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Rock Arts of Buddhist Caves in Vidarbha (Maharashtra) India
Quest Journals Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Science Volume 9 ~ Issue 3 (2021)pp: 01-09 ISSN(Online):2321-9467 www.questjournals.org Research Paper Rock Arts of Buddhist Caves in Vidarbha (Maharashtra) India Dr Akash Daulatrao Gedam Asst. Prof. Dept. Applied Sciences & Humanities, Yeshwantrao Chavan College of Engineering, Wanadongari, Hingna Road, Nagpur-441110 Received 02 Mar, 2021; Revised: 12 Mar, 2021; Accepted 14 Mar, 2021 © The author(s) 2021. Published with open access at www.questjournals.org I. INTRODUCTION: Vidarbha (19° 21”N and long 76° 80”E) is an eastern part of Maharashtra state and is outside the Deccan trap area and falls geologically in the Gondwana formation. It is border the state of Madhya Pradesh to the north, Chhattisgarh in the east, Telangana in the south and Marathwada and Khandesh regions of Maharashtra in the west. Situated in central India, Vidarbha has its own rich, cultural and historical background distinct from rest of Maharashtra, Besides in archaeological remains. Nagpur having Archaeological evidence at every part, the Prehistory Branch of the Archaeological Survey of India, Nagpur has reported Middle Palaeolithic and Upper Palaeolithic sites from the district (IAR 2002-03: 145-148). A notable discovery was of a Neolithic celt made on schist (Adam Excavation 1987-1996) a very less countable prehistoric site in situated Vidarbha region. After that early Mauryan and Mauryan activities in this area and majority of sites are belongs to Satavahanas period. We found archaeological evidences ranging from prehistoric period to modern era at every part of Vidarbha and particularly in Nagpur, Chandrapur, Bhandara and Gondia districts which are known to archaeologist for burial of Megalithic people. -
Paleomagnetic and Geochronological Studies of the Mafic Dyke Swarms Of
Precambrian Research 198–199 (2012) 51–76 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Precambrian Research journa l homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/precamres Paleomagnetic and geochronological studies of the mafic dyke swarms of Bundelkhand craton, central India: Implications for the tectonic evolution and paleogeographic reconstructions a,∗ a b a c Vimal R. Pradhan , Joseph G. Meert , Manoj K. Pandit , George Kamenov , Md. Erfan Ali Mondal a Department of Geological Sciences, University of Florida, 241 Williamson Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA b Department of Geology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India c Department of Geology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: The paleogeographic position of India within the Paleoproterozoic Columbia and Mesoproterozoic Received 12 July 2011 Rodinia supercontinents is shrouded in uncertainty due to the paucity of high quality paleomagnetic Received in revised form 6 November 2011 data with strong age control. New paleomagnetic and geochronological data from the Precambrian mafic Accepted 18 November 2011 dykes intruding granitoids and supracrustals of the Archean Bundelkhand craton (BC) in northern Penin- Available online 28 November 2011 sular India is significant in constraining the position of India at 2.0 and 1.1 Ga. The dykes are ubiquitous within the craton and have variable orientations (NW–SE, NE–SW, ENE–WSW and E–W). Three dis- Keywords: tinct episodes of dyke intrusion are inferred from the paleomagnetic analysis of these dykes. The older Bundelkhand craton, Mafic dykes, Central ◦ NW–SE trending dykes yield a mean paleomagnetic direction with a declination = 155.3 and an incli- India, Paleomagnetism, Geochronology, ◦ ◦ − Ä ˛ Paleogeography nation = 7.8 ( = 21; 95 = 9.6 ). -
Gondwana Vertebrate Faunas of India: Their Diversity and Intercontinental Relationships
438 Article 438 by Saswati Bandyopadhyay1* and Sanghamitra Ray2 Gondwana Vertebrate Faunas of India: Their Diversity and Intercontinental Relationships 1Geological Studies Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, 203 B. T. Road, Kolkata 700108, India; email: [email protected] 2Department of Geology and Geophysics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India; email: [email protected] *Corresponding author (Received : 23/12/2018; Revised accepted : 11/09/2019) https://doi.org/10.18814/epiiugs/2020/020028 The twelve Gondwanan stratigraphic horizons of many extant lineages, producing highly diverse terrestrial vertebrates India have yielded varied vertebrate fossils. The oldest in the vacant niches created throughout the world due to the end- Permian extinction event. Diapsids diversified rapidly by the Middle fossil record is the Endothiodon-dominated multitaxic Triassic in to many communities of continental tetrapods, whereas Kundaram fauna, which correlates the Kundaram the non-mammalian synapsids became a minor components for the Formation with several other coeval Late Permian remainder of the Mesozoic Era. The Gondwana basins of peninsular horizons of South Africa, Zambia, Tanzania, India (Fig. 1A) aptly exemplify the diverse vertebrate faunas found Mozambique, Malawi, Madagascar and Brazil. The from the Late Palaeozoic and Mesozoic. During the last few decades much emphasis was given on explorations and excavations of Permian-Triassic transition in India is marked by vertebrate fossils in these basins which have yielded many new fossil distinct taxonomic shift and faunal characteristics and vertebrates, significant both in numbers and diversity of genera, and represented by small-sized holdover fauna of the providing information on their taphonomy, taxonomy, phylogeny, Early Triassic Panchet and Kamthi fauna. -
The Civilization of India
'CORNIA, SAN DIEGO usaJH iliii DS 436 D97 HB In SUM^ Hill HI I A ——^— c SS33 1II1& A inos ^ (J REGIO 1 8 MAL 8 I ' 8Bi|LIBRARY 8 ===== 5 ^H •''"'''. F 1 ^^^? > jH / I•' / 6 3 mm^ LIBRARY "*'**••* OK SAN 0fO3O N F CAL,F0RNI in JmNiln 1 M, . * san 3 1822 00059 8219 Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2007 with funding from Microsoft Corporation http://www.archive.org/details/civilizationofinOOdutt HE TEMPLE PRIMERS THE CIVILIZATION OF INDIA By ROMESH C. DUTT, CLE. A. : » "";. : ;-. ' 1 - fejlSP^^*^-:'H-' : .;.Jlffsil if? W?*^m^^lmSmJpBSS^S I^~lmi ~5%^M'J&iff*^^ ygjBfB^ THE GREAT TEMPLE OF BHUVANESWARA CIVILIZATIOn OF.IHDIA I900& 29 &30 BEDFORD-STREET* LQNDOM All rights reserved CONTENTS PAGE I. VEDIC AGE (2000 TO I4OO B.C.) I II. EPIC AGE (14OO TO 80O B.C.) l 5 III. AGE OF LAWS AND PHILOSOPHY (80O TO 3 I 5 B.C. 2 5 IV. RISE OF BUDDHISM (522 B.C.) 36 V. BUDDHIST AGE (3 I 5 B.C. TO A.D. 500) . 49 VI. PURANIC AGE (a.D. 5OO TO 800) . 65 VII. AGE OF RAJPUT ASCENDENCY (a.D. 800 TO 1200 79 VIII. AGE OF THE AFGHAN RULE (a.D. 1206 TO I 526 89 IX. CONDITION OF THE PEOPLE UNDER THE AFGHA1 RULE ...... 99 X. AGE OF THE MOGHAL RULE (a.D. I 526 TO I707 106 XI. CONDITION OF THE PEOPLE UNDER THE MOGHAL RULE ....... 116 XII. AGE OF MAHRATTA ASCENDENCY (a.D. 1 7 1 8 TO l8l8) 132 Index 144 ' LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS PAGE Asoka's Pillar 54 Chaitya or Church at Karli Chaitya or Church at Ajanta . -
OREDA, 1.47MW, Rooftop Solar, Odisha, July 2020
Request for Proposal (RFP) for design, engineering, supply, installation, testing, commissioning and acceptance of Rooftop Solar Power System (RSPS) and solar Street Lighting System (SLS) through off- grid mode along with Comprehensive Maintenance for ten (10) years at various locations in the 115 no. of Panchayat Samiti Office premises across all 30 district(s) in Odisha E-procurement Website: www.tenderwizard.com/OREDA RFP no.: 2701/OREDA/PD-05/2020 dated 30th Jun 2020 Contact details: Odisha Renewable Energy Development Agency (OREDA) Address: S-3/59, Mancheswar Industrial Estate, Bhubaneswar - 751010, Odisha. Phone: (0674) 2588260, 2586398, 2580554, Fax: 2586368 Email: [email protected]. Website: www.oredaorissa.com (This page is international left blank.) RFP No. 2701/OREDA/PD-05/2020 dated 30th Jun 2020 OREDA 1 Notice Inviting Tender (NIT) NIT no.: 2701/OREDA/PD-05/2020 dated 30 Jun 2020 Type of bidding: Domestic Competitive Bidding (DCB) Mode of bidding: Open bidding, Single stage two envelope, E-bidding Odisha Renewable Energy Development Agency (OREDA) invites Request for Proposal (RFP) for design, engineering, supply, installation, testing, commissioning and acceptance of Rooftop Solar Power System (RSPS) and solar Street Lighting System (SLS) through off-grid mode along with Comprehensive Maintenance for ten (10) years at various locations in the 115 no. of Panchayat Samiti Office premises across all 30 district(s) in Odisha. The Schedule of Events is given below: Sl. No. Events Schedule 1. Date of publication of Request for Proposal (RFP) on 30th Jun 2020 E-procurement Website and OREDA Website 2. Due date and time for receipt of pre-bid queries on the 07th Jul 2020, Time: 1:00 PM RFP 3. -
District Irrigation Plan of Kalahandi District, Odisha
District Irrigation Plan of Kalahandi, Odisha DISTRICT IRRIGATION PLAN OF KALAHANDI DISTRICT, ODISHA i District Irrigation Plan of Kalahandi, Odisha Prepared by: District Level Implementation Committee (DLIC), Kalahandi, Odisha Technical Support by: ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation (IISWC), Research Centre, Sunabeda, Post Box-12, Koraput, Odisha Phone: 06853-220125; Fax: 06853-220124 E-mail: [email protected] For more information please contact: Collector & District Magistrate Bhawanipatna :766001 District : Kalahandi Phone : 06670-230201 Fax : 06670-230303 Email : [email protected] ii District Irrigation Plan of Kalahandi, Odisha FOREWORD Kalahandi district is the seventh largest district in the state and has spread about 7920 sq. kms area. The district is comes under the KBK region which is considered as the underdeveloped region of India. The SC/ST population of the district is around 46.31% of the total district population. More than 90% of the inhabitants are rural based and depends on agriculture for their livelihood. But the literacy rate of the Kalahandi districts is about 59.62% which is quite higher than the neighboring districts. The district receives good amount of rainfall which ranges from 1111 to 2712 mm. The Net Sown Area (NSA) of the districts is 31.72% to the total geographical area(TGA) of the district and area under irrigation is 66.21 % of the NSA. Though the larger area of the district is under irrigation, un-equal development of irrigation facility led to inequality between the blocks interns overall development. The district has good forest cover of about 49.22% of the TGA of the district. -
World Bank Document
Document of The World Bank FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY AA. 3zS3 /4 Public Disclosure Authorized oo iZ / -73 -/ Report No.8568-IN STAFF APPRAISALREPORT Public Disclosure Authorized INDIA INTEGRATEDCHILD DEVELOPMENTSERVICES PROJECT JUNE 1, 1990 Public Disclosure Authorized Asia CountryDepartment IV (India) Public Disclosure Authorized Population,Human Resources,Urban and Water OperationsDivision Thisdocument has a restited distributionand may be usedby redieus ony In the pedormanc of their officiaduties. Its contents may not othenwie be dislosed without Wodd Bank authnoroion. CURRENCYEQUIVALENTS Currency Unit = Indian Rupee (Rs) US$ 1.00 = Rs 17 Rs 1.00 - USS 0.059 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES Metric System FISCAL YEAR April 1 - March 31 ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS AID - United States Agency for International Development AP Andhra Pradesh AR , Anganwadi (Village ICDS Center) AWW = Anganwadi Worker CARE = Cooperative for American Relief Everywhere CDPO = Child Development Project Officer GOI Government of India ICDS = Integrated Child Development Services IEC - Information, Education and Communication IMR - Infant Mortality Rate LBW - Low birth weight MDM = Mid-day Meals Program MM - Mahila Mandal (women's society) NFI = Nutrition Foundation of India NGO = Non-government Organization NORAD Norwegian Agency for International Development NIPCCD = National Institute of Public Cooperation and Child Development NMP Noon Meals Program PDS Public Distribution System PMO Project Management Office SIDA Swedish International Development Agency SNP - Special Nutrition Program TINP - Tamil Nadu Integrated Nutrition Project UNICEF = United Nations Children's Fund WCD - Department of Women and Child Development, GOI WILL 'Women's Integrated Learning for Life program FOR OFCIAL USE ONLY - i - INDIA INTEGRATEDCHILD DEVELOPMENT SERVICES PROJECT Table of Contents Page No. LOANICREDITAND PROJECT SUMMARY .. -
Sociology ABSTRACT Marriage System Of
Research Paper Volume : 2 | Issue : 10 | OctoberSociology 2013 • ISSN No 2277 - 8179 Marriage System of Madia Gond Tribe KEYWORDS : Gond tribe, marriage in Bhamragad Maharashtra, India : A system, Bhamragad, marital status, Sociological Study Vidarbha region Dr. V. S. Irpate Registrar, Gondwana University, Gadchiroli Maharashtra, India ABSTRACT The paper succinctly describes the marriage system of Madia Gond Tribe in Gadchiroli District of Bham- ragad in Vidarbha region of Maharashtra. The survey of 500 families has been carried out and it was found that the status of families was 80% married, 9% unmarried , 2% separated, 4.6% divorced, 3% widow and 1.4% remarriage. The 8% women have premarital sex and choose husband of own choice. The Vidarbha region of Maharashtra state in India consists of 12 districts having a large proportion of tribal population in Gadchiroli 38.75 %, Chandrapur 19.70 % and Yeotmal 21.47 as compared to other districts. Bhamragad is a town, taluka and a district sub-division in Gadchiroli district where the Madia Gond Adivasis live, in the heart of the naxalite-affected region in Maharashtra. It was observed that there is normal marriage system as per custom. INTRODUCTION admits men and women to family life. Mujumdar which admit Madia Gonds or Madia are one of the endogamous gond tribe - living in Chandrapur and Gadchiroli district of Maharashtra and riage as “ a socially sanctioned union of male and female, or and Bastar division of Chattisgad. Madia Gonds have been granted females men and for purposeswomen to of family a) establishing life. Mujumdar(1985) a household defines ,b) entering mar the status of primitive tribe by the Government of Maharashtra into sex relations, c)procreating and ,d) providing care for the though distinct, do not from a separate tribe. -
The Wild Tribes of India
'J^»#N^y T vi.(.^'-^<-<- Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2010 with funding from University of Toronto http://www.archive.org/details/wildtribesofindiOOrown THE WILD TRIBES OF INDIA. -A J a KHEMi" PATH AN S ^ M TRIBES MAP Hu'!>rligu»*yi' ; \ THE WILD TRIBES OF INDIA BY HORATIO BICKERSTAFFE ROWNEY. ' Wherein of antres vast and deserts idle. Rough qua7-ries, rocks, and hills 'whose heads touch hcaveti. It 7vas my hint to speak And of the Cannibals that each other eat. The Anthropophagi, and men ivhose heads Do srroio beneath their shoulders.'''—OxHEl.LO. LONDON: THOS. DE LA RUE & CO. 1882 \The right of Translation and Reproduction is reserved. PRINTED BY THOMAS DE LA RUE AND CO., BUNHILL ROSV, f^ f/f ^ CONTENTS INTRODUCTORY REMARKS PART I. THE INTERNAL TRIBES. CHAPTER I. Tribes of the Central Provinces CHAPTER n. Tribes in Western India CHAPTER III. Tribes of Rajpootana and the Indian Desert . 50 CHAPTER IV. The Kolarian and other Races in Bengal ... 59 CHAPTER V. Tribes of the Madras Presidency 95 Vlll CONTENTS. PART II. THE FRONTIER TRIBES. CHAPTER I. J'AGE Tribes on the North-Westerx Frontier. .117 CHAPTER H. Tribes on the Northern Frontier 127 CHAPTER HI. Tribes on the North-Eastern Frontier .... 148 CHAPTER IV. Tribes on the Eastern Frontier 196 PART III. GENERAL REMARKS .... THE WILD TRIBES OF INDIA. INTRODUCTORY REMARKS. Without attaching much importance to the distinc- tions Aryan and Non-Aryan, it must be conceded that the population of India may be broadly arranged under two distinct divisions—namely, the Aboriginal and the Immigrant. -
AKBAR the GREAT Building Unity Through Inclusivity Akbar the Great
GREATS IN GOVERNANCE AKBAR THE GREAT Building Unity Through Inclusivity Akbar the Great The title of ‘Great’ is reserved for history’s most exceptional leaders. When in 1556 Abu’l-Fath Jalal- ud-din Muhammad Akbar, a child of only 14, inherited the contested Mughal domains of the north Indian subcontinent, there was little to indicate he would go on to expand, unite and enrich such a divided realm. Over the course of his 50-year reign, Akbar built a vast multicultural empire, marked by edicts that promoted inclusivity, unity and accountability. Akbar’s unprecedented fiscal, administrative and cultural reforms bore the hallmarks of a great and visionary leader. Akbar the Great Building Unity Through Inclusivity December 2019 This illustration depicts an attempt on the life of the Mughal emperor Akbar (r.1556–1605) at Delhi in 1564. Akbar is shown in white on horseback clutching an arrow. His retainers pursue the would-be assassins and kill one of them. GREATS IN GOVERNANCE Early Threats, Later Greatness he year is 1564, the young 22-year old Emperor Akbar rides on horseback through Delhi, returning from a visit to a local shrine. Suddenly the air is T pierced by screams of panic and horror. An arrow has struck the right shoulder of the Mughal Emperor - an attempt is being made to assassinate him. Guards scramble through the stalls and shops of the surrounding bazaar in their search for the culprit. In minutes, the man who shot the arrow from the balcony of a nearby madrasa is caught and executed before the wounded emperor. -
Schiffman, Harold F. TITLE Language and Society in South Asia. Final Report
DOCUMEKT RESUNE ED 127 806 PL 007 948 AUTHOR Shapiro, Michael C.; Schiffman, Harold F. TITLE Language and Society in South Asia. Final Report. INSTITUTION Institute of International Studies (DHEW/OE), Washington, D.C. BUREAU NO BR-110012HH PUB DATE Sep 75 CONTRACT OEC-0-74-2093 NOTE 380p. EDRS PRICE MF-$C.83 Hc-$20.75 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Asian Studies; *Bilingualism; Burmese; Cultural Context; *Dialects; Dialect Studies; Dravidian Languages; Language Classification; *Language Variation; Linguistic Borrowing; Multilingualism; Regional Dialects; Social Dialects; *Sociolinguistics; Tibetan IDENTIFIERS *Asia (South); *Code Switching; Indo Aryan Languages; Munda Languages; Tibeto Burman Languages ABSTRACT This work attempts to provide an overview of liuguistic diversity in South Asia and to place this diversity in a cultural context. The work tries to describe the current state of knowledge concerning socially conditioned language variation in the subcontinent. Each of five major language families contains numerous mutually intelligible and unintelligible dialects. Different dialects of a language may be required for 'written and spoken use and for different social groups. Bilingualism and multilingualism are common for communication between groups. Language choice is important for education, politics, radio and television. Chapter 2 of this book enumerates criteria used in the taxonomy of language forms, discussing a number of theories of dialect formation from the points of view of linguistic innovation and diffusion of linguistic change. Chapter 3 surveys literature on classification of South Asian languages. Chapter 4 considers South Asia as a distinct linguistic area and Chapter 5 evaluates literature on South Asian social dialects. Chapter 6 examines linguistic codes encompassing elements from more than one autonomous language. -
Self-Employment
SELF-EMPLOYMENT A Framework for Implementation National Rural Livelihood Mission Ministry of Rural Development Government of India SELF-EMPLOYMENT A Framework for Implementation National Rural Livelihood Mission Ministry of Rural Development Government of India June 22, 2016 Executive Summary MoRD has been thinking about a strategy to systematically bring panchayats out of poverty within a clear timeline. Given that 51% of the rural workforce is self-employed, there is a need to create a policy framework for holistically improving self-employment opportunities for the rural poor. In the light of the above, a framework document titled Self-Employment–A Framework for Implementation (No.J-11060/1/2016-RL) dated June 22nd, 2016 has been prepared after a consultation with state representatives in NIRD&PR in Hyderabad on January 9, 2016 and a national consultation in Delhi at Vigyan Bhawan on January 14, 2016. Before the document is taken up for formal consideration at the GoI level, it was thought necessary to seek the opinion of State governments. Accordingly, a copy of the framework document is hereby attached for your comments. The framework proposes a new scheme within the NRLM framework called the Grameen Swarozghar Yojana (GSY) that would be implemented through inter-departmental collaboration. The proposal is to ensure that self-employment, skill up-gradation, and efficient delivery of government schemes and entitlements lead to poverty-free panchayats within a definite timeline. The new scheme is proposed on 7 key principles: 1. Build on the strengths of previous efforts while avoiding it weaknesses 2. Build on the recent success of establishing high quality SHGs through the CRP strategy 3.