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Vom Schutzgebiet Bis Namibia 2000 Vom Schutzgebiet bis Namibia 2000 Herausgegeben von Klaus A. Hess und Klaus J. Becker Klaus Hess Verlag/Publishers Edition Namibia 7 Inhaltsverzeichnis Vorwort Der Anfang war schwer ... Klaus A. Hess Die erstenJahre der deutschen diplomatischen Seite 8 Prasenz in Namibia Harald Ganns Ertriiumt, bewegt und erlebt Seite 85 Auch ein Vorwort Eberhard Hofmann DDR-Solidaritiit mit dem Befreiungskampf Seite 10 Ein besonderes Kapitel deutsch-namibischer Beziehungen DieiG Hans-Georg Schleicher Ein denkwiirdiger politischer Beitrag Seite 93 Deutschstamrn iger Klaus A. Hess Zwischen zwei Welten Seite 13 Irmgard Schreiber Seite 100 Entwicklungsprioritiiten der namibischen Regierung seit der Unabhiingigkeit »Rettet Liideritzbucht!« Hanno Rumpf Eine Stadt kampft(e) urn s Oberleben Seite 26 Eberhard Hofmann I Crispin Clay Seite 105 Schmalspureisenbahnen erschlie6en Afrikas letzte Wildnis Museum, Bibliothek und mehr Namibias Schienenverkehr zwischen Aufbau Die Gesellschaft furWissenschaftliche und Ruckgang Entwicklung Swakopmund Klaus Dierks Gisela Friede Seite 31 Seite 109 Die Missionare 10 Jahre Unabhiingigkeit 21. Miirz2000 Europa komrntnach Afrika EinBilderbogen Joseph Baumann Seite 112 Seite 50 Die Swapo als Regierungspartei Deutsches Theater in Namibia Zur politischenKultur einerBefreiungsbewegung Friedrich Wilhelm Becker und Jiirgen Hecker I an derMacht Irmela Erlank- Rethemeyer Henning Melber Seite58 Seite 113 Radio hor'n Laien, Forscher, Wissenschaftler Der deutsche Dienst der NBC Ursula Massmann Benita Herma-Herrle Seite 117 Seite 63 Kurs Siidwest Kunstvereinigung und Nationalgalerie Die Geschichte derHande 1sschifffahrtzwischen Kunst im Wandel Deutschland und Sudwestafrika Adelheid Lilienthal Kai Ortel Seite 66 Seite 122 Die verborgenen Schiitze Im Schatten des Nachbarn Der Bergbau Perspektiven wirtschaftlicherEntwicklung Gabi Schneider Henning Melber Seite 79 Seite 126 5 Affirmative Action Die Graue Eminenz der Deutschen Ziele undZukunft Dr. WilhelmWeitzel Johann W Friedrich van Rooyen Klaus A. Hess Seite 130 Seite 211 Das Lied vom ))Land der Braven« Landreform und Landrechte in Namibia Ober dieEntstehungsgeschichte der namibischen Wolfgang Werner Nationalhymne Seite 216 Irmgard Schreiber Seite 134 Salve Gambrinus! Der Kampf wider den tierischen Ernst Die Landwirtschaft in Namibia Sigrid Kube Moglichkeiten und Grenzen Der Bierkrieg Herbert Schneider -Klaus J. Becker Seite 136 Seite 226 Deutsch-namibische Kulturbeziehungen ))Ailzu viele haben sie bier begraben« Klaus Dieter Diixmann Die Schutztruppe inDeutsch-Siidwestafrika Seite 143 Eberhard von Alten Seite 233 Von der Mission zur Ortskirche DieKatholische Kirche in Namibia Das Verandenhaus Bernhard Wolf Beispiel einer klimatisch wohltemperierten Seite 149 Bauweise Walter Peters ))Denn was du schwarz auf weill besitzt ... « Seite 240 Ein Blick auf dieMedien Eberhard Hofmann Die Namibia Wissenschaftliche Gesellschaft Seite 15 4 Barbara Guhring Seite 248 Fiir aile wird gesorgt Die Entwicklung des Gesundheitswesens Denk mal, ein Denkmal Norbert Forster Von derHistorischen Denkrnalskommission Seite 166 zum National Monuments Council of Namibia Andreas Vogt IIKhauxa!nas und der zehnjahrige Krieg Seite 25 1 mit den Nama Klaus Dierks Chronik Seite 180 Zusammenstellung: Sigrid Kube I Carol Kotze Seite 25 7 Namibia im Kartenbild Uwe U. Jaschke Deutsch in Namibia hat viele Facetten Seite 187 Deutsch als Fremdsprache Marianne Zappen-Thomson Die Evangelisch-Lutherische Kirche in Namibia Seite 321 (DELK) IhreEntwicklung - Probleme- Hoffnungen Die Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Lisa Kuntze Deutschen Schulvereine EineWegbeschreibung von 10 Jahren 1990- 2000 Margarete Kreutzberger I Dieter Springer Reinhard Keding Seite 327 Seite 192 Otjitambi Die deutsche Privatschule Die Farm der Familie Schlettwein Garant der Muttersprache Sigrid Kube Wilhelm Weitzel und Herbert C. Nockler I Seite 335 Rolf Crusemann-Brockmann Seite 202 Deutsch-Siidwestafrika in der Kolonialliteratur Janina Wozniak Seite 343 6 Die weille Dame der Hai-llom Von der Dampfmaschine zur Solarenergie Ilse Schatz, ihre Buschleute und das Die Entwicklung der Stromversorgung MuseumTsumeb Hermann Weitzel und RalfTobich Sigrid Kube I Klaus A. Hess Seite 448 Seite 346 Von Angra Pequeiia bis Kasikili Island Pfade, Pads und Autobahnen Ein Gang durch die Entstehungsgeschichte Verkehrswege erschlieBen ein der namibischenGren zen menschenleeres Land Imre Josef Demhardt Klaus Dierks Seite 458 Seite 35 9 Der Anschluss an die Welt »Gute Pad!« DieGeschichte der Post undTelekommunikation Dber denTourismus im Sonnenland - undPhilatelistisches Udo H. Week und Dieter Glaue Sigrid Kube I Gunter G. von Schumann Seite 374 Seite 468 Yom IG-Kind zum Goethe-Zentrum Der »Schiellbefehl« Die Namibisch-deutsche Stiftung fur kulturelle Hans-Joachim Rust Zusammenarbeit(Na DS) Seite 480 Imke Weitzel I Erika von Wietersheim I Stephan Miihr Eine Frau steht ihren Mann Seite 384 DieZeit der Intemierung und danach Marga Vaatz lm Jagdrevier zwischen Kalahari und Namib Seite 484 Anton von Wietersheim I Volker Grellmann Seite 397 Anpassung und Bewahrung DeutscheRegierungsschulen in Namibia Aus Namibia in die Mode Dieter Esslinger Swakara ftir dieWelt Seite 490 Raimar von Hase Seite 407 Kommunalverwaltung in Namibia Von der deutschenKoloni alzeit bis zur Gegenwart Frisch, fromm, frohlich, frei Gerhard Totemeyer Der Tumverein als gesellschaftlicherFaktor Seite 505 Giinter F Kesselmann Seite 413 Und wie geht es weiter? Jugendlichei.iber Heute und Morgen Ein Leben im Zeichen des Aufbaus Seite 515 KarlWerner List und dieFirmengruppe Ohlthaver & List Literaturangaben Sven-Erik Kanzler Seite 519 Seite419 Bildnachweise Grenzen des Wachstums? Seite 522 DieWasser versorgung eines Wiistenlandes Otto Wipplinger I Helge Habenicht Autorenprofile Seite 423 Seite 523 Die grolle Zeit der Diamantenfunde Lisa Kuntze Seite 429 Die Fischerei Eine schmerzliche Entwicklungsgeschichte Sigrid Kube I Jan Jurgens Seite 440 7 Deutsch in Namibia hat viele Facetten Deutsch als Fremdsprache (OaF) Marianne Zappen-Thomson Das Leben vieler Namibianer ist auf die eine oder »T he aim of introducing English is to introduce an andereWeise von Deutsch beeinflusst, wei! Deutsch official language that will steer the people away Teil der namibianischen Geschichte ist. Das al!Higli­ from lingo-tribal affiliations and differences and che Leben weist eine erstaunlich deutsche Pragung create conditions conducive to national unity in the auf, die sichvon einer deutschenTages zeitung iiber realm of language.«(UNIN 198 1: Foreword) deutsche Warenangebote in Geschaften bis hin zu deutschen Speisekarten inRestaurants erstreckt. Nach der Unabhangigkeit im Jahre 1990 erhob die Verfassung im Artikel 3 Englisch zur Amtssprache Das ist in anderen afrikanischen Landem nicht der derRepublik Namibia. Aile autochthonen Sprachen Fall. Ndong (1 993 : 124 ) behauptet, Deutsch sei in Namibias, Deutsch und Afrikaans eingeschlossen, den frankophonen Landem Afrikas eingefuhrt wor­ sind seither gleichrangige Nationalsprachen. den, urn»auch den Afrikanem die Sprache des Erz­ feindes beizubringen. Kulturpolitische Oberlegun­ gen standen dem Untemehmen nicht Pate.« Er halt die Einfuhrung des Deutschunterrichts in den ge­ Sprache und Kultur nanntenLandem auch heute nochfur ein »E ntwick­ lungshilfeprojekt«. Sprache undKultur sind eng miteinanderverkniipft. Im allgemeinen wird angenommen, dass aile Mit­ Seit der Niederlassung der erstenMissionare in Na­ glieder einer Sprachgemeinschaft die gleicheKultur mibia bis heute gab es stets mehr als eine offizielle teilen. Die Situation in Namibiazeigtjedoch, dass es Sprache.Von 18 84 bis 1915 warDeutsch Amtsspra­ auch in diesemBereich eine Vielzahl von Moglich­ che. Diesen Statusverlor es anEnglisch undHollan­ keiten gibt. disch, spater an Afrikaans, als Siidafrikadas Territo­ rium als C-Mandat iibemahm. Allerdings sicherte In Namibia lebt eine multikulturelle Gesellschaft. das Londoner Abkomrnenvom 23 . Oktober 1923 , Darin unterscheidet es sich nicht von anderen Lan­ welches 1942 durch das Entnaturalisierungsgesetz dem dieserWelt. Doch anders als injenen Land em, wieder auBer Kraft gesetzt wurde, dass die deutsche war esjahre lang strafbar, iiber gesetzlich festgelegte Sprache im Umgang mit undvon denBehorden ge­ Grenzen hinweg Kontakt aufzunehmen. Nach der braucht werden durfte.Der Generaladministrator Dr. Unabhangigkeit miissen die Namibianer dasMitein­ W. van Niekerk erklarte 1984 , dass »D eutsch als ander erst Iemen. Selbstverstandlich ist dies einPro­ dritte Amtssprachevon derVolksgrupp envertretung zess, derZeit in Anspruch nimrnt. Dennochist zu er­ furWeif3e gebilligt worden« sei (zitiert nachHecker kennen, dass sich das Leben in Namibia verandert 1985: 141 ), doch auf ersterRegierungsebene blieben hat. Englisch und Afrikaans die Amtssprachen.Zu einer volligen Gleichscha1tung der drei Sprachen kam es Als Beispiel einer solchen Veranderung konnen die nicht. »DDR -Kinder« angefuhrt werden.Diese schwarzen Kinder waren ab 197 9 aus SW APO -FIUchtlings­ Schon 19 8 1, in ihren ersten Oberlegungen zu einer lagem zum Schutz vor siidafrikanischen Angriffen Sprachenregelung fur ein unabhangiges Namibia, in die damalige DDR gebracht worden. Sie lemten favorisierte dieSouth West African Peoples Organi­ die Sprache, gingen zur Schule und verinnerlichten sation (SWAPO ) Englisch als einzige Amtssprache. deutsche Kultur. Sie waren es, die nach ihrer Riick­ Sie begriindete dieseEntscheidung folgendermaBen: kehr zumZeitpunkt der Wahlen 198 9 dafur gesorgt 321 haben, dass es bei der Frage nach dem Erhalt der
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