank Guide All Images And Text ©2006 BioMEDIA ASSOCIATES Shore Types Low tide, sandy beach, clam diggers. Knowing the Low tide, rocky shore, sandstone shelves ,The time and extent of low tides is important for people amount of beach exposed at low tide depends both on who collect intertidal organisms for food. the level the tide will reach, and on the gradient of the beach. Low tide, Salt Point, CA, mixed sandstone and hard Low tide, granite boulders, The geology of intertidal rock boulders. A rocky beach at low tide. Rocks in the areas varies widely. Here, vertical faces of exposure background are about 15 ft. (4 meters) high. are mixed with gentle slopes, providing much variation in rocky intertidal habitat. Split frame, showing low tide and high tide from same view, Salt Point, California. Identical views Low tide, muddy bay, Bodega Bay, California. of a rocky intertidal area at a moderate low tide (left) Bays protected from winds, currents, and waves tend and moderate high tide (right). Tidal variation between to be shallow and muddy as sediments from rivers these two times was about 9 feet (2.7 m). accumulate in the basin. The receding tide leaves mudflats. High tide, Salt Point, mixed sandstone and hard rock boulders. Same beach as previous two slides, Low tide, muddy bay. In some bays, low tides expose note the absence of exposed algae on the rocks. vast areas of mudflats. The sea may recede several kilometers from the shoreline of high tide Tides Low tide, sandy beach. -
Blooms of the Pelagic Tunicate, <I>Dolioletta Gegenbauri:</I> Are
Journal of Marine Research, 43, 211-236,1985 Blooms of the pelagic tunicate, Dolioletta gegenbauri: Are they associated with Gulf Stream frontal eddies? I 2 by Don Deibel • ABSTRACT Satellite-directed sampling was used to determine whether blooms of Do/ioletta gegenbauri are associated with warm filaments of Gulf Stream frontal eddies. Radio-transmitting drogues were used to mark the center of the bloom so that physical and biological covariables could be measured inside and outside of bloom waters. The bloom was not in the warm filament of a frontal eddy, but was 60 - 70 km northwest of the temperature front between outer-shelf water and the Gulf Stream-in upwelled water probably originating from the eddy's cold core. This cold-core remnant (CCR) water was stranded between 2 middle-shelf fronts. The doliolid bloom resulted from the asexual production of gonozooids by the oozooid stage. This occurred primarily in the nearshore temperature and salinity front and in or beneath the pycnocline between CCR and overriding outer-shelf surface water. Several of the doliolid populations were estimated to be capable of clearing 40-120% of their resident water volume each day-removing particles of less than 50 J.Lm equivalent spherical diameter. Their removal of small particles is thought to be one of the primary reasons for poor copepod recruitment and low net zooplankton concentrations in the midst of doliolid blooms. The phytoplankton community was co-dominated by dinoflagellates and diatoms. indicating the strong influence of the Gulf Stream in these mid-shelf waters. Dominant diatoms were Thalassiosira subti/is and Rhizosolenia sp., both typical of Gulf Stream upwelling in the Georgia Bight. -
Phylum Chordata Bateson, 1885
Checklist of the Invertebrate Chordata and the Hemichordata of British Columbia (Tunicates and Acorn Worms) (August, 2009) by Aaron Baldwin, PhD Candidate School of Fisheries and Ocean Science University of Alaska, Fairbanks E-mail [email protected] The following checklist contains species in the chordate subphylum Tunicata and the acorn worms which have been listed as found in British Columbia. This list is certainly incomplete. The taxonomy follows that of the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS database, www.marinespecies.org) and the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS, www.itis.gov). For several families and higher taxa I was unable to locate author's names so have left these blank. Common names are mainly from Lamb and Hanby (2005). Phylum Chordata Bateson, 1885 Subpylum Tunicata Class Ascidacea Nielsen, 1995 Order Entergona Suborder Aplousobranchia Family Cionidae Genus Ciona Fleming, 1822 Ciona savignyi Herdman, 1882 Family Clavelinidae Genus Clavelina Savigny, 1816 Clavelina huntsmani Van Name, 1931 Family Didemnidae Genus Didemnum Savigny, 1816 Didemnum carnulentum Ritter and Forsyth, 1917 Didenmum sp (Lamb and Hanby, 2005) INV Genus Diplosoma Macdonald, 1859 Diplosoma listerianum (Milne-Edwards, 1841) Genus Trididemnum delle Valle, 1881 Trididemnum alexi Lambert, 2005 Family Holozoidae Genus Distaplia delle Valle, 1881 Distaplia occidentalis Bancroft, 1899 Distaplia smithi Abbot and Trason, 1968 Family Polycitoridae Genus Cystodytes von Drasche, 1884 Cystodytes lobatus (Ritter, 1900) Genus Eudistoma Caullery, 1909 -
An Anatomical Description of a Miniaturized Acorn Worm (Hemichordata, Enteropneusta) with Asexual Reproduction by Paratomy
An Anatomical Description of a Miniaturized Acorn Worm (Hemichordata, Enteropneusta) with Asexual Reproduction by Paratomy The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Worsaae, Katrine, Wolfgang Sterrer, Sabrina Kaul-Strehlow, Anders Hay-Schmidt, and Gonzalo Giribet. 2012. An anatomical description of a miniaturized acorn worm (hemichordata, enteropneusta) with asexual reproduction by paratomy. PLoS ONE 7(11): e48529. Published Version doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0048529 Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:11732117 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA An Anatomical Description of a Miniaturized Acorn Worm (Hemichordata, Enteropneusta) with Asexual Reproduction by Paratomy Katrine Worsaae1*, Wolfgang Sterrer2, Sabrina Kaul-Strehlow3, Anders Hay-Schmidt4, Gonzalo Giribet5 1 Marine Biological Section, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, 2 Bermuda Natural History Museum, Flatts, Bermuda, 3 Department for Molecular Evolution and Development, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, 4 Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, The Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, 5 Museum of Comparative Zoology, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachussetts, United States of America Abstract The interstitial environment of marine sandy bottoms is a nutrient-rich, sheltered habitat whilst at the same time also often a turbulent, space-limited, and ecologically challenging environment dominated by meiofauna. The interstitial fauna is one of the most diverse on earth and accommodates miniaturized representatives from many macrofaunal groups as well as several exclusively meiofaunal phyla.