Final Eia/Emp Report

FINAL EIA/EMP REPORT For PROPOSED LIMESTONE MINING IN KARIGATTA LIMESTONE AREA OF 119.64 HECTARES WITH PRODUCTION CAPACITY OF 1.0 MTPA IN NEAR VILLAGE INJEPALLI & SEDAM, SEDAM TALUKA, KALBURAGI DISTRICT, KARNATAKA

Project Proponent: Environment Consultant:

INTERNATIONAL

CEMENT CORPORATION OF INDIA LIMITED GMEC INTERNATIONAL (A Govt. of India Enterprise) (QCI-NABET Accredited EIA Consultant Organization & NABL Accredited Laboratory) Tandur Cement Factory, CCI Tandur, Saharan Tower, 308, Officers Campus RR District - 501158 Extension, Khatipura, Jaipur-302012 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] URL: www.cciltd.com URL: www.gmecinternational.com October, 2020 Final EIA/EMP for Limestone Mining in Karigatta Limestone Area of 119.64 Hectares with Production Capacity of 1.0 MTPA in Near Village Injepalli & Sedam, Sedam Taluka, Kalaburagi District, Karnataka

EIA Coordinator

Dr. Alok Kumar Pandey

Prepared for:

Cement Corporation of India Limited, Tandur, Telangana

Prepared by:

Global Management And Engineering Consultants International Saharan Tower, 308, Officers Campus Extension, Sirsi Road, Khatipura, Jaipur – 302012

October, 2020 FOREWORD

Cement is the second most consumed material on earth after water. The world demand of cement is projected to rise 4.5% per year to 5.2 billion metric tonnes by 2019. Similarly, India’s Cement demand is expected to reach 550-600Million Tonnes Per Annum (MTPA) by the year 2025. The average consumption of cement worldwide is 513 Kgs vis a vis 191 Kgs for India. In line with their focus on cement manufacturing, CCI has proposed Limestone Mining in Karigatta Limestone Area of 119.64 Hectares with Production Capacity of 1.0 MTPA in Near Village Injepalli & Sedam, Sedam Taluka, Kalburagi District, Karnataka (India) This EIA report for proposed project Limestone mining is evaluated by M/s Global Management and Engineering Consultants International, Jaipur (GMEC), Jaipur as per the Terms of Reference (TOR) issued by the Ministry of Environment Forest and Climate Change vide letter no. J-11015/112/2018-IA.II (M) dated 30th August, 2019. This EIA report presents the baseline data covering period from March – May’2019 for air, noise, water, land, biological and socio-economic components of environment, with a view to identifying, predicting, and evaluating potential environmental impacts due to proposed activities. An appropriate and cost effective Environmental Management Plan (EMP) has been delineated. The baseline studies were carried out by the M/s GMEC International Test House And Research Centre a NABL Certified Lab located at Khatipura, Jaipur. The co-operation and assistance rendered by officers of CCI Ltd. in providing desired inputs are gratefully acknowledged. Special thanks are due to Mr. P.K. Sinha, HOD, Tandur Cement Plant for his valuable inputs during the course of preparation of this report.

Jaipur (Vinod Saharan) October, 2020 Chief Executive Officer GMEC International

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that M/s Global Management and Engineering Consultants International, Jaipur (GMEC) has carried out EIA evaluation studies for the proposed Limestone Mining in Karigatta Limestone Area of 119.64 Hectares with Production Capacity of 1.0 MTPA in Near Village Injepalli & Sedam, Sedam Taluka, Kalburagi District, Karnataka (India). The primary baseline data collected by M/s GMEC International Test House And Research Centre a NABL Certified Lab located at Khatipura, Jaipur over a period of 3 months (March – May’2019) during summer season around the study area (10km radius) supported by the secondary data collected from the Government Agenesis, e.g. Census office, Forest Department, Fishery Department and meteorological Department were used for the prediction of impacts for air, noise, water, land, biology/ecology and socio-economic environments. It was observed that the project does not have any major negative impacts on the environment of the study area. M/s Global Management and Engineering Consultants International, Jaipur (GMEC) is associated with the industries in highly diversified activities like environmental impact assessment, engineering and consultancy services. GMEC is Accredited under “EIA consultant Organizations Accreditation Scheme” of Quality Council of India. The Company has ISO 9001:2015, ISO 14001:2015 & OHSAS 18001:2007 Certified Organizations.

Tandur (Sharad Kumar) October, 2020 Add. GM CCI, Tandur

DISCLAIMER

The information contained in the report is based on the scientific analysis of data / information / drawings provided by the project proponent and also collected from other sources during the time of the study. While efforts have been made to ensure accuracy of information in the report, M/s Global Management and Engineering Consultants International, Jaipur (GMEC) is not own, in any manner, any legal, financial or consequential responsibility for any event of occurrence of any accident / hazard or direct or indirect damage / loss to any third party or sponsor due to the use or inability to use the information contained in the report. The sponsor shall exercise due diligence and make their own decision to implement the contents of the report. The report shall not be constructed as any guarantee or warranty from M/S Global Management and Engineering Consultants International, Jaipur.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The process of environmental impact assessment involves close co-ordination with the unit’s management and employees at every visit. Without the support and co-operation of the management, many inconveniences are faced by the assessment agency while conducting the assessment, for data collection, data verification, site visits etc.

We, the members of the assessment team of M/s Global Management and Engineering Consultants International, Jaipur (GMEC), acknowledge the coordination received from the management representatives of CCI Ltd; Tandur for carrying out the EIA study. The management has shown full involvement and interest in the assessment procedures and made the experience of the study, a joint effort.

Team GMEC

Quality Council of India

National Accreditation Board for Education & Training

Certificate OF Accreditation

Global Management and Engineering Consultants International, Jaipur

Saharan Tower, 308, Officers Campus Extension, Sirsi Road, Khatipura, Jaipur-302012

Accredited as Category - A organization under the QCI-NABET Scheme for Accreditation of EIA Consultant Organizations: Version 3 for preparing EIA-EMP reports in the following Sectors: Sl. Sector (as per) Sector Description Cat. No. NABET MoEFCC 1 Mining of minerals including Opencast/ Underground mining 1 1 (a) (i) A Offshore and onshore oil and gas exploration, development A 2 2 1 (b) & production 3 Thermal power plants 4 1 (d) B 4 Mineral beneficiation including Pelletisation 7 2 (b) A Metallurgical industries (ferrous and non-ferrous) – both B 5 8 3 (a) primary and secondary 6 Chemical Fertilizers 16 5 (a) A Oil & gas transportation pipeline (crude and refinery/ A petrochemical products), passing through national parks/ 7 27 6 (a) sanctuaries/coral reefs /ecologically sensitive Areas including LNG terminal 8 Ports, harbours, break waters and dredging 33 5 (g) A 9 Highways 34 7 (f) A 10 Building and construction projects 38 8 (a) B 11 Townships and Area development projects 39 8 (b) B Note: Names of approved EIA Coordinators and Functional Area Experts are mentioned in RAAC minutes dated Sept 27, 2019 and Supplementary minutes dated May 29, 2020 posted on QCI-NABET website.

The Accreditation shall remain in force subject to continued compliance to the terms and conditions as per the Scheme. The accreditation needs to be renewed before the expiry date by Global Management and Engineering Consultants International, Jaipur following due process of assessment.

Sd/- Sr. Director, NABET Certificate No. Valid till Dated: June 23, 2020 NABET/EIA/1922/RA 0171 Feb 06, 2022

For the updated List of Accredited EIA Consultant Organizations with approved Sectors please refer to QCI- NABET website.

Final EIA/EMP for Limestone Mining in Karigatta Limestone Area of 119.64 Hectares with Production Capacity of 1.0 MTPA in Near Village Injepalli & Sedam, Sedam Taluka, Kalaburagi District, Karnataka

LIST OF CONTENTS

DESCRIPTION PAGE NO. QCI/ NABET Certificate i to ii Executive Summary E-1 to E-7

S.NO. DESCRIPTION PAGE NO. CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1-1 to1-16 1.1 General 1-1 1.2 Purpose of the Report 1-2 1.3 Identification of Project Proponent 1-3 1.4 Brief Description of the Project and Its Importance to the 1-4 Country & Region 1.4.1 Brief Description of Project 1-5 1.4.2 Importance of Project to the Country and the Region 1-5 1.5 Environmental Clearance 1-5 1.6 Term of Reference (ToR) 1-6 1.7 Post Environmental Clearance Monitoring 1-16 1.8 Generic Structure of the Report 1-17 1.9 Cost of the Project 1-17 1.10 Status & Stage of Regulatory Clearance 1-17

CHAPTER 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2-1 to 2-30 2.1 About the Project 2-1 2.2 Type of the Project 2-1 2.3 Location of the Project 2-1 2.4 Details of Mine Operations 2-7 2.4.1 Salient Features of Limestone Mine 2-7 2.4.2 Details of Land Use in ML Area 2-8 2.4.3 Topography and Drainage 2-9 2.5 Geology 2-11 2.5.1 Regional Geology 2-11 2.5.2 Local Geology 2-12 2.6 Exploration 2-15 2.7 Reserves & Grade 2-18 2.8 Mining Method 2-19 2.8.1 Drilling & Blasting 2-21 2.8.2 Production Rate & Life of the Mine 2-22 2.8.3 Extent of Mechanization 2-23 2.8.4 Disposal of Waste 2-23 2.9 Use of Limestone 2-23

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Final EIA/EMP for Limestone Mining in Karigatta Limestone Area of 119.64 Hectares with Production Capacity of 1.0 MTPA in Near Village Injepalli & Sedam, Sedam Taluka, Kalaburagi District, Karnataka

2.10 Mineral Beneficiation 2-24 2.11 Conceptual Plan 2-24 2.12 Progressive Mine Closure Plan 2-25 2.13 Land Use Pattern 2-27 2.14 Manpower 2-27 2.15 Water and Waste Water management 2-28 2.16 Working Depth and Ground Water Table 2-29 2.17 Site Service 2-30 2.18 Electricity Requirements 2-30 2.19 Environmental Control Measures 2-30

CHAPTER 3 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 3-1 to 3-54 3.1 Introduction 3-1 3.2 Study Area 3-1 3.2.1 Study Period 3-1 3.2.2 Method of EIA Study 3-1 3.3 Baseline Environment 3-2 3.3.1 Scope of Baseline Data Collection 3-2 3.4 Baseline Environment Status 3-3 3.5 Air Environment 3-3 3.5.1 Meteorology & Climatology 3-3 3.5.2 Ambient Air Quality 3-6 3.5.2.1 Methodology Adopted for Air Quality Survey 3-6 3.5.2.2 Analysis of Baseline Concentrations 3-11 3.5.2.3 Conclusion 3-14 3.6 Noise Environment 3-14 3.6.1 Noise Levels in Study Area 3-14 3.6.2 Noise Level Results 3-17 3.7 Water Environment 3-17 3.7.1 Water Resources 3-18 3.7.2 Water Quality 3-18 3.7.3 Baseline Results 3-20 3.8 Land Environment 3-21 3.8.1 Land Utilization Pattern in the Study Area 3-21 3.8.2 Physiography of the Study Area 3-24 3.8.3 Seismicity of the Study Area 3-24 3.9 Soil Environment 3-25 3.9.1 Soil Quality 3-25 3.9.2 Criteria Adopted for Selection of Sampling Locations 3-26 3.9.3 Methodology of Sampling 3-26 3.9.4 Soil Sampling Locations 3-26 3.9.5 Baseline Results 3-29 3.10 Traffic Density 3-29

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Final EIA/EMP for Limestone Mining in Karigatta Limestone Area of 119.64 Hectares with Production Capacity of 1.0 MTPA in Near Village Injepalli & Sedam, Sedam Taluka, Kalaburagi District, Karnataka

3.11 Biological Environment 3-30 3.11.1 Introduction 3-30 3.11.2 Objectives 3-30 3.11.3 Period of the Study and Study Area 3-31 3.11.4 Methodology 3-31 3.11.5 Floral Study 3-31 3.11.6 Faunal Study 3-38 3.12 Socio Economic Environment 3-42 3.12.1 Study Area at a Glance 3-42 3.12.2 Objectives 3-42 3.12.3 Methodology 3-43 3.12.4 Demographic Profile of the Study Area 3-43 3.12.4.1 Population Profile 3-43 3.12.4.2 Distribution of Population 3-44 3.12.4.3 Social Structure 3-46 3.12.4.4 Literacy Profile 3-47 3.12.4.5 Occupational Structure 3-48 3.12.5 Infrastructural Facilities and Amenities 3-49 3.12.5.1 Education Facility 3-49 3.12.5.2 Medical & Health Facility 3-50 3.12.5.3 Source of Water 3-50 3.12.5.4 Communication Facilities 3-50 3.12.5.5 Transportation Facility 3-51 3.12.6 Social Issue & Needs 3-51 3.12.7 Socio-Economic Observations in the Study Area 3-53 3.12.8 Major Issues in the Region 3-53 3.12.9 Action Plan 3-54

CHAPTER 4 ANITCIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION 4-1 to 4-13 MEASURES 4.1 General 4-1 4.2 Identification of Environmental Impact Due to the 4-1 Proposed Project 4.3 Land Environment 4-3 4.3.1 Anticipated Impact 4-3 4.3.2 Mitigations Measures 4-3 4.4 Water Environment 4-3 4.4.1 Anticipated Impact 4-3 4.4.2 Mitigations Measures 4-4 4.5 Air Environment 4-5 4.5.1 Anticipated Impact 4-5 4.5.2 Mitigations Measures 4-9 4.6 Noise Environment 4-10

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Final EIA/EMP for Limestone Mining in Karigatta Limestone Area of 119.64 Hectares with Production Capacity of 1.0 MTPA in Near Village Injepalli & Sedam, Sedam Taluka, Kalaburagi District, Karnataka

4.6.1 Anticipated Impact 4-10 4.6.2 Mitigation Measures 4-10 4.7 Biological Environment 4-11 4.7.1 Anticipated Impact 4-11 4.7.2 Mitigation Measures 4-11 4.8 Socio-Economic Environment 4-12 4.8.1 Positive Impact 4-12 4.8.2 Adverse Social Impact 4-12 4.8.3 Mitigation Measures 4-12 4.9 Impact on Places of Tourist/Religious/Historical Importance 4-13 4.10 Logistics System of the Area due to the Project 4-13

CHAPTER 5 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES 5-1 5.1 Alternative Technology 5-1 5.2 Factors behind the selection of Project Site 5-1 5.3 Alternate Site 5-1

CHAPTER 6 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM 6-1 to 6-4 6.1 General 6-1 6.2 Methodology of Monitoring Mechanism 6-1 6.3 Environmental Monitoring Cell 6-1 6.4 Environmental Schedule and Parameters 6-2 6.5 Reporting Schedule 6-3 6.6 Environmental Laboratory 6-3 6.7 Budgetary Provision for Environmental Monitoring 6-3 6.8 Environmental Policy of the Company 6-4

CHAPTER 7 ADDITIONAL STUDIES 7-1 to 7-11 7.1 General 7-1 7.2 Public Consultation 7-1 7.3 Risk Assessment 7-1 7.3.1 Risk Analysis and Control Measures 7-1 7.4 Disaster Management Plan (DMP) 7-4 7.5 Social Impact Assessment, R&R Action Plan 7-10

CHAPTER 8 PROJECT BENEFITS 8-5 8.1 Introduction 8-1 8.2 Environment Benefits 8-1 8.3 Employment Potential 8-1 8.4 Social Benefits 8-2 8.4.1 CSR Activities Already Carried Out 8-3 8.4.2 Future CSR Proposal 8-5

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Final EIA/EMP for Limestone Mining in Karigatta Limestone Area of 119.64 Hectares with Production Capacity of 1.0 MTPA in Near Village Injepalli & Sedam, Sedam Taluka, Kalaburagi District, Karnataka

8.5 Economic Benefits 8-5 8.6 Conclusion 8-6

CHAPTER 9 ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS 9-1 to 9-1 9.1 Environmental Cost Benefit Analysis 9-1

CHAPTER 10 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 10-1 to 10-7 10.1 Introduction 10-1 10.2 Purpose of EMP 10-1 10.3 Environmental Management Plan 10-1 10.3.1 Air Environment 10-1 10.3.2 Noise Environment 10-2 10.3.3 Water Environment 10-3 10.3.4 Water Conservation 10-3 10.3.5 Socio-Economic Environment 10-4 10.3.6 Biological Environment 10-4 10.3.7 Occupational Health & Safety 10-6 10.4 Environment Management Cell 10-7 10.5 Budgetary Provision for EMP 10-7

CHAPTER 11 SUMMARY & CONCLUSION 11-1 to 11-12 11.1 Introduction 11-1 11.2 Project Brief 11-1 11.3 Baseline Environment 11-3 11.4 Anticipated Environmental Impacts 11-3 11.5 Environmental Monitoring Programme 11-9 11.6 Project Benefits 11-10 11.7 Environment Management Plan 11-11 11.8 Conclusion 11-12

CHAPTER 12 DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS 12-1 to 12-1 12.1 Introduction 12-1 12.2 EIA Team Members 12-1

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE. NO DESCRIPTION PAGE NO. CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Brief Description of Project 1-4 1.2 Compliance of Terms of Reference 1-5

CHAPTER 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

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Final EIA/EMP for Limestone Mining in Karigatta Limestone Area of 119.64 Hectares with Production Capacity of 1.0 MTPA in Near Village Injepalli & Sedam, Sedam Taluka, Kalaburagi District, Karnataka

2.1 Year-wise Production Details 2-1 2.2 Coordinates of Mine Site 2-2 2.3 Aerial Distance of Importance Features from Mine Site in km 2-2 with Direction 2.4 Salient Features of the Mine Site 2-5 2.5 Salient Features of the Limestone Mine 2-7 2.6 Status of Land 2-8 2.7 Existing Landuse Pattern (In Ha.) 2-9 2.8 Regional Stratigraphic Sequence of the Rock 2-11 2.9 Summary Details of Old Core BHs Drilled in Lease 2-16 2.10 Details of the Reserve/Resources as on 01.01.2019 2-18 2.11 Details of Existing Quarry 2-19 2.12 Year-wise Production Calculation 2-22 2.13 Details of Mining Machinery 2-23 2.14 Calculation of Financial Assurance 2-25 2.15 Landuse Pattern 2-27 2.16 Manpower Required for Management and Supervision 2-27 2-17 Water Requirement for ML Area 2-28 2-18 Proposed Working Depth at Mine Site 2-29

CHAPTER 3 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 3.1 Observed Meteorological Data 3-4 3.2 Details of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring 3-7 3.3 Analytical/Measurement Methods 3-8 3.4 Summary of Ambient Air Quality Results 3-9 3.5 Results of Free Silica in PM10 3-10 3.6 Ambient Noise Quality Monitoring Location 3-15 3.7 Summary of Ambient Noise Quality Results 3-16 3.8 Details of Water Sampling Locations 3-18 3.9 Summary of Ground Water Sample Analysis Results 3-18 3.10 Summary of Surface Water Sample Analysis Results 3-19 3.11 Land Utilization Pattern within 10 Km Radius Area 3-21 3.12 Existing Landuse Pattern (In Ha.) 3-23 3.13 Landuse Pattern 3-24 3.14 Details of Soil Sampling Locations 3-26 3.15 Standard Soil Classification 3-27 3.16 Soil Analysis Results 3-28 3.17 List of Trees Observed in Core Zone (10x10m) 3-33 3.18 List of Trees Observed in Buffer Zone (10x10m) 3-33 3.19 List of Shrubs observed in Core Zone (5x5m) 3-34 3.20 List of Shrubs observed in Buffer Zone (5x5m) 3-35 3.21 List of Herbs observed in Core Zone (1x1m) 3-36 3.22 List of Herbs observed in Buffer Zone (1x1m) 3-37 3.23 Systematic Lists of Birds in Study Area 3-39 3.24 List of Mammals in the Buffer Zone 3-39 3.25 Amphibians and Reptiles in the Study Area 3-40

vi GMEC Authorized Signatory INTERNATIONAL

Final EIA/EMP for Limestone Mining in Karigatta Limestone Area of 119.64 Hectares with Production Capacity of 1.0 MTPA in Near Village Injepalli & Sedam, Sedam Taluka, Kalaburagi District, Karnataka

3.26 Major Features in the Study Area 3-40 3.27 Population Composition of Study Area 3-43 3.28 Distribution of Population 3-45 3.29 Distribution of Population by Social Structure 3-46 3.30 Literacy Profile of the Study Area 3-46 3.31 Occupational Structure of the Study Area 3-49 3.32 Educational Facilities in the Study Area 3-50 3.33 Medical Facilities in the Study Area 3-50 3.34 Medical Facilities in the Study Area 3-50 3.35 Communication Facilities in the Study Area 3-51 3.36 Transportation Facilities in the Study Area 3-51 3.37 Focus Group Discussion Details 3-52

CHAPTER 4 ANITCIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES 4.1 Interactions between Project Activity and Environmental 4-2 Sensitivities 4.2 Waste Water Generation and Treatment/ Disposal 4-4 4.3 Sources of Pollutants 4-6 4.4 Emission Factors for Mining Operations used for Modeling 4-7 4.5 Result Summary of PM10 Concentration (µg/m2) 4-8 4.6 Result Summary of PM2.5 Concentration (µg/m2) 4-8 4.7 Result Summary of NOx Concentration (µg/m2) 4-9

CHAPTER 6 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM 6.1 Monitoring Schedule and Parameters 6-3 6.2 Budget for Environmental Monitoring Cost 6-4

CHAPTER 7 ADDITIONAL STUDIES 7.1 Factors, Detailed Analysis of Causes and Control Measures 7-2 7.2 Emergency Responses 7-6

CHAPTER 8 PROJECT BENEFITS 8.1 CSR Activities Carried Out During Last Three Years 8-3 8.2 Summary of Proposed Action Plan with Budget of CER 8-5

CHAPTER 10 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 10.1 Suggested Plant for Green Belt/ Plantation 10-5 10.2 Afforestation Programme in the 2 year plan period and 10-6 conceptual period 10.3 Cost of Provision for Environmental Protection Measures 10-8

CHAPTER 12 DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS 12.1 List Of Consultant Engaged 12-2

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Final EIA/EMP for Limestone Mining in Karigatta Limestone Area of 119.64 Hectares with Production Capacity of 1.0 MTPA in Near Village Injepalli & Sedam, Sedam Taluka, Kalaburagi District, Karnataka

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE. NO DESCRIPTION PAGE NO. CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Lease Boundary of ML No. 2015 1-1

CHAPTER 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.1 Location Map 2-3 2.2 Key Map 2-4 2.3 All Corner Coordinates of the Mining Lease Area 2-5 2.4 Topographical Map Showing 10 km Radius 2-6 2.5 Photographs of the ML Area 2-7 2.6 Surface Plan of ML 2-10 2.7 Drainage Map 2-11 2.8 Geological Plan 2-14 2.9 Geological Cross Section 2-15 2.10 Surface Plan 2-20 2.11 Flow Sheet Indicated Different Stages of Mining Operations 2-21 2.12 Conceptual Plan & Sections 2-24 2.13 Financial Area Assurance Plan 2-26 2.14 Water Balance Diagram for the Mine Site 2-28 2.15 Proposed Working Level at Mine Site 2-30

CHAPTER 3 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 3.1 Study Area within 10 KM Radius (Index Plan) 3-2 3.2 Wind Rose Diagram 3-5 3.3 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Location Map 3-8 3.4 Photographs of AAQ Sampling Stations 3-11 3.5 Ambient Noise Quality Monitoring Location Map 3-15 3.6 Photographs of Ambient Noise Quality Monitoring 3-17 3.7 Water Sampling (Ground + Surface) Location Map 3-19 3.8 Sample Collection for Water Quality 3-20 3.9 Land Use/ Land Cover Pattern of the Study Area 3-22 3.10 Satellite Imagery of the Study Area 3-23 3.11 Map of Seismic Zone Classification of India 3-25 3.12 Soil Quality Sampling Location Map 3-27 3.13 Photographs of Soil Sampling 3-29 3.14 Demographic Map of Study Area 3-45 3.15 Photographs of Public Interaction 3-52

CHAPTER 4 ANITCIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES

4.1 Isopleths of PM10 Concentration in 10 km Radius from the 4-8 Mine Site

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Final EIA/EMP for Limestone Mining in Karigatta Limestone Area of 119.64 Hectares with Production Capacity of 1.0 MTPA in Near Village Injepalli & Sedam, Sedam Taluka, Kalaburagi District, Karnataka

4.2 Isopleths of PM2.5 Concentration in 10 km Radius from the 4-8 Mine Site 4.3 Isopleths of NOX Concentration in 10 km Radius from the 4-9 Mine Site 4.4 Transportation Route from Mines to CCI Factory through 4-14 CCI’S Own Road

CHAPTER 6 ENVIRONMENT MONITORING PROGRAMME 6.1 Environmental Monitoring Plan 6-2

CHAPTER 7 ADDITIONAL STUDIES 7.1 Identification of Hazards in Open Cast Mine 7-4 7.2 On-site Emergency Chart 7-10 7.3 Off-site Emergency Chart 7-11

CHAPTER 8 PROJECT BENEFITS 8.1 Photographs of CSR Initiatives 8-4

CHAPTER 10 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 10.1 Existing Rainwater Harvesting 10-3 10.2 Environmental Management Cell 10-7

LIST OF ANNEXURES

S.NO NAME I Approved Term of References (TORs) II Copy of Lease Deed III Copy of Renewal Letter of Mine IV Meteorological Data – Pre monsoon (March –May, 2019) V Ambient Air Quality Results- Pre monsoon VI Ambient Noise Quality Results VII Drinking Water Standards (IS: 10500-2012) VIII List of Flora in Study Area IX QCI- NABET Certificate X QCI- NABL Certificate XI Questionnaire for Environmental Appraisal XII Copy of Approved Mining Plan

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Final EIA/EMP for Limestone Mining in Karigatta Limestone Area of 119.64 Hectares with Production Capacity of 1.0 MTPA in Near Village Injepalli & Sedam, Sedam Taluka, Kalaburagi District, Karnataka

ABBREVIATIONS

AAQS Ambient Air Quality Standards AAQM Ambient Air Quality Monitoring BCA Benefit Cost Analysis BCM Billion Cubic Meters BOD Biological Oxygen Demand CBA Cost Benefit Analysis COD Chemical Oxygen Demand CCI Cement Corporation of India Limited CGWB Central Ground Water Board CHC Community Health Centre CRZ Coastal Regulation Zone CSR Corporate Social Responsibility DG Diesel Generator DMP Disaster Management Plan EAC Expert Appraisal Committee EC Environment Clearance EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EMP Environment Management Plan GMEC Global Management And Engineering Consultants HC Hydrocarbon IMD India Meteorological Department KLD Kilo Litre Per Day MoEF&CC Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change NAAQS National Ambient Air Quality Standards NABET National Accreditation Board for Education and Training PHC Primary Health Centre PM Particulate Matter PUCC Pollution Under Control Certificate QRA Quantitative Risk Analysis RA Risk Assessment SPCB State Pollution Control Board SPM Suspended Particulate Matter SROI Social Return on Investment ToR Term of Reference WMP Waste Management Plan WPA Wildlife Protection Act

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Final EIA/EMP Report for Limestone Mining in Karigatta Limestone Area of 119.64 Hectares with Production Capacity of 1.0 MTPA in Near Village Injepalli & Sedam, Sedam Taluka, Kalaburagi District, Karnataka Executive Summary

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1.0 INTRODUCTION

Cement Corporation of India Limited (CCI) is having three mining leases in Injepalli, Sedam & Madkal Village, Sedam Taluka, Kalaburgi District, Karnataka. These lease details are given below: Lease Area (In S. No. ML No. Near Village Classification Hect.) 1. 2015 119.64 Injepalli & Sedam Non Forest Land 2. 1880 68.91 Sedam & Madkal Non Forest Land 3. 1339 52.81 Sedam & Injepalli Non Forest Land

This project pertains to getting Environmental Clearance for Karigatta limestone, ML No. 2015 for an extent of 119.64 Ha.

As per the Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification dated 14th September 2006 as amended till date, the proposed project falls under ‘Category A Project’ under activity ‘1(a)’ as the total area is >100 Ha. The proposed project lies within the interstate boundary of Telangana and Karnataka, which is about 2.2 km towards ENE from the mine site. It necessitates obtaining the prior Environmental Clearance from MoEF&CC.

1.1 PROJECT PROFILE

Cement Corporation of India Limited (CCI) has proposed Limestone mining project in order to meet the requirement of Limestone (Which is the basic raw material for manufacturing of cement) for their existing cement plant located in Kurkunta, Karnataka. This project pertains to mining of limestone with peak production capacity of about 1.0 MTPA area of 119.64 ha located at near village Injepalli & Sedam, Sedam taluka in Kalaburgi district of Karnataka. This mine is the captive source for supply of limestone to its cement Plant. Total cost of the proposed project is Rs. 360 lakhs.

Proposed mine site is located near Village Injepalli about 6.0 km far from Sedam. SH-10 is passing ~ 1.0 km from the said mine. The village habitation in Injepalli is about 2.5 km towards West of this mine. The Kurgunta cement plant of Company is at Kurgunta at a distance of 5 km from Mine Site and along SH-10.

GMEC E-1 INTERNATIONAL Authorized Signatory

Salient Features of the Project Site:

S. No. Features Details 1. Village, Tehsil, District, Sedam and Injepalli, Sedam, Kalaburgi, State Karnataka 2. Latitude (N) & Longitude 17° 9' 9.80" N to 17° 8' 16.3" N (E) 77° 20' 49.93" E to 77° 19' 54.35" E 3. Altitude 438-493 m above MSL 4. The topography around the mining lease Topography area is slightly undulating with a northerly gentle gradient. 5. Nearest Water Bodies Within lease area 6. Nearest Highway S.H. – 10, 1.60 km, SW 7. Nearest Railway Station Kurgunta R.S., 5.30 km, NE 8. Nearby Industries Birla Shakti Cement Plant, 4.30 km, W 9. Nearest Village Injepalli, 2.60 km, W 10. Nearest Town Kurgunta, 4.60 km, NNE 11. Inter-State Boundary Karnataka – Telangana, 3.40 km, ENE 12. Rajiv Gandhi International Airport Nearest Airport (Hyderabad), 115 km, E 13. Nearby Forest Mailwar R.F., 6.90 km, ESE 14. Historical Places Malkhed Fort, 20 .00 km, WNW

Salient Features of the Limestone Mine:

S. No. Description Details 1. Name of the mine lease M.L. No. 2015 2. Extent of mine lease area 119.64 Ha. 3. Location & Coordinates Sedam and Injepalli Village 17° 9' 9.80" N to 17° 8' 16.3" N 77° 20' 49.93" E to 77° 19' 54.35" E 4. Elevation ,MSL 438-493 m above MSL 5. Type of ML area Non-forest land and Non -agricultural land 6. Proposed capacity of mine 1.0 Million TPA limestone production 7. Expected life of mine 49.45 years @ keeping max 1.0 MTPA production/ annum 8. Method of mining Opencast Mechanized with deep hole drilling and blasting 9. Geological reserves 97296363 Tons 10. Mineable Reserves 50785488 Tons 11. Average stripping ratio 1.0 : 0.1 (Limestone: OB) 12. Ultimate pit level (Plan 444 MSL period) 13. Safety zone 7.5 m around ML boundary 14. Working hours 7 Hr. in 300 days of operation in a year

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15. No. of Benches 3 16. Max. bench height 7 m 17. Bench Width 17 m 18. Working bench angle 70° 19. Overall final pit slope 45° 20. Water requirement 20 KLD 21. Source of water For Domestic – Tanker Water Supply For others – fulfilled from mine pit 22. Power requirement Approx. 40 KW (Combined) 23. Source of power Karnataka State Electricity Board 24. Manpower requirement 36 Nos. 25. Transport of Limestone Tippers/Dumpers

1.2 DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT

As part of Environmental Impact Assessment study, CCI Limited initiated steps to carry out Environmental Impact assessment over a radial distance of 10 km around the mine during summer season of 2019, covering the months of March to May.

Climatology & Meteorology:

The region experiences four seasons: Hot dry Summer (March – June), Monsoon (July – September), Post –monsoon (October – November) and winter (December – February). May is generally the hottest month; the mean daily maximum temperature being 37.0°C. January is the coldest month with the mean daily maximum temperature at 27.0°C. The average annual rainfall in the Kalaburgi district is 886 mm with about 95% occurring during June – September.

The predominant wind directions during this period were from W-ENE.

Air Environment:

Air quality monitored at 8 locations indicates that the concentrations of PM10,

PM2.5, SO2, NOx and CO are within the limits of the Ambient Air Quality Standards (2009) (AAQS) as expected for undeveloped rural areas. The sources of air pollution in the region are vehicular traffic, dust arising from unpaved village roads and domestic fuel burning.

Noise Environment:

Eight monitoring locations were selected to assess the noise levels in the study area. Noise levels recorded were found to be in the range of 47.4 to 67.2 dB (A) during daytime and in the range of 38.4 to 60.3 dB (A) during night time.

Water Environment:

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Five ground water and five surface water samples each were collected in and around the study area. Ground water samples were drawn from hand pumps in villages. The results of ground water analysis satisfy the permissible limits of the IS: 10500 (2012) Drinking Water – Specification.

Soil Environment:

Five soil samples were collected within 10 km radial distance of the study area and were analyzed to study the soil quality. Monitoring data shows that the texture of soil at all locations is Sandy Clay Loam.

Biological Environment:

From the study it has been observed that there are no endangered, endemic or threatened species.

1.3 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

The method of mining is opencast mechanized involves extraction of underneath minerals, along with related operations viz. vehicular movement etc. Drilling and blasting will be required. The environmental parameters likely to be affected by this mining project and mitigating measures are discussed below:

Environmental Impact Mitigating Measures Parameters Air Quality Increased vehicular Proper maintenance of movement due to vehicles, water spraying on transportation of mineral haul roads, use of dust and waste gets dust air extractors will reduce the air borne. borne dust.

Fugitive dust emissions from Controlled Blasting will be mining operations as done. drilling, blasting, excavation, crushing, Screening etc. Noise Quality Operation of various Development of green belt mining machinery around mining area, proper generates noise. maintenance of machinery, personal protective gears. These measures will keep the noise within permissible limits. Scientific blasting shall be there. Water Quality No discharge of effluents There is no process plant. water from the mine. Mining will be done at a Working will not intersect shallow depth above ground ground water level. water level and there is no

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run of water from the mine. Landscape and Land will be degraded Soil will be separately Landuse Pattern due to stacked. Waste will be mining backfilled simultaneously after confirmation of non- availability of mine able mineral. Soil will be used for backfilling purposes. Soil Quality Opencast mining will entail Soil will be stacked the removal of soil. separately and spread evenly over backfilled areas for plantation Flora and Fauna No endangered endemic The mine lease area is waste species are found in study land with no vegetation. Thus area. there shall not be any adverse impact on biological environment due to the mining. Proposed plantation will more than compensate the floral environment. Human No human settlement in No measures required. Settlement mine area and no human displacement will be there. No adverse impact anticipated. Socio-economic The mining activity The economic condition of profile changes the socio people of the area is poor. economic profile of the Mining in this lease will region. generate more employment and improve the socio- economic condition of the people.

1.4 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME

CCI Ltd. will ensure the implementation of measures within the mine area and carryout efficient monitoring. The mine management has planned extensive pollution control and environmental conservation measures with a capital investment of Rs 14.4 Lacs and recurring budget of Rs. 5.76 Lacs per annum. Effectiveness of pollution control measures adopted for mining will be regularly checked under Environmental Monitoring Programme. The location of sampling, frequency & analysis of environmental attributes will be as per the guidelines of CPCB / SPCB.

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Monitoring Schedule and Parameters:

S. Parameters for Duration Monitoring Particulars Location No. Monitoring of Station Frequencies PM10, PM2.5, One location Twice in a 1. Air Emission SO2, NOX and 24 hr inside and year CO four outside Spot Noise level recording One location Twice in a 2. Noise Leq (day), Leq 8 hr inside and year (night), Leq four outside (dn) Surface & One location Physical, Twice in a 3. Ground Grab inside and Chemical year Water four outside Physico- chemical Twice in a Plantation 4. Soil Sampling Grab parameters year areas and metals Handling and Waste disposal as per Mine lease 5. -- Regular Management approved area Mining Plan Initial Medical Examination (IME) and Total health All 6. Health -- Periodic parameters employees Medical Examination – Once in a five year

1.5 EMP EXECUTION TEAM

The experienced personnel in environmental management and pollution control will be appointed on contractual basis and environmental monitoring activities will be carried out through MoEF approved laboratory. The EMP Execution Cell will be headed by the Mine Co-Coordinator and he will be assisted by the personnel from different levels. Mine Manager, Mine Engineer, Foreman, Geologist, Environmental Consultant & Horticulturist (On contract basis), HR Manager, Plantation staff will be integral part of the EMP execution cell and will be responsible for the effective implementation.

1.6 PROJECT BENEFITS

As responsible corporate citizens, CCI Ltd. has always given top most priority for Corporate Social Responsibility in CCI vision and philosophy.

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The project proponent has carried out beneficial social welfare activities to improve the social and physical infrastructure of the local area. They have conducted community need assessment surveys around the project site to identify the areas which need development and improvement under CSR activities. CCI is having a full-fledged CSR coordinator at corporate office to take care of all the CSR activities of their group.

1.7 CONCLUSION

CCI will implement the environmental management plan and will take up various socio economic development activities to have the positive impact on the surroundings.

The mining project has proven/ will prove beneficial to the local people as direct and indirect employment opportunity has been/ will be generated. There is/ will be increase in revenue generation to the government by way of royalty and government taxes etc. Further improvement in infrastructure will take place like education, roads, availability of drinking water, medical facilities in adjacent villages.

There is/will be no significant pollution of air, water, soil and noise. Regular monitoring of all the components of environment has been/will be done. Increased social welfare measures taken by the company has brought/ will bring development in the near-by villages.

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1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 GENERAL

Cement Corporation of India Limited (CCI) is having three mining leases in Injepalli, Sedam & Madkal Village, Sedam Taluka, Kalaburgi District (Karnataka). These lease details are given below:

S. No. ML No. Lease Area (In Near Village Classification Hect.) 1. 2015 119.64 Injepalli & Sedam Non Forest Land 2. 1880 68.91 Sedam & Madkal Non Forest Land 3. 1339 52.81 Sedam & Injepalli Non Forest Land

The above mining leases are contiguous and adjacent to each other. The mining operations are planned on a contiguous working basis as such.

The lease boundary of ML No. 2015 is show below:

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Limestone from these mines is being supplied to CCI cement plant, Kurkunta located about approx. 5.0 km from mine site.

This project pertains to getting Environmental Clearance for Karigatta limestone, ML No. 2015 for an extent of 119.64 Ha.

1.2 PURPOSE OF THE REPORT

Cement Corporation of India Limited (CCI) has initiated action towards obtaining environmental clearance. As per the Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification dated 14th September 2006 as amended till date, the proposed project falls under „Category A Project‟ under activity „1(a)‟ as the total area is >100 Ha. This EIA report addresses the environmental impacts of the proposed project and proposes the mitigation measures for the same.

CCI has presented the project details to MoEF&CC Expert Appraisal Committee during its 3rd meeting held during June 25th -26th, 2019 for production capacity of 1.0 MTPA area of 119.64 ha seeking the Terms of Reference (TOR) for the preparation of EIA report. During the meeting, MoEF’s Expert Appraisal Committee for mining projects has deliberated in detail regarding the proposed location and also defined the TOR. Subsequently issued letter No J- 11015/112/2018-IA.II (M) dated 30th August, 2019 mentioning the discussed TORs. EIA/EMP has been prepared as per the approved TOR in line with the above letter and will be made available to public for comments and concerns. A copy of TOR letter is given in Annexure-I.

Draft EIA/EMP report was submitted to KSPCB and public hearing / consultation process held on 11.09.2020 at near the proposed project site at CCI Colony, Near Temple, Kurkunta Village, Sedam Taluka, Kalaburgi District, Karnataka through District Collector - Kalaburgi District, District Regional Officer, Karnataka State Pollution Control Board, Kalaburgi District, along with the representatives from Cement Corporation of India, the consultants, press fraternity and the public after following mandatory procedures.

This Final EIA/EMP report is prepared incorporating the public hearing proceedings. The elaborate details of public hearing along with proceedings and minutes of Public Hearing are furnished in Para 7.2 in Chapter-VII and Annexure – 11.

This report is prepared based on ‘General Structure of EIA’ given in Appendix III and IIIA of EIA Notification dated 14thSeptember 2006 amended till date.

1.3 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT PROPONENT

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Cement Corporation of India Limited (CCI) was incorporated as company wholly owned by Government of India on 18th January 1965 with the principal objective of achieving self sufficiency in cement production in the country. Since then it has grown in stature to many plants spread over Karnataka, Telangana, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Delhi, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh and Assam.

CCI is having one of it cement plant at Kurkunta, Kalaburgi district, Karnataka for production of cement with capacity of 2.0 Lakhs MT per annum. Lime stone requirement of this cement plant is met from various leases of CCI in the region. Karigatta limestone mine (ML No. 2015) is one of the captive mines located in Sedam taluka, Kalaburgi district to meet their limestone requirement.

CCI is at present having three operating units with an installed capacity of 14.46 lakhs MT per annum. In line with the advancement in cement technology CCI had been adopting the latest one with one million tonne plants at Tandur. Bokajan unit at Assam is under expansion. CCI manufactures various types of cements like Portland Pozzolana Cement (PPC), Portland Slag Cement (PSC) & Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) of varying grades viz. 33, 43, 53 and 53S (special grade cement for manufacture of sleepers for Indian Railways) grades. Under strict quality control with the brand name of CCI Cement. The company has cement plants/ grinding units at the following locations.

CCI Cement Plants Locations:

. Kurkunta in Karnataka (Dry process) (Plant is shut down) . Tandur in Telangana (Dry process) . Adilabad in Telangana (Dry process) . Mandhar in Chhattisgarh (Wet process) . Akaltara in Chhattisgarh (Dry process) . Neemuch in Madhya Pradesh (Dry process) . Okhla Industrial Area in Delhi (Grinding unit; produces around 5 million MT of cement annually) . Charkhgi in Dadri Haryana (semi-dry process) . Rajban in Himachal Pradesh (Dry process) . Bokajan in Assam (Dry process)

The Kurkunta cement plant was established in the year 1972. It is located at Kurkunta which is situated about 60 Kms from Kalaburgi, 150 Kms from Hyderabad and about 5 Kms from Kurkunta Railway Station. The cement plant has dry process klin having clinker capacity of 600 TPD. The limestone requirement of Kurkunta cement plant is mostly met from Karigatta limestone mines.

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Correspondence Address of the Applicant:

M/s Cement Corporation of India Limited Core- V, Scope Complex, 7 Lodhi Road, New Delhi – 110003 Telephone No. -011-24365358 Email: [email protected]

1.4 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT AND ITS IMPORTANCE TO THE COUNTRY & REGION

1.4.1 Brief Description of the Project

The Karigatta Limestone Mine, over an extent of 119.64 Ha of lease no 2015 in S No. 489/1 of village- Injepalli & Sedam of Sedam (T) in Kalaburgi District of Karnataka was granted in favor of M/s Cement Corporation of India vide no.CI/69/EMI/1965/ dated 04/12/1965. The same was executed on 3.05.1966.

The Government of Karnataka has first renewed the mining lease from 03-05- 1986 to 27-06-1996 in favor of M/s Cement Corporation of India. The same was executed on 21-05-1986.The copy of lease deed is annexed herewith as Annexure- II.

The Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Amendment Act 2015 came into force 12.01.2015.Vide Gazette of India dated 03.12.2015. (Mining by Government Company) Rules, 2015 was enforced under tenure of the mining leases for minerals granted to a govt. company before 12.01.2015 shall be granted for a period of 50 years from the 1st grant, which was expired on 03.05.2016.

The Mining operation was stopped from November 1998 due to company financial/operational crises as decided by the M/s Cement Corporation of India.

The Govt. of Karnataka has renewed the mining lease as requested by Cement Corporation of India Limited, Sedam taluka, Kalaburgi district, Karnataka, vide letter dated 18.04.03. Renewal license for Sedam Taluka village Injepalli and Sedam area of 119.64 Ha for extraction of Limestone vide letter no. Min/Geo/Land/82/11-12 dated 03.02.2012. The copy of renewal letter of mine is enclosed in Annexure –III.

The company has applied for Environmental Clearance for proposed production capacity 1.0 MTPA of limestone and Term of Reference (TOR) issued by the EAC, MoEF&CC, New Delhi vide its Letter No. J-11015/112/2018-IA.II (M) dated 30th August, 2019.

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The description of project is given in Table 1.1

Table 1.1: Brief Description of Project

S. No. Details Description 1. Nature Mining of Limestone 2. Size Proposed Mining Capacity is 1.0 MTPA 3. Mining Lease Area 119.64 Hect. 4. Location Survey No. 489/1, Near Village: Injepalli & Sedam, Taluka: Sedam, District: Karnataka 5. Project Cost Rs. 3.6 Crore 6. Project Proponent Cement Corporation of India Ltd.

1.4.2 Importance of Project to the Country and the Region

Cement Corporation of India Limited (CCI) has proposed Limestone mining project in order to meet the requirement of Limestone (Which is the basic raw material for manufacturing of cement) for their existing cement plant located in Kurkunta, Karnataka. This Plant was commissioned in the year 1972. This plant had played key role in the development of the area by providing suitable livelihood to the local inhabitants. The cement based limestone mining industry contributes significantly to the State Gross Domestic Product and provides employment to thousands of workers directly or indirectly.

India has lot of potential for development in the infrastructure and construction sector and the cement sector is expecting a large growth. Some of the recent major government initiatives such as development of 98 smart cities are expected to provide major boost to the cement sector and thereby to limestone mining sector.

1.5 ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE

This project falls under “category A” as per MoEF&CC Notification, Because of mining lease being more than 100 Ha. Hence Form-1, proposed ToR and Feasibility report were submitted to EAC, MoEF&CC for prescribing ToR for preparartion of EIA/EMP report. The Environmental Clearance process for the proposed mining project will comprise a maximum of three stages. These stages in sequential order as:

Stage (1) – Scoping Stage (2) – Public Consultation Stage (3) – Appraisal

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1.6 TERM OF REFERENCE (TOR)

The report is in compliance with the Terms of Reference (TOR) issued by the EAC, MoEF&CC, New Delhi vide its letter no. J-11015/112/2018-IA.II (M) dated 30th August, 2019. The pointwise compliance to the terms of reference is given in Table 1.2.

Table 1.2: Compliance of Terms of Reference

S. No. Terms of Reference Compliance 1. Year-wise production details since 1993-94 Year-wise production details have should be given, clearly stating the highest been given in Table 2.1 in Section-2.2 production achieved in any one year prior to of Chapter-2, indicating highest 1993-94. It may also be categorically informed targeted production of 102278 TPA whether there had been any increase in of limestone in the year 1997-98. production after the EIA Notification 1994 After EIA notification, 2006 came into came into force, w.r.t. the highest production force; the mine operation is closed achieved prior to1994. The production details since year 1999 till date. need to submit since inception of mine duly authenticated by Department of Mines & Geology, State Government. 2. A copy of the document in support of the fact Mining lease grant order, mining that the proponent is the rightful lessee of the lease deed, approved mine plan has mine. been issued in favor of lessee. A copy of renewal lease deed of 119.64 hectare area as fact as attached as Annexure No. III. 3. All documents including approved mine plan, The proponent name and other EIA and Public Hearing should be compatible technical details such as M.L. area, with one another in terms of the mine lease Production capacity, quantity of area, production levels, waste generation and waste and its management and its management, mining technology etc. and mining technology in mine plan and should be in the name of the lessee. EIA, etc., are compatible with one another. 4. All corner coordinates of the mine lease area, Corner coordinates of the lease area superimposed on a High Resolution superimposed in Satellite image and Imagery/Toposheet, topographic sheet, co-ordinates are given as Fig No – geomorphology and geology of the area 2.3 in Chapter - 2. should be provided. Such an Imagery of the proposed area should clearly show the land use and other ecological features of the study area (core and buffer zone). 5. Information should be provided in Survey of Survey of India Toposheet showing India Toposheet in 1:50,000 scale indicating the land form, important water geological map of the area, geomorphology bodies, streams, rivers and other of land forms of the area, existing minerals and features is given as Fig No.3.1 of mining history of the area, important water Chapter – 3.

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bodies, streams and rivers and soil characteristics. 6. Details about the land proposed for mining The entire mine lease area of 119.64 activities should be given with information as to Hectares is private patta lands whether mining conforms to the land use policy owned by CCI. of the State; land diversion for mining should have approval from State land use board or the concerned authority. 7. It should be clearly stated whether the Yes, CCI have a well laid down proponent Company has a well laid down approved Environment Policy approved by its Board of Environment Policy to identify any Directors? If so, it may be spelt out in the EIA deviation or violation of required Report with description of the prescribed Environmental standards / norms operating process/procedures to bring into and take proper action. Also focus any infringement/deviation/violation of Environmental Management Cell will the environmental or forest norms/ conditions? be in place for effective monitoring The hierarchical system or administrative order and to ensure the implementation of of the Company to deal with the various environmental control environmental issues and for ensuring measures effectively and to oversee compliance with the EC conditions may also various environmental management be given. The system of reporting of non- schemes for air quality control, water compliances / violations of environmental quality status, noise level control, norms to the Board of Directors of the plantation programmes, social Company and/or shareholders or stakeholders development schemes, etc. in the at large, may also be detailed in the proposed mines and the same is detailed in, safeguard measures in each case should also Chapter VI. be provided. 8. Issues relating to Mine Safety, including Mining will be carried out by subsidence study in case of underground mechanized opencast method with mining and slope study in case of open cast drilling and blasting as per mining mining, blasting study etc. should be detailed. plan/ Scheme with Progressive Mine The proposed safeguard measures in each Closure Plan approved by Indian case should also be provided. Bureau of Mines.

Subsidence factor does not apply to this project, as it is an opencast mining.

Blasting and vibration study details are given in Para 2.8.1 of Chapter- 2.

Various risks likely to arise due to mining activities and the safeguard measures are detailed in Para 7.3 of Chapter 7. 9. The study area will comprise of 10 km zone The study area chosen for collecting around the mine lease from lease periphery existing environmental status covers

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and the data contained in the EIA such as 10 km radial distance from the waste generation etc. should be for the life of periphery of the lease area (Fig No - the mine / lease period. 3.1). Data given in the report for limestone, waste etc., is for the life of the mine. 10 Land use of the study area delineating forest A map delineating all the features area, agricultural land, grazing land, wildlife such as Forests, Agricultural Land, sanctuary, national park, migratory routes of Grazing Land, Wildlife Sanctuary and fauna, water bodies, human settlements and National Parks etc. has been other ecological features should be indicated. prepared and given in Figure- 3.9 of Land use plan of the mine lease area should Chapter-3. be prepared to encompass preoperational, operational and post operational phases and Land use classification of 10km radius submitted. Impact, if any, of change of land study area around the mine site, is as use should be given. given in Table-3.11 of Chapter-3.

As per Approved Mine Plan, Land use pattern for existing and Post- operational phases is given in Table- 3.12 & 3.13 of Chapter-3. 11. Details of the land for any Over Burden Dumps Since there is no overburden, no outside the mine lease, such as extent of land mine development work & no O.B. area, distance from mine lease, its land use, ratio was envisaged during the R&R issues, if any, should be given. period under review. 12. A Certificate from the Competent Authority in There is no forest land involved in the the State Forest Department should be mine lease. provided, confirming the involvement of forest land, if any, in the project area. In the event of any contrary claim by the Project Proponent regarding the status of forests, the site may be inspected by the State Forest Department along with the Regional Office of the Ministry to ascertain the status of forests, based on which, the Certificate in this regard as mentioned above be issued. In all such cases, it would be desirable for representative of the State Forest Department to assist the Expert Appraisal Committees. 13. Status of forestry clearance for the broken up Forest clearance is not applicable in area and virgin forestland involved in the this case as there is no forest land Project including deposition of net present involved. value (NPV) and compensatory afforestation (CA) should be indicated. A copy of the forestry clearance should also be furnished. 14. Implementation status of recognition of forest Not Applicable, as there is no forest rights under the Scheduled Tribes and other land involved.

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Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 should be indicated. 15. The vegetation in the RF / PF areas in the study The vegetation in the RF/PF area is area, with necessary details, should be given. given in Section-3.11 of Chapter-3 of EIA report and a detailed list of Flora is attached as Annexure–VIII. 16. A study shall be got done to ascertain the All necessary mitigative measures will impact of the Mining Project on wildlife of the be study area and details furnished. Impact of the Implemented to ensure no impact project on the wildlife in the surrounding and on the study area. any other protected area and accordingly, detailed mitigative measures required, should The study of flora & fauna has been be worked out with cost implications and done in core as well as in buffer submitted. zone; no negative impact on wildlife of surrounding area has been anticipated as the mining will be confined to core zone only. Biological study is given in Chapter-3, of EIA/EMP report. 17. Location of National Parks, Sanctuaries, No ecologically sensitive features like Biosphere Reserves, Wildlife Corridors, Ramsar National parks, Sanctuaries, Wildlife site Tiger/Elephant Reserves/(existing as well as corridors, biosphere parks, etc., in proposed), if any, within 10 km of the mine core or buffer zone of the project. lease should be clearly indicated, supported by a location map duly authenticated by Chief Wildlife Warden. Necessary clearance, as may be applicable to such projects due to proximity of the ecologically sensitive areas as mentioned above, should be obtained from the Standing Committee of National Board of Wildlife and copy furnished. 18. A detailed biological study of the study area A detailed study of flora and fauna [core zone and buffer zone (10 km radius of the composition in the core and buffer periphery of the mine lease)] shall be carried zone of the project has been made out. Details of flora and fauna, endangered, through primary field surveys. The endemic and RET Species duly authenticated, details are furnished in Para 3.11, separately for core and buffer zone should be Chapter -3. furnished based on such primary field survey, clearly indicating the Schedule of the fauna As per primary field surveys of flora & present. In case of Fauna, there is no endangered, any scheduled-I fauna found in the study area, endemic, Schedule –I Specie within the necessary plan along with budgetary the study area. provisions for their conservation should be prepared in consultation with State Forest and Wildlife Department and details furnished. Necessary allocation of funds for implementing the same should be made as part of the

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project cost. 19. Proximity to Areas declared as ‘Critically Not Applicable, No Critically Polluted Polluted’ or the Project areas likely to come areas as notified by the Central under the ‘Aravali Range’, (attracting court Pollution Control Board are located restrictions for mining operations), should also within 10 km from the boundary of be indicated and where so required, mining lease. clearance certifications from the prescribed Authorities, such as the SPCB or State Mining The mining lease area does not fall Dept. Should be secured and furnished to the under ‘Aravali Range’. effect that the proposed mining activities could be considered. 20. Similarly, for coastal Projects, A CRZ map duly Not Applicable, The project does not authenticated by one of the authorized attract clearance from Coastal agencies demarcating LTL. HTL, CRZ area, Regulation Zone Management location of the mine lease w.r.t CRZ, coastal Authority features such as mangroves, if any, should be furnished. (Note: The Mining Projects falling under CRZ would also need to obtain approval of the concerned Coastal Zone Management Authority). 21. R&R Plan/compensation details for the Project As per the Socio-Economic Survey, Affected People (PAP) should be furnished. no R&R Plan is envisaged; as there is While preparing the R&R Plan, the relevant no displacement of people from State/National Rehabilitation & Resettlement their respective areas. Policy should be kept in view. In respect of SCs /STs and other weaker sections of the society in the study area, a need based sample survey, family-wise, should be undertaken to assess their requirements, and action programmes prepared and submitted accordingly, integrating the sectoral programmes of line departments of the State Government. It may be clearly brought out whether the village(s) located in the mine lease area will be shifted or not. The issues relating to shifting of village(s) including their R&R and socio-economic aspects should be discussed in the Report. 22. One season (non-monsoon) [i.e. March - May The baseline data on micro- (Summer Season); October - December (post meteorology, ambient air quality, monsoon season); December - February Water quality, noise level, soil and (winter season)] primary baseline data on flora & fauna are collected during ambient air quality as per CPCB Notification of Summer Season (March 2019 – May 2009, water quality, noise level, soil and flora 2019) and detailed in Para 3.5 to 3.12 and fauna shall be collected and the AAQ of Chapter-3. and other data so compiled presented date- wise in the EIA and EMP Report. Site-specific Monitoring stations was selected

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meteorological data should also be collected. taking into account of pre-dominant The location of the monitoring stations should downwind direction and location of be such as to represent whole of the study sensitive receptors. area and justified keeping in view the pre-

dominant downwind direction and location of Free silica composition in PM10 sensitive receptors. There should be at least sample has been done and the one monitoring station within 500 m of the mine values are found to be Below lease in the pre-dominant downwind direction. Detectable Limit (DL – 0.97mg/m3) The mineralogical composition of PM10, which is well within the prescribed particularly for free silica, should be given. limit of 5.0 mg/m3. 23. Air quality modeling should be carried out for Air quality modeling is carried out for prediction of impact of the project on the air prediction of impact of the project quality of the area. It should also take into on the air quality of the area. The account the impact of movement of vehicles same is presented under Para 4.2 for transportation of mineral. The details of the and its sub- Para, of Chapter – 4. model used and input parameters used for modeling should be provided. The air quality Predicted maximum ground level

contours may be shown on a location map concentration of PM10 & NOx is clearly indicating the location of the site, shown in Fig No - 4.1 & 4.2 and Table location of sensitive receptors, if any, and the No. 4.5 & 4.6. habitation. The wind roses showing predominant wind direction may also be indicated on the map. 24. The water requirement for the Project, its Water requirement for the project is availability and source should be furnished. A 22 KLD. Water for domestic purpose detailed water balance should also be will be sourced the existing facility in provided. Fresh water requirement for the nearby mining lease, whereas water Project should be indicated. for dust suppression and greenbelt development will be sourced from water stored in pit in adjoining operative lease. Water Balance is given in Table 2-17 & Fig No. 2.14, of Chapter -2. 25. Necessary clearance from the Competent About 18 KLD water is required for Authority for drawl of requisite quantity of water dust suppression and green belt for the Project should be provided. development, which will be made available from pit water and about 2 KLD drinking water will purchase from dug well nearby villagers. So, no question of clearance arises. 26. Description of water conservation measures The detailed method of water proposed to be adopted in the Project should conservation is given in Section be given. Details of rainwater harvesting 10.3.4, on Chapter -10. proposed in the Project, if any, should be provided. The area will be covered with network of garland drains to divert the surface runoff following the

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topography to meet the garland drains in existence in the adjoining ML area and in turn will be collected at the rain water harvesting pond already in existence. 27. Impact of the Project on the water quality, The impact on water quality on both both surface and groundwater, should be surface and ground water is assessed and necessary safeguard measures, if negligible as Limestone mining any required, should be provided. activity does not generate any waste-water. 28. Based on actual monitored data, it may clearly Limestone mining is proposed by be shown whether working will intersect mechanized opencast method with groundwater. Necessary data and drilling and blasting. At present the documentation in this regard may be depth of the mine is 23m in pit 1 and provided. In case the working will intersect the maximum depth at the end of groundwater table, a detailed Hydro scheme period (2nd Year) will be 20 Geological Study should be undertaken and m. The groundwater level is 22-25 m Report furnished. The Report inter-alia, shall below surface level. Hence, mining include details of the aquifers present and will not intersect the Groundwater impact of mining activities on these aquifers. table. It is detailed in Section-2.16 of Necessary permission from Central Ground Chapter-2 with working depth, Water Authority for working below ground groundwater table data. water and for pumping of ground water should also be obtained and copy furnished. 29. Details of any stream, seasonal or otherwise, There are no streams or any surface passing through the lease area and water course passing through the modification / diversion proposed, if any, and lease area. the impact of the same on the hydrology should be. 30. Information on site elevation, working depth, Information on site elevation, groundwater table etc. Should be provided working depth, groundwater table both in AMSL and BGL. A schematic diagram has been given in Table-2.18 & may also be provided for the same. schematic diagram has been shown in Figure-2.15 of Chapter-2. 31. A time bound Progressive Greenbelt Greenbelt development plan is give Development Plan shall be prepared in a in Section 10.3.6 of Chapter -10. tabular form (indicating the linear and quantitative coverage, plant species and time Green belt will be developed by frame) and submitted, keeping in mind, the planting same will have to be executed up front on Indigenous/native plant species. commencement of the Project. Phase-wise Since lease is new no plantation was plan of plantation and compensatory done in past. afforestation should be charted clearly indicating the area to be covered under plantation and the species to be planted. The details of plantation already done should be given. The plant species selected for green belt

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should have greater ecological value and should be of good utility value to the local population with emphasis on local and native species and the species which are tolerant to pollution. 32. Impact on local transport infrastructure due to Transportation of Limestone is the Project should be indicated. Projected proposed by trucks/dumpers. Existing increase in truck traffic as a result of the Project road network will be sufficient and in the present road network (including those able to handle the increased load. outside the Project area) should be worked out, indicating whether it is capable of Approx. 20 trips per day will be handling the incremental load. Arrangement generated due to proposed project; for improving the infrastructure, if however these trips will be contemplated (including action to be taken by transported through the internal haul other agencies such as State Government) roads of mine and existing approach should be covered. Project Proponent shall road through nearby lease leading conduct Impact of Transportation study as per to cement plant, as the proposed Indian Road Congress Guidelines. project is for supply of raw material to cement plant no additional traffic will be generated in public road. 33. Details of the onsite shelter and facilities to be Infrastructure facilities like site office, provided to the mine workers should be first aid room, rest room and canteen included in the EIA Report. cum rest shed and site service will be provided at quarrying site. 34. Conceptual post mining land use and Details of post-mining land-use are Reclamation and Restoration of mined out given in Section-2.13 of Chapter-2. areas (with plans and with adequate number of sections) should be given in the EIA report. 35. Occupational Health impacts of the Project Elaborate details in this respect are should be anticipated and the proposed furnished in Para 10.3 and its Sub preventive measures spelt out in detail. Details Para 10.3.7 in Chapter -10. of pre-placement medical examination and periodical medical examination schedules should be incorporated in the EMP. The project specific occupational health mitigation measures with required facilities proposed in the mining area may be detailed. 36. Public health implications of the Project and In this project Occupational health related activities for the population in the surveillance program for employees impact zone should be systematically will be carried out in compliance to evaluated and the proposed remedial Mines Act, 1952 & Rules 1955, mines measures should be detailed along with conference of safety promotions. budgetary allocations. Elaborate details in this respect are furnished in Para 10.3.7 & Table -10.3 in Chapter -10, indicating pubic implications of the project and

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related activities for the population in the impact zone. 37. Measures of socio economic significance and Cement Corporation of India Limited influence to the local community proposed to has implemented good corporate be provided by the Project Proponent should social responsibility activities (CSR) be indicated. As far as possible, quantitative around their project site. The dimensions may be given with time frames for proponent has spent about approx. implementation. Rs. 20 lakhs under various CSR activities from the year 2016 – 2019. The details are given in Para 4.7 in Chapter – 8 and Para 10.3.5 in Chapter -10. 38. Detailed environmental management plan EMP is given in Chapter10 (EMP) to mitigate the environmental impacts which, should inter-alia include the impacts of change of land use, loss of agricultural and grazing land, if any, occupational health impacts besides other impacts specific to the proposed Project. 39. Public Hearing points raised and commitment It will be incorporated after public of the Project Proponent on the same along hearing with time bound Action Plan with budgetary provisions to implement the same should be provided and also incorporated in the final EIA/EMP Report of the Project. 40. Details of litigation pending against the project, No litigation is pending against the if any, with direction /order passed by any project Court of Law against the Project should be given. 41. The cost of the Project (capital cost and The total estimated cost of the recurring cost) as well as the cost towards project is Rs. 360 Lakhs. Towards EMP implementation of EMP should be clearly spelt measures Rs. 14.4 Lakhs is spent out. under capital cost. Besides, Rs.5.76 Lakhs per annum will be spent under recurring cost. The cost of project and EMP cost has been given in Section-10.5 of Chapter-10. 42. A Disaster Management Plan shall be prepared Disaster Management and Risk and included in the EIA/EMP Report. Assessment Plan has been prepared and incorporated in Chapter-7. 43. Benefits of the Project if the Project is Project benefits are given in implemented should be spelt out. The benefits Chapter-8. of the Project shall clearly indicate environmental, social, economic, employment potential, etc. 44. The activities and budget earmarked for The project cost is Rs. 336 Lakhs. As

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Corporate Environmental Responsibility (CER) per the TOR point No. 44, 1.0% shall be as per Ministry's O.M No 22-65/2017-IA. project cost is to be marked for II (M) dated 01.05.2018 and the action plan on Corporate Enterprise Responsibility the activities proposed under CER shall be (CER) based on local need. submitted at the time of appraisal of the Accordingly, Rs. Detailed Action project included in the EIA/EMP Report. plan with budgetary allocation will be prepared against Points raised in Public hearing. 45. The Action Plan on the compliance of the Complied recommendations of the CAG as per Ministry's Circular No. J-11013/71/2016-IA.I (M), dated 25.10.2017 needs to be submitted at the time of appraisal of the project and included in the EIA/EMP Report. 46. Compliance of the Ministry’s Office Complied Memorandum No. F: 3-50/2017-IA.III (Pt.), dated 30.05.2018 on the judgment of Hon’ble Supreme Court, dated the 2nd August, 2017 in Writ Petition (Civil) No. 114 of 2014 in the matter of Common Cause versus Union of India needs to be submitted and included in the EIA/EMP Report. 47. Besides the above, the below mentioned general points are also to be followed: - a. All documents to be properly referenced with All documents are properly index and continuous page numbering. referenced with index and continuous page numbering b. Where data are presented in the Report Complied especially in Tables, the period in which the data were collected and the sources should be indicated. c. Project Proponent shall enclose all the Data of Air, soil and noise are given analysis/testing reports of water, air, soil, noise in Chapter-3. etc. using the MoEF&CC/NABL accredited laboratories. All the original analysis/testing reports should be available during appraisal of the Project. d. Where the documents provided are in a Complied language other than English, an English translation should be provided. e. The Questionnaire for environmental appraisal Please refer Annexure - XI of mining projects as devised earlier by the Ministry shall also be filled and submitted. f. While preparing the EIA report, the instructions It will be complied for the Proponents and instructions for the Consultants issued by MoEF vide O.M. No. J- 11013/41/2006-IA.II (I) dated 4th August, 2009,

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which are available on the website of this Ministry, should be followed. g. Changes, if any made in the basic scope and Will be complied in case of any project parameters (as submitted in Form-I and changes the PFR for securing the TOR) should be brought to the attention of MoEF&CC with reasons for such changes and permission should be sought, as the TOR may also have to be altered. Post Public Hearing changes in structure and content of the draft EIA/EMP (other than modifications arising out of the P.H. process) will entail conducting the PH again with the revised documentation. h. As per the circular no. J-11011/618/2010-IA. II (I) This is case fresh granted lease and dated 30.5.2012, certified report of the status of no EC has been granted yet. compliance of the conditions stipulated in the environment clearance for the existing operations of the project, should be obtained from the Regional Office of Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, as may be applicable. i. The EIA report should also include (i) surface Mining plan is attached as plan of the area indicating contours of main Annexure- XII topographic features, drainage and mining area, (ii) geological maps and sections and (iii) Sections of the mine pit and external dumps, if any, clearly showing the land features of the adjoining area.

1.7 POST ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE MONITORING

Environmental Monitoring Program shall be implemented for the proposed mining operations in post environmental clearance phase also. Environmental monitoring program include (i) Environmental Surveillance (ii) Analysis & Interpretation of Data (iii) Prepartation of reports to support environmental management system and (iv) Compliance of EC time to time. A comprehensive environmental surveillance shall be carried out by the project proponet. Monitoring report will be directly sent to the regulatory authorities. The monitoring data genertaed on routine basis shall serve as tools for: (i) Enviromental status of the area (ii) Performance of the environmental protection measures (iii) Overall effectiveness of EMP. The monitoring program also includes the action plan in case of emergency, so that appropriate measure may be taken.

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1.8 GENERIC STRUCTURE OF THE REPORT

The EIA Report presents the existing baseline scenario, assessment and evaluation of the environmental impacts that may arise during the construction and operation period. Following impact prediction, required mitigation measures and Environmental Monitoring Plan have been formulated. The content of the remainder part of the report is as follows:

Chapter 1: Introduction Chapter 2: Project Description Chapter 3: Description of the Environment Chapter 4: Pollution Sources, Impact Prediction & Impact Assessment Chapter 5: Specific Studies Chapter 6: Environment Monitoring Program Chapter 7: Additional Studies Chapter 8: Project Benefits Chapter 9: Environmental Management Plan Chapter 10: Summary & Conclusion Chapter 11: Disclosure of Consultant

1.9 COST OF THE PROJECT

The total cost of project is estimated as Rs. 360 Lakhs

1.10 STATUS & STAGE OF REGULATORY CLEARANCES

Regulatory Clearance Status Mining Plan with Approved by Indian Bureau of Mines, Bangalore Progressive Mine Closure vides Letter No. 279/333/92/BNG Dtd. 22/03/2019. Plan Terms of Reference Issued by MoEF&CC vide letter no. J- 11015/112/2018-IA.II (M) dated 30th August, 2019. Public Consultation Draft EIA/EMP report was submitted to KSPCB and public hearing / consultation process held on 11.09.2020. Environmental Clearance --

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2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.1 ABOUT THE PROJECT

Cement Corporation of India Limited (CCI) has proposed Limestone mining project in order to meet the requirement of Limestone (Which is the basic raw material for manufacturing of cement) for their existing cement plant located in Kurkunta, Karnataka. This project pertains to mining of limestone with peak production capacity of about 1.0 MTPA area of 119.64 ha located at near village Injepalli & Sedam, Sedam taluka in Kalaburgi district of Karnataka. Total cost of the proposed project is Rs. 360 lakhs.

2.2 TYPE OF THE PROJECT

The subject project is a mining project. CCI proposes to limestone production of Karigatta limestone mine about production capacity of 1.0 MTPA to meet the limestone requirement of Cement Plant located away by approx. 5.0 km from mine site.

Life of the mine @ keeping max 1.0 million Tonnes per annum of production for the mineral reserves of 50.79 million tonnes would be 51 years. The mining lease was executed on 03.05.1996.

The year-wise production details since year 1993-94 from these leases are given in Table 2.1.

Table 2.1: Year-wise Production Details

Year Production Quantity (Tonnes) 1993-94 39680 1994-95 42180 1995-96 50510 1996-97 20117 1997-98 102278 1998-99 48480 1999-2000 to 2018-19 Nil

2.3 LOCATION OF THE PROJECT

The Karigatta Limestone Mine, over an extent of 119.64 Ha falls within the Survey of India G.T Sheet No. 56 G/04 & 56 G/08, Injepalli & Sedam village, Sedam Taluka, Kalaburgi district, Karnataka State. The geographical location of the mine is given in Table No. 2.2.

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Table 2.2: Coordinates of Mine Site

Pillars Latitude (N) Longitude (E) A 17° 9'07.10"N 77°19'54.35"E B 17° 9'09.80"N 77°20'12.80"E C 17° 8'57.02"N 77°20'26.65"E D 17° 8'50.43"N 77°20'49.93"E E 17° 8'27.62"N 77°20'43.28"E F 17° 8'29.21"N 77°20'34.71"E G 17° 8'16.03"N 77°20'31.74"E H 17° 8'17.17"N 77°20'27.03"E I 17° 8'27.45"N 77°20'32.34"E J 17° 8'30.61"N 77°20'29.95"E K 17° 8'29.80"N 77°20'21.85"E L 17° 8'30.52"N 77°20'15.40"E M 17° 8'46.90"N 77°20'08.95"E N 17° 8'50.75"N 77°20'01.03"E

The average altitude of ML area is about 438-493 m above MSL.

Fig-2.1 shows the location of the ML area. Proposed mine site is located near Village Injepalli about 6.0 km far from Sedam. SH-10 is passing ~ 1.0 km from the said mine. The village habitation in Injepalli is about 2.5 km towards West of this mine. The Kurgunta cement plant of Company is at Kurgunta at a distance of 5 km from Mine Site and along SH-10. Distance of some important features from the mine site is given below in Table 2.3. Key map showing the location of various features around the ML area is shown in Fig-2.2.

Table 2.3: Aerial Distance of Important Features from Mine Site in km with Direction

Features Name Aerial Distance Airport Rajiv Gandhi International 115 km; E Airport Railway Lines Kurgunta R.S 5.0 km; NNE National Highway Nil Nil State Highway SH-10 1.0 km; S SH-122 2.3 km; W SH-15 6.6 km; NW Densely Populated or Sedam Town 5.7 km; NW Built up area

The proposed project lies within the interstate boundary of Telangana and Karnataka, which is about 2.2 km towards ENE from the mine site.

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All Corner coordinates of the ML Area superimposed on Google sheet is enclosed as Fig-2.3. Salient locational features of ML Area given in Table – 2.4 and Fig-2.5 show the study area 10 km radius around the ML Area.

Fig 2.1: Location Map

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Fig 2.2: Key Map

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Fig 2.3: All Corner Coordinates of the Mining Lease Area

Table 2.4: Salient Features of the Mine Site

Features Details Altitude 438-493 m above MSL Latitude (N) & 17° 9' 9.80" N to 17° 8' 16.3" N Longitude (E) 77° 20' 49.93" E to 77° 19' 54.35" E

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Village, Tehsil, Sedam and Injepalli, Sedam, Kalaburgi, Karnataka District, State Max. Temp., 0C 37 Min. Temp., 0C 27 Relative Humidity, % 36-46 Annual Rainfall, mm 886 mm Topography The topography around the mining lease area is slightly undulating with a northerly gentle gradient. Nearest Water Bodies Within lease area Nearest Highway S.H. – 10, 1.60 km, SW Nearest Railway Kurgunta R.S., 5.30 km, NE Station Nearby Industries Birla Shakti Cement Plant, 4.30 km, W Nearest Village Injepalli, 2.60 km, W Nearest Town Kurgunta, 4.60 km, NNE Inter-State Boundary Karnataka – Telangana, 3.40 km, ENE Nearest Airport Rajiv Gandhi International Airport (Hyderabad), 115 km, E Nearby Forest Mailwar R.F., 6.90 km, ESE Historical Places Malkhed Fort, 20 .00 km, WNW Note: All distances mentioned in the above table are aerial distances

Fig 2.4: Topographical Map showing 10 km Radius

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Fig 2.5: Photographs of the ML Area

2.4 Details of Mine Operations

2.4.1 Salient Features of Limestone Mine

Mine development and extraction of limestone at the desired capacity will commence after getting Environmental Clearance (EC) from MoEF&CC, New Delhi and Consent to Establish and Consent to Operate from Karnataka State Pollution Control Board (KSPCB). The salient features of the mine lease area are presented in Table- 2.5.

Table 2.5: Salient Features of the Limestone Mine

S. No. Description Details 1. Name of the mine lease M.L. No. 2015 2. Extent of mine lease area 119.64 Ha. 3. Location & Coordinates Sedam and Injepalli Village

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17° 9' 9.80" N to 17° 8' 16.3" N 77° 20' 49.93" E to 77° 19' 54.35" E 4. Elevation ,MSL 438-493 m above MSL 5. Type of ML area Non-forest land and Non -agricultural land 6. Proposed capacity of mine 1.0 Million TPA limestone production 7. Expected life of mine 51 years @ keeping max 1.0 MTPA production/ annum 8. Method of mining Opencast Mechanized with deep hole drilling and blasting 9. Geological reserves 97296363 Tons 10. Mineable Reserves 50785488 Tons 11. Average stripping ratio 1.0 : 0.1 (Limestone: OB) 12. Ultimate pit level (Plan 444 MSL period) 13. Safety zone 7.5 m around ML boundary 14. Working hours 7 Hr. in 300 days of operation in a year 15. No. of Benches 3 16. Max. bench height 7 m 17. Bench Width 17 m 18. Working bench angle 70° 19. Overall final pit slope 45° 20. Water requirement 20 KLD 21. Source of water For Domestic – Tanker Water Supply For others – fulfilled from mine pit 22. Power requirement Approx. 40 KW (Combined) 23. Source of power Karnataka State Electricity Board 24. Manpower requirement 36 Nos. 25. Transport of Limestone Tippers/Dumpers Source: Mine Plan

2.4.2 Details of Land Use in ML Area

The total ML areas of 119.64 ha, for which approval have been obtained from Karnataka government. The type of mine land is given in Table-2.6 and land use pattern of mine lease is given in Table-2.7.

Table 2.6: Status of Land

S. No. Type of Land Area in Ha 1. Forest land -- 2. Govt. land – Waste -- 3. Govt. land – Grazing -- 4. Pvt. Agriculture Irrigated land -- 5. Pvt. Agriculture Non- Irrigated 119.64 land

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Total 119.64 Source: Mine Plan

Table 2.7: Existing Landuse Pattern (In Ha)

S. No. Particulars Present Land use 1. Area under mining 11.72 2. Storage for Top Soil Nil 3. Waste Dump Site Nil 4. Mineral Storage Nil 5. Infrastructure – Workshop, 0.50 Administrative Building etc. 6. Roads 1.19 7. Railway Nil 8. Other to specify (Plantation) 0.10 9. Magazine 0.03 Sub Total 13.54 Area Remained Untouched 106.1 Total Area 119.64 Source: Mine Plan

2.4.3 Topography and Drainage

The topography around the mining lease area is slightly undulating with a northerly gentle gradient. Within the mining lease area, the limestone deposit lies in the form of dome shaped hill having slopes all around. The maximum RL in the lease area is 493.29 above MSL at the top of the Karigatta hill and the minimum RL is 438.00 m in the north- west part. The surface plan showing all the surface features of ML area has been prepared and is show in Fig-2.6.

The drainage is generally radial in nature in the mining lease area due to the topography control. Minor streams existing in the mining lease area seasonal with surface flow restricted to the rainy season only. The important river in the area is Kagna which is a perennial stream flowing about 8-10 kms north of the lease area. Another small river called Kamlavati flows from south to north about 3 kms from the ML area. No PWD road passes through the lease area. The drainage map is shown in Fig-2.7.

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Fig 2.6: Surface Plan of ML

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Fig 2.7: Drainage Map 2.5 GEOLOGY

2.5.1 Regional Geology

The area around Kurkunta is mainly occupied by the rocks of Bhima series. It is considered equivalent to Kurnool of the Lower vindhyans.

The regional general stratigraphic succession is as follows:

Table 2.8: Regional Stratigraphic Sequence of the Rock

Cuddapah Basin Bhima Basin I Upper ------Vindhayan System I Middle ------I Lower Kurnool System Bhima Series ------Eparchean Unconformity------Mahadevan (1946) has classified the Bhima Series Dharwar System

Upper ( 550ft) Black blue and purple shale’s with local sandstone at the bottom and flaggy limestone at the top

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Middle (450 ft) Creamy, grey, bluish and buff limestone and flaggy limestone.

Lower (350 ft) Sandstones and green and purple shale’s The bottom beds are conglomeritic while the top most bed is calcareous Bhima Series Middle Bhima Series Upper Band : Pink limestone with fawn patches and a chart horizon Middle Band: light grey to fawn limestone. Lower Band : Grey Limestone Lower Bhima Series Interbedded limestone and purple shale

2.5.2 Local Geology

The area within the mining lease area falls in the middle Bhima Series. The rock sequence based on geological investigation has been established as follow.

Middle Bhima Series Upper Band Pink limestone with fawn patches and a chert horizon Middle Band Light grey to fawn limestone Lower Band Grey Limestone Lower Bhima Series Inter bedded limestone and purple shale

Lithological Characteristics of various rock formations occurring in the mining lease area are given below.

Purple Shale: The shale is not exposed in the mining lease area but outcrop 1km to its east. This is the lower most formation of the lower bhimas, thickness of these shales horizon was depth 20 to 41 meters. The average thickness of shale was 20 meters were established based on the core drills. The shale is fine grinned and purple in color. Its upper contact is gradational with over line inter bedded limestone and shale. The Limestone depth persistence was proved under the statutory rules.

Interbedded Limestone and Shale: This horizon is only a gradational faces between the shale of lower bhimas and limestone of the middle bhimas and is not a formation by itself. This Horizon is not encountered in the mining lease area. It has been encountered in all boreholes drills in the three leases. It consists of alternate layers of limestone and purple shale. This is not suitable for cement manufactured.

Greenish Grey Limestone:

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This is a thin band of limestone lying between the interbedded limestone and shale horizon and the overlying lower band limestone. This formation is not exposed in the mining lease area and is found in the bore holes drill in the area.

Lower Band Limestone: This is the major Cement grade limestone band in the mining lease area and vast regional distribution. This band is encountered in the entire three leases. In lease number 1339 & 1880 (Lease II and III) it occurs under soil covered whereas in lease No.2015 (Lease – 1). It is partly exposed and partly under the middle band limestone. The limestone is medium to fine grained and grey in color. Bedding joints and stylolites are found in this band because of which the rocks break along the bedding planes on blasting.

Middle Band Limestone: This band overlies the lower band and is distinguished from the lower band by its color and chemical composition. It is light grey to fawn in color and is harder than the lower band limestone. This band is found in lease –I only and has outcrops on the hill slopes. A very small portion of it extends into the southern part of lease-III. This is a low grade limestone and cannot be used directly for cement manufacture and needs blending.

Upper Band Limestone: This band is the upper most horizons and occurs on top of the Karigatta hill in lease-I in the form of a capping. The limestone of this band is fine grained and pink in color with fawn patches. The limestone is cement grade.

Black Cotton soil: Most part of the mining lease area is covered by a thin layer of black cotton soil. The black cotton soil has a thickness ranging between 0-2.0 mts, the average thickness being around 1 Mtr. Soil forms the only overburden/top soil in this area.

The litho-stratigraphic of the several litho units depicted and mapped in the area is presented below.

Black Cotton soil- 1.00mtr Gray Limestone- 35-40mtr. Purple shale- 20.0mtr

Geological Plan and Cross Sections are given as Fig-2.8 & 2.9.

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Fig 2.8: Geological Plan

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Fig 2.9: Geological Cross Section

2.6 EXPLORATION

In order to prove the persistence of limestone about Twenty two (29) numbers of vertical bore holes (Core) have been made in 200×200 meters grid interval in the year 1965-2018, out of which twenty two (22) numbers were drilled in between 1965-1993, and seven numbers (7) are drilled in 200 x 400 meters grid interval in the year 2018. The summary details of Core BHs drilled in lease are given in Table- 2.9 & 2.10.

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Table 2.9: Summary Details of Old Core BHs Drilled in Lease

Collar Location Drilled S. No. BH No. Lithology RL (co-ordinate) Depth(m) (0-30)m- Dark Grey N17° 09' 05.4" 1. BH-A/b 449.4 33.70 Limestone E77° 20' 00.8" (30-33)m- Purple Shale (0-37m)- Dark Grey N17° 08' 05.3" 2. BH-A/c 455.72 43.00 Limestone E77° 20' 07.7" (37-43)m- Purple Shale (0-22)m- Dark Grey N17° 08' 58.9" 3. BH-B/b 450.97 29.15 Limestone E77° 20' 02.1" (22-29.15)m- Purple Shale (0-38.0)m- Dark Grey N17° 08' 58.8" Limestone 4. BH- B/c 462.03 39.95 E77° 20' 08.9" (38.0-39.95)m- Purple Shale (0-41.55)m- Dark Grey N17° 08' 58.7" Limestone 5. BH- B/d 470.44 45.95 E77° 20' 15.8" (41.55-45.95)m- Purple Shale (0-21)m- Dark Grey N17° 08' 52.4" 6. BH-C/b 450.77 24.85 Limestone E77° 20' 02.0" (21-24.85)m- Purple Shale (0-34.31)m- Dark Grey N17° 09' 52.3" Limestone 7. BH-C/c 463.68 36.80 E77° 20' 08.9" (34.31 -36.80)m- Purple Shale (0-48.01)m- Dark Grey N17° 08' 52.1" Limestone 8. BH-C/d 478.43 50.50 E77° 20' 15.7" (48.01 -50.50)m- Purple Shale (0-46.79)m- Dark Grey N17° 08' 52.1" Limestone 9. BH-C/e 478.43 81.15 E77° 20' 22.6" (46.79 -81.15)m- Purple Shale (0-26.55)m- Dark Grey N17° 08' 53.0" Limestone 10. BH-D/c 458.60 E77° 20' 46.3" 29.30 (26.55 -29.30m- Purple

Shale (1-45.37)m- Dark Grey N17° 08' 46.3" Limestone 11. BH-D/d 478.44 47.40 E77° 20' 00.1" (45.37 -47.40)m- Purple Shale (1-74.0)m- Dark Grey N17° 08' 45.5" 12. BH-D/e 489.40 64.80 Limestone E77° 20' 22.4" (74.0-64.8)m- Purple Shale (1-49.63)m- Dark Grey N17° 08' 45.6" Limestone 13. BH-D/f 489.49 56.60 E77° 20' 29.3" (49.63 -56.60)m- Purple Shale N17° 08' 45.4" (1-22)m- Dark Grey 14. BH-D/h 472.82 38.00 E77° 20' 41.5" Limestone

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(22-38.80)m- Purple Shale (1-22)m- Dark Grey N17° 08' 39.1" 15. BH-E/e 487.92 56.60 Limestone E77° 20' 22.5" (22-56.60)m- Purple Shale (1-22)m- Dark Grey N17° 08' 39.1" 16. BH-E/f 492.97 56.50 Limestone E77° 20' 29.2" (22-56.50)m- Purple Shale (1-22)m- Dark Grey N17° 08' 39.0" 17. BH-E/g 488.17 53.35 Limestone E77° 20' 35.9" (22-53.35)m- Purple Shale (1-26.43)m- Dark Grey N17° 08' 32.8" Limestone 18. BH-F/d 462.32 27.50 E77° 19' 13.5" (26.43 -27.50)m- Purple Shale (1-41.7)m- Dark Grey N17° 08' 32.6" Limestone 19. BH-F/e 480.40 47.50 E77° 20' 22.2" (41.7 -47.50)m- Purple Shale (0-37.65)m-Grey N17° 08' 32.5" Limestone 20. BH-F/f 479.91 44.48 E77° 20' 29.1" (37.65 -44.48)m- Purple Shale (1-38.71)m-Grey N17° 08' 32.5" Limestone 21. BH-F/g 482.13 43.45 E77° 20' 35.9" (38.71 -43.45)m- Purple Shale (1-35.86)m-Grey N17° 08' 32.4" Limestone 22. BH-F/h 479.29 38.30 E77° 20' 42.7" (35.86 -38.30)m- Purple Shale Total 988.83

Table 2.9: Summary Details of Core BHs Drilled in Lease

Collar Drilled S. No. BH No. DATE Location Lithology RL (m) Depth(m) N17° 08' 29.5" 0-01m)- BC soil 06.12.2018- 1. BH-6 469.1 E77° 20' 13.2" 33.00 (1-23)m- Dark Grey Limestone 09.12.2018 (23-33)m- Purple Shale N17° 08' 28.5" 0-01m)- BC soil 06.12.2018- 2. BH-7 476 E77° 20' 27.5" 32.00 (1-30)m- Dark Grey Limestone 10.12.2018 (30-32)m- Purple Shale N17° 08' 26.2" (0-01m)- BC soil 08.12.2018- 3. BH-8 477.5 E77° 20' 34.2" 33.00 (1-27)m- Dark Grey Limestone 09.12.2018 (27-33)m- Purple Shale N17° 08' 25.7" 10.12.2018- (1-34)m- Dark Grey Limestone 4. BH-9 479.2 E77° 20' 41.0" 38.00 14.12.2018 (34-38)m- Purple Shale

N17° 08' 39.2" 0-01m)- BC soil 09.12.2018- 5. BH-10 470.1 E77° 20' 13.4" 38.00 (1-30)m- Dark Grey Limestone 14.12.2018 (30-38)m- Purple Shale

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N17° 09' 03.1" 0-01m)- BC soil BH-13 18.12.2018- 6. 459.3 E77° 20' 10.6" 45.00 (1-35)m- Light Grey Limestone 21.12.2018 (35-40)m-Variegated Limestone Total 262

Future Exploration Programme:

Table 2.9: Summary Details of Proposed Bore Hole

Proposed Bore Year Location Depth(m) Hole No. N170 09’ 07.4” 30/up to the depth PCD-1 E770 19’ 54.2” mineralization N17 09 08.8 30/up to the depth PCD-2 E77 20 12.8 mineralization N17 08 45.1 30/up to the depth PCD-3 E77 20 44.4 mineralization N17 08 45.5 30/up to the depth PCD -4 E77 20 49.3 mineralization 2019-20 N17 08 38.7 30/up to the depth PCD-5 E77 20 46.3 mineralization N17 08 32.0 30/up to the depth PCD-6 E77 20 44.3 mineralization N17 08 42.5 30/up to the depth PCD-7 E77 20 10.5 mineralization

2.7 RESERVES & GRADE

The limestone reserve as on 01.01.2019 is 50.79 Million Tonnes as per UNFC norms. Keeping max 1.0 Million Tonnes of limestone production/ annum; so the expected life of the mines would be around 51 years. Summary of the Reserves & Resources as on 01.01.2019 is given in Table- 2.10.

Table 2.10: Details of the Reserve/ Resources as on 01.01.2019

Classification UNFC Limestone Grade Code Quantity(MT) A. Mineral Reserve (1) Proved Mineral Reserve 111 50785488 CaO-46.69% (2) Probable Mineral Reserve 122 Nil SiO2-10.59% B. Remaining Resources (1) Feasibility Mineral 221 5424438 Resources CaO-46.34% 211 17101700 SiO2-10.36% (2)Pre-feasibility Mineral 222 Nil Resources (3)Measured mineral resource 331 Nil

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(4)Indicated mineral resource 332 Nil (5)Inferred mineral resource 333 23984738 CaO-46.62% SiO2-10.76% (6)Reconnaissance mineral 334 Nil resource Total Reserves + Resources 97296363 2.8 MINING METHOD

Mining operation is proposed to carry out by opencast fully mechanized method of mining by making benches of height 7m with width 17 m and maintaining working slope of 700.

The excavation is being carried out by the system of deep hole blasting along with heavy earth moving machinery. The statutory permissions Permission for adopting a system of deep hole blasting and or working opencast mines with the help of heavy machinery under regulation 106 (2) (b) of MMR 1961.

In this region, where the limestone is medium hardness, hydraulic excavator is being utilized as the principal loading equipment with combination of BEML/ L & T dumpers having 35 tons capacity. The mineral being free form overburden therefore there is no need for any mine development work during mining operation except removal of sand. Hence entire ROM material is proposed to be feed to crusher directly.

The Excavator, mounted with rock breakers are also utilized to carry out for secondary fragmentations on limestone according to need. The secondary drilling & blasting was completely eliminated as eco friendly manner.

For deep hole drilling, the wagon drill, 110 mm Ø, is being utilized along with the diesel driven compressor having 450 cfm capacity. The excavation, loading and transportation is proposed to be carried out by hydraulic excavator, loader, dumper and trippers.

Presently, there is one quarries existing in lease. Details of same are given below in Table -2.11. Surface plan showing the present mine position is given as Fig- 2.10. The flow sheet indicating the different stages of mining operations are shown in Fig-2.11.

Table 2.11: Details of Existing Quarry

Area (In Length x Width x No. of Quarry No. Levels (mRL) Ha) Depth (m) Benches Top RL -459 Q-1 11.72 697X293X23 m 5 Bottom RL-436.84

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Fig 2.10: Surface Plan

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LIMESTONE

Drilling

Blasting

Loading by Shovel

Transportation by Dumpers

Limestone Crusher

To Cement Plant

Fig 2.11: Flow Sheet Indicated Different Stages of Mining Operations

2.8.1 Drilling & Blasting

Drilling

For primary drilling, the wagon drill having 110 mm diameter driven by compressor (Portable diesel mounted) is utilize for deep hole for both development and production.

For mining this type of limestone as the density are 2.5 and also keeping the crusher input size, it was concluded that the following parameters are suitable & economic.

Burden: 3.50 m Spacing: 4.5 m

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Depth: A/c to height of the bench in due consideration of the topography. The angle of inclination should less than 780 to 820. Sub grade drilling + 8% of the depth of the bench. (7 m+0.56= 7.56 @ 7.5 m)

Types of Explosives & their Optimum Use

Various types of explosives such as ANFO, slurry, emulsion etc. will be used for blasting. Since ANFO is cheaper and economical, it will be used as much as possible except in rainy season. Delay detonators or Nonel detonating fuse will be used since multi row system of firing will be carried out so as to reduce the ground vibration, noise, fly rock etc. due to blasting. Sequential blasting techniques using sequential blasting machine shall be used to reduce explosive charge per delay to a minimum to reduce ground vibration.

Explosives Requirement

Charge ratio 1.1 kg per meter Powder Factor 4.0 ton per kg of explosives (Avg.) Total Explosive requirement required for planned production per annum Base Charge @15% (Slurry Explosives –Class: 2) NG based material Column xharge@85% (ANFO or Booster) Non Cap sensitive

Transport of Explosives

The explosive from the magazine to the mine shall be transported using licensed explosive van.

Frequency of Blasting

The blasting activity is proposed to be carried out during day time (Lunch Break).The frequency of blasting will be based on requirement of ROM/ Sized chemical grade Limestone.

2.8.2 Production Rate & Life of the Mine

The proposed production for the scheme period is given below in Table 2.12.

Table 2.12: Year-wise Production Calculation

ROM Total Top (Cu m) ROM/ S. Pit Tentative Soil OB/SB/IB Mineral Total Year Mineral Waste No. no. Excavation (Cu (Cum) Ore reject (MT) reject Ratio (Cum) m) (Cum)* (Cum) 2018- Pit 1. 19(Dec- 140900 7700 Nil 133200 Nil Nil Nil 333000 -1 March) 2. 2019-20 414600 14800 Nil 399800 Nil Nil Nil 999500

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Total 555500 22500 533000 1332500 * Tentative tonnage of the ore may be arrived by computing approximate bulk density (2.5) and recovery factor (100%) as these data are variable and may be established on time series.

2.8.3 Extent of Mechanization

The machinery and equipment are proposed for the maximum targeted production of approx. 3333 tonnes per day, the same is valid even for the plan period. Mining shall be fully mechanized in view of the high production envisaged. The mine will have to work for one shift (8 hours in a shift but effective working hours of 7 hrs duration, on average) for 300 days a year. The detail of total machinery deployed in mine is shown below in Table- 2.13.

Table 2.13: Details of Mining Machinery

S. No Equipment Make Model Capacity Number Hydraulic 1. L&T/ Komatsu PC 450 2.6 m3 1 Excavator 2. Dumper BEML/L & T -- 35 tones 6

3. Air Compressor Atlas-Cop XAH 110 450 cfm 1 4. DTH Drill Atlas-Cop BVB-25 110 mm 1 Tractor Bull 5. Johndeev -- 50 Hp 1 Dozer 6. Service Van TATA-Utility -- --- 1 7. Ambulance Mahindra -- --- 1 8. Jeep Bolero -- 4 +1 Setter 1 10 KL 9 Water Sprinkler TATA- HYWA -- 1 148 Hp 10 Rock Breaker L & T -- 75 Ton/Hr 1 11. Explosives van Swaraj- Mazida -- 3 Ton 1

2.8.4 Disposal of Waste

No mineral reject is available. Waste is not available in from of inter-burden or mineral reject, as the limestone produced from this mine will be for captive use for cement manufacturing in the existing cement plant in the vicinity.

2.9 USE OF LIMESTONE

As mentioned earlier, limestone output from the mine will be used as a raw material in the cement plant of M/s Cement Corporation of India Limited at Kurkunta.

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2.10 MINERAL BENEFICIATION

No mineral beneficiation is required as there is no wastage in ROM.

2.11 CONCEPTUAL PLAN

Conceptual mine plan is prepared upto end of the mining scheme period taking into consideration the present available reserves, excavation, recovery of ROM, reclamation & rehabilitation and present guidelines. Based on present data & assumptions the conceptual plan & sections is given in Fig- 2.12.

Fig 2.12: Conceptual Plan & Sections

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2.12 PROGRESSIVE MINE CLOSURE PLAN

The mine plan has been designed for the progressive closure of the mine, such that after the cessation of mining operations, the rehabilitation measures required are minimal. During plan period, out of the ML area of 119.64 ha, 21.78 ha shall be utilized. The progressive mine closure plan was prepared, under which simultaneous reclamation measures of the land disturbed due to mining and allied activities are proposed. The abandonment cost estimated during the plan period is given in Table 2.14 and financial area assurance plan is given in Fig-2.13.

Table 2.14: Calculation of Financial Assurance

Area put on Additional Area Net Area use at start of Requireme Total Considered as Considered S. Head Scheme of nt during Area fully Reclaimed for No Mining Plan Period (In Ha.) & Rehabilitate Calculation (In Ha.) (In Ha.) (In Ha.) (In Ha.) A B C D E=C+D F G=E-F Area under mining 1. 11.72 3.10 14.82 Nil 14.82 including bund Storage for 2. Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil top-soil 3. Waste dump Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Mineral 4. Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Storage Infrastructure workshop, 5. 0.50 Nil 0.50 Nil 0.50 administrative building etc. 1.13 (0.06 Ha 1.13 is (0.06 Ha is 6. Roads 1.19 Nil Nil merged merged in in mining) mining) 7. Railways Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil 8. Tailing Pond Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil 9. ETP Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Mineral 10. Separation Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Plant Township 11. Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Area Others 12. Plantation 0.10 4.0 4.10 Nil 4.10

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Magazine 0.03 Nil 0.03 Nil 0.03 Garland Drain, Nil 1.20 1.20 Nil 1.20 retaining wall Grand Total 13.54 8.30 21.78 Nil 21.78 Source: Mine Plan

Fig 2.13: Financial Area Assurance Plan

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Precise area for mining and allied activities: 22.48 ha. Since it is an “A” Category mine, the financial assurance is Rs. 3, 00,000/- per hectare under Rule 27 of MCDR 2017. The financial assurance here for the plan period is 21.78 ha. X Rs. 3, 00,000/- = Rs. 65, 34,000.

2.13 LAND USE PATTERN

The present land use pattern, at the end of scheme period and the post mining land use pattern is shown below in Table 2.15.

Table 2.15: Landuse Pattern

Present land use At the end of plan S. No. Activities pattern period (In Ha) (In Ha) 1. Area under mining 11.72 14.82 2. Storage for Top Soil Nil Nil 3. Waste Dump Site Nil Nil 4. Mineral Storage Nil Nil Infrastructure – Workshop, 5. 0.50 0.50 Administrative Building etc. 6. Roads 1.19 1.13 7. Railway Nil Nil 8. Other to specify (Plantation) 0.10 4.1 9. Magazine 0.03 0.03 Garland Drain, Retaining 10. Nil 1.2 Wall Sub Total 13.54 21.78 Area Remained Untouched 106.1 97.86 Total Area 119.64 119.64

2.14 MANPOWER

The following officials in accordance with the provisions of the MMR 1961 and MCDR 2017 are proposed at the mines, a detail is given in Table -2.16.

Table 2.16: Manpower Required for Management and Supervision

Number of S. No Description Qualification persons Graduate in Mining engineering with First 1. Mines Manager class Mine manager Certificate of 1 Competency under the Mines Act, 1952 Graduate in Mining engineering with Dy. /Assistant Mines 2. Second class Mine manager Certificate of 2 manager Competency under the Mines Act, 1952 Graduate in Mining engineering with 5 years 3. Mining Engineer 1 experience under the MCDR, 2017.

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Master Degree in Geology with 5 years 4. Geologist 1 experience under the MCDR, 2017. Diploma in Mining with Foreman Certificate 5. Mine Foreman 2 of competency, under the Mines Act, 1952 SSLC with valid Mate Certificate under the 6. Mine mate 1 Mines Act, 1952 SSLC with valid Blaster Certificate of 7. Mine Blaster 1 Competency under the Mines Act, 1952. HEMM maintenance Graduate in Mechanical engineering with 8. 1 Head 10 years experience HEMM maintenance Diploma in Mechanical Engineering with 4 9. 2 Supervisor/Foreman years experience. 10. Mechanics ITI holders with relevant field 4 Skilled Operators & According, 11. face workers and 8th Standard. day to day helpers need.

2.15 WATER AND WASTE WATER MANAGEMENT

The water requirement for the domestic, mine machinery operations, dust suppression and afforestation shall be 20 KLD. The break-up of water requirements for different units in the proposed mine is given in Table- 2.17 and the line diagram of water balance at mine site has been produced here in Fig 2.14.

Table 2.17: Water Requirement for ML Area

S. No. Particulars Quantity (In KLD) 1. Domestic 2 2. Water Sprinkling/ Dust Suppression 10 3. Green Belt/ Plantation 5 4. Misc. & Utilities 3 Total 20

Since the mining work is proposed to be in one shift and the requirement of fresh water (domestic purpose) is 2.0 KLD; which will be completed through the supply of water tankers from nearby areas. The drinking water will be supplied to the persons working in the mines in suitable containers and also be kept at the rest shelter, first aid station and other places through suitable taps.

Water requirement for sprinkling and gardening purposes are to the tune of 18 KLD and the requirement will be fulfilled from stored rain water in the within lease pit.

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5 KLD Plantation

10 KLD 18 KLD Rain Water Dust from Pit Suppression

Misc. & Utilities 3 KLD

Existing Facility 2 KLD in nearby lease Domestic area

1.5 KLD

Sewage to Soak Pit

Fig 2.14: Water Balance Diagram for the Mine Site

Waste Water Generation & Disposal

There will be no waste water generation from mining activities. However, a small amount of domestic waste water will be generated as a result of water used by humans, which shall be disposed off into septic tank followed by soak pits.

2.16 WORKING DEPTH AND GROUNDWATER TABLE

The ground water table is 22-25 m below the surface level. At present the depth of the mine is 23m in pit 1 and the maximum depth at the end of scheme period (2nd Year) will be 20 m. There will be no adverse effect on the existing water regime due to the mining activity in the area. The details of site levels and ground water table are given in below in Table- 2.18 and Fig 2.15.

Table 2.18: Proposed Working Depth at Mine Site

S. Levels Particulars No. MSL Bgl (m) 1. General Ground Level 446 - 2. Highest Elevation 493 47 3. Lowest Elevation 438 8

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4. Water- Table (Pre-monsoon) 421 25 5. Water- Table (Post-monsoon) 424 22 6. 2nd Year Working 444 2 7. Ultimate Pit Limit 444 2

General Ground Level – 446 MSL

Pit Limit after 2 years – 444 MSL

Ultimate Pit Limit – 444 MSL

Ground Water Level – 421-424 MSL

Fig 2.15: Proposed Working Level at Mine Site

2.17 SITE SERVICES

Common Infrastructure facilities in the form of mines office, store room, first aid room, drinking water tank etc as per statutory requirement are proposed to be installed within the proposed mine site.

2.18 ELECTRICITY REQUIREMENTS

This mine is a fully mechanized mine, all machineries are diesel operated and power required for office, etc., will be drawn from Karnataka Electricity board.

2.19 ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL MEASURES

Elaborate analysis on impacts and mitigation measures adopted is dealt in Chapter IV.

Major environmental management methods adopted currently are given below.

. Periodical monitoring of air, water, soil, noise, etc. . Fugitive dust control measures like water sprinkling, plantation, etc. . OB dump stability betterment with vegetation, construction of garland drain, etc., . Plantation and green belt development in and around mining area. . Mined out area reclamation measures.

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. Health and safety implementation measures. . Social welfare schemes undertaken by project proponent.

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3.0 DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT

3.1 INTRODUCTION

This chapter illustrates the description of the existing environmental status of the study area with reference to the prominent environmental attributes. The study area covers 10 km radius from project boundary. The existing environmental setting is considered to adjudge the baseline environmental conditions, which are described with respect to climate, hydro geological aspects, atmospheric conditions, air quality, water quality, soil quality, ecology, landuse and socio- economic profile of the study area. The baseline studies are carried out for summer season of 2019, covering the months of March to May.

3.2 STUDY AREA

The study area covers 10 km radius of the project site falls in Survey of India G.T Sheet No. 56 G/04 & 56 G/08 and is spread over S. No. 489/1 of Village – Injepalli & Sedam, Taluka – Sedam, District- Kalaburgi, Karnataka. Study area map of proposed is shown in Fig - 3.1.

3.2.1 Study Period

The baseline environmental quality represents the background scenario of various environmental components in the study area.

CCI Limited initiated steps to carry out Environmental Impact assessment over a radial distance of 10 km around the mine during summer season of 2019, covering the months of March to May.

3.2.2 Methodology of EIA Study

The various steps involved in EIA study of this project site are divided into the following phases:

. Identification of significant environmental parameters and assessing the existing status within the study area with respect to air, water, noise, soil, ecology and socio-economic components of environment. . Study of various activities of the proposed project to identify the area’s leading to impact/ change in environmental quality. . Quantification/ prediction of impact for the identified activities and to study level of impact on various environmental components. . Evaluation of impacts after superimposing the predicted/ quantified scenario over the baseline scenario. . Formulation of Environmental Management Plan for implementation in the proposed project.

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Fig 3.1: Study Area within 10 KM Radius (Index Plan)

3.3 BASELINE ENVIRONMENT

3.3.1 Scope of Baseline Data Collection

The scope of baseline data collection with respect to project activity covers the following environmental components:

Meteorology:

Collection of micro meteorological data on wind speed, wind direction, temperature, relative humidity etc. on hourly basis continuously during the study period.

Ambient Air Quality:

Collection of AAQ data at 8 AAQ stations for PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOX and CO.

Noise Environment:

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Collection of Noise levels at 8 locations on hourly basis to compute the day equivalent and night equivalent.

Water Environment:

Water samples from 10 locations (5 Surface water & 5 Ground water samples) within 10 km radius were collected for assessment of the existing physico- chemical and bacteriological quality as available in the area.

Land Environment:

. Soil Quality: Collection of soil samples from 5 locations within 10 km radius of mine site for analysis of the physico- chemical characteristics. . Landuse and Land Cover: Assessment of Land use and land cover pattern of the study area through Remote Sensing Technique. . Hydrology: Collection of information on surface water bodies to assess the interference with project activities. . Hydro Geology: Collection of information on ground water status (quality, quantity and ground water table) to assess impact of mining on subsurface water bodies.

Ecology and Biodiversity:

Collection of primary data to understand baseline ecological status, important floristic and faunal elements, sensitive habitats and rare species; from field observations; collection of data from local villagers about importance and status of plants and animals. Compare the data so generated with authentic past records to understand changes with respect to proposed project; Identification of sensitive locations or protected areas as per Wildlife Conservation and Protection Act, 1972.

Socio-Economic Environment:

Collection of socio-economic status of various villages and amenities existing within an area of 10 km around the project to determine the developmental activities to be undertaken by the CCI authorities.

3.4 BASELINE ENVIRONMENT STATUS

The baseline environment quality represents the background environmental scenario of various environmental components. The baseline quality monitored reflects the emission from vehicular movement, industrial/ mining activities (if

any) and other local activities within 10 km radius of the study area.

3.5 AIR ENVIRONMENT 3.5.1 Meteorology & Climatology

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The meteorological data helps for appropriate interpretation of the baseline status of the study area as well as for input into prediction models to evaluate air quality dispersion. Chronological data on meteorological parameters also plays an important role in identifying the general meteorological regime of the region. The climate in the region shows broadly four seasonal variations, namely:

Winter : December – February Summer : March- Mid June Monsoon : Mid June – September Post-monsoon : October – November

The tropical climate of the region is manifested in hot and humid summer, moderate monsoon and mild winter seasons. The area enjoys warm climate from middle of February and gradually temperature rises rapidly till May, the hottest month with maximum temperature rising up to 420C during day time. The coldest month is December. The onset of south west monsoon is in the month of June which continues up to September with annual rainfall of 89 mm.

On-site monitoring was undertaken for various meteorological variables in order to generate the site-specific data. Data was collected at site every hour continuously from 1st March 2019 to 31st May 2019. The generated data then compared with the meteorological data generated by nearest India Meteorological Department (IMD) station located at Bangalore The available meteorological data of IMD, Bangalore station has been collected and analyzed. The details of the temperature, relative humidity and rainfall observed during the study period are given in Table 3.1 and Wind rose diagram is shown in Fig – 3.2. The detailed results are presented in Annexure -IV

Table 3.1: Observed Meteorological Data

Temperature R. Humidity Wind Speed Rainfall Period (0C) (%) (km/h) (mm) Max Min Max Min Max Min March 2019 41.9 19.8 70 21 0.0 14 0.0 April 2019 43.4 24.8 79 19 4.8 8 0.0 May 2019 45.6 26.2 78 21 5.7 14 0.0

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Fig 3.2: Wind Rose Diagram

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3.5.2 Ambient Air Quality

The ambient air quality with respect to the study zone of 10 km radius around the mine lease forms the baseline information. The prime objective of the baseline air quality study was to assess the existing air quality of the area. This will also be useful for assessing the conformity to standards of the ambient air quality during the operation of mine. The study area represents mostly rural/residential environment.

This section describes the selection of sampling locations, methodology adopted for sampling, analytical techniques and frequency of sampling. Ambient air quality monitoring has been carried out during 1st March to 31st May 2019 representing summer season.

3.5.2.1Methodology Adopted for Air Quality Survey

Selection of Sampling Locations

The baseline status of the ambient air quality has been assessed through a scientifically designed ambient air quality-monitoring network. The design of monitoring network in the air quality surveillance program has been based on the following considerations:

. Topography / terrain of study area . Populated areas within the study area . Residential/ sensitive areas within study area . Magnitude of surroundings industries . Predominant wind direction and wind pattern

Ambient Air Quality Monitoring (AAQM) stations were set up at 8 locations with due consideration to the above mentioned points during to March – May 2019. Table-3.2 gives the details of environmental setting around each monitoring station. The locations of the selected stations with reference to the mine area are given in the same table and shown in Fig-3.3 and representative photographs are produced in Figure 3.4.

Frequency and Parameters for Sampling

Ambient air quality monitoring was carried out at a frequency of two days per week for three months (March to May 2019) at each location representing pre- monsoon season. Ambient air quality monitoring has been conducted at 8 locations within the study area of 10 km radial distance from the mine lease area is presented in Table 3.2.

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With the above objective, the following parameters were analyzed at the selected locations in the study area and results are compared with the standards. The analytical measurement of each parameter is given in Table 3.3.

. Particulate Matter (PM10) . Particulate Matter (PM2.5) . Sulphur Dioxide . Oxides of Nitrogen . Carbon Monoxide

Besides, the Silica content in the core zone was also evaluated. The concentrations of various pollutants were processed for different statistical parameters like minimum, maximum, mean and 98th percentiles. A summary of

ambient air quality results and free silica in PM10 are presented in Table 3.4 & 3.5 and the detailed results are presented in Annexure -V.

Table 3.2: Details of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring

W.R.T Monitoring Name of the Latitude Longitude Location Selection Code Station (N) (E) Distance Criteria Direction (km) Near AAQ1 Cement 17° 8'59.07"N 77°17'50.83"E 3.60 W Downwind Plant AAQ2 Sedam 17°10'52.29"N 77°16'37.11"E 6.60 NW Downwind Within Lease Within AAQ3 17° 9'6.54"N 77°19'59.57"E -- -- Area Lease AAQ4 Kotlapur 17° 9'12.51"N 77°25'39.01"E 9.80 E Upwind Mailwar AAQ5 17° 8'31.15"N 77°24'49.64"E 8.70 E Upwind Azimpet AAQ6 Madkal 17° 9'44.27"N 77°21'26.94"E 2.90 NE Upwind AAQ7 Imadapur 17° 5'58.54"N 77°19'38.98"E 5.80 S Crosswind AAQ8 Chitkanpalli 17° 4'24.98"N 77°19'39.65"E 8.60 S Crosswind

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Fig 3.3: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Location Map

Table 3.3: Analytical/ Measurement Methods

S. No. Parameters Test Method 1. Particulate Matter (PM10) IS-5182(Part-23)-2006 2. Particulate Matter (PM2.5) GMEC-SSOP/03 CPCB Guideline 3. Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) IS-5182 (Part-2)-2001 4. Oxide of Nitrogen (NOX) IS-5182(Part-6)-2006 5. Carbon Monoxide (CO) IS-5182(Part-10)-1999 6. Silica APHA4

Table 3.4: Summary of Ambient Air Quality Results

CPCB Standards S. Maximum Minimum 98th Pollutant Locations 24 hourly, No. (μg/m3) (μg/m3) Percentile Maximum (μg/m3)

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Near Cement 78.54 69.44 78.19 Plant Sedam 63.82 59.63 63.82 Within Lease 72.95 64.72 72.91 Area PM10 1. Kotlapur 69.89 63.50 69.36 100 (µg/m3) Mailwar 76.59 68.10 75.40 Azimpet Madkal 69.61 62.25 69.34 Imadapur 68.17 55.19 67.29 Chitkanpalli 62.15 54.03 62.01 Near Cement 46.02 39.01 45.08 Plant Sedam 49.00 22.65 43.08 Within Lease PM2.5 35.76 30.91 35.63 Area (µg/m3) 2. Kotlapur 33.80 26.63 33.50 60

Mailwar 36.93 31.14 36.92 Azimpet Madkal 39.00 21.82 36.19 Imadapur 36.83 26.82 36.44 Chitkanpalli 29.60 21.84 29.58 Near Cement 11.66 7.62 11.33 Plant Sedam 7.86 5.16 7.80 Within Lease 8.96 6.02 8.87 SO2 Area 3. (µg/m3) Kotlapur 9.74 7.34 9.68 80 Mailwar 9.88 6.26 9.37 Azimpet Madkal 7.96 5.44 7.96 Imadapur 8.96 6.02 8.88 Chitkanpalli 8.26 4.96 8.12 Near Cement 19.89 10.54 16.36 Plant Sedam 16.84 11.46 13.87 Within Lease 16.84 10.54 16.36 NOX Area 4. (µg/m3) Kotlapur 17.82 10.44 17.38 80 Mailwar 13.87 12.16 18.47 Azimpet Madkal 16.11 11.87 16.08 Imadapur 16.84 9.84 16.21 Chitkanpalli 14.81 10.84 14.41 Near Cement CO 380 280 380 Plant 5. (µg/m3) 4000 Sedam 260 210 260

Within Lease 380 280 380

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Area Kotlapur 340 280 340 Mailwar 320 210 320 Azimpet Madkal 320 260 315.40 Imadapur 340 280 340 Chitkanpalli 310 240 305

Table 3.5: Results of Free Silica in PM10

With Lease Area Prescribed Limit Free Silica in PM10 0.97 mg/m3 5.0 mg/m3

Free silica composition in PM10 sample has been done and the values are found to be below Detectable Limit (DL- 0.97 mg/m3) which is well within the prescribed limit of 5.o mg/m3.

Within Lease Area Near Cement Plant

Sedam Kotlapur

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Mailwar Madkal

Imadapur Chitkanpalli

Fig 3.4: Photographs of AAQ Sampling Stations

3.5.2.2Analysis of Baseline Concentrations

Particulate Matter (PM10)

The maximum value for PM10 is observed, as 78.54 μg/m3 at near cement plant while 24 hours applicable limit is 100μg/m3 for industrial and mixed use areas. The

area observes average PM10 concentration in the range of 59.20-73.36μg/m3 with the lowest concentration of 54.03μg/m3 recorded at Chitkanpalli village.

Particulate Matter (PM2.5)

The maximum value for PM2.5 observed is, 49μg/m3 at Sedam while 24 hours

applicable limit is 60μg/m3 for industrial and mixed use areas. The average PM2.5 concentration value ranges between 21.84-46.02μg/m3 with lowest concentration of 21 μg/m3 recorded at Madkal and Chitkanpalli villages.

Sulphur Dioxide (SO2)

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The maximum value for SO2 is observed, as 11.66μg/m3 at near cement plant while 24 hours applicable limit is of 80μg/m3 for residential, industrial and other areas. Average concentration of SO2 varies from 5.16-9.88μg/m3 and the lowest recorded value of SO2 is 4.96 μg/m3 at Chitkanpalli village. All the villages have observed value well under the prescribed limit.

Oxide of Nitrogen (NOX)

The maximum value for NOX is observed, as 19.89 μg/m3 at near cement plant while 24 hours applicable limit is of 80μg/m3 for residential, industrial and other areas. Average value of NO2 ranges from 10.44-17.82μg/m3. The lowest recorded value of NOX is 9.84 μg/m3 at Imdapur village. The study area observes NOX well below the prescribed range.

90 80 70 60 50 40 30 Maximum (μg/m3) 20 Minimum (μg/m3) 10

0 98th Percentile

AAQ1 AAQ2 AAQ3 AAQ4 AAQ5 AAQ6 AAQ7 AAQ8

PM10 (µg/m3)

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60 50 40 30

20 Maximum (μg/m3) 10 Minimum (μg/m3)

0 98th Percentile

AAQ1 AAQ2 AAQ3 AAQ4 AAQ5 AAQ6 AAQ7 AAQ8

PM2.5 (µg/m3)

14 12 10 8 6 4 Maximum (μg/m3) 2 Minimum (μg/m3)

0 98th Percentile

AAQ1 AAQ2 AAQ3 AAQ4 AAQ5 AAQ6 AAQ7 AAQ8

SO2 (µg/m3)

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10 Maximum (μg/m3) 5 Minimum (μg/m3)

0 98th Percentile

AAQ1 AAQ2 AAQ3 AAQ4 AAQ5 AAQ6 AAQ7 AAQ8

NOX (µg/m3)

3.5.2.3Conclusion

The study area represents mostly rural environment. The sources of air pollution in the region are vehicular traffic, dust arising from unpaved village roads and domestic fuel burning.

3.6 NOISE ENVIRONMENT

Noise beyond a certain level has an adverse impact on human beings and their environment. If intense enough it can damage hearing or is otherwise annoying. Noise can also disturb natural wildlife and ecological systems. The physical description of sound concerns its loudness as a function of frequency. Noise in general is sound, which is composed of many frequency components of various types of loudness distributed over the audible frequency range. The most common and universally accepted scale is the A weighted scale, which is measured as Db (A). This is more suitable for audible range of 20 to 20,000 Hz. The scale has been designed to weigh various components of noise according to the response of human ear.

3.7.2 Noise Levels in Study Area

In order to assess the noise levels in the study area, monitoring was carried out at 8 locations within 10 km radius of the study area. Noise levels were recorded at each station to compute equivalent noise levels for day-equivalent and night- equivalent. The ambient noise quality monitoring locations within the study area are shown in Fig- 3.5 and their locations are given in Table 3.6 while selected photographs are illustrated in Fig- 3.6. A summary of ambient noise quality results is presented in Table 3.7 and the detailed results are presented in Annexure -VI.

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Table 3.6: Ambient Noise Quality Monitoring Locations

W.R.T Monitoring Name of Latitude Longitude Selection Code Location the Station (N) (E) Criteria Direction Distance Near Industrial N1 Cement 17° 8'59.07"N 77°17'50.83"E 3.60 W Plant Commerci N2 Sedam 17°10'52.29"N 77°16'37.11"E 6.60 NW al Within Within Industrial N3 17° 9'6.90"N 77°19'59.45"E -- Lease Area Lease Rural/ N4 Kotlapur 17° 9'12.51"N 77°25'39.01"E 9.80 E Residential Mailwar Rural/ N5 17° 8'31.15"N 77°24'49.64"E 8.70 E Azimpet Residential Rural/ N6 Madkal 17° 9'44.27"N 77°21'26.94"E 2.90 NE Residential Rural/ N7 Imadapur 17° 5'58.54"N 77°19'38.98"E 5.80 S Residential Rural/ N8 Chitkanpalli 17° 4'24.98"N 77°19'39.65"E 8.60 S Residential

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Fig 3.5: Ambient Noise Quality Monitoring Location Map

Table 3.7: Summary of Ambient Noise Quality Results

Leq Db(A) Code Location Day Time* Night Time* N1 Near Cement Plant 67.2 60.3 N2 Sedam 61.8 58.4 N3 Within Lease Area 56.7 49.4 N4 Kotlapur 52.5 42.6 N5 Mailwar Azimpet 49.3 38.4 N6 Madkal 47.4 40.2 N7 Imadapur 49.3 38.5 N8 Chitkanpalli 49.5 39.1 AAQS A. Industrial 75 70 B. Commercial 65 55 C. Residential 55 45 D. Silence Zone 50 40 Note: All the noise level data have been taken approx. 1.5 m away from the source. *Daytime shall mean from 6.00 AM to 10.00 PM *Night time shall mean from 10.00 PM to 6.00 AM

Imadapur Chitkanpalli

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Sedam Near Cement Plant

Fig 3.6: Photographs of Ambient Noise Quality Monitoring 3.6.2 Noise Level Results

Day time Noise Levels (Lday)

The day time noise levels at all the locations are observed to be within the range of 47.4 to 67.2 Db (A). The minimum noise level was observed to be 47.4 dB (A) at Madkal village (N6) and maximum noise level was observed to be 67.2 dB (A) at Near Cement Plant (N1).

Night time Noise Levels (Lnight)

The night time noise levels at all the locations were found to be in the range of 38.4 to 60.3 Db (A). The minimum night time noise level was observed to be 38.4 Db (A) at Mailwar Azimpet Village (N5) and maximum night time noise level was observed to be 60.3 Db (A) at Near Cement plant (N1).

3.7 WATER ENVIRONMENT

The assessment of baseline data on water environment includes:

. Identification of surface and ground water sources . Collection of water samples . Analyzing the collected water samples for physico-chemical and biological parameters.

3.7.1 Water Resources

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Water resources located within 10 km radius of the mine site are Kagna River at a distance of 8.0 km in N and Kamlavati River located at distance of 3.0 km in W and Kagna River is the perennial river which serves as a source for industrial purpose.

3.7.2 Water Quality

Assessment of water quality in the study area has been done by collecting 5 ground water and 5 surface water samples from various locations in and around the mine site within 10 km radius. Collected samples were assessed for physico- chemical and bacteriological quality as per the standards IS 10500 (drinking water standard). The locations of water sampling are shown in Fig- 3.7. Details of water sampling locations are given in Table 3.8. A summary of water quality results is presented in Table 3.9 & 3.10 and the detailed results are presented in Annexure -VII. Some photographs of sampling site are shown in Fig- 3.8. Results of ground and surface water samples are discussed below.

Table 3.8: Details of Water Sampling Locations

W.R.T Monitoring Location Sampling Latitude Longitude Location Source Code Location (N) (E) Direction Distance Ground Water GW1 CCI Colony 17°10'1.83"N 77°20'18.14"E 1.80 NNE GW2 Kurgunta 17°11'25.97"N 77°21'18.28"E 5.00 NNE Hand GW3 Ekmai 17°10'16.42"N 77°23'38.92"E 6.90 ENE Pump GW4 Adki 17° 6'49.61"N 77°22'33.00"E 6.30 SE GW5 Bhatgira Bz 17° 8'13.87"N 77°18'20.07"E 3.30 SW Surface Water Mine SW1 Within lease 17° 8'52.82"N 77°20'0.88"E -- -- Pit Kagna River SW2 (Downstrea 17°13'16.22"N 77°22'13.06"E 8.70 NNE River m) Kagna River SW3 17°13'26.04"N 77°17'18.55"E 9.20 NNW River (Upstream) Kamlavati River SW4 17° 8'45.11"N 77°18'0.03"E 3.50 W River (Downstrea m) Kamlavati SW5 River 17°11'30.92"N 77°17'21.14"E 6.30 NW River (Upstream)

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Fig 3.7: Water Sampling (Ground + Surface) Location Map

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Table 3.9: Summary of Ground Water Sample Analysis Results

IS: 10500:2012 Drinking S. Parameters Unit Water GW1 GW2 GW3 GW4 GW5 No. Desirable Permissible No 1 pH Value -- 6.5-8.5 7.91 7.86 7.92 7.94 7.98 relaxation 2 Temperature 0C -- -- 25.1 23.5 26.0 25.6 24.5 3 Colour Hazen 5 15 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 Qualitative 4 Odour (Agreeable/ Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Disagreeable) 5 Turbidity NTU 1 5 3.0 3.2 3.6 3.6 3.8 6 Total Dissolve Solids mg/L 500 2000 935 870 795 875 920 Total Suspended solid 7 mg/L -- -- BDL (<1) BDL (<1) BDL (<1) 2.4 2.9 (TSS) 8 Calcium as Ca mg/L 75 200 68.14 64.13 72.14 76.15 56.11 9 Magnesium as Mg mg/L 30 100 46.17 36.45 26.73 38.88 48.60 10 Total Hardness as CaCO3 mg/L 200 600 360 310 290 350 340 11 Chloride as Cl- mg/L 250 1000 269.92 279.91 249.92 299.91 284.91 12 Fluoride as F - mg/L 1 1.5 0.55 0.57 0.44 0.68 0.59 No 13 Iron as Fe mg/L 0.30 BDL (<0.1) BDL (<0.1) 0.10 BDL (<0.1) BDL (<0.1) relaxation Chromium No BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 14 mg/L 0.05 (Hexavalent) relaxation (<0.03) (<0.03) (<0.03) (<0.03) (<0.03) No BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 15 Total Chromium (as Cr) mg/L 0.05 relaxation (<0.05) (<0.05) (<0.05) (<0.05) (<0.05) 16 Sodium as Na mg/L -- -- 135 138 120 130 132 17 Potassium as K mg/L -- -- 5.4 4.9 4.6 5.8 5.6 18 Sulphates as SO4- mg/L 200 400 285 289 275 299 297.0 No 19 Nitrate as NO3 mg/L 45 35.1 36.6 33.8 39.2 33.5 relaxation 20 Total alkalinity as CaCO3 mg/L 200 600 160 175 155 180 185

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Table 3.10: Summary of Surface Water Sample Analysis Results

S. Parameters Unit SW1 SW2 SW3 SW4 SW5 No. 1 pH Value -- 7.64 7.50 7.62 7.34 7.49 2 Temperature 0C 23.4 24.5 25 24.9 25.2 3 Colour Hazen <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 Qualitative 4 Odour (Agreeable/ Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Disagreeable) 5 Turbidity NTU 3.4 7.3 6.2 10.2 6.5 Total Dissolve 6 mg/L 510 480 545 585 560 Solids Total Suspended 7 mg/L 4.7 11.6 10 15 15.5 solid (TSS) 8 Calcium as Ca mg/L 38.48 33.67 30.46 28.86 30.46 Magnesium as 9 mg/L 13.61 9.72 9.72 14.58 15.55 Mg Total Hardness 10 mg/L 152 124 116 132 140 as CaCO3 11 Chloride as Cl- mg/L 149.95 109.97 114.96 129.96 139.96 12 Fluoride as F - mg/L 0.43 0.40 0.36 0.34 0.41 Biochemical 13 Oxygen mg/L 15 19.8 31.8 34.5 39 Demand (BOD) Chemical Oxygen 14 mg/L 44 84 110 140 120 Demand (C.O.D.) 15 Iron as Fe mg/L 0.10 0.11 0.12 0.11 0.13 16 Sodium as Na mg/L 87.4 75.2 86.9 85.6 84.9 17 Potassium as K mg/L 13.8 12.8 13.2 13.2 11.7 Sulphates as 18 mg/L 102.1 101.5 102.5 102.9 100.7 SO4- 19 Nitrate as NO3 mg/L 11.5 10.5 17.5 12.4 13.1 Total alkalinity as 20 mg/L 135 115 120 105 130 CaCO3

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CCI Colony (GW) Kurkunta (GW) Ekmai (GW)

Adki (GW) Bhatgira Bz (GW) Within lease (SW)

Kagna River -DS (SW) Kagna River -US (SW) Kamlavati River- DS (SW)

Kamlavati River- US (SW)

Fig 3.8: Sample Collection for Water Quality

3.7.3 Baseline Results Quality of Ground Water:

The value of pH ranges from 7.86 – 7.92, indicating that water is neutral in the study area. Total hardness of ground water ranges from 290 – 360 mg/l as CaCO3. The observed values of Chloride vary from 249.92 mg/l at Ekmai village

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to 299.91 mg/l at Adki. The ground water quality seems fit for drinking purpose. The value of TDS ranges from 795 – 935 mg/l.

Conclusion:

Groundwater with a higher TDS means that there are more cations and anions in the water. With more ions in the water, the water’s electrical conductivity increases. By measuring the water’s electrical conductivity, we can indirectly determine its TDS concentration. Water having TDS above 500mg/l is generally not recommended for use as drinking water (IS: 10500). The test results show that ground water quality is suitable for drinking and other domestic consumption.

Quality of Surface Water:

The samples of surface water have been collected from two surface water bodies and analyzed for parameters prescribed as per IS-10500. The result of surface water analysis data for the monitoring period i.e. March 2019 to May 2015 is presented above in Table-3.10.

3.8 LAND ENVIRONMENT

Studies on land use aspects of eco-system play important roles for identifying sensitive issues, if any, and taking appropriate actions for maintaining the ecological balance in the development of the region. The main objective of this section is to provide a baseline status of the study area covering 10 km radius around the proposed mine site so that temporal changes due to the mining activities on the surroundings can be assessed in future.

3.8.1 Land Utilization Pattern in the Study Area

The land use/ land cover of the study area i.e. 10 km radius around the proposed mine site has been interpreted from the satellite data (Google Imagery), Toposheet of the area, and subsequent by field surveys. The details of land use categories are given in Table 3.11 and depicted in Fig-3.9 & 3.10.

Table 3.11: Land Utilization Pattern within 10 Km Radius Area

S. No. LULC Class Area (In Ha) Area (In %) 1. Abandoned CCI Factory, 37.74 0.10 Kurkunta 2. Bus Stand 2.07 0.01 3. Civil Court 3.00 0.01 4. College 0.99 0.00 5. Crop Land 31679.89 82.57 6. Electricity Sub Station 21.95 0.06 7. Government Hospital 1.97 0.01 8. Government Veterinary Hospital 0.17 0.00

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9. Hospital 0.99 0.01 10. Mailwar Reserved Forest 610.11 1.59 11. PWD Office 1.33 0.00 12. Rail Area 45.13 0.12 13. Railway Station 17.08 0.04 14. Residential Area 997.70 2.60 15. Residential Area of Cement 57.76 0.15 Plant 16. Road Area 518.10 1.35 17. Rocky Area 709.97 1.85 18. Sarswati Theater 0.16 0.00 19. School 2.58 0.01 20. Scrub Land 868.99 2.26 21. Stone Quarries Area 651.12 1.70 22. Vacant Land 99.88 0.26 23. Vasadatta Cement Mine Area 265.03 0.69 24. Vasadatta Cement Plant Area 150.50 0.39 25. Water Bodies 1622.60 4.23 Total 38366.81 100

Fig 3.9: Landuse/Land Cover Pattern of the Study area

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Fig 3.10: Satellite Imagery of the Study Area

Existing Landuse pattern and Landuse pattern after end of scheme period is given below in Table 3.12 & 3.13 respectively.

Table 3.12: Existing Landuse Pattern (In Ha) S. No. Particulars Present Land use 1. Area under mining 11.72 2. Storage for Top Soil Nil 3. Waste Dump Site Nil 4. Mineral Storage Nil Infrastructure – Workshop, 5. 0.50 Administrative Building etc. 6. Roads 1.19 7. Railway Nil 8. Other to specify (Plantation) 0.10 9. Magazine 0.03 Sub Total 13.54 Area Remained Untouched 106.1 Total Area 119.64

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Table 3.13: Landuse Pattern

3.8.2 Physiography of the Study Area

The topography around the mining lease area is slightly undulating with a northerly gentle gradient. Within the mining lease area, the limestone deposit lies in the form of dome shaped hill having slopes all around. The maximum RL in the lease area is 493.29 above MSL at the top of the Karigatta hill and the minimum RL is 438.00 m in the north- west part. The entire lease area is Govt. waste land. No PWD road passes through the lease area.

3.8.3 Seismicity of the Study Area

The study area fall under seismic zone II (Refer Fig- 3.11); which comes under least to moderately seismic category as per IS-1893 (Part-I) 2002.

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Fig 3.11: Map of Seismic Zone Classification of India

3.9 SOIL ENVIRONMENT

The soil types in the district are deep black, medium black soil, shallow soil and lateritic soil. The deep & medium black soil covers practically the entire district's area, except a small portion towards the northern part of the district. Black soil has been derived from basaltic rocks and varies in colour from medium to deep black. Its thickness varies from 0.5 to 3.6 m. Infiltration rate of shallow, medium and deep black soil is moderate to poor. Infiltration rate of medium black soil recorded in the district is 2.5 cm/hr.

Lateritic soil occurs in small extent towards the northern part of the district and its thickness varies from 1.0 to 5.0 m. It has moderate to good infiltration characteristics.

3.9.1 Soil Quality

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The present study on soil quality establishes the baseline characteristics in the study area surrounding the project site. The study has been addressed with the following objectives:

. To determine the baseline characteristics . To determine the baseline characteristics . To determine the existing soil characteristics around proposed project. . To determine the impact of industrialization/ urbanization on soil characteristics . To determine the impacts on soils from agricultural productivity point of view.

3.9.2 Criteria Adopted for Selection of Sampling Locations

For studying the soil types and soil characteristics, 5 sampling locations were selected to assess the existing soil conditions representing various land use conditions and geological features.

3.9.3 Methodology of Sampling

The homogenized soil samples collected at different locations were packed in a polyethylene plastic bag and sealed. The sealed samples were sent to laboratory for analysis. The physical, chemical parameter concentrations were determined from all samples.

3.9.4 Soil Sampling Locations

Details of the soil sampling locations are given in Table 3.13 and the soil quality monitoring locations within the study area are shown in Fig-3.12 and some photographs of sampling site are shown in Fig-3.13. The standard soil classification is included in Table 3.14.

Table 3.14: Details of Soil Sampling Locations

W.R.T Monitoring Location Sampling Latitude Longitude Location Remarks Code Location (N) (E) Distance Direction (km) Within Non S1 lease area 17° 9'6.90"N 77°19'59.45"E -- -- Agricultura l Adki Agricultura S2 17° 6'46.73"N 77°22'14.34"E 5.90 SE l Ekmai Agricultura S3 17°10'17.57"N 77°23'39.55"E 7.00 ENE l Bhatgira Agricultura S4 17° 8'29.82"N 77°18'3.54"E 3.50 WSW khurd l

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Chitkanpalli Agricultura S5 17° 4'28.07"N 77°19'35.03"E 8.60 S l

Fig 3.12: Soil Quality Sampling Location Map

Table 3.15: Standard Soil Classification

S. No. Soil Test Classification 1 pH <4.5 Extremely acidic 4.51 – 5.50 Very strongly acidic 5.51- 6.00 Moderately acidic 6.01 - 6.50 Slightly acidic 6.51 – 7.30 Neutral 7.31 – 7.80 Slightly alkaline 7.81 – 8.50 Moderately alkaline 8.51 – 9.00 Strongly alkaline >9.00 Very strongly alkaline 2 Salinity Electrical Upto 1.00 Average Conductivity (ppm) 1.01-2.00 Harmful to germination (1ppm = 640 µS/cm) 2.01-3.00 Harmful to crops (sensitive to salts) 3 Organic Carbon (%) Upto 0.20 Very less 0.21-0.40 Less

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0.41-0.50 Medium 0.51-0.80 On an avg. sufficient 0.81-1.00 Sufficient >1.00 More than sufficient 4 Nitrogen (Kg/ha) Upto 50 Very less 51-100 Less 101-150 Good 151-300 Better >300 Sufficient 5 Phosphorus (Kg/ha) Upto 15 Very less 16-30 Less 31-50 Medium 51-65 On an avg. sufficient 66-80 Sufficient >80 More than sufficient 6 Potash (Kg/ha) 0-120 Very less 120-180 Less 181-240 Medium 241-300 Average 301-360 Better >360 More than sufficient Source: Handbook of Agriculture, ICAR, 2012, New Delhi

The soil samples collected during the field studies were analyzed for different parameters following standard methods and results are compiled in Table 3.16.

Table 3.16: Soil Analysis results

S. No. Parameters Unit S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 1. pH Value -- 8.41 8.28 8.37 5.93 5.88 Sandy Sandy Sandy Sandy Sandy 2. Texture -- Clay Clay Clay Clay Clay Loam Loam Loam Loam Loam Electrical 3. ms/cm 204.1 173.8 241.9 217.9 246.4 Conductivity 4. Bulk Density gm/cc 1.63 1.62 1.62 1.63 1.63 Water Holding 5. % 52.31 63.68 51.65 58.39 50.93 Capacity 6. Moisture Content % 4.34 3.31 0.5 6.9 5.11 Total Nitrogen 7. % 0.06 0.04 0.07 0.06 0.04 (TKN) 8. Sodium as Na µg/ml 1.8 1.1 1.0 2.3 1.5 9. Potassium as K µg/ml 9.5 13.5 11.9 5.8 19.8 Calcium 10. % 12.1 12.61 9.83 15.19 17.6 Carbonate 11. Organic Matter % 1.13 1.59 0.89 2.01 1.1 Total Kg/Hect 12. Phosphorous as 0.16 0.15 0.17 0.14 0.14 . P

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Within Lease Area Adki Ekmai

Bhatgira khurd Chitkanpalli

Fig 3.13: Photographs of Soil Sampling

3.9.5 Baseline Results

Monitoring data shows that the texture of soil at all locations is Sandy Clay Loam.

. The data shows that value of pH ranges from 5.93 at Bhatgira Khurd village to 8.41 at Mine site indicating that all soil samples are alkaline in nature expect Bhatgira Khurd is acidic. . Chitkanpalli village shows maximum conductivity of 246.4ms/cm, while Adki shows minimum conductivity of 173.8 ms/cm. . The organic matter content varied from 0.89% to 2.01%. One sample is in less category (0.89 %), whereas 4 sample are in high category (>1.00 %). . The concentration of Total Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium in the soil samples varies from 0.04 to 0.07 %, 0.14 to 0.17 kg/Hect and 5.8 to 19.8 µg/ml.

3.10 TRAFFIC DENSITY

The proposed project would involve transportation of limestone from mine to the cement plant of the company. The limestone will be transported from mine face to the crusher located within the ML area by dumpers and from crusher to the cement plant by conveyors. Thus, there will not be any road transportation of limestone outside the mine lease area. However, there will be an increase in

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existing traffic for transport of manpower. Mostly local people will be employed in the mine and they will come from nearby villages.

3.11 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT 3.11.1 Introduction

Biodiversity is often taken to refer mainly to the diversity of species, especially where conservation is under discussion. Biotic component comprises of both plant animal communities which interact not only within and between them self but also with a biotic i.e. physical and chemical components of the environment. Generally a biological community is being dependent on the environmental conditions and resources of its location may change if there are many major changes in the environment. The number of variables like temperature, humidity, atmospheric conditions, soil, topography, etc. is responsible for maintaining the homeostasis of the environment and a change in any one or more of these variables may tend to destabilize the ecosystem. In such cases the change may be mostly irreversible. Therefore, the need to assess the changes of the animal and plant resources is primary requisite as these living things determine the environmental healthiness of any given ecosystem or environment.

Biological impact assessment generally includes listing of plants and animals present in core and buffer areas of the project site. The identified species are then checked for their status according to IUCN list of threat categories viz., endemic, endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate and insufficiently known. In certain cases, it is also considered desirable to conduct vegetation analysis using standard phyto-sociological methods.

As part of this assignment, a flora and fauna study has been conducted for Cement Corporation of India, limestone mine at Injepalli & Sedam villages of Sedam Taluka, Kalaburgi District, and Karnataka.

3.11.2 Objectives

The biological study of the area has been conducted in order to understand the ecological status of the existing flora and fauna to generate baseline information and evaluate the probable impacts on the biological environment.

The present scope of work was undertaken with the following objectives:

. To collect the baseline terrestrial biodiversity status regarding flora and fauna in the project area. . To assess the frequency, density, abundance, Importance Value Index (IVI) and Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index (flora).

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. To evaluate the dominant species of plant and animal. Secondary data also be collected from the local residents and authenticated list of flora and fauna by the Department of Forest, District Kalaburgi, Karnataka. . To identify the endangered / threatened / scheduled species in the study area (both flora and fauna). . To mark the wetlands and other ecologically sensitive areas such as national parks/ sanctuaries. . To provide the conservation plan and suggestion / recommendation for social forestry green belt / plantation. . To assess the effect of construction and operation of the project on existing ecology.

On the basis of onsite observations a checklist of flora and fauna was prepared.

3.11.3 Period of the Study and Study Area

The baseline study, for the evaluation of the floral and faunal biodiversity of the terrestrial environment of the study area, within 10 Km radius from the proposed mining lease site of CCI Ltd., Unit- Kurkunta Cement Plant. The lease area is located between latitude 17° 9'7.10" to 17° 8'50.75"N and longitudes 77°19'54.35" to 77°20'1.03"E at Injepalli & Sedam villages of Sedam Taluka, Kalaburgi District, Karnataka. The ML No. of mine is 2015 and lease area is 119.64 hectare. Site is about 5.37 km from railway station of Kurgunta. The State Highway No. 15 and 122 touches the NW and S side of study area. Field studies were undertaken in the month of April 2019.

3.11.4 Methodology

The primary objective of survey was to describe the floristic and faunal communities within the study area. The sampling plots for floral inventory were selected randomly in the suitable habitats within the 10km radius from the project site. The methodology adopted for faunal survey involve; faunal habitat assessment, random intensive survey, opportunistic observations, diurnal bird observation, active search for reptiles, active search for scats and foot prints and review of previous studies. The aim was to set baselines in order to monitor and identify trends after the commencement of mining activity. Emphasis has been placed on presence of rare, endemic, migratory and threatened species, if any in the study area. Desktop literature review was also conducted to identify the representative spectrum of threatened species, population and ecological communities as listed by IUCN, ZSI, BSI and in Indian wild Life Protection act, 1972. The status of individual species was assessed using the revised IUCN/ SSC category system.

3.11.5 Floral Study

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The vegetation sampling was carried out by using the least count quadrate method across different habitats. The quadrants are useful for quantification of density and abundance of the vegetation in the study area. The size and number of quadrates needed were determined using the species area curve (Mishra, 1968) and the running mean method (Kershaw, 1973). Summarization of previously used methods and recommendations led to the use of more than often (10x10m) quadrates laid out for sampling the tree stratum and 1x1m quadrates for herbs and grasses. DBH of trees was also determined. All individuals > 10 cm GBH (Girth at Breast Height) were included in tree category. However, for examining the shrub species 3x3m sample plots were laid out.

The data collected for biodiversity information were quantitatively analyzed for density, frequency, abundance and Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index. The relative values of frequency, density and dominance of all the species were summed up to represent Importance Value Index (IVI). The followings are the formulae to derive frequency, density, abundance, Importance Value Index (IVI) etc.

Frequency : Total number of quadrate in which species occurred x 100 Total number of quadrate studied Density : Total number of individuals of a species Total number of quadrate studied Abundance : Total number of individuals of species in all quadrate Total number of quadrate in which species occurred Dominance : Total Basal Area Total area sampled Relative Frequency: Frequency of the species x 100 Total frequency of all species Relative Density : Density of the species x 100 Total density of all species Relative : Abundance of the species x 100 Abundance Total abundance of all species Relative : Dominance of the species x 100 Dominance Total Dominance of all species Importance Value Index (IVI) = Relative frequency + Relative density + Relative dominance Shanon – Weaver Index (1948)

The number of species and number of individuals in a community is measure of species diversity which depends on stability of the habitat. Vegetation of the study area was assess by determining Shannon – Weaver diversity index (1948)

D = -Σ (ni / n) log2 (ni / n) ni = Number of individuals of each species in the sample n = Total number of individuals

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Core Zone: Tree (10x10m):

The list of trees species observed during the present survey is given in the Table No. 3.17.

Table 3.17: List of Trees observed in Core Zone (10x10m)

Total no of Total no of Importance SWD Total No of Quadrate in Individual Basal S. Species Binomial Relative Relative Relative Value Index Quadrate Which of Species Density Frequency Area No Name Name Density Frequency Dominance Index H= - ∑ Pi Studied Species in All (m2) (IVI) ( lnPi) Occurred Quadrate 1 Neem Azadirachta indica 25 5 7 0.28 87.500 20 83.333 0.268 65.910 236.74 -0.11684 2 Babool Acacia nilotica 25 9 11 0.44 18.033 36 19.149 0.082 6.239 43.42 -0.30980 0.42664

Buffer Zone: Tree (10x10m):

The list of trees species observed during the present survey is given in the Table No. 3.18.

Table 3.18: List of Trees observed in Buffer Zone (10x10m)

Total No of Total No of Importance SWD Total No of Quadrate in Individual Basal S. Species Binomial Relative Relative Relative Value Index Quadrate Which of Species Density Frequency Area No Name Name Density Frequency Dominance Index H= - ∑ Pi Studied Species in All (m2) (IVI) ( lnPi) Occurred Quadrate Azadirachta 1 Neem 50 27 32 0.64 13.008 54 14.674 0.222 4.787 32.469 -0.2653 indica Kathal or Artocarpus 2 50 14 16 0.32 6.504 28 7.609 0.194 4.166 18.279 -0.1777 jackfruit heterophyllus Pongamia 3 Karanj 50 8 11 0.22 4.472 16 4.348 0.203 4.371 13.191 -0.1390 pinnata Albizia 4 Siris tree 50 11 15 0.3 6.098 22 5.978 0.219 4.713 16.789 -0.1706 lebbeck 5 Indian Ficus 50 4 5 0.1 2.033 8 2.174 0.077 1.647 5.853 -0.0792

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Banyan benghalensis Kiker or Acacia 6 50 21 34 0.68 13.821 42 11.413 0.164 3.528 28.762 -0.2735 Babool nilotica Tamarindus 7 Imli 50 5 7 0.14 2.846 10 2.717 0.240 5.174 10.737 -0.1013 indica 1.2066

Core Zone: Shrub (5x5m):

Shrubs observed during the present survey are given in the Table No. 3.19.

Table 3.19: List of Shrubs observed in Core Zone (5x5m)

Total No Total No of SWD Total No of Importance Individual Relative Index S. Species Binomial of Quadrate Relative Relative Abundanc Value of Species Density Frequency Abundanc H= - ∑ Pi No Name Name Quadrate in Which Density Frequency e Index in All e ( lnPi) Studied Species (IVI) Quadrate Occurred Vilayati Prosopis 1 25 8 15 6.98 1.88 0.6 9.09 32 9.06 25.124 -0.1858 Babool juliflora

Calotropis 2 Aak 25 14 33 15.35 2.36 1.32 15.91 56 11.38 42.642 -0.2877 procera Leptadenia 3 Khimp pyrotechni 25 5 9 4.19 1.80 0.36 5.68 20 8.69 18.562 -0.1328 ca Capparis 4 Kair 25 7 12 5.58 1.71 0.48 7.95 28 8.28 21.816 -0.1611 decidua

Ricinus 5 Arandi 25 8 11 0.44 5.12 32 9.09 1.38 6.64 20.848 -0.1521 cummunis Tribulus 6 25 15 53 24.65 3.53 2.12 17.05 60 17.07 58.762 -0.3452 Gokharu terrestris 1.2647

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Buffer Zone: Shrub (5x5m):

Shrubs observed during the present survey are given in the Table No. 3.20.

Table 3.20: List of Shrubs observed in Buffer Zone (5x5m)

Total No Total No of SWD Total No of Importance Individual Relative Index S. Species Binomial of Quadrate Relative Relative Abundanc Value of Species Density Frequency Abundanc H= - ∑ Pi No Name Name Quadrate in Which Density Frequency e Index in All e ( lnPi) Studied Species (IVI) Quadrate Occurred Vilayati Prosopis 1 Babool 50 20 67 13.32 3.35 1.34 10.20 40 10.22 33.74 -0.2685 juliflora

Calotropis 2 Aak 50 18 43 8.55 2.39 0.86 9.18 36 7.29 25.02 -0.2102 procera Leptadenia 3 Khimp pyrotechni 50 12 27 5.37 2.25 0.54 6.12 24 6.86 18.35 -0.1570 ca Capparis 4 Kair 50 16 27 5.37 1.69 0.54 8.16 32 5.15 18.68 -0.1570 decidua

Ricinus 5 Arandi 50 13 35 6.96 2.69 0.7 6.63 26 8.21 21.80 -0.1855 cummunis Zizyphus 6 Ber nummulari 50 14 51 10.14 3.64 1.02 7.14 28 11.11 28.39 -0.2321 a Peeli Cascabela 7 Kaner 50 19 56 11.13 2.95 1.12 9.69 38 8.99 29.82 -0.2444 thevetia

1.4547

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Core Zone: Herb (1x1m):

Herbs observed during the present survey are given in the Table No. 3.21.

Table 3.21: List of Herbs observed in Core Zone (1x1m)

Total No Total No of SWD Total No of Importance Individual Relative Index S. Species Binomial of Quadrate Relative Relative Value of Species Density Frequency Frequenc H= - ∑ Pi No Name Name Quadrate in Which Density Abundance Index in All y Abundance ( lnPi) Studied Species (IVI) Quadrate Occurred Bermuda Cynodon 1 Grass or 25 20 143 5.72 9.78 80 4.22 7.15 7.61 21.606 -0.227 dactylon Doob Cenchrus 2 Bhurat 25 19 55 2.2 3.76 76 4.01 2.89 3.08 10.85 -0.123 biflorus Jangli Amaranthu 3 25 19 69 2.76 4.72 76 4.01 3.63 3.86 12.591 -0.144 chaulai s spinosus Cyperus 4 Motha 25 17 45 1.8 3.08 68 3.59 2.65 2.82 9.48 -0.107 rotundus

Gokharu Tribulus 5 25 14 41 1.64 2.8 56 2.95 2.93 3.12 8.873 -0.1 herb terrestris Makara or Dactylocte 6 crowfoot nium 25 14 37 1.48 2.53 56 2.95 2.64 2.81 8.296 -0.093 grass aegyptium 0.794

Buffer Zone: Herb (1x1m):

Herbs observed during the present survey are given in the Table No. 3.22.

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Table 3.22: List of Herbs observed in Buffer Zone (1x1m)

Total No Total No of SWD Total No of Importance Individual Index S. Species Binomial of Quadrate Relative Relative Relative Value of Species Density Frequency H= - ∑ Pi No Name Name Quadrate in Which Density Frequency Abundance Index in All Abundance ( lnPi) Studied Species (IVI) Quadrate Occurred Digitaria 1 Crabgrass 50 33 141 15.43 4.27 2.82 11.07 66 8.13 34.63 -0.2883 sanguinalis Bermuda Cynodon 2 Grass or 50 27 70 7.66 2.59 1.4 9.06 54 4.93 21.65 -0.1968 dactylon Doob Egyptian Dactylocte 3 Crowfoot nium 50 28 55 6.02 1.96 1.1 9.40 56 3.74 19.15 -0.1691 grass aegyptium Bullet Panicum 4 50 19 45 4.92 2.37 0.9 6.38 38 4.50 15.80 -0.1483 grass repens

Jangli Amaranthu 5 50 17 58 6.35 3.41 1.16 5.70 34 6.49 18.54 -0.1750 chaulai s spinosus Argemone 6 Satyanasi 50 14 62 6.78 4.43 1.24 4.70 28 8.42 19.90 -0.1825 maxicana Cyperus 7 Motha 50 15 58 6.35 3.87 1.16 5.03 30 7.35 18.73 -0.1750 rotundus Datura 8 Dhatura 50 19 52 5.69 2.74 1.04 6.38 38 5.21 17.27 -0.1631 stramonium Cenchrus 9 Bhurat 50 8 23 2.52 2.88 0.46 2.68 16 5.47 10.67 -0.0927 biflorus 1.5908

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3.11.6 Faunal Study

For the documentation of the faunal biodiversity of the study area with respect to birds, reptiles, amphibians, and butterfly species, a detailed survey had been conducted, within 10 km radius from proposed site in Injepalli Village, in Kalaburgi District. This data is based on the survey conducted during April, 2019.

The different methods adopted were as follows:

. Physical observation by the survey method conducted in the study area for the faunal diversity study. . Secondary data were gathered from the local habitant with the discussion. . Data collected from the other sources for the complete biological environmental studies. . Intensive surveys were carried out at Injepalli & Sedam villages of Sedam Taluka, Kalaburgi District, Karnataka. Survey was conducted at study site, which would be subjected to higher degree of disturbance by project related activities. Data on the presence/absence of the different faunal species in the project area was recorded largely based on direct and indirect evidence such as tracks, spoors, dung and calls. Secondary information sources such as published information, unpublished reports, personal communication and informal interviews with villagers were also taken into account for supplementing primary data collected during field studies. Standard field guides were used for identification of faunal species during the surveys (Peater, 1980). . Avifaunal studies (Bird surveys) were conducted at the sampling points marked for intensive study. While traversing the area, birds were identified either by direct sighting or by calls. Casual observations were also recorded as and when the team moved through the study area. Field guide by Ali & Ripley, (1983) was used to identify bird species. Existing checklists of avian species (Anon., 1998) of the project area was also consulted and validated.

Avifauna: Core Zone

Only 6 species reported from the project site (flying across site) which includes Common ground dove, Common Babbler, Black Drongo, Cattle Egret, Common Kingfisher, and Red-wattled Lapwing.

Buffer Zone

Systematic account of the birds in the study area with the status of occurrence is given in the below Table 3.23.

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Table 3.23: Systematic Lists of Birds in Study Area

S. No. Common Name Binomial Name Family Schedule 1. Common Alcedo atthis Alcedinidae IV Kingfisher 2. House sparrow Passer domesticus Passeridae IV 3. Indian Ring Dove Streptopelia Columbidae IV decaocto 4. Indian Black Dicrurus macrocercus Dicruridae IV Drongo 5. Rock Pigeon Columba livia Columbidae IV 6. Common Myna Acridotheres tristis Sturnidae IV 7. Common Bulbul Pycnonotus barbatus Pycnonotidae IV 8. Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis Ardeidae IV 9. Indian roller Coracioas Bengalensis Coraciidae IV

Mammals: Core Zone

There were 2 mammals observed at site during site visit includes Common Mongoose and three striped Squirrel.

Buffer Zone

The wild mammals documented other than domesticated ones from buffer zone of the study area are given in the Table 3.24.

Table 3.24: List of Mammals in the Buffer Zone

S. No. Common Name Binomial Name Family Schedule 1 Mongoose / Neola Herpestes edwardsi Herpestidae IV 2 Five stripped palm Funambulus pennantii Sciuridae IV squirrel 3 Indian Hedgehog Paraechinus micropus Erinaceidae IV 4 Buffalo Bubalus bubalis Bovidae IV 5 Cow Bas taurus IV 6 Common House Rattus rattus Muridae V Rat 7 Indian porcupine Hystrix indica Hystricidae IV 8 Indian Fox Vulpes bengalensis Canidae IV

Amphibians and Reptiles:

Amphibians are mainly in fresh water and marshy place.

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Table 3.25: Amphibians and Reptiles in the Study Area

S. No. Common name Binomial name Family Schedule Amphibians 1 Common Indian Duttaphrynus Bufonidae LC Toad melanostictus 2 Indian Bullfrog Hoplobatrachus Ranidae IV tigerinus Reptiles 3 Yellow-Green Hemidactylus flaviviridis Agamidae LC House Gecko 4 Garden Lizard/ Calotes versicolor Agamidae LC Girgit 5 Common House Hemidactylus frenatus Gekkonidae LC Gecko 6 Fan throated lizard Sitana ponticeriana Agamidae LC 7 Keeled Indian Mabuya carinata Scincidae LC Mabuya

Endangered Plants

Based on the survey conducted, the study area does not have any living species which are endangered or threatened as per the IUCN Red list.

Endangered animals

Based on the survey conducted, the study area does not have any species which are endangered or threatened as per the IUCN Red list or in the Schedule species list under the Wildlife Conservation Act.

Migratory Species

Avifauna species may be migratory.

Wildlife Sanctuaries/National Parks/Reserve Forest areas

As per the survey conducted and literature available, it is observed that no reserve forest or conservation area exists in 10 km radius of the proposed mine.

Table 3.26: Major Features in the Study Area

Feature Name / Status National Park / Sanctuary Nil Biosphere Reserve /Tiger Reserve/ Elephant Nil Reserve /any other Reserve Habitat for migratory birds Nil Corridor for animals of Schedule I & II of the Nil

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Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972

Azadirachta indica Phoenix dactylifera Terminalia catappa (Neem) (Khajur) (Badam)

Opuntia elatior Nerium odorum Pongamia pinnata (Nagphani) (Kaner) (Karanj)

Crop Land (Sugarcane) Near Magnur Village

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Bambusa bambos Bos taurus Bubulcus ibis (Bamboo) (Cow) (Cattle Egret)

Fig 3.13: Photo Documentation

3.12 SOCIO ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT

This section discusses the baseline socio-economic environment of the Kalaburgi district and Sedam Taluka with respect to CCI’s proposed limestone mining operations. The following section discusses the methodology used for the socio- economic assessment. The subsequent sections discuss the baseline profile of the district and the villages within the study area. The information provided has been primarily derived from the secondary sources (Census of India and District Statistical Handbook). In addition primary information was also collected during the discussions at the villages with the local community members. The village- wise secondary data (obtained from Census, 2011 and presented) has been taken into consideration for analyzing the socio-economic profile in a comparative manner for the proposed mine.

3.12.1 Study Area at a Glance

The mines of Cement Corporation of India M.L. No. 2015 (119.64 Hect.) is located in village Injepalli and Sedam, Tehsil Sedam Dist. Gulbarga (Kalaburgi), Karnataka. The study area includes the 31 villages of Tehsil Sedam District Gulbarga (Kalaburgi), Karnataka and 5 villages of Tehsil Basheerabad, District Vikarabad, Telangana within radius of 10.0 km. from mine site. Gulbarga (Kalaburgi) district is situated in northern Karnataka between 76°.04' and 77°.42’ east longitude, and 17°.12' and 17°.46' north latitude. This district is bounded on the west by Bijapur district and Solapur district of Maharashtra state, on the north by Bidar district, Osmanabad district and Latur district of Maharashtra state, on the south by Yadgir district, and on the east by Vikarabad district of Telangana state. Kalaburgi is famous for toordal Pigeon pea and the limestone deposits are more in Kalaburgi District. As per Census 2011, Kalaburgi City is an Urban Agglomeration coming under category of Class I UAs/Towns.

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The project proponent is committed to take up the socio-economic development initiatives not only to minimize the negative impact on the population and also to improve the socio-economic status of population living in 10 km radius of the mine as its sustained effort as part of corporate social responsibility.

3.12.2 Objectives

The board objectives of the socio-economic impact assessment are:

. To study the socio-economic status of the people living in the study area. . To assess the impact on socio-economic environment due to the project concerned . To evaluate the community development measures proposed to be taken up by the project proponent, if any . To suggest community development measures that needs to be taken for the study area with stake holder engagement.

3.12.3 Methodology

The methodology adopted mainly includes primary survey review of published secondary data (District Census Statistical Handbooks-2011 and Primary Census Abstract of Census-2011) with respect to population, density, household size, sex ratio, social stratification, literacy rate and occupational structure for 10 km radius study area.

3.12.4 Demographic Profile of the Study Area 3.12.4.1 Population Profile

The study area comprises of 31 villages of Tehsil Sedam District Kalaburgi, Karnataka state and 5 villages of Tehsil Basheerabad District Vikarabad Telangana state within the radius 10 km from mine site. The total population of the buffer zone is 92,055 accommodating in households 17,954 with an average households size of approx. 4 members per family. Details are given in the Table 3.27.

Table 3.27: Population Composition of Study Area

S. Name of No. of Total Total Total No. Village Households Population Male Female 1 Batgera(K) 518 2728 1343 1385 2 Hodal 318 1978 1001 977 3 Injepalli 46 172 82 90 4 Madkal 476 2239 1128 1111 Sub Total 1358 7117 3554 3563 5 Adki 733 3714 1819 1895 6 Batgera(B) 611 3068 1490 1578

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7 Biderched 154 837 440 397 8 Ekmai 629 2906 1418 1488 9 Hanmanhalli 137 789 388 401 10 Imdapur 227 1281 639 642 11 Kachwar 116 579 283 296 12 Kurgunta (CT) 1313 6472 3204 3268 13 Madhwar 113 586 290 296 14 Sedam 7,831 39,341 19,816 19,525 15 Sompalli 119 537 272 265 16 Turkbommanhalli 54 284 133 151 Sub Total 12037 60394 30192 30202 17 Amarwadi 49 270 135 135 18 Bibhalli 132 748 362 386 19 Chitkanpalli 280 1507 698 809 20 Gopanapalli(K) 88 439 222 217 21 Gundepalli(K) 97 464 228 236 22 Habal (T) 290 1418 689 729 23 Hanumannagar 148 891 454 437 24 Hayyal 202 954 454 500 25 Iragpalli 246 1297 640 657 26 Jilladpalli 81 424 207 217 27 Kothlapur 625 2977 1480 1497 28 Mailwar 554 2829 1411 1418 29 Rajola 366 2361 1198 1163 30 Satpatanhalli 112 582 285 297 31 Surwar 129 643 308 335 32 Taranhalli 368 2162 1055 1107 33 Tilgul 277 1702 825 877 34 Manthangoud 240 1377 690 687 35 KamsanpalleBuzurg 133 818 430 388 36 Yadhalli 142 681 346 335 Sub Total 4559 24544 12117 12427 Grand Total 17954 92055 45863 46192 Source: Census of India, 2011

3.12.4.2 Distribution of Population

As per 2011 census, the study area consists of 92,055 persons inhabited in study area. The distribution of population in the study area is shown in Fig 3.14. Details are given in the Table 3.27.

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Fig 3.14: Demographic Map of Study Area

Table 3.28: Distribution of Population

Particulars 0-3 km 3-7 km 7-10 km 0-10 km No. of Households 1358 12037 4559 17954 Total Population 7117 60394 24544 92055 Male Population 3554 30192 12117 45863 Female Population 3563 30202 12427 46192 Total Population (0-6 years) 1016 8095 3304 12415 Male Population (0-6 years) 519 4056 1648 6223 Female Population (0-6 years) 497 4039 1656 6192 % of 0-6 years population 14.28 13.40 13.46 13.49 Average Household Size 5.24 5.02 5.38 5.13 % of males to the total population 49.94 49.99 49.37 49.82 % of females to the total population 50.06 50.01 50.63 50.18 Sex Ratio (no of females per 1000 males) 1003 1000 1026 1007 Density 198 663 115 271 Source: District Census Hand Book - 2011

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100000 92055 90000

80000

70000

60394 60000 Schedule caste 50000 Schedule Tribes

40000 Total SC and ST population Total population 30000 26111 24544 23697

20000 15300 14031

10000 7117 7012 8153 2654 2658 1269 2414 4 1141 0 0-3 km 3-7 km 7-10 km 0-10 km

3.12.4.3 Social Structure

In the study area, as per 2011 census, 25.74% of the population belongs to Scheduled Castes (SC) and 2.62% to Scheduled Tribes (ST). In comparison with state proportion of SC and ST Population in the study area is approx similar to district (Gulbarga district SC 25.3% and ST 2.5%).

Overall the data of social stratification reveals that the SC and ST% to population is Nearby 30%, The SC and ST community are marginalized and they are at considered at low level of social strata and calls for a special attention in Social Impact Management Plan for improving their socio-economic status apart from preservation and protection of their art, culture and traditional rights of livelihood. The distribution of population by social structure is shown in Table 3.29.

Table 3.29: Distribution of Population by Social Structure

Particulars 0-3 km 3-7 km 7-10 km 0-10 km Schedule caste 2654 14031 7012 23697 % To the total population 37.29 23.23 28.57 25.74 Schedule Tribes 4 1269 1141 2414 % To the total population 0.06 2.10 4.65 2.62 Total SC and ST population 2658 15300 8153 26111 % To total population 37.35 25.33 33.22 28.36 Total population 7117 60394 24544 92055 Source: District Census Hand Book – 2011

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100000 92055 90000

80000

70000

60394 60000 Schedule caste 50000 Schedule Tribes

40000 Total SC and ST population Total population 30000 26111 24544 23697

20000 15300 14031

10000 7117 7012 8153 2654 2658 1269 2414 4 1141 0 0-3 km 3-7 km 7-10 km 0-10 km

3.12.4.4 Literacy Profile

The data of study area reveals that literacy rate 63.95% as per 2011 census, which is found to be less than the state rate of literacy (Karnataka 75.4%). The distribution of literate and literacy rate in the study area is given in the Table 3.30.

Table 3.30: Literacy Profile of the Study Area

Particulars 0-3 km 3-7 km 7-10 km 0-10 km Total Population 7117 60394 24544 92055 Male Population 3554 30192 12117 45863 Female Population 3563 30202 12427 46192 Total Population (0-6 years) 1016 8095 3304 12415 Male Population (0-6 years) 519 4056 1648 6223 Female Population (0-6 years) 497 4039 1656 6192 Total population above 6 years 6101 52299 21240 79640 Total literates (6+ Years) 3333 36464 11132 50929 Male literates (6+ years) 2012 20504 6533 29049 Female literates (6+ Years) 1321 15960 4599 21880 Male literacy rate (%) to the total 60.37 56.23 58.69 57.04 literates Female literacy rate (%) to the total 39.63 43.77 41.31 42.96 literates Total literacy rate (%) to the total 54.63 69.72 52.41 63.95 population Average male literacy to the total 32.98 39.21 30.76 36.48 Population (%) Average female literacy to the total 21.65 30.52 21.65 27.47 Population (%) Source: District Census Hand Book – 2011

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60000

50929 50000

40000 36464

Total literates 30000 29049 Male literates 21880 20504 Female literates 20000 15960

11132 10000 6533 4599 3333 2012 1321 0 0-3 km 3-7 km 7-10 km 0-10 km

The percentage of male literates to the total literates of the study area works out to be 57.04%. The percentage of female literates to the total literates, which is an important indicator for social change, is observed to be 42.96% in the study area as per 2011 census records.

3.12.4.5 Occupational Structure

The occupational structure of residents of work participation rate in the study area is studied with reference to main workers, marginal workers and non- workers. The main workers include 10 categories of workers defined by the Census Department consisting of cultivators, agricultural laborers, those engaged in live-stock, forestry, fishing, mining and quarrying; manufacturing, processing and repairs in household industry; and other than household industry, construction, trade and commerce, transport and communication and other services.

The marginal workers are those workers engaged in some work for a period of less than six months during the reference year prior to the census survey. The non-workers include those engaged in unpaid household duties, students, retired persons, dependents, beggars, vagrants etc.; institutional inmates or all other non-workers who do not fall under the above categories.

Total work participation in the project study areas is 42.04% and the non-workers constitute 57.96% of the total population respectively. In comparison with study area work participation rate is similar to Kalaburgi district. (Kalaburgi district is 42.4%). The main workers to the total workers are 81.59% and the marginal

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workers constitute to 18.41% to the total workers. The occupational structure of the study area is shown in Table 3.31.

Table 3.31: Occupational Structure of the Study Area

Particulars 0-3 km 3-7 km 7-10 km 0-10 km Total Population 7117 60394 24544 92055 Total workers 3246 22552 12899 38697 Work participation rate (%) 45.61 37.34 52.55 42.04 Total main workers 2667 18674 10231 31572 % of main workers to total workers 82.16 82.80 79.32 81.59 Marginal workers 579 3878 2668 7125 % of marginal workers to total workers 17.84 17.20 20.68 18.41 Non-workers 3871 37842 11645 53358 % of non-workers to total population 54.39 62.66 47.45 57.96

60000

53358

50000

38697 40000 37842

31572 Total workers 30000 Total main workers 22552 Marginal workers 18674 20000 Non-workers 12899 11645 10231 10000 7125 3871 3878 32462667 2668 579 0 0-3 km 3-7 km 7-10 km 0-10 km

3.12.5 Infrastructural Facilities and Amenities

The infrastructure and amenities available in the area denote the economic wellbeing of the region. A review of infrastructural facilities available in the study area has been done based on the survey by Functional Area Expert (FAE).

3.12.5.1 Education Facility

In the study area; it was observed that each village has school upto primary level. For further education students have to travel to nearby villages. The basic infrastructure of school is fairly well constructed. The school gets the electricity regularly and water. The education facilities that are prevailing in the study area are shown in Table 3.32.

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Table 3.32: Educational Facilities in the Study Area

Government Private

- -

Pre Pre

(InKms.)

Distance Distance Senior Senior

School School School School School School School School

Primary Primary Primary Primary

College College

Secondary Secondary Secondary Secondary 0-3 04 1 1 1 - - 02 01 - - 3-7 12 10 06 02 02 05 10 05 04 07 7-10 15 10 02 02 - - 03 02 02 -

3.12.5.2 Medical & Health Facility

There are primary health centre and sub centers in the surveyed villages. The medical facilities available in the study area are given in Table 3.33.

Table 3.33: Medical Facilities in the Study Area

Health Health

Kms.)

Centre Centre

(Govt.)

Hospital Hospital Hospital

(

Distance

Ayurvedic Veterinary

Dispensary

Sub

Community Community

Hospital (Pvt.) Hospital

Homeopathic

Health Centre Health Primary Health Health Primary 0-3 01 ------3-7 04 01 02 - 03 05 02 03 01 7-10 01 - 01 - - - - 02 -

3.12.5.3 Source of Water

Main source of drinking water is Tap water and bore well water is used for irrigation. Other water resources such as ponds and well are there as shown in Table 3.34.

Table 3.34: Medical Facilities in the Study Area

Distance Bore Hand Tap Well River Ponds Canals (In Kms.) well pumps water 0-3 A A NA A A A NA 3-7 A A A A A A NA 7-10 A A A A A A NA

3.12.5.4 Communication Facilities

The changing trends in technology have massively affected the people in the study area. The most important means of communication is mobile phones

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which are possessed by most of the individuals in the locality. It has become an obsession among the youth and a necessity for the working class. All other means of communication seem to have become extinct after the advent of mobile technology; details are given in Table 3.35.

Table 3.35: Communication Facilities in the Study Area

Distance Post Telephone Mobile Phone STDs Internet Pvt. Courier (In Kms.) Office (Landlines) Coverage Booth Cafes Facility 0-3 A A A NA NA NA 3-7 A A A NA A A 7-10 A A A NA NA NA 3.12.5.5 Transportation Facility

The study area is well connected with road. Transport or transportation is the movement of people, animals and goods from one location to another. Modes of transport are road. The nearest railway station is Kurkunta. The field can be divided into infrastructure, vehicles and operations. Transport is important because it enables trade between people, which is essential for the development of civilizations. The various transportation facilities available in the study area are shown in Table 3.36.

Table 3.36: Transportation Facilities in the Study Area

Distance Bus Service Railway Auto Taxi (In Kms.) Govt. Pvt. Station Rickshaw 0-3 A A NA NA NA 3-7 A A A A NA 7-10 A A NA NA NA

3.12.6 Social Issue & Needs

Considering the direct and indirect impact due to proposed project the community consultation was conducted in the villages nearest to the proposed project site (within a 7-8 km radius) in order to share the experience and to identify solutions to resolve concern/ issues.The community consultation was carried out on 25/03/2019 to 27/03/2019 at Madkal, Kurgunta, Bhatgira Buzurg, Mailwar Azimpet villages etc. on various topics/issues related to social issues in the surrounding areas.

Primary data mainly through interviews with individuals and communities in the identified villages (as per the preliminary project boundary) and secondary data such as published and unpublished reports of the central and state government, information in the public domain was collected.

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Table 3.37: Focus Group Discussion Details

S. Location Issues Villages Date No. Within Village Discussed 1 Madkal Primary School Condition of 25/03/19  2 Kurgunta Hospital (PHC) education 3 Sedam Govt. Hospital  Health and 4 Yadga Hospital (PHC) sanitation facilities 26/03/19 Bhatgira Sr. Secondary  Condition of basic 5 Buzurg School infrastructure Secondary School, facilities 6 Adki Panchayat Office  Employment 27/03/19 Mailwar Sr. Secondary  Drinking water 7 Azimpet School facilities

Interaction at Kurkunta Group Interaction at Kurkunta

Interaction at Yadga Village

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Group Discussion at Madkal Interaction at Adki

Fig 3.15: Photographs of Public Interaction

3.12.7 Socio-Economic Observations in the Study Area

. Proposed project will be established in the Government waste land, therefore there is no loss of any residential/commercial/community/religious structures. There is also no loss of any agricultural/forest land. . R & R also does not applicable for this project. . Government run health programmes are organized in the villages falling in the study area but people fail to gain this facility. . The majority of the population of the study area depends on agriculture besides the industry like poultry and dairy farming are also taken up. Milk and dairy products are attracting the attention of the peoples in villages and they are being associated with it by cooperative societies. Few are engaged in nearby industries. . Socio-economic status of women in the study area is below average. Role of decision making of women in daily household activities is very low. . Girl child education is predominantly promoted in the region but there is requirement of some improvement in it. Literacy of women in the study area is much below in comparison to their male counterparts. . Involvement of women in any economic activities is also very poor. They are involved in rearing children, household works and few works as laborers. . Overall socio-economic status of people is poor. . Personal hygiene and awareness of cleanliness is average in many villages. There is poor drainage system and domestic wastewater of drains flow on the village road leading to infectious diseases. . Hand pump, well and taps are the main source of drinking water and household activities. . Public toilets are missing in public places.

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. Electricity supply in the villages is available 10 to 12 hours only. . Average income in the villages of the study area . Television, news paper and FM radio is the medium of mass communication.

3.12.8 Major Issues in the Region

. There is an urgent need of women empowerment programme, women right awareness programme, women-skill development programme in the villages of project periphery. . Girl education should be promoted in the study area. . Vocational and Skill-development training should be provided to unemployed youth and they should also be provided employment opportunity. . Cleanliness awareness programme should be organized in the villages of project periphery. People should be taught about the importance of neat and clean environment. In the school, essay writing, debate programmes, environment and cleanliness, should be conducted. . Healthcare facilities require improvement in the industrial area of Kurkunta and periphery villages. . Use of contaminated water is the major reason for health diseases. Villages of the study area require water purifiers at public places like schools, community centers, community health care centers etc. . Gender ratio (Below 6 year) of the study area is very low. Gender equality awareness programme require in the study area.

3.12.9 Action Plan

CCI Ltd. has a CSR Policy. Based on the local area of the project, CSR interventions will be finalized by CCI. During field consultation; there are various key areas for CSR identified were:

. Provision of drinking water; . Improved educational services - beyond primary school, in some of the villages; . Local transportation for school; . Separates toilets for girls in school; . Girl’s educational awareness programme; . Stationary for school.

In terms of CSR interventions key concerns for some villages are with respect to drinking water supply and education facilities at middle/secondary level and other educational services. Currently the education within the village is available only till the primary school. For further studies opportunities are available only at Sedam, which are far from the villages. While transport facilities are available

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these are not convenient for students and the costs are high for families to send their children to school.

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4.0 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND MITIGATION MEASURES

4.1 GENERAL

Opencast mining activity causes some impacts on the surrounding environment unless proper environmental management plan is adopted. Selecting suitable sites for mining and also adopting all the guidelines prescribed by the MoEF&CC and IBM can minimize the major possible impacts.

This chapter deals with following aspects: . To identify project activities that could beneficially or adversely impact the environment; . To predict and assess the environment impacts of such activities; . To examine each environmental aspect impact relationship in detail and identify its degree of significance; . To identify possible mitigation measures for these project activities and select the most appropriate mitigation measure based on the reduction insignificance achieved and practicality in implementation.

4.2 IDENTIFICATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT DUE TO THE PROPOSED PROJECT

Details of investigated environmental impacts due to project location, possible accidents, project design, project construction, regular operations and final decommissioning are discussed in this section.

The interaction matrix is presented in Table 4.1 which indicates the interaction between the project activities and various environmental components. At this stage the interactions are not quantified, but only identified for further assessment. The potential adverse impacts are represented by ‘X’ mark in the table and the beneficial impacts are represented by ‘+’ mark.

A programme to implement all mitigation measures is then prepared and presented as an Environmental Monitoring Program and Environmental Management Plan, presented in Chapter 6 & Chapter 10 respectively.

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Table 4.1: Interactions between Project Activity and Environmental Sensitivities Project Activities Excavation at site, Vehicular Environmental Removal of Movement of JCBs, movement for Plantation Stacking of Site Parameters site other machinery, transportation of mined out Selection vegetation workers/ labors mined out material Backfilling etc. material Physical Parameters Topography X Air X X X X Noise and X X X Vibration Surface Water X Ground Water X X + Biological Parameters Flora X X X Fauna X X Eco-sensitive

area Socio-Economic Parameters Landuse X X X + + Employment + Economy + Infrastructure + Occupational Health and X X X X Safety

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4.3 LAND ENVIRONMENT

Since mining is being carried out by manual opencast method, it is expected to affect the land environment essentially. Impact assessment study on land environment can be done by considering land use pattern/ land cover, Topography, Drainage pattern and geological features of the mine site as well as the study area.

4.3.1 Anticipated Impact

. The existing surface profile will be replaced by a depressed surface (pit) with benches if 6m depth. . Since it is an existing mine, there will be no need to build office and workshop which will be subjected to leveling.

Apart from the change in landuse pattern within the lease area, there will not be any adverse impact on the landuse of the surrounding area.

4.3.2 Mitigations Measures

Adopting suitable, site-specific mitigation measures can reduce the degree of impact of mining on land. Some of the land –related mitigation measures are as follows:

. Present land use pattern of the lease area is waste land and at the conceptual stage the land use pattern will remain the same, hence will not be changed. . The pits will be utilized for rain water harvesting

4.4 WATER ENVIRONMENT

Water plays a very important role in preserving life. It is also vital for the growth of flora, fauna and agriculture. Aquatic life fully depends on the quality and quantity of water. Rain cycle is an important activity of nature which fully depends on water, plantation, air, hills and other features. The mining activity in general is considered as creating negative impacts on this system. However, all mitigation measures have been envisaged to nullify these negative impacts, in this project, as detailed below:

4.4.1 Anticipated Impact Impact due to Mining

As such no effluents will be generated due to the existing mining activity. However, domestic effluent to 1.5 KLD will be generated which will be diverted into the septic tank followed by soak pit.

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Table 4.2: Waste Water Generation and Treatment/ Disposal Requirement Effluent Units Remark (KLD) (KLD) Mining Use Water sprinkling/ Dust 10.0 0 suppression The waste water generated from the Plantation 5.0 0 domestic use will be diverted into Misc. & Utilities 3.0 0 septic tank followed by soak pit. Domestic use 2.0 1.5 Total 20.0 1.5

Surface Water

. As there is no River or Nallah passing through the mine site, hence no impact is anticipated on the hydrological regime of the area due to mining activity. . No natural course of water stream is interrupted or diverted due to mining activity; hence no impact on natural drain is anticipated. . Surface run off distribution during rainy season may get affected due to excavated pits and overburden stack. . Runoff from the mining benches or from overburden during the rainy season may get contaminated.

Ground Water

. Impact on ground water is may be anticipated as mining depth may intersect groundwater. . Ground water pollution can take place only if the mining rejects contain toxic substances, which get leached by the precipitation water and percolate to the ground water table thus polluting it. Any nearby wells or other sources of water can be rendered unfit for drinking and even for industrial use. . Domestic sewage will be generated which can create contamination.

4.4.2 Mitigations Measures

. Practically there is no overburden or reject generating from the mining activity, moreover the excavated mineral itself is non-toxic and hence no effect due to water flow during rains following the contours of the area is expected. . As there is no generation of overburden or mineral reject from the mining activity; hence the excavated pit will be converted into the water

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reservoir at the end of mine life. This will help in recharging ground water table by acting as a water harvesting structure. . Overall drainage planning has been done in such a manner that the existing pre-mining drainage conditions will be maintained to the extent possible so that run off distribution is not affected. . Surface Run off management structures like construction of retaining wall & garland drain settling pond are proposed. . Garland drain will be constructed on all sides of quarry along with settling pond to remove the suspended solids from storm water. The collected water shall be used in plantation and spraying on haul roads. Settling ponds will be designed on the basis of silt loading, slope of the lease, detention time required etc. . Septic tanks and soak pits will be provided for the disposal of domestic effluent generated from mine office.

4.5 AIR ENVIRONMENT

The air quality in the mining area depends upon the nature and concentration of emissions and meteorological conditions.

4.5.1 Anticipated Impact

The major sources of air pollution in the proposed mine is dust generation due to drilling, blasting, excavation, loading and transportation of mineral & wind erosion of exposed material.

Drilling:

Drilling will be done by blast holes by 115 mm dia drill and generated muck pile, will be excavated by the shovels with bucket capacities of 6.5 m3 and 4.3 m3 shovels. Drilling operations are mainly carried out during day time.

Blasting:

Blasting will be done using ANFO mixture along with 25% booster slurry explosives. Air pollutants generated during blasting will be in the form of chemical gases and particulate matter. The gases and particulate matter generated during blasting does not significantly contribute any air pollution as it will be instantaneous and intermittent. Blasting will be carried out during daytime only and is avoided during high windy periods and during night times.

Transportation of Ore:

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The entire limestone excavated from this mine will be fed to CCI cement plant. The mine is situated at a distance of about 4.0 km of the cement plant by road. The limestone will be transported to the plant by closed belt conveyor system. Ore Loading:

The ore after crushing and sizing at in pit crushing plant is brought to stock yard which ultimately transported to the plant & the remaining material is stacked in the stock pile by a movable stacker placed in stock yard. Water sprinkling is done regularly to contain the PM in the stock yards.

Of the above sources, drilling, blasting, excavation and transportation through dumper and crushing plant are the major sources, which are of significance. Water sprinkling arrangements at the appropriate places will be provided to contain the emissions.

The proposed lime stone mining activities are likely to contribute additional Particulate Matter (PM), dust from area sources and Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) and hydrocarbons from automobile exhaust. The existing baseline concentrations of pollutants are within the limits prescribed by CPCB for industrial/mixed areas and for rural/residential areas.

Air pollution sources at the proposed mining site can be classified into three categories, viz., area sources, line sources and instantaneous point sources. Extraction of lime stone by various activities in mining area is considered as an area source. Transportation of ore from mining area to the crusher is considered as line source. Blasting is usually done by deep holes. Blasting in the proposed mining will be conducted through deep blast holes and blasting will be carried out during day time. The sources of pollutants are given in Table 4.3.

Table 4.3: Sources of Pollutants S. No. Source Type of Pollutant 1 Mining activity, (drilling, blasting, loading & PM, NOx crushing) 2 Transport of Over Burden (OB) waste for PM dumping/ backfill and ore to sorting/sizing 3 Dumping of waste PM 4 Sorting of ore and loading PM 5 Transportation of sorted ore PM, NOx

AERMOD Air Quality Modeling:

In this present study, United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA–42 series) approved mathematical equations have been used to predict

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concentrations for different operations in mining including the mineral transportation.

In order to predict the particulate emissions, Aermod Cloud an interface based on ISCST3 – FDM model was used to predict changes in air quality i.e., maximum ground level concentration (GLC’s) of PM10 due to the proposed mining activity. The inputs required for the model is:

. Hourly meteorological data . Source data . Receptor data . Programme control parameters

Emission Factors Considered in Model:

The modeling has been carried to predict the impacts of the mining operations with a total production capacity of 1 million tonnes per annum (MTPA) on the existing environment, using emission factors arrived for the worst case i.e. without control measures. The emission factor has been estimated for 9 no. of sources for various mining operations and is given in Table 4.4. The graphical representation of ground level concentration (GLCs) is shown in Fig-4.1, 4.2 & 4.3 and an output result of the modeling is given in Table 4.5, 4.6 & 4.7.

Table 4.4: Emission Factors for Mining Operations used for Modeling S. No. Activities / Operations Units Emission Factors 1. Top soil removal by ripper gm/m 0.623 2. Drilling gm/sec 0.720 3. Blasting gm/sec 2.190 4. Loading to tippers excavator gm/sec 0.005 5. Dumper/ tipper unloading OB gm/sec 0.005 6. Bulldozing of OB gm/sec 0.025 7. Loading ore to dumper/ tipper gm/sec 0.012 8. Dumper / tipper unloading ore gm/sec 0.018 9. Wheel generated dust on haul road gm/m 0.560 Source: SP Benerjee, Minetech, Volume-27

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Fig 4.1: Isopleths of PM10 Concentration in 10 km Radius from the Mine Site

Table 4.5: Result Summary of PM10 Concentration (µg/m2)

Maximum 24-Hr Average PM10 Concentration, µg/m2 Locations Observed Incremental Predicted Near Cement 0.5 79.04 78.54 Plant Sedam 63.82 0.1 63.92 Within Lease Area 72.95 8.0 80.95 Kotlapur 69.89 0.1 69.99 Mailwar Azimpet 76.59 0.1 76.69 Madkal 69.61 0.5 70.11 Imadapur 68.17 0.1 68.27 Chitkanpalli 62.15 0.0 62.15

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Fig 4.2: Isopleths of PM2.5 Concentration in 10 km Radius from the Mine Site

Table 4.6: Result Summary of PM2.5 Concentration (µg/m2)

Maximum 24-Hr Average PM2.5 Concentration, µg/m2 Locations Observed Incremental Predicted Near Cement 0.2 46.22 46.02 Plant Sedam 49.00 0.046 49.046 Within Lease Area 35.76 2.0 37.76 Kotlapur 33.80 0.0 33.8 Mailwar Azimpet 36.93 0.0 36.93 Madkal 39.00 0.5 39.5 Imadapur 36.83 0.06 36.89 Chitkanpalli 29.60 0.0 29.6

Fig 4.3: Isopleths of NOx Concentration in 10 km Radius from the Mine Site

Table 4.7: Result Summary of NOx Concentration (µg/m2)

Maximum 24-Hr Average NOx Concentration, µg/m2 Locations Observed Incremental Predicted Near Cement 0.3 17.14 16.84 Plant Sedam 13.87 0.2 14.07 Within Lease Area 16.84 8.0 24.84 Kotlapur 17.82 0.2 18.02 Mailwar Azimpet 19.86 0.2 20.06 Madkal 16.11 0.5 16.61

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Imadapur 16.84 0.2 17.04 Chitkanpalli 14.81 0.0 14.81

It is seen that the GLC’s obtained at various locations for the study area well within the CPCB standards (dated 18th November, 2009).

4.5.2 Mitigation Measures

Drilling: To control fugitive dust at source, wet drilling will be provided. Where there is a scarcity of water, suitably designed dust extractor will be provided for dry drilling along with dust hood at the mouth of the drill-hole collar.

Blasting: Establish time of blasting to suit the local conditions. Avoid blasting i.e., when temperature inversion is likely to occur and strong wind blows towards residential areas.

Haul Road: The long life WBM (Water Bound Macadam) haul roads will be constructed and maintained for traffic movement.

Transport: The speed of dumpers/ trucks on haul road will be controlled as increased speed increases dust emissions. Overloading of transport vehicles will be avoided. The trucks/ tippers will have sufficient free board. Spillage of ore on public roads will be cleared immediately and vehicles will play in safe speed.

Green Belt: Planting of trees all along main mine haul road and regular grading of haul roads will be practiced to prevent the generation of dust due to movement of dumpers/trucks. Green belt of adequate width will be developed around the lease area. Plantation will also be done in dumping area, mineral stockyard.

4.6 NOISE ENVIRONMENT

4.6.1 Anticipated Impact

. The source of Noise pollution will be the vehicular movements. . Noise will be generated by the digging of mine area using shovels, crowbars etc. . Momentary noise will be generated by drilling and blasting.

4.6.2 Mitigation Measures

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Maintenance of Machinery: Good and regular maintenance of machinery will be ensured to keep the noise generated at minimum. The vehicles operating will be maintained and provided with good silencers. All machines will be used at optimum capacity.

Blasting: Blasting will be avoided in the morning and evening hours, on foggy days, at night time and at times of high wind velocity and low cloud cover.

Drilling: Drilling will be carried out with the help of sharp drill bits.

Vegetation: Plantation of trees around haul roads will be done to reduce the noise.

Trained Operators: Only trained operators will be allowed to operate machines.

Hearing Protection: Equipment like ear-muffs, ear-plugs, etc. are commonly used device for hearing protection. Workers and operators working at drilling sites will be provided with ear muffs.

4.7 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT

The baseline flora and fauna has been depicted in Section-3.11 of Chapter-3. The biological study of the area has been conducted in order to understand the ecological status of the existing flora and fauna to generate baseline information and evaluate the probable impacts on the biological environment.

4.7.1 Anticipated Impact

The mine lease area is waste land with no vegetation. Thus there shall not be any adverse impact on biological environment due to the mining.

The mine area after reclamation will be planted resulting in an improvement in surrounding environment.

4.7.2 Mitigation Measures

To reduce the adverse effects on flora/fauna status of the area due to deposition of dust generated from mining operations, water sprinkling and water spraying systems will be ensured in all dust prone areas to arrest dust generation.

Methodical and well-planned plantation scheme is being carried out depending upon the immediate need, priority and availability of land which will be continued in future also. The plantation is being done in multiple rows in available places in a staggered way to cover the area to give the desired stratified appearance of multi-tiers.

The objectives of green belt cover will cover the following:

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. Noise abatement . Reuse of waste water to the extent possible . Prevention of soil erosion . Ecological restoration . Aesthetic, biological and visual improvement of area due to improved vegetative and plantations cover.

4.8 SOCIO- ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT

This section of the chapter deals with the demographic, social and economic impact of the proposed project and more importantly on the villages of project periphery. An attempt has been made to assess the impact of the proposed Limestone mining project at village Injepalli on Socio-economic aspect of the study area. The various attributes that have been taken into account are population composition, employment generation, occupational shift, household income, consumption pattern, ethnic issue and law & order problem.

4.8.1 Positive Impact

With adequate steps proposed for environmental protection no significant pollution will be there.

. Employment . Improved standard of living . Community skills development . Economic exposure and development

4.8.2 Adverse Social Impact

. The project may trigger negative health impacts through increased dust, creation of breeding grounds for disease vectors, population influx which might introduce new diseases in the area and pressure on sanitation facilities. . The process of mining entails drilling, blasting, excavation and transportation. These activities generate noise and vibration. The impact of noise and vibration from the epicenter of these activities could have effects on the population living around these areas. The excessive vibration could lead to collapse of the structures. . There is no habitation in the mining lease area. Therefore, neither villages nor any part of villages will be disturbed during the entire life of the mine.

4.8.3 Mitigation Measures

. Mining in this lease will give 20 job opportunities to the local people. Thus, limestone mining will create beneficial effect on local people.

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. With the operation of mining lease, various indirect employment opportunities will also be generated. Several persons of the neighboring villages have been benefited with contract works, employment through contractors, running jeeps, trucks and tractors on hire, running canteens, different kinds of shops and transport related business avenues. . Villagers have been provided with either direct employment or indirect employment such as business, contract works and development work like roads etc. . Villagers also get access to the other welfare amenities such as drinking water, foods and provisions, shed etc. . The roads connecting to the villages will be repaired at regular interval by the propjet proponent.

4.9 IMPACT ON PLACES OF TOURIST/ RELIGIOUS/ HISTORICAL IMPORTANCE

There are no places of historical importance in the near vicinity. Hence, no impact is anticipated on any place of historical importance due to mining operations.

4.10 LOGISTICS SYSTEM OF THE AREA DUE TO THE PROJECT

This being a working mine for many years, Limestone output from this mine and adjoining leases are transported through private road of CCI to Kurkunta cement plant, about 5.0 Km away. The mode of transport is through 25T / 30 Tonne Tippers/dumpers. As the materials from all the leases are transported in dedicated road, there will not be any appreciable impact of the project on the local logistical scenario.

However, the following mitigation measures are and will be followed:

. Proper maintenance of transport vehicles. . Avoiding overloading of material . Covering of loaded vehicles with tarpaulins sheet if warranted. . Keeping traffic regulators at vulnerable locations. . Plantation on either side of the transport road.

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. Fixed water sprinkler system for dust suppression in loaded vehicle is proposed for effective control of fugitive emissions as given in Fig No. 4.4.

Fig No. 4.4: Transportation Route from Mines to CCI Factory through CCI’S Own Road

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5.0 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES

5.1 ALTERNATE TECHNOLOGY

This is an ongoing mining project for past many years in which Open Cast mining technology of shovel-Dumper and Tipper combination has already been selected after a thorough examination of various techno-economic factors. As the Open Cast mining operations are going on smoothly and efficiently, consideration of an alternate technology is not warranted.

5.2 FACTORS BEHIND THE SELECTION OF PROJECT SITE

Limestone Mine at Injepalli & Sedam villages is a mining project for excavation of Limestone deposit, which is mineral specific.

The proposed mining lease area has following advantages:

. The mineral deposit occurs in a non-forest area. . There is no habitation within the lease area; hence no R & R issues exist. . There are no river, stream, Nallah and water bodies in the mine lease area. . Availability of skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled workers in this region. . The mine is surrounded by existing mine of company hence, all the basic amenities such as rest shelters, medical, firefighting, education, transportation, communication and infrastructural facilities are available. . Mine connectivity through road and rail is good. . Study area falls in seismic zone – II, however there is no major history of landslides, earthquake, subsidence etc.

5.3 ALTERNATE SITE

The mineral deposits are site specific in nature; hence question of seeking alternate site does not arise.

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6.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME

6.1 GENERAL

The management is committed for sustainable development and eco-friendly mining operations. The environment management plan is detailed on the basis of impact assessment. Control and mitigation measures for the adverse impacts have been proposed. As the major environmental attributes have been confined to the project area alone, implementations of the proposed control measures and monitoring thereof will be undertaken on the regional basis.

CCI Ltd. will ensure the implementation of the EMP measures within the mine area and carryout efficient monitoring.

6.2 METHODOLOGY OF MONITORING MECHANISM

Environmental monitoring at various locations, within the ML area and in the study area of 10 km radius will be carried out on periodic basis. A comprehensive network for monitoring has been prepared. Sampling locations have been identified by considering the source of pollution due to mining operations, drainage pattern and topography of the area.

6.3 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING CELL

A centralized environmental monitoring cell will be established for monitoring of important and crucial environmental parameters which are of immense importance to assess the status of environment during mine operation. With the knowledge of initial parameters, deviations in environmental conditions due to operation of the mine can be assessed and suitable mitigation steps will be taken in time to safeguard the environment. The following routine monitoring program will be implemented under the post – project monitoring as per CPCB guidelines.

Environmental monitoring schedules are prepared covering various phases of project advancement, such as constructional and regular operational phase.

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CELL

Air, Noise, Water Land Environment and Energy use Monitoring

Selection of Parameters

Selection of Monitoring System

Equipment Specifications

Frequency Analytical Quality Control Sampling

Analysis Methodology

Statistical Analysis of Results

Comparison with Standards

Adoption of Additional Mitigation Measures, if necessary

Fig 6.1: Environmental Monitoring Plan

6.4 ENVIRONMENTAL SCHEDULEecessary AND PARAMETERS

To evaluate the effectiveness of environmental management programme, regular monitoring of the important environmental parameters will be taken up. The schedule, duration and parameters to be monitored are shown in below Table 6.1

Table 6.1: Monitoring Schedule and Parameters

S. Particulars Parameters for Duration Monitoring Location

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No. Monitoring of Station Frequencies PM10, PM2.5, One location Twice in a 1. Air Emission SO2, NOX and 24 hr inside and year CO four outside Spot Noise level recording One location Twice in a 2. Noise Leq (day), Leq 8 hr inside and year (night), Leq four outside (dn) Surface & One location Physical, Twice in a 3. Ground Grab inside and Chemical year Water four outside Physico- chemical Twice in a Plantation 4. Soil Sampling Grab parameters year areas and metals Handling and Waste disposal as per Mine lease 5. -- Regular Management approved area Mining Plan Initial Medical Examination (IME) and Total health All 6. Health -- Periodic parameters employees Medical Examination – Once in a five year

6.5 REPORTING SCHEDULE

The post project monitoring will be carried out as per schedule and analysis reports will be sent to MoEF&CC for every six months.

6.6 ENVIRONMENTAL LABORATORY

Presently monitoring is carried out through external agencies. The same can be continued in future also.

6.7 BUDGETARY PROVISION FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING

Sufficient fund allocation will be made towards environmental management and monitoring program. In order to implement the environmental monitoring, timely funds will be released as per requirement. The same is detailed in Table- 6.2.

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Table 6.2: Budget for Environmental Monitoring Cost

Schedule & Approx. S. Implementing Total Cost Components Duration of Unit Cost/ No. Agency (Per Year) Monitoring Location Once in every season expect 1. Air CCI Ltd. Rs. 5000/- 75,000/- monsoon (at 5 locations) Once in every 2. Water season (at 5 CCI Ltd. Rs. 5000/- 75,000/- locations) Once in every 3. Noise season (at 5 CCI Ltd. Rs. 3000/- 60,000/- locations) Twice in a year 4. Soil CCI Ltd. Rs. 3000/- 30,000/- (at 5 locations) Total 2,40,000/-

6.8 ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY OF THE COMPANY

The company has formulated as well-planned and integrated environmental policy. The salient features of this policy are show below.

. Compliance to Legal and other requirements, relevant to environmental and Occupational Health & Safety. . Work with all employees to eliminate unsafe conditions & unsafe acts and to control pollution from the work place. . Continual improvement of environmental performance through Conservation of Energy & Natural resources and Waste minimization & possible utilization. . Communication of Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety policy to all personnel, working for or on behalf of the organization . To detect departures or violations of environmental standards and to take immediate corrective actions to set right the environmental status within statutory standards. . Sustained maintenance of the set standards and periodic reviewing of environmental and Occupational Health & Safety Objectives and Targets.

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7.0 ADDITIONAL STUDIES

7.1 GENERAL

As per EIA Notification dated 14th September, 2006, as amended on time to time, Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change (MoEF&CC), New Delhi has suggested Terms of Reference (ToRs) for the preparation of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Report and Environmental Management Plan (EMP) Vide letter no. J-11015/112/2018-IA.II (M) dated 30th August, 2019.

The additional studies covered for this EIA/EMP report are:

. Public consultation of the project as per MoEF mandates. . Risk Assessment and Disaster Management Plan in connection with mining and allied operations of the project will be spelt out in detail to cover possible dangers / risks / explosions / accidents, etc. likely to arise from the project operations, including onsite and off-site emergency plans to meet the disastrous situations if any. . Mine closure planning and various advance actions and finalization of plan to effect closure/abandonment of the mine at the end of mine life.

7.2 PUBLIC CONSULTATION

Public Hearing for proposed project of Karigatta Limestone Mine area of 119.64 Hectares with production capacity of 1.0 MTPA in near village Injepalli & Sedam, Taluka Sedam, District Kalaburgi (Karnataka) was held on 11/09/2020 at 11:00 AM at CCI Colony, Near Temple, Kurkunta Village, Tehsil Sedam, and District Kalaburgi.

Details of the Public Hearing Proceedings are appended herewith the Final EIA/EMP Report:

Particular Description Advertisement for Public Hearing 10th August, 2020 . Date of Advertisement in Newspapers (In Deccan Herald & Udayavani, Kalaburgi) . Name of Newspapers Date/Time of Public Hearing 11/09/2020 at 11.00 AM Venue CCI Colony, Near Temple, Kurkunta, Sedam, Kalaburgi (Karnataka) Members 1. Smt. V.V. Jyothsna, I.A.S (Deputy Commissioner, Kalaburgi) 2. Sri Ramesh Kolar (Assistant Commissioner, Sedam) 3. Sri. C.N. Manjappa (Environmental Officer, RO, KSPCB, Kalaburgi)

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Public Hearing Notice published in Newspapers “Deccan Herald & Udayavani” Kalaburgi, dated 10/08/2020:

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Photographs of Public Hearing:

Public Hearing English Translation with Action Plan

As per the Notification issued by the Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India, on 14-09-2006, it is a prerequisite to get the Environmental Clearance from the Ministry of Environment and Forests and it is mandatory that an Environmental Public Hearing at the Project Site is held under the chairmanship of Deputy Commissioner or his/her representative not below the Rank of Additional Deputy Commissioner.

As per the Ministry of Environment and Forests & Climate Change (I.A. Division), Government of India, Terms of Reference (TOR) letter no. J-11015/114/2018-IA.II (M) New Delhi dated 29.08.2019 for production of limestone mine with capacity of 1.0 MTPA in the mine lease area of 119.64 Ha and as per the request of project proponent for conducting Environmental Public Hearing vide letter 16.10.2019, the Public Hearing was organized by the Karnataka State Pollution Control Board on 11.09.2020 at project site.

As per the EIA Notification, the Karnataka State Pollution Control Board gave the Notification regarding public hearing, 30 days in advance. The advertisement to this effect was published in the Kannada daily news paper “Udayavani” and

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English daily news paper “Deccan Herald” on 10th August, 2020. The public hearing notification was also issued in the local Kannada daily news paper “Sanjevani” on 13/08/2020. The Suggestions/views/comments and objections of the interested bonafide residents, Environmental Groups and others located at the Project site likely to be affected by the proposed project were invited. Affected people could send their suggestions, objections, grievances, etc., ether orally or written or through e-mail to the Karnataka State Pollution Control Board / Chairman, Environment Public Hearing Committee, within 30 days from the date of publication of the Notification/at the time of public hearing.

The Environmental Officer, Karnataka State Pollution Control Board, Kalaburagi, Sri C.N. Manjappa, has welcomed the Deputy Commissioner, Kalaburagi, all the public, the officials of all departments and others who were present on the occasion. He has briefed the need for Environmental Clearance from the Ministry of Environment and Forest, Government of India and the Environmental Public Hearing as per the EIA Notification. He informed that accordingly publicity was given in the newspapers 30 days in advance and explained the procedure of the Public Hearing and the documents kept for the Public Hearing at different places. He has requested the Deputy Commissioner, to preside over the public Hearing. He has informed the public to present all their submissions either in written or orally, which would be a part of this hearing. Entire proceedings were videographed and audio. Environmental Officer informed the project proponent to make presentation of their project proposal to the Public.

After the technical presentation by the Consultant, District Environmental Officer, KSPCB, has opened the forum to the Public to register their views and opinion about the projects.

Totally around 80 people were present for public hearing, of which about 15 persons expressed their views on behalf of various villages. The public opinion was well heard and recorded as minutes of the public hearing.

The locals expressed their views, concerns and worries about the project. Their views were all well heard and recorded as minutes of the public hearing. (Details are given in Annexure – 11) They expect proper implementation of the environmental management measures during mining operations to obviate any negative impact on the environment, provision of more employment for the locals, more CSR initiatives by the company and adequate positive socio economic impact from this project.

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Public Hearing Action Plan with Budgetary Allocation:

S. Name of the Budgetary Points raised in PH Reply of Project Proponent No. Person & Address Allocation 1 Sri Kashinath, I am requesting to start of CCI Factory In this regards the CCIL officer Kurkunta Village apprised and gives special thanks to Mr. Kashi Nath for supporting to re-establish Factory as soon as & appreciating his concern. 2 Sri Ambu Nayak, Sy. No. 65, 66 have been acquired by the CCIL officer informed If required, Betagera Gate, Government. Compensation not given by Land will be acquired with mutual Kurkunta Village the company. consent as per Rule. 3 Sri Ramayya We already told in previous meetings to In this regards the CCIL officer Puiari, Member' restart of the mining and industry. If this is gives thanks to Mr. Ramayya APMC' Sedam started then only this area development Puiari for supporting CCI to will take place: we have 1oo% hope that establish / re-opening of the industry will restart its operation. Since, cement Factory. 3 days this meetings are going on & | The employment will be given to have hope of restart of the plant. Our Sri the local people. The manpower Sharanappa & others have submitted will be deployed based on the representation CCI has to respond to it. Sri statutory norms. Maximum efforts Desai and Sri Narayan Rao have fighting will be made to engage more for it. Now BJP government has come and local manpower based on the factory has to be started so that poor Govt. Guideline/directives. people will survive. People have lost hope and once again. I am requesting to restart

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of the plant, I can say that this mine lime stone is like gold and it is available at ground level plenty of lime stone is available in the mines' All Kurkunta farmers have given their lands for this mining. Hence, village people are facing lot of difficulties. If both factory and mining is carried out, the local people will be benefited' I am concluding my speech. 4 Sri Ravi S, General I am JDS party general secretary, Sedam. CCIL officer informed that Secretary, JDS As a representative of JDS party, I am Party, Sedam attending 2nd'time for this meeting. This is All the three Mines will re-open being a part of the CCI cement last day, 2 days meeting already over. My plant at Kurkunta (being captive question and also by all the public Mines). question is whether this company will be restarted or it is privatized. This question The further decision for was also raised in the news media. This has privatization or on lease basis to be answered by the concerned officers. will be taken in accordance I do not understand whether this factory with the revival will be restarted or it is given on lease basis. package/decision finally This 3'd day meeting is crucial and CCI approved by Hon’ble BIFR factory manager has to clarify this issue to /cabinet approval. the public. lf you have plan only for mining, this will not be allowed by the public. Factory has to be started at any cost. Due to Covid-19 pandemic, about 70 lakhs people became jobless and labors are

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also not getting works for their livelihood. I am submitting memorandum from the party side and I am repeatedly warning we are not allowing privatization of this factory. CCI management has to give clarification in this issue. My father has taken only Rs.70, 000/- while he was retiring from this company. This amount is not sufficient for livelihood of our family. We have hope for good future of our children due to restart of this factory. I am concluding my speech. 5 Sri Hade We have concluded 3 day meeting and Reply of the same is given in the Nadapalli, we are getting only public opinion on this reply of Point no. 4 Sedam project. Now, officers have to disclose the opinion of the Government on reopen of this factory. It has to be clarified whether this company will be restarted or privatization of the plant and leasing out of mines for private company. We are requesting both DC madam and CCI manager to clarify this issue. Our CCI Kurkunta cement is very good quality cement and hence this plant has to be started and mining shall be started. 6 Sri S. Venkatesh, I wanted to speak about history of this Reply of the same is given in the Ex-Employee, CCI plant and mines. Madkal and Injepalli reply of Point no. 4

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people have told they have no objection for this project. Based on report of Geological survey of India, this limestone deposit was identified in this backward area and hence proposed cement plant and mining in this area. There is plenty of limestone deposit available in these mines. Then the factory was started. Based on the submission of reports to the Government, the land was acquired and limestone deposit was available for next 200 years. This plant has been run with this lime stone for 15-20 years and supplied cement to military projects also. This company has got National awards. Afterwards the Government has declared this unit as loss making unit. This is old factory having about 600 Ton capacity cement production. The requirement of raw materials, electricity, transportation, the cost of production has increased to about Rs.110/- to Rs.120/- per bag whereas in new technology system, the cost of production by Vasavadatta or by Tandur plant is only Rs. 60/- per bag. By this reason, the government has declared this unit as loss making unit. In India CCI has 10

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factories, one in Kurkunta, 3 in Madhya Pradesh, 3 plants in Andhra Pradesh, one in Assam, one in Himachal Pradesh and another one ih Haryana State. 7 units have been declared as toss making units. This loss making was mainly due to increase of cost of production. We have met ministers and in 1995 along with Sri Basavaraj Patil we met minister and the matter was referred to BIFR. BIFR is the tribunal. After declaring loss making unit, the next process is tender for privatization. Liabilities of the plant shall be recovered by way of privatization. From BJP party, Sri Jadhav sir is trying to solve this issue. I am requesting officers for further process of this matter. I am concluding my speech. 7 Sri Mallikariun, We have given our lands to this company In this regards the CCIL officer Kurkunta Village and hence we got jobs in 1973. I have apprised to Local villagers for worked in this factory. Today issue is showing immense support to renewal of mines lease; this has to be the CCIL & assured villagers, cleared at the earliest. I am submitting CCIL will try level best so that it representation in this matter and he read will helps to enhance the out the contents of the memorandum. The livelihood of the surroundings. expert agency has prepared the report for CCI and the report will be submitted to the government. I am requesting all to support

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this and we are supporting this project. I am concluding my speech. 8 Sri. Narayan Rao, Many people have tried to restart of this Reply of the same is given in the Kurkunta Village plant. All are expecting restart of this plant. reply of Point no. 4 Today several crores worth property has been damaged, who is responsible for this property loss; why this plant was closed. Nobody has raised objection for damage of environment due to this plant. The plant was already operated earlier. All we expected that this meeting has been conducted to process for restart of the industry. Today topic is relating to environment, new technology has come and many plants are running with new modern technology. The RTPS plant running with 8 units has been issued with notice for non installation of FGD control equipment and now they are spending Rs.800 Crores for installation of FGD to protect the environment. Today everybody has to take action for protection of environment and public health is very important for leading better life. CCI should run this industry, for this we will support. We are ready to extend our full support to CCl. The industry was closed in

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crucial time; Many families faced difficulties due to closure of this industry. There is no objection from the surrounding villages for restart of industry and for mining. l am requesting to forward positive report to the Government to facilitate restart of industry & mines. I am concluding my speech. 9 Sri Sharanappa We have already given memorandum in Reply of the same is given in the Kolli, Kurkunta this regard. Hyderabad Karnataka reply of Point no. 4 Village Adhyayana Sub Committee Chairman Sri H.K. Patil Sir has conducted one meeting in Kalaburagi and meeting was called to discuss issues of Hyderabad Karnataka region. In this meeting l raised, the issue of closed CCI factory and I requested to release 50% of grant every year for restart of this plant"* Releasing this grant for, operation of the plant will not only help development of Kurkunta, but also helps overall development of entire Gulbarga District. There are 6 ministers, 3 MLA's and DC was also present in the Sub Committee meeting. This Hyderabad Karnataka Region has 7 districts, about Rs.1200 Crores grant will come each year and I, requested to reserve 50 % for this CCI

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plant. If this step was taken at that time; our CCI plant may continued its operation. Now, Government has to take steps for restart of the plant. The existing plant can be operated at any time as there is already created infrastructure is available like water supply, no land acquisition problem, no electricity problem, railway track available front quarry to plant & road facility is available. Everybody has to try for restart of this industry. All political parties like Congress, JDS and BJP have fighted for opening of this factory. Our single line resolution is to start the factory. No need of further meetings. But one condition that the mined stone shall be grinded in this factory only for production of cement. This is an opinion of all the public and political party leaders of this entire sedam region. I am concluding my speech. 10 Sri Shivayya In 1965-66, the land was purchased for this Reply of the same is given in the Guttedar, factory. The rate of land at that time was reply of Point no. 4 Kurkunta Village only Rs.900/- per acre. However, the actual government land rate was only Rs.400/- to Rs.500/-. As CCI has given Rs.900/- we all become happy. However, the factory was closed within 24 years time. The factory

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was closed due to negligence of management. Karigatta has history and having rich lime stone mine. Finally I am requesting to restart of the factory and to give employment to local people. I am concluding my speech. 11 Sri Akram Pasha, The CCI has presented all aspects of its Reply of the same is given in the Kurkunta Village project in the presentation relating to reply of Point no. 4 & 10 environment, green belt development. etc., As new technology has came, there is. No damage to the environment. As I already told, many daily wage workers have come to the streets due to closure of this factory and no benefits given by the company to these workers. Even for permanent employees also VRS was given to remove them from the company. I am congratulating all the leaders for joining hands for supporting us for restart of this factory. We are urging to restart of the factory at the earliest. I am concluding my speech. 12 Sri Lingaraia CCI Factory has closed. Now they have Reply of the same is given in the Kapanur, proposed renewal of mines only. But my reply of Point no. 4 Kurkunta villag opinion is to start the factory and mines. There is more responsibility on our district MP Sir Sri Umesh Jadhav and our Deputy

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Commissioner and I am requesting them to process further for start of plant and mines. I am concluding my speech 13 Sri Shivaputrappa "Local many youths completed higher Reply of the same is given in the Sharanappa, education like lTl, Diploma & Engineering. reply of Point no. 10 Secretary The plant management should give job Gen6rat, JDS preference to local educated youths. party, Sedam There are many plants in Sedam Taluk and Taluk these plants are not giving employment to local Sedam Taluk people. These plants are employing people from outside states. Minimum 50% jobs should be reserved for Sedam Taluk people depending on their qualification. Another 25% jobs shall be reserved for Gulbarga District people and remaining 25% jobs can be given outside people. They are utilizing all our local resources and hence they have to give employment to local people. Once again I am requesting to give employment to local people. I am concluding my speech. 14 Sri Shivaram The company has given job to us only on Rathod, Betagera paper. Actually they have not given job. I Gate, Kurkunta have crossed 40 years, we are thrown on village streets. We have 10 acres land adjacent to mining quarry. Supreme court has given judgment in 2005, but they have given

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compensation in 2012. They have given job to another person in my name, but for me they have given job only on paper. They have acquired 40 acres of our land and injustice has been made to our family. We are living by doing labour works. I am requesting to solve this problem. The company has taken lands and uneducated people have been thrown to the streets and not given employment. All genial managers of the company said they have no money to run the plant. Because of failure of the management, the factory was closed. We have requested Sri R.S. Patil Sir to resolve this issue, and till date it was not solved. Till date they have not given job to us. I am requesting to give justice for me. 15 Sri Vishwanath The public have spoken on this project and Environment Budget for Reddy patil, many have submitted memorandums. Environmental Sedam Since 3 days, the mining projects in Proper Protection measures such Management Plan: as use of Wet drilling, use of Rock Capital Cos t: 14.4 Karigatta have been heard and submitting Breaker, regular water spraying, Lakhs memorandum and requesting to give suitable plantation on waste approval with conditions. He read out the dumping sites, proper memorandum contents as follows; maintenance of all machineries, Periodic air & Noise Quality 1. Clean air, clean water and clean survey, Green Belt development

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environment is our right. and plantation, Construction of 2. The CCI 'presented environment garland drains, use of waste water management plant shall be implemented etc. are being/will be taken to protect the environment and to completely and with condition the reduce the impact of mining. approval can be given. 3. Project proponent has proposed to Compensation acquire some private lands and hence, the mining shall be carried out only after Land has been already giving compensation to these lands. purchased / leased from land 4. Soon after obtaining Environment owners with mutual agreement/consent with proper Pollution Control Certificate, the mining compensation since long back. shall be started in Karigatta mines and by this plant can also be started. For start of If any, additional land required mining, time limit shall be fixed to the compensation will be paid as per company Govt. rule to the land losers. 5. The mined lime stone at Karigatta mines shall be utilized in Kurkunta Cement plant only. We are not permitting for transport of limestone to other places like Tandur other than utilization in Kurkunta factory.

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7.3 RISK ASSESSMENT 7.3.1 Risk Analysis and Control Measures

Risk assessment is a process whereby risks are analyzed, assessed and risk management priorities are evaluated. It is defined as the characterization of the potential adverse effect to human health & environment due to environmental hazards.

Objectives of Risk Assessment:

. Identifying hazardous activities . Assessment of risk level and severity in different operations . Identification of control measures . Setting monitoring process . Reduce the impact of mishaps of all kinds . Reduce the inherent potential for major accidents

Methodology of Risk Assessment:

. Collection of information & identification of hazard . Classify their severity and probability of occurrence . Identification of exposed risks . Assess the risk and risk rating based on . Probability . Exposure . Consequence . Prioritization of the risks . Implementation of control measures . Monitoring risk assessment . Evaluation and correction

There are various factors, which can cause disaster in the mines. The mining activity has several disaster prone areas. The identification of various hazards is shown in Fig -7.1 and the hazards are discussed below:

Factors of risks involved due to human induced activities in connection with mining operations are 1) removal of O.B and side burden 2) drilling 3) blasting 4) excavation of ore and 5) transportation of ore.

Other risk factors due to natural activities are 1) fire 2) water inundation 3) electricity and 4) natural calamities.

For the various risks, likely to arise, as above, detailed analysis of causes and control measures is given in below Table 7.1

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Table 7.1: Factors, Detailed Analysis of Causes and Control Measures

S. No. Factors Cause of Risks Control Measures 1. Slope stability of a) Sliding of mine / dump By maintaining proper bench slopes for mine face and Benches due to its both the mine benches and the dump dumping benches unconsolidated nature. slope this risk can be tackled. b) Vibration due to - Mine Bench height – 6m movement of vehicles in - Mine Bench width – 17m the benches. - Over all mine bench slope angle will be maintained not more than 45° - The inactive external dump slopes are and will be terraced and proper vegetation laid which will cause binding of the soil preventing any slope failure. Retaining walls built all around the external dumps which will have weep holes for passage of storm water to join garland drains around the periphery at the toe of the dump. - Since the limestone deposit of this area is in the form of metamorphosed hard crystalline limestone and the footwall and hanging wall are hard calc-gneiss rocks, no incidence of slope failure in the benches so far. 2. Drilling a)Due to high pressure of - Periodical preventive maintenance compressed air hoses may and replacement of worn out burst accessories in the compressor and drill b) Drill rod may break due equipment to - As per manufacturers improper maintenance of recommendation rod replaced and the bits changed rod 3. Blasting a) Fly rock, ground - Burden and spacing is being kept vibration and noise etc., optimum and blasting is being done as b) Improper charging of per their recommendations. Nonel explosives detonators are being used for controlling ground vibration and fly rocks. - Experienced and competent persons are engaged for charging of explosives and blasting. All safety measures as per Director of Mine Safety norms are being strictly complied in handling and charging of explosives. 4. Excavation of Ore a)Hauling and loading - Operator shall not operate the

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equipment are in such machine when person & vehicles are proximity while excavation in such proximity b)Swinging of bucket over - Shall not swing the bucket over the the cab and operator leaves the body of tipper machine after ensuring the bucket is c) Driving of unauthorized on ground person - Shall not allow any unauthorized person to operate the machine by effective supervision 5. Transportation of a)Operating the vehicle “ - It will be ensured that all these causes Ore nose to tail” will be nullified by giving training to the b) Overloading of material operators c) While reversal & - No over loading overtaking of vehicle - Audio visual reverse horn will be d) Operator of truck provided leaving his cabin when it is - Proper training will be given loaded. 6. Fire due to a)Due to the short circuit - Commutator & electrical parts shall be electricity and oil of cables & other cleaned frequently with the help of dry electrical parts air blower b) Due to the leakage of - All fastening parts and places will be inflammable liquid like tightened. diesel, oil etc, 7. Water inundation a)Inrush of storm water - Proper drainage arrangements made due to heavy rain to divert water from entering into the b) Unusual seepage of mine pit. The rain water stored in the water mine sump through defined drainage c)Sudden collapse of channels. peripheral bund due to - Guard will keep a continuous watch on torrential pour water level in the mine pit during monsoon and when touches danger mark immediately inform to the mine official. - Work shall not be resumed except with the prior permission of the Manager unless all the working places thoroughly examined by a competent person. 8. Natural calamities Unexpected happenings - The mine management is capable to deal with the situation

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Open Cast Mine

Drilling Exploitation Transportation Ore Loading And of of Ore to Crushing Plant Blasting Ore Crushing Plant Plant

Ecological Risk Dust Noise (Land, Air, Water)

Fig 7.1: Identification of Hazards in Open Cast Mine

7.4 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

The Disaster Management Plan is aimed to ensure safety of life, protection of environment, protection of installation, restoration of production and salvage operations in this same order of priorities. For effective implementation of the Disaster Management Plan, it should be widely circulated and personnel training through rehearsals/mock drills.

The objective of the Disaster Management Plan is to make use of the combined resources of the mine and the outside services to achieve the following:

 The objective of onsite disaster management plan for the captive mine is to be a state of perceptual readiness through training, development to immediately control and arrest any emergency situations, so as to avert a fully fledged disaster and the consequence of human and property damage. In the event of a disaster still occurring & to manage the same so that the risk of the damage to life and property is minimized.

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 CCI have a demented procedure for Emergency preparedness & responses. The emergency situations arising out of the situations as defined in the clause shall be addressed in the document.

The salient features are elaborated as below:

. Effect the rescue and medical treatment of casualties; . Safeguard other people; . Minimize damage to property and the environment; . Initially contain and ultimately bring the incident under control; . Identify any dead; . Provide for the needs of relatives; . Provide authoritative information to the news media; . Secure the safe rehabilitation of affected area; and . Preserve relevant records and equipment for the subsequent inquiry into the cause and circumstances of the emergency.

In effect, it is to optimize operational efficiency to rescue rehabilitation and render medical help and to restore normalcy.

Emergency Organization:

It is recommended to setup an Emergency Organization. A senior executive (Mine Manager) who has control over the affairs of the mine would be heading the emergency organization. He would be designated as site controller. As per the general organization chart, in the mines, the mines manager would be designated as the incident controller. The incident Controller would be reporting to the site controller.

Each incident controller, for himself, organizes a team responsible for controlling the incidence with the personnel under his control. Shift In-charge would be the reporting officer, who would bring the incidence to the notice of the Incidence Controller and Site Controller.

Emergency co-coordinators would be appointed who would undertake the responsibilities like fire fighting, rescue, rehabilitation, transport and provide essential and support services. For this purposes, security in-charge, personnel department, essential services personnel would be engaged. All these personnel would be designated as key personnel.

In each shift, electrical supervisor, electrical fitters, pump house in-charge and other maintenance staff would be drafted for emergency operations. In the event of power or communication system failure, some of staff members in the mine offices would be drafted and their services would be utilized as messengers for quick passing of communications. All these personnel would be declared as essential personnel.

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Following officers of the mines will be responsible for co-ordination in case of emergency situated in any section of the mine. Emergency responses are given in Table 7.2.

Table 7.2: Emergency Responses

Person Responsibility Head of the department/ mine agent Site Controller

Section in charge/ mine manager Accident controller/ communication officer Employee who gives the first Primary controller information about the incident/ accident P & A Deptt. (HOD) Liaison officer

Emergency Organization:

Whoever notices an emergency situation such as fire, growth of fire etc would inform his immediate superior and Emergency control center. The person on duty in the Emergency Control Center would appraise the site controller. Site controller verifies the situation from the Incident Controller of that area or the Shift In-charge and takes a decision about an impending on site emergency. This would be communicated to all the incident controllers, emergency co- coordinators.

Simultaneously, the emergency warning system would be activated on the instructions of the site controller.

Setting up of Emergency Infrastructure:

To enable the key persons to implement the DMP, the following infrastructure will require to be set up:

Assembly Points

In case of emergency the site needs to be evacuated immediately. On evacuation people will go to pre-assigned assembly points. The charge will be taken by shift in charge and in his absence person deployed by Commander will be in charge of respective assembly points and will supervise Assembly and Head Count. A Board indicating the Assembly Point having relevant information is placed at point for guidance.

Liaison with State Authorities

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Government authorities, local hospital, police fire services, Taluka mamlatdar, district collector will be kept informed about the occurrence and development of any incident by Commander and procure necessary help and guidance from these authorities.

Task Force of Essential Staff

A task force of essential trained staff is made available to get work done by the Commander. Task Force personnel shall be trained to perform tasks as mentioned above.

Emergency Control Center

Manager-Quarry Office will act as Emergency Control Center and provided with required communication facilities. The Control Center is situated in an area of minimum risk and close to the road to allow for ready access by a vehicle if other systems fail or extra communication facilities are needed to be set up. The Emergency control center should consist of following items:

. External telephones . Emergency plan . Stationeries . Torches and emergency lights.

Fire Fighting:

Person noticing the fire shall immediately raise alarm and ask the nearest person to inform Matron and Manager-Quarry. The person at site shall use portable Fire Extinguisher in an attempt to extinguish the fire. Mine Mate shall assess the severity of fire and if likely to be severe shall take following steps

. Call fire tenders and mobile trailer pump from nearby fire department. . Call for assembly of all persons at assembly points . Arrange for turning "OFF" main switch of electricity supply. . Manager-Quarry shall review the steps taken by Matron in his capacity as COMMANDER and establish a "Control Room" in his office.

Natural Disasters:

Quarry being a single storey building, built on elevated base is structurally safe from effects of Natural Disasters. It affords shelter against cyclone and flood.

Cyclone and Flood

. When warning of cyclone or heavy rains is received from Local Administration, the Commander shall alert Staff to be prepared.

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. Mines Mate shall withdraw the entire person from work place and accumulate them in quarry building. . All the equipment should be withdrawn from mine and kept in a higher site. . The mines Manager may advise to leave the staff depending on security of situation.

Earthquake

. When earthquake hits, all persons shall be encouraged to run out in the open areas designated as Assembly Points. . The electrical department should disconnect the electrical supply. . All key personnel shall reach Quarry immediately and carry out designated responsibilities . Steps detailed in Emergency preparedness are to be carried out. . As soon as earthquake tremor stops - Site Incident Controller (Matron) shall: . Check all areas to ensure that all fires and doused. . Check all areas for persons trapped inside. . Search and Rescue Operation shall be launched with help of Workers, if there is obvious damage to building.

First Aid & Medical Facilities:

The mine management is having first aid / medical center for use in emergency situation. All casualties would be registered and will be given first aid. The center will have facilities for first aid and minor treatment resuscitation and transport. It will have proper telephone/ mobile phone facility for quick communication with hospitals where the complicated cases are to be referred. Regular checking of these facilities shall be under taken by the in charge of the first aid station.

Treatment of affected persons

. Injured / Affected persons shall be provided suitable first-aid treatment and sent to Co.'s Doctor for further treatment depending on injury. . Patients requiring further treatment shall be sent in Ambulances to Hospitals in Sedam. . Patients suffering from minor problems shall be discharged and sent home after preliminary treatment

Post Emergency Activities:

Medical check-up

Medical checkup of affected persons if any and suitable medical aid shall be provided.

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Collection of Records

Exact information shall be collected regarding cause of Emergency and remedial measures suggested preventing recurrence.

Inquiry

Detailed inquiry shall be carried out to find out cause which will be in the form of fact finding and recommendations made to suitable authority.

Insurance Claims (if any)

Insurance claims for damage due to consequences of emergency shall be filed.

Mock Drill:

Full scale mock drill shall be conducted at least once a year in coordination with Safety Department.

Manager-Quarry shall declare the emergency for mock drill and all persons concerned shall perform duties as per Responsibilities given in this Plan.

Training:

Regular training of all concerned personnel will be conducted to enable the Staff to face any type of Emergency be it Natural Disasters, Fire in Equipment, Building or any explosion in mine.

DMP Audit, Non Conformance and Corrective Action and Preventive Action:

Since this DMP has been designed as a dynamic document, it is required that its performance be audited at regular intervals. Ideally, persons auditing the DMP should be external auditors (i.e. not employed at the site being audited). The audit should result in a set of findings that are put before the site management for review.

Audits will be periodic, at intervals that are decided by the Head Office. Audit reports shall state the exact non-compliance with the particular clause of this DMP, and should include steps to be taken to attain compliance, through corrective and preventive actions.

Review of Emergency Performance:

The site / head office management will review the findings of the audit and the non-compliances. It will consider whether the DMP is providing adequate safety assurance to the management, delivering performance as desired, and whether it continues to be in the spirit of Environment, Health, and Safety Policies, and

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changing requirements. On the basis of these, the management will record its decisions and consider modifying the DMP, as deemed appropriate.

7.5 SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT, R&R ACTION PLAN

There has the positive impact on the villagers of the nearby villages in the form of employment. There is no human settlement in the lease area. Thus there is no impact on the human settlement and thus no R & R plan is required. Emergency Site Controller Control Rom

Safety Incident Emergency Coordinator Emergency Emergency Officer Controller (Rescue, Fire Fighting) Coordinator Coordinator (Medical, Mutual, Aid, (Essential Rehabilitation, Services) Transport and Communication)

Shift Shift In- charge In- charge

Electrician, Pump First Aid, Transport- Operator Electrician, operator Driver, Telephone - Pump operator Operator

Fig 7.2: On-site Emergency Chart

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Fig 7.3: Off-site Emergency Chart

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8.0 PROJECT BENEFITS

8.1 INTRODUCTION

Project Benefits

Project benefits are attributed in various ways as under:

 Environment  Social  Employment  Economic

The company is conscious of its obligations to society at large & is contributing in overall socioeconomic development of the area in the coming years by increasing its efforts for overall development of the study area.

8.2 ENVIRONMENT BENEFITS

At post mining stage of proposed project, the existing waste land shall be converted to water harvesting bodies and green belts.

. At the scheme period, total excavated area, 3.1 ha will be converted into water reservoir. The water reservoir will be helpful for recharge of ground water. . At end of scheme of mine, about, total greenbelt/Plantation will be done on 4.0 ha along with boundary of lease area, which will be beneficial to the environment & will provide an aesthetic look.

8.3 EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL

The local labors shall be engaged, in both plant and mines for allied activities besides, watch and ward and plantation activity with proper maintenance. Beside this, Company shall engage skilled and managerial staff to meet the statutory requirement under MMR 1961 and MCDR 1988. At present, the mine is not functional. Skilled / unskilled and semi-skilled workers besides managerial and administrative staff shall be employed at the time of opening of mine.

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8.4 SOCIAL BENEFITS

Cement Corporation of India Limited (CCI) is undertaking/ will undertake activities for the upliftment of surrounding areas of existing cement plant and proposed mines are given below:

 Education  Medical Facilities  Infrastructure Development  Vocational Training  Sanitation

Education:

. Providing financial support to schools to promote various activities towards development of children. . Providing support to Anganwadi centers /schools for building/ upgrading infrastructure (by undertaking or supporting construction work or equipping them with furniture, fans, maps , charts , fixtures, books, note books, musical instruments , uniforms etc.) for promoting education. . Scholarship and financial support to under privileged and meritorious students for undertaking/ continuing technical and professional courses. . Imparting employability training, vocational courses and skill development

Medical Facilities:

. Development of primary health centers . Health camps and provisions of medicines and other facilities including financial assistance for arranging health camps. . Ambulance to take patients to hospital in emergency situation.

Infrastructure Development:

. Construction of suitable approach roads and bus shelters . Pure & safe drinking facilities . Improve the village sanitation system . Repair and diversion of the existing roads and drains . Improve street and general lighting requirements.

Vocational Training:

. Computer training . Handicraft . Tailoring embroidery classes to surrounding villagers

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. Organize skill development and vocational training for enabling people to form self help group and . Training for girls and ladies of weaker section of society.

Sanitation:

. Proper sewerage system will be created and will start Suvidha Public Toilet at project site and adjoining villages.

8.4.1 CSR Activities Already Carried Out

Cement Corporation of India Limited (CCI) has implemented good corporate social responsibility activities (CSR) around their project site. The project proponent has carried out beneficial social welfare activities to improve the social and physical infrastructure of the local area. They have conducted community need assessment surveys around the project site to identify the areas which need development and improvement under CSR activities. CCI is having a full-fledged CSR coordinator at corporate office to take care of all the CSR activities of their group.

Table 8.1: CSR Activities Carried Out During Last Three Years

S. Name of CSR Amount Location No. Activities (In Rs.) FY 2016-17 School Building 1. Construction and Nearby Villages 3,00,000/- Maintenance 2. Expenses in Medical Camp Chandravancha Village 75,000/- 3. Expenses in Medical Camp Karankote Village 75,000/- 4. CC Road Construction Karankote Village 1,00,000/- Total 5,50,000/- FY 2017-18 Water Supply through 5. Chandravancha Village 4,00,000/- Underground Pipeline 6. Expenses in Medical Camp Chandravancha Village 75,000/- 7. Expenses in Medical Camp Karankote Village 75,000/- Construction of 2 Toilet Karankote/ 8. Blocks at Temple Premises 4,00,000/- Chandravancha Village near CCI Township 9. Fixing of LED street lights Chandravancha Village 50,000/- Total 10,00,000/- FY 2018-19 10. Drinking Water Supply Nearby Villages 2,00,000/- 11. Expenses in Medical Camp Chandravancha Village 75,000/-

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12. Expenses in Medical Camp Karankote Village 75,000/- 13. Fixing of LED street lights Chandravancha Village 50,000/- Total 4,00,000/- Grand Total 19,50,000/-

Since the plant as well as the mining is not in operation for the last 20 years but still CSR activities like the:

 Tar road from the main road to the human settlement in and around the colony has been constructed.  A Kannada medium school upto 10+2 level is in operation in the CCI Kurkunta colony and the infrastructure is provided by CCI.  A Police station is present in the colony itself providing security to the nearby areas.  CCI has its own temple maintained by own expenses and is used by local population for various functions like marriage etc.

Construction of Temple, Construction of Temple,

CC Road Construction

Fig 8.1: Photographs of CSR Initiatives

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As per the TOR point No. 44, 1% project cost is to be marked Corporate Enterprise Responsibility (CER) based on local need. Notification regarding CER was issued on 01.05.2018 deliberating the cost of projects under CER. As per this notification 1% of the project cost shall be allocated for the activities proposed under CER. The project cost is Rs. 336 Lakhs. As per the issues raised during Public Hearing for the proposed project are as following the Action Pan was proposed which is given below: CER activities as per the issued raised during Public Hearing for the proposed project are as following.

Table 8.2: Summary of Proposed Action Plan with Budget of CER

S. Budget (Rs. In Activities Heads Activities No Lacs) for 5 Years Infrastructure Water Cooler will be installed for 0.6 1 Creation of Drinking drinking water in nearby schools and Water villages for the local people School Heath Camp – General 0.5 health checkup , distribution of eatables

Distribution of Stationary - To 0.5 Sanitation, Health & 2 provide education material support Education to students.

Providing School Infrastructure - 0.5 Additional furniture’s and maintenance of toilets etc. Women skill development program in 1.0 Empowerment & Kurgunta village for the local women 3 Development to enhance their skill Program 4 Electrification Fixing of LED street lights 0.5 Total 3.6 The above proposed budget can be shifted year to year to other heads based on need.

8.4.2 Future CSR Proposal

Based on the need based assessment of the people as given in chapter – III, in future the following social welfare activities shall also be undertaken by project authorities to improve the physical and social infrastructures of the local community.

8.5 ECONOMIC BENEFITS

The Mining project is providing/ will provide the Job opportunities to the local person who is/ will improve the earning and spending capacity of the people.

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The project is also contributing/ will contribute additional revenue to the State and Central Govt. in the form of royalty, cess and other taxes etc.

8.6 CONCLUSION

Proposed project has generated a fair amount of direct and indirect employment in the study region. The local economy has received a boost due to employees spending and services generated by the company. The overall effect has improved the buying power of employees and thus a higher standard of living viz. better education, improved health and sanitation facilities, housing etc. This is envisaged as a major positive benefit, which will ultimately lead to the sustainable development of the region.

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9.0 ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS

9.1 ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS

As per EIA Notification dated 14th Sept., 2006, the Chapter on the ‘Environmental Cost Benefit Analysis’ is applicable, only if the same is recommended at the Scoping stage.

As per the ToR points issued by MoEF&CC, New Delhi Vide letter no. J- 11015/112/2018-IA.II (M) dated 30th August, 2019 for the mining project activity, the ‘Environmental Cost Benefit Analysis’ is not required.

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10.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

10.1 INTRODUCTION

An Environmental Management Plan is drawn up after an EIA has been conducted as per the requirement of Terms of Reference. EMP is then implemented throughout the project life cycle.

An EMS (Environment Management System) provides a systematic framework and approach to minimize risk and manage environmental aspects (i.e. activities that cause impact) and impacts (i.e. affect change to the environment from activities).

10.2 PURPOSE OF EMP

The environment management plan is prepared with a view to facilitate effective environmental management of the project, in general and implementation of the mitigation measures in particular. The EMP provides a delivery mechanism to address potential adverse impacts and to introduce standards of good practice to be adopted. For each stage of the programme, the EMP lists all the requirements to ensure effective mitigation of every potential biophysical and socioeconomic impact identified in the EIA. For each impact or operation, which could otherwise give rise to impact, the following information is presented:

. A comprehensive listing of the mitigation measures (actions) that project proponent will implement; . The parameters that will be monitored to ensure effective implementation of the action.

The timings for implementation of the action are also included to ensure the objectives of mitigation get fully met.

10.3 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 10.3.1 Air Environment

During the course of limestone mining, no toxic substances are released into the atmosphere, so there seems to be no potential threat to health of human beings. In limestone mining activities, dust will be generated during mining, loading ad transportation. The only source of fugitive gaseous emission during mining is vehicles which will be used for transportation. The environmental management for air pollution control includes:

. Over loading of transport equipments should be avoided to prevent spillage.

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. Transportation of minerals should be in covered vehicles to prevent fugitive dust emission. . Regular checking and maintenance of vehicles should be conducted once in every two months and pollution under control certificate be obtained. . Water should be sprinkled on these roads periodically every-day (twice in a day), to wet the surface. . It will be ensured that all transportation vehicles carry a valid PUC certificate. . Masks will be provided to the workers daily during working hours (8 hrs) of the mine. . Plantation will be taken up along the approach roads and vicinity of mine lease. The plantation arrests dust. . Blasting is proposed to be done using explosive Ammonium Nitrate – Fuel Oil (ANFO) as the column charge and cap sensitive explosive (normally slurry/ emulsion ex-plosives) as the booster charge. For drilling blast holes, wet drilling process will be adopted as to suppress dust emissions at the source of generation. Of the various firing patterns in vogue, the multi row staggered gird V pattern is proposed to be adopted sequencing with short delay detonator.

10.3.2 Noise Environment

Drilling or blasting will be done in the proposed project of limestone mining which will create momentary noise. Minimal noise will be generated during the operational phase of mine due to transportation and hand equipment to be used for mining purpose. The environmental management for noise pollution control includes:

. Ground vibrations and noise will be controlled by using electric blasting with delay detonators carefully to minimize the vibration and noise. Regular ground vibration study will be carried out as per CCOM’s circular. . Proper maintenance of hand equipments will be carried out every month, which will help in reducing generation of noise during operations. . Regular checking and maintenance of vehicles should be conducted once in every two month to avoid noise pollution. . Ear plugs will be provided to workers during the operational hours of mine. . Periodical monitoring of noise will be done to adopt corrective actions wherever needed. . Plantation will be taken up along the approach roads and vicinity of mine lease. The plantation minimizes propagation of noise and also arrests dust.

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10.3.3 Water Environment

During the operational phase of mine no waste water or industrial effluent will be generated. The environmental management for water pollution control includes:

. Local people will be employed and no permanent housing will be done so no permanent drainage pattern for sewerage system is required as domestic sewage shall be disposed off into septic tank followed by soak pits. . Water requirements for drinking, plantation and dust suppression will be met by groundwater on the daily basis. . Monitoring of water quality of nearby surface water, ground water and domestic water will be conducted once in every season except monsoon to evaluate the performance of the mitigation measures.

10.3.4 Water Conservation Water Resources Management

Project proponent focus on water resources management mainly through harvesting the rain water, monitoring of ground water drawl and supply by incorporation of measurement devices along the drawl and supply lines in the existing plant and mines premises, data recording and optimizing of use of water, ground water recharging through recharge wells and mined out pits. The ground water table fluctuation and quality is monitored by establishing Piezo- meter network and wells in mines and surrounding area. For the proposed project also all possible measures will be adopted to reduce salinity ingress and conservation of water in the region.

Existing Rainwater Harvesting in within Mine Sites

Rain Water Harvesting is done in Mine Sump created in completely mined-out area of 11.72 ha. Water from this pit is used for consumption in mining activities i.e. dust suppression & plantation.

Fig 10.1: Existing Rainwater Harvesting

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Rainwater Harvesting in Proposed Mine

At the end of scheme period; approx. 14.82 Hect are will be mined out which will be used for rainwater harvesting by creating water reservoirs. A network of drains/ garland drain etc. will be made to guide surface run-off water to this water reservoir.

10.3.5 Socio-Economic Environment

Study on Socio-economic status has already been carried out using primary socio-economic survey for generating the baseline data of Socio-economic status.

Human Settlement

There is no inhabitation within the lease area. Therefore neither villages nor any settlement will get disturbed during the entire life of the mine. As the mining operations will not disturb or relocate any village or settlement, no adverse impact is anticipated on any human settlement.

Employment

The mining operations will provide employment to local people. Various indirect employment opportunities will also be generated. Such as employment through contractors, running of trucks, tractors etc. on hire, different kind of shops and transport related business avenues.

Development of Region

The project will provide impetus to industrialization of the area. Company will follow its community development policies for the region. Training of employed workers to improve their skills for safe workings will be given. Free medical camp will be organized for the villagers. Company will co-operate with the Government for the development of the area, nearby schools and basic amenities.

10.3.6 Biological Environment

The project shall strictly follow the activities and abide by all the conditions therein.

GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT AND PLANTATION PROGRAMME

Greenbelt development programme will be designed for preventing the soil erosion, improving the greenery and aesthetic beauty of the area. While selection of species, care will be taken so as the developed forest will remain useful for habitations. Greenbelt development and plantation is necessary for:

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. To check soil erosion . Provide stabilization to slopes of the waste dumps . Improvement in aesthetic environment of site . To attenuate noise generated by movement of vehicles and other machinery

Green Belt Development

. About 2000 trees Neem and locally suitable plants are proposed to be planted every year covering total of 2.0 ha. Total 4000 trees will be planted in the 2 years plan period near the existing plantation. Green belt has been developed along the mining lease boundary. . Plants have been/ will be planted with @1000 saplings per hectare of the land. . CCI have suggested that the loss of plants in each year will be counted and it will be again planted in subsequent plantation. The dead plants will be replaced by saplings of new plant on the location. . To improve the survival rate in the adverse climatic condition necessary consultation would be taken from the Forest Department. . To protect the plants from the pests 10 gm of BHC powder will be given in the proposed pit before plantation.

Table 10.1: Suggested Plant for Green Belt/ Plantation

S. No Species name Binomial name Tree 1 Shisham Delbergia sisso 2 Ardu or Mahaneem Ailanthus excelsa 3 Khejri Prosopis cineraria 4 Indian Elm Holoptelea integrifolia 5 Gum Arabic tree Acacia senegal 6 Karanj Pongamia pinnata 7 Imli Tamarindus indica 8 Babool Acacia nilotica 9 Jungle Jalebi Pithecellobium dulce 10 Ronj Acacia leucophloea 11 Neem Azadirachta indica 12 Ber Zizyphus mauritiana 13 Siris tree Albizia lebbeck 14 Pipal Ficus religiosa Shrubs / Herbs 15 Munja grass Saccharum munja 16 Peeli Kaner Thevetia peruviana

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17 Vilayati Babool Prosopis juliflora 18 Arandi Ricinus cummunis 19 Kaner Nerium Indicum 20 Sarphonka Tephrosia hamiltonii 21 "Red (Yellow, Wild) Sage" Lantana camara 22 Buffel Grass Cenchrus ciliaris 23 Kans grass Saccharum spontaneum 24 Makara or crowfoot grass Dactyloctenium aegyptium 25 Bui Aerva tomentosa 26 Purple three awn or Bunch Aristida purpurea grass

Plantation Programme

. The trees will be planted @ 1000 saplings per hectare of land and survival will be maintained more than 80%.

Table 10.2: Afforestation Programme in the 2 year plan period and conceptual period

Year No. of Sapling Area Cover Survival Type of Proposed (In Ha.) Rate Sapling 2018-19 2000 2.0 80% Neem, Jamun, 2019-20 2000 2.0 80% Guava, Chakunda, Total 4000 4.0 80% Acasia etc. Source: Approved Mining Plan with Progressive Mine Closure Plan

10.3.7 Occupational Health & Safety

Concentration of Respirable dust in the workplace will be regularly measured as laid down by DGMS. Health check up for the workers will be conducted at regular intervals. CCI will provide free medicine to needed patient. Environment Management Cell will also coordinate with general public, regulatory authorities, local administration to appraise environmental performance of the mine.

Safety of employee during mining operation and maintenance of mining equipment are taken care as per guideline of Director General of Mines Safety (DGMS). To avoid any adverse effect on the health of workers due to dust, heat, noise and vibration sufficient measures have been provided in the mining project. The following measures relating to safety and health should be incorporated.

. Provision of rest shelters for mine workers with amenities like drinking water, toilets etc. . Provision of personal protection devices to the workers. . Rotation of workers exposed to noisy areas.

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. Dust suppression on haul road. . First-aid facilities in the mining area.

10.4 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT CELL

An Environmental Management Cell is proposed, with all necessary basic infrastructures, under the guideline of Mines Manager. The team will be responsible for all the environmental management activities including environmental monitoring, greenbelt development and to ensure statutory compliance with the regulatory authorities. The organizational chart of the Environmental Management Cell is as follows. The project proponent will adhere the environmental policy, consists of standard operating procedures/ practices to avoid any violations caused due to any infringement/ deviation/ violation of the environment or forest norms/ conditions, as detailed in the EIA report.

Mines Manager

Mining Engineer

Environmental Supervisor/ Engineer/ Supporting Staff Chemist

Fig 10.2: Environmental Management Cell

10.5 BUDGETARY PROVISION FOR EMP

In order to comply with the environmental protection measures as suggested in the above sections, CCI has budgetary provision for environmental protection and safety measures.

The total estimated cost of the project is Rs.360 Lakhs. In order to implement the environmental protection measures, timely funds will be released as per requirement. A capital cost and recurring cost for the environmental protection measures will be Rs. 14.4 lakhs and 5.76 lakhs respectively. The Cost towards Environmental Mitigation Measures is given in Table 10.3.

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Table 10.3: Cost of Provision for Environmental Protection Measures

Recurring Cost/ Capital Cost S. No. Particulars Annum (In Lakhs) (In Rs. Lakhs) 1. Pollution Control 4.9 1.96 2. Environmental Monitoring 3.5 1.4 3. Green Belt/ Plantation 2.5 1.0 4. Occupational Health 1.5 0.6 Misc. (Fencing, Garland 5. 2.0 0.8 etc.) Total 14.4 5.76

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GMEC C10-8 INTERNATIONAL Authorized Signatory

11.0 SUMMARY & CONCLUSION

11.1 INTRODUCTION

Cement Corporation of India Limited (CCI) is having three mining leases in Injepalli, Sedam & Madkal Village, Sedam Taluka, Kalburgi District, Karnataka. These lease details are given below:

Lease Area (In S. No. ML No. Near Village Classification Hect.) 1. 2015 119.64 Injepalli & Sedam Non Forest Land 2. 1880 68.91 Sedam & Madkal Non Forest Land 3. 1339 52.81 Sedam & Injepalli Non Forest Land

The above mining leases are contiguous and adjacent to each other. The mining operations are planned on a contiguous working basis as such. Limestone from these mines is being supplied to CCI cement plant; Kurkunta located about approx. 5.0 km from mine site. This project pertains to getting Environmental Clearance for Karigatta limestone, ML No. 2015 for an extent of 119.64 Ha.

11.2 PROJECT BRIEF

Cement Corporation of India Limited (CCI) has proposed Limestone mining project in order to meet the requirement of Limestone (Which is the basic raw material for manufacturing of cement) for their existing cement plant located in Kurkunta, Karnataka. This project pertains to mining of limestone with peak production capacity of about 1.0 MTPA area of 119.64 Hect located at near village Injepalli & Sedam, Sedam taluka in Kalburgi district of Karnataka. Total cost of the proposed project is Rs. 360 lakhs.

Salient Features of the Mine Site:

Features Details Altitude 438-493 m above MSL Latitude (N) & 17° 9' 9.80" N to 17° 8' 16.3" N Longitude (E) 77° 20' 49.93" E to 77° 19' 54.35" E Village, Tehsil, District, Sedam and Injepalli, Sedam, Kalaburgi, Karnataka State Max. Temp., 0C 37 Min. Temp., 0C 27 Relative Humidity, % 36-46

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Annual Rainfall, mm 886 mm The topography around the mining lease area is slightly Topography undulating with a northerly gentle gradient. Nearest Water Bodies Within lease area Nearest Highway S.H. – 10, 1.60 km, SW Nearest Railway Kurgunta R.S., 5.30 km, NE Station Nearby Industries Birla Shakti Cement Plant, 4.30 km, W Nearest Village Injepalli, 2.60 km, W Nearest Town Kurgunta, 4.60 km, NNE Inter-State Boundary Karnataka – Telangana, 3.40 km, ENE Nearest Airport Rajiv Gandhi International Airport (Hyderabad), 115 km, E Nearby Forest Mailwar R.F., 6.90 km, ESE Historical Places Malkhed Fort, 20 .00 km, WNW

Salient Features of the Limestone Mine:

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22. Power requirement Approx. 40 KW (Combined) 23. Source of power Karnataka State Electricity Board 24. Manpower requirement 36 Nos. 25. Transport of Limestone Tippers/Dumpers

11.3 BASELINE ENVIRONMENT

In order to assess the impacts of mining activities on environmental parameters, it is essential to collect and generate the existing information of the area, which is known as base line data.

The environment status of the project sites and the around project area of 11 km is delineated with respect to air, noise, soil, water, biological and socio- economic environment. The different project activities are identified and evaluated on the basis of primary and secondary data collection through field investigations, environment monitoring and available literature such as maps, reports, and scientific literatures. The status of the Aliabet environment is discussed in Chapter 3.

11.4 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

AIR ENVIRONMENT:

The air quality in the mining area depends upon the nature and concentration of emissions and meteorological conditions.

Anticipated Impact:

The major sources of air pollution in the proposed mine is dust generation due to drilling, blasting, excavation, loading and transportation of mineral & wind erosion of exposed material.

 Drilling:

 Drilling will be done by blast holes by 115 mm dia drill and generated muck pile, will be excavated by the shovels with bucket capacities of 6.5 m3 and 4.3 m3 shovels. Drilling operations are mainly carried out during day time.

 Blasting:

 Blasting will be done using ANFO mixture along with 25% booster slurry explosives. Air pollutants generated during blasting will be in the form of chemical gases and particulate matter. The gases and particulate matter

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generated during blasting does not significantly contribute any air pollution as it will be instantaneous and intermittent. Blasting will be carried out during daytime only and is avoided during high windy periods and during night times.

 Transportation of Ore:  The entire limestone excavated from this mine will be fed to CCI cement plant. The mine is situated at a distance of about 4.0 km of the cement plant by road. The limestone will be transported to the plant by closed belt conveyor system.  Ore Loading:

 The ore after crushing and sizing at in pit crushing plant is brought to stock yard which ultimately transported to the plant & the remaining material is stacked in the stock pile by a movable stacker placed in stock yard. Water sprinkling is done regularly to contain the PM in the stock yards.

Mitigation Measures:

 Drilling: To control fugitive dust at source, wet drilling will be provided. Where there is a scarcity of water, suitably designed dust extractor will be provided for dry drilling along with dust hood at the mouth of the drill-hole collar.

 Blasting: Establish time of blasting to suit the local conditions. Avoid blasting i.e., when temperature inversion is likely to occur and strong wind blows towards residential areas.

 Haul Road: The long life WBM (Water Bound Macadam) haul roads will be constructed and maintained for traffic movement.

 Transport: The speed of dumpers/ trucks on haul road will be controlled as increased speed increases dust emissions. Overloading of transport vehicles will be avoided. The trucks/ tippers will have sufficient free board. Spillage of ore on public roads will be cleared immediately and vehicles will play in safe speed.

 Green Belt: Planting of trees all along main mine haul road and regular grading of haul roads will be practiced to prevent the generation of dust due to movement of dumpers/trucks. Green belt of adequate width will be developed around the lease area. Plantation will also be done in dumping area, mineral stockyard.

GMEC C11-4 INTERNATIONAL Authorized Signatory

NOISE ENVIRONMENT:

Anticipated Impact:

 The source of Noise pollution will be the vehicular movements.  Noise will be generated by the digging of mine area using shovels, crowbars etc.  Momentary noise will be generated by drilling and blasting.

Mitigation Measures:

 Maintenance of Machinery: Good and regular maintenance of machinery will be ensured to keep the noise generated at minimum. The vehicles operating will be maintained and provided with good silencers. All machines will be used at optimum capacity.  Blasting: Blasting will be avoided in the morning and evening hours, on foggy days, at night time and at times of high wind velocity and low cloud cover.  Drilling: Drilling will be carried out with the help of sharp drill bits.  Vegetation: Plantation of trees around haul roads will be done to reduce the noise.  Trained Operators: Only trained operators will be allowed to operate machines.  Hearing Protection: Equipment like ear-muffs, ear-plugs, etc. are commonly used device for hearing protection. Workers and operators working at drilling sites will be provided with ear muffs.

LAND ENVIRONMENT:

Anticipated Impact:  The existing surface profile will be replaced by a depressed surface (pit) with benches if 6m depth.

GMEC C11-5 INTERNATIONAL Authorized Signatory

 Since it is an existing mine, there will be no need to build office and workshop which will be subjected to leveling.

Mitigations Measures

Adopting suitable, site-specific mitigation measures can reduce the degree of impact of mining on land. Some of the land –related mitigation measures are as follows:

 Present land use pattern of the lease area is waste land and at the conceptual stage the land use pattern will remain the same, hence will not be changed.  The pits will be utilized for rain water harvesting

WATER ENVIRONMENT:

Anticipated Impact: Impact due to Mining

As such no effluents will be generated due to the existing mining activity. However, domestic effluent to 1.5 KLD will be generated which will be diverted into the septic tank followed by soak pit.

Waste Water Generation and Treatment/ Disposal Requirement Effluent Units Remark (KLD) (KLD) Mining Use Water sprinkling/ Dust 10.0 0 suppression The waste water generated from the Plantation 5.0 0 domestic use will be diverted into Misc. & Utilities 3.0 0 septic tank followed by soak pit. Domestic use 2.0 1.5 Total 20.0 1.5

GMEC C11-6 INTERNATIONAL Authorized Signatory

Surface Water  As there is no River or Nallah passing through the mine site, hence no impact is anticipated on the hydrological regime of the area due to mining activity.  No natural course of water stream is interrupted or diverted due to mining activity; hence no impact on natural drain is anticipated.  Surface run off distribution during rainy season may get affected due to excavated pits and overburden stack.  Runoff from the mining benches or from overburden during the rainy season may get contaminated.

Ground Water

 Impact on ground water is may be anticipated as mining depth may intersect groundwater.  Ground water pollution can take place only if the mining rejects contain toxic substances, which get leached by the precipitation water and percolate to the ground water table thus polluting it. Any nearby wells or other sources of water can be rendered unfit for drinking and even for industrial use.  Domestic sewage will be generated which can create contamination.

Mitigations Measures:

 Practically there is no overburden or reject generating from the mining activity, moreover the excavated mineral itself is non-toxic and hence no effect due to water flow during rains following the contours of the area is expected.  As there is no generation of overburden or mineral reject from the mining activity; hence the excavated pit will be converted into the water reservoir at the end of mine life. This will help in recharging ground water table by acting as a water harvesting structure.  Overall drainage planning has been done in such a manner that the existing pre-mining drainage conditions will be maintained to the extent possible so that run off distribution is not affected.  Surface Run off management structures like construction of retaining wall & garland drain settling pond are proposed.  Garland drain will be constructed on all sides of quarry along with settling pond to remove the suspended solids from storm water. The collected water shall be used in plantation and spraying on haul roads. Settling ponds will be designed on the basis of silt loading, slope of the lease, detention time required etc.

GMEC C11-7 INTERNATIONAL Authorized Signatory

 Septic tanks and soak pits will be provided for the disposal of domestic effluent generated from mine office. BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT:

Anticipated Impact:

The mine lease area is waste land with no vegetation. Thus there shall not be any adverse impact on biological environment due to the mining.

The mine area after reclamation will be planted resulting in an improvement in surrounding environment.

Mitigation Measures:

The objectives of green belt cover will cover the following:

 Noise abatement  Reuse of waste water to the extent possible  Prevention of soil erosion  Ecological restoration  Aesthetic, biological and visual improvement of area due to improved vegetative and plantations cover.

SOCIO- ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT:

GMEC C11-8 INTERNATIONAL Authorized Signatory

population composition, employment generation, occupational shift, household income, consumption pattern, ethnic issue and law & order problem.

Positive Impact:

With adequate steps proposed for environmental protection no significant pollution will be there.

. Employment . Improved standard of living . Community skills development . Economic exposure and development

Adverse Social Impact:

Mitigation Measures:

. Mining in this lease will give 20 job opportunities to the local people. Thus, limestone mining will create beneficial effect on local people. . With the operation of mining lease, various indirect employment opportunities will also be generated. Several persons of the neighboring villages have been benefited with contract works, employment through contractors, running jeeps, trucks and tractors on hire, running canteens, different kinds of shops and transport related business avenues. . Villagers have been provided with either direct employment or indirect employment such as business, contract works and development work like roads etc. . Villagers also get access to the other welfare amenities such as drinking water, foods and provisions, shed etc. . The roads connecting to the villages will be repaired at regular interval by the propjet proponent.

GMEC C11-9 INTERNATIONAL Authorized Signatory

11.5 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME

Various environmental parameters to be monitored area given in table below:

11.6 PROJECT BENEFITS

Employment Potential:

Social Benefits:

GMEC C11-10 INTERNATIONAL Authorized Signatory

Cement Corporation of India Limited (CCI) is undertaking/ will undertake activities for the upliftment of surrounding areas of existing cement plant and proposed mines are given below:

 Education  Medical Facilities  Infrastructure Development  Vocational Training  Sanitation

Education:

 Providing financial support to schools to promote various activities towards development of children.  Providing support to Anganwadi centers /schools for building/ upgrading infrastructure (by undertaking or supporting construction work or equipping them with furniture, fans, maps , charts , fixtures, books, note books, musical instruments , uniforms etc.) for promoting education.  Scholarship and financial support to under privileged and meritorious students for undertaking/ continuing technical and professional courses.  Imparting employability training, vocational courses and skill development

Medical Facilities:

 Development of primary health centers  Health camps and provisions of medicines and other facilities including financial assistance for arranging health camps.  Ambulance to take patients to hospital in emergency situation.

Infrastructure Development:

 Construction of suitable approach roads and bus shelters  Pure & safe drinking facilities  Improve the village sanitation system  Repair and diversion of the existing roads and drains  Improve street and general lighting requirements.

Vocational Training:

 Computer training  Handicraft  Tailoring embroidery classes to surrounding villagers  Organize skill development and vocational training for enabling people to form self help group and  Training for girls and ladies of weaker section of society.

GMEC C11-11 INTERNATIONAL Authorized Signatory

Sanitation:

 Proper sewerage system will be created and will start Suvidha Public Toilet at project site and adjoining villages.

Environment Benefits:

At post mining stage of proposed project, the existing waste land shall be converted to water harvesting bodies and green belts.

11.7 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN

The EMP provides a delivery mechanism to address potential adverse impacts, to instruct contractors and to introduce standards of good practice to be adopted for all project works. For each stage of the programme, the EMP lists all the requirements to ensure effective mitigation of significant biophysical and socio-economic impacts identified in the EIA. The EMP covers the following:

Role of Project Proponent and its contractors;

 A comprehensive listing of the mitigation measures (actions) will be prepared and implemented  The parameters that will be monitored to ensure effective implementation of the action;

The timing for implementation of the action to ensure that the objectives of mitigation are fully met.

11.8 CONCLUSION

There is/will be no significant pollution of air, water, soil and noise. Regular monitoring of all the components of environment has been/will be done.

GMEC C11-12 INTERNATIONAL Authorized Signatory

Increased social welfare measures taken by the company has brought/ will bring development in the near-by villages.

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GMEC C11-13 INTERNATIONAL Authorized Signatory

12.0 DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS ENGAGED

12.1 INTRODUCTION

Global Management and Engineering Consultants International (GMEC International), Jaipur, is an ISO 9001, ISO 14001 & OHSAS 18001 certified organization with NABL accredited testing laboratory and NABET accredited consultancy organization.

GMEC INTERNATIONAL is offering Environmental Consultancy Services in various sectors:

1. Mining of minerals including opencast/ underground mining 2. Mineral beneficiation including Pelletisation 3. Thermal power plants 4. Metallurgical industries (ferrous & non- ferrous) 5. Highways 6. Building and construction projects 7. Townships and Area development projects 8. Offshore and onshore oil and gas exploration development & production 9. Oil & gas transportation piping (Crude and refinery/ Petrochemical products), passing through national parks/ sanctuaries/ coral reefs/ ecologically sensitive areas including LNG terminal 10. Ports, harbors, break waters and dredging 11. Chemical Fertilizers

12.2 EIA TEAM MEMBERS

Teams of people involved in EIA/EMP report preparation for this project are given below:

Details of Personnel Involved in Current EIA/EMP Study

Name Qualification Position Experience Ph.D. (Env. Sc.), M.Sc. Over 21 years of (Ecology & Env. Sc.), EIA Coordinator & experience in Dr. A. K. B.Sc. (Chem. Bot. & Functional Area preparation of EIA / Pandey Zoology), BJ (MC) Expert EMP reports and Journalism & Diploma in ecology Disaster Management Expert in Over 34 years of Ph.D. (Air Pollution), ME Dr. Meena Hydrology, Air experience in (Civil), B. Tech. (Civil) & Bhaduri Pollution & Control preparation of EIA / M.A. (Sociology) and Air Modeling, EMP reports,

GMEC C12-1 INTERNATIONAL Authorized Signatory

Socio-economy hydrological report preparation and sociologist. Ph.D.(Thermal More than 38 years of Dr. Shishir Engineering), M.E. (App. Functional Area experience in teaching Bhaduri Thermo) & B.E. Expert - AP and designing in air (Mechanical) pollution control system Ph.D.( Soil and Water Conservation More than 33 years of Engineering) Dr. Sita Ram M.Tech.(Water Resource Functional Area experience in teaching Bhakar Development and Expert - SC and Soil and Water Management), B.E. conservation (Agriculture Engineering Over 31 years of Mr. U. N M.Sc. (Chemistry) & Functional Area experience in industrial Seth B.Sc. (PCM) Expert - SC field and preparation of EIA / EMP reports Over 6 years of Mr. Yogesh Functional Area experience in M.Sc (Env.) Poonia Expert preparation of EIA / EMP reports. Mr. Gauri More than 9 years of Functional Area Shankar M.Sc (GEO) experience in Mine Expert Narayan Plan, EIA/EMP reports More than 5 years of Mr. Functional Area experience in Omprakash M.Tech (Env. Engg.) Expert preparation of EIA / Kumar EMP reports Mr. Kisan Over 8 years of field M.Sc (Chemistry) HOD - Lab Pandit monitoring experience Over 6 years of Mr. Sunil Functional Area experience in M.Sc (Env.) Lamba Associate preparation of EIA / EMP reports More than 5 years of Tech. Manager & experience in Ms. Pratika M.Sc (Chemistry) Team Member Environmental (WP) laboratory. Over 4 years of work Mr. Bhaskar M.A (Pub. Adm.), Functional Area experience in Sinha Associate (SE) Sociologist. Mr. Sahil M.Sc (Env.) Functional Area More than 2 years of

GMEC C12-2 INTERNATIONAL Authorized Signatory

Associate & Field field monitoring & data Technician collection experience. Mr. Rajat More than 1 years of Soni Team Member & M.Sc (Env.) field monitoring & data Field Technician collection experience.

More than 2 years of Mr. Mukesh M.Sc (Env.) Field Technician field monitoring & data collection experience.

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GMEC C12-3 INTERNATIONAL Authorized Signatory