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Future Supply of Oil and Gas from the Gulf of Mexico
Future Supply of Oil and Gas From the Gulf of Mexico U.S. GEOLOGICAL SUltyEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 1294 Future Supply of Oil and Gas From the Gulf of Mexico By E. D. Attanasi and]. L. Haynes U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 1294 An engineering-economic costing algorithm combined with a discovery process model to forecast long-run incremental costs of undiscovered oil and gas UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1983 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR JAMES G. WATT, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Dallas L. Peck, Director Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Attanasi, E. D. Future supply of oil and gas from the Gulf of Mexico. (U.S. Geological Survey professional paper ; 1294) Bibliography: p. 1. Petroleum in submerged lands Mexico, Gulf of. 2. Gas, Natural, in submerged lands Mexico, Gulf of. I. Haynes, J. (John), 1954- . II. Title. III. Series: Geological Survey professional paper ; 1294. TN872.A5A87 1983 553.2'8'0916364 83-600030 ____ ____________ For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 CONTENTS Page Abstract 1 Introduction 1 Engineering-economic model 3 Methodology 3 Engineering data and assumptions 5 Field classification 5 Field design 6 Production schedules of oil and nonassociated gas wells 7 Economic assumptions and variables 8 Field development costs 8 Production costs and production related taxes 9 Assumptions for after-tax net present value calculations 10 Exploration costs 10 Industry behavior and market conditions 10 Forecasting future discoveries 11 Discovery process model 11 Estimated marginal cost functions for undiscovered recoverable oil and gas resources in the Gulf of Mexico 12 Conclusions and implications 16 References cited 16 Appendix A 17 Appendix B 20 ILLUSTRATIONS FIGURE 1. -
A Captive Island Kaliningrad Between MOSCOW and the EU
41 A CAPTIVE ISLAND KAlInIngRAD bETWEEn MOSCOW AnD ThE EU Jadwiga Rogoża, Agata Wierzbowska-Miazga, Iwona Wiśniewska NUMBER 41 WARSAW JULY 2012 A CAPTIVE ISLAND KALININGRAD BETWEEN MOSCOW AND THE EU Jadwiga Rogoża, Agata Wierzbowska-Miazga, Iwona Wiśniewska © Copyright by Ośrodek Studiów Wschodnich im. Marka Karpia / Centre for Eastern Studies CONTENT EDITORS Adam Eberhardt, Marek Menkiszak EDITORS Katarzyna Kazimierska, Anna Łabuszewska TRANSLATION Ilona Duchnowicz CO-OPERATION Jim Todd GRAPHIC DESIGN PARA-BUCH CHARTS, MAP, PHOTOGRAPH ON COVER Wojciech Mańkowski DTP GroupMedia PuBLISHER Ośrodek Studiów Wschodnich im. Marka Karpia Centre for Eastern Studies ul. Koszykowa 6a, Warsaw, Poland Phone + 48 /22/ 525 80 00 Fax: + 48 /22/ 525 80 40 osw.waw.pl ISBN 978–83–62936–13–7 Contents KEY POINTS /5 INTRODUCTION /8 I. KALININGRAD OBLAST: A SUBJECT OR AN OBJECT OF THE F EDERATION? /9 1. THE AMBER ISLAND: Kaliningrad today /9 1.1. Kaliningrad in the legal, political and economic space of the Russian Federation /9 1.2. Current political situation /13 1.3. The current economic situation /17 1.4. The social situation /24 1.5. Characteristics of the Kaliningrad residents /27 1.6. The ecological situation /32 2. AN AREA UNDER SPECIAL SURVEILLANCE: Moscow’s policy towards the region /34 2.1. The policy of compensating for Kaliningrad’s location as an exclave /34 2.2. The policy of reinforcing social ties with the rest of Russia /43 2.3. The policy of restricted access for foreign partners to the region /45 2.4. The policy of controlling the region’s co-operation with other countries /47 3. -
The Economic Impacts of the Gulf of Mexico Oil and Natural Gas Industry
The Economic Impacts of the Gulf of Mexico Oil and Natural Gas Industry Prepared For Prepared By Executive Summary Introduction Despite the current difficulties facing the global economy as a whole and the oil and natural gas industry specifically, the Gulf of Mexico oil and natural gas industry will likely continue to be a major source of energy production, employment, gross domestic product, and government revenues for the United States. Several proposals have been advanced recently which would have a major impact on the industry’s activity levels, and the economic activity supported by the Gulf of Mexico offshore oil and natural gas industry. The proposals vary widely, but for the purpose of this report three scenarios were developed, a scenario based on a continuation of current policies and regulations, a scenario examining the potential impacts of a ban on new offshore leases, and a scenario examining the potential impacts of a ban on new drilling permits approvals in the Gulf of Mexico. Energy and Industrial Advisory Partners (EIAP) was commissioned by the National Ocean Industry Association (NOIA) to develop a report forecasting activity levels, spending, oil and natural gas production, supported employment, GDP, and Government Revenues in these scenarios. The scenarios developed in this report are based solely upon government and other publicly available data and EIAP’s own expertise and analysis. The study also included profiles of NOIA members to demonstrate the diverse group of companies which make up the offshore Gulf of Mexico oil and natural gas industry as well as a list of over 2,400 suppliers to the industry representing all 50 states. -
The Development of New Trans-Border Water Routes in the South-East Baltic: Methodology and Practice Kropinova, Elena G.; Anokhin, Aleksey
www.ssoar.info The development of new trans-border water routes in the South-East Baltic: methodology and practice Kropinova, Elena G.; Anokhin, Aleksey Veröffentlichungsversion / Published Version Zeitschriftenartikel / journal article Empfohlene Zitierung / Suggested Citation: Kropinova, E. G., & Anokhin, A. (2014). The development of new trans-border water routes in the South-East Baltic: methodology and practice. Baltic Region, 3, 121-136. https://doi.org/10.5922/2079-8555-2014-3-11 Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Dieser Text wird unter einer Free Digital Peer Publishing Licence This document is made available under a Free Digital Peer zur Verfügung gestellt. Nähere Auskünfte zu den DiPP-Lizenzen Publishing Licence. For more Information see: finden Sie hier: http://www.dipp.nrw.de/lizenzen/dppl/service/dppl/ http://www.dipp.nrw.de/lizenzen/dppl/service/dppl/ Diese Version ist zitierbar unter / This version is citable under: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0168-ssoar-51373-9 E. Kropinova, A. Anokhin This article offers an integrative ap- THE DEVELOPMENT proach to the development of trans-border water routes. Route development is analy- OF NEW TRANS-BORDER sed in the context of system approach as in- WATER ROUTES tegration of geographical, climatic, mea- ning-related, infrastructural, and market- IN THE SOUTH-EAST ing components. The authors analyse the Russian and European approaches to route BALTIC: METHODOLOGY development. The article focuses on the in- stitutional environment and tourist and rec- AND PRACTICE reational resources necessary for water route development. Special attention is paid to the activity aspect of tourist resour- * ces. At the same time, the development of Ö. -
Impact of the Artificial Strait in the Vistula Spit on the Hydrodynamics
water Article Impact of the Artificial Strait in the Vistula Spit on the Hydrodynamics of the Vistula Lagoon (Baltic Sea) Michał Szydłowski * , Tomasz Kolerski and Piotr Zima Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gda´nskUniversity of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gda´nsk,Poland; [email protected] (T.K.); [email protected] (P.Z.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +48-58-347-1809 Received: 25 March 2019; Accepted: 8 May 2019; Published: 10 May 2019 Abstract: In the Vistula Lagoon, storm surges are induced by variable sea levels in the Gulf of Gda´nsk and wind action. The rising of the water level in the southern part of the basin, exceeding 1.0 m above mean sea level, can be dangerous for the lowland area of Zuławy˙ Elbl ˛askie,causing the inundation of the polders adjacent to the lagoon. One of the potential possibilities to limit the flood risk is to decrease the water level in the lagoon during strong storm surges by opening an artificial canal to join the lagoon with the Gulf of Gda´nsk.The decision to build a new strait in the Vistula Spit was made in 2017. In order to analyze the impact of the artificial connection between the sea and the lagoon during periods of high water stages in the southern part the lagoon, mathematical modelling of the hydrodynamics of the Vistula Lagoon is required. This paper presents the shallow water equations (SWEs) model adapted to simulate storm surges driven by the wind and sea tides, and the numerical results obtained for the present (without the new strait) and future (with the new strait) configuration of the Vistula Lagoon. -
Why Kaliningrad Region?
Kaliningrad region Government NEW OPPORTUNITIES FOR BUISNESS DEVELOPMENT GENERAL INFORMATION MAXIMUM LENGTH NORWAY OF THE TERRITORY SWEDEN ESTONIA 108 КМ 108 LATVIA RUSSIA KALININGRAD LITHUANIA 15.1 REGION 205 КМ THS КМ² REGION IRELAND TERRITORY BELARUS ADMINISTRATIVE CENTER GERMANY POLAND 22 ENGLAND CITIES KALININGRAD >480 CHECH UKRAINE THOUSAND PEOPLE SLOVAKIA AUSTRIA MAIN CITIES FRANCE HUNGARY SOVETSK BALTIYSK SWITZERLAND ROMANIA >40K PEOPLE >36K PEOPLE CHERNYAKHOVSK GUSEV ITALY >37K PEOPLE >28K PEOPLE SVETLOGORSK >22K PEOPLE SPAIN BULGARIA PORTUGALPORRTUGALR Kaliningrad region Government GREECE POPULATION 60% WORKING-AGE POPULATION > 1 MIL PEOPLE DATED 01/08/2018 >10 THOUSAND PEOPLE PER YEAR >4.5 MIGRATION THOUSAND 5.2% GROWTH GRADUATES ANNUALLY UNEMPLOYMENT RATE >66 PEOPLE PER KM2 13 POPULATION DENSITY HIGHER EDUCATION 12TH PLACE IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION INSTITUTIONS Kaliningrad region Government ECONOMIC 524 $ 102 $ PERFORMANCE 33 536 ₶ 6 579 ₶ PER MONTH М2 PER YEAR AVERAGE SALARY RENTAL PRIСE FOR COMMERCIAL AND OFFICE 10.2 PROPERTIES BN $ 0.06 $ 400 $ 3.7 25 800 ₶ 641.58 BN ₶ kWh PER YEAR FOREIGN TRADE ELECTRICITY PRICE INTERNET PRICE TURNOVER 0.02 $ 2018 1.2 ₶ PER MIN OUTGOING CALLS 7. 2 2.08 0.74 $ 48 ₶ BN $ BN $ PER LITER 417.4 BN ₶ 130.5 BN ₶ PRICE OF GASOLINE GROSS INVESTMENTS CAPITAL REGIONAL DONE BY PRODUCT ORGANIZATIONS 2017 2018 Kaliningrad region Government SPECIAL ECONOMIC ZONE >129 1 BN ₶ MIL ₶ SEZ REGIME COVERS 2 BN $ 0.02 MIL $ THE WHOLE REGION SEZ REGIME IS REGULATED TOTAL AMOUNT MINIMUM BY THE REGIONAL AUTHORITIES -
Argus Nefte Transport
Argus Nefte Transport Oil transportation logistics in the former Soviet Union Volume XVI, 5, May 2017 Primorsk loads first 100,000t diesel cargo Russia’s main outlet for 10ppm diesel exports, the Baltic port of Primorsk, shipped a 100,000t cargo for the first time this month. The diesel was loaded on 4 May on the 113,300t Dong-A Thetis, owned by the South Korean shipping company Dong-A Tanker. The 100,000t cargo of Rosneft product was sold to trading company Vitol for delivery to the Amsterdam-Rotter- dam-Antwerp region, a market participant says. The Dong-A Thetis was loaded at Russian pipeline crude exports berth 3 or 4 — which can handle crude and diesel following a recent upgrade, and mn b/d can accommodate 90,000-150,000t vessels with 15.5m draught. 6.0 Transit crude Russian crude It remains unclear whether larger loadings at Primorsk will become a regular 5.0 occurrence. “Smaller 50,000-60,000t cargoes are more popular and the terminal 4.0 does not always have the opportunity to stockpile larger quantities of diesel for 3.0 export,” a source familiar with operations at the outlet says. But the loading is significant considering the planned 10mn t/yr capacity 2.0 addition to the 15mn t/yr Sever diesel pipeline by 2018. Expansion to 25mn t/yr 1.0 will enable Transneft to divert more diesel to its pipeline system from ports in 0.0 Apr Jul Oct Jan Apr the Baltic states, in particular from the pipeline to the Latvian port of Ventspils. -
A Seismic-Reflection Investigation of Gas Hydrates and Sea-Floor Features
A seismic-reflection investigation of gas hydrates and sea-floor features of the upper continental slope of the Garden Banks and Green Canyon regions, northern Gulf of Mexico: Report for cruise G1-99-GM (99002) by Alan Cooper1, David Twichell2, Patrick Hart1 Open-File Report 99-570 1999 This report is preliminary and has not been reviewed for conformity with U.S. Geological Survey editorial standards or with the North American Stratigraphic Code. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 1Menlo Park, California 2Woods Hole, Massachusetts Introduction During April 1999, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) conducted a 13-day cruise in the Garden Banks and Green Canyon regions of the Gulf of Mexico (Figures 1 and 2). The R/V Gyre, owned by Texas A&M University, was chartered for the cruise. The general objectives were (1) to acquire very high resolution seismic-reflection data and side-scan sonar images of the upper and middle continental slope (200-1200-m water depths), (2) to study the acoustic character and features of the sea floor for evidence of sea-floor hazards, and (3) to look for evidence of subsurface gas hydrates and their effects. The Gulf of Mexico is well known for hydrocarbon resources, with emphasis now on frontier deep-water areas. For water depths greater than about 250 m, the pressure-termperature conditions are correct for the development of shallow-subsurface gas hydrate formation (Anderson et al., 1992). -
Statoil Business Update
Statoil US Onshore Jefferies Global Energy Conference, November 2014 Torstein Hole, Senior Vice President US Onshore competitively positioned 2013 Eagle Ford Operator 2012 Marcellus Operator Williston Bakken 2011 Stamford Bakken Operator Marcellus 2010 Eagle Ford Austin Eagle Ford Houston 2008 Marcellus 1987 Oil trading, New York Statoil Office Statoil Asset 2 Premium portfolio in core plays Bakken • ~ 275 000 net acres, Light tight oil • Concentrated liquids drilling • Production ~ 55 kboepd Eagle Ford • ~ 60 000 net acres, Liquids rich • Liquids ramp-up • Production ~34 koepd Marcellus • ~ 600 000 net acres, Gas • Production ~130 kboepd 3 Shale revolution: just the end of the beginning • Entering mature phase – companies with sustainable, responsible development approach will be the winners • Statoil is taking long term view. Portfolio robust under current and forecast price assumptions. • Continuous, purposeful improvement is key − Technology/engineering − Constant attention to costs 4 Statoil taking operations to the next level • Ensuring our operating model is fit for Onshore Operations • Doing our part to maintain the company’s capex commitments • Leading the way to reduce flaring in Bakken • Not just reducing costs – increasing free cash flow 5 The application of technology Continuous focus on cost, Fast-track identification, Prioritised development of efficiency and optimisation of development & implementation of potential game-changing operations short-term technology upsides technologies SHORT TERM – MEDIUM – LONG TERM • Stage -
Wind-Driven Currents and Their Impact on the Morpho-Lithology at the Eastern Shore of the Gulf of Gdańsk
Archives of Hydro-Engineering and Environmental Mechanics Vol. 57 (2010), No. 2, pp. 85–103 © IBW PAN, ISSN 1231–3726 Wind-Driven Currents and their Impact on the Morpho-Lithology at the Eastern Shore of the Gulf of Gdańsk Aleksander Babakov Atlantic Branch of Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, (AB IORAS) pr. Mira, 1, 23600, Kaliningrad, Russia. e-mail: babakov−[email protected] (Received June 24, 2010; revised July 29, 2010 Abstract The paper presents results of a study of near-bottom currents, lithology and morphodynam- ics on the shore-zone of the Vistula Spit in Russia and on the western shore of the Sambian Peninsula. The measurements were conducted in 1991 and during the period of 2005–2009. The study involves the analysis of the synchronous and statistical parameters of the currents together with wind, grain-size and sorting coefficient distributions for the deposits of the beach and underwater slope, and also the analysis of the morphology and morphodynamics along the east coast of the Gulf of Gdańsk. It has been shown that under conditions of an acute angle between the seaward wind vector and the coastline the strongest and the most stable longshore currents are formed. An increase of the angle leads to a decrease of velocity and stability of these currents. Under conditions of the wind normal to the shore (90◦) in the sector of the curved coast Yantarny – Baltiysk (west wind), convergence of the currents is observed. The assessments of annual capacities of the longshore sediment transport for the coastal segment at the Sambian Peninsula and the deformation volumes on the underwater slope at Baltiysk are summarized. -
Microbial Eukaryotes in Oil Sands Environments: Heterotrophs in the Spotlight
microorganisms Review Microbial Eukaryotes in Oil Sands Environments: Heterotrophs in the Spotlight Elisabeth Richardson 1,* and Joel B. Dacks 2,* 1 Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada 2 Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G3, Canada * Correspondence: [email protected] (E.R.); [email protected] (J.B.D.); Tel.: +1-780-248-1493 (J.B.D.) Received: 6 May 2019; Accepted: 14 June 2019; Published: 19 June 2019 Abstract: Hydrocarbon extraction and exploitation is a global, trillion-dollar industry. However, for decades it has also been known that fossil fuel usage is environmentally detrimental; the burning of hydrocarbons results in climate change, and environmental damage during extraction and transport can also occur. Substantial global efforts into mitigating this environmental disruption are underway. The global petroleum industry is moving more and more into exploiting unconventional oil reserves, such as oil sands and shale oil. The Albertan oil sands are one example of unconventional oil reserves; this mixture of sand and heavy bitumen lying under the boreal forest of Northern Alberta represent one of the world’s largest hydrocarbon reserves, but extraction also requires the disturbance of a delicate northern ecosystem. Considerable effort is being made by various stakeholders to mitigate environmental impact and reclaim anthropogenically disturbed environments associated with oil sand extraction. In this review, we discuss the eukaryotic microbial communities associated with the boreal ecosystem and how this is affected by hydrocarbon extraction, with a particular emphasis on the reclamation of tailings ponds, where oil sands extraction waste is stored. -
IN the UNITED STATES COURT of APPEALS for the FIFTH CIRCUIT United States Court of Appeals Fifth Circuit FILED No
Case: 13-20243 Document: 00512774082 Page: 1 Date Filed: 09/18/2014 IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FIFTH CIRCUIT United States Court of Appeals Fifth Circuit FILED No. 13-20243 September 18, 2014 Lyle W. Cayce UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, Clerk Plaintiff-Appellee v. TRANSOCEAN DEEPWATER DRILLING, INCORPORATED, Defendant-Appellant Appeal from the United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas Before REAVLEY, JONES, and GRAVES, Circuit Judges. REAVLEY, Circuit Judge: Transocean Deepwater Drilling, Inc. appeals from the district court’s order enforcing administrative subpoenas issued by the Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board in connection with an investigation following the disaster on the Deepwater Horizon drilling unit in the Gulf of Mexico. Transocean contends that the subpoenas should have been quashed because the Board lacks authority to investigate the incident. We AFFIRM the district court’s judgment. I. On April 20, 2010, a blowout, explosion, and fire occurred during drilling operations at the Macondo lease site in the Gulf of Mexico. The Macondo well was being drilled by the Deepwater Horizon, a mobile offshore drilling unit Case: 13-20243 Document: 00512774082 Page: 2 Date Filed: 09/18/2014 No. 13-20243 (“MODU”) tasked to the job by Transocean. As a result of the incident, eleven people were tragically killed, a large volume of flammable gas, oil, and other hazardous substances were released into the water and ambient air, and substantial property damage occurred. Numerous governmental agencies responded to the disaster, including the Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board (“CSB” or “the Board”). Established by the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 and modeled after the National Transportation Safety Board (“NTSB”), the CSB serves a public safety mission by investigating accidental releases of hazardous substances into the ambient air and by reporting to the public its findings and recommendations for preventing and minimizing the risk of industrial chemical accidents.