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Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Indeks Pembangunan Manusia Di Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai

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Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Indeks Pembangunan Manusia Di Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai SKRIPSI ANALISIS FAKTOR – FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI INDEKS PEMBANGUNAN MANUSIA DI KABUPATEN SERDANG BEDAGAI OLEH VIRA AMALIA SARAGIH 150501091 PROGRAM STUDI EKONOMI PEMBANGUNAN FAKULTAS EKONOMI DAN BISNIS UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2019 Universitas Sumatera Utara Universitas Sumatera Utara Universitas Sumatera Utara Universitas Sumatera Utara ABSTRAK ANALISIS FAKTOR - FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI INDEKS PEMBANGUNAN MANUSIA DI KABUPATEN SERDANG BEDAGAI Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB), pengeluaran pemerintah bidang pendidikan dan Tingkat Partisipasi Angkatan Kerja (TPAK) terhadap Indeks Pembangunan Manusia di Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode Ordinary Least Square (OLS). Jenis data yang digunakan yaitu data sekunder dalam kurun waktu 8 tahun (2010-2017) yang bersumber dari Badan Pusat Statistik Sumatera Utara, Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai dan Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah (Bappeda) Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai, yang diolah dengan program eviews. Hasil estimasi OLS menunjukkan bahwa variabel Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB) berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Indeks Pembangunan Manusia di Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai, variabel pengeluaran pemerintah bidang pendidikan memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikaan terhadap indeks pembangunan manusia di Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai, dan variabel Tingkat Partisipasi Angkatan Kerja (TPAK) berpengaruh positif namun tidak signifikan terhadap Indeks Pembangunan Manusia di Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai. Kata Kunci : IPM, PDRB, Pengeluaran Pemerintah, TPAK i Universitas Sumatera Utara ABSTRACT ANALYSIS OF FACTORS THAT AFFECTING THE HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX IN SERDANG BEDAGAI REGENCY This study aims to analyze the effect of Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP), government expenditure in education and Labor Force Participation Rate (LFPR) on the Human Development Index in Serdang Bedagai District. The analytical method used in this study is the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method. The type of data used is secondary data in a period of 8 years (2010-2017) sourced from the Central Sumatra Statistics Agency, the Central Bureau of Statistics of Serdang Bedagai Regency and the Regional Development Planning Agency (Bappeda), Serdang Bedagai Regency, which is processed with eviews program. The OLS estimation results show that the Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) variable has a positive and significant effect on the Human Development Index in Serdang Bedagai District, government expenditure in education variable has a positive and significant effect on the human development index in Serdang Bedagai District, and the Labor Force Participation Rate (LFPR) variable has a positive but not significant effect on the Human Development Index in Serdang Bedagai District. Keywords: HDI, GRDP, Government Expenditures, LFPR ii Universitas Sumatera Utara KATA PENGANTAR Alhamdulillah, segala puji dan syukur kepada Allah SWT, Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, yang telah memberikan Rahmat dan Hidayah-Nya sehingga penulis mampu menyelesaikan skripsi yang berjudul “Analisis Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Indeks Pembangunan Manusia Di Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai”. Penulis menyadari bahwa penulisan skripsi ini dapat diselesaikan atas bantuan dan bimbingan dari berbagai pihak. Pada kesempatan ini, penulis ingin menyampaikan terima kasih dan penghargaan yang tulus kepada : 1. Kedua orangtua tercinta, Mama (Sri Rezeki) dan Papa (Drs. Benny Saragih, MM) yang selalu memberikan doa dan dukungan terbaiknya tiada henti. Serta kepada kakak saya, Dita Amanda Saragih, SE dan oma saya Mariana Nasution yang selalu mendukung saya untuk menyelesaikan skripsi saya ini. 2. Alm. Opung tercinta Djawamer Saragih dan seluruh keluarga yang telah memotivasi saya dalam menyelesaikan skripsi ini 3. Bapak Prof. Dr. Ramli SE., MS., selaku Dekan Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Sumatera Utara. 4. Bapak Drs. Coki Ahmad Syahwier, MP. selaku Ketua Program Studi S-1 Ekonomi Pembangunan Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Sumatera Utara. 5. Ibu Inggrita Gusti Sari Nasution, SE., M.Si., selaku Sekretaris Program Studi Ekonomi Pembangunan. 6. Bapak Prof. Dr. lic.rer.reg. Sirojuzilam Hasyim, SE., selaku Dosen Pembimbing yang telah menyediakan waktu, tenaga, dan fikiran untuk mengarahkan saya dalam penyusunan skripsi ini dari awal penulisan hingga selesainya skripsi ini.. 7. Bapak Dr. Rujiman, M.A., selaku dosen Penguji I saya yang telah memberikan saran dalam penulisan skripsi ini. 8. Bapak Drs. Murbanto Sinaga, M.A., selaku dosen Penguji II saya yang telah memberikan saran dalam penulisan skripsi ini. 9. Kepada seluruh Dosen dan Staf Pengajar Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Sumatera Utara atas bantuan dan bimbingan nya selama masa perkuliahan saya.. 10. Seluruh Pegawai dan Staf Administrasi Departemen Ekonomi Pembangunan Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Sumatera Utara yang telah membantu saya dalam penyelesaian kelengkapan administrasi. V iii Universitas Sumatera Utara iv Universitas Sumatera Utara DAFTAR ISI ABSTRAK ................................................................................................................ i ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................... ii KATA PENGANTAR .............................................................................................. iii DAFTAR ISI ............................................................................................................ v DAFTAR TABEL ................................................................................................... vii DAFTAR GAMBAR ................................................................................................ viii DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ............................................................................................ ix BAB I PENDAHULUAN 1.1. Latar Belakang ........................................................................................ 1 1.2. Rumusan Masalah ................................................................................... 9 1.3. Tujuan Penelitian .................................................................................... 9 1.4. Manfaat Penelitian .................................................................................. 10 BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA 2.1. Definisi Pembangunan ............................................................................ 11 2.1.1. Pembangunan ................................................................................. 11 2.1.2. Pembangunan Ekonomi ................................................................ 12 2.1.3. Pembangunan Manusia .................................................................. 13 2.1.4. Pembangunan Nasional ................................................................. 15 2.2. Indeks Pembangunan Manusia ................................................................ 16 2.2.1. Komponen IPM ............................................................................. 17 2.2.2. Metode Perhitungan IPM ............................................................... 20 2.3. Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB) ............................................. 22 2.3.1. Pengertian PDRB ........................................................................... 22 2.3.2. Perhitungan PDRB. ....................................................................... 23 2.4. Pengeluaran Pemerintah Bidang Pendidikan .......................................... 25 2.5. Tingkat Partisipasi Angkatan Kerja (TPAK) .......................................... 28 2.5.1. Pengertian TPAK ........................................................................... 28 2.5.2. Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi TPAK................................... 30 2.6. Penelitian Terdahulu ............................................................................... 31 2.7. Kerangka Konseptual .............................................................................. 33 2.8. Hipotesis .................................................................................................. 36 BAB III METODE PENELITIAN 3.1. Ruang Lingkup Penelitian ................................................................. .... 37 3.2. Jenis Penelitian ....................................................................................... 37 3.3. Lokasi Penelitian ..................................................................................... 37 3.4. Teknik Pengumpulan Data .................................................................... 37 3.5. Jenis dan Sumber Data ........................................................................... 38 3.6. Variabel Penelitian ................................................................................. 39 3.6.1. Variabel Bebas (X) ....................................................................... 39 3.6.2. Variabel Terikat (Y) ..................................................................... 40 3.7. Definisi Operasional................................................................................ 40 v Universitas Sumatera Utara 3.8. Metode Analisis Data .............................................................................. 40 3.8.1.Analisis Deskriptif ....................................................................... 41 3.8.2.Analisis Regresi Linear Berganda ............................................... 41 3.8.2.1 Uji Multikolinearitas .....................................................
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