イラン・イスラム共和国 (Islamic Republic of Iran) 通信
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Download Being the Number of Sent Packets That Were Acknowledged As Received
Dimming the Internet Detecting Throttling as a Mechanism of Censorship in Iran Collin Anderson? [email protected] Abstract. In the days immediately following the contested June 2009 Presidential election, Iranians attempting to reach news content and so- cial media platforms were subject to unprecedented levels of the degra- dation, blocking and jamming of communications channels. Rather than shut down networks, which would draw attention and controversy, the government was rumored to have slowed connection speeds to rates that would render the Internet nearly unusable, especially for the consump- tion and distribution of multimedia content. Since, political upheavals elsewhere have been associated with headlines such as \High usage slows down Internet in Bahrain" and \Syrian Internet slows during Friday protests once again," with further rumors linking poor connectivity with political instability in Myanmar and Tibet. For governments threatened by public expression, the throttling of Internet connectivity appears to be an increasingly preferred and less detectable method of stifling the free flow of information. In order to assess this perceived trend and begin to create systems of accountability and transparency on such practices, we attempt to outline an initial strategy for utilizing a ubiquitious set of network measurements as a monitoring service, then apply such method- ology to shed light on the recent history of censorship in Iran. Keywords: censorship, national Internet, Iran, throttling, M-Lab 1 Introduction "Prison is like, there's no bandwidth." - Eric Schmidt1 The primary purpose of this paper is to assess the validity of claims that the international connectivity of information networks used by the Iranian public has been subject to substantial throttling based on a historical and correlated set of open measurements of network performance. -
Mashreq 2.0: Digital Transformation for Inclusive Growth and Jobs Washington, DC: World Bank License: Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO (CC by 3.0 IGO)
Mashreq 2.0: Public Disclosure Authorized Digital Transformation for Inclusive Growth and Jobs Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Mashreq Country Management Unit Digital Development Practice Middle East and North-Africa Region Infrastructure Vice Presidency The World Bank The World Bank © 2018 International Bank for Reconstitution and Development/The World Bank 1818 H Street, NW, Washington, D.C., 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000; Internet: www.worldbank.org Some Rights Reserved This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Nothing herein shall constitute or be considered to be a limitation upon or waiver of the privileges and immunities of The World Bank, or of any participating organization to which such privileges and immunities may apply, all of which are specifically reserved. Rights and Permission This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO license (CC BY 3.0 IGO) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo. Under the Creative Commons Attribution license, you are free to copy, distribute, transmit, and adapt this work, including for commercial purposes, under the following conditions: Attribution—Please cite the work as follows: World Bank. -
Mobinnet TELECOM TDD Development in Iran
MobinNet TELECOM TDD Development in Iran Sassan KomeiliZadeh - CMIO 17th GTI Workshop November 2016, Osaka, Japan Persepolis, Iran (515 BC) Agenda Iran, The Land of Opportunities 1 ICT Sector in Iran 2 MobinNet Telecom Key Figures 3 Roadmap Toward Success 4 MobinNet TD-LTE Network 5 17th GTI Workshop, Osaka, Tokyo Iran, The Land of Opportunities Iran From Space Iran Key Indicators Population Age Structure Area Province: 31 Urban : 71.5% 82.8 Million 15-24 : 18.7% 1.648.195 km2 County: 268 Rural : 28.5% Rank : 17th 25-54 : 46.1 % Rank : 18th City > 1200 Engineering Per World university No Of Families University Minimum Wage Capita: rankings: ارتباطات Month/$ بی 280سیم M Students: 4.4 M 21.1 1st in the world 8 in 800 GDP (Nominal) GDP Per Capita Electrical Energy Iran Stock Electricity Cost 416.6 B$ $4,769 Capacity Exchange Market 1.2 $/KWH Rank : 29th Rank: 96th 73.700 MW 117 B$ 17th GTI Workshop, Osaka, Tokyo Iran In The Heart of The World Mega Trends Iran in the heart of the Geopolitical mutation World Map Mutation Leverage Creativity for Generation Z is also present disruptive innovation and even more active in Iran Disruptive Socio-Demographic Innovation Metamorphosis Smart connected communities The embargo lift will impose will pre-require hyper connectivity a new economic paradigm Hyper Connectivity New Economic Paradigm Quickly Move to the Knowledge immaterial Urban expansion is economy to hedge against resource speculation expected to intensify Resource Scarcity Mega Urbanization Increased International pressure will be exerted -
Iranian Internet Infrastructure and Policy Report
SMALL MEDIA IRANIAN INTERNET INFRASTRUCTURE AND POLICY REPORT // January - February 2013 // www.smallmedia.org.uk This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported License 2 1 INTRODUCTION // As the June election approaches and the internal politics of the government becomes more continuous, Iran’s Internet connectivity, and the accessibility of uncensored information, con- tinues to deteriorate, reflecting offline crackdowns on the press. Prominent Persian-language websites and other online services have been filtered one by one, and communications with external platforms is becoming progressively more difficult. From a technical perspective, few things have been changed in recent months, and in this report we focus on the evolution of the infrastructure policies of the Telecommunication Company of Iran and Ministry of Information and Communications Technology, as well as the ramping up of the censorship of pro-government media. 2 POLICY DEVELOPMENTS content filtering and blocked sites · january - february: Persian-language music blogs, dating sites, digital securit information and movie download hubs are subject to increased filtering and content takedown orders. Sites hosted through Iranian-owned service providers, including those on foreign-based servers leased by companies such as Mihan Web Host, began to display notices that offending domain had been blocked by the Committee for Determining Examples of Criminal Web Content, advising the owner on how to appeal the takedown. Examples can be found on fullmusic4.ir, marshalsat.pro, num1vpn1.org, and myplus.ir. Contrary to initial reports, these domain names were not seized by the domain registrar or the country-level Internet registry, instead content was removed by the host company and a filtered page was posted in its place. -
Iran Telecom Market Review & Investment Opportunity Table of Contents
نشريه تخصصي كانون تفكر مخابرات ايران سال يازدهم، شماره 52 خرداد و تير 1395 Iran Telecom Market Review & Investment Opportunity Table of Contents Foreword ..............................................................................................................................2 IRAN AT A GLANCE ...........................................................................................................4 IRAN Economy ....................................................................................................................5 Iranian Telecom sector: History, Governance and Regulation .............................8 IRAN Mobile Market Review...........................................................................................11 Fixed Broadband Market in Iran ................................................................................... 15 IRAN FIXED MARKET DATA SHEET ........................................................................... 18 IRAN MOBILE MARKET DATA SHEET ........................................................................ 21 Revolution of Iranian Startups ....................................................................................22 MVNO Licensing in IRAN .............................................................................................. 24 Virtual Operators and Real Opportunities ............................................................. 24 Opportunities in Iranian Telecom Market ...............................................................26 How to do business in Iran successfully -
Samena Trends Exclusively for Samena Telecommunications Council's Members Building Digital Economies
Volume 08, October, 2017 A SAMENA Telecommunications Council Newsletter www.samenacouncil.org SAMENA TRENDS EXCLUSIVELY FOR SAMENA TELECOMMUNICATIONS COUNCIL'S MEMBERS BUILDING DIGITAL ECONOMIES Nokia’s 5G FIRST Solution 40 Delivering Value Where it Works 52 Exclusive Interview Ihab Hinnawi Group CEO Batelco THIS MONTH FAIR TAXATION NETS FOR OTTS AND TELECOM OPERATORS Convergence 4th December, 2017 Creating New Advantages THE for Industry SAVE Stakeholders DATE! Convergence to Kuwait 2017 will corroborate the need to engage stakeholders and delineate the roles that now need to be played by regulators and policy makers as an incentive for carrying out digital development investments, and for realizing new unique advantages that Chief Patron each stakeholder group should work toward achieving. In this highly competitive industry, it is important to take the lead and collaborate to allow the industry to continually push innovation to the next stage. It is crucial also to ensure that all spheres of the industry are analyzed, explored and tapped to identify a road map for progression. Telephone: +971.4.364.2700, Fax: +971.4.369.7513 Email: [email protected], www.samenacouncil.org VOLUME 08, OCTOBER, 2017 Contributing Editors Subscriptions Izhar Ahmad [email protected] SAMENA Javaid Akhtar Malik Advertising TRENDS Contributing Members [email protected] Huawei Editor-in-Chief Nokia SAMENA TRENDS Bocar A. BA [email protected] Publisher Tel: +971.4.364.2700 SAMENA Telecommunications Council CONTENTS 04 EDITORIAL 06 EXCLUSIVE INTERVIEW Ihab Hinnawi 13 REGIONAL & MEMBERS Group CEO UPDATES Batelco Members News Regional News 54 SATELLITE UPDATES Satellite News 64 WHOLESALE UPDATES The SAMENA TRENDS newsletter is Wholesale News wholly owned and operated by The SAMENA Telecommunications Council 68 (SAMENA Council). -
Tehran - Iran 31A 100
The 21st Int,l. Exhibition of Electronic, Computer & E - Commerce - 14 to 17 December 2015 Row Company Name Activity Telephone address website Hall No Booth No 1 Asiatech ADSL2+ 2182144000 No.290 - Beheshti St. - TEHRAN - IRAN www.asiatech.ir 31A 100 web design customer club loyalty programs SEO social No. 4 .Meraj st. Dadman Blv. Shahrak Gharb . 2 Mehryasan 88563566-9 www.mehryasan.com 31A 101 media marketing app mobile TEH . IRAN Conferencing Solutions , Video Tracking , Audio Unit 73 , No 47 , West Farzan St , Valiasr Ave, 3 Cimatech Samaneyeh Aria 2188887575 www.cimatech.biz 31A 102 Conference , Vidoe Conference Tehran , IRAN 19687 - Research, design and production of power electronics equipment. - Design and production of a wide range of 167 Noavari 16th St., Pardis Technology Park, 4 Fotrousi Electronics Research Center UPS (from 600VA to 1920kVA). - Design and 76250601 021 www.fotrousi.com 31A 103 Damavand Road, Tehran, Iran production of highest density modular UPS for data centers. - Design and production of cold molten salt 5 Tarahi Va Tolid Amak Kosha - 02188532715-20 - www.amakco.com 31A 104 No 30, 13 th St, Miremad St, Motahari St, 6 Cando IT training & implementing network and security projects 2143810 www.CanDo.ac 31A 105 Tehran, Iran No.8 - Paniz st. - North VafaAzar st. - East 7 Shahrad Network Adsl - Dedicate Bandwidth - IDC 2148650 www.shahrad.net 31A 106 Ferdows Blvd. - Sadeghie - Tehran - IR Iran. Unit 11 / No. 312 Pakistan St. Opposite 8 Nanotarasheh WiFi Solutions Provider & WiFi Distributor 88759770 nanowifi.ir 31A 107 Beheshti Ave. Tehran - Iran 9 MAJD ICT NGN CO Saas & Paas cloud computing 2188327995 3/f , # 102 , Karimkhanzand St. -
Updated Analysis of the Broadband Infrastructure in Asia Pacific October 2016
Updated Analysis of the Broadband Infrastructure in Asia Pacific October 2016 Working Paper 1 The Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP) serves as the United Nations’ regional hub promoting cooperation among countries to achieve inclusive and sustainable development. The largest regional intergovernmental platform with 53 Member States and 9 associate members, ESCAP has emerged as a strong regional think-tank offering countries sound analytical products that shed insight into the evolving economic, social and environmental dynamics of the region. The Commission’s strategic focus is to deliver on the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, which it does by reinforcing and deepening regional cooperation and integration to advance connectivity, financial cooperation and market integration. ESCAP’s research and analysis coupled with its policy advisory services, capacity building and technical assistance to governments aims to support countries’ sustainable and inclusive development ambitions. The shaded a reas of the map indicate ESCAP m embers and associate members. The cover: Image source and copyrights: https://pixabay.com 2 Disclaimer: The working papers of the Information and Communications Technology and Disaster Risk Reduction Division should not be reported as representing the views of the United Nations. The views expressed herein are those of the authors, and do not necessarily reflect the views of the United Nations. Working papers describe research in progress by the author(s) and are published to elicit comments and to further debate. This paper has been issued without formal editing and the designations employed and material presented do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. -
Download the Report
Iranian Internet Infrastructure and Policy Report August - September 2013 smallmedia.org.uk This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported License INTRODUCTION // At the time of the previous edition of the Iran Infrastructure report, the brief unblocking of Facebook and Twitter had prompted rampant speculation that the new administration of Hassan Rouhani had fulfilled its campaign promise of moderation for the Internet. Given that its electoral success, along with its subsequent communications push and charm offensive towards the West was so intertwined with social media, the role of these networks has changed considerably within a short period. Whereas four years ago such sites were blamed for promoting social and political discord, in the past few months the establishment has raced to reconcile the benefits of online participation and define new regulations, as Ministries and municipalities rush to make use of blocked networks The future of Iran’s Internet is deeper than whether one specific site is blocked: even the broader issues of content filtering, and its administration will be the product of the personalities, backgrounds and policies of those appointed to run the regulatory bodies of the country. Whereas the end of the Ahmadinejad era was marked by the appointment of a North Korean-educated General to head of the Ministry of Information and Communications Technology, Rouhani’s management originates from the Telecommunication Company of Iran, the Communications Regulatory Authority and other governmental telecommunications institutions. These appointments were matched with a reshuffling of appointments on the Supreme Council on Cyberspace and the Iran Telecommunication Research Center, as well as fresh progress on the reestablishment of bureaucratic control over the policy pro- cess that parallels more publicly recognized changes in ownership over foreign policy and nuclear issues. -
Iranian Internet Infrastructure and Policy Report
Iranian Internet Infrastructure and Policy Report June - July 2013 www.smallmedia.org.uk This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported License INTRODUCTION // In our previous, election edition of the Iranian Internet Infrastructure and Policy Report, we docu- ment the application and relaxation of controls on Internet connectivity and communications timed with the June 14 Presidential polls. Despite the introduction of new mechanisms to block tools used to bypass the filtering mechanism, by July the Internet had returned to its previous state of affairs that existed before February. From technical assessments and the reports of social media users, VPNs and circumvention software appears to operate normally for many, with specific restrictions still placed on the Tor network and unconfirmed reports of difficulties with Google’s Android services and Viber. Conflicting accounts of blocking (and unblocking), most likely reflect the decentralization of some forms of filtering down to the level of ISPs. Whereas Parsonline may feel legally authorized to remove restrictions on VPNs, Shatel and others may not. This theme follows for throttling, out- ages, attacks against users and the sporadic reports of the unfiltering of social networks that have occurred across the month. Consequently, this report focuses on Iran, the politics leading up to the transition of presidencies after the election and the refocusing of the state on non-technical, legal means of policing content. Collin Anderson (Editor) and Small Media 2 Content Filtering and Blocked Sites CONTENT FILTEriNG AND BLOCKED SITES june 29: The word ‘gigolo’ was reportedly blocked, causing incidental issues for Iranian Linux users attempting to install or update a similarly named software package used for managing network connections. -
Iranian Internet Infrastructure and Policy Report
Iranian Internet Infrastructure and Policy Report September - October 2013 smallmedia.org.uk This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported License INTroDUCTioN // In the previous edition of the Internet Infrastructure series, we focused on the individuals and themes evinced in the Rouhani Administration’s appointments to governmental positions related to information and telecommunications policy. However, statements from Ministry of Communi- cations officials reported by this series, such as Ali Hakimi Javadi and Mohammad Hassan Nami, have hinted at how little direct power the government has over the administration of the Internet. Two of these shadow organizations have captured the public’s attention, the Iranian Cyber Army and Cyber Police (FATA). The first organisation, formally known as the Police of the Space for the Production and Exchange of Information, has reached such a level of international notoriety that it was designated under the sanctions regimes of the United States and the European Union earlier this year for human rights abuses, particularly for its role in the brutal death of the blogger Sattar Beheshti. In this edition, we begin by attempting to shed a little light on the organization, looking at how it has evolved in the past year, and identifying some of its enforcement actions in recent times. We’ll then continue our objective of tracking the promises and policy debate of the Admin- istration, by following new claims on infrastructure development, and the rhetoric surrounding the filtering regime. Collin Anderson (Editor) and Small Media 2 The Iran Cyber Police (FATA) THE IRAN CYBER POLICE (FATA) a brief overview The Iranian Cyber Police ( FATA ) is the cyber crime unit of the Iranian national police force. -
Selected Websites Row URL Domain Name 1 Shatelland.Com Shatelland 2 Namava.Ir Namava 3 Shatel.Ir Shatel 4 Varzesh3.Com Varzesh3
Selected Websites Row URL Domain Name 1 Shatelland.com Shatelland 2 Namava.ir Namava 3 Shatel.ir Shatel 4 Varzesh3.com Varzesh3 5 Digikala.com Digikala 6 Aparat.com Aparat 7 Plus.ir TV Plus 8 Shaparak.ir Shaparak (Electronic Card Payment Network System) 9 Divar.ir Divar (Classified ads) 10 Tebyan.net Tebyan 11 Bankmellat.ir Mellat bank 12 Yjc.ir Young Journalists Club 13 Farsnews.com Fars News Agency 14 Blog.ir Blog 15 Tabnak.ir Tabnak 16 Mihanblog.com Mihan Blog 17 Persianblog.ir Persian Blog 18 Asriran.com Asr Iran 19 Bmi.ir Bank Melli Iran 20 Isna.ir Iranian Students News Agency 21 Khabaronline.ir Khabar Online 22 Rozblog.com Roz Blog 23 Mehrnews.com Mehr News Agency 24 Shahrekhabar.com Shahre Khabar 25 Zoomit.ir Zoomit 26 Tamin.ir Iranian Social Security Organisation 27 Mashreghnews.ir Mashregh 28 Uast.ac.ir University of Applied Science and Technology 29 1varzesh.com 1 varzesh 30 Bama.ir Ba Ma 31 Entekhab.ir Entekhab 32 90tv.ir 90 TV Program website 33 Irib.ir Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting 34 Enamad.ir e-trust seal 35 Jamnews.ir Jam News 36 Zarinpal.com Zarin Pal 37 Sanjesh.org Educational Testing Organization Of Iran 38 Namnak.com Namnak 39 Farafu.com Fararu 40 Persianv.com Persian V 41 Medu.ir Ministry of Education Comprehensive Information portal 42 Fardanews.com Farad News 43 Facenama.com Face Nama 44 Time.ir Time 45 Sheypoor.com Sheypoor 46 Popkade.ir Pop Kade 47 Irna.ir Islamic Republic News Agency 48 Cloob.com Cloob dot com 49 Tarafdari.com Tarafdari Sport Social Network 50 Bpi.ir Pasargad Bank 51 Irpopup.ir Iran pop