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Selige Stunde Conciertopor Organizado Programa
BIOGRAFÍAS JONAS KAUFMANN TENOR Este tenor alemán estudió en la Academia de Música de Múnich y asistió a clases magistrales de Hans Hotter, James King y Josef Metternich. Tras sus inicios en la Staatsoper de Saarbrücken, se trasladó en 2001 a Zúrich, aunque su salto a la primera línea internacional se produjo en 2006 tras su debut como Alfredo TEMPORADA 2020-2021 de La traviata en la Metropolitan Opera House de Nueva York. Además de su extenso catálogo discográfico publicado por Sony Music Entertainment, como muestra de su versatilidad en los repertorios italiano, francés y alemán, ha cantado el rol titular © GREGOR HOHENBERG-SONY CLASSICAL HOHENBERG-SONY GREGOR © de Werther en París y Viena, Cavaradossi de Tosca en Londres, Nueva York y Milán y Tamino de Die Zauberflöte en Múnich, el rol titular de Lohengrin en el Festival de Bayreuth y Bacchus de Ariadne auf Naxos en el Festival de Salzburgo. Como cantante de recital, ha actuado junto al pianista Helmut Deutsch en los escenarios más importantes. En 2011 fue nombrado Chevalier de l’Ordre de l’Art et des Lettres. Recientemente ha cantado Florestan de Fidelio en la Royal Opera House de Londres, el rol titular de Don Carlos en la Staatsoper de Viena, Radamès de Aida en el Teatro alla Scala de Milán, Siegmund de Die Walküre en la Opéra National de París. En el Teatro Real ha cantado en La clemenza di Tito (1999) y en un recital junto al director Jochen Rieder y la Orquesta Titular del Teatro Real (2018). www.jonaskaufmann.com HELMUT DEUTSCH PIANISTA Nacido en Viena, este pianista austríaco estudió en el conservatorio, la academia de música y la universidad de su ciudad natal, recibió el Premio de Composición Ciudad de Viena y se convirtió en profesor a los veinticuatro años. -
XXV CICLO DE LIED Recital 5 | TEATRO DE LA ZARZUELA | LUNES 28/01/19 20:00H
Centro 25 AÑOS LIED EN Nacional MADRID de Difusión 1994-2019 Musical XXV CICLO DE LIED rECItaL 5 | TEATRO DE LA ZARZUELA | LUNES 28/01/19 20:00h ADRIANNE PIECZONKA SOPRANO WOLFRAM RIEGER PIANO Centro 25 AÑOS Nacional LIED EN de Difusión MADRID Musical LICEO DE CÁMARA XXI 1994-2019 AUDITORIO NACIONAL DE MÚSICA | Sala de Cámara 19:30h ÚLTIMAS 09/02/19 | CUARTETO QUIROGA | JÖRG WIDMANN CLarINEtE LOCALIDADES B. Bartók, P. Eötvös y C. M. von Weber A LA VENTA 14/02/19 | LIZA FERSCHTMAN VIOLíN LOCALIDADES ISTVÁN VÁRDAI violonchelo | ELISABETH LEONSKAJA PIaNO AGOTADAS F. Schubert 28/02/19 | CUARTETO BELCEA | PIOTR ANDERSZEWSKI PIaNO ÚLTIMAS LOCALIDADES J. S. Bach: El clave bien temperado (selección) A LA VENTA L. van Beethoven y D. Shostakóvich 07/03/19 | FRANK PETER ZIMMERMANN VIOLíN LOCALIDADES MARTIN HELMCHEN PIaNO AGOTADAS XXV CICLO DE LIED Integral de las sonatas para violín y piano de Beethoven (II) rECItaL 5 | TEATRO DE LA ZARZUELA | LUNES 28/01/19 20:00h SOPRANO 14/03/19 | DANIEL SEPEC VIOLíN | TABEA ZIMMERMANN VIOLa ÚLTIMAS ADRIANNE PIECZONKA JEAN-GUIHEN QUEYRAS violonchelo LOCALIDADES A LA VENTA L. van Beethoven, W. a. Mozart y S. Veress WOLFRAM RIEGER PIANO 04/04/19 | CUARTETO SIGNUM | JUDITH JÁUREGUI PIaNO D. Shostakóvich y M. Weinberg ÚLTIMAS 11/04/19 | FABIO BIONDI VIOLíN | JUAN PÉREZ FLORISTÁN PIaNO LOCALIDADES A LA VENTA W. a. Mozart, F. Schubert y F. J. haydn CONCIERTO EXTRAORDINARIO 21/05/19 | Cuarteto CASALS | MENAHEM Pressler PIaNO D. Shostakóvich ENTRADAS Público general: 10€ - 20€ www.cndm.mcu.es síguenos en Último Minuto*: -
Gustav Mahler Symphonie Nr
Markus Stenz Gürzenich-Orchester Köln Gustav Mahler Symphonie Nr. 9 Symphonie Nr. 10 Adagio v Gustav Mahler Symphonie Nr. 9 in D-Dur CD 1 [ 01] I. Andante comodo 26:48 [ 02] II. Im Tempo eines gemächlichen Ländlers 14:51 [ 03] III. Rondo-Burleske 12:36 [ 04] IV. Adagio 23:53 total 78:12 CD 2 Symphonie Nr. 10 in Fis-Dur [ 01] Adagio 23:19 total 23:21 Markus Stenz Gürzenich-Orchester Köln 3 Auf dem Weg zur »Neuen Musik« Gustav Mahler: Sinfonien Nr. 9 und Wohl aber wusste Mahler, als er Nr. 10 (Adagio) seine Neunte schrieb, dass ihm wegen seines Herzleidens nicht mehr viel Die einstigen abergläubischen Vorstel- Zeit bleiben würde, und so hat diese lungen über die Unüberschreitbarkeit Sinfonie nicht nur den retrospektiven der Neunzahl bei Sinfonien erscheint Charakter eines resümierenden Rück- uns heute nicht nur als unangebrachte blicks, sondern auch den visionären Spekulation, sie wird, gerade bei Charakter eines Werkes, das auf keine Gustav Mahler, durch die unvoreinge- Konventionen mehr Rücksicht neh- nommene Betrachtung der Zeugnisse men muss; es stößt in Klangwelten und seines Charakters vollends un- vor, die damals wahrhaft unerhört wa- wahrscheinlich. Es erscheint keines- ren und in vielem die »Neue Musik« wegs unpassend, in Mahlers angebli- vorausahnen ließen. cher Furcht vor der Sinfonie Nummer Zwar scheint Mahlers Neunte in ih- Neun, die einst bei Ludwig van Beet- rer Viersätzigkeit eine traditionelle hoven den Schlusspunkt von dessen Form fortzuführen, doch ist die Anord- sinfonischem Œuvre bedeutete, ledig- nung völlig anders als etwa bei Beet- lich eine Eulenspiegelei zu sehen, hoven oder Johannes Brahms: zwei denn er liebte es durchaus, seine Mit- eher langsame Sätze umrahmen zwei menschen zu foppen. -
Radio 3 Listings for 6 – 12 October 2018 Page 1
Radio 3 Listings for 6 – 12 October 2018 Page 1 of 20 SATURDAY 06 OCTOBER 2018 Noveletta Op.82 No.2 for orchestra Oslo Philharmonic Orchestra, Nello Santi (Conductor) SAT 01:00 Through the Night (m0000kym) Unfinished business 05:16 AM BBC Scottish Symphony Orchestra and Thomas Dausgaard play Georg Friedrich Händel (1685-1759) Schubert's Unfinished Symphony (No.8) and Mahler's 10th Concerto grosso in A minor, Op 6 no 4 (HWV 322) Symphony. Catriona Young Presents. Accademia Bizantina, Stefano Montanari (Violin), Stefano Montanari (Leader) 01:01 AM Franz Schubert (1797-1828) 05:28 AM Symphony no. 8 in B minor D.759 (Unfinished) Frédéric Chopin (1810-1849) BBC Scottish Symphony Orchestra, Thomas Dausgaard Prelude for piano (Op.45) in C sharp minor (Conductor) Cedric Tiberghien (Piano) 01:23 AM 05:34 AM Gustav Mahler (1860-1911) Bedřich Smetana (1824-1884) Symphony no. 10 (compl. Deryck Cooke) Vltava (Moldau) from 'Ma Vlast' BBC Scottish Symphony Orchestra, Thomas Dausgaard Orchestre du Conservatoire de Musique du Québec, Raffi (Conductor) Armenian (Conductor) 02:36 AM 05:46 AM Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756-1791) Samuel Barber (1910-1981) Trio for piano and strings in C major (K.548) Agnus Dei for chorus Trio Orlando, Tonco Ninic (Violin), Vladimir Krpan (Piano), Andrej BBC Singers, Stephen Cleobury (Conductor) Petrac (Cello) 05:54 AM 03:01 AM Marco Uccellini (c.1603-1680) Francis Poulenc (1899-1963), Lennox Berkeley (Orchestrator) Violin Sonata no. 7 from 'Opera V' Flute Sonata orch. Berkeley Davide Monti (Violin) Emmanuel Pahud (Flute), L'Orchestre de la Suisse Romande, Enrique Garcia-Asensio (Conductor) 06:01 AM Franz Schubert (1797-1828) 03:14 AM Piano Sonata no 15 in C major, D840 Edward Elgar (1857-1934) Alfred Brendel (Piano) Symphony no. -
Die Tote Stadt
DIE TOTE STADT Erich Wolfgang Korngold Productie / Production DE MUNT / LA MONNAIE Nieuwe productie, gebaseerd op de oorspronkelijke coproductie met / Nouvelle production, basée sur la coproduction initiale avec TEATR WIELKI – POLISH NATIONAL OPERA Nieuwe orkestratie, in opdracht van / Nouvelle orchestration, commande conjointe de DE MUNT / LA MONNAIE & THEATER AN DER WIEN Met de steun van / Avec le soutien de NATIONALE LOTERIJ / LOTERIE NATIONALE In coproductie met Shelter Prod en Prospero MM Productions met de steun van taxshelter.be en ING met de steun van de tax shelter van de Belgische federale overheid En coproduction avec Shelter Prod et Prospero MM Productions avec le soutien de taxshelter.be et ING avec le soutien du tax shelter du gouvernement fédéral de Belgique DIE TOTE STADT Oper in drei Bildern Libretto von Paul Schott frei nach Georges Rodenbachs Roman „Bruges-la-Morte“ Musik von Erich Wolfgang Korngold Nieuwe orkestratie van / Nouvelle orchestration par Leonard Eröd Creatie / Création Staatsoper Hamburg & Oper der Stadt Köln, 4.12.1920 LOTHAR KOENIGS Muzikale leiding / Direction musicale MARIUS TRELIŃSKI Regie / Mise en scène BORIS KUDLIČKA Decor / Décors MAREK ADAMSKI Kostuums / Costumes MARC HEINZ Belichting / Éclairages BARTEK MACIAS Video / Vidéo TOMASZ JAN WYGODA Choreografie / Chorégraphie MARCIN CECKO Dramaturgie Reductie van de orkestpartituur / LEONARD ERÖD Réduction de la partition orchestre ROBERTO SACCÀ Paul MARLIS PETERSEN Marietta / Die Erscheinung Mariens DIETRICH HENSCHEL Frank BERNADETTA GRABIAS Brigitta MARTINA RUSSOMANNO Juliette LILLY JØRSTAD Lucienne FLORIAN HOFFMANN Gaston / Victorin NIKOLAY BORCHEV Pierrot MATEUSZ ZAJDEL Graf Albert SYMFONIEORKEST VAN DE MUNT / ORCHESTRE SYMPHONIQUE DE LA MONNAIE KINDER-EN JEUGDKOREN & KOORACADEMIE VAN DE MUNT o.l.v. -
Johannes BRAHMS (1833-1897) Four Preludes and Serious Songs Op
Johannes BRAHMS (1833-1897) Four Preludes and Serious Songs Op. 121 (1896 arr. orch. Detlev Glanert, 2004-5) [24:28] Detlev GLANERT (b. 1960) Weites land (2016) [11:25] Johannes BRAHMS Clarinet Sonata in F minor Op. 120 No 1 (1894 arr. Luciano Berio, 1986) [22:45] Michael Nagy (baritone) Kari Kriikku (clarinet) Helsinki Philharmonic Orchestra/Olari Elts rec. November 2014 (Songs), June 2016 (Weites Land, sonata), Helsinki Music Centre ONDINE ODE1263-2 [59:12] The presiding spirit of this disc is Brahms, but Brahms as seen by two more recent composers. First we have an orchestral transcription of Brahms’s Four Serious Songs by Detlev Glanert. Glanert was born in Hamburg, as was Brahms, became a pupil of Hans Werner Henze and has concentrated, as only a German composer can, on writing operas. So far there have been ten of these, and his Caligula has been widely admired and also recorded. His idiom, like that of his mentor, starts from late romanticism and moves in the direction of expressionism, but the expressionism of Zemlinsky and Korngold rather than that of Schoenberg or Berg. He has a particular enthusiasm for Brahms, of which this version of the Four Serious Songs is one of the fruits. The songs were one of Brahms’s last compositions. The immediate occasion for them seems to have been last illness of his dear friend Clara Schumann, linked with a premonition of his own death. The texts are from the Bible, three sombre ones from the Old Testament (Ecclesiastes and Ecclesiasticus) and St Paul’s well-known hymn to love from the New (1 Corinthians). -
Nbu-Music-Department-Brochure1.Pdf
DEGREE GeneraL 1 information PROGRAMS MAIN BacHELOR ANNUAL 2 proGram music ACTIVITIES AND EVENTS master 3 OF music PHD proGram 4 music MAIN anuaL 5 music actiVities New Bulgarian University (NBU) is MAIN music a modern higher education EVents 6 institution recognized as organization with strong national influence and academic presence in wider international 7 staff university networks. NBU was established in 1991 for meeting the partners & need of a new liberal model of 8 erasmus + education. Every academic year NBU offers Bachelor, Master, Doctoral programs, administration courses and continuing education 8 programs in various fields. The Department of Music at NBU exists since the foundation of the University. Its creative work and research activities are in the genres of both classical and popular music- opera, folklore, music theatre, integration of music and new computer technologies. DEPARTMENT DEPARTMENT OF MUSIC 1 THE DEPARTMENT OF MUSIC The Department of Music is part of most modern world standards The department has signed contracts New Bulgarian University, which without leaving their homeland. with “Erasmus +” - the new EU offers education in several The department offers Bachelor program for education, training, professional fields and has over program after secondary education youth and sport in 2020 with over 15,000 students. An average of 250 as well as Master’s programs in 20 universities in Europe in Austria, students per year are enrolled in the Bulgarian and in English and PhD Great Britain, Greece, Spain, Italy, music programs; they are taught by programs with two profiles: research Poland, Finland France, Croatia, an academic staff of 31 lecturers, 15 in the area of musicology, or based on Switzerland, Turkey and others. -
Louis Lortie Sunday, April 9, 2017 at 3:00 Pm This Is the 714Th Concert in Koerner Hall
Invesco Piano Concerts Louis Lortie Sunday, April 9, 2017 at 3:00 pm This is the 714th concert in Koerner Hall ALL FRYDERYK CHOPIN PROGRAM 12 Études, Op. 10 Étude No. 1, in C Major (‘Waterfall’) Étude No. 2, in A Minor (‘Chromatic’) Étude No. 3, in E Major (‘Tristesse’) Étude No. 4, in C-sharp Minor (‘Torrent’) Étude No. 5, in G-flat Major (‘Black Keys’) Étude No. 6, in E-flat Minor Étude No. 7, in C Major (‘Torrent’) Étude No. 8, in F Major (‘Sunshine’) Étude No. 9, in F Minor Étude No. 10, in A-flat Major Étude No. 11, in E-flat Major (‘Arpeggio’) Étude No. 12, in C Minor (‘Revolutionary’) 12 Études, Op. 25 Étude No. 1, in A-flat Major (‘Aeolian harp’) Étude No. 2, in F Minor (‘Bees’) Étude No. 3, in F Major (‘Cartwheel’/‘Horseman’) Étude No. 4, in A Minor Étude No. 5, in E Minor (‘Wrong notes’) Étude No. 6, in G-sharp Minor (‘Thirds’) Étude No. 7, in C-sharp Minor (‘Cello’) Étude No. 8, in D-flat Major (‘Sixths’) Étude No. 9, in G-flat Major (‘Butterfly’) Étude No. 10, in B Minor (‘Octaves’) Étude No. 11, in A Minor (‘Winter wind’) Étude No. 12, in C Minor (‘Ocean’) INTERMISSION 24 Preludes, Op. 28 1. Prelude in C Major (Agitato) 2 Prelude in A Minor (Lento) 3. Prelude in G Major (Vivace) 4. Prelude in E Minor (Largo) 5. Prelude in D Major (Molto allegro) 6 Prelude in B Minor (Lento assai) 7. Prelude in A Major (Andantino) 8. -
Katalog Wettbewerb 2020
12. INTERNATIONALER WETTBEWERB FÜR LIEDKUNST STUTTGART 12 TH INTERNATIONAL ART SONG COMPETITION STUTTGART 29. SEPTEMBER – 04. OKTOBER 2020 MIKHAIL TIMOSHENKO MIKHAIL MIKHAIL TIMOSHENKO ELITSA DESSEVA ELITSA ELITSA DESSEVA TIMOSHENKO MIKHAIL MIKHAIL TIMOSHENKO ALEX ROSEN ALEX ALEX ROSEN DESSEVA ELITSA ELITSA DESSEVA MICHAŁ BIEL BIEL MICHAŁ MICHAŁ BIEL ROSEN ALEX ALEX ROSEN IRINA JAE-EUN PARK JAE-EUN IRINA IRINA JAE-EUN PARK TIMOSHENKO MIKHAIL MIKHAIL TIMOSHENKO BIEL MICHAŁ MICHAŁ BIEL HAN DOKYUNG DOKYUNG HAN DESSEVA ELITSA ELITSA DESSEVA PARK JAE-EUN IRINA IRINA JAE-EUN PARK KLAUDIA TANDL KLAUDIA KLAUDIA TANDL ROSEN ALEX ALEX ROSEN HAN DOKYUNG DOKYUNG HAN GISELA JÖBSTL GISELA GISELA JÖBSTL BIEL MICHAŁ MICHAŁ BIEL TANDL KLAUDIA KLAUDIA TANDL ILKER ARCAYÜREK ILKER ILKER ARCAYÜREK PARK JAE-EUN IRINA IRINA JAE-EUN PARK JÖBSTL GISELA GISELA JÖBSTL FIONA POLLAK FIONA FIONA POLLAK HAN DOKYUNG DOKYUNG HAN ARCAYÜREK ILKER ILKER ARCAYÜREK STUART JACKSON STUART STUART JACKSON TANDL KLAUDIA KLAUDIA TANDL POLLAK FIONA FIONA POLLAK JOCELYN FREEMAN JOCELYN JOCELYN FREEMAN JÖBSTL GISELA GISELA JÖBSTL JACKSON STUART STUART JACKSON SAMUEL HASSELHORN SAMUEL SAMUEL HASSELHORN ARCAYÜREK ILKER ILKER ARCAYÜREK FREEMAN JOCELYN JOCELYN FREEMAN RENATE ROHLFING RENATE RENATE ROHLFING POLLAK FIONA FIONA POLLAK HASSELHORN SAMUEL SAMUEL HASSELHORN LUDWIG MITTELHAMMER MITTELHAMMER LUDWIG LUDWIG MITTELHAMMER JACKSON STUART STUART JACKSON ROHLFING RENATE RENATE ROHLFING JONATHAN WARE JONATHAN JONATHAN WARE FREEMAN JOCELYN JOCELYN FREEMAN MITTELHAMMER LUDWIG LUDWIG MITTELHAMMER -
Louis Lortie Volume 2 Bridgeman Images / 1942) – Portrait by Jacques-Émile Blanche (1861
In paradisum A FAURÉ R ECITAL Louis Lortie Volume 2 Gabriel Fauré, c. 1887 Portrait by Jacques-Émile Blanche (1861 – 1942) / Bridgeman Images Gabriel Fauré (1845 – 1924) 1 Pie Jesu from Requiem, Op. 48 (1887 – 88) 3:47 Transcribed for solo piano by Louis Lortie Paisible et illuminé – Très lointain – A tempo – [Très lointain] – Un poco meno mosso 2 Barcarolle No. 12, Op. 106 bis (1915) 3:16 in E flat major • in Es-Dur • en mi bémol majeur Allegretto giocoso 3 Nocturne No. 11, Op. 104 No. 1 (1913) 4:55 in F sharp minor • in fis-Moll • en fa dièse mineur In memoriam Noémi Lalo Molto moderato 4 Ballade, Op. 19 (1877 – 79) 14:33 in F sharp major • in Fis-Dur • en fa dièse majeur Andante cantabile – Lento – Allegro moderato – Andante – Un poco più mosso – Allegro – Andante – Allegro moderato 3 5 Nocturne No. 7, Op. 74 (1898) 8:05 in C sharp minor • in cis-Moll • en ut dièse mineur À Mme Adéla Maddison Molto lento – Un poco più mosso – Tempo I – Allegro – Molto lento – Un poco più mosso Thème et variations, Op. 73 (1895) 15:27 in C sharp minor • in cis-Moll • en ut dièse mineur À Mademoiselle Thérèse Roger 6 [Thème.] Quasi Adagio – 1:33 7 Variation 1. Lo stesso tempo – 0:55 8 Variation 2. Più mosso – 0:45 9 Variation 3. Un poco più mosso – 0:39 10 Variation 4. Lo stesso tempo – 1:17 11 Variation 5. Un poco più mosso – 0:40 12 Variation 6. Molto Adagio – 1:45 13 Variation 7. -
Stacy Garrop Detlev Glanert
STACY GARROP DETLEV GLANERT Sponsored by Marcia & Fred Smith Sponsored by Jack Baskin & Peggy Downes-Baskin and Composer Stacy Garrop has won numerous Rowland & Patricia Rebele awards including a Fromm Music Foundation Grant, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Music Detlev Glanert was born in Hamburg. He Àrst Composition Prize, two Barlow Endowment played trumpet and tuba, and later doublebass commissions, as well as competitions sponsored and piano. He studied composition with Diether by the American Composers Orchestra, Civic de la Motte from 1980 to 1982 in Hamburg, Orchestra of Chicago, Detroit Symphony with Hans Werner Henze from 1985 to 1989 in Stacy Garrop Orchestra, Minnesota Orchestra, Omaha Cologne, and with Oliver Knussen at Tanglewood Symphony, Charleston Symphony Orchestra, in the summer of 1986. New England Philharmonic, and the Pittsburgh New Music Ensemble. Her chamber and Early in his career, Glanert especially admired orchestral works are published by Theodore Gustav Mahler for his expressive encompassing Presser Company, and she self-publishes her of the entire world, and Maurice Ravel for his choral works under Inkjar Publishing Company. glittering artiÀcial surfaces; both composers She is a Cedille Records recording artist and were very important for his development. Later on has works on seven of their CDs, with additional Hans Werner Henze and Bernd A. Zimmermann works on nine recordings by eight labels; these had an important inÁuence. Following the Àrst recordings feature performances by Chanticleer, successful performances of his work, Glanert decided to pursue a life as a free lance composer Detlev Glanert Lincoln Trio, Grant Park Music Festival Chorus, Gaudete Brass Quintet, Biava Quartet, Cecilia for lyric opera, orchestral music and chamber Quartet, Chicago a cappella, and Volti. -
Part I Introduction and Context
PART I INTRODUCTION AND CONTEXT 1 Part I – Introduction and Context 1. Introduction The issues of cultural cooperation in Europe dealt with in this report have a special relevance when confronting the needs of European integration, the fostering of sensitive and responsible citizenship and the implementation of Human and Cultural Rights. Intergovernmental cultural cooperation is a concept which has not yet been developed to its full potential, having often been reduced to the signature of bilateral or multilateral agreements of a purely diplomatic nature and comparatively unspecific content. And yet, as governments enjoy full authority in official international relations, it is to be expected that they should take responsibility in leading the way – especially as cultural cooperation can signify much more than mere exchanges of concerts and exhibitions, and can instead become an exercise where the values of creativity, solidarity and diversity are being actively pursued. The promotion of values related to cultural diversity and pluralism must not only be understood as a reflection of ethical principles but also as an active inducement to cooperation. The final reason to foster diversity must be to ensure a maximum of expressive options, combined with a view to improving the quality of sensitivity and the renewal of the creative pool of society. Cultural systems do not live in isolation, and only by promoting cross-fertilisation of their creative patterns can they improve and grow. Cooperation therefore is not an abstract notion of good-will but is the very essence of cultural survival and the sharpening of critical conscience in society. This report is set to fulfil a mandate focusing on the description of intergovernmental cultural cooperation in 31 European states but also on providing an interpretation of the present situation and its relationship to future scenarios.