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0 DOCUMENT REUME ED 260 002 SO 016 727 7. 1 N 00 4 AUTHOR Giguere, Madeleine, Ed. TITLE A Rranco-American Overvie. Volume 3., New England t (Pa4t One). .. INSTITUTION National Assestmenthnd isseminaltion Center for Bilingual Education, Camb idge, Mlss.; National' Materials Development Center for French and Port4guese, Bedford, Atli. r SPONS AGENCY. Department 9LEOucation, Washington, DC. REPORT NO ISBN-0-89857/136-7 PUB DATE Mar 81 1 NOTE 278p.;'or the-other volumes. in this series, see SO 016 725-730. PUB TYPE ( Historical Materials (060) Viewpoints (120) . , . `Collected Works General (ozp) d, EDRS PRICE MF01/PC12 Plus'Postageh DESCRIPTORS *Acculturation; Biculturalism; Catholics; Colonial History (United States); *Cross Cultural "Studies; *Cultur 1 Edumption; Cultural Influences; Cultural Pluralism; Culture; Ethnic Groups! Family Life; Industrialization; Land Settlement; MigraIion; Political Attitudes; Politics; Religion; Social History; Social Services; Social Studies; Subcultiires; United States History IDENTIFIERS A Acidians; *Franco Americans; 'Frenth (Canadian); Maine; *New England; New Hathpshire; Nineteenth Century; Vermont ABSTRACT . Intended to help readers develop an appreciation of the contributions of Franco-Americans to the cultural heritage co; the i United States, this book, the third -of six volumes, presents 17 readings representing many perspectives--from the historical to the ,., sociological illustrating the thinking and feelings wf those in the forefront of Franco-American studies, This volume focuses on Franco-Americans in New England. The 4ollowing readings are presented "The French-Canadians in Ndw England; (William MacDonald); "French Cathdlics in the United States" (J. g. L. LaFlamme, David E. 'Lavigne, and J. Arthur Favreau); "French and .french-Canadians in the United States" (Mason Wade)"The Acadian Migrations" (Robert LeBlanc); "The Loyalists and the Acadians" (Masoh Wade); "The Franco- American's in Maine: A Geographical Perspective" (James, P. Allen); "Quebec to 'Little Canada': The Coming of the FrencIrtanadians to NewEngland in the Nineteeht Century" (Ir.is Saunder Podea); "The French Colony.at Brunswick, Maine: A Historical Sketch" (William N. Locke); "The'Franco-AmericaIt' of New England" (George F. Theriault); "The Laborers of Manchester, New Hampshire 1912-1922: The Role ofiFamily..and Ethnicity in Adjustment to Industrial Life" (Tamara K. Hareveh); "The FranCo-American 4 Working-Class Family" Maurence French);. "Traditional French-Canadian Family Life Patterns and Their Implications for Social Services in VerTont" (Peter Woolfson);""TherPresidential Politics of Franco-Americans" (David B. Walker); "A Profile of Franco-American Political Attitudes in New England" (Norman,9epenuk4 "The French `Parish and 'Survivihce' in 19th Century,NewEngland" 1,(Mason Wade); "The Shadows of the Trees: Religiofl and Language" (Jitgues Ducharme) ;:' and,"French National Societies in New England" (Edward Billings Ham). (LH) ,. <z<,22 ' E ...-- ',--- ;L., r -:,: , '1-:- -,',,,,,,......:!;...:,.."..:,:1,,,,,'.:'..,'',»,,,.- '1, -, - '.-s:;'..;'ip.- 1-,.. .., . ....-!: --"..-:,":.- ' ... '.. ,17..71"-.....' . 0009Za3::' , - .1 1 ..-.1.-:;;' : /. A FRANCO-AMVICAN OVERVIEW Volume 3 4, NEW JNGLAND Wart One) _ 9, Ac 3 - 4 1111=1111111111110 . /°. --;; T .'e:j1 s441::::: v Workers in the Amoskeag Mills, Manchester, New Hampshirenixie this American flag in srp 14 and posed with it in front of one of the buildings of what was at the turn of the century the largest textile mill complex in the world. A preponderant number of the persons employed in these mills were French-Canadian immigrants from Quebec and their children: (Photo courtesy of Manchester Historical Ass'n.) e p 41 / 1 A FRANCO-AMERICAN OVEtWIEW in Volume 3 a 1 NEW ENGLAND Part One) di edited by Madeleine -61guere Profe%.sor of Sociology, Universio' of Southern Maine ul Pot-artful-Gorham Staff Consultant Robert 1.. Paris Nolccal Assessrnnlon,1[Xssernnaten Cr eter b Bingocileicutual rcii.coicn c ,,. firat 7 l ,.0f111.)riCic )0 IV( MOChuSOIIS 021/10 #44`W' A 'kJ, 44. 411 1 0 J 4 r^ V No, Published by Evaluation, Dissemination and Assessment Center, ESEA Title VII Lesley College, 49 Washington Avenue, C'ambridge, Massachusetts 02140 Developed by National Materials Development Center for French 168 South River Road, Bedford, New Hampshire 03102 International Standard Book Number 0- 89857 -136 -7 Published March 1981 Ar Printed in the United States of Americ The activity which is the subject of this publics was supported In whole or In part by the U.S. Department of Education. However, the opinions expressed erein do not necessarfly reflect the position or policy of the Department of Education, and no Official endorsement by the Department of Education dhould be inferred. Thallvaluation, Dissemination and Assessment Center for Bilingual Education is a special ESEA, Title VII \iroject funded by the U.S. Department of Education through Lesley College, Cambridge, Massachusetts, and the Fall River Public School System This publication was developed and printed with fund provided by Title VII of the Elementary end -Secondary Education Act of 1965, as amended. 4 6 12' 4 s 'ook a ll TABLE OF CONTENTS ("rapt .r Page Preface rt IntroduCtion Madeleine GigtOfe. iv Orerpiws AC. The French-Canadiark in New England William MacDonald II `French Citholies in the United States' LaFlamme, .David E. Lavigne & J. Arthur Favreau 23 III French and Trench-Canadians in the United States Mason Wade 37 Beginnings IV The Acadian Migrations Robert LeBlanc ,49 V . The Loyalistsd the Acadians Mason Wade 69 VI The Franco-Americans in Maine: A Geographical Perspective lames P. Allen '83 VIIQuebec to «Little Canada»: The Corning of the French-Canadians to New England in the Nine- ti teenth Century Iris Saunders Podea 113 Communities VIIIThe French Colony at Bridi4wick, Maine: A Historical Sketch William N. Locke 127 4 IX The FrancotAmericans of New England George F. Theriault 139 Major Institutions 0 The Laborers of Manchester,New Hampshire .1912-1922:The Role of Family and Ethnicity in Adjustment to Industrial Life Tamara K. Hareven 157 XI The Franco-American Working-Class Family Laurence French 173 7 Pp. XII -traditional French-Canadianamily Life Patterns in 10 PeteeWoolfson 193 Their Implications for Socialervices in Vr non/ A. ,.. XIIIiliV)residential Politics of Franco-Amer &)avid B. Walker , 201 . XIV A Profile of Franco-American Politicalt es in New England Norman Sepen ik 213 XV The French Parish ang oSttrvivanc- e» in 19thi 1 4. Century New England Mason Wade 235 t: XVI ..,The Shadows of the Trees: Religiond Language ::r.Iacques Ducharme 255 . f Edward Billings Ham 263 '1 XVII French National. Societies in New England , 0.6 k. ni r 411 CI 4. F. PREFACE:' This series of,volumes, entitled A FRANQO-AMERICAN OVERVIEW, is primarily anthological in nature, -and is intended for the use of those who wish to find out about or to extend their awareness of. to fait franco-americain in the United States today. Many of the selections included in this series have been available elsewhere, but several -s .i- are now out of print or difficult to locate for practical reference. Their compilation' nci lijuxtaposition for the first time between the covers ofta unique series of volumes dedic -ed exclutively to the Franco-Americans will serve to enhance, deepen and expand e ch reader's understanding of this special ethnic troup in its many permutations and guises. Each volume of this OVERVIEW series revolves around a general themeor broad area of interest such as'the Franco-American populatioh of a definite geographical area of the United States, a'specifiC cultural or linpistip phenomenon, etc. The readingse- lections and studies chosen for each volume represent many perspectives from file his toral to the sociologicaland they illustrate the thinking and the feelings of those who were in the past, or whgare now, in the forefront of Franco American studies. Volumes 3 arid 4,subtitled NEW ENGLAND,, present a wide army of disyussions and research reports on the two major French-speaking populations of the slew En- gland states (Maine, New Hampshire, Yermont, Massachusetts, Connecticut and Rhode Island), ,i.e.-the Acadians and the French-Canadian immigrants from Quebec. The vari- ous selections provide information about these two groups from both past and contem- porary -points of view, with an emphasis on the sociological phenomena of note. Rather than organiie an exhaustive sany of the subject, the chapters of both Volumes 3 and 4 have been arralfged to offer a 'mosaic of facts and impressions about the Franco-Ameri- cans of the northeastern United States. r Recognition is due to the following National Materials Development, Cenler staff who contributed directly to the preparation of these NEW ENGLAND volum-e-s: Andrea Thorne and Lori Cochrane for the composition of the texts, Eileen Brady for proofreading assistance, Jeff Spring for art and design, and Julien Olivier for some of his original photography. Robert L. Paris N.M.D.C./ French &Portumese p 9 -4 0 .4" 5+, INTRODUCTION L nE 4 Who are theTin:co-Americans? There «New immigrant 44) such as the French are many answer ranging from«Americans Canadians tame to an Amerean society of French descent»-jo«Americans of quite unlike the world theyleft.AFrom the French-Canadian or Acadian lineagewhose highly personal an, informal r*tionships of ,, ethnicity is manifested culturally acid /or lin- their rural agricultural parishes and . villages guistically
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