IN MEMORIAM
EDUARDO CHIVAMBO MONDLANE
1920-1969
PRESIDENT, MOZAMBIQUE LIBERATION FRONT
PRESIDENTE, FRENTE DE LIBERTACAO DE MOCAMBIQUE
RAISI, FRELIMO ORDER OF SERVICES
at Azania Front Lutheran Church and Kinondoni Cemetery Dar es Salaam, Thursday 6th February, 1969
2.45 p.m. State Procession from State House to Azania Front Lutheran Church
AT THE CHURCH 3.30 p.m. Organ Prelude
Opening sentences and Prayer of Invocation THE REV. EDWARD HAWLEY PASTOR FOR REFUGEES, CHRISTIAN COUNCIL OF TANZANIA
Old Testament lesson: Psalm 23 (read in Swahili) THE REv. ANAEL A. MACHA
Prayer (Swahili) PASTOR MACHA
Epistle: Romans 8 (selected verses) (read in Portuguese) THE REv. URIA SIMANGO
Prayer (Portuguese) MR. SIMANGO
Gospel (selected words of Jesus from John's gospel) MR. HAWLEY
Meditation MR. HAWLEY
Closing Prayers
The Lord's Prayer (each worshipper who cares to join using the language most natural to him) Benediction
Organ Postiude
Procession from Azania Front Lutheran Church to Kinondoni Cemetery
AT THE CEMETERY
Remarks-on behalf of FRELIMO VICE-PRESIDENT SIMANGO Remarks-on behalf of the OAU MR. G. MAGOMBE and the Liberation Movements Service of Committal MR. HAWLEY Military Salute
The filling of the grave and the placing of floral tributes MONDLANI - BRINGER/ OF UNITY But his mother decided he American university and finally Algeria was the first country are certiinly some Mozambican should be educated and so in in 1953 obtained a B.A. from to give military assistance to who would go to any lengih 1931 he entered a Governmentk Oberlin College in Ohio. He later the new party and finally on to wrest leadership of the libe. The assassination in Dar es Salaam on Monday of an M.A. and Ph. D. September 25, 1964, Frellmo ration struggle from him. school at Manjacae and two received t Dr. Eduardo Mondlane, 48-year-old President of the years later transferred to a In sociology from Northwestern" launched its first action with a Dr. Mondlane was in no doub mission school nearerhome. The University and later spent ayear force of 250 trained andequipped from the time he entered the Mozambique Liberation Front, Frelimo, has shocked Calvinist missionaries took, an at Harvard doing research in men. Today Frelimo state they liberation struggle that he was people throughout the world. In this article DAVID interest in the young boy and in role coiinflt. have about 10,000 trained and marked man with his life constant Q 1936 arranged for him to go to equipped men Inside Mozambique ly in danger. His wife, Janet MARTIN who had known him for five years traces a primary school in Lourenco The next five years were and claim they have liberated received threats, but the Frelim President rarely if ever tookan] achievements and says he should be Marques. Next came an oppor- spent at the United Nations as a fifth of the country Presien t Isefk his history and a research officer on trust ter- tunity in an agricultural school precautions to protect himself, remembered alongside men like American Civil he learnt dry land ritories and it was in this period t where Dr. Mondlane took a realistic In the last seven years wh Rights Leader, Dr. Martin Luther King, as a martyr farming andEngish...--.and English. he received.... , appeals. ...from ...... Mo- ...... , Dr. Mondlane achieved was to wew ol -t war -I -a start-te mould a cohesive, purposeful in the fight for human rights. Then he won a scholarship in the nationalist movement. Tan and I remember that just before Christmas 1964 he remarked force out of anethnically, educa to attend a secondary school zania's independence in 1961 was tionally and ideologically dissi. in the Northern Transvaal and a key point in Dr. Mondiane's to me: ONobody should thinkfor a for it was then he decided moment this will be easy. It may milar group of ambitious men JA 1948 entered Witwatersrand life and to do so in the context of University in Johannesburg on independence in his homeland take us five, 10 or 20 years to reach a negotiated settlement of the psychological depressions, another private scholarship. But was possible in his life. suspicion and illusions that in Mondlane, the President of the in the following year the South the type Algeria got but we are DR. EDUARDO right and we will win." evitably accompany the exile's African Government withdrew his But one of the things he insisted way of life. Mozambique Liberation Front, Frelimo, who was residence permit and when he on from the outset was that there assassinated in Dar es Salaam on Monday, was got home he was arrested and must be unity among the Mozanm That was the kind of realism It was a formidable task but interrogated by the,,Portuguese bican fronts. In 1961 there were which brought his critics baying in a slow moving warof attrition, once described as "Portugal's most wanted man" because of his efforts toorganise three competitive liberation at his heels but to my mind albeit a guerrilla struggle, a pre, and yet in many ways the soft spoken intellec a Mozambique student assoc movements: the Mozambique facile promises would have been requisite to continuance is a iation. African National Union (Manu) far more harmful to Frelimo's cohesive central unit to theparty tual who abandoned his text books to lead a vio which was based in Tanzania cause. and this was what Dr. Mondlane believed that The Portuguese and was probably the most im. achieved within Frelimo. lent war did not fit the traditional picture of the the embryonic spirit of black portant, Unlao Democratica Na In the four and a half years His critics may have complain freedom fighter. nationalism would be cured at clonal de Mocambique (Udenamo) after the Mozambique war started a Portuguese university but quite Dr. Mondlane spent a great deal ed that he lived in Oyster Bay, and the Unn Nacional Africana Dar es Salaam; that he spent too the reverse proved to be the de Mocambique Independents of time visiting countries all over case. much time overseas or at cocktail (Unami). the world pleading the case for parties but the inescapable fact But this in part explains the price on his Although under close surveil Frelmo, trying to persuade na about the man is that he moulded head and his death. In the seven years since he lance with his room constantly Dr. Mondlane has been mainly tions such as America, Britain three squabbling liberation fronts searched, the seeds of revolution associated with Udenamo but in and Germany to follow only moral June 1962 he managed to arrange into a single movement and that he returned to Tanzania to lead the newly formed in Portugal's I overseas pro. rather than moral and economic succeeded in launching a libera. a meeting of the three movements rais. de Libertacao de Mocambique he had vinces' were firmly planted in policies in SouthernAfrica, tin war in Mozambique which Frente Lisbon where he became friends in Dar es Salaam and finally on Ing money and munitions for the June 25 they were fused into a today occupies some 50,000 become a persuasive international personality with a number of intellectuals liberation front and lecturing and Portuguese troops. destined to become the foremost single organisation, Frelimo. talking to anyone who was willing barriers of ideo Mondlane was both meta whose friendships crossed the in the wars in Africa to listen. Dr. figures The new party had a unitary phorically and physically a big and colour. against Portugal, Including logy structure allowing all Mozam man who like manyother Mozam Agostimo Neto who today is the bicans to join as an individual Overseas he was Africa's best third and final wife. His father President of the Movimento at large bicans died for the independence Of the leaders of liberation and not as part of a sub group known freedom fighter of his country. The tributes to died when be was very young Popular para a Libertacao do a kind of fronts at libertyhe was probably and in September 1962 the first and he had become this warm and philosophical lead and in his early years when he Angola (M.P.L.A.); Amilcar congress was held. unofficial Ambassador for the the best known on both sides of was raised by his mother and er will pour in for days from the ideological curtain and he Cabral, who now leads Africa's whole of the cause in Southern all over the world but the one brothers he never dreamed of most successful freedom fighter Three important major policy Africa. tried more seriously than many having an education. that he would want most wouldbe party, the Partido Africano da lines emerged from the meeting: other leaders to pursue a non 1. That a clandestine political Clearly following his fiendish continued solidarity and cohe aligned policy accepting moral Despite the fact his father had Independencia da Guine 'Portu. siveness of purpose within Fre guesa a das llhas de Cabo force had to be established in assassination suspicion must fall and material succour from both been a. tribal chief no member a re-doubling of the de Verde (P.A .I.G.C.) and Marcelbno Mozambique; 2. That a military on two main groups - P.I.D.E., limo and Communist and capitalist, Arab of the family had ever gone to the Portuguese police intelligence termination to liberate the school and Eduardo's future dos Santos, today a member ot programme must be set up, and and Jew, black and white. programme agency and dissident Mozamo country's 7,000,000 oppressed Born n 1920 in the Gaza dis. looked as if it would be herding FreUmo's central committee. 3. An educational After a year at university in which emphasised educational bians. Lisbon had a great deal people from Portuguese domina. trict of southern Mozambique he the cattle, sheep, goats and to gain by his death and there tion. was th last child of his father's working on the shamba. Lisbon he transferred to an training should be started. HONOURED GUESTS
President Mwalimu Julius K. Nyerere
First Vice-President Sheikh Abeid A. Karume
Second Vice-President Rashid M. Kawawa
Ministers and Government officials, United Republic of Tanzania
Officers of the Central Committee and of the Members of FRELIMO
Representatives of the Organization of African Unity and its Liberation Committee
Foreign Ministers and their Representatives of the 14 Nations associated with the East African Community
Representatives of the Liberation Movements of Angola, Bissau, Namibia, South Africa and Zimbabwe
Representatives of the Churches of Tanzania and of the World Council of Churches
Friends and Admirers