ECOLOGICAL INVENTORY OF HARBOR ISLAND CHIPPEWA COUNTY, MICHIGAN
For The. Nature Conservancy Midwest.Regional Office
William C. Scharf Northwestern Michigan College Traverse City, Michigan
Michael L. Chamberlin Interlochen Arts Academy Interlochen, Michigan
15 Septembei' 1978 Statement Of Ecological Significance Of Harbor Island /
Harbor Island is located at latitude I460 03' and longitude Q830 U6< in Potagannissing Bay north of Drummond Island, Chippewa County, Michigan.
With approximately 300 ha (750 A) of land mass it is the largest of some
50+ islands in the bay, and as such is a significant reservoir fo^ wildlife in the area (it is the only island known to support a deer population throughout the winter) and is most representative of the habitats, indigenous to the islands in this region of the U.S. Great Lakes, Harbor Island ' supports the major regional habitat types: mixed upland forest (pak-n>aple), . " '■ .■ A '■'* ■ V . ' l. , V : \ ■ V ;.■* 7|' •' ■ .‘1 ■ ■ '-f..-, mid-seral stage forest (aspen-ash-birch), boreal forest (cedar-balsam ifi,r), 4 ' "T v old field (grass-herb) and marsh (rush-pondweed). Excluded on Harbor'Island . ■■■-. : • . ';r ‘ y t \ X a* . are the sand beaches and low dunes found on the north shores of Lake Huron 1 ' ; ‘ i k 4 *. <•„? (■ along Michigan's upper peninsula. Having the highest elevatiorj (6§Q‘ ab?>ve sea level) of all the islands in the bay, Harbor Island supports the greatest- - ■" ■■ - . •■. :J'> :: " - growths of deciduous species such as oak and maple, thus providing another niche, exploitable by both breeding and migrating avian species, ’not;^va^xlable on many of the smaller adjacent islands, t » ■' , , 4';
Harbor Island almost completely landlocks the 60 ha (150 A) harbor • ’ - ■■■.- . * ,V ' < v: which so appropriately is .the island's ijamesake,. The unique fyarbof, isjLr' - 'f t, - - ' v "'- : '■ < ■' ' , ■ ■ • , s ' V : ■ v fjit V * *■'1/;- 11*.‘v. - ‘'S>%A^fy:k!;%.n' i f f - ^ ^ l ? ^ relatively immune from winds, except when out of a couple of deg^es 3SVJf s .. ■ ,, „ k The marshy shoreline of the harbor provides nesting habitat for the>Piec^ , - • , . ■ ' i % , ■' 1 • . - **#, <. billed Grebe, American Bittern, Black Tern, Long-billed Mgrsh Wrer* ar>d Re
; ■ : . • ? ■ . • '• ’i( • *••• .i . ■. ■ A'-i'-;i ■ v*-V V f 'r - f: •. ”* . . ‘ winged Blackbird and rearing habitat for broods of Mallards, Black Pucks, f ■ , Srv. . •'{ I' 1 Wood Ducks, Common Goldeneyes, and Red-breasted Mergansers. The sheltered harbor and calm waters are important as a refuge and feeding ground for the
Waders (e.g. herons) and the Ospreys, which heed shallow water and clear ,
I visibility for fishing. Four Great Blue Heron colonies are located within
18 km of the island. Thus the harbor is within foraging distances for some
2k 2 herons, from U.S. waters alone (1977 data -see W.C. Scharf, f^.L. Chamberlin
& G.W. Shugart. 1978* Colonial Birds Nesting On M^n-made And Natural Sites
In The U.S. Great Lakes. U.S. Army Engineers Waterways Experiment S^at-ion. - 1 • " : . ■ V -"H' V- ■ ';Ve^VrKv>,'V^V Vicksburg, Miss.), The significance of this uniquely protected marsbr4.?’ ''' ' 1 < ' U l.VV'^'V.-'V' t:h ■■:V'i vv greater due to the fact that all of the adjacent iglajids within'aVtwo-mile ■ 1 - ** k.A.’w, ‘ i, f' 1 ‘i 'i \lfi9,'J radius have rocky and deep g ho re lings essentially devoid 'of, marsh*ivp^et|.t-ic|n.
The east shore of the bay along Drummondlsland i^ alsp jpa^shy hqw^ver ^ejre ' the presence of resort complexes and fishermen is a continual squrce of ; " .■■ <- v^^'V:;fev!v , disturbance and recreational ^nd residential developement^‘is1 increasing," i • . > .■■■.'■ .. v-- ’ -s^v.v v-: .vv* :.:v' \ ■ Currently all of the adjacent islands are privately owned. VMany hav^'a summer residence on them or, given the'current trepd, in a,ll pr I'!-,■ ' ' ‘ ‘'■'■ =■ 'i ■: ; ' .. ' ; . <■;'vM i^' :’^-V 'r soon will. The significance of Harbor Island as 3' reserve tpf fl’opst,''*' ' ' : : ';'V V .. ' ' ; i'.}'■’■■ jJ1''-: ' '' !'V’: ■ ( 123 species) and fauna (1^6 specios) indigenqus to this regioi?r'iiiil. of ;' V " * * l'»>‘ »* 'lit 1 \ ‘ * course take onv an ever irxcreasing significance as the other l^J-ahcijj fire/ developed# ■
Bald Eagles;, psprey ani $ v e \ i gld^Jerons ^hlve "{trabiiionill||^^^ ^ m the bay. Harbor Island oif.ers sux,table habitat f o r (these braediftg species.
Mrs* Ken Payirient of Drummond ‘loc^tQ^ a ^ r g e raptor r*t^o !■
V ■ . ■ • ' - ' '■ ; '> - ■..<■> fs, ,v> ', -yV-i . *1 -;•* *•. ■ .■ ,, • which she believed to be an eaglet nest'(although it was tnore ,likely , 1
. . ■> ‘w ■ ’ i 11 *■ » ’i H ’"' "'Avv,i- ' Osprey nest)We were unable to relocate the pest during either our ground searches or an aerial search by helicopter. The continuous presence of / , 1 * , 1 - ‘s ' ' I ^ ‘ ’ f [ , / I ' tl i ^ 1 , Black-crowned Night Herons on the island for the past several summers ,/ s v f,'i \t . t *) j '► -i 5 \ p'-l*; $ 2 ’ 'V suggests a possible northern extension of this species* breeding r^ii^e.
Colonization by this species may well occur in the region withi'n the near
•' .•■"■'•. v . ''' ' ! ; vV..’ V-'"-' V 'Ty^r '' V- V';l •/,“ 2 I c w .- i o o m
Harbor Island* Chippewa Co*, Michigan
Stippled area- Mixed upland tor erst ■ i oaki maple, pine) DasrtfHl J in»'-a Old fit:Id (gras3~horb) < 4 8ymbo1 s4- Ma,rsh ,( ruah-pondword),»/ . «, < , ‘* \ , y,*tf. r bpwn-- 'fcrtt'f, lntor/tracUn*; vfitji Jt^icTSe^al forest Number\Tc*rnaxmai 11 tra|? liWs^i ’ t (birch f^aahf espen) Harbor Lsl'uiri, ^bippqwa Michgjan contours = 20 ft. Bird List
The following species list was compiled from observations during ;i ■-JjV'- , 1 : . ; V'- t ■■ V. -.^v^'V-v ■ v'.,x\ ;-v '<}■ ■ ;vy -v ^ V 1 v':i,i!' , '.:.C ^ r intensive ground searches throughout the island's habitats and from landing 4 "
: ' ; ' i ■* .' .f 1 f| ‘.j , :V-Vv'- V* * : \ * #• v •;* <»■k ■.V Iv**‘M? - L b1' t'‘ operations conducted during 1-3 and 10-13 Septe^t*^ 1978» Four standard*. • -
12-foot, u-panel nylon mo,s^ nets were sqt.pn the,islg$d (IpcatS-pns aregiyen - /
on the map). A total of, 51 iridivi^als,pf 26 species'y&vq bonded«';i'Alsp‘tvi , , , V* i ‘ * V* u i n 'v ‘V- ■* included in the inventory-are species,observed on the island by^QhOTberli.n ‘' '; ' ‘ • ,, ,; •-<; ' M i during annual spring/summer visits;fitom(i?72~7qt *. flaring 1979^77 thpl i3l^tnd >* > ,* •: : ;..<;" * was visited by Chamberlin as part of a colonial bird surveytheGreat of
.-, v .,y ■, «v, ‘ *«*• *■-(,< • v■'V&W*<-> -s ■ \ ‘*,i\‘ih’r V '•’ ' . . Lakes (Scharf, Chamberlin & Shugart 19 7B )* .■ Additional observations during ;.t,
1965-78 made b y Louis Benuaj' ?e^son^l re^ifSerit to "ad j agent, Ba^/X^leri^ ^a v Q ’ .-■' - v :i-:' V ^ S ■;■;?■. ■: also been incorporated. This inventory sets Harbor Island'§ (avifauna at"^ ‘
minimum of .123 s p e c l ^ s ^ - W v ' ^ ".•; '
B- Known Breeder, ’'V* 1 . ,;si;lf* O^aerv^d‘1^3;^ 10-13 Sept.’J1970.Wf'V,-, ,: b« Probable Breeder' l-\ 1''^ Obsgsfyigfl ^ ' I h ^ m b e r ^ i H V 1'^''. *’
* » On Michigan Threa^eped ^ p W ^ a ' ; • : : ■ ■.: ■ ? ;-t > ;:S1f|lp|illWi!|M ..■:, , >’ .^^ikAAM, ,i< *t*.v'*H » * N « r b . v : W - ,,V- :> %'■ r jfi ' ' S' Redrrtectced,; prebe • (I, . ' ^ l ^ ^ f ;| rl 4' Gfa,t Blue Herqpv, 12^, Blac^crowned Night HerQnP^gAi (^npr^fisxog^y^oimtipn ' American Bittern .' 1 \4,;| Sif'," -t t ’.{^ *(. ■. ', Canada^Goose '•-* ■ > ‘ 'h ''I? !';i ‘ /' v v •- Halliid.it:. :■; ' ' •' “B 'j i V ' >' /. ■’ , Blac(c m c k .jfljt , Vjj. I. M - ' V o .. " Qreenryjxnged’',Teal' V 1 X % /. - I Blue-winged Te^l ' „ ,.V X 31 ^,’^ *. \'j[h 1 •-'*■'/' • Wood puck I , ■ (V. ;•' %2 ,. 't « ■ , Lesser Scaup ^ I;.. > ’ M , 2 •,, '-' > ■, ’■' * », ■■■■:. .. ..-Greater- S c t v - !.i t . v - vsl 1 ■ -■ ^;' > , ;* >’ 'f’L' ‘ '.yj ’ v i ;'’*'i 1 ' * t 1' :'i'Afy ' ' ' , \ i .'•■-‘,1; 'l-i' . . Common Goldeneye B 12 Bufflehead M3 Oldsquaw M2 White-winged Scoter M 2 Surf Scoter M3 Hooded Merganser X 3 Common Merganser X 3 , . Red-breasted Merganser B 12 ’ Goshawk j ■ b 1 ■ ? ^Cooper's Hawk' 1 b 12 , ' Sharp-shinned Hawk b 12 , 1 . Broad-winge^ Hawk' b 12 ' . «*Bald Eagle , ■ t , F 3, (believed to. still*breed , r :V^vv:,v.;:v-V.,V : ■ f a r r i e r . iiOsprey/ *' .. ... P ^123 (breedsoh adj', inland?) . 'Ruffed;vGr;k>iise:;; X " . S-aupi ■„. White^rumped;.‘Sanc^i^ery?'#7^^ ■''■>. Herring 55u3L3,|^g;% ;f;;r ,. ■; _:Riug-^bill-e^"’pxiXX n Bonaparte j g Gu^l; / f j.. #' & • ^ ^ . ; Common : j ' ♦Caspian -Tern 7 i ' . >. • Black ^ # woodcock,^*i , V ' ' $ fc4/v,i:i:" ; .. ■■ * • Black-fyil^ed Cuckoo ; B ,/g ;‘ $V - J "'J :'' ■ ,> ■> Great, ft ';' ' Barred: PwIrV^^^;;^:| W 0 M 0 ' k k i ^ t i ’^ :-'.'r- M '. ■',> ■ Hawk.; Q w l . ^ ?V:v^YS-:1: v3;V* ^ -"t^ 7';;^ \ ■;"> .Whip-pporrwill^lf/f'f.::^ ::':-'v' . "' Common r'■ ' ' . - Ruby-throated ,Hunu»hg.-*V|^ Belted Kingfisher, f — X 1^ ■ , ; • ■' , C6knohjlicker;,fiff^ ■ /.V Pileated Woodpecker, <•• - B 12 ■’ ', , Red-bellied WoodpeckerjA b 3^ Yellow -bellied, Sapsucker b J.2 • , ' . > ’ Hairy Woodpecker ij 12 Downy Woodpecker ' b 12 •■ ’ !'. ;; >;;'/*>■ r\ -■' ^.^''/v1-*-:/-'-'■■■■t-i'.\: ' ’■■ ''j! ' '' . - ■ ■. 7 - v - ■ 7 .v ^ l: ^■::;f:^J-v y . v.; ■ > • ■■ ,■ ■.. ■ ,.■■■■. ... . vV •'/.••■'■-■:>■* t-. r-:..:::■;; - -"/S-.-! ; i:.'., Ai..: <;::-.K .<•<:■■ .■■■■*■,•• . Northern Three-toed Woodpecker X 3 Great Crested Flycatcher b 2 Eastern Wood Pewee b 2 Tree Swallow ' b 2 Barn Swallow ' X 2 Cliff Swallow X 3 Purple Martin X 3 Blue Jay ’ b 12 Raven b 12 Common Crow , b 12 Black-capped Chickadee b 12 Red-breasted tiuthatch , b 12 Brown.Creeper, • j b 12 ' House Wren , * b 1 1 vWinti?}?:' ■ ; !;'■ ■ Long-billed Marsh Wren' B 2 V", * Robin ' B 12 ' Hermit Thrush ' > ’ b I'1 Swainson1 s Thrush . B 2-' Gray-cheeked Thresh-' £ 1 i ‘ ' Veery . , >' B • 2 Cedar Wax^ing ’ > * b 12, ; Starling . ( '* , * • ' b 2 !, ; - SoXi ■ v vv Tg>" ; V Red-eyed Vireo ' ' , . ' B ( 12 ' \ Black-and-white Warbler, }>,' 12/' , Tennessee ’ Warbler , b’ '1' // , Nashvil]^ Warbler , b . 1J2 ’ ’ V : Parula Warbler •’; '•> ' b » 2,f ’ > •' Yellow,Warbler' y- ^ y Magnolia Warbler v y U'jb,' 12 .Vy> , y.BlaQk~thrope$rBlM^ ' v Yellow-rumpe ■ -y ' Blackrt ; : v; - ■ ,:;\ Chestnut-s ■ y ■ Bay "*breas t^<^, jjrb^js Blackpoll Wapbler , *’ . 9'/enbird y| Common,Yellowthro^t / -1}/'’}£,> \ , 7 Wilspnls. Wa r b l e ^ American Redstart „ B J.2 ■ 4 ;; Scarlet^T^agep||;li|'' X ; .'^'y^f^y Red-winged, Blackbird ' B g y Brown-headed .Cqwbird ; , b 2 ‘ - Searches of the various vegetational habitats of Harbp'r Island., wer# 1 ' •' ■' ' • ' : ■!' ; - r 'y t ■ v . 'i'\ -‘I."?-' i ■' '■ ■ .» V 't f : :'j.j ;. Y.v ‘. *A' ■■ • ► ^ i : p ; v ' i h • * • •• ' ' - ' conducted on 1-3 September and 10-13 September, 197o during which’th£"following list of plant species was identified,' It is likely that springrflpwering \ ' " ■■ ' - Ip1 Y-; 'v^-^ 1 ? V ■ species were missed because Vney ’a£e 'inconspicuous at that time'-of'year. In most cases the taxonomy of the plant species refers to Iielen^y.'^fnith, 1 v Michigan Wildflowers, I.96I , Cranbrook Inst. Sci., Bloomfield Hj^lls, '■* h 6 3 p. for herbaceous terrestrial species; N, C. Faesvtt,. A, .Manual' of , ».■ > , ' . '.. .:■ ' ^ ^ :V;:-;i " . Aquatic Plants, 1957, University of Wisconsin Press, Madison* ^05 for — ------— ------. . • ■• .■ •. aquatic species; C, Billington, Ferns of Michigan,- Uifanbrook Itist.-j-Spifj . 1 ' !’■'• V'.;v.d'‘ .J. v- :' .» ■ ■ » H'jl'i'.iitMfyi’c . ‘ . Bloomfield Hills. Mich. S^+Op. for ferns; C. Billingtpni ‘Shrubs^of'Michigan,,19^9 ■: ■■ '• •■'■■ -'"v V:">"' -:■-v-'i':>-,• r ■ 7--■ : 31 . Cranbrook Inst. Sci., Bloomfield Hills, Michi'v 339p.'fp^*.sh^u^i^ajlA G y £>tis, ■ •! •«/■.,>/ n* '.“ K rn-Vs ' Michigan Trees, 1913, Univ. Mich...Press,'Ann Arbor, 362p.‘,?or 'teF^V!/ t 1 ^ ■ . - . Ferns ■ .. .-;r^ ,: -i ' W : . v .'■ '0A M ■ ; ' ' 'r--'‘ N. Oak Fern, Dryppteris 'robertiafla 'A:,, • , • > : j!v ' Long Beech - Fern, Dr.yopteris ph^g8.pt:eris7;;K.-i&7 ^r'.^.:.^07;yy|7i^fe^s^ v;.:.7 * ; Oak .'Fern, :CrIo£leris^ .di|4w^;|||:g Cut-leaved Hattlesnake^ Fera Botrichium virginianum ,"5/^.*,' ;!’k' j ■' • Dry Spinulosa, Pryo^tQriaysbinttlosIt^ ^ S f M ■ ;■: .Wood . Ferii, /Dryopteris j!ma r i ^ l n a l i s ^||;'a^;^*;|7?^r;: - ■ "V- f, ;• . ,'■■ ’ Oak Bracken, Pteridium aquilihiurrj i, ^ . /'■' ' ■'. k,‘ . f , Pol'jjody, Polypodium virginisihum , • , ‘ 4>/’ 1 ■ \ '>'»■1 Lycopodium, Lycopodium companulaturn t < ’ '* '' '',f ,’t Dwarf Scouring‘-Ru^h, Ecjujsetum scirpoides , “ ‘ • '^'r i * , , . ' V" . ; ,V; :'m ' ' ;'i i'. ^ ‘ . . : • . ■ :V ■■ 1 • • •!., ■.• ' ■ ■’■ •■■ ■-.i.•■■ v. ■■1 '■ •■:■■ v, , ’-'V-■-j ; ;:.U' «•■>• t:;,■ M i .;. V'v v v :L , ; ■ •:.. ..,; Trees Black Spruce, Picea mariana White Spruce, P. canadensis Balsam Fir, Abies balsamea White Cedar, Thuja occidentalis White Pine, Pinus strobus Red Pine, P» resinosa . Tamarack, Larix larcina Hemlock, Tsuga canadensis Red Oak, Ouercus rubra Balsam Poplar, Populus balsamifera Trembling Aspen, P* tremuliodes ; Sugar Maple, -Acer saccharum Red Maple, A, rubrum Moosewood, A., pennsylvanicum White Ash, Fraxinus americana Black Ash, Fraxinus nigra Ironwood, Qstrya virginiana Elm, Ulmus americana Rock Elm, Ulmus thomasi , . Apple, Pyrus malvus „ f . White Birch, Betula papyrifera Choke Cherry, Prunus virginiana Shrubs . Bittersweet, Celastrus scandens i , Horizontal Juniper, Junlperus horizontalis Buffalo Berry, Shepherdia canadensis v: Sweet Gale, Myrica g a l e ;-:r7':: Staghorn Sumac, . Rhus•typhina; Poison Ivy, Rhus rad leans ; Alder, probably Alnus rugosa Red Elder, Sambucus pubens ; Wild Grape, Vitis riparia . Herbs .. Cattails / ; / ' Wide Cattail, Typha latifolia Pond Weeds Potamogeton natans zosteriformis P* pectinatus Rushes 3-square Rush, ocirpus fluviatilis Bull Rush, 3, acutus Several Scirpus sp# ii Grasses Canada Dluegrass, Poa canadensis Matfsh Grassf Glyceria grandis Quack Grass/ Agropyron repens Timothy, Phleum praetense Giant Reed, Phragmites communis Arums , . Sweetflag, Acorus calamus Pickerelweeds v. Pickerelweed,•Pontedaria cordate Lilies - ^ ;; J ■, ; v ‘:"- Canada lily, Mianthemum canadense . Rosy Twisted-Stalk, Streptopus roseus Orchids ■ /I; V; *Giant Rattlesnake plantain, Goodyera oblongifolia ♦Checkered Rattlesnake plantain, G, tegselata ♦Striped Coral Root, Corallorhiza striata 1 *Ramshead Orchid, Cypridedium arietinum 4 - \ \ found on Bald Island by Louis Benua; on Michigan threatened list Buttercups A ‘ * Long headed Thimbleweed, Andnome cylindrica Gold Thread, Coptis groenlandica Early Meadow Rue, Thallictrum dioicum Kidney Leaf Buttercup, Ranunculus abortivus ■ Lobelias , ^ , , * Great Blue Lobelia, Lobelia siphilitica ; Brook Lobelia, L. Kalmii \ , , • < ’Z4, Pale Spike Lobelia, L« spicata ‘ * ( , - Scrophs ' ’ . Figwort, Scrophularia lanceolata , , / t -< / p > t ' > Mullein, Verbascum thapsus ■ 1 , ! * ' Purple Gerardia, Gerardia paupercula . . /' ^ •’ \ < Madders ..." " : W* V' ?v\/ ’ ' Sweet Scented Bedstr^w, Galium triflorum ' , Northern Bedstraw, S. Boreale Rough Bedstraw, G , asperelle Rosaceae : ■... ■ • . 1 - / ’ Raspberry, Rubus idaeus , Silverweed, Potent ilia anserina. Rough Cinquefoil, p» recta , ' ’ * , Strawberry, Fragaria virginiana • ’ Wood Strawberry, F« vesca Swamp rose, Rosa palustris * protected species ■ ^ : 12 Umbels ' ■ ■■ ■ ... Sweet Cicely, Ostnorhiza claytoni no common Gicuta bulbifera ' Milkweeds , • ! , ‘ •, ‘ Swamp Milkweed, Asclepias' incarnata , ' ' ’ Comnjon Mi^kwee$, A. syriaca , . ,, ^ ^ \ ■ ’ •• '■■■•=.: >v.-4.-' ' *' ’ ^ ■" :I : ^ ^ *• ' \yi ^ ■'SV, /VV'.'-W ' ■ V ' y ■ ' ^ V- ’ -v^ ">*?•■;& V v'!*•i1'!' ■■■■' Nettles ’ ; ’ ii; ..::VVf^V'-\ Comrpon Nettle, Urtica dioica V ' | ‘ ' , ' . . ' ' <' ■ no common Pilea font ana s - f \,yf ” t?-vJ * Mints ;=s: Wild Basil,' Satureja ^vuIffgOris’';-^^^ 1 Heal-all. Prunella vulgar is -;y ^ Catnip, Nepeta cataria : :"-■ Waterhorehound,'" Lycopis virgfinicus ;: Vv:?f ; ’.<■ ". " ■ ,' 4i n;w ■.'" ''M' -V.'Sj'.-'■ ^ ^ Gooseberries -i.’1 ^ ^ ^ Gooseberry, Ribes sp.' ,, ‘ ■■ :?;i.:.^ ^ V ' ^ ;f ??.n^. Naked mit0rwortV'’.Mitella ‘■: '^L ■'■ ■ 1.,-;. '■ lJ''T''*-iiZ^m:fl };-^V:V ■ : tv: ■■ ;:^=iv;^>v Vv,c,--;-..-r jv'V :V ■ Sheep Sorrel.,. Rumex ■»cetp9yXl^Mg;-j:^^ Water Dock, R. orbiculatus';.^'g|f';;:-wf'!^:;;;S,Vl;4:;;%i»^^«V.,V:|||^fe^ Northern white violet, Viola ' VV'tiVr7^^-;w^%II; Dog Violet, \V. Downy Yellow. Violet . .^Vii-pub^gcehaiV V • Large Leaf-Violet;;::^ Pearly EverlastlhK^jAnaphallpltergaritacea Ox Eye 'Daisy,vii6li'dpsls':iaeli'a]rithoide -y-^ ' Yarroy Goats :|e^r|.^SSSaE^r22^|ISv# : ' ■ King Devil,' Hierackm florentinum - v"‘ ■'! ■ . Orange; Hawkweed, H , aurent iacum 1 '■ . . ■ ‘ ^ ^•-fev.'^:^ ' Flea Bane, Erigeron ph'iladetphicus Huron Tansy,;-l'anacetum:,..hurQhenge^/j;^-|"i^;f;Mf!f|i^|||^|i?fepl^|^ Bon e s e t ,... Eupatorium';;p|rfoliatum^: .’ ■' Bidens, Bidens cernua V.':;:v^ [JMr^ Bui'd6ck*-,:Arotiwm:Mirms Canada Thistle; Cirsium arvense V; - T;1;; ^ S' ft 7 fl: :• ¥> i; t l-tf;! ^ ft ^. Bull Thistle, C.;;.vul^are.;;:;,fiN-:|ViMfl^ Spotted Starthiatle, Centaurea mac\^L : v - : ■ ■■ ■ v. ■ - - ^ 1 ‘ fi ’ ^ K > ■;" 7;^:/,.:,:. ■ :v; \. v v. ^■■■■ ■'■; - ‘ -Vv ='.V>i -.:. .• : .;..: •;; ..V ^-vv.r3U;V: ,- :^vv;, : 1 - . . . ..v h , Composites (cont.) Corrimon Dandelion, T. officinale Cats Ear, Hypochoeris radicata New England Aster, Aster novae-Angliae Willow Aster, A. prealtus Goldenrod, Solidago ulmifolia >■ Goldenrod, S, erecta Others ♦Fringed Gentian,'Gentian crinita Herb Robert, Geranium robertianum Hounds Tongue, Cynoglossum officinale Twin Flower, Linnea borealis Ground Cherry, Physalis heterophylla Buncjhberry, Cornus canadensis 1 St. John's Wort, Hypericum punctatum Vervain, Verbena hastata Evening Primrose, Oenothera biennis Squaw Hoot, Conophilis americana■ 3 V 14 Mammal 'S^eci es List Eleven snap trapping lines (see map) were made of varying lengths 1 } ’ ' ' ’* > ’ A ' ' *■ , , » * /<■?*’» 1 k for 5 nights (1,2 and 30,11,12 September, 197^) in varying habitat?,'for a total of 362 trap nights. Traps were spaced at 1*+ 'yard, iqt^rvalsf "• • • • , • Y v. ■ •' ■■ •':'! ' '■■■?' :• »’ >■ ' k <• ■ . : i] ■’'S 3• 1 ii&'iVfc n^1 ■ ■./ ••. * according to the method described by 4. L# Smith, hbology .and Fieldj^iology,1966« 1 * l» " 'r z " 5 * ‘"if * Harper and .Row, New York, p# 655, ann 66 traps sarnplecj acr^./^There > J were 3*+ Peromyscus maniculatua gracilis trapped and on£ (/vlethrionomy^ ' ffapperi » 1 ’ • l» ' I >f' 1 4* V * 7 * * Estimates of 6.5 Pyrotpyscus per acre reveal a very,high ‘pppula^iopjof this species* ihis is especially surprising, because trapping cqr\ait^$ns*werj& sub-optimum due to heavy rain and vfind each night we trapped, , 7 ' :S . - ' :.'. Other inclusions on the piaromal list,,corn§, from thei o^sery^txqpslpf,, f) tracks, scats, and papture of bats itj mi^t* nets. \ of| #Te ■ ‘ : 7 , ^ H ■■ -■ 7 noted to be from the lipt of ^r.'.Loui? Renua, Cplokibus Oh.iQ >dj^icept Bald Island. ‘;. :, ';7 'v7 Hsaffiia7:ic'V7;:'fp|«i;7^ftj||^ - ■ : ■>; vv r■ > : ■ Little ^rown Bat1,1 M^o U s lucii^gus^caugh^^n^mkt1 '■ Red Bat, La3^rus,bqi>ealia7|seeli7fl^iMa§EV'^.^^13||i|M ■ ■■ 7 Woodland Deer, H o u s e Peromyscus;mamculatus’gracilxs' ,'3‘Vl i'; «‘ Hed-backed Vole, Clethrionomya gappcri ,■■ .tytyh ?V' .-1' ■ Beaver, Castor fcahadeiisls7:a,7larse7Pop^ftatl%7'fye0^i’l! # ^ | j # M f e : ' . ■.■'.■•;.' 7 Red • Squirrel yi'TamiasclurUs .'ItutkiBonicus - 7g4y;fcra377Bse&;M%^ " 7 ' if ' • u ‘ 1 1 ” * s,'>'’ .* « > > » ) v ,1 *r . 1 r 1 ,^KV.'V J'ifJ1 **“• <» Varying riare, Lepus ameno.mus * many droppings seen* iVs'i '»fj ’i-.fj; *.; ', ■ -i ?■ t , jf' ,*■ ' '^.- V:; 4'* rf j ■' ::■ .‘^'v’:.^ . ’:^4 ■ ..v•'’*• ; V ^ < - ’ "*: j ■■ V4' '■ ‘ :'■■ IVhite-tailed Deer, Odecoileus virgin Lanus Heavy, browsing, jn^oiy tracks and Coyote, Canis latrans tracks, sefn oni beaches ,/, $ / $ ■ , \f< > '$> i Red Fox, Vul))es vulpes re})orted tjy kr. Louis Benu.iJ'a^'d s^en by Chamberlin. Bobcat, Lynx rufus seen on ^ald • Island \>y Loui| l^enuai;;''4jV1,,; ' ,"’ u < , Lynx, Lynx canadensis reported "froiri Bald. Island< 18 ’JuiLy ‘-1 9 7 5 \l>Louis Benua. Bear, f a a l S l l - reported^rom Bald Island, S e ^ tpwinjimin|, Louis Benua. Raccoon', Procyon lotor one reported from Bald) fslandj jJug^ip.Berjua. ^ Otter, Lutra ca ladensis reporl^eclly seen on, Bald, Islan^y'Loui's Benua. Mink, Must el a vison tracks «$en on Harbor Islanql. ’!h ■ " "' ";• 'I'-"'"" .7' ,■? ^ ^ ■ 7. MvV _V v? -i i / ^ k ? ' 7'V , +.’..j: *.■-.■■ ,-»;'v '. ■'*/.7-.‘ 7 v 7 .-■■ -y-7 : ■V-S; . ' 1-5 7''7, 7: 7^ : 7'\ V:-'■ :'7\7/77;' 71 ■•., : 7;:'.''7 ■ ' * ...... • ■. . ■ Reptile and Amphibian Species List All appropriate hiding places and marshes were searched, ,and the following species were found on Harbor Island* 1 p. Snakes Water Snake, ^atrix sipedon Ring -necked Snake Diadophis punctntus Garter Snake, Tharanophis sirta.l is Amphibians Spring Peeper, Hyla crucifer Wood Frog, Rana sylvatica American Toad, Bufo torrestris americanus Spotted Salamander, Ambystoma maculatum 16 Acknowledgements The authors acknowlege the help and assistance of the following persons, Ms June Mason spent time helping in the work on the island, and confirmed the identity of many plant species, found several new ones, and produced the list of ferns* Mr* Steve Westphal and iiirik W* Scharf aided in many ways, but especially with the mist nets, and. mammal trapping* ulrik W* Scharf found the Garter Snake. Mr* Louis and Mrs* Betty-Benua of Columbus, Ohio and Bald Island, Chippewa Co./ Michigan gave freely of their list of ; species, provided us with a helicopter aerial view of Harbor Island, and were graciously hospitable during our yi^it#( Ms* Gail L* Schajpjf kindly ; : v;I; ' V;., >; r .■ -• A- ::-p.. ‘ :l'v:v : ' : helped with the typing* ( ' ' { ' - < * « 1,7