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European Bulletin of Himalayan Research (EBHR) Was Founded by the Late Richard Burghart in 1991 and Has Appeared Twice Yearly Ever Since 25/26 Autumn 2003/ Spring 2004 EBHR EUROPEAN BULLETIN OF HIMALAYAN RESEARCH Special Double Issue Representing Local Histories in the Himalayas European Bulletin of Himalayan Research The European Bulletin of Himalayan Research (EBHR) was founded by the late Richard Burghart in 1991 and has appeared twice yearly ever since. It is a product of collaboration and edited on a rotating basis between France (CNRS), Germany (South Asia Institute) and the UK (SOAS). Since October 2002 onwards, the German editorship has been run as a collective, presently including William S. Sax (managing editor), Martin Gaenszle, Elvira Graner, András Höfer, Axel Michaels, Joanna Pfaff-Czarnecka, Mona Schrempf and Claus Peter Zoller. We take the Himalayas to mean, the Karakorum, Hindukush, Ladakh, southern Tibet, Kashmir, north-west India, Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan, and north-east India. The subjects we cover range from geography and economics to anthropology, sociology, philology, history, art history, and history of religions. In addition to scholarly articles, we publish book reviews, reports on research projects, information on Himalayan archives, news of forthcoming conferences, and funding opportunities. Manuscripts submitted are subject to a process of peer- review. Address for correspondence and submissions: European Bulletin of Himalayan Research, c/o Dept. of Anthropology South Asia Institute, Heidelberg University Im Neuenheimer Feld 330 D-69120 Heidelberg / Germany e-mail: [email protected]; fax: (+49) 6221 54 8898 For subscription details (and downloadable subscription forms), see our website: http://ebhr.sai.uni-heidelberg.de or contact by e-mail: [email protected] Contributing editors: France: Marie Lecomte-Tilouine, Pascale Dollfus, Anne de Sales Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UPR 299 7, rue Guy Môquet 94801 Villejuif cedex France e-mail: [email protected] Great Britain: Michael Hutt, David Gellner, Ben Campbell School of Oriental and African Studies Thornhaugh Street, Russell Square London WC1H 0XG U.K. e-mail: [email protected] Netherlands: Mark Turin Himalayan Languages Project, Silodam 355 1013 AW Amsterdam Netherlands e-mail: [email protected] EBHR 25/26 Autumn 2003/Spring 2004 Representing Local Histories in the Himalayas Articles edited by Martin Gaenszle Introduction: Representing local histories in the Himalayas 7 Martin Gaenszle, Heidelberg Memories of Migration: Notes on legends and beads in 15 Arunachal Pradesh, India Stuart Blackburn, London The Oral History of the Daṛmá Lineage of Indus Kohistan 61 Ruth L. Schmidt, Oslo Local Representations of History and the History of Local 80 Representation: Timescapes of theistic agency in the Western Himalayas Peter Sutherland, Baton Rouge Inventing a Past for Inheriting a Future: New visions of 119 history among the Kirant intellectuals of Nepal Grégoire Schlemmer, Paris National Hegemonies, Local Allegiances: Historiography and 145 ethnography of a Buddhist kingdom Brigitte Steinmann, Paris/Montpellier On Local Festival Performance. The Sherpa Dumji in a world 168 of dramatically increasing uncertainties Eberhard Berg, Zürich CORRESPONDENCE, REPORTS, ANNOUNCEMENTS Conference Report on Tibet and Her Neighbours April 24- 206 25th, 2004, Harvard University Mark Turin BOOK REVIEWS Kathryn S. March: "If each comes halfway": Meeting Tamang 208 women in Nepal Ben Campbell, Manchester Karl-Heinz Everding: Das Königreich Mang yul Gung thang, 213 Königtum und Herrschaftsgewalt im Tibet des 13.- 17. Jahrhunderts [The kingdom of Mang yul Gung thang, kingship and political power in 13th to 17th century Tibet] Hildegard Diemberger, Cambridge Niels Gutschow, Axel Michaels, Charles Ramble and Ernst 218 Steinkellner: Sacred Landscapes of the Himalayas Caroline Humphrey, Cambridge Joëlle Smadja: Histoire et devenir des paysages en Himalaya. 221 Représentations des milieux et gestion des ressources au Népal et au Ladakh Hermann Kreutzmann, Erlangen Maria Marhoffer-Wolff: Frauen und Feen. Entwicklung und 226 Wandel einer Beziehung. (Besessenheit in Yasin/ Nord- pakistan) Elisabeth Schömbucher, Heidelberg Susanne von der Heide and Thomas Hoffmann: Aspects of 229 Migration and Mobility in Nepal Susan Thieme, Zürich Heleen Plaisier: Catalogue of Lepcha Manuscripts in the Van 232 Manen Collection Mark Turin, Ithaca Ulrich Oberdiek: Gespräche mit einem Brahmanen im 234 Kumaon-Himālaya: Diskursanalytische Transkripte und annotierender ethnographischer Kommentar Claus Peter Zoller, Heidelberg Editorial The current issue of the Bulletin is a double issue that originated from the panel “Representing local history in the Himalayas”, which was convened by Gisèle Krauskopff and Martin Gaenszle during the 17th European Conference on Modern South Asia Studies in Heidelberg (on September 10- 11, 2002). In effect, the Bulletin “sponsored” this panel with an eye to future publication, because we believe that the topic is an important one and we knew that the contributors would have something original and useful to say about it. The quality of the essays in this issue certainly confirms our assessment. The Bulletin has a history of double issue, including number 12/13 in 1997 on Himalayan Music. We think that such double issues are quite useful. Sometimes they even become standard references for a particular field of research, and so we hope that this will not be the last such double issue. This is the first issue of the Bulletin to be printed in Kathmandu, by Himal Books, and distributed from there. It may turn out to be a cheaper and more practical way of production and dissemination that is currently the case, especially since editorship changes countries every three years or so. In any case, this is a one-off experiment. Please let us know if you have any complaints (or compliments!) about the new system. The editing of the Bulletin remains in Heidelberg. The editors wish to thank Susanne Kleinmann for her technical assistance. Bo Sax Managing Editor Notes on Contributors Eberhard Berg is an anthropologist (PhD Zurich University), presently affiliated with the Lumbini International Research Institute (Nepal). He began fieldwork among the Sherpas in 1991 on ritual practices involved in Sherpa pilgrimage to local, regional, and pan-Buddhist sacred places. Since 2001, he has conducted field research on the main annual festival among the Sherpas, and on various related aspects that constitute the building blocks of a distinct local tradition in Sherpa culture. Stuart Blackburn is a Senior Research Fellow at SOAS (London), the author of five books, and the co-editor of five volumes on oral traditions and related topics. His most recent monographs are Moral Fictions: Tamil Folktales from Oral Tradition (2001) and Folklore, Print and Nationalism in Colonial South India (2003) He is currently working on culture change and oral traditions in Arunachal Pradesh. Martin Gaenszle teaches anthropology at the South Asia Institute, University of Heidelberg. He has carried out field work in various parts of East Nepal and in Banaras, India. Presently he works together with linguists in a project documenting two endangered language traditions in Nepal. His books include: Verwandtschaft und Mythologie bei den Mewahang Rai in Ostnepal. Eine ethnographische Studie zum Problem der 'ethnischen Identität' (1991), Stuttgart; Himalayan Space: Cultural Horizons and Practices, with Balthasar Bickel (eds.) (1999), Zürich; Ancestral Voices: Oral Ritual Texts and their Social Contexts among the Mewahang Rai of East Nepal (2002), Münster. Grégorie Schlemmer is a PhD student in Anthropology at the University of Nanterre (Paris 10), France. He began field research in Nepal in 1996. His main study concerns the social and religious life of a Kirant group, the Kulung Rai. In 1997 he submitted his "Memoire de Maîtrise" on "Dieux du dedans, dieux du dehors: officiants et spécialistes du religieux chez les Kulunge Rai du Népal oriental" (Nanterre). Ruth L. Schmidt is professor of Urdu at the University of Oslo. She has been researching the Shina of Indus Kohistan for 30 years, working with her Pakistani colleagues Muhammad Manzar Zarin and Razwal Kohistani. She has also worked on Nepali and is the editor-in-chief of A Practical Dictionary of Modern Nepali. Brigitte Steinmann is professor of anthropology at the University of Montpellier (France), and research member in the ‘Languages and Cultures of the Tibetan areas’ team at the CNRS, Paris. She has conducted extensive research in Nepal, among the Tamang and Tibeto-Burman speaking populations since 1980, and in Sikkim since 1993. In addition to numerous articles on the ethnology and anthropology of Nepal she has published, Les Tamang du Népal, usages et religion, Paris, éditions ADPF (1986); Les Marches Tibétaines du Népal, Paris, éditions l’Harmattan (1988); Les Enfants du Singe et de la Démone. Mémoires des Tamang, récits himalayens. Nanterre, Société d’Ethnologie, collection Haute-Asie (2001). She is presently publishing collected essays about the Nepalese revolution at the CNRS, Paris. Peter Sutherland gained his D. Phil at the Institute of Social and Cultural Anthropology, Oxford University in 1998 after a first career in architecture and architectural photography. He currently directs the International Studies Program at Louisiana State University, where he teaches classes on South Asia, colonialism, diasporas and globalization. In addition to completing a book on the western Himalaya, Travelling Gods and Foreign Power, his interest in the anthropology
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