“Mexican Repatriation: New Estimates of Total and Excess Return in The
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Turkey╎s Role in the Loss and Repatriation of Antiquities
International Journal of Legal Information the Official Journal of the International Association of Law Libraries Volume 38 Article 12 Issue 2 Summer 2010 7-1-2010 Who Owns the Past? Turkey’s Role in the Loss and Repatriation of Antiquities Kathleen Price Levin College of Law, University of Florida Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.law.cornell.edu/ijli The International Journal of Legal Information is produced by The nI ternational Association of Law Libraries. Recommended Citation Price, Kathleen (2010) "Who Owns the Past? Turkey’s Role in the Loss and Repatriation of Antiquities," International Journal of Legal Information: Vol. 38: Iss. 2, Article 12. Available at: http://scholarship.law.cornell.edu/ijli/vol38/iss2/12 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at Scholarship@Cornell Law: A Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in International Journal of Legal Information by an authorized administrator of Scholarship@Cornell Law: A Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Who Owns the Past? Turkey’s Role in the Loss and Repatriation of Antiquities KATHLEEN PRICE* “Every flower is beautiful in its own garden. Every antiquity is beautiful in its own country.” --Sign in Ephesus Museum lobby, quoted in Lonely Planet Turkey (11th ed.) at 60. “History is beautiful where it belongs.”—OzgenAcar[Acar Erghan] , imprinted on posters in Turkish libraries, classrooms, public buildings and shops and quoted in S. Waxman, Loot at 151; see also S. Waxman ,Chasing the Lydian Hoard, Smithsonian.com, November 14, 2008. The movement of cultural property1 from the vanquished to the victorious is as old as history. -
ARTICLES Israel's Migration Balance
ARTICLES Israel’s Migration Balance Demography, Politics, and Ideology Ian S. Lustick Abstract: As a state founded on Jewish immigration and the absorp- tion of immigration, what are the ideological and political implications for Israel of a zero or negative migration balance? By closely examining data on immigration and emigration, trends with regard to the migration balance are established. This article pays particular attention to the ways in which Israelis from different political perspectives have portrayed the question of the migration balance and to the relationship between a declining migration balance and the re-emergence of the “demographic problem” as a political, cultural, and psychological reality of enormous resonance for Jewish Israelis. Conclusions are drawn about the relation- ship between Israel’s anxious re-engagement with the demographic problem and its responses to Iran’s nuclear program, the unintended con- sequences of encouraging programs of “flexible aliyah,” and the intense debate over the conversion of non-Jewish non-Arab Israelis. KEYWORDS: aliyah, demographic problem, emigration, immigration, Israel, migration balance, yeridah, Zionism Changing Approaches to Aliyah and Yeridah Aliyah, the migration of Jews to Israel from their previous homes in the diaspora, was the central plank and raison d’être of classical Zionism. Every stream of Zionist ideology has emphasized the return of Jews to what is declared as their once and future homeland. Every Zionist political party; every institution of the Zionist movement; every Israeli government; and most Israeli political parties, from 1948 to the present, have given pride of place to their commitments to aliyah and immigrant absorption. For example, the official list of ten “policy guidelines” of Israel’s 32nd Israel Studies Review, Volume 26, Issue 1, Summer 2011: 33–65 © Association for Israel Studies doi: 10.3167/isr.2011.260108 34 | Ian S. -
Emigration from Romania: Challenges, Risks and Opportunities
Public Disclosure Authorized Romania Systematic Country Diagnostic BACKGROUND NOTE Migration Public Disclosure Authorized June 2018 Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Acknowledgments This note was prepared by Andrei Dospinescu and Giuseppe Russo. 2 Contents Executive Summary ............................................................................................................................................. 4 Theoretical Background ....................................................................................................................................... 5 Emigration from Romania: Challenges, Risks and Opportunities. ....................................................................... 7 Is emigration negatively affecting potential growth? .................................................................................... 8 Social impact of emigration. Is there a generation left-behind? .................................................................. 14 Conclusions ........................................................................................................................................................ 17 Annex 1. Key Romanian emigration trends and patterns between 1990 and 2017 ......................................... 18 References ......................................................................................................................................................... 19 Boxes Box 1. High-skilled migration: The case of Romanian physicians ...................................................................................... -
This PDF Is a Selection from an Out-Of-Print Volume from the National Bureau of Economic Research
This PDF is a selection from an out-of-print volume from the National Bureau of Economic Research Volume Title: International Migrations, Volume II: Interpretations Volume Author/Editor: Walter F. Willcox, editor Volume Publisher: NBER Volume ISBN: 0-87014-017-5 Volume URL: http://www.nber.org/books/will31-1 Publication Date: 1931 Chapter Title: Hungarian Migration of Modern Times Chapter Author: Gustav Thirring Chapter URL: http://www.nber.org/chapters/c12910 Chapter pages in book: (p. 411 - 439) CHAPTER XIV HUNGARIAN MIGRATION OF MODERN TIMES' By DR. GUSTAV THIRItING Budapest Hungary's modern emigration began with an exodus to America and so increased in such a manner that later America and especially the United States, attracted the greater part of the stream.The first sporadic cases of emigration occurred in the '40's of the nine- teenth century, but the emigration of Hungarian patriots after the failure of the struggle for independence in 1848 and 1849—although most of them remained in the United States—was not treated in American statistics as immigration, the first two immigrants from Hungary being reported in 1861.2 With the year 1880 the number of emigrants from Hungary began to rise rapidly.In 1881 the Hungarian government placed emigration agencies under the supervision of the Ministry of the Interior, and forbade all emigration except when the emigrant was provided with a passport. The consequence, however, was merely an increase in clandestine emigration. The total flow increased in volume year by year and in 1903, when the United States was enjoying an unparalleled prosperity which drew people from all over the world, the number of Hungarian emigrants exceeded 100,000, and in 1907 it was nearly The number of emigrants, however, did not increase uniformly or regularly but showed great fluctuations, a fact which goes to prove that, in addition to incen- tives in Hungary, American business conditions also were of decisive influence. -
Finalinvoluntary Deportations Lesson Plan
Identity, Immigration and Economics: The Involuntary Deportations of the 1930s (For use with Episode 2) Lesson Overview This particular lesson examines the involuntary deportations of Mexican immigrants and U.S. citizens of Mexican heritage during the 1930s. This displacement is only one of many legally sanctioned, forced relocations in our nation’s history. It also is an example of how a certain population may be scapegoated during times of economic downturn — and how there is an ongoing tie between immigration policies on the one hand, and economic trends on the other. Students analyze primary accounts and images from the 1930s, develop new vocabulary related to relocation, and demonstrate their understanding through creative writing. (Elements of this lesson were adapted from http://www.learnnc.org/lp/pages/4042.) Grade Level: 7 – 12 Time: 2 – 3 Hours (1 – 2 class periods) Materials • Internet access for research and viewing segment (Los Angeles Deportation) • Copies of student handout, Involuntary Deportation Images and Writing Prompts • Paper and pencils for note-taking and assignment writing/completion • Dictionary (print or online) Lesson Objectives The student will: 1. Define and discuss the difference between immigration, repatriation, deportation, resettlement and internment. 2. Identify the deportation of documented Mexican immigrants and Mexican Americans during the Great Depression. 3. Present her/his learning to the class in the form of a vivid description of the individuals being deported and participate in a class debate on reasons for and against deportation. 4. Understand the importance and significance of the involuntary deportations of the 1930s. 5. Analyze the deportations in the context of immigration policies as connected to economic factors. -
Repatriation Guide: Section 1 Overview
Repatriation Guide: Section 1 Overview Section 1 includes: Eligibility Services Roles of Agencies Financial Obligations of Participants Privacy of Participants Repatriation is the return of a U.S. citizen from a foreign country. The U.S. Repatriation Program (Program) exists to provide temporary assistance to citizens and their dependents that have repatriated and are in need of assistance. The Program assists citizens on an individual basis and during an emergency or group repatriation. All Program assistance is given in the form of loans that must be paid back to the federal government. Repayment may be waived under certain circumstances. The Program is administered by the Office of Refugee Resettlement (ORR) within the Administration for Children and Families at the Department of Health and Human Services. ORR partners with Department of State (DOS), state governments, and non-governmental organizations to provide assistance to participants of the Program. A U.S. citizen applying for assistance under the Program must contact the U.S. consulate in the host country. The U.S. consulate will collect all the information needed to ensure eligibility for the program. If the applicant is eligible, he or she must sign a privacy waiver, which allows DOS to share information with service providers. Eligibility Broadly, the Program assists two groups of U.S. citizens: those that lack resources and return to the United States because of destitution, illness, war, threat of war, invasion, or similar situation; and those that are mentally ill. Assistance to U.S. citizens without resources The Program can provide services to U.S. citizens and their dependents that lack resources and return to the United States. -
Harvest Histories: a Social History of Mexican Farm Workers in Canada Since 1974”
“Harvest Histories: A Social History of Mexican Farm Workers in Canada since 1974” by Naomi Alisa Calnitsky B.A. (Hons.), M.A. A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Affairs in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History Carleton University Ottawa, Ontario ©2017 Naomi Calnitsky Abstract While concerns and debates about an increased presence of non-citizen guest workers in agriculture in Canada have only more recently begun to enter the public arena, this dissertation probes how migrant agricultural workers have occupied a longer and more complex place in Canadian history than most Canadians may approximate. It explores the historical precedents of seasonal farm labour in Canada through the lens of the interior or the personal on the one hand, through an oral history approach, and the external or the structural on the other, in dialogue with existing scholarship and through a critical assessment of the archive. Specifically, it considers the evolution of seasonal farm work in Manitoba and British Columbia, and traces the eventual rise of an “offshore” labour scheme as a dominant model for agriculture at a national scale. Taking 1974 as a point of departure for the study of circular farm labour migration between Mexico and Canada, the study revisits questions surrounding Canadian views of what constitutes the ideal or injurious migrant worker, to ask critical questions about how managed farm labour migration schemes evolved in Canadian history. In addition, the dissertation explores how Mexican farm workers’ migration to Canada since 1974 formed a part of a wider and extended world of Mexican migration, and seeks to record and celebrate Mexican contributions to modern Canadian agriculture in historical contexts involving diverse actors. -
(IOM) (2019) World Migration Report 2020
WORLD MIGRATION REPORT 2020 The opinions expressed in the report are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the International Organization for Migration (IOM). The designations employed and the presentation of material throughout the report do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IOM concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning its frontiers or boundaries. IOM is committed to the principle that humane and orderly migration benefits migrants and society. As an intergovernmental organization, IOM acts with its partners in the international community to: assist in meeting the operational challenges of migration; advance understanding of migration issues; encourage social and economic development through migration; and uphold the human dignity and well-being of migrants. This flagship World Migration Report has been produced in line with IOM’s Environment Policy and is available online only. Printed hard copies have not been made in order to reduce paper, printing and transportation impacts. The report is available for free download at www.iom.int/wmr. Publisher: International Organization for Migration 17 route des Morillons P.O. Box 17 1211 Geneva 19 Switzerland Tel.: +41 22 717 9111 Fax: +41 22 798 6150 Email: [email protected] Website: www.iom.int ISSN 1561-5502 e-ISBN 978-92-9068-789-4 Cover photos Top: Children from Taro island carry lighter items from IOM’s delivery of food aid funded by USAID, with transport support from the United Nations. © IOM 2013/Joe LOWRY Middle: Rice fields in Southern Bangladesh. -
Franco-Americans in New England: Statistics from the American Community Survey
1 Franco-Americans in New England: Statistics from the American Community Survey Prepared for the Franco-American Taskforce October 24, 2012 James Myall 2 Introduction: As per the request of the State of Maine Legislative Franco-American Task Force, the following is an analysis of the Franco-American population in New England from data collected by the United States Census Bureau. This report accompanies ‘Franco-Americans in Maine’, which was also delivered to the Task Force, and is designed to determine whether the trends visible in Maine’s Franco-American population are reflected in other New England states (i.e. Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island and Vermont). Information concerning methodology is repeated below for the sake of completeness. About the American Community Survey: The American Community Survey (ACS) is an annual survey conducted by the US Census Bureau to provide a broader snapshot of American life than is possible through the decennial census. The statistics gathered by the ACS are used by Congress and other agencies to determine the needs of Federal, State and local populations and agencies. The ACS is collected from randomly selected populations in every state to provide estimates which reflect American society as a whole. The data for this report was taken from the ACS using the online tool of the US Census Bureau, American Factfinder, <http://factfinder2.census.gov>. This report largely relies on the 2010 5-year survey, which allows analysis of smaller population units than the 1-year survey which is more accurate. Although the ACS surveys all Americans, the website allows users to filter data by several categories, including ancestry and ethnic origin, thus allowing a comprehensive picture of the Franco population. -
Cappabianca Visual Essay
Meg Cappabianca Mexican Repatriation Eras of history can often be best demonstrated through images and documents from that time time period. These images can tell a story in a way that words can’t; this is definitely true of the Mexican repatriation, a movement that is often overlooked as it is one of the darkest and most shameful chapters in American history. Looking for a scapegoat for the Great Depression, local and state governments throughout America deported over one million people of Mexicans heritage--some of whom were American citizens. Entitled “repatriations” in order to avoid legal trouble for conducting mass deportations, these displacements served as a solution to the many white men who lost their jobs. There is little information on this shameful era, but the images and documents about the Mexican repatriations are very telling of the cruelty Mexicans and Mexican-Americans endured throughout these mass deportations. Following the stock market crash in 1929, America fell into a severe economic emergency that needed a solution. People were in dire need for jobs; as a result, white Americans were willing to take jobs that they previously wouldn’t have even considered. These were the jobs that required brute labor; previously, these jobs went to Mexican immigrants or Americans Source: NY Daily News, 1931 of Mexican descent because that’s all they could manage to get. In order to offer jobs to as many Americans as possible, the government needed to get rid of the people who currently held these lower positions. Many state and local governments turned to deportations in order to create job opportunities for white Americans. -
Meant Giving up Your US Citizenship
When Saying ‘I Do’ Meant Giving Up Your U.S. Citizenship Meg Hacker Did you know that from 1907 to 1922 American women lost their American citizenship by marrying non-Americans without even leaving the United States? Did these women regain their citizenship? Not necessarily! Session 3 Slide 0 of 42 Born in Florida and raised in West Texas, Meg has been with the National Archives at Fort Worth since 1985. She received her B.A. in American History from Austin College and her M.A. in American History from Texas Christian University. Texas Western Press published her thesis, Cynthia Ann Parker: The Life and The Legend. Meg Hacker She has presented to numerous historical and genealogical societies, Director of Archives archives and library associations, teacher in-services, and classrooms National Archives on a wide assortment of topics including: Chinese exclusion, at Fort Worth repatriation oaths, genealogy, immigration records, Native American records, 19th century Fort Smith criminal cases, NASA records, maritime records, and basic strategies for researching at the National Archives. Session 3 Slide 1 of 42 Repatriation Oaths Meg Hacker, Archives Director at The National Archives at Fort Worth Session 3 Slide 2 of 42 Naturalization… …is the process in which a person becomes a U.S. citizen. Tips: ● Not everyone who immigrates becomes a citizen - it is a choice, not a requirement… ● Not everyone who loses their citizenship knew they had lost it. ● Not everyone who loses their citizenship, gets it back. Check out Ancestry, Fold3, and FamilySearch for digitized Session 3 naturalization records Slide 3 of 42 Marriage before 1907 ● If the marriage to a foreigner occurred prior to 1907, the Supreme Court ruled that “a change of citizenship cannot be arbitrarily imposed, that is, imposed without the citizen’s knowledge or concurrence. -
Decolonizing NAGPRA Grades 9-12
Decolonizing NAGPRA Grades 9-12 For an alternative perspective on issues of collecting and repatriation do the following activities. Read pages 53-66. Do activities on pages 55, 56, 64, 65. James Riding In’s chapter “Decolonizing NAGPRA” in For Indigenous Eyes Only: A Decolonization Handbook. Please note: Copyright obtained (Reprinted by permission from “The Peralta-Ordóñez Affair and the Founding of Santa Fe,” from For Indigenous Eyes Only: A Decolonization Handbook, edited by Waziyatawin Angela Wilson and Michael Yellow Bird. Copyright 2005 by School for Advanced Research, Santa Fe, New Mexico.) Decolonizing NAGPRA James Riding In A. Repatriation Is Unfinished Business A. Repatriation Is Unfinished Business B.Vision and Purpose Decolonizing the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA) of 1990 is C.The Repatriation Struggle vital for bringing closure to one of the most gruesome, D. Participants in the Controversy horrific, and divisive chapters in the history of Indians– United States relations. Before NAGPRA, the U.S. E.Three Basic Schools of Thought government gave the scientific community, along with F.Ways to Decolonize NAGPRA other grave robbers, virtually complete authority to loot and plunder our graves without fear of punish- G. Conclusion ment under the law. Native Americans, defined by H. Suggested Resources NAGPRA as American Indians and Native Hawaiians, I. Suggested Readings never approved of these acts nor surrendered our dead. The perpetrators disregarded our views, beliefs, and J. Glossary rights because colonialism instills the colonizer with a notion of absolute entitlement—a notion that denies the colonized the respect and rights afforded to other humans.