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Los Muscoidea De La Región Etiópica

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Los Muscoidea De La Región Etiópica UNIVERSIDAD COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS Sección de Biológicas. TESIS DOCTORAL Los muscoidea de la región etiópica MEMORIA PARA OPTAR AL GRADO DE DOCTOR PRESENTADA POR Pilar Ortega Nuñez Madrid, 2015 © Pilar Ortega Nuñez, 1971 5 9 5 . r R T UNIVEI - ! ' ü COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS LOS MUSCOIDEA DE LA REGION ETIOPICA MEMORIA PRESENTADA PARA ASPIRAR AL GRADO DE DOCTOR EN CIENCIAS Por Pilar Ortega Nunez PRIMERA PARTE P. 25.0 1 3 Dirigida por el Prof. Dr. S.V. PERIS TORRES ÜNIVERSIDAD COMPLUTENSE FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS DE MADRID LOS MUSCOIDEA DE LA REGION ETIOPICA MEMORIA PRESENTADA PARA ASPIRAR AL GRADO DE DOCTOR EN CIENCIAS Por Pilar Ortega Nûnez Dirigida por el Prof. Dr. S.V.PERIS TORRES Mi sincere agradecimiento: A1 Profesor Dr. S.V. PERIS TORRES, Catedràtico de Zoologla (Artrdpodos) de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Universidad Com- plutense, bajo cuya direccidn ha side efectuado este trabajo, que puso a mi disposicidn una coleccidn de 3500 ejemplares de Muscoidea etiôpicos del Museo del Africa Central de Tervuren (Bélgica), en depdsito en su câtedra, y cuyos consejos, obser- vaciones y directrices han hecho posible su realizacidn. Al Profesor P. MAYOR ZARAGOZA, Jefe del Departamento de Bio- qulmica y Biologia Molecular de la Universidad Autdnoma de Ma­ drid, que en todo memento me ha otorgado las mâximas facilida- des para que el presente trabajo pudiera llevarse a cabo. A la Dra. R. MANSO MARTINEZ, Profesor Agregado del mismo depar- tamento, siempre dispuesta a facilitarme mi trabajo. A1 Dr. P. BASILEWSKY, Jefe del Institute de Entomologia del Museo del Africa Central de Tervuren (Bélgica), por su excelen- te acogida durante mi asistencia a dicho museo, y por haber pues- to a mi disposicidn todo el material relacionado con mi traba­ jo que habfa en el mencionado centre, y que compléta el deposi- tado en la Càtedra de Artrdpodos. Al Dr. DEOELLES, Jefe de la Seccidn de Dlpteros del Museo del Africa Central, as! come al Dr. LBLEOT, por la ayuda y atencio- nes que me prestaron durante el estudio de los ejemplares que se enouentran en dicha seccidn. Y a mi hijo AGÜSTIN, por su valiosa colaboracidn en la reali­ zacidn de los mapas y dibujos. INDICE Pagina INTBO DUCCIO N ................ .1 ....... 1 Material y explicacion de les* términos. ...... 5 Caractères y clasificacion general............... 7 La clasificacion de los Muscoidea................ 9 Clave propue sta para la separacion de grandes grupos l8 Biologia...................................... 32 Pamilia Anthomyiidae............................ 37 Clave de géneros. ................... 38 Clave de las especies etiopicas de Emmesomyia 43 " " " " " " Anthomyia 48 " '* '• ” " " Pegomyia....... 55 " ” ” " ” " Eustalomyia 58 H " '* " ” Kylemyia...... 60 Pamilia Muscidae Subfamilia Panniinae ...... 74 Clave de las especies etiopicas de Pannia. .... 75 Subfamilia Coenosiinae......... 80 Clave de gêneros ........ 81 Clave de las especies etiopicas de Amicita........ 88 ” ” " " Andersonosia... 90 " " " " " Atherigona. 91 ” los grupos y especies aisladas de Caricea etiopicas.................... ....... 120 del grupo Caricea.vittata.................... 129 " ” " humilis.................... 135 " " tigrina.......... 139 " " strigipes....................... 141 " " calopoda........ 146 ■Dagina Clave del grupo Caricea rebmaiini ................... .'-155 " *' ” " niveifrons ................ 158 ” " " ” semifumosa.......... 169 " de las especies etiopicas de Coenosia........ 177 ” de las especies etiopicas de Pygopbora ....... l82 " " " " " " Lispocephala 184 " " " " ” ” Fectiniseta 186 ” ” " ” ” ” Microcalyptra 187 Subfamilia Mydaeinae Tribu Limnophorini Subtribu Limncphoriiia ........................... 189 ■ Clave de géneros ............................... 190 ” ” las. especies etiopicas de Limnophora...... 194 " ” " " ” ” Camptotarsopoda... 220 " ” " ” ' " " Prohydrotaea 222 " " ” " ” " Spilogona....... 223 ” " " " " ” Gymnodia........ 234 " " ” " " ” Xenomyia......... 247 Subtribu Craphomyjna ................. .......... ,... 255 Clave de las especies etiopicas de Graphomyia ...... 255 SubtribuLispina .................................. 263 Clave de géneros ......._.......................... 263 Clave de las especies etiopicas de Lispe ........... 264 Tribu Mydaeini ............ ......... ..... '....... 279 Clave de géneros ......... 280 Clave de las especies etiopicas de Helina.......... 284 ” ” ” " ” del subgenero Euspilaria 322 " ” " '• " ” ” Hebecnema 325 " " " " " ”■ " Helinella 327 Pagina ^lave de las especies etiopicas de M y d a e a....... 332 ■ " " " " ” " Dimorphia....... 339 VOL. II Subfamilia Muscinae Tribu Aethiopomyiini ..... ;................ 342 Clave de géneros ................................. 342 ” " especies de Alluaudinella................. 343 " " ” " Aethiopomyia 345 Tribu Dichaetomyini .............................. 347 Clave de las especies etiopicas de Dichaetomyia y Panaga 347 Tribu Phaoniini .................................. 367 Clave de géneros .............................. 370 " ” las especies etiopicasde Kydrotaea ........ 373 " " » ’• " '• O p h y r a.......... 384 ” " " " " '• Phaonia......... 385 Inventario de géneros, subgéneros, especies y subespecies.................................. 395 Incertae sedis ............................. 467 Consideraciones biogeograficas .................... 475 Tablas de distribution de los Muscoidea etiopicos.. 484 Relaciones de la region etiopica con otras regiones zoogeograücas............... '.................. 516 Relaciones de las subregiones etiopicas entre si... 523 " ” los Muscoideas de las islas etiopicas con los continentales y los extraetiopicos ....... 534 Conclusiones ..................................... 539 Bibliografia....................................... 543 Figuras ...................................... GEHERALIDADES INTPODliCGICN Los Muscoidea de la region etiopica han sido es- tudiados por diversos autores, entre los que desteoan BEZZI, BIGOT, CURRAIr, EMLM, LOEW, MACQÜABT, MALLOCH, PATERSON, RONLANI, SEGUY, SNYDER, STEIN, WIEDEMALIN, y otros niuchos, que que dan resenados en la bibliografia general de este trabajo. La mayor parte de estos estudios se han hecho a partir del material recogido en diverses expediciones realizadas en el territorio africano, o en otros lugares también etiopicos o en proxima relacion con esta region, las principales de las eusles son resehadas a continuation: 1884.: Viaje del Prof. Magretti al Sudan Oriental. Los ejem plares recogidos fueron estudiados por BIGOT, 1884, Bull. Soc, Ent. Fr. 6 , 4, p. 58 1886.: Viaje de M. Alluaud al territorio de Assinie (Africa Occidental; el estudio del material recogido fue rea- lizado por BIGOT, 1891, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. 60, p. 381 1898.: Expedicion a Egipto de Becker, con estudio del mate­ rial recogido por BECKER 1903, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berl, 2 p. 67 1910.: Expedicion sueca a Kilimaidiaro - Meru. El material re­ cogido fue estudiado por SPEISER, 1910, Kilimand-Meru., Exp., Abt 10, 5, Musc.P-l59. 1911.: Expedicion de Alluaud y Jeannel a Africa 0 ri entai; e1 , estudio del material recogido fue realizado por, STEIN, 1914, Diptera, 4, p. I0l. ; 1926.: Expedicion entomologica a Abisinia por Hugh Scott y J. Omer-Cooper; el estudio del material recogido fue realizado por EMDEM, 1941, Ann-. Mt'ig. N. H. (il) 8, p. 210 1934.: Ruv/enzori Expedition, en la que el numéro de ejem­ plares reunidos fue verdaderamente elevado, y su es­ tudio realizado por EMDEN, 1939, 1940, 1951, es la principal contribution existante en la actualidad al conocimiento de las formas etiopicas de los Muscoidea. ■ Expedicion de L. Chopard a Argelia y a la Costa de Marfil, material recogido y estudiado por SEGUY, 1940, Ann. Soc, Ent. E. 109, p. 120 1937.: Expedicion a S.W. de Arabia por el Dr. Scott y Mr, Britton; estudio el material recogido EMDEIT. 1948, Brit. Mus. N. H. 1 p. I6l. 1948.: Expedicion a los Montes Kilimandjaro, por Dr. Salt; el material recogido fue estudiado por EMMB, 1951, Ann. Mag. N . H. (i2)4, p. 786. 1951.: Expedicion zoologies, alemana a Africa Oriental, grupo Lindner; el estudio del material recogido fue hecho por PATERSON, 1956, Beitr. Ent, 6, p. 154. 1952.: Viaje al alto Siemen (Norte de Etiopia) realizado por Hugh Scott, habiendo estudiado el material re­ cogido EMDEN, 1959; J. of Liin. Soc. Zool. 44;r-296 p. 186. 1953.: Expedicion realizada a las Islas de Cabo Vei'de por el Prof. Hakan Lindberg. El estudio del material recogido fue realizado por EMDEN, 1958, Comm. Biol. 20,1. p. 1. 1953 .: Expedicion de P. Basilewsky a Ruanda-Urundi. El ma­ terial recogido fue estudiado por VAN EMDEN, 1956, Ann.. Mus. Congo, 51, p. 50 6 1959.: Expedicion Peris-Alvarez a la isla de Annobon (Guinea Espahola). El estudio del material recogido fue hecho por PERIS, 1963, Bol. R.Soc. Esp. H.N. 61, p. 101 La finalidad del présente trabajo es: a) Bar las claves para la identificacion de las formas etiopi cas de los Muscoidea, comenzando con una clave general para la separacion de grandes grupos (fa^ilias, subfamilias, tribus y subtribus), continuando con las claves para la identificacion de géneros, y finalizando con aquellas que sirven para identificar especies. No ha sido posible la inclusion de todas las especies conocidas en las claves, en unes casos por no haber dispuesto de material y en otros por presenter caractères que podrian situarlas en diversos puntos. Al final de cada clave de especies se ^sehalan estos casos concretes. b ) Bar la lista de los Muscoidea de Id regidn etidpica, incluyendo Madagascar e islas adyacentes,
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