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189 Genus Cephetola Libert AFROTROPICAL BUTTERFLIES. MARK C. WILLIAMS. http://www.lepsocafrica.org/?p=publications&s=atb Updated 27 June 2021. Genus Cephetola Libert, 1999 Dark Flashes In: Libert, 1999. Révision des Epitola (l.s.): 141 (219 pp.). Type-species: Epitola cephena Hewitson, 1873, by original designation. The genus Cephetola belongs to the Family Lycaenidae Leach, 1815; Subfamily Poritiinae Doherty, 1886; Tribe Epitolini Jackson, 1962. The other genera in the Tribe Epitolini in the Afrotropical Region are Iridana, Teratoneura, Epitola, Cerautola, Hewitola, Geritola, Stempfferia, Deloneura, Batelusia, Tumerepedes, Pseudoneaveia, Neaveia, Epitolina, Hypophytala, Phytala, Neoepitola, Aethiopana, Hewitsonia, and Powellana. Cephetola (Dark Flashes) is a purely Afrotropical genus containing 69 species. Many, if not all, species are associated with arboreal Crematogaster ants, imagines often being found near ant-infested trees (Safian, 2015). The larvae of a few species have been found in the proximity of Crematogaster ants and a larva of C. collinsi has been observed entering the carton nest of the ants, indicating a strong myrmecophilous relationship (Safian, 2015). Males of several species may be observed displaying on hilltops at fixed times of the day (Libert, 1993, Congdon & Collins, 1998, Safian, 2015). Females are mostly seen flying around ant-trees or larger bushes, which are also visited by ants. Oviposition on branches and twigs of ant-trees by a few species has been noted (Safian, 2015). Note: Libert (1999) and D’Abrera (2009: 682) list Cephetola lamborni (Bethune-Baker, 1922) [Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 54: 461] as a nomen dubium. *Cephetola cephena (Hewitson, 1873) Cephena Epitola Epitola cephena Hewitson, 1873. Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine 10: 151 (149-151). Roche (1954) describes the male but this is actually a redescription of Cephetola mercedes (Suffert, 1904) (Jackson, 1962). Cephetola cephena (Hewitson, 1873). Libert, 1999 comb. nov. Cephetola cephena Hewitson, 1873. d’Abrera, 2009: 680. Cephetola cephena (Hewitson, 1873). Libert, 2020: 83. Type locality: Gabon: Holotype (female): Gabon (Rogers); in NHM, London. Distribution: Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon. Specific localities: Nigeria – Uzuakoli (Libert, 2020); Eket (Libert, 2020). Cameroon – Ebogo (Libert, 2020). Habitat: Forest. Habits: Nothing published. Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published. *Cephetola daveyi Libert, 2020 Cephetola daveyi Libert, 2020. Epitola l.s.: mise à jour de la Révision (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae); 84 (157 pp.; 15 plates). Published by the author. Type locality: Cameroon: Holotype (female): Lolodorf, VII 2013 (ABRI Leg.); BOLD: MLIB-1495; in 1 ABRI Collection, Nairobi. Allotype (male): Mt Mille, Lolodorf, III 2012 (ABRI Leg.); genitalia Libert 114-102; BOLD: MLIB-1482; in ABRI Collection, Nairobi. Distribution: Cameroon. Habitat: Nothing published. Habits: Nothing published. Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published. Cephetola daveyi daveyi Libert, 2020 Cephetola daveyi Libert, 2020. Epitola l.s.: mise à jour de la Révision (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae); 84 (157 pp.; 15 plates). Published by the author. Type locality: Cameroon: Holotype (female): Lolodorf, VII 2013 (ABRI Leg.); BOLD: MLIB-1495; in ABRI Collection, Nairobi. Allotype (male): Mt Mille, Lolodorf, III 2012 (ABRI Leg.); genitalia Libert 114-102; BOLD: MLIB-1482; in ABRI Collection, Nairobi. Distribution: Cameroon. Specific localities: Ghana – Lolodorf (TL); Mount Mille (Libert, 2020). Cephetola daveyi occidentalis Libert, 2020 Cephetola daveyi occidentalis Libert, 2020. Epitola l.s.: mise à jour de la Révision (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae); 85 (157 pp.; 15 plates). Published by the author. Type locality: Ghana: Holotype (male): Mate, II 2011 (ABRI Leg.); BOLD: MLIB-1785; in ABRI Collection, Nairobi. Allotype (female): Mate, Volta, IX 2011 (ABRI Leg.); BOLD: MLIB-0923; in ABRI Collection, Nairobi. Distribution: Ghana, Togo, ?Benin, Nigeria. Specific localities: Ghana – Mate (TL); Agona (Libert, 2020); Apemedi (Libert, 2020); Bonkro (Libert, 2020); Tano Ofin (Libert, 2020); Sanko (Libert, 2020); Amedzofe (Libert, 2020); Hohoe (Libert, 2020); Biakpa- Avatime (Safian et al., 2012); Kakum (Safian et al., 2012); Bobiri (Safian et al., 2012). Togo – Kloto (Libert, 2020); Kpalime (Libert, 2020) Nigeria – Gambari (Libert, 2020); Vom (Libert, 2020); Jos Plateau (Libert, 2020). *Cephetola doleta (Kirby, 1890) Epitola doleta Kirby, 1890. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (6) 6: 273 (261-274). Synonym of C. cephena (Hewitson, 1873). Libert, 1999. Cephetola doleta (Kirby, 1890). Libert, 2020: 86, stat. rev. Type locality: Sierra Leone: “Sierra Leone”. Lectotype (male) designated by Libert (2020: 86): Sierra Leone (Preuss); Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin. Distribution: Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast. Specific localities: Guinea – Fouta Djalon (Libert, 2020); Labe (Libert, 2020). Sierra Leone – Gola Forest (Belcastro & Larsen, 2006: 34); Mabang (Libert, 2020); Moyamba (Libert, 2020). Liberia – Nimba Mountains (Safian, 2014: 53). Ivory Coast – Banco (Libert, 2020); Bayota (Libert, 2020); Mt Peko (Libert, 2020); Mt Sangbe (Libert, 2020); Tiassale (Libert, 2020); Abidjan (Libert, 2020). Habitat: Nothing published. 2 Habits: Nothing published. Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published. pinodoides Grose-Smith & Kirby, 1893. In Grose-Smith & Kirby, 1892-7 (as sp. of Epitola). Rhopalocera exotica, being illustrations of new, rare and unfigured species of butterflies 2: 85 (261 pp.). London. Sierra Leone: “Mocquerys”. Given as a good species of Epitola by Ackery et al., 1995: 524. Synonymized with Cephetola cephena by Libert, 1999. leonina Bethune-Baker, 1903 (as sp. of Phytala). Annals and Magazine of Natural History (7) 12: 328 (324-334). Sierra Leone: “Sierra Leone”. leonensis Bethune-Baker, 1904 (as sp. of Epitola). Annals and Magazine of Natural History (7) 14: 227 (222-233). Sierra Leone: “Sierra Leone”. *Cephetola entebbeana (Bethune Baker, 1926) Epitola entebbeana Bethune-Baker, 1926. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (9) 17: 392 (384-402). Cephetola cephena entebbeana (Bethune-Baker, 1926). Libert, 1999 comb. nov. Cephetola cephena entebbeana Bethune-Baker, 1926. d’Abrera, 2009: 680. Cephetola entebbeana (Bethune-Baker, 1926). Libert, 2020: 88, stat. rev. Cephetola cephena entebbeana. Male. Left – upperside; right – underside. Radio Hill, Mabira Forest, Uganda. 14 June, 2009. J. & C. Dobson. Images M.C.Williams ex Dobson Collection. Type locality: [Uganda]: “Entebbe”. Distribution: Uganda, Tanzania (north-west). Specific localities: Uganda – Entebbe (TL); Bwamba (Libert, 2020); Mbale (Libert, 2020); Buddo (Libert, 2020); Mpanga Mpigi (Libert, 2020); Radio Hill, Mabira Forest (male illustrated above). Tanzania – Kere Hill, Minziro Forest (common) (Congdon & Collins, 1998). Habitat: Nothing published. Habits: Nothing published. Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published. *Cephetola cephenoides Libert, 2020 Cephetola cephenoides Libert, 2020. Epitola l.s.: mise à jour de la Révision (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae); 89 (157 pp.; 15 plates). Published by the author. Type locality: Democratic Republic of Congo: Holotype (male): Mapimbi, II 2014 (ABRI Leg.); BOLD: MLIB-1806; in ABRI Collection, Nairobi. Allotype (female): Maliva, N. Kivu, I 2015 (ABRI Leg.); BOLD: MLIB-2019; in ABRI Collection, Nairobi. 3 Distribution: Democratic Republic of Congo (north-east), Uganda. Specific localities: Democratic Republic of Congo – Mapimbi (TL); Maliva (Libert, 2020); Mbau (Libert, 2020); Mt Mitumba (Libert, 2020); Kasugho (Libert, 2020). Uganda – Bwamba (Libert, 2020). Habitat: Nothing published. Habits: Nothing published. Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published. *Cephetola maculata (Hawker-Smith, 1926) Macular Epitola Epitola maculata Hawker-Smith, 1926. Revue Zoologique Africaine 14: 240 (237-241). Cephetola maculata (Hawker-Smith, 1926). Libert, 1999 comb. nov. Cephetola maculata Hawker-Smith, 1926. d’Abrera, 2009: 684. Cephetola maculata (Hawker-Smith), 1926. Libert, 2020: 92. Type locality: [Democratic Republic of Congo]: Holotype (male): Elizabetha, near Basoko, (Mme Tinant); MRAC, Tervuren, Belgium. Distribution: Ivory Coast, Cameroon, Congo, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda. Recorded, in error, from Ivory Coast by Larsen (2005a) and Congo (Jackson, 1964). Specific localities: Cameroon – Mekas (Libert, 2020); Dja (Libert, 2020) Democratic Republic of Congo – Elisabehta, near Basoko (TL); Ituri Forest (Ducarme, 2018); Mt Mitumba (Ducarme, 2018); Biakatu (Libert, 2020); Epulu-RFO (Libert, 2020); Kasugho (Libert, 2020); Kasuo (Libert, 2020); Kenge (Libert, 2020); Kithokolo (Libert, 2020); Maliva (Libert, 2020); Mambungu (Libert, 2020); Vhovho (Libert, 2020). Uganda – Bwamba (Libert, 2020). Habits: A rare species in West Africa, with only about a dozen specimens known from Ivory Coast (Larsen, 2005a). Habits: Nothing published. Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published. Note: There is a possibility that the populations in Ivory Coast represent an undescribed taxon that is an Ivory Coast endemic, should it be genuinely absent from the countries between the Ivory Coast and Congo (Larsen, 2005a). *Cephetola pulchra (Jackson, 1964) Phytala pulchra Jackson, 1964. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) (Entomology) 15: 65 (59-80). Cephetola pulchra (Jackson, 1964). Libert, 2020: 93, stat. rev. Type locality: Congo: Holotype
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