Some Streams of Systemic Thought KEY: (Draft update — May 2001) white general systems * * * red cybernetics black physical sciences Originated in 1996 by Dr. Eric Schwarz, Neuchâtel, Switzerland. Extended in 1998, including items from the The Story of Philosophy by Will Durant (1933). blue mathematics Elaborated in 2000-2001 from many sources for the International Institute for General Systems Studies. magenta computers & informatics Currently a research project of the IIGSS. green biology & medicine - - - yellow symbolic systems This rendition is the property of the International Institute for General Systems Studies. orange social systems All Rights Reserved. olive ecology Errors and omissions in this chart are solely attributable to the IIGSS. gray philosophy cyan systems analysis purple engineering

International Encyclopedia of Systems & Cybernetics Charles François 1997

Teleonics Multi-Methodology Gyuri Jaros John Mingers General Systems Theory Yi Lin Genomics General Tropodynamics Social Entropy Theory Co-creative Process Craig Venter, Cultural Hector Sabelli Hegemony Systems Semiotics Soucheng OuYang, Yi Lin Kenneth D. Bailey Francis Collins USA Luis Rocha, Systemic Perspectivism Critical Physics Cosmological Howard Pattee Superstrings Topology of Evolutionary Ronald W. Moses Physics Brian Greene, et al Grand Unified Treories Meaning Knotted Systems Philosophy Steven Weinberg Stephen Hawking R. Ian Flett Louis Kauffman Systemic Development Punctuated Evolution Richard L. Coren Pansystems Informational Fuzzy Systemics Cyber-semiotics Blown Up Systems Richard Bawden Stephen J. Gould Synergy Grey Systems Microdynamics Evolutionary Wu Xuemou Positivism Self-organized Anti-chaos & Vladimir Dimitrov Søren Brier Shoucheng OuYang Homeorheotic Peter A. Corning Sifeng Liu, Yi Lin Vladimir Lerner Artificial Life World Wide Web Systems Richard Dawkins Economics Adaptation Complex Evolutionary Total Systems Whole Systems Chris Langton Tim Berners-Lee Interpretive William Irwin W. Brian Arthur Stuart Kauffman Symmetry Intervention Scientific Philosophy Physics Thompson Systems Design Appreciative Systems Physics As A. Zee Philosophy of Physics Peter M. Allen Robert Flood Harold Nelson William E. Smith Interpretive Systemology Metaphor Paul C.W. Davies B.J. West Stabile Systems Metasystem Transition & Mathematics Ramses Fuenmayor, Approximation- Rational Roger S. Jones Claude Bernard Turchin, Heylighen, Joslyn Biotechnology Nanotechnology F. David Peat Hernan Lopez-Garay Estimation Theory Mechanics Semiotic Catholicity Geometry of Meaning Fuzzy Logic Randolph F. Lumpp Critical Systems & Reflexive Universe Bart Kosko Philosophy of Physics Socio-Cybernetics Eco-futurism Michael C. Jackson, Arthur M. Young Scientific R. Felix Geyer Intuitionism John Archibald Wheeler Hazel Henderson Systems Trends Robert Flood, General Criticality Management Cybernetics Internet Philosophy of Kenneth E.F. Watt Werner Ulrich Systemology Communicational Cybernetics Per Bak ARPA Michael Polanyi Social Cybernetics Peter Senge Science D.H. McNeil Klaus Krippendorff Literary Semiotics Stuart Umpleby Infodynamics Complex Dynamical Fritjof Capra Social Stanley Salthe Systems Umberto Eco Systemic Selfness Analysis of Self-organization Rheomodal Systems Sciento-politics Ralph Abraham Paul Ryan Complexification Systems Tessellations Systems Media Soft Systems Sciences Ian Mitroff Conscientization Holonics Conrad H. Development Hyper- Laws of Form Roger Penrose David Bohm Noetic Systems Semiotics Primate Methodology Paolo Freire Arthur Koestler Waddington John Warfield mathematics George Walter J. Ong H. Marshall Linguistics Peter Checkland Charles Spencer-Brown Metaphysics of Linguistic McLuhan Generalized Muses Science Mathematics Systems Ecology Fuzzy Uncertainty Gary Zukav Neuchatel Hierarchy Theory Systems Hekki Heiskanon Systemics of Howard T. Odum Problematiques J. Ford Evolutionary Socio-Technical Howard H. Pattee Lofti Zadeh Paradigmatic Benefit & Planning Model Systems Cybernetic Synergetics Revolutions Postmodernism Warren Ziegler Hasan Ozbekhan Eric Schwarz Harold Linstone Epistemology Hermann Haken Thomas Kuhn Ranulph Semio-Physics Management Cybernetics Objective René Thom Glanville Autopoietic Social Noosphere Geophysiology (Gaia) Development Barry Clemson Information Systems Holonomic Systems Self-Reference Teilhard James E. Lovelock of Mentation T. Stonier Niklas Luhmann Ken Wilber & Autonomy de Jardin Ecological Walter Lowen Model Theory Demographics Genetic Michael Morley Endosymbiosis Paul Ehrlich Engineering Computationism Bio-cybernetics Lynn Margulis Jerry A. Fodor Manfried Eigen Geo-Impact Philosophy of Autopoietic Systems Chaos Theory Evolution Nature & Science Biology Systems Cybernetic Semiosis M.J. Feigenbaum Eugene Carl von Primate Biodiversity Robert Rosen Shoemaker Social Semiotics Rod Swenson Douglas R. Weizsäcker Floyd Merrell Anthropology Sociobiology Hofstadter Robotics Relativism Jane Goodall Edward O. Wilson Mathematical Cellular Artificial Scientific Ecology Psychology Automata Green Philosophy Revolution Neural Nets Complex Systems Rapid C.S. Holling R.D. Luce Miniaturized Jacques Monod Radical Norman (Santa Fe Institute) Dissipative Constructivism Designing Systems Synergetics II Collateration Computing R. Buckminster Borlaug & Hypertext Systems Ernst von Sociometrics Bela H. Banathy Systems Dynamics Software Modern Theoretical Physics Environmentalism Fuller Ted Nelson Ilya Glasersfeld Jay W. Forrester, Measurement David Brower Knowledge Prigogine Donella Meadows Sciences Capers Jones Epistemology of Science Paradoxical Systematics Telecommunications Brian Gaines Sir Arthur Eddington Social Ecology Metamodeling Bio-semiosis John Van Gigch Imagery Ernst Mayr & Data Bases General Systems Psycho- Eric Trist, Philosophy Jesper M.C. Escher James Martin Evolution Metrics Fred Emery of Biology Intensional Hoffmeyer Morton O. Logic Erich Jantsch General Systems Beckner Chaotic Systems Montague Hypervisors Modeling Edward Lorenz Social Psychology George Klir Willis F. Overton Emulation Pattern General Systems Communicative Management Ethology Cognitive Recognition Thinking Action Science Konrad Lorenz Science Jürgen Economics Gerald M. Systems Allen Newell Semiotic Habermas Paul Samuelson Weinberg Genetic Cognitive Philosophy Model Theory Umwelt Wholistic Biology Algorithms Psychology Mario Bunge Software Alfred Tarski New Criticism Jakob von Aaron Beck Barry Commoner Theory John Crowe Uexküll Ransom Structured Developmental Software Psychology Yourdon, Autopoietic Holonics Systems Constantine Linguistic Logic Jeffrey Algorithmic Humberto Species Cybernetics Techno- , DeMarco, Jerrold J. Katz Stamps Complexity Cognitive Maturana, Lotka & Voltarra Psychology Bifurcated Theory Linguistics Francisco Geological Cultures Group Conversation Perceptual G. Chaitin George Lakoff & Varela Control Tectonics Ecological C.P. Snow Dynamic Theory R.W. Langacker Psycho- Theory Cybernetics Gordon Pask Family Biology William T. Critical Theory of Control Systems Garrett Hardin Powers Society System Catastrophe General Semiotics Therapy Deconstructionism Max Horkheimer, Engineering Theory Thomas Sebeok Watzlewick Psycho- Jacques Derrida Theodor Adorno René Thom Narratology Earth as Organism Physics Modern Roland Barthes Vladimir Vernadsky Systems Engineering Statistics Social Social Jerzy Neyman Political Harold Chestnut, Psychology Psychology Holographic Andrew P. Sage Systemics Abraham Kurt Lewin Systems Anthony Wilden Maslow Karl Pribram Relativity of Problem- Artificial General Systems Rationalites Automata Sovling Psycholinguistics Intelligence Philosophy Feyerabend Living Systems Theory Nonlinear Applied Eco-pathology Earth as Ervin Laszlo Social Cybernetics James Grier Miller Marvin Minsky Systems General Semantics Rachel Carson Organism Geoffrey Vickers S.I. Hayakawa Yevgraf Second Order Mathematical Topology Econometrics Philosophy of Cybernetics Urban Korolenko Appreciative Systems Heinz von Foerster Interpersonal Numerical Ecology Philosophy of Control Theory Simulation Systems Archie Bahm Psychology Analysis Transformational Louis Wirth Behavioral Law Gregory Hans Kelsen R.D. Laing General Systems Analysis Linguistics Psychology Inquiring Systems Informatics Bateson Systems Arthur D. Hall, Information Naom Chomsky B.F. Skinner C. West Churchman Purposeful Systems Modeling (Computer Science Theory Van Court Hare Theory Russell L. Ackoff J.L. le Moigne & Engineering) Majilo L. Brillouin Viable Systems Mesarovic Linear & Stratificational Stafford Beer Tagmemics Critical Ontology Dynamic Programming Nonlinear Grammar Kenneth L. Pike Michel Foucault Richard Bellman Mathematics Sydney Lamb Immunization John Casti Jonas Salk Biosphere Ecodynamics Operating Systems Statistical Eduard Suess Kenneth Brooks et al Biology Intrinsic Boulding Linkage Calculus of Karl Pearson Uncertainty Systems Cybernetics Phonology Propositions Variations Heisenberg Literary Clinical W. Ross Ashby Criticism Philosophy Len Troncale Psychology Philosophy DNA I.A. Richards of Art and Topology of Operating Languages Standardized of Systems Directive Crick, Intuitionism Language Cybernetics Kenneth Iverson et al Linguistics Thomas Correlation Watson Operating L.E.J. Brouwer Susanne K. Warren C.K. Ogden Cowan Sommerhoff hardware Langer McCulloch Algorithms Morphology Sociological Blauw et al Ecology Systems Decision Donald Knuth Category Systems Anthropology Theory General Semantics Theory Walter Buckley Developmental Margaret Mead Game Saunders Fractal Systems Quantum Systems Alfred Korzybski, Geometrodynamics Structuralism Theory Semantic Theory Mac Lane Benoit Planck, Bohr, Rotational PERT Sructuralist Albert Einstein Jean Piaget Donald MacKay Mandelbrot de Broglie, Dirac, Invariance Mathematics Sociolinguistics Schrödinger Linguistic Science P.W. Bridgeman Delphi Geometric Bourbaki Leonard Bloomfield Programming Structuralism Queuing Utility Computational Claude Modern Mathematical Theory Economics Theory Information Encoding Linguistics Levi-Strauss Experimentalism Social Science Schemes Time John Maynard E.A. Singer Anatol Rapoport Theory Dilation Keynes Linear Claude R.W. 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Ackoff, Glossematics Ludwig Wittgenstein Psychology Cybernetics Durkheim Holism Thompson Molecular Stafford Beer Analytic Mechanics Louis Hjelmslev Carl Jung Jan Smuts Organizing relations Norbert Wiener Genetics Electronic Digital Systems Joseph-Louis Needham, Woodger Electromagnetic Applied Computing Analysis Lagrange Propagations Mathematics Eckert & Mauchly Heinrich Hertz Industrial Sociology John von Neumann Homeostatic Systems Logical Positivism G. Elton Mayo Algebraic Structuralist Systems & Metalogic Anthropological Walter Cannon Positivism Rudolf Carnap Functions Structural Linguistics Psychology Conceptualism Procedures Theory of Computation Alonzo Church Metalogic Analytic Functions Periodic Linguistics Josef Bernhard N.S. Trubetzkoy Edward Titchener Ernst Cassirer Historicism Alan M. Turing Kurt Gödel Riemann Leonhard Euler Table Edward Sapir Popper-Lynkeus Antisepsis Benedetto Croce Organicism Number Theory Dmitry Lister Organicism & Process Edward Stuart Russell G.H. Hardy Mendeleev Alfred North Whitehead Mathematical Logic Quaternions William Realism Bertrand Empirical Russell Hamilton Atomisitc Positivism & Mathematical G.E. Moore Linguistics Sociology Positivism Biology Metric Emergent Process Units Antoine Fabre Auguste Comte Evolutionary Ernst Mach A.J. Lotka d'Olivet Comparative Philosophy Samuel Alexander Measure Theory Scientific Management Dialectical Pan-ecology Anthropology Herbert Spencer Giuseppe Peano Frederick W. Taylor Naturalism John Muir Process Classical Physics Franz Boas Statistics Coherentism Friedrich Henri Colonial Electronic Digital Perturbation Bergson Hegemony Gestalt Karl Pearson Otto Neurath Engels Dialectical Psychology Prototype Theory British Empire Atanasoff & Berry Etymology Materialism Experimental Max Comparative Karl Marx Existentialism Wertheimer Ecological Projective Sturm- Mathematics of Jacob Grimm Psychology Psychological Linguistic Algebra of Logic Languages Martin Heidegger Evolution Geometry Louiville Feedback & Wilhelm Pragmatism Psychoanalysis Biostructures Ernst Schröder Ernst Haeckel Theory Electrodynamics Statistical William Jones Wundt Jacques Lacan Comparative Georg Cantor Political William James Sociological (chirality) James Mechanics Gestalt Psychology Louis Pasteur Clerk-Maxwell Ethnolinguistics Sociology Phenomenology J. Willard Psychology C. Lloyd Morgan Gibbs Wilhelm von Max Weber Max Scheler Humboldt Perspectivism Wolfgang Formalism Genetics Mathematical Logic Friedrich Nietzsche Köhler Tabulating Machine David Hilbert Empirical William Bateson Gottlob Frege Metaphysics Psychoanalysis Herman Hollerith Classical Sigmund Freud Conservation of matter Atomic Thermodynamics George Henry Competitive Tectonic Lewes Antoine Lavoisier Weights Clausius, Evolution Engineering Personalism Eugenics Symbolic Logic John Dalton Boltzmann Electromagnetism Thomas Huxley John Roebling Renouvier Francis George Boole Ampere, Kirchhoff, Faraday et al Will & Idea in Nature Eigenvalues & Arthur Schopenhauer Economic Programming Superposition Conventionalism Model Theory Cybernetics Dialectical Ada Lovelace Daniel Pragmatic Semiotics Bernouli Henri Poincaré Bernhard Conservation David Ricardo Idealism Charles S. Peirce Clinical Determinism Bolzano of Energy Critical Vorticles Nature Philosophy Georg Hegel Philosophy of Progressivism Natural Evolution Psychiatry Laplace Joule Empirical Phenomenology William History Benjamin Rush Symbolic Logic von Schelling Utilitarianism Condorcet Charles Darwin Analytical Engine Thomson Edmund Husserl Wilhelm Dilthey Linear Double J.S. Mill 1809-1881 Charles Babbage Augustus de Morgan Field Analysis Refraction Theory Dirichlet Augustin Inheritance Evariste Magnetism Gregor Mendel Methodized Group Theory Fresnel Materialism Galois Astronomical Gauss Imperial Evolution Encyclopedias Felix Klein Applied Conditional Denis Diderot Measurement Transcendentalism Hegemony Alfred Wallace Johann Probability Enlightenment Linear Pierre Mechain Formal Henry David Napoleon Heinrich Thomas Bayes Jean d'Alembert Analysis Regularity Thoreau Mathematical Programmable Loom Alsted J. Fourier Zhu Xi Utilitarianism Economics Joseph-Marie Jacquard Feedback governor Jeremy Bentham Antoine Cournot Moral Intentionality James Watt Philology, Linguistics Philosophy Franz Brentano & Grammar Friedrich Psychoanalysis Circulation Electrostatics Schiller Constitutional Instrumental Benjamin Franklin Pragmatism Demographic Josef Breuer William Harvey Rationality Linear Algebra Transcendentalism Cybernetics Biological James Madison Gradual Geological Peter Ramus Arithmometer Benjamin Peirce Ralph Waldo Evolutionary Thomas Malthus Evolution Mechanistic Evolution Charles de Colmar Classical Mathematics Emerson Organicism Jean Lamarck Physics Saint-Simon Charles Lyell Ethnolinguistics Empirical Isaac Newton Sensationalism Bio-Taxonomy Johann Herder Transcendental Human Science Determinism Etienne Condillac Carolus Linnaeus Structuralistic Idealism Giambattista Vico Voltaire Critical Transcendental Semiology Johann Fichte Ferdinand de Idealism Microbials Saussure Immanuel Kant von Leeuwenhoek Analytic Geometry Pendulum Clock & Heredity Wave Theory of Light Political Hegemony Pierre de Fermat P-L. de Maupertuis Frederick the Great Christiaan Huygens Philosophy of the Whole Geological Idealistic Liberalism Baruch Spinoza Superorganism Immaterial William Godwin James Hutton Meta-Skepicial Empiricism Empiricism George Mathematical Mechanical Calculator David Hume Berkeley Nominalism Wilhelm Schickard Probability Theory Polymath Physics Gottfried von Leibniz Algebra Cosmological Unity Mechanistic Materialism Blaise Pascal Robert Hooke Clinical Medicine Bhaskara Giordano Bruno Julien La Mettrie Thomas Sydenham Abstraction of Mathematical Physical Laws Physical Chemistry Economics Democratic Idealism Galileo Galilei Robert Boyle Vilfredo Pareto Formalized Classical Biology Thomas Jefferson Rationalistic Logic Dualism Number Theory Marin Mersenne René Descartes Mathematical Political Astronomy Romanticism J. 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