Biographical Index

Compiled by the Author

For a list of the subjects covered in this volume, see the index entry for Churchill, (Sir) Winston Leonard Spencer, on pages 1377-82.

Abel: 'a pitiless usurer', g8o n. I 528; reviews Churchill's Marlborough, Abingdon, 7th Earl of: 9 n. 2 864 n. I ; and the 1935 General Elec­ Addison, Dr Christopher (later Lord) : tion, 1293 I I02 n. 2; and Churchill's India Bill Ampthill, 2nd Baron: 284, 578, 1182 'eloquence', I I90-I n. I Aerenthal, Count Alois: 32I, 322 Anderson, J. T. M.: 56 Agar, Captain A. W. S: 73 Anderson, Sir John (later Viscount Agate, James: 34 7 n. 2 Waverley): 581, 6oo, 1 I97 Agnew, (Sir) P. G.: and the India Bill, Andrews, C. F.: 327 n. I, 865 958 Angell, Sir Norman: 2I9 n. I Ailesbu~·, Earl of: 238 Archambaud: and German military Ainswort~, Harrison: 626 strength (by 1935), 928-9, 934 Aiyar, Sir Ramaswami: I !07 Aristotle: 170 Alber, Louis].: 243, 263, 268, 326, 384, Armsby, George N.: 17, 28, go, 3I 390-I, 395,457,495,642-3,987 Arnold: the carpenter at Chartwell, 39, Alfonso XIII, King of Spain: 274, 285, II7, I9o, 982, 1039, II28 goo, gi8, 330 Ashley, Maurice: Churchill's research Alington, grd Baron: I 258 assistant, 5, 15, 18-I9, 63, 75, 76-7, Alexander, A. V.: I57 n. I I I2 n. 3, I 19, I27, I45, 238-g, 247, Alexander, Boyd: 728 29I, 315, 3I9, 335. 355. 371, 4IO, 4I5- Allenby, Viscount: 25 I6, 42I, 438, 439, 443-4, 445, 456-7, Ameer Ali, Waris: 323, 456, 675-6, I310 467-8, 494· 511, 5I4, 5I5, 520, 52I, Amery, Leopold Charles Maurice Sten- 534· 544. 548-g, 560, 56I, 57I n. g, nett: 11, I4; with Churchill on board 6oo n. 2, 609, 610-I I, 612 n. 1, 623, ship (August I929), 34-6, 45; and 62g-go, 632, 6gg, 635-6, 6g8-g, 692, Tariffs, I4I, I69; at Harrow School, 7I4, 716, 719, 720 n. I, 724-5, 730, 2I2; and India, 265, go8, 8I 1; and 736, 742, 796, 842-3, I068, 1124; rearmament, 489-91, 496, 924 n. 1, 'very valuable researches', 384; 'most 1156 n. I, I268; his 'great scholarship active and clever', 5I9; his 'competent and distinction', 495; and Churchill's aid', 658 'slashing onslaught' in Parliament, Ashley, Percy: 5 n. g, I45 BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX

Aspinall-Oglander, C. F.: 302 n. I, Bain, James: Churchill's bookseller, IS, 377-8 Io68 Asquith, Anthony: and Churchill's film Baker, Sir Herbert: I I 2 I script, 973, 1068 Baldwin, Stanley (later Earl Baldwin of Asquith, Cyril (later Baron) : 484 n. I; Bewdley): Churchill's correspondence and Churchill's breach of privilege with, 6-8, ID-I I, I3-I4, I I6, I30, charge, 773-s, 8o8, 812, 843, I2I2 IS6-7, I7I, I73, I79, I8I, I86, I9I-3, Asquith, H. H. (later Earl Oxford and I93-4, 204, 2SI, 3I4, 424-s, 663, 693, Asquith): and Churchill's film script, 69s, 73s-6, 844, 899, I207-8, I2Io, 997; 'would have enjoyed your speech', I288, I289; and India, 107-8, I09-10, I074; and a naval incident (in I9IS), III, II4-IS, I8I, I86, 222, 229, 233, I2I3 n. 2 234 n. 2, 236, 24I, 242 n. I, 2SD-I, Astor, J. J. (later Baron): 30I, 679 2s8, 26o-I, 26s, 28s-6, 29o, 29I, Astor Lady (Nancy Astor): 2I9 n. I, 292-3, 297-8, 302-3, 7IS, 723, 740; 22S n. I, 3s6 n. I; not 'a Yankee', and the London Naval Conference, 300-1; 'Don't put Winston in the IS6-7; and Lord Beaverbrook, I2, Government' (November I93S), I32S; I4-IS; and Egypt, 2s-6, IOI; and favours Prohibition, I36I Tariffs, I2, I4-IS, 3S, I37, I42 n. 2, Astor, 2nd Viscount: 30I IS6, I9I-3, 204, 222; and Churchill's Astor, Lady Violet: I206 breach with the Conservative leader­ Astor, William: 22S n. I ship (I929-3I), n6, n8, II9, I4S, Atatiirk (Mustafa Kemal): 8si n. I I93-4, I9S, 207, 2SI, 2s2-3, 264, 26s, Atherley, Stuart: 218-I9 269, 3I4, 700, 9S3, I07S; speaks in Atholl, Duchess of: and India, S4S, SS2, Parliament, I43 n. 2; his intellectual 673-4, 681, 810-II, 8I7 n. I, I044, power, I82; 'firmly seated in the ro66 n. 4, r roo saddle', 226; his leadership challenged Atholl, 8th Duke of: at Omdurman, (February I93I), 277-g, 280, 29s-6; S4S n. 2 ; and India, s 78, 776 and the formation of a National Atkinson, C. T.: IS n. 3, 76, 77, 640 Government forecast, 334; the Na­ Attlee, Clement (later Earl): 6 n. 2, tional Government formed, 348 n. I ; I09 n. 3; and Churchill's breach of and the Joint Select Committee on privilege charge (I934), 774, 788; and Indian Constitutional Reform, 448-g, foreign policy, 1210 n. I 48I, SI4, SSS, SS6, S84-6, S89 n. I, Auckland, 6th Baron: s64-s S90, S94. 677 n. 3. 930, 93I, 946, 9s6 n. 2, 9S7; and the India Bill contro­ Backhouse, Admiral Sir R. R. C.: versy (I 93S), I I 22; and rearmament, 'ideally suited' for his job, I 263 489,834, I I I9, I I29, I I33, I I34, I IS3, Bacon: and Macaulay, 688 IIS6 n. I, IIS6-8, II6o-I, II74; and Bacon, Admiral Sir Reginald: 328 Churchill's political future (December Baden-Powell: 3s6 n. 1 I932), so8-IO, SID; a 'calumny' Bailey, Sir Abe: 32 n. I, 164, I6g-7o, against, alleged, S7D-I, s72-3, S7S; 442, 834, I078 n. 2; and Churchill's and Churchill's breach of privilege 'power of writing so well', I072; brings charge, 763, 777, 8os-6, 8o7; and the Churchill and Derby together again, air defence of Britain, 879, 936, 938, I 2s9-6o, I 269, 12 72; supports a friend 939. 94s-6, 947· 948-9, I266; a of Churchill at the General Election possible 'nasty jar' for, 104s; word (193S), 1307-8 'toad' not applied to, I04 7; and the Bailey, John: 32 n. I, 49I, 1078 n. 2 Conservative Party machine, I07S; Baillie, Sir Adrian (6th Baronet): 7SS reflects on the role of children, 1096; BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX

'sterile and inefficient', I097; becomes Baruch, Bernard: Churchill's friendship Prime Minister for the third time With, g-10, I6-I7, Ig-2I, 28-g, 3I, 41, (I935), 115I, 1180, 1192; a 'power 59, 6g, go, 95, gg, IOI n. I, 106, 263, miser', I I 40; urged to give Churchill a 28o; visits England, I67-8, 176-7; his place in the Cabinet, I I 7I, 1187, I255; reflections on Randolph, and on poli­ and Anglo-German policy (in I935), tics, 2og-xo, 216-17; Churchill visits, II72, I254-5; and the Peace Ballot 382, 383; his second visit to Churchill, (of June I935), I202-3; and Air De­ 466; and Churchill's Marlborough, fence Research, I 207-8, I 209, I 2 I o, 666; and investments in the United I 2 72 ; and the 'necessity' ofhis premier­ States, 719; his third visit to Chart­ ship, I228; and German air strength, well, 856; Churchill describes the I233, I234; and British air weakness, 'essence' of the British Cabinet system I268; Churchill's support for (in to, 886-8; Randolph Churchill stays October I935), I288, I28g, I29I n. I; with, in Austria, I227-3; introduces and Churchill's possible return to the Joseph Kennedy to Churchill, I267 Cabinet, I30I, I30I-2, I324, I325, Bateman, Arthur: I26g I326, I327; Randolph Churchill Bath, 5th Marquess of: 4I5 writes to (November I935), I332; and Baumann, Arthur: quoted by Churchill, the 'Right-wing Conservatives', I 334- 308 n. I 6, I339-40; and the Hoare-Laval pro­ Bayly, Admiral Sir Lewis: a reconcilia­ posals, I349, I350, I353, I357-8, tion, I2I3-I4 I35g-6o, I363; Randolph Churchill Beadon, Colonel R. H.: criticizes Chur­ wants to attack, I364; Churchill's chill, 734 n. I regret concerning, I365 Beatty, Earl: Ig, 328; and India, 578, Balfour, A. J. (later Earl): 35 n. I, I 57 sg8-g,6o7 n. I, 3I2 n. 2, 39I n. I, 4I3, 625, 65I, Beatty, E. W.: 45, 4 7 656, 790, I238, I26I, I279 n. I Beauchesne, Arthur: 43, 45 Balfour, Harold (later Baron): 7I4 Beaumont, Michael: I327 Baliah, V.: his recollections of Churchill Beaverbrook, Lord: Churchill's corres­ in India, I I45-6 pondence with, 12, 14-15, 22, 145, Ballard, Admiral G. A.: and the ltalo­ I49, I85-6, 237, 249-50; and Chur­ Abyssinian dispute, I252 n. I chill's views on India, 24I-2, 243, 247, Balsan, Consuelo: 3I2, 336 n. 2, 463,465, 248, 254. 259, 264, 304, 388-g, 592, 645 n. 2, 672, I290 740, 882, g6g-7o; Churchill's friend­ Banks, Sir Reginald: and India, 545,552, ship with, 3I, 44, I83; 'distinctly mis­ sss-6,563 chievous', I04; and Empire Free Baring, Maurice: I49 n. I, 225 n. I Trade, 136-7, I42 n. 2, 144, 156, 168, Barlow, (Sir) Thomas: and the Man­ I6g, I 73, Ig8, 203, 204, 221-2, 226, chester 'evidence', 74I, 743-7, 749-50, 262, 278, 389; and a gift to Churchill, 756, 772 394 n. 2; and Baldwin, 57o-1, 700; Barnes: the bricklayer at Chartwell, 'I cannot injure Sam Hoare', 766; I032, 1063, 1085, I094-s, I 105, I I27, argues that peace can be preserved by I I34, 1137 'Imperial Isolation', 920; and Lady Barnes, G. N.: I077 Diana Cooper, I047; 'evidently hos­ Barnes, Major-General Sir Reginald: tile', 1049; his account of the fall of 2ID-II, 610, 8g2, IOgi, 1146 n. I, Lloyd George, 1050; fails to dissuade II74, 1177 Randolph Churchill, 1096; and Ger­ Barrie, J. M.: ISI n. I, I goon. 3 man air strength (in I935), I I 56 n. I; Barrymore, John: 97 n. 2 lends a journalist to help Churchill, BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX

Beaverbrook, Lord-contd. Igi; Churchill's reflections on, 215; I I 70; a possible 'substitute' ally, I I g3; his Biography, by his son, 37g, 523; his article supporting Churchill (in his collected essays, 437; Churchill's Igi5), I26I-2; and Churchill's search article about, 523 n. I, 66o, 12g2, 1302 for past articles, I288; his 'Canadian Birkenhead, 2nd Earl of: Igi n. 2, 37g, outlook' on British politics, I324; and 440 n. I, 441; and the art of biography, the wrecking of the Camberwell baths, 523-4, 525; asked not to publish a I328; and the Hoare-Laval proposals, Churchill letter, 528; and India, g65 I350; 'sitting on velvet', I354 Birla, G. D.: Gandhi's emissary to Becke, Major A. F: 302 Churchill, 1197, 1243-5, 1265, I343; Becket, Thomas: I 7g hopes Churchill will enter Cabinet, Beckett-Overy, Harry: II7, II28, II34 I36o Bedford, I tth Duke of: and India, 578, Biro, Lajos: gog, g63, 1068 g65 n. I Birrell, Augustine: and Churchill's film Bellenger, F. J.: 1367 n. I script, 1003 Belloc, Hilaire: 524, 62g Bismarck, Count Otto von: 605 Bend, Edward: 21g n. I Bismarck, Prince Otto Christian Archi­ Benn, Anthony Wedgwood: 109 n. 3 bald von: reports on Churchill's Benn, Sir Ernest: 133 opinions (I g3o), I 96-9 Benn, W. Wedgewood (later Viscount Blackett, Sir Basil: 866 Stansgate): and the Government's Blackwood, William: 72g, 835, 841 India Policy (1g2g-35), 109, I zo, 253 Blair, Colonel]. M.: 317 n. I, 287, 28g, 585 Blake, George: 23, 113-14 Bennett, 0. C. D.: 3g2 Bledisloe, zst Viscount: 1075 Bennett, R. B. (later Viscount): 45 Blomberg, General Werner von: and the Bentinck, Lord George: 584 need for German expansion, 1322 Berchtold, Count: 347 n. I Blood, Lieutenant-General Sir Bindon: Bernau, W. H.: 164- 6, 360 201, 68o, 734 n. I, Bog Bernhardt, Sarah: g7 n. 2 Bond, Richard: and the Manchester Bernstorff, Albrecht: zgg n. 3 'evidence', 755, 772, 8oo, 8o6, 8o8 n. I; Berry, Seymour (later 2nd Baron Cam- and the India Bill controversy, 827 rose): 440 n. I Bonham Carter, Violet (later Baroness Bertram, F. G. L.: g58 Asquith of Yarnbury): 6oo n. 2, 6I3- Besant, Annie: 306 15,g5o Best, Mr: 'the oldest inhabitant', I 138 Boothby, Robert (later Baron): g, 'very Beynon, Major-General W. G. L.: 1361 able', I 7; at Chartwell, I go; and Bhopal, ruler of: I 106, I I 10 Churchill's memoirs, 21 7; ill, 275, 313; Bikaner, Maharaja of: 686, wg2, I 106, at Chartwell with Charlie Chaplin, IIIO 282; and a gift to Churchill, 3g4 n. 2; Bingham, W. ] .: 'a remarkable Churchill's long letter to, from Chi­ character', 78-g cago, 39g-4oo; and Prince Louis Bird, Cyril Kenneth ('Fougasse'): and Ferdinand, 627; and Churchill's Churchill's film script, 1028 future, 907; and national defence, 924 Birdwood, Field-Marshal Sir William n. I; engaged to be married, I08I; and (later Baron): g n. 2, 765, 1200 n. I a 'bloody' dinner, I I2o; Churchill's Birkenhead, Earl of (formerly F. E. 'blue-eyed boy', I 123; his 'admirable' Smith): g n. 3, 72, 75, g5, 101 n. 2, letter to The Times, I 308; 'leading 103, zog, 112; and India, III; advises revolt' against Government (December Randolph, I 38 n. I ; ill, I 77; dies, I 88, 1935), I353 BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX 1373

Borden, Sir Robert: 50, 700, g6g-7o Brooke, Rupert: 66g n. I Bosanquet, Mrs: 242 Brooks, Ferdinand: tutors Nehru, go6 Boswell, James: I I7 n. I Botha, Louis: and Churchill's fum script, Bruce, Nigel: 988 n. I I007 Bruce, R. R.: 79, 84 Bouisson, Fernand: succeeds Flandin as Bruce, S. M. (later Viscount): and French Prime Minister, I I67 n. I Abyssinia, I 240 Bourne, H. J.: 320, 338, 340, 544 n. I Bruning, Heinrich: I96, 477 n. I, 8I3, Bower, Norman: 1088 I I65 n. 2, I20I Boyce, (Sir) Leslie: 569 Brusilov, General A. A.: I32, I39, 347 Boyd-Merriman, Sir Frank (later Baron): n. I 245 Buccleuch, 7th Duke of: 3I3 Boyle, Miss M. A.: 666 n. I Buchan, Alastair: died of wounds re­ Brabourne, 5th Baron: in India, 69I; ceived in action (1917), I72 n. 2 and Hoare's success against Churchill, Buchan, John (later Baron Tweedsmuir): 733 n. 2 ; and the course of the India I72, I73, I8I, 292, 61I n. 2, 878 n. 2, Bill, 946, 957-8, 1099-I IOI 916, I I64 Bracken, Brendan (later Viscount): 22I- Buchan-Hepburn, Patrick (later Baron 2, 244, 248, 264; his political report to Hailes): 9I, 93, 100, I40, I49 n. I; 'a Randolph Churchill (February I93I), very poor-spirited creature', 264; a 26g-7o; at Chartwell, 282; reputed to 'rat', I 133 be Churchill's 'son', 289; and India, Buchanan, George: knocked down 'with 297, 326, 448, 458-9, 532 n. I, 1182, a single blow', 495; calls Ramsay n. I; and the forecast of a National MacDonald a 'swine' and a 'cur', I065 Government, 334; sends Churchill Buck, Pearl S.: 395 n. 2 material for his United States lectures, Bullock, Sir Christopher: and German 396; and Churchill's literary and air strength, 945-6, I I43 financial affairs, 349, 35o-2, 353, 355- Bullock, W. F.: 385 6, I I 92; and the organizing of a gift, Bunyan: 785 394; invited to Chartwell, 407; and Burke, E. : and India, 24 7 n. 2 Prince Louis Ferdinand, 627; and the Burnham, Viscount: 187, I88, 284, 289, Manchester 'evidence', 743-7, 766; 295, 299, 394 n. I' 545, 563, 568, 587 and Churchill's Marlborough, 9I I-I2; Burns, John: 684 supports Randolph Churchill's first Butler, Sir Harcourt: 356, 577 by-election challenge, I045, I05I, Butler, (Sir) Nevile: 762 I o63; reports fully to Churchill on the Butler, R. A. (later Baron): 48I, 957; Hoare-Laval crisis, I348-5o, I350; Churchill supports, I 2 I 3 urges Churchill to remain abroad, Butler, Samuel: 484 I353; his dilemma reported, I354; Bury,Major Ralph: 'mischievous', 1066; mentioned, I I 24 n. 2 warns of 'deep-seated alarm' in Bradfield, Donald: 376 Churchill's constituency, I070 n. I; Bradlaugh, Charles: 355 resigns, I072 n. I, 1086 Brancker, Sir Sefton: dies in airship Butters, Harry: Churchill's obituary crash, I89 n. I notice of, 74, 9o-I; and Churchill's Brand,]. H.: I73 film script, I 02 I Bray, Mrs R. A.: 74, 9D-I Butterworth, Thornton: 24, 40 n. I, 64, Brisbane, Arthur: 242 n. I, 303 n. I 84, I32-3, I39, I4I, I44, I47-8, I50-I, Brocket, 2nd Baron: I 034 n. I I52, I55, I6o, I62-3, I64, I74-5, I75- Brooke, Sir Richard: and India, 285, 286 6, I77--g, 218, 276-7, 306-7, 3ID-II, I374 BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX

Butterworth, Thornton--contd. first by-election challenge, 1048, ro63; 320 n. 2, 323-4, 331, 332, 337-8, 340, and the Government's India policy 346, 347-8, 356-7, 368, 374-5, 378-g, (in 1917), 1077; his death (in 1935), 410, 419, 426, 432-3, 437, 444, 474, 1297 4 79; and the History of the English Casanova: and Churchill's escape from Speaking Peoples, 502; and Thoughts and Pretoria, 2 I 5 Adventures, 504-5; and My Early Life, Cassel, Sir Ernest: 36 505-6, 507, 525, 542-3; and India, Castlerosse, Viscount (later 6th Earl of 543-4; and Churchill's writing plans Kenmare): 1047, 1255 (in June 1933), 612-13; a book in Cavendish, Diana: ro8I braille, 632; and the B.B.C., 668-g; Cavendish, Lord Richard: 66 n. I and the serialization of The World Cazalet, Peter: I go Crisis, 742; and a possible second Cazalet, Victor: and Churchill's political volume of Churchill's memoirs, 873 future, 228; at Chartwell, 248, 518; Buxton, Sir Thomas F.: 1072 n. I and India, 5 79, 7 I 5, 763-4; India Byng, Viscount: 2 I 3 'avoided', 847, 855; and a silent dinner, Byron: 785 I 120 n. I Cecil, Lord David: 325, 326 n. I Cadman, Sir John (later Baron): 1254 Cecil, Lord Hugh (later Baron Quicks­ Cadogan, (Sir) Edward: and India, 284, wood): 225 n. I, 333, 39I n. I; and 545, 552, 563, 737-9 India, 546, 549, 55I-2, II4o; reads Callender, (Sir) G. A. R.: 700 Churchill's Marlborough proofs, 6oo Camden, Marchioness: 971 n. 2 Campbell, A. D.: Churchill uninten­ Cecil, Lord William: 225 n. I; and India, tionally misrepresented by, 832 I 140 Campbell, (Sir) Gerald: 59, 6g, 73 n. 3, Cecil ofChelwood, Viscount: I82, I93-4, 82 39I n. I; and the Peace Ballot (of june Campbell, Kathleen: 410 n. I I935), 1202, I203; the 'worst type' of Campbell, Dr William W.: 94 idealist, I 290 Camrose, Lord: 13, 26-7, 32, 296, 331, Chaffey, Andrew M.: 'immensely rich', 337, 394 n. 2, 440 n. r, 6oo n. 2, 672, g8 6g4, 697-8, 718, rr63-4; and the Chaliapine, Fedor: 530 Hoare-Laval proposals, 1349 Chamberlain, (Sir) Austen: 35 n. I, 82 Cannell, Robert: and the Manchester n. I, 93; and the Government's India 'evidence', 803 policy (1929-35), III, 180, 563, 754, Capon, Frank: u38 768, 773, 794, 893, 953, 1077, uog; Carlyle: and Macaulay, 688 his friendship with Churchill, 20o-I; Carlyle, W. L.: 57, 58 and Churchill's memoirs, 2 I 7; to be Garnock, 2nd Baron: and India, 974 discarded, 249; and the Conservative Carr, Sir Emsley: and Churchill's Party leadership crisis (March 1931), articles, 1329-30 295; and Ireland, 375-6; at Randolph Carr, Sir Hubert: and India, 593 Churchill's 21st birthday party, 441; Carrington, Lord: and India, r r 82 n. r and the BBC, 644-5, 647, 65o; and Carroll, H. G.: 44 Churchill's Marlborough, 663, 893; Carson, Lady: 1048 and 'our duty as we see it', 893; and Carson, Lord: r8o n. 3, 388 n. 2, 394 national defence, 987, 1040, 1151 n. 2, n. 2, 414, 529, 558, 817 n. I, 8go-z, u56 n. r, u64; and the fall of Lloyd 903-4; and Churchill's film script, George (in I922), Ioso; and German 1003; supports Randolph Churchill's rearmament and its threat to Europe BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX I375

(I935), 1166 n. I, 1188, 1189; and the 82, 8s-8, 93-6, 96-8, ros-6, 274-5. Abyssinian crisis, I 2 79; and the Hoare­ 28o-3, 847-g, s5I, s53- 4, s55, s56, Laval proposals, I353, I363 862-3,967,969,972,976,977-8,979- Chamberlain, Joseph: 35, 87 n. I, 104, 83, 986, I03I-4, I035· I037· I037-40, 308 n. 2, 584, 6os, 65I, 907 n. I, I267 I042-3, I043· I044-6, IOSI, 1062, Chamberlain, Neville: 35 n. I, 6I-2, 1062-7, I069, 107I, I079, I08I, 1083- I4I; and Tariffs, I9I-3, 203-4; and 4, I084-7, I093-8, II04, II04-8, IIII, the future of the Conservative Party I 113, II I3-I6, I I24, 1127-30, 1130, leadership (in I93I), 277-9, 280-I, II33-4. II36, II37-4I, II42, II48, 294, 295, 303; and the formation of I I5I, I254-5, I257-9, I362, I363-4, the National Government (I93I), 348, I365-7; her letters and telegrams to 354; and war debts, 452; and the Churchill, 65-6, 75, So, 8I, 267-9, Government's India policy, 480, 872; 398, 854-5, 86I-2, 967, 970, 9s5, 988, and rearmament, 490, 942, 1133, I075-6, 1078, 108I-2, I I04, I I24, I340; and public works, 528; and 1I26, 1130, II47-8, I256; her opin­ Churchill's Marlborough, 665, 894; ion of Lord Derby - 'a fat sneak' - Garvin seeks to reconcile Churchill 3 I 2; her letters to her son, I 45 n. I, and, I255-6; and the Hoare-Laval I90, 225 n. I, 226, 227, 235-6, 248, proposals, I 349, I 359 393-4; with her husband in the Chant, Laura Ormiston: I74 Bahamas, 39I, 392, 395; and her hus­ Chaplin, (Sir) Charles: 'bolshy ... de­ band's return to Chartwell, 407; visits lightful', 97; at Chartwell, 282, 357; Marlborough's battlefields (1932), and a gift to Churchill, 394 n. 2 468-9; Hoare's sarcasm about, 802; Charles I, King: 380 n. I Churchill's early letters to, from Ger­ Charles II, King: 438 n. I many (I909), 824 n. I; cruises in the Chatfield, Admiral of the Fleet Sir Dutch East Indies, 967, 968, 970, 972, A. E. M. (later Baron) : 'a very good 976, 985, 988, Io62, Io75- 6, Io78, man', I263; Churchill's suggestion to, I08I, 1083- 4, II04, II26, II30, 1136; via Lindemann, I264-5; Churchill's returns from her cruise, 1 I42, I I47-8, 'good talk' with, I266; a 'good fellow', I 15I; 'when her husband talks she I340 simply listens', I243 Chatham: his eclipse, 604 Churchill, Diana: 32, 46, 66,95 n. I, 105, Chenery, William L.: 40I, 405,636,653, I38, 260, 269, 282; in the Bahamas 779, 798, 870-I with her father, 39I, 395; engaged, Chichele-Plowden, Sir Trevor: I I5 n. I 49I, 495,497, 546; travels to the South Chidsey, Donald Barr: I45 n. I, 735 of France, 853, 855; her divorce, 898, Chits, the: 629 I078-9; and her father's 6oth birthday Chorlton, A. E. L.: and the Manchester party, 95I; at Blenheim, 978; at 'evidence', 74I, 743-7; and the open Chartwell, 'looking absolutely lovely', letter to Patiala, 8 I 7 n. I ; and the 983 ; supports her brother at his first India Bill controversy, 84o-I by-election, I037, 1039; 'so subtle and Christie, J. A. : I 326 sweet', 1084; at her brother's second Churchill, Clarissa (later Lady Avon): by-election, 1096, I 105- 6, I I I4 Il. I; III6, I362 n. 2 joins her father in Morocco, 1338, Churchill, Clementine (later Baroness I363, I36s, I367 Spencer-Churchill): visits the United Churchill, Lady Gwendeline ('Goonie') : States, 262, 267-g; Churchill's letters 9 n. 2, 325 n. I , 49I, I II6 and telegrams to, 32, 37-4I, 43-6, 48- Churchill, Henry Winston Spencer 50, 5 I, 52-5, 55-9, 6o- 2, 67-g, 77-g, ('Peregrine') : 765 BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX

Churchill, John George Spencer: 28, go, I40, I42-3; 'very idle', 145; his 'excel­ g1, g6, 40, 46, so, 64, 6g, 71, s9, 95 ; lent' article, I6g-7o; his United States at Chartwell, 282 lecture tour, 187, 20g, 212, 2I4, 2I6- Churchill,JohnStrange Spencer ('Jack'): I7, 22I-2; receives a long report from g, 17, 24, 28, go, g1, 40, 46, so, 59, 67, his father, 242-4; his reply, 26o; re­ 8g, gg-Ioo, 168, 206 n. 2; at Chart­ ceives a further long report, 263-5; well, 282; and Churchill's election his alleged engagement (February speculation, g68-g; at Gallipoli, g77 1931), 274-5; Churchill seeks news of, n. 2; invited to Chartwell, 407; and 280; cheers his father, g26; on a mis­ his brother's illness (1932), 472-g; sion from his father, g54; his financial Birdwood writes to, about Churchill's difficulties, g6o, g68-g, 371; and his breach of privilege charges (1934), father's accident in New York, 383, 765; receives a de luxe edition of g84, 390-4, 394-6; and his father's Marlborough, 88o; his new house, 'premature' biography, 405-6; his 21st I I 16 birthday, 440; and the National Churchill, Mary (later Lady Soames): Government's India policy, 448, 481, 46, 62, 65, 67, 85, 88; her letters to her 825, 827, 828, 831; educates his sister father, 179, 852-g; a draughts cham­ Mary, 4 78; sent help for an essay, 521; pion, 248; at Chartwell, 26g, 26g, 275, stands 'a hard test', 546; enters politics, 282, gg2; her father's letter to her, 583; lunches with Prince Louis Ferdi­ 468-g; Randolph 'educates', 478; at nand, 627 n. g; attacks Sir Thomas Blenheim, 977-8; at school, 1046; Inskip, 77g-8o; interviews the Kaiser, 'parked' at the Fox's, 106g; 'a veritable 8o6; 'will glitter in a happier scene', she-Nimrod', 1084; 'roped in' to 824 n. 1; his father's advice to, 827; electioneering, 11 13; has whooping­ visits France with his father, 8.}7-8, cough, 1128, 1133; at Dinard, 1256; 8sg; his newspaper articles, 861; at the at Zi.irs, 1362 n. 2, 1g6g Casino, 862; helps his father with film Churchill, Lady Randolph: I49 n. 1, scenarios, 86g, 876, 877-8, 88g, gog; I75, 202 n. I, 206 n. g, 42I n. g, 423; and the lack of any 'emergency', g33; her sister's death, 1042; a letter from and his father's 6oth birthday party, Churchill in India (I897), II45 n. I gso-I, g52; attacks Lord London­ Churchill, Lord Randolph: 35 n. I, 293, derry, g7I; hunts, g78; fights a by­ 6os, 925, I048; and Churchill's film election at Wavertree, 1034, 1035, script, 993; and Randolph Churchill's IOg7-8, 1040, 1041, 1043· 1044-5. illness and beard (1935), 1137 1o49, 1o51, 1052, 1063- 5, 1067, 106g- Churchill, Randolph Frederick Edward 72, 1075-6, 1078-g, 1081, 1085-6, Spencer: visits Canada with his father, 1087, 1090; the Norwood by-election, g, 28, go, 31, 34, g6, 40, 42, 44, 46, 47, 1o8g, Io86-7, 1ogs-6, 1105-6, III2 so, 51, 54. 55· 64, 6g, 70, 71-2, 72-3; n. I, 111g, 1114-15, 1126; 'the little not yet 'independent of my authority', brute', 1071; has 'lent his soul ... to 2g; and the need for 'discipline', 40; England', 1075 n. 2; 'will certainly 'in the seventh heaven', 59; 'dex­ push a lot of people about', 10go; terous, cool and polished', 62 ; Linde­ has influenza, 1124, 1128, 1130; has mann 'anxious' about, So; 'an un­ jaundice, 1133, ng7; teaches his father failing Ganymede', 82; and his father's a new speaking technique, ngg; goes visit to the United States (1929), 83, to the Chaco war as a journalist, I I 5 I, 88, 8g, 95, 99; wins 'golden opinions 1180, 1181, 1188, 1192, 1193; drives from both sexes', g6; returns to to Vienna, 1227; stands in the 1gg5 Britain, Ioo, I I7; at Oxford, 1g7, I38, General Election, 12g8, I g1g; de- BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX I377

feated, I325, I327, I328, I334; his 85I-2, 87o-I, 888-go, 940-I, 955-6, letter to Baldwin (November I935), 984, 1098-g, 1129, 113I, 1170, II75, I332; reports to his father on the I I8g-go, I I92, I20G-2, I226, I227, Hoare-Laval crisis (December I935), I238, I260-I, I267-8, I288, I29I-2, I35o-I, I353, I353-5; and a 'teetotal' I302-3, I320, I329-40 bet, I363, I367; Churchill's warning Austria: 311, 892, 94I, I290 to, about 'injurious' articles, I364; Bahamas, the: Churchill recuperates wants to fight another by-election, in (I932), 384, s8g--g6 I367 Barcelona: I 355 Churchill, Sarah: 32, 62, 66, 91; writes Bears, an encounter with: 67 to her father, 227; at Chartwell, 248; Belgium: I97, I99, 7II, 92I, I2I6, at Broadstairs, 269, 275; writes to her I2I8 father from Paris, 4I8; travels with her Blind, the: Churchill's appeals for, parents to Europe, 468-g; accompanies I Ig--24, 237, sBs her mother on holiday, 849, 861; and Books by: her father's 6oth birthday party, 95I; A History of the English Speaking supports her brother at his first by­ Peoples: 2 n. I, 468, 502, 505, 542-3, election, I037, 1039, 1081, and at his 699. 874-5· I238 second by-election, 1096, IIo 5; takes Arms and the Covenant : 2 n. I her father to the theatre, 1108; Great Contemporaries: 24 n. I, 356- dancing, 1133; with the Camroses, 7, 379, 4IO, 4I9, 432-3, 523 n. I, 1256; joins C. B. Cochran, I295-6, 6I2-I3 I3IS-I6 India: 24 n. I, 306-7, 3IO-II, Churchill, (Sir) Winston Leonard 3IS-I6, 320, 543-4 Spencer: and Lord Randolph Churchill: 84, 89 Abyssinia: I 239-40, I 262-4, I 72o-2, Marlborough, His Life and Times: I279, I293, I298 n. 2, I300-I, I306, 2-5, I2-I3, I5, I8-I9, 23-4, 26-7, I333. I348, I3S8 32, ss-4, sB-9, 63, 75-7, 86, 112, Air Defence Research: 987, 988, I I9, I27, I40, I45> I48, 168, 238-g, I040-I, 1188, 1189, 1199, I207--8, 240, 244, 246-7, 248, 249, 29I, 3I3, I2I2, I2I5-24, I225, I23I--8, I272, 355, 37I, 384, 4I6, 42I, 425, 438, I273 439. 443. 445· 453-6, 456-7, 458, articles for newspapers and maga­ 46I, 467-8, 475-8, 482-3, 485-6, zines: 23, 39-40, 6I, 74 n. I, 86-7, 487, 493, 494, 5II, 5I3, 5I4, 5I5- 99 n. 4, I02, 105, 113, II4, 115, I3I, I7, 5I8--22, 524, 534, 544, 548-g, I32, I39. I43-4· I47--8, IS3-s. IS9- 55I, 560, 56I-2, 57I- 2, 580, 582, 6o, I6I, I64, I66-7, I 7o-I, I89, I9I, 6oo-2, 6o4-5, 6o8--II, 6I2, 613-I5, 220, 24I, 245· 266-7, 273. 283, 284- 6I7-I8, 6I9, 623-6, 626-30, 632, s. 300, 31 I n. 2, 3I2, 3I8, 329-30, 633, 634-6, 636-7, 638--42, 645-7, 336,sso-s,3ss-6,36s,367--8,36g--7o, 648, 653, 655-6, 657-6o, 66I-5, 373-4, 376, 378, 379-BI, 382, sBs, 666-8,67o-2,676-7,67g-8o,683- 4, sBs-7, s88, s8g--go, 396, 400, 40I- 5, 685, 688--702, 7I4, 7I6-I8, 719-22, 406, 422-3, 443 n. I, 444, 447 n.I, 723-5, 73o-I, 734, 735-6, 742-3, 459, 46I-2, 462-6, 472, 473, 479, 482, 784- 6, 794- 7. 836-8, 842-3, 847. 483-s. 487-g, 49I, 492-3, 493-4, 854, 857, 86I, 863-4, 872-3, 88o, 499-500, soz, sos, 504, 507--8, 5I8, 89o-3, 894-902, gos, 904, 9I I-Is, 520, 522, 523 n. I, 53o-1, 532-3, 539- 952,966,976,977.983, 986, II66-7, 41, 6I I, 6I6, 6s6, 653-4, 725, 729-30, 1183, 1I93, I229, I23o, I238, I287, 779, 79I-2, 798, 835, 841, 845 n. 2, 1298-go, I293, 1362, I363 BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX

Churchill, (Sir) Winston Leonard 1062-3, 1084-5, I093-5, IIo4- 5, III6, Spencer--contd. II27, II28, 1129-30, 1133-4· 1137-8, My Early Life; 24 n. 1, 141, 144, 1258 150, 152, 155, 158-g, 168, I6g, I7I- China: 603 n. 1, 704, 726 n. 1, 1056 2, 173, 174-6, 177-g, I8I, 182-3, Cinderella: and Churchill's appeal !86, 187, 200-3, 205, 206-7, 208 for the blind, I23 210-I I, 2I2-I3, 2I4-I5, 216, 217- Civilization: and cutting down trees, I8,223,227-8,407, 505-6,507,873 42 Step By Step: 24 n. 1 Communism: 659, 858-61, 1311 The River War: new edition of, Conservative Party, the: 6-8, 1o- 1 I, 430-2 13- 14, 25-6, 6I-2, 103-5, 116, 118, The World Crisis: 1, 12-13, 24, 64, 119, 128, I71, 185, 191-5, Ig8-9, 211, 84 n. I, 85, 132-3, 139-40, I47-8, 221-2, 226, 228, 249-50, 254, 26o, 150-I, 155, 15g-6o, 162-3, I64-5, 26g, 277-g, 294-5, 348, 354, 361-2, 199, 276-7, 302, 305, 308-g, 315, 393, 434, 509-10, 5I8, 528, 534-5, 320-1, 323-4, 326, 330-2, 337-41, 57o-1, 572-3, 575, 584-6, 588, 737-g, 342-8, 353-4, 355, 374-5, 446, 497, 916, 930, 931-3, 1034, 1050, 1057, 543, 596-7, 643-4, 649, 668-g, 684, 1059-60, Io61, 1070, I072-3, 1075, 742, I I44, 1267, 1302 111 2, 1180-1, 1288, 1300, 1324, 1334- Thoughts and Adventures: 24 n. 1, 6, 1339-40 356-7, 4IO, 419, 426, 432-3, 437, Convicts: 34, 124 444, 462, 471, 491, 497, 504-5, 507, Cultured people, as 'the glittering 632 scum': 55 Broadcasts by: on Christmas Day Czechoslovakia: 92 1 1929, 119-124, 125, I3o; on Christmas Defence Co-ordination: 1185, 1327 Day 1930, 237; to the United States Disarmament: 397 n. 1, 477 n. 1, (8 May 1932), 426-30; to the Royal 489, 490-1, 496, 548,570 n. I, 7I8 n. I, Society of St George (24 April 1933), 730, 825 n. 3, 826, 923 n. I, 935, I I 52 581, 583; On world affairs (I6january Egypt: 25-6, 27, 36, 39, 51 n. 1, 6o, 1934), 702-I3, 7I4; on the causes of 62, 71, 101, 128, 155, 185,430-2, 1249, war (16 November 1934), 923; on I 250; a brief visit to, 882-3 India (30 January 1935), 1053-61, Electoral Reform: 8 1067; and the problems of subjects and Empire: 'bonds of', 51 n. 1; and political control, 13I, 134, 259, 262, 'the closest possible friendship' with 266, 270-1, 279, 287-8, 326- 8, 335- 6, the United States, 84; its 'old strength', 341-2, 357, 361 , 364- 5, 407, 408-g, 128; its future 'difficult to discern', 433-4,445-6,450-3,535-6,539,554, 149; 'splendid and united', I85; and 644-5, 647, 649-52, 668-g, 66g, 672- 'Winston's possessive instinct', 3I2j 3,856,857-8,865-6, 87I,872, 8g3-4, and 'the export of our goods', 579; its goB, gio-I 1, 915, g85 'interest' is peace, 7I3; its 'interests at Bulgaria: 92 I -2 heart', 8o3; and 'Brighton Beach', Cabinet Government: 886-8, I097 1053; the 'decisive' ten years, 1236 Canada: visit to ( 1929), g, I6-I 7, Epping constituency, the: 3 n. 3, 28- g, 30, 3 I, 32- 73, 77- 9, I I 7 j and 93, 361- 4, 366- 7, 397- 8, 583, 1066, Tariffs, 203 1070, 1072- 3, 1081, 1085-7, 1088-9, Ceylon: 591 III4, 1123, II26, 1256, 130I, 1305, Chartwell: 39, 52, gi, 167, 179, Igo, 1326 195, 242, 275, 282, 39I-2, 4I8, 555, Exchequer, the: 1 n. 2, 3 n. 3, 134-6 979- 80, g88, 1031-3, I037, 1039, Film Script ('The Reign of King BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX 1379

George V) : g8g-103 I 1272-3, I273-4, 1275-8, I282-3, I2go, Films and filming: 83, 88, g7, 282, I298 n. 2, I29g-I30I, I303-4, 1307, 86g-7o, 876-8, 88o-I, 883, 8g4, gog, I309, I3IQ-I I, I3I4-I5, I32o-2, I344> 953-5, 962-4, 972-3, 977, 98I, g88, I345-8, 1359· I363 I033-4, I038-g, I045-6, Io66-7, Io8I, Gold Standard, the: 357-8,362, 399 II08, II26-7, II2g, II37 Hoare-Laval Pact (of I935), the: Financial affairs, shares and in­ I348-51, I353-5, I357-6o come: 2, 3, 4 n. I, I2-I3, 2I-2, 23-4, Holland: I2I8 26, 32, 40, 6I, 64, 84, 86-7, 95, 98, Hungary: 921-2, I290 108 n. 3, I64-6, I68, I69, I86, 244, Hyphens, a 'revolt' about: 8I4 330,332,337,35o-3,355-6,360,368- India: the Irwin declaration (I 929), 9, 37I, 385, 3go, 39I, 4I7-I8, 438-g, I07-III, Il4-I5, I28-g, I55, I56; the 442, 460, 472-3, 487, 4g7, 502, 5I8, attempt on Irwin's life, I25-6; Con­ 64I, 642, 644, 69g, 7I8, 7I9, 742, 835> servative attitudes to the Labour 85I-2, 856, 876, 87g, 88g, 963, 982, Government's India policy, I8o-I, 984, I035, I037, I046, I I29, I I37, 184, I85, I86, 187-8, I9g, 222, 224-5, 122g, I262 229-35. 236, 239-40, 24I-2, 243> France: 47 n. I, Ig6-7, 548 n. 2, 245-6,247,25o-I, 252-8,26o-2, 263- 554 n. I, 555, 570, 730, 825 n. 3, 90I, 6,269, 279,28o-I,282-3,283-4,285- 92I, 943· 95g-6o, 975-6, 985, xo6o, 6, 288-go, 29I-3, 295-300, 302-4, II07-8, II40, II64, II98, I2I5, I2I6, 305, 309, 3I I, 3I2, 3I4, 3I5, 3I8-I9, I239-40, 127I, I28I-2, 1290, I359, 323; Conservative attitudes to the I363, I366; visits to, 847--9, 85I, 853- National Government's India policy, 4, 856, 862-3, I252, 1254-5, 1334, 363, 370, 372, 38I, 388, 39I, 397, 39g, I338 406,4I4-I5,4I7,426,434-6,447;and Friendships: I58, I67-8, 176-7, the setting up of a Joint Select Com­ 185-6, I88, I93-4, I95, 2oo-I, 2I5, mittee on Indian Constitutional Re­ 249, 25I, 272, 30o-I, 359, 364, 4I2, form, 448, 456, 458, 47I, 48o-2, 502, 424-5, 44o-1, 6x8-I9, 663-4, 66g, 5I2, 513, 5I8, 524, 526-7, 529-30, 672, 683, 8I8-23, 833· 843-4, 847, 53I-2, 534--9> 542, 544-7, 549-55, 878-g, 884-5, 893, 899, 929, 935· 971, 556--g, 562-9, 57o-1, 572-4, 575--9, 974-5, 984, III7, II20, II23, II63- s8o, 58I-2, 583-6, 587--gi, 592-6, 4> 1 I68-g, 1207, I213-14, 1226, I259- 598-600,602-4,606-7,6I3,6I6,62I- 6o, 1261-2, I269-7o, 1272, I288-g, 2, 65o-2,654-5,665, 673-6,677,678- 1297, I307-8, I3I8-I9, I337 9, 681-2, 685-6, 69o-1, 695, 715, 7I8, General Strike (of 1926), the: u8 723, 726, 732, 737-39, 754, 777; and n. I, 1349 the breach of privilege charge, 6I6, Germany: I96-7, 199, 208-g, 210, 620, 623, 63o-I, 634, 637, 638, 669, 267, 268, 311, 477, 496 n. I, 554 n. I, 678, 723,74o-2, 743-54.754-78,779- 570 n. I, 626, 7I7 n. I, 7I8 n. x, 726- 84, 786--go, 792-4, 799-802, 803-13, 7, 824, 825 n. 3, 834 n. 1, 836, 838-g, 8x5,816,833-4,843,893,902-4, 905; 846, 84g-5o, 853, 855, 859, 896, 901, and the Joint Select Committee Re­ 92Q-2, 928-g, g33-5, 937--9, 941-6, port, 813-14, 817-18, 823, 82g-3o, 947-9, 95g-6o, 985, Io6o, I107-8, 831, 832-3, 839-40, 84o-1, 841-2, I 122, I I29, I 131-3, I 135, I 140, I I42, 845, 857-8, 863, 865-6, 872, 873-4, II48-50, Il5I, II52-62, II64, II69- 881-2, 893-4, 896, 906, 908, 91o-1 I, 70, 1I71-3, I174, u75-6, I178-g, 915-16, 918-1g, 924, 927-8, 93o-3, II91, u98, 1208-9, I2II, 1216-I7, 946-7, 952-3, 956-8, 961-2, 964-6, 1229-30, 1234-5, 1240, 1247, 1264, 967-8, 969-70, 974, 98I-2, 985, 1035, BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX

Churchill, (Sir) Winston Leonard I29I, I298 n. 2, I300-I, I305, I306, Spencer-contd. I3I2-I3, I322, 1333. I349. I350, I038, I043· I044-5. IOSI, I053-6I, I353. I357-8 Io63-5, 1067, Io76--8, 108o, 1082-3, Liberal Party, the: 6--8, Io-I I, 25, 1087-8, 109I-3, 1095, 1096--7, I099- 27, 103-5, u9, I28, I7I, I86, 226, I I02, II06--7, II09-I II I, II II-I2, 363, 366, 585, 9I6, Io7o, I293 I II3-I4, II I8-I9, II22-3, I I23-4, Marlborough's Battlefields: 459, II26, II28--g, II40, II47, II69, II79> 466, 468--g, 473-8 u82, u83, II86, u88--g, II9o-I, Morocco: a visit to (December u93-4, I197, 1228, 1243- 5, I256, I935), I363-7 1257-9, I265, I343, I349; and the National Debt, the: 134-6 Select Committee on Witnesses (March Naval Preparedness (in I935): 1935), I I02-4, I2I2 I248--g, I25o, I2SI-2, I263- 4, I264-5, Ireland: 293, 375-6, 400, 408, 4I2- I266, I27I, I273. I279. I34I, I352 I3, 420, 440, 470, 529, 65I, 7I I, 1055, Naval Treaty, the: 156--7, 185 I I97 Nuremberg Laws (of I935), the: Italy: 570 n. I, 92I-2, 943, 1060, 1344 II64, I239-40, I249, I255, I262-4, Painting: Churchill's hobby, 6I, 68, I27G-2, I279, I290, I298 n. 2, I300-I, I79. 393, 396, 856, I257, I258, I362, I306, I333· I358, I359 I365 Japan: 603 n. I, 6I6, 704, 726 n. I, Palestine: 62, 7I, 22o-I, 22I, 884, 823, 92I, 1060 960-I, 969 Jethol: Japanese occupation of Parliamentary Reform: 324-5, 708- (I933), 603 II, 728 Jews, the: and Palestine, 86 n. I; Peace Ballot, the (of June I935): in Chicago, 99; in America, 22o-I; I202-3, I358 'of the most porcine description', 268; Poland: 197, 92I 'truly a wonderful race', so6; Churchill Prisoner-of-War camp, a: Chur­ praises 'a great friend of', I I I 7 n. I; chill's escape from (in 1900), 36, 205, German allegations against, I 3 I I- 2I3 I2 Public Works: Churchill's appeal 'King and Country': Daily Mail for (February I933), 528 n. 2 slogan upholding, Churchill's support Rearmament (especially air re­ for (I932), 485 armament): 718 n.I, 726, 727, 730, 'King and Country' debate, the: 734, 797, 802, 825 n. 3, 836, 838--g, Churchill 'shocked by result of' 846, 84g-so, 879. 923 n. I, 926--7, (February I933), 525; Randolph 928--g, 933-s. 936--7, 937--g, 94I-6, Churchill's 'hard test' in reply to, 947-50, 956, 958-6o, 968, 979, 1074, 546; its effect on Mussolini alleged II06, II07-8, I II6, II I 7-18, I II9, (I935), I3I2; an instance of'the spirit I I22, 1 I29, I 131-3, I I34> 1138, I 140, of enterprise and adventure', I 3 I 9 I I4I-2, II43, 1 I52-62, II65, II67-8, Labour Party, the: 6--8, Io-I I, 103- II69, II74> II75-6, II78-9, II8o, 5, I I8 n. I, I28, 36I-2, 363, 585, 9I6, 1184, 1 I9I, 1204-s. I2oS--g, 1215-24, I034· 1058--g, 106I, 1095· I I IS, I293· 1229-30, I24I-3, 1245-8, I268, 1272- I348, I358 3> 1273-4. I275-8, 1305, 1356--7 Leadership: 'our necessity for', 907 Reparations and War Debts: 71 n. 2, League of Nations, the: 706, 92I, II8 n. 1, I98, 362, 399 942-3, I056, II6I, I202-3, I204-5, Research help: I, 5, 15, IB-19, 24, 1209, I240, I264, I27o-2, I284- 5, 33-4,63, 75-7, 1 I2, II9, 127, 145, 150, BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX

172, 238--g, 24o-1, 246-7, 283, 291, (30 January 193I), 254; on India 305, 308--g, 315, 318, 319, 321-2, (23 February I93I), 280; on Parlia­ 328-g,335,338-4I,344-7>348-g,355, mentary Government (5 March 1931), 358-6o, 369-70, 371, 379, 384, 4Io, 281; on Socialism and India (26 March 415-16, 421, 438, 439, 443, 445, 454- 1931), soB; on India (I3 May 1931), 5>456-7,458,46I,463,465-6,467-8, 323; at Oxford (8June 1931), 325-6; 473, 476-7, 479, 485-6, 489, 491, 492, on the formation of the National 493, 494, 499-500, 501, 504, 51 I, 514, Government (II November 1931), 517-18, 520, 52I-2, 524, 531, 532-3, 372; on Anglo-American relations 534,54I,544>56o,56I-2,57I-2,60I- (II December I931), 395; in New 2, 6o5-6, 6o8-r r, 6r2, 6r6, 6rg, 623, York (25 January 1932), 397; in 628, 62g-3o, 633, 635-6, 638-42, 658, Brooklyn (28 January 1932), 397; in 699-700, 70o-2, 714, 716-18, 719, Hartford (3I January 1932), 398; 73Q-I,734,736,742-3,794-6,8I4-I5, elsewhere in the United States 8s7-8, 842-3, 857, 874-5, 94o-r, (February I932), 398 n. 2; on India 976, II66-7, II 77, r r 79, II83, II93, (27 June 1932), 449; on disarmament 1230, 1238, 126o-r, 1267-8, 128g, and the European situation (23 1292, 1296 November I932), 496; and the effect of Singapore: 51 n. r, 823 'Socialist control upon the national Socialism: 'borrowed from Russia spirit' (r8 February 1933), 525; on and Germany', 142 n. 3; and India, unemployment (r6 February 1933), so8; the 'infection' of, 36s-4; and the 528; on air power (14 March I933), need to 'rebuke', 367; and the 'national 548; on the European situation (23 spirit', 525 March 1933), 554; on the dangers of Soviet Russia: 197-8, 317, 397 n. 2, disarmament (13 April 1933), 570; 704, 707, 730, 859, 921, 1056, II07-8, on India (28 June 1933), 621; on 1349, 1363 Marlborough (4 October 1933), 657- Speeches: on the Conservative Party 6o; on Imperial Defence (7 February (r3 May; 1904), 62 n. 4; on loan re­ 1934), 718; on India (6 March I934), payments (r6 July 1929), 14 n. I; on 737 n. 2; on accusation of breach of Egypt (26 July 1929), 25-6; in privilege (r6 April 1934), 760, 764, Canada, 47 n. I, 49 n. r, 51, 53,59 n. 2, 765, 766; defending the accusation 6g, 70, 71-2, 79; in the United States (13 June 1934), 8o8, 8r3; on India (25 October Ig2g), 48 n. I, 83, go, IOI; (22 June 1934), 8r6; and air force about Canada (25 November Ig2g), expansion (30 July 1934), 833-4, 835; II7; on the Insurance Bill (24 and the Irish Sweepstake (7 November December 1929), I I8 n. r; at the I934), gr6; the Betting and Lotteries Oxford Union (6 March 1930), I37-8, Bill (12 November 1934), 922; on 140, I42; the Labour Government's India (4 December 1934), 956; on economic policy (13 March 1930), India (12 December I934), g6r-2; on 143 n. 2; on the Naval Treaty (15 May India (25 January 1935), 1039; on 1930), 157 n. I; the Romanes Lecture India (II February 1935), 1074; on (rg June I93o), 163-4; on India (20 Party loyalty and the National Govern­ August I930), I8o; in his constituency ment (5 February 1935), 1075; on air (October-November I930), 221; on rearmament (I 9 March I 935), II I 6; India (II December I930), 229, 23I, on Foreign Policy (2 May 1935), 232-3; on the Trade Disputes Bill II64 n. 2, II65; on rearmament (28 January I931), 252; on India (22 May 1935), n8o; on Foreign (26 January 1931), 253; on India Affairs (31 May 1935), I 184; on BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX

Churchill, (Sir) Winston Leonard Colijn, Dr H.: 966 Spencer-contd. 'Colonel Blimp': and Churchill, 1066 n. 4 India (5 June I935), I I9o; on Colvin, Ian D.: 685-6, 906 Foreign Affairs (II July I935), I210, Commodus, Emperor: 625 I2II; on German rearmament (26 Comyns Carr, (Sir) A. S.: 368 September I935), I268, I270; at the Congleton, 5th Baron: killed in action, Conservative Party Conference (4 I9 n. I October I935), I288; on German Cook, A. J.: 104, 286 rearmament (24 October I935), I298, Cooke, T. R. A.M.: I69 n. 2 I300, I303, I304 Coombs, David: 68 n. I Tariffs: Protection and Imperial Cooper, Alfred Duff (later Viscount Preference 6, II, I2, I4-I5, 35, 45, Norwich): 225 n. I, 303 n. I, 394 n. 2, I30, I36-7, I4I-2, I44, I46, I63, I68, 6I 7, 623-6, 627, 864, I047, I098, I69, I9I-5, I98-g, 203-4, 207, 2I I, II24 n. 2; and German air strength, 22I-2, 226, 243> 248, 254, 259, 278, I I 56 n. I ; and his biography of Haig, 3I3, 366-7, 389, 429, 509 I259 n. I; becomes Secretary of State Tangier: Churchill visits (December for War, I325-6; and the Hoare-Laval I935), I36I-2 proposals, I349, I35I, I354 United States: Churchill's visit to Cooper, Lady Diana: 225 n. I, 394 n. 2, (I929), 9-Io, I6-I7, I9-2I, 22, 24,28- I047, 1098, I105, II24 n. 2; at 3I,4I-2,48,49,52,59,6o,69,73-I06; Chartwell, I I2g-3o visit to (I93I-2), 38I-407; broadcast Coote, (Sir) Colin: 465-6; and national to (8 May I932), 426-30; reports defence, 949, 956 from, and reflections on, I 68, I 98, Corbett, Sir Julian: 33-4, 700 209, 392, 395, 397 n. 2, 398 n. I, 403-5, Cosgrave, William: 375, 376, 400 438-g, 442, 443 n. I, 457, 472 n. 2, Coster, Ian: helps Churchill with an 495,50 I, 6o6, 6I6, 642-3,653 n. I, 728, article, I I 70, I I 77, I I 79 90I, 943, I3o6, I34I Courtauld,J. S.: I092 Wireless: 'a great boon', 40; 'a Courtney, Air Vice-Marshal (Sir) xniracle', I 20 Christopher: I224 n. I Zionism: 86 n. I, 22D-I, I I I7 n. I Cowdray, Viscount: 58 Cicero: 380 n. 2 Cox, Harold: I 34 Clair, Rene: I084 Coxe, Archdeacon William: perpetuates Clare Lees, Sir William: 748 an error, 70I Clark, Sir William: 50 Craddock, Sir Reginald: and the Govern­ Clarke, Tom: I74, I75, I76 ment's India policy, 256, 3I5, 545, Clay, H. H. Spender-: 290, 292 682, I I82 n. I Clemenceau, Georges: 636, 87I, I238, Cranfield, A. L. : I 098-9, I I I 5, I I 29 n. 2 ; I260-I and Churchill's India Bill dinner, Clifford, 26th Baron de: his trial, I350 II82 n. I Clifford, (Sir) Bede: 392, 393, 395 Crawford, Douglas: 245; and the Man- Clive: and the battle ofPlassey, I053 chester 'evidence', 74I-2, 743-7, 754-5 Clive, Lord: and India, II82 n. I Crawford, Joan: 83 n. 2 Clutterbuck, Captain E. R.: I I45 Creedy, Sir Herbert: 885 Cochran, C. B.: and Sarah Churchill's Cresswell, Michael: and German air dancing, I295-6, I3I5-I6 strength (I935), II43 n. I, II5I n. 2 Cockran, Bourke: I 78, 398 n. I Crewe, Marquess of: 375 Colebaugh, Charles H.: 40I-5 Crichton, J. R. D.: 727 Coleridge: and Macaulay, 688 Cripps, Sir Stafford: 702, I306 BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX

Cripps, Violet: 863 Davis, Godfrey: 15 n. 3 Crocker, William H.: 17, 28, 29, 3I, 59, Davison, Sir William: and India, 6g, 8g, 93, 94, 666 n. I, 68o 296 n. 3 Cromer, rst Baron: and Egypt, 430 Dawes, Charles G.: 82 n. 1 Cromer, 2nd Baron: I254 Dawnay, Colonel Alan: gro-11, 915 Cromie, Captain: murdered by the Dawson, Geoffrey: 222, 233 n. 1, Bolsheviks, 2 IO n. I 288, 290, 291-2, 436, 594, gr6; and Cromwell, Oliver: on 'Being and Well­ the Hoare-Laval proposals, 1349 being', I3I7 n. I De Gaulle, General: 245 n. 2 Crookshank, Captain Harry (later Vis- De La Colonie, Jean Martin: I27 n. 2 count): 760 Delatour, Mr: gr, 93 Cross, Wilbur: 398 n. I Delavigne, Doris: 848, 1258 Cudlipp, Percy: I I 3 I, I I 70 De L' Isle and Dudley, 4th Baron: Cunliffe-Lister, Sir Philip (later Viscount !67 n. 3 Swinton): and the Conservative Party Dell, Robert: and German aluminium leadership crisis (I 93 I), 294; and imports (1935), 1134-5 Palestine, g6I; and his 'differences' Del Val, Marquis Merry: 274 with Churchill (I935), 1065; be­ Demetriadi, A. C.: 'furious', 750 comes Secretary of State for Air Demosthenes: 380 n. I (June I935), I I43 n. 2, I Igg-I200, Denain, Victor: on German air strength, I200, I224 n. I; and Air Defence 933-4 Research, I22g-3o, I23I-8, I272, Denman, Richard: 11 02 n. 2 I273; and aircraft production, I24I-3, Derby, I 7th Earl of: 'I should like to I 245, I 248, I 266 have a talk with you', 312; Churchill Cuno, Dr Wilhelm: 208 writes to, about India, 417; and the Curtis, Cyrus: I 53 n. 2 Joint Select Committee on Indian Curtis Bennet, Sir Henry: I 350 n. 2 Constitutional Reform, 563; and the Curtis Brown, Adam: 99 n. 4, I02, Manchester 'evidence', 620, 623, I3I n. 2, I53 n. 3, I5g-6o, I70, I7I, 630-I, 634, 637, 638, 678, 74I, 743-7, I77, I8g 749-52, 752-3, 754-5· 755-8, 758--g, Curzon, Marquess: and the Govern­ 764, 76g, 771, 772, 773. 776, ment's India policy (in 1917), 1077; 78I, 782, 788, 792-3, 794, Boo, Churchill's essay on, 1261 8o4 n. 2, 8o6, 8o8 n. I, 8I5, I102-4, Cushendun, Baron: 1o8 1212 n. I ; and the India Bill contro­ Czernin, Count: 199 versy (1934-5), 823, 968, 1064; 'People won't stand treachery twice', D'Abemon, Viscount: 206 1087; and a reconciliation with Dalkeith, Countess of (later Duchess Churchill, 125g-6o, 126g-7o, 1272 of Buccleuch): 666-7 Desborough, Baron: 2 I Darling, (Sir) W. Y.: go6-7, 926; and Desborough, Lady: 952 a gift for Churchill, 394 n. 2 De Valera, Eamon: 375, 400, 408 n. r, Davidson, H. 0. D.: and Churchill's 412, 420, 440, 470, 474, 529 n. 2; and schooldays, 202 'the bogs of Ireland', 711 Davidson, J. C. C.: 7, 142 n. 2, 207, Devil, the: William Randolph Hearst 222, 234 n. 2, 292 n. I, 293, 296, 312, regarded as, g8 651 n. 2, 674-5, I 106 Dewar, Rear-Admiral Kenneth: 33-4, Davies, Marion: 83 n. 2, 87 n. 3, 88, 97 38,75, 76, 112,328-g,341,36g-70 Davies, Major Percy: 530, 8go, 984, 1292 Dholpur, Maharaja of: 'pressure'on, I092 n. 1, 1330 Dickens, Charles: 785 BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX

Diggle, Captain N. W.: 574 Edleston, Doris: 282 n. 2 Disraeli, Benjamin (Earl Beaconsfield): Edmonds, Brigadier-General Sir James: IS n. I, 26, 584, 8I9 76, 77. I40, 202, 302, 3I6, 340, 344· Diston, A. Marshall: 725, 729-30; helps 345. 348, 349. 66I-2, 697. 796, I074 recast Churchill's articles, 940-I, Edward VII, King: 36 n. I I238--9, I253 n. 2, I260-I, I267-8, Edward, Prince of Wales (later Edward I29I, I292, I302, I303 VIII), 57, 58, I2o, 2o3, 676-7, Dixey, A. C. N.: I105, I337 n. I 88o, 885-6; and a gift to Churchill, Dollfuss: 892 n. 2 394 n. 2; and Churchill's film script, Don, F. P.: and German air strength 1008; his cruise and the imminence (in I935), II3I ofwar, I290 Donner, (Sir) Patrick: 538, 550, 554, Eidinow, Allan J. : I18g-9o, I I92 583, 665, 7I8, 8I6, 8I7 n. I, 829, Elibank, Master of: 6I4 964-5, I040, 1088, I I48, I169, II82 Elles, Lieutenant-General Sir Hugh: n. I ; 'you never seem to forget any­ I224 n. I, I232, I233 body', I337 Elliot, Katharine (later Baroness): 904 Donoughmore, Earl of: 435 Elliot, Maxine: Churchill to stay with, Dowding, Air Marshal Sir Hugh: I224 842 ; Churchill comments on her n. I financial difficulties, 848; a Churchill Downie, P.M.: 8I6 n. I family visit to, 853, 854, 863; Church­ Drinkwater, John: I043 n. I ill's visit to (in August I935), I252, Drogheda, Lord: quoted, I3I8 n. I I257-9; mentioned, I228 Dryden: 785 Elliot, Walter: 338 n. 2, 340, 353-4, Duchene, Achille: 820 664, 707, 78o, 88o, 904, I2II Dudley, 3rd Earl of: 666, 848 Emery, R. G.: 962 Dudley Ward, Freda: 1098, I ros, Emmott, Charles: 8I I n. 3, 1049 II24 n. 2; at Chartwell, I129-30 England, Colonel Abraham: 235 Du Maurier, George: I30 n. I Entwistle, Major Cyril: and Ceylon, Dumont,J.: 4I5 59I n. I Duncannon, Viscount (later Earl of Epantchine, General Nicolas: I339 Bess borough): 62, 269 Erleigh, Viscount: 440 n. I Dundas, C. K. M.: II22 n. I Erskine, Lord: and India, 970 Durand, Colonel H. M.: I36I-2 Evans, A. J.: 270 n. I Dyer, General: 388 n. 2 Evans, (Sir) Arthur: I257 Evans, Charles: 905-6 Eaglesome, Sir John: 632 Everest, Barbara: 1090 n. 4 Eden, Anthony (later Earl of Avon): Everest, Mrs: Churchill's nurse, 206 I052 n. I; his visit to Moscow (I935), Everitt, Charles R.: 386, 390, 403, 480, I107-8; his 'serious physical set 483, 488--9, 492-3, 503, 5I8 n. I, back', II39; his earlier disarm­ 779, 888--9o, 955-6, 1067 n. I ament mission, I156; an honorary Ewing, Sir Alfred: and Churchill's degree, I 200 n. I, I344; and Abyssinia, film script, I020-I I239-40; criticized byConsueloBalsan, I29o; and the Hoare-Laval proposals, Fairbanks, DouglasJnr: 83 n. 2 I 349, I 35I ; foresees his resignation, Falkenhayn, Frau Benita von: beheaded I35I-2; becomes Foreign Secretary, (I935), II07 I36on. I,I363; Churchill warns his son Falkenhayn, Lieutenant-General Erich not to write an 'injurious' article about, von: 346, 347 n. I 1364 Feakins, William B.: 384, 392 BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX

Feiling, (Sir) Keith: 238-g, 246, 454-5, Flower, (Sir) W. N.: 468 46I, 467, 475, 485-6, 493, 511, Foot, Isaac: and India, 1109 5I5, 5I6-I7, 52I-2, 525, 56I-2, Forbes, Alderman Donald: 1066 n. 2, 6oo n. 2, 6o8, 6I2, 6I9, 628, 633, 1088 n. 2 640, 66I, 70o-2, 7I7-IB, 743, B35, Ford, Henry: I6, 24I B36, B43; and the History rifthe English­ Foreman, Carl: 14I n. 2 Speaking Peoples, 640 n. I, 64I-2, B74-5, Forester, C. S.: 141 n. 2 Io67, I253 n. 2, I36B; and Churchill's Fox, Charles james: 61 I, I043, 1062 speech on air rearmament, B35 Francisjoseph, Emperor: 333 Feisal, Emir: IB2 n. 2 Francis, Sir Philip: and Warren Hast- Fellowes, Air Commodore P. F. M.: I074 ings, 769 Ferdinand, Arch Duke Francis: and Franckenstein, Georg: 335 Churchill's film script, 1006 Francois, General: 34 7 n. 1 Ferguson, Sir John: 44 n. 2, I4I Fraser, Captain (Sir) Ian: I23 Fergusson, (Sir) Donald: 67I, 90I Fraser, Dr Simon: Bo2 Filson Young, Alexander Bell: 923 Freeman, DouglasS.: BB6, goB, I229 Findlay, Richard J.: 'Randolph's man' Freeman-Thomas, Inigo: 49 at the Norwood by-election, 10B3, French, Sir John (later Viscount French I0B7, I I I4; loses his deposit, I I I5 of Ypres): 9 n. 2, B7 n. I, 99 n. 4, Fisher, Admiral of the Fleet Lord: 123B, I261 and Churchill's film script, I025; Frewen, Clara: Churchill's aunt, 1035- Churchill's essay on, I267 6; her death, 1036, I042-3, 10B1 Fisher, H. A. L.: 5, I5 n. 3, I34 n. 2, Frewen, Hugh: I042-3 I37, I63-4, 66o, 667 Frewen, Oswald: 1036, I 042-3 Fisher, Rear-Admiral Sir W. W.: Freyberg, General (Sir) Bernard: 902 'a very good man', I263 Froude, J. A. : 43 7 Fisher, Sir Warren: 45I-2 Fry, Sir Geoffrey: nB, B79; Churchill's FitzAlan of Derwent, Viscount: and help 'cannot be refused' (October India, 545, 5 7B; supports Randolph 1935), I2gi n. I Churchill's first by-election challenge, Fuad, King of Egypt: 'despotic', 27 I063; and the final stage of the India Bill, I IB2 n. I Gainford, Baron: 266, 2B7 Fitzmaurice, Commandant].: 37 n. 3 Galsworthy, John: 15I n. 1 Fitzroy, E. A.: and the Joint Select Gamelin, General: and the Hoare­ Committee on Indian Constitutional Laval proposals, I 359 Reform, 536; and Churchill's breach Gandhi, M. K.: IBo n. 3, 254 n. 2, of privilege charge, 755-B, 790, 257, 25B n. I, 26I, 2B5; 'a seditious Bog; and Britain's air strength, II4I, Middle Temple lawyer', 2Bo n. 1; 1152, 11B9 'surrender to', 2B5, 2B6; Lord Irwin's Flandin, Pierre Etienne: Churchill con­ 'pact' with, 2BB, 290, 292-3, 296 gratulates, 9I7; a banquet for, 1065, n. 3, 302, 306, 363; and Mother I06g; his accident, n67; visits Chart­ India, 309 n. 2; his friendship with well, I206; Churchill's letter of an English Jew from Dover, 327 n. 1; foreboding and encouragement to and the India Round Table Con­ (July Ig35), I2I5; Churchill's visit to, ference, 372 n. 2; imprisoned, 3BB 1334. I33B, 1340, 135I n. I, 3B9, 3g9, 435; his release Fleming, Major Valentine: B7g n. I forecast, 4 I 7; negotiations with, pro­ Floud, Sir Francis: helps Churchill posed, 449; Hoare wishes to proceed with an economic article, 500, 504 'warily' with, 4 7 I ; possible 'irreverent Ig86 BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX

Gandhi, M. K.-contd. Goodwin: the architect, 8I, 98o-I, thing' to be said about, 58I n. I ; I032, I037, 1063, 1085, I094, I 105 his 'religious allure', 676; the political Gordon, General: murdered at Khar­ officers' view of, 7 I 5; his emissaries toum, 43I to Churchill, 868, 873, 9I8-I9, II97 Gordon-Lennox, Victor: and German n. I, I242-5, I265, I343 strength, I I 5 I Gardiner,]. G.: 55 Goring, Hermann: I276, n. I; and Garfield, Harry A. : I 7, 28 German rearmament, I32I Garvin, J. L.: 74, 304, 388, 582, 6oo, Goschen, 2nd Viscount: and India, 296 604-5, 6I2, 628; urges Baldwin to Goschen, Sir Harry: 264, 394 n. I give Churchill a place in the Cabinet Goslinga, Sicco van: 6o8-9 (I935), II7I, II87, I255-6 Gould, Mrs B. A. : 1083 n. I, II o6, II I 4 Gathorne-Hardy, General Francis: I048- Gower, Sir Patrick: and India, 65I n. 2 9, 1083 n. 3 Graham, Colonel Stuart: I I46 Gathorne-Hardy, Lady Isobel: 1048 Graham-Little, Dr E. G.: 964-5 Gaunt, Admiral Sir Guy: I36I, I362 Grandi, Count Dino: I I77, I27D-3, I350 n. I Grayson, Admiral Cary T.: 666 n. I, Geddes, Sir Eric: 86I, 884-5, 929 692-3 George III, King: 380 n. I Greaves-Lord, Sir Walter: resigns, 1083 George V, King: Churchill's inscription n. I to, 668, 67o-I; receives a deluxe Greene, (Sir) Wilfrid (later Baron): edition of Marlborough, 88o; and I092, I I79 Churchill's Jubilee film, 953-5, 972-4, Greenhill, (Sir) Denis: 486 n. I 989-I03I; 'deeply incensed' about Greenway, Baron: and India, 26o-I developments in India, 1092, I I IO-I I Grenville, Lord: I360 n. I George, Professor: 420 Gretton, John (later Baron): 1 I, 226 Germains, V. W.: 337 n. I, 28I, 284, 289, 297, 299; and Gibbins, Joseph: Randolph Churchill's Ireland, 408, 4I3; and India, 53I, election opponent, I 298 n. I ; elected, 547, 556-7, 564, 893, 905, 924, I I82 I325 n.I n. I; and Germany, II 56 n. I, II68 Gibbon, Edward: 625, 72I Grey, Charles G.: I343 Gibbs, Sir Philip: 494 n. I Grey, Spenser D. A.: Churchill helps, Gielgud, Val: 668 I226; and some 'ill-natured' para­ Gilbert, S. Parker: I90, 267 graphs about Churchill, I342-3 Giles, Brigadier E. D.: I84 Grey, Sir Edward (later Viscount Grey Gilmour, H. E.: 726 of Fallodon): 9 n. 3, I86 n. I, 322, Ginsbury, Norman: 1090 n. 4 366; and a gift to Churchill, 394 n. 2; Gish, Lillian: 97 n. 2 Churchill's sketch of, 984-5; and Gladstone, W. E.: 35; and General Churchill's film script, IOIO; and Gordon, 43 I ; and Home Rule, Churchill's sympathy for, I292 n. I 584, 65I; his eclipse, 604-5; and Grigg, Sir Edward (later Baron Altrin­ Macaulay, 688; and Churchill's film cham): I34 n. I, 597 n. 2; 'a great script, 992, 995 friend ... deplorable', 607 Glyn, (Sir) Ralph: 364-5, 953, I339-40, Grigg, (Sir) P. J.: I58, I95, 663-4, I342 952-3 Goebbels,Joseph: and rearmament, I 32 I Grosvenor, Lady Dorothy: 66 n. 2, 88 Goethe: quoted, 822; 956 n. I Grosvenor, Lord Edward: 66 Goldschrnidt-Rothschild, Baroness: I344 Grosvenor, Lady Ursula: 'more lovely Gooch, G. P.: 322 than ever', II37 BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX

Guepratte, Admiral E. P. A.: 975-6 Halle, Samuel Horatio: 393 n. I Guest, Amy: 20 n. 3, I250-I Halsbury, Ist Earl of: cited, 79g-8oo Guest, F. E.: 20, 24, I65, I66; his Halsbury, 2nd Earl of: and the advice to Churchill, 207, so8-Io, Manchester 'evidence', 804-5 635, 8g7; and air defence, 924 n. I, Halswell, Colonel Gordon: 610, 66I I I5I n. 2, I I 56 n. I; and his standing Hamblin, Grace: 242 n. 3, 282 n. 2, at Court, I I68-g; seeks 'the old 729, 849, 853, 878, I I24, I253, I368 alignment of political and cousinly Hamilton, Sir Ian: 9 n. 2, I8 n. I, 208-g, intimacy', I25Q-I; and national de­ 377 n. I, 394 n. 2, 924, 925 fence, I268 Hamlet: 97 n. 2 Guest, Lionel: 268 Hammersley, Major-General F.: 377 Guest, Winston: and Anglo-American Hammond, Sir Laurie: and India, 65I relations, I I 6g n. 2 Guinness, Diana (later Lady Mosley): Hammond Foot, E.: seeks mobilization 6s of British air defences, I I 22 Guinness, Walter (later Baron Moyne): Hankey, Sir Maurice (later Baron) : 65 n. 3, 108, 250; for later index 338 n. 2, 340, 342-4, 344, 377; entries see Moyne, Baron 'interrupted' by Churchill, 35 7-8; and Guthrie, T. Anstey: 539-40 Churchill's books in the Dominions, Gwyer, Sir Maurice: and India, I 110 g86; and air defence research, g87 n. I, Gwynne, H. A.: 337, 340, 565, 587-9, g88; and Churchill's film script, 922; and British defence policy, I025; and German air strength, I I 54, 926-7, II74, II75-6, 1178-9; and II 56 n. I, II 64; and Anglo-German Churchill's India Bill dinner, I I82 n. I policy, I I 72; and the request to Churchill to return his Cabinet papers, Haggard, (Sir) Godfrey: go, IOI I I95-7, I Ig8-g, I203-4; and Air Haggard, Rider: 465 Defence Research, I 207, I 209, I 2 I 2; Haig, Lady: in dispute with her hus­ and Churchill's comments on the band's trustees, I258-g German air force, I275 n. I; and Haig, Sir Douglas (later Earl): 65 n. 3; Desmond Morton's notes on arma­ his wartime work described, goo-I; ment production, I28o; and Church­ and Churchill's film script, I027-8; ill's notes on comparative British and Churchill's article on, I292, I302 German air production and potential, Hailey, Sir Malcolm: 229, 232-3, 236, I345 293, I 200 n. I Hannibal: 380 n. I Hailsham, Viscount: I8o, 258 n. I, Hannon, (Sir) Patrick: I45 n. 3, 308 n. I 294, 303, 377-8, 440 n. I, 447, 62I, Harcourt, Viscount: 35 776, 934, 937, II22; becomes Lord Harding, Sir Edward: and Ireland, 376 Chancellor, I I94 Hardy, Thomas: 484 Haldane, Viscount: I70, 6I4 Harmsworth, Esmond (later 2nd Vis­ Hales, H. K.: 'a ridiculous person', count Rothermere) : and the Govern­ 448-g ment's India policy, 225, 240, 243, Halifax, 3rd Viscount: and Churchill's 246, 247, 259, 299, 406, 6o6; breach of privilege charge (I 934), 789; Churchill's articles for, 35o-I, 353, and the Joint Select Committee 355-6,357,367-8,374,382,383,385- Report, g65 n. I ; 'wants to go home' 6, 388, 38g, 464-5. 484-5; 'you will (November I935), I325 find all falling into your lap', 372; Hall, Grant M.: 46, 54 a gift for Churchill, 394 n. I; Church­ Halle, Catherine: 275 n. I, 393 ill's letter from America to, 406-7; BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX

Harmsworth, Esmond-contd. 1224 n. 1 ; and naval armaments, and Randolph Churchill's 21st birth­ 1352 day, 440 n. 1; and Churchill's Marl­ Herbert, David: 848 borough volumes, 627, 864; and a Herriot, Edouard: 445 n. 2 Churchill broadcast, 923; an appeal Hicks-Beach, Sir Michael: 35 to, from 'Lawrence of Arabia', 1121; Hill, Albert Edwin: 282, 978, g8o, g81, mentioned, 1124 n. 2 1137 Harold, King: 380 n. 1 Hilton Young, Sir Edward (later Baron Harrap, George Steward: 2, 3, 4 n. 1, Kennet): 707-8 24, 246-7, 248, 249. 255. 355. 384, Hindenburg, Baroness von: 267, 268 439, 453-4, 455-6, 457, 458, 461, Hindenburg, Paul von: 140, 343, 347 475-6, 482-3, 515, 519, 657, 6sg, n. I, 854, 871 694,696,699.796-7,872-3,1287 Hitler, Adolf: 9 n. 3; and Sir Oswald Harrap, Violet (later Mrs Hazell): 248 Mosley, I95; Churchill's criticisms of Harrap, Walter G.: 574 (October 1930), 197; Dr Cuno's view Harrod, (Sir) Roy: 244, 1305-7, 1312- of (October I930), 208-g; and 13, 1319 Churchill's desire to see him mastered Hart-Davis, (Sir) Rupert: 1098 'by constitutionalforces' (March I 931), Hartington, Marquess of (later 1oth 311 n. 2; and the 'very grave dangers' Duke of Devonshire) : 1139 of German rearmament (September Hartington, Lord: 431, 584 1932), 477; 'the gangster' (July I933), Hartland, G. A.: and the India Bill, 627; Bernard Shaw's comment on, 1193-4 785-6; the ex-Kaiser's view of, 8o6; Hawkey, Dinah: 1066 the Daily Mail's 'boosting' of, 853; Hawkey, (Sir) James: 264, 397-8, the 'courage' of his opponents, 854; 583; 'very active and agitated', and the 'Night of the Long Knives', 1o66; and Major Bury's resignation, 855 n. 1 ; freedom of thought 'alien' to, 1072 n. 1, 1086; and an 'offensive' 859; and the German Church dispute Resolution, 1088; and an 'over­ (I934), 896; a Foreign Office analysis whelming majority' for Churchill, of, 920-2; and the defence debate in 1124 n. I; and Churchill's India Bill Britain, 926-7; and German mili­ dinner, 1182 n. I tary and air strength, I 107, 1129, Hayman,C.J.: 149n.1 I131, I143, 1157, 1158 n. 1, 116o-I, Hazlitt: 661 I 165 n. 2, I234; his plea for an Headlam-Morley, Lady: 75 'understanding' with Britain, I I6g-7o, Headlam-Morley, Sir James: 1, 75 I I 7I-2, 1172; Churchill'sarticleabout, Headley, sth Baron: a Muslim, 305-6, II75, 1200-2, 1226, 1227, 1309; his 309 offer to outlaw air bombardment Hearst, George: 88 (May 1935), I 184 n. I; and Britain's Hearst, Millicent: 16 n. 3, 87, 88, 97, 'leaderless confusion', I 203; 'watching' 666 n. 1 the British General Election, I 3 I 7; Hearst, William Randolph: I6-I7, 22, and the 'infinite joy' of marching out 28, 30, 31, 59. 69, 83, 84, 87, 88, 8g, to war, I32I; Beaverbrook's 'deal' 95, g6-7, g8, I 13 n. I, 220 with, I350; his 'friendly' telegram to Heathcoat-Amory, P. G.: 727 Rothermere, I 363; a 'far greater Heep, Uriah: 97 n. 2 peril' than Mussolini, I366 Henderson, Arthur: 39, 163, 342 n. 1, Hoare, Lady Maud (later Viscountess 358, 1077 Templewood) : 760, 804 n. I Henderson, Vice-Admiral Reginald: Hoare, Brigadier-General Reginald: I 145 BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX

Hoare, Sir Samuel (later Viscount Hogg, Quintin (later 2nd Viscount Hail­ Templewood): and India, 108-Io, sham): I38 n. I, 440 n. I III, rr4, I8o n. I, 233, 252-3, Hoggenheimer: 'I'm not rude, I'm 290, 292, 38I, 426, 436, 47I, 48o-2, rich', 268 482 n. I, 5I2 n. I, 5I3, 5I4, 524; Holland, Lord: Churchill said to re­ and the Joint Select Committee on semble, I36 Indian Affairs, 524, 525, 529, 530, Holland, Sir Thomas: 3 I 6, 3 I 7 532, 536, 537-8, 538 n. 3, 549-50, Hoover, President Herbert: I6, 100, 553 n. I, 555, 557-8, 559, 562-3, 564, 452 s66-8, 58I-2, 584, 588-g, 593-4, Hopkins, Sir Richard: 45 I 599--600, 604, 6I3, 673> 682, 6go, Borden, Colonel Charles: one of 737, 739, 754; and the Manchester Churchill's literary assistants, on mili­ 'evidence', 6I6, 620 n. 3, 623, 63o-I, tary questions, I50, 283, 305, 308-g, 669, 678, 723, 743-7> 749-52, 752-3, 331, 338, 339-40, 341, 343 n. I, 754-5, 755-8, 758, 763, 764, 765, 766, 344-7, 348, 349, 353, 358-6o, 364, 768, 769-70, no, n6, 777-8, 78I-2, 662 788-go; 792-4, 8oo, 8oi-2, 804 n. 2, Hore-Belisha, Leslie: 425 n. I; 'gambles 8o6, 8o8 n. I, 8og-ro, 8I5, I I02-4, much too high', 1257-8 II2I n. I; and Tariffs, I56; and Horne, Sir Robert (later Viscount): Churchill's memoirs, 2Io; Churchill 196, 2I6, 224, 28I, 283, 348, 354; sends condolences to, 249; a 'second and a gift to Churchill, 394 n. 2; rater', 294; a 'timid rabbit', 295; and and Ireland, 413-I4; and India, the formation of the National Govern­ 545, 552, 760, 769; and national ment, 354; and a gift to Churchill, defence, 924 n. I, I 151 n. 2, I I 56 n. I, 394 n. 2; and Churchill's judgement, 1204-5, I268; challenges the Whips 510; and Churchill's influence, 62 I -2; over Randolph Churchill's by-election and a Churchill 'philippic', 733; and at \Vavertree, 1063; Churchill's talks air policy, 734; and the Joint Select about Baldwin to, I 254-5; mentioned, Committee Report, 8I3-I4, 823; and 1342 the continuing India Bill controversy, Horsley, W. C.: 127 n. 2 832-3, 84o, 865, 872, 9I5, 946, 947, Hoskins, Sir Reginald: I 079 953, 956-8, g62, 967-8, 970, g8I-2, Ho Tung, Sir Robert: sends Churchill 985, I053, I057, Io6I, I064, Io67, tea, I333 I07I, I076, 1082-3, IOgi-3, Iogg-I IOI, Hotzendorf, Conrad von: I32, I39, I40, IIOg-11, I I I2, I I I8-Ig, I I22-3, I I23, 33I, 333 I I 84, I I go n. 2 ; and Abyssinia, Houssaye, Henry: 862 I239-40, I248-9, I25I-2; and de­ Houston, Lady: 8I7 n. 1, 1066 n. 4, fence, 937-9; and naval prepared­ Io86, 1095, III2, 1180-1 ness, I248-g, I250, I25I-2; and Howard, Sir Esme (later Baron Howard Churchill's article on Hitler, I2gg­ of Penrith): 20, IOO I300, I304, I309; and German Howard, Leslie: 988 n. I complaints about Churchill, I32o-2; Howe, 5th Earl: and India, 6o6 and the Hoare-Laval proposals, I348- Howes: Churchill's chauffeur, 1031-2, 5I, I352-4, I359, I36o; Churchill's 1037, Io63, 1085, I094-5, r 105, 1127, letter to, on his resignation, I364 II28, 1138 Hodder-Williams, Percy: 3 n. 2 Howorth, Sir Rupert: and the 'Churchill Hodsoll, (Sir) John: 945 papers', 925, I I95 Roesch, Leopold von: 734 n. I, 935, 944 Rozier, Lady Blanche: 81 n. 3 Hoffmann, Max: 340 Hromada, Dr Gebhard: 471 n. 1, 473 BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX

Hudson, Robert (later Viscount): I I6 n. Jellicoe, Earl: 328 2 Jerome, Leonard W.: 42I; Churchill's Htinefeld, Baron von: 37 n. 3 essay on, 422-3 Hunter, Sir Mark: and the Govern­ Jerome, Samuel: fought in George ment's India policy, 2I4, 232, 233-4, Washington's army, 422 234-5, 239-40, 245-6, 247, 255-6, Jerome, Timothy: sailed from England 262, 283-4, 298 n. I, 299, 306, 307, to the United States (I7I7), 422 3I4, 3I5, 3I6, 370; ill, 4I7 Jerome, William T.: 4I9 Hutchinson, Robert (later Baron): 7, Jones, A. H.: 270 n. I 22I, 8I2 Jones, (Sir) Gavin: 68I Hydari, Sir Akbar: 68I, I I07 Jones, Morgan: and India, 448 Hyderabad, Diwan of: 'cute as a bagful of Jones, Dr Thomas: 295-6, 302-3, Bos-6, monkeys', 690 I I 7 I, II 87; and Cabinet speculation Hyderabad, Nizam of: 'being bribed', (November I935), I325-6 677 Jowitt, (Sir) William: 6, 780, I099, I IOO lnchape, Earl of: 2I-2, 224 Joynwn-Hicks, Sir William (later Vis­ Inches: Churchill's butler, 863, I039, count Brentford): 44, 249, 3I5 I I30 n. I Julius Caesar: imitated by modern Inskip, John: 882 n. I dictators, I 357 Inskip, Sir Thomas (later Viscount Caldecote): 77g-8o, 805-6, 8Io; and Kahn, Otto: 28-g, 88-9, 263 Randolph Churchill's first by-election, Kant: I70 ro65; and the last phases of the India Kennedy, Joseph P.: Churchill's intro­ Bill controversy, 1076, I I09 duction to, I 267 Irving, Henry: 97 n. 2 Kensitas: Churchill rejects cigarette Irwin, Baron (later 3rd Viscount Hali­ advertisement of, so8 fax): and India, I07, I08-Io, I Io, I I I, Keppel, Mrs: 95 n. I II4, uS, I25-6, I28-9, I8o-I, I8o n. Kerensky, Alexander: I32, I39 3, 233 n. I, 24I, 250, 254 n. 2, 258 n. I, Kershaw, Sir Louis: and the Manchester 280 n. I, 288, 295, 302, 3I I, 3I2, 3I8, 'evidence', 620 n. 3, 634, 637, 638, 759 363, 588, IOSI, I IOI n. I j and n. I, 776, 8o6 Churchill's breach with the Conserva­ Keyes, C. P.: 3IO tive Party, II8, II9, Is6; receives Keyes, Sir Roger: 38, 62, I67-8, I76, letters about Churchill, I63-4, I66, 309-IO, 328, 34I n. 2, 44I, 502-3, 508, I8o-I, I82, I95, 236, 250, 252-3, 289- 8I 7 n. I, 9I I; supports Churchill's son 90, 29I-2, 292, 293, 296, 297-8; for at the Wavertree by-election, Io44; future index entries see Halifax, 3rd and the Abyssinian crisis, I 266; and Viscount the General Election (of I 935), I 307-8, lsvolsky, A. P.: 322 I3I8-I9, I327; and Churchill's pos­ sible return to the Government Jack, Mrs 'Donkey': 982, I03I (December I935), I339-40; and naval Jacob, Field-Marshal Sir Claud: I84, rearmament, I340, I34I 224, 225, 229, 577, 6o6 Keynes, J. M.: 2I9 n. I; and a gift to James II, King: I8 Churchill, 394 n. 2 Jayaker, M. R.: 677 n. 3 Kimberley, 3rd Earl of: the 'ordinary Jeffreys, Lieutenant-General (later voter' and Churchill, I326 General) Sir G. D.: 69o-1 Kincaid-Smith, Lieutenant-Colonel R.: Jelke, Frazier: 44I I I45 BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX 1391

King, (Sir) Norman: warns Churchill of Laval, Pierre: u67 n. I, I239; and the spies, 1355 Hoare-Laval proposals, I348-5I, Kipling, Rudyard: 151 n. I, 977; 'very I35I, I359 much in your debt', 664; and Chur­ Lavery, Lady: her death, 985-6 chill's second Marlborough volume, Lavery, Sir John: 986 895 Law, Andrew Bonar: and Churchill's Kitchener of Khartoum, Earl: 208 n. I, film script, I025; and the fall of 43I-2; and Churchill's film script, Lloyd George (in I922), Ioso; and IOI4; Churchill's article on, I288, the Government's India policy (in I292, I302 I9I7), 1077; not a 'sympathetic' Klopp, Onno: his eleven volumes, 1183 character for Churchill, I 292 n. I Klotz, Helmut: 892 n. 2 Law, Richard (later Baron Coleraine): Knebworth, Viscount: 595 Churchill's.election support for, I294- Knickerbocker, H. R.: 896 5, I297, I298, I3o4- 5, I3I3, I328 Knox, General Sir Alfred: 228 n. 2, 289, Lawford, V. J.: and Churchill's air 297, 299, 3I7, 338, 34I, 53 I, 545,569, policy notes, I356 8I3, 8I7 n. I, 1182 n. I Lawrence, Baron: and India, I I82 n. I Knutsford, 2nd Viscount: 2I3 Lawrence, Gertrude: I3I5 Kohl, Captain Hermann: 37 n. 3 Lawrence, T. E.: 25 n. 2; see henciforth Korda, (Sir) Alexander: 856 n. I, 86g- index entry for Shaw, T. E. 70, 876-7, 877-8, 88o-I, 883, 962-4, Lawson, Colonel E. F.: 365, 373-4 98I, 988 n. I, I033, I034, 1045-6, Leach, Polly: 389, 395 I067, 1068, I08I, I Io8, I I25, I I26-7, Lediard, Thomas: 4I5 II29, II37 Lee, Ivy L.: 4I I Kuhlmann, Richard von: I 99, 3 I 3; and Lee, Robert E.: 380 n. I Churchill's film script, I022 Legrelle, Arsene: 467 Lenin: I31 n. 4, ISS n. I, 786, 986; La Grange, Baron Amaury: 1163 Churchill's article on (in 1920), I288 Lalaing, Comte J. M. P. E. de: 487 Lennox-Boyd, Alan (later Viscount Lambton, Lady: 8I5 Boyd of Merton): 65, 965, 1049, I I47, Lambton, Major-General Sir William: I I82 n. I; Churchill's election support 8I5 for (in I935), I299, I32o; and the Lane-Fox, George (later Baron Bingley): Hoare-Laval proposals, I35I and the Government's India policy Leslie, Lady (Leonie Jerome): (I929-35), IIO, I I I, II8, I8o-I, 250, Churchill's aunt, 206, 400, 421-2, 49I, 252- 3, 28g-go, 297-8; and Churchill's 89 I -2 ; and Churchill's article on breach with the Conservative Party, Hitler, I304 I I 8, I I 9; and a Churchill success in Leslie, Sir Jack: 400, 892 Debate, I66 Leslie, Norman: killed in action (1914), Lang, Cosmo Gordon (later Baron) : and 206 India, 675, 965 n. I; the 'worst type' Leslie, (Sir) Shane: 223, 273, 318, 379, of idealist, I 290 I2oo; and Churchill's Washington­ Lansbury, George: 448, 449; and and Adam-ancestors, I327 rearmament, 489; and India, 65I, Lever, Sir Tresham: 446 760; and a defence debate, II4I; and Levit, Claude: 44I n. I Abyssinia, I240 Levy, Louis: 666 n. I Lansdowne, 6th Marquess of: I72 n. I Lewis, Mrs: 227 Larkin, Joseph M.: 4I-2, 45, 47, 52, 6o Liddell Hart, (Sir) B. H.: 425 Latta, Robert: 37 Lidiard, Sir H.: defeated, 226 n. I 1392 BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX

Lindemann, Professor F. A. (later Italo-Abyssinian dispute, 1249; 'drags' Viscount Cherwell): So, I37, 267; Garvin to see Neville Chamberlain, gives Churchill literary advice, I 78, I255 24I, 266-7, 273; at Chartwell, I90, Lloyd George, David (later Earl Lloyd­ 248, 52 I, 1068, 1069; and the Govern­ George): 8; Churchill's talk with ment's India policy, 283, 863, 927, (June 1929), I0-11; and Tariffs, 35; 1040; and Churchill's New York his bodyguard, 78 n. 3; Churchill accident, 386-7; Churchill consults, seeks advice of, IOI, 103-5; and the 444; drives with Churchill across Government's India policy (1929-35), Europe, 469, 472 n. I, 49I; s6I, 7I8, 109, I 15, I28, 243, 304, 436, 502, 5I4, 7I9, 736; Churchill's companion in 58I, 1077; and the BBC, I34, 287, France, 853, 862; and the air defence 365, 644-5, 647, 6so; and the Liberal of Britain, 879, 929, 937, 959-60, 987, split (of I930), 22I, 226, 28I; his 988, I040-I, II22 n. 2, 1187, II9I, 'bitter rhetoric', 270; his Premiership I22I, I223, I225; helps Churchill with (I916-22), 271, 336; his Mansion his film script, 1068; helps Churchill House speech (I911), 322; and the with his Hitler article, I I 75 n. I, search for a 'National Opposition', I226, I227; and Churchill's India Bill 334; an 'Easterner' (I9I5), 343; and dinner, I I82 n. I; Churchill 'much the formation of the National Govern­ indebted' to, I 22 I ; and an anti­ ment, 354; and the I93I General submarine suggestion, I 264-5; and Election, 36I n. I; and Baldwin, armaments manufacture, I28o, I283 570-1; 'his odious speeches', 67I-2; n. I, I286 n. I; joins Churchill for a and Churchill's literary work, 683; and prolonged holiday (December I935), the Manchester 'evidence', 743, 748, I338; and the 'Nuremberg Laws', 760, 769, 788, 790; his 'bitter' volume 1344 n. 3; urges Churchill to remain of memoirs, 897; and Gandhi, 9I8; abroad, I353 and rearmament, 936, 942, 943, 947, Lindsay, (Sir) Ronald: 22o-1, 687- 8, 950, I I 51 n. 2; his 'insistent mental 88o exertion', 989; and Churchill's film Lingard, John: 468, 5 I 4 script, 992, 10o8, IOI6 n. I, I024; Linlithgow, 2nd Marquess of: 43; and Riddell's legacy to, 1035; an account the Government's India policy (1929- of his fall from power (in I922), 1050; 35), In, 589-90, 59 I, 592-3, 595-6, seeks to return to the Cabinet (I935), 6o2-3, 655, 674, 746, 865; becomes I097, I 115; 'idle when there is work Viceroy of India, I228, I245 n. I to hand', I 118 n. I; Garvin urges Lints Smith, William: I2-I3, I47-8, return to Cabinet of, II7I, 1187; Iso, 330, 33I, 332, 654 'hostile', I 192; a possible 'substitute' Lloyd, Baron: and Egypt, 25-6, 27, ally, 1193; hopes to 'enlist all the 7I n. 2, I28; at Chartwell, I90; and pacifists', I204-5; and Abyssinia, the Government's India policy (I930- I239; his 'courage' and Churchill's 35), 224, 225, 284, 289, 292-3, 296, praised (in I9Io), I279 n. 1; criticized 297, 302, 3I5, 456, 459 n. I, 48I, 547, by Robert Boothby, I308 n. I; at 563, s6s, 569, 575, 576, 578, s8o, 597, Tangier, I36I; at Marrakech, I362, 598, 6o6, 607, 62I, 778, 789, 794, 814, I365 829, 8s6, 8s8, 866, 893, 902-3, 910, Lloyd George, Gwilym (later Viscount I040, 1044, 1066 n. 4, I 182 n. I, 1194; Tenby): 950 and a gift for Churchill, 394 n. 1 ; Lloyd George, Megan: 1365 and Ireland, 4I4; and air rearmament, Locker-Lampson, Oliver: 307-8, 368, 882, I I 56 n. I; and the 'hazards' of the 392, 437, 49I, 550, 8o7, 1063, 1163-4, BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX I393

II8I; and Churchill's 'magical gift of 6I5, 625-6, 635, 637, 646-7, 656, 657, expression', I 3 I 7 663, 667 n. I, 67I, 687, 688-g, 72o-I, Lockhart, Robert Bruce: I45 n. 3, 627 723, 735, 784-6, 811 n. I, 902 Londonderry, Marchioness of: 972 MacCarthy, Desmond: 987 Londonderry, 7th Marquess of: 2I9 n. I, McClure, Samuel S.: 378 394 n. I, 548; and British air policy, McCormick, Colonel: 399 n. I, 666 n. I 730,942-3,959,979, I 133, I 138, I 143, McCormick, Cyrus Hall: 53 n. I I I 53· II 55. II 56 n. I, II62; and the MacDonald, Malcolm: 4 70 n. I, I 367 death of the 9th Duke of Marlborough, MacDonald, Ramsay: 3 n. 3; and Egypt, 822; a 'half-wit', 933; attacked by 25-6; and naval disarmament, 49 n. I, Randolph Churchill, 97I-2, 974; his IOI; his American visit, IOI, I03, I05; political philosophy, 974-5; and the and the Government's India policy General Election (of I935), I325 (I929-35), I 10, I 15, 180 n. I, 233, Long, Ist Viscount: I064 253 n. I, 261, 285, 286, 288, 372-3, Long, Eric (later 3rd Viscount): 1046; 38I n. I, 406, 448-g, 48o-2, 575, 584, 'fighting all the time', 1064 814, 957; and the London Naval Long, Huey: 'sic semper tyrannis', I258 Treaty, 156-7; and the unemployment Long, Ray: 99 n. 4, II3 benefit system, I 71; and Churchill's Longworth, Mrs Nicholas: 666 n. I memoirs, 200; attacks Churchill, 222; Lorimer, George Horace: 143 n. 4, 144 the 'boneless wonder', 252 n. I, 269; n. I, I53, I54-5, I59 and the formation of a National Lothian, uth Marquess of: 435, 436, Government forecast, 334; and 447 n. I, I I09 German reparations, 342 n. I, 445; Loucheur, Louis: 210 n. I the National Government formed, Louis Ferdinand, Prince: 627 348 n. I, 366; goes off the Gold Loveday, Thomas: 1040, I 344 Standard, 358; as a painter, 424 n. I; Low, David: an 'amusing' cartoon by, his 'maxim' about conferences, 440; Io66 and the Ottawa Conference, 490; his Lucy, Sir Henry: 540 'flocculent eloquence', 496 n. I; Luddendorff, Erich von: I40, I99, 2I9 Churchill's 'contempt' for, 509; his n. I, 343, 347 n. I, 380 n. I, 444 view of Churchill's judgement, 5Io; Lunn, William: I I02 n. 2 Churchill's attack on (16 February Lustgarten, Edgar! I37, I38 1933), 528; and rearmament, 570 n. I; Lygon, Henry: 804 'not Clemenceau', 636; 'his struggles', Lytton, Pamela: II5, 223, 396, I u6 654, 790; and 'floral-or vegetable Lytton, 2nd Earl of: I I4-I5, I I5 n. I, tributes', 702; and Defence, 726, 223,674 II08, I 131-3, II38, II4I-2, II52-3, II56 n. I, II64; and Churchill's McAdoo, William G.: 28, 31, 74, 84n. I, breach of privilege charge, 76o-3, 88, 89, 666 n. I 765-6, 767-8, 77o-2, 775-6, 777, Macaulay, T. B. (Lord Macaulay): and 782-4, 786-8, 790, Sox, 806-7; his attacks on Churchill's ancestor, I5; 'forestalls Hitler', 785; a 'puzzle', 786; and Churchill's biography of his Snowden's 'hatred' of, 8o6; one of two ancestor, I 86 n. I ; and India, 24 7 n. 2; 'dogs', 916; and Germany's 'war­ quoted, 357; Churchill compared to, minded' character (November 1934), 368 n. I; his 'evidence' challenged, 935, 938; and German rearmament, 4I6 n. I, 5I7; his hyphens, 6oi, 8I4; 942; and Britain's air defence, 987, put 'on his back', 6o4; and Churchill's 988, I04o; 'a hopeless twister', 1041; a completed Marlborough volumes, 6I4, possible 'nasty jar' for, I045; not I394 BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX

MacDonald, Ramsay-contd. Margesson, David (later Viscount): described as a 'toad', I047; 'sinks 5Io; and India, 534-5, 550, 9I5, 924, lower and lower in the mud', 1065; 1065 and Randolph Churchill's first by­ Marham, Major: 242 n. 2 election, I070, I075 n. 2; and Marie Antoinette: 380 n. I Randolph Churchill's second by­ Marlborough, Duchess of (Gladys election, 1095; 'almost a mental case', Deacon): 736, 86I I097; and the reconstruction of the Marlborough, 9th Duke of: I8, 24, 246- Government (I935), III5, 1180 n. 2; 7, 248, 284, 29I, 299, 303, 3I2 n. 3, 'continues to decompose in public', 3I8-I9; and Churchill's Albert Hall I I 40; one of a number of 'pretty small meeting on India, 4I4-I5, 55I, 578; people', I I 92; sarcasm at mention of and the battlefields of 'Duke John', name of, I 269; without a seat in 477-8; and Churchill's search for Parliament, I366-7 portraits, 534, 544, 55 I; 6oo n. 2, 736; McGowan, Sir Harry (later Baron): 6I, his death (30 June I934), 8I8; 86, 95, I I3, 394 n, I, I270, I284; Churchill's obituary notice of, in The hopes for 'a new era' for Churchill Times (I July I934), 8I9-22 (November I935), I326 Marlborough, 10th Duke: receives a de Machin, Sir Stanley: 797 luxe Marlborough, 88o; declines to vote McKenna, Reginald: I 2 I, I 22 against Government on India, g66; Mackensen, Field-Marshal: 347 n. I 'serious & urbane', 977, I I39 Mackenzie King, William: 43, 45, 49- Marmorstein, Bruno: 726 50 Marsh, (Sir) Edward: 32 n. 2, 37, 9I, Maclagan, Michael: 486 n. I, 728 I 72, I 74> I 76, 338 n. 2, 339, 340, Maclean, Neil: 548 394 n. I, 4I2, 443, 444, 463, 470, McLennan, Donald R.: 99, 666 n. I 473-4. 474. 479. 489, 49I-2, 499· 500, Macmillan, Harold: and a gift to 50I, 520, 53I, 532-3, 6oo n. 2, 6oi-2, Churchill (I 932), 394 n. 2; his resigna­ 6o8-g, 611, 694 n. I, 724, 794-5, 8I4- tion Honours List (I963), I328 n. I I5 Macmillan, Captain Norman: and Martin, Hugh: an 'incredible untruth', German air strength, I I 6 I, I I 72-3 494; a 'grossly libellous' statement, McNeill, Brigadier-General Angus: 884 498; 'in a very sad plight', 506; Macpherson, James: his forgery exposed reassured, 507 (I802), 611 Martin, (Sir) John: 8o n. 3 McWhirter, W. A.: 336, 352; and the Martin, Kingsley: 1187 n. I Manchester 'evidence', 740 Marx, Karl: 785, 786; freedom of Madelin, Louis: 625 thought 'alien' to, 859 Mahdi, the: his rebellion, 43I Mary Tudor: 380 n. I Maitland, Commander J. F. W.: at Masefield, John: 669 n. I Chartwell, I 263 Masterman, (Sir) John: 244 Malapert, Mons.: 5I4 n. I Maurois, Andre: 2I9 n. I Malaviya, M. M.: 676 Maxse, Marjorie (later Dame): and Malcolm, Sir Ian: 8I8 Churchill's election support for the Malkin, W. H.: 78 Conservative Party (in I935), I297, Mallalieu,J. P. W.: I43 I328-g, I330 Malone, Cecil I. L'Estrange: 'a Maxton, James: I3I, 986 monstrous sentence', 843-4 Mayer, Louis Burt: 83 Mancroft, Stormont (later 2nd Baron): Maynard, Clement T.: 389 n. I 486 n. I, 727 Mayo, 6th Earl of: assassinated, 977 BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX I395

Mayo, Katherine: and Mother India, 309, Morgan, Professor J. H.: 4I4, 927, I099- I IOI-2, I I I I-I2 IIoo, 1179 Maze, Paul: 845, 863, 867-8 Morgenthau, Henry: I06 Mead, Margaret: 223 Moriarty, Gertrude: 670 Meighen, Arthur: 62 Moriarty, Louis Martin: Churchill's Melbourne: and Macaulay, 688 schoolmaster, 655--6, 670 Melchett, 2nd Baron: 'and a bunch of Morley, John (later Viscount): 35, 39, Jews', 627 n. 3; supports the Govern­ 47, 87, 99 n. 4, 247, 6sr, I267, I279 ment's India policy, 930-3; advises n. I, 1292 Churchill on his future in the Con­ Morris,J. P.: 766-7; a 'personal attack' servative Party, 932-3; 'tiresome', 935, on Churchill, 8os, 8I I 937; Churchill wants a talk with, I262 Morris, Ira N.: 427 Mellor, J. S. P.: and India, 1182 Morris, William: 784 Mendl, Sir Charles: 848 Morrish, Frank: I42 Methusalah: and the BBC, 650 Morrison, Herbert (later Lord) : 738 Metternich: 380 n. I Morrison, W. S. (later Viscount Dun- Meyer, Mrs Eugene: 666 n. I rossil): I I6 Middleton, Earl: 4I4, 578, 1182 n. I, Morshead, (Sir) Owen: 3I9, 4I5 1186 Morton, Desmond: dines at Chartwell Milbanke, (Sir) R. M.: 848 (I929), 65; his assistant, 73 n. r; his Mill, J. S.: 247 n. 2, 688, 79I; and advice, 2I6, 2I8-2o; and defence, Churchill's film script, 995 570, 838 n. I, 849-50, III7-I8; and Millar, Gertrude: I3I5 the German Church dispute, 896; and Milner, Viscount: I63, 222 n. I, I077 German aluminium imports, I 134-5; Mitford, Nancy: 65 and Germany's military and raw Molson, A. H. E. (later Baron): supports material capacity, r I48-5o; and the Government's Indian policy, 48I German aircraft production, and Monash, Lieutenant-General Sir John: productive capacity, I245-8; his and Australia's war effort in the First letters to Churchill, 2I6, 218-20, 316- World War, I I44 I7, 570, 849-50, 896, 928-g, 933-4, Mond, Henry: I I 6 n. 2 968, III7-I8, 1134-5, II48-50, II72- Monro, Sir Charles: 220 n. 1 3> I 184, I I85, 1200-2, I208-g, I2I I, Monsell, B. M. Eyres- (later Viscount I245-8, I273-4, I280, I293, I30G-I, Monsell): 7, I r, 298, 370 n. I I30I-2, I3Io-I I, I3I4-15, I34I, Montagu, Edwin: 8r n. 1; and India, I357-6o; and German air strength, I26, 129, 388 n. 2, 593, Io78 928-9, 933-4· 947-9. 968, II72-3, Montagu, Venetia: 8r, 85, 96, 114 n. r, I 208-g, I 245-8; and the need for a 126 n. 2, 950, 1098, 1105, 1124 n. 2; Minister for Defence Coordination, at Chartwell, 1129-30; and a naval 1185; sent letters and books to com­ incident (in 1915), 1213 n. 2 ment on, for Churchill: 936, 94I, Montefiore, L. G.: sends Churchill the 1187, 119I, I3II-I2, I323; and 'Nuremberg Laws', I344 Churchill's article on Hitler (I935), 1vfoore, Colleen: 83 n. 2 I 200-2 ; and comparative figures for Moore, Lieutenant-Colonel Thomas: German and British air power and 116 n. 2 potential, 1273-4; his notes on arma­ Moore-Brabazon, Lieutenant-Colonel ments production and economic limi­ (later Baron) : and German air strength tations, I 280-3; provides Churchill (1935), 1159 with a War Office map, I293; and Morel, E. D.: I 187 n. I German armaments expenditure, BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX

Morton, Desmond-contd. Namier, Professor (Sir) Lewis: 692, 131o-I 1, 1314-15; and naval arma­ 72o-2, 723-4 ments, 1341; and the political reper­ Napier of Magdala, Field-Marshal Lord: cussions of the Hoare-Laval crisis, 714 1357-60 Napoleon: 97 n. 2, 380 n. 1, 604, 656, Moses: 241, 283 697, 828 n. 2, 844, 862, 979, 985; and Mosley, Max: 65 n. 3 Churchill's Jubilee film script, 1030; Mosley, Sir Oswald: 65 n. g; and his love letters, 1108; 'resisted', as Hitler, 195; and the search for a Hitler would be, 1 170; imitated by 'National Opposition', 334, 354; and modern dictators, 1357 the New Party, 725 n. 1, 780 n. 1 Nash, Elizabeth: 536 n. I Mountstephen, R. S.: Churchill's re­ Natzmer, Frau Renate von: beheaded buke to, 1088-g (1935), 1107 Mount Temple, Lord: and India, 1182 Needham, Mr: 291 n. 1 Nehru, Jawaharlal: 306 n. 1 Moyne, IstBaron: and a gift to Churchill, Neurath, Baron von: and British policy 394 n. 2; Churchill's host, 851, 853, to Germany (November 1934), 938 855, 856, 867, 891; Clementine Nicholas II, Tsar: 132 n. 2, 322, 347 Churchill's host, 967, 970, 976, 977, n. 1 982, 1043· 1084 Nicholas, Grand Duke: 132, 139, 140, Muirhead-Gould, Captain G. C.: and 347 n. 1, 368 n. 1 Churchill's article on Hitler, 1303 Nicholl, Charles: 498 n. I Mulliner, Mr: and arms manufacture, Nicholson, (Sir) William: 852, 854, 856, 1284 1206, 1257 Murray, Basil: 'mad', 1120 Nicol, William: and the 'Nicol prism', Murray, W. Gordon: 728 1264 n. 2 Mussolini, Benito: 219 n. I, 241, 567, Nicolson, (Sir) Harold: 136-7, 168, 252, 892, 921 ; 'trapped' by Abyssinia, 325-6, 334, 354, 1240; and Churchill's 117I, 1177; and Britain's 'leaderless wish to be First Lord of the Admiralty confusion', 1203; and the seizure of (November 1935), 1331; a scene in the the Suez Canal, 1249; Churchill Smoking Room (December 1935), declines to meet, 125o-1; his 'plans' 1342 ready, 1251; Garvin has 'no illusions Noel-Buxton, Lady: elected, 169 n. 2 about', 1255; Clementine Churchill Norfolk, MissJ. S.: 341 n. 1 feels 'must be mad', 1256; 'no Norman, Montagu: 339, 356, 399; and question of bluff', 1262-3; and the rearmament, 490 continuing Abyssinian crisis, 1270, Northcliffe, Lord: 174 n. I, 506 n. 2 127o-2, 1279; has 'cause to hesitate', Novarro, Ramon: 83 n. 2 130 1 ; and sanctions, 1go6, 1go8; Noyes, Major Herbert: and Churchill's effect of the King and Country de­ courage in telling 'the truth', 496-7 bate on, 1312; and the Hoare-Laval pact, 1350 n. I, 1353; Hitler a 'far Oberon, Merle: 988 n. I greater peril' than, 1366 O'Callaghan, D. S.: 727 Myers, John: 878 O'Connor, (Sir) Terence: and Chur­ Mysore, Maharaja of: 'squared', 677 chill's Marlborough, 634-5, 662, 8g7- 8; and Churchill's breach of privilege Nail, Sir Joseph: and the Manchester charge, 749-52, 79g-801, 833; and 'evidence', 620, 634, 743-7, 773 Churchill's demand for air rearma­ Namier, Lady: 722 n. 1 ment, 833-4; and Churchill's speech BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX I397

on the Joint Select Committee Report, Parker, Captain Robert: 716, 976 g6I Parnell, Arthur: I9 O'Dwyer, Sir Michael: and the Govern­ Parnell, Lieutenant William: killed in ment's India policy (I93I-5), 255-6, action, I9 n. I; and Churchill's film 284, 577, 655, 677, 732, 8I7 n. I, 858, script, I 020 n. I 922,927 Patiala, Maharaja of: 685, 8I7-I8, 922; Ogilvy, Lyulph: 8I 'daily pressure' on, 1092; opposes the Oliver, Admiral of the Fleet Sir Henry: Government's India policy, I 100, I332 I110 O'Neill, Sir Hugh: I I02 n. 2 Pearman, Marguerite: I31 n. I Ormes by-Gore, William (later 4th Baron Pearman, Rosemary: I3I n. I Harlech): I I6 n. 2, 225 n. I; Chur­ Pearman, Violet: Churchill's Secretary, chill's criticisms of, 57o-I, 572-3, 575; 13I, I59, 169, I7I-2, I89, 214, 269, and the India Bill, 957, 1106; and air 305, 311, 329 n. I, 358-g, 376, 4IO, defence research, g88, I224 n. I 412, 444, 465-6, 468, 472, 474, 479, Orr-Ewing, H. E. D.: 682, 827-8, 842 480, 482, 485, 503, 520, 530, 532, n. I, 928, 1109, 1147, 1182 n. I 535-6,539, 570 n. I, 57 In. 3, 580, 632, Osborne, F. E.: 57 668-g, 678, 725, 729-30, 742, 827-8, Ostrer, L.: 244 n. I 863, 923, 936, 94o-I, 1067-8, I079, Owen, Commander J. H.: one of 1109, 1124, I I44, II87, IIgi, I226, Churchill's literary assistants, on naval I227, I238-g, I252-3, I292, I294, matters, I I2, 240, 329, 640-I, 699- I295-6, I303, I320, I323, 1344 n. 3, 700, 734, 9I I, I292 I368 Owen, Wilfred: 66g n. I Pearn, Nancy: 13I, 153, I58-g, 166-7, Oxford and Asquith, Margot Countess I7o-I, I89, 468, 472, 482, 485, 508 of: 24 n. I, 86I, 1074 Peel, Viscount: and India, 109, 233, 3I9, 563 Page, Anita: 83 n. 2 Peel, Sir Robert: I5 n. I, 584 Page, James R.: 'a hearty Banker', 97 Percy, Lord Eustace (later Baron): 53 I, Page Croft, Sir Henry: 4I3, 53I, 532, II02, 1109 545, 547, 559, 563, 565, 569, 58o, 590, Perkins, (Sir) w. R. D.: 547 n. I, 569 6o6, 65I, 8I 7 n. I, 865, 872, 88I-2, Persitz, Shoshana: and My Early Life, 8g3, goB, 910, 930; and the final stages 505-6 of the India Bill, I 040, I I 82 n. I, I I 86; Petrie, James A. : and German air and German air strength, II6I, 1165 strength, I I 35 n. I Petschacher, Dr: 473 n. I Pakenham-Walsh, Lieutenant-Colonel Petter, Sir E. W.: defeated, 303 n. I R. P.: and Churchill's literary work, Phillimore, Lord: and India, I I 82 n. I I27, I65; 'very able', I39-4o; and Phipps, Sir Eric: and German intentions, Churchill's biography of the Ist Duke 938; his instructions, 939; learns of of Marlborough, 355, 4I5, 459, 467, latest views on Anglo-German policy, 469, 475, 476-7, 493, 5I5, 52I, 524, II 72; his despatch quoted, I 200; and 57I-2, 62g, 633, 639, 73o-I, 795-6, Churchill's article on Hitler, I299- s37-8, 976, Io68, II24, II66-7, 11 93, I300, 1304, 1309; and German com­ I230, I333-4. I368 plaints about Churchill, I320-2 Palmerston, Viscount: 103 Phipps, John S.: 20 Pankhurst, (Dame) Christabel: 79I-2; Pickhardt, Dr 0. C.: 666 n. I, 1090 and Churchill's film script, 995, IOI I Piez, Charles: 99 Papen, Franz von: 477 n. I, I3I4 Pigou, Professor A. C.: 490, 49I BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX

Pilbrow, Mr: 242, 282, 980, 981, 1032 Reed, Senator David A.: 666 n. 1 1046, IIOS, 1138 Rees, Leonard: 34 7 Pilcher, Colonel W. S.: 882-3 Reichenau, General Walter von: and Pillsbury, Horace D.: 8s German expansion eastwards, 1322 Plato: and Churchill's film script, 99S Reilly, Sidney: 216, 220 n. 1 Platt, James: 'a thoroughly unattractive Reith, Sir John (later Baron): I2S, 131, nonentity', I04S, 1049 n. 2, IOS2 n. 1, 134, 270, 279; Churchill's protest to, 1064, 1069, I07S 287-8; Churchill too 'busy' to serve, Polak, H. S. L.: 327 3S 7; Churchill seeks broadcasting time Pollock, Major Hugh: 643-4, 649, 684 from, 361; approaches Churchill, 407; Ponsonby, Sir Frederick (later Baron and Churchill's response, 408-g; Chur­ Sysonby): 9S4, 9SS, 1168-9 chill's own request to broadcast, 433-4, Pope, AJexander: 6s7 539, 6so; 'the perspiration mounting Portland, 6th Duke of: 291, 319 on his lofty brow', 581, 583; and Potter, H. W.: 7S4-S Churchill's first India broadcast, 8s7- Pourtale:s, Count F. von: 322 8, 865-6, 871, 910-11 Power, Sir John: and India, 621-2 Reresby, Sir John: his memoirs, 629 Prew, Robert].: 376 n. 2 Reynolds, Paul R.: 153 Pfibram, A. F.: 344 Rhys, Mrs: 225 n. I Price, George Ward: 248, 298 n. 1, 1362 Rich, E. G.: 143-4, 153, 154, 159 Primrose, Neil: killed in action, IS n. 2, Richardson,]. A.: 'a very good specimen 879 n. 1 of a new world business man', 53 Prince, Antonio: and a Roosevelt set- Riddell, Baron: 114, 191, 459, 461-2, back, 1229 n. 1 462-3, 464, 465, 479, 483-4, 487-8, Pritt, D. N.: 1099-1100 488-9, 492, 493-4, 501, 507, 518, 522, Puleston, W. D.: a 'graceless' book, 924 s3o-1, 542-3, 667-8, 851-2, 8s6, 89o, Purbrick , Reginald: and the India Bill, 917; and a gift to Churchill, 394 n. 2; 1182 n. 1 his death, and his Will, I03S Putnik, General: 346 Risk, Charles F.: and a Roosevelt set­ Pym, Major C. E. : S40 back, I229 n. 1 Robertson, (Sir) Charles Grant: 1200 Quainton, Cecil: 'fatuous', 72; 'foolish', n. 1 79 Robertson, Field-Marshal Sir William: 614 Raikes, (Sir) Victor: and the India Bill, Robey, George: 530-1, 533 1113, 1169, 1182 n. 1, 1193-4 Robinson, H. Y.: and India, 542, 544; Rajpipla, Maharaja of: 822 n. 1 and the Manchester 'evidence', 740 Ranger,].: defeated at Epping, I324 n. 1 n. 2, 741, 743-7, 752-3, 754-5, 766-7; Rankeillour, Baron: and India, S4S, and the India Bill controversy, 825, SS2-3, s63, 814, 927, 1182 n. I 840, 841, 874; supports Randolph Rankin, John: 8o7-8 Churchill at the Wavertree and Nor­ Rathenau, Walter: and the weapon of wood by-elections, 1096, I I 1 I industry, 1201 Robinson, Senator J. T.: 666 n. 1, 696- Rawlinson, (Sir) Alfred: and Churchill's 7 film script, 1004-s Robinson, W. S.: helps Churchill's Reading, Marquess of: 196; and the friend in the General Election (of Government's India policy, 109, IIS, '935), 1318, 1327 180 n. I, I99, 24I, 243, 318-I9, 794, Rockefeller, John D.: Churchill asked to 812, 968 n. 1, 1109 write biography of, 411 BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX I399

Rockefeller, Percy A.: 19, 99-roo the Hoare-Laval proposals, I 355; at Rodd, Sir J. Rennell (later Baron): 376 Tangier, 1362; 'horribly gloomy', Roddie, W. Stewart: 501 1363; at Marrakech, 1365; offers Rodier, J. H.: and the Manchester 'evi- Churchill a 'teetotal' bet, 1367 dence', 744, 749-50, 756, 77'.1. Rothschild, Kitty de: 848; 'most agree- Rodney, George: 56 able', 853 Rodney, Lady Marjorie: 56 Rothschilds, the: r68, 176 Romilly, Esmond: 983 Rousseau, J. J.: 828, 830 Rommel, General: 38 n. I Rousset de Missy, Jean: 415 Roosevelt, Franklin D.: I o6, 6o6 n. I, Rowan-Robinson, Major-General H.: 627 n. 2; his 'tremendous and noble his book on national defence, r II 7-18 effort', 642-3; his 'wise action', 654; Rumbold, Sir Horace: 445 n. 2 his 'hocus pocus', 688; reading Chur­ Runciman, Walter (later Viscount): 490, chill's Marlborough, 693; 'one does 744· 953-4.968,1039 admire the spirit in which he grapples Ruppin, Arthur: 722 with difficulties', 708; 'neglecting the Russell, Edward: and the India Bill con- affairs of the rest of the world', 728; toversy, 829-30 his 'courage', 87o; a 'setback', 1229 Russell, (Sir) J. W.: 1328-9 Roosevelt, James: 693 Russell, Martin: 126 n. r Rose, Lieutenant W.J.: II45 Rutenberg, Pinhas: and Palestine, 961 Rosebery, 5th Earl of: and Churchill's biography of the rst Duke of Marl­ Sackville, 4th Baron: r67 n. 2 borough, 15, 656, 657; Churchill's Sackville-West, Victoria: r 68 article about, 87, 99 n. 4; and 'the end Sainte-Beuve, Charles Augustin: 352, of all things', r87; a young Foreign 355 Secretary (1894), 1360 n. I Salisbury, 3rd Marquess of: 26, 35, Ross, William Donald: 50 326 n. r, 391, 406, 940, 1250 Rothermere, Viscount: and Tariffs, 130, Salisbury, 4th Marquess of: 107-8; and 142 n. 2, 144, 146, 173, 198, 221-2, Tariffs, 195; and the Government's 226, 278; Churchill's rebuke to, 146; India policy, 229; to be discarded, and the Government's India policy 249; and Ireland, 408, 412-14, 420, (1930-35), 231, 232, 235, 239, 243, 440; and the Joint Select Committee 248,253,254-5,256,257-9,264,265, on Indian Constitutional Reform, 281, 290, 292 n. I, 458, 471, 591-2, 447-8, 502, 526, 527, 529, 545. 547, 595,678-g,682, 764,8o6,828,927-8, ssr, s63-4· 595, 597-8, 6s4; and 930, 965, 1092, r roo, r r82 n. r; Churchill's breach of privilege charge Churchill's articles for, 350, 351, 353; (1934), 753-4; and the Joint Select Randolph Churchill's twenty-first Committee report, 8r4, 930, 965 n. 2, birthday party, 440 n. I; and the 965; and the India Bill controversy Manchester 'evidence', 740; and re­ (1935) , II22, 1140, II82;andChurch­ armament, 836, 838-40, 846, 849-50; ill's Marlborough, 653; and the and Hitler, 853; supports Randolph History of Parliament, 878 n. 2 Churchill's first by-election campaign, Salvidge, Archibald: 1038, ro64 1037, 1038; and Randolph Churchill's Salvidge, Stanley: 694 n. r; 'has now second by-election campaign, ro87, taken the fight on our side', ro64 1096; and German air and military Samuel, A. M. (later Baron Mancroft): Strength (1935), 1140, 1150, 1155, rr6 n. 2 I r6r, I 172-3; and Hitler's plea for an Samuel, Sir Herbert (later Viscount): 'understanding', I r 69-70, r r 7 r -2; and rr8 n. r, 233, 365, 6sr, 702; de- I400 BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX

Samuel, Sir Herbert-contd. Selborne, 2nd Earl of: and India, 578 scribes Churchill as 'a Malay run­ Selby, Sir Walford: 45I ning amok', 734 n. 2; and rearmament, Seymour, Horatia: 228, g8I, 1085, 826; Randolph Churchill attacks, 828; I095, u27, I I34, II38 and Abyssinia, I 240 Shackleton Bailey, E. A. G.: 935, I337 Sandeman, Sir Nairne: and the India n. I Bill, I040, I I6g; Churchill's advice to, Shafaat Ahmed Khan: 68I on speaking about India, I05I; and Sharp, G. G.: defeated at Epping, I324 Churchill's India Bill dinner, I I82 n. I n. I Sandys, Duncan (later Lord Duncan­ Shaw, George Bernard: 99 n. 4, I I4 n. 5, Sandys) : I078 n. 2, I083 n. I, III4, 24I, 356 n. I; and Churchill's I333, I338; and the Hoare-Laval Marlborough, 784-6 proposals, I350; at Marrakech, I363, Shaw, Reeves: Igi, 245, 284-5, 300, 3I8, I365, I367 329-60, 380-I, 385, II75, I227, I320 Sankey, Lord: I8o n. I, 538, 878 n. 2 Shaw, T. E. (T. E. Lawrence): his Sapru, Sir Tej Bahadur: g8I-2 opinion of Churchill's memoirs, I 82-3; Sargent, (Sir) Orme: gig-2o; his his books read on the BBC, 66g n. I; notes on Nazi Germany, 920-2 and Churchill's Marlborough, 6gi-2; Sassoon, Sir Philip: 8 n. I, 225 n. I, and Alan Dawnay, gio n. I; and 277 n. I, 763-4, 769, 788, 847 n. I, Churchill's second Marlborough vol­ 862, 874, 972, 1095; and German air ume, 9I2-I5; seeks Churchill's help strength, II57, II59 n. 2, II74 n. I (March I935), I I20-I; aroused 'senti­ Sastri, Srinivasa: 327, 726 n. 3, g8I-2 ments of admiration' while alive, I I92 Saturn: 'an object of sublime beauty', 94 Shebbeare, W. G. C.: 728 Savinkoff, Boris: 2I6 n. I Sheean, Vincent: I257-8 Savory, Lieutenant Albert: I 146 Sheridan, Clare: 1036, I043 Schacht, Dr Hjalmar: 209-IO, 2 I g n. I ; Sheridan, William Frederick Temple demands the return of German colo­ (known as Wilfred) : killed in action nies, I322 at the battle ofLoos (I9I5), Io36 n. I Schiller: 956 Shinwell, Emanuel: I367 n. I Schleicher, Kurt von: 477 n. I Sidebotham, Herbert: 506, 507 Schlepegrell, Adolf: and Churchill's Siepmann, C. A.: 618-Ig view of German war guilt, 7I7 n. Siepmann, Eric: gog n. I I, 727 Sikorski, General: 228 n. 2 Schuschnigg, Kurt von: 8g2 n. 2 Simmond, Oliver: critical of Churchill, Schuster, Sir George: 865-6 739 n. I Schwab, Charles M.: 29, 4I-2, 45, Simon, Sir John (later Viscount): and 47-8, 52, 59, 6o, 6g, 95, g6, ro6, India, Io8, rog, I28, I8o, 28I, 283, 666n. I,67g-8o 304, 502, 547, 557, 674, 8o2, 8Io, 8I I, Schwarzschild, Leopold: and German 8I2; and the Liberal split (of I930), air strength, I I 34 n. I 22I, 226; and the BBC, 365, 450-3, Scott, Sir Walter: 626, 688 893-4, go8; supports the National Scribner, Charles: 4 n. I, 23-4, I39-40, Government, 366; deprecates German I5I, I52, I6o-I, I64, I75, I?7-g, rearmament, 4 77 n. I ; favours some I87, 2I7-I8, 320-I, 326, 338, 407, German rearmament, 489 n. I ; his 4IO, 4I9, 437. 462, 471-2, 497. 666, 'platitudes' criticized, 825 n. 3; one 687, 6g8-g; and Churchill's Marl­ of two 'dogs', gi6; and British air borough royalties, 1229, I238 rearmament, 934, 938-g; and German Scribner, Charles (senior): 151 air strength, 944, I I07, I I3I-3, I I40, BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX

u6s n. 3; Churchill's praise for, Spender, J. A. : 484 n. I I2Io; and the Hoare-Laval pro­ Spoleto, Duke of: Churchill declines a posals, I349 meeting with, I25I n. I Sims, Admiral WilliamS.: 419, I2I4 Spooner, Captain (later Rear-Admiral): Sinclair, A. F. W.: 508 l33I-2 Sinclair, Sir Archibald: 212, 334, 394 Spooner, Captain: killed in an air n. I, 8I2-I3, 823, 1207; and German crash, I I 16 air Strength, I I 5 I n. 2, II 56 n. I ; his Springman, P. E.: defeated, 259 'delight' at seeing Churchill's stock Stamp, Baron: 1269 'soaring' (October I935), 1293 Stanley, Lord Edward: and India, 289 Sinclair, Robin (later 2nd Viscount): 2I2 Stanley, Edward: and naval expansion, Sitwell, (Sir) Osbert: I287 I35I Slade, Mira: 868, 873-4; her interview Stanley, Sir George: 788-g, 793, 794, with Churchill, 918-19 8o9-10, 823, 832-3, 865, 872 Smart, (Sir) Morton: 82 Stanley, Lady Maureen: 28I Smith, Alfred E.: 101 Stanley, Oliver: 9I n. 2, I I6 n. 2, Smith, Sir Frank: 1224 n. I 780, I342; his 'defeatist views', 28I; Smith, Herbert: I 04 and the Conservative Party leader­ Smith, Montague: 506 ship crisis (March 193I), 294, 295; Smuts, J. C.: 379; and Churchill's and India, 296, 297; and Randolph film script, I007 Churchill's 21st birthday dinner, 440, Snowden, Philip: 3 n. 3, 103, II8 n. I, 441 I35, I43, I66; 'a bonny fighter', 195; Stapledon, W. Olaf: 266 n. 2 and the Gold Standard, 222; criti­ Stead, Sir Charles: and India, 65I n. 2 cized, 269; supports the National Steel-Maitland, Sir Arthur: and air Government, 366; appeals on behalf rearmament, 882 n. 2 of the blind, 383; an essay by, 6 I I n. 2; Steinberger, Hans: and German food his 'odious speeches', 672; his 'hatred' supply in wartime, I 149 of MacDonald, 8o6; his sympathy Stephen, Leslie: 688 for Churchill, 812-13; 862; criticized Stephens, D'Arcy Melville: killed in by Robert Boothby, I 308 n. I action (I942), 6I n. I Soames, (Sir) Christopher (later Baron): Stevens, H. H.: 7I I79 n. I Stevenson, Frances (later Countess Somervell, Sir Donald (later Baron) : Lloyd-George): and the Manchester and India, 957, I 109 'evidence', 743, 790, 807; and Church­ Somervell, Robert: Churchill's school- ill's 'contempt' for the Govern­ master, 202 ment's Tory supporters, 933; and Southborough, Baron: 2 I an 'ovation' for Churchill, 950; Southey: and Macaulay, 688 Riddell's legacy to, I035 Southon: the builder at Chartwell, Stevenson, Robert Louis: I5I n. I 980, I032 Stimson, Henry L.: 452 Spaulding, William: his death, 972 n. 2 Stonehaven, Baron: 510, 737; and Spears, (Sir) E. L.: 2I4-I5; and a gift Churchill's support for the Govern­ to Churchill, 394 n. 2 ment (October 1935), I29I, 1294 Spencer, 7th Earl: 42I, 6o8, 632, 636, Stonor, E. A.: I255 636-7 Stopford, Lieutenant-General Sir F. W.: Spencer-Churchill, Captain George: 845 377 Spencer-Churchill, Lord Ivor Charles: Storrs, Sir Ronald: I82 n. 2 4I9-20, 645-7, 648, 863-4 Storry, G. R.: 726 n. I, 728 n. I BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX

Strakosch, Sir Henry: and German Tingay, Herbert: 542, 596-7, 641 rearmament expenditure, I3IO-I I, Titt, G. F.: 234 I3I4-I5 Titus, Emperor: I46 Streat, (Sir) Raymond: and the Man­ Tizard, Sir Henry: and air policy, I040, chester 'evidence', 620, 637, 782, I224 n. I 792-3, Boo, I I03 Tobin, Richard M.: 30, 3I, 95 Street, Miss: 1108 Topping, (Sir) H. R.: 277-9 Streicher, Julius: Churchill sent a copy Trevelyan, Professor G. M.: I45 n. I, ofhis anti-semitic newspaper, I3II-I2 I86, 200, 207, 425, 5I3, 5I4, 5I5, Stuart, Sir Louis: and the Indian 5I9-20, 521, 580, 663, 689, 700, 836, Empire Society, 4I 7, 434, 558 838, 843. 897-8, 898, 976, 984-5 Sueter, Rear-Admiral (Sir) Murray: Trevelyan, George Otto: 207 and India, 299 Trevor-Boothe, Captain A. L.: I I45 Sumner, Viscount: 4I3, 4I4, 456, 578 Trotsky, L. D.: 87, I55, I6I Sundaram, M. S.: 726 Trowbridge: the under-gardener at Swift, Jonathan: I5 n. 3, 657 Chartwell, I I05 Swinton, Major-General Sir Ernest: Tudor, Major-General Sir H. H.: 907 825 Twain, Mark: 398 n. 1, 500 Sydenham, Baron: and the Govern­ Tyrrell, Lord: I42 n. 2, I99 n. I, 450, ment's India policy, 23I-2, 255-6, 452; and a new 'crisis of 19II' (in 5I2, 5I3 I935), 1153-4, 1163, 1165-6; 'Listen­ Sykes, Sir Frederick: in India, 69 I ing to you is a tonic!', I 178; wants Churchill to be 'entrusted with the Tallents, Joyce: Churchill's 'No 3' defence of the country' (November secretary at Chartwell, 1068, I I24-5, I935), 1323 I253, I368 Taylor, A. E.: elected, 226 n. I Ulrich, R. E. : 1065 Taylor, (Sir) Charles: and India, I I82, Ustinov, Peter: 564 n. I 1188-9 Taylor, Vice-Admiral (Sir) E. A.: 550 Vallance, Aylmer: helps Churchill with Taylor, F. A.: II7 an economic article, 54I, 605-6, 6I6 Temperley, Professor H. W.: 232 n. 4 Van Antwerp, William C.: 8o, 95, 98, Thackeray: 657, 785 666 n. I, 683, 688-9 Theunis, Georges: 2I9 n. I, 926 Vanbrugh, Irene: I090-1, I 108 Thomas,]. H.: I4 n. I, 103-4, 356,443, Van Loon, H. W.: 574 470, 474>489,49I-2 Vansittart, Sir Robert (later Baron): 245 Thompson, Flight-Lieutenant F. D. J.: n. 2, 32I-2, 45I, 683, 919; and Chur­ killed in action (I 943), 78 n. 3 chill's defence interests, 726; and Thompson, Sir J. P.: and India, 65I, Churchill's letter to the Kaiser, 824; 652, 682, 858, 866, 910 and German air strength, 1143 n. I; Thompson, Walter H . : 78, 399 n. 2 and the Italo-Abyssinian dispute, Thomson, Lord: dies in airship crash, I27o-3; rebukes the Prince of Wales, I89 n. I 1290; and the Hoare-Laval proposals, Thornton-Kemsley, (Sir) Colin: at I 353, I 355, I 359 Chartwell, I 262-4 Vatsyayan: and the derailment of Lord Thost, Hans Wilhelm: attacks Church­ Irwin's train (I929), I26 n. I ill's article on Hitler, I299-I300 Vercingetorix: 380 n. I Thucydides: Churchill compared to, Vickers, H. C. : 40, 89, 438-9, 44I-2, 460 368 n. 1 Victoria, Queen,: 206, 274 n. 2; 'palmy BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX

days' of, 704; and Churchill's film 817 n. I, 84o, 841-2, 845, 847-8,851, script, 992, 1030 936 n. I; and Randolph Churchill's Villiers, (Sir) F. E. E.: and the need for first by-election, 103 7; Churchill's a knighthood, 594. 59g-6oo; and the suggestions for the help he might give Union of Britain and India, 65I n. 2, to Randolph, I052, 1063; and 'a nasty 682 shock' for 'the enemy', 107I; 'we have Voltaire: 4I8 nothing to regret', I072; at Chartwell, I I37 Walker, Mayor: IOI n. I Weston-Jarvis, Colonel Sir A.: 564 Wallace, Euan: and India, 723 Whalen, Grover A.: 106 Wallace, W.: Cabinet maker, 106 Wheeler, John N.: 390 Walpole, Sir Robert: I I9, 625 Wheldon, John: one of Churchill's re­ Ward, Penelope: 9I2 search assistants, 7I9, 730, 734, 736, Wardlaw-Milne, (Sir) John: 289, 297, 842-3, 857, 1067, 1068, I I 24-5, II83, 298, 556, 557-8 I230, I252-3, 1289, I296 Waring, Lady Clementine: I I33-4 White, Sir Thomas: and India, 62I n. 2; Warren Hastings: and Sir Samuel Hoare, and Randolph Churchill's first by­ 769 election, 1038, 1045 Watson, Sir Alfred: and India, 682 Whitley, J. H.: 262, 266, 279, 287; Watson, Martin: 73,82 Churchill protests to, about the BBC, Watt, A. S.: 3-4 326-8; his reply, 335-6; Churchill's Watts, James: 827, 83I, 832, I034, I037, further protests, 34I-2, 644-5, 647, 1096 649-52, 669; his friendship with Wauchope, Sir Arthur: and Palestine, Churchill, 669, 672-3 96o-I, 969 Whyte, Maryott: 275, 392, 469, 978; and Waugh, Evelyn: I I20 n. 2 a fire at Chartwell, 1039; supports Webb, Beatrice (Lady Passfield): I63 Randolph Churchill at Wavertree, Webb, Sidney (Baron Passfield): I63 1063, 108I; and at Norwood, 1096, Webster, Nester: 'a cooing dove', I3I2 rro5, I II3; watches over Mary Wedgwood, Josiah (later Baron): and Churchill, I I 28; and Sarah Chur­ India, 532 n. I; and the History of chill's dancing, I 133-4; at Dinard, Parliament, 87I-2, 878-9, 9I6-I7; 'a 1256 great friend of the Jews', II 17 Wicks, Pembroke: 598 Weir, Baron (later Viscount): and a gift Wiegand, Karl von: 166 to Churchill, 394 n. 2; and aircraft Wigram, Ava (later Viscountess Waver­ production (in I9I8), 839; and Air ley): II42n. I, I153, II63, 1206 Defence Research, I224 n. I, I23I; Wigram, Sir Clive (later Baron): 670-1, and aircraft production, I24I-3; sent 1092, I I 10 Churchill's notes, to read, return, or Wigram, Ralph: and British air policy, destroy, I294 rr42, II43 n. I, rr63, II65, II98; and Welldon, J. E. C.: Churchill's head­ Churchill's article on Hitler, 1309 n. I; master, 205, 828- 9, 83o, 83I, I33I and Churchill's air policy notes, I356-7 Wells, H. G.: 356 n. I, 706, 707, 709, Wilhelm II, Kaiser: 199 n. 1, 322 n. I, 71 3, 1288 433, 627 n. 2; interviewed by Ran­ Wemyss, 12th Earl of: 848 n. 1 dolph Churchill, 8o6; Churchill writes Westminster, Duchess of (later Lady to, 823-4; and Churchill's film script, Lindsay): 848 995, 1006, 1014, 1027; 'resisted', as Westminster, 2nd Duke of: 394 n. 2, 5I4 Hitler would be, I I 70; a telegram to n. 1; and India, 576, 578, 6o6-7, 764, (in I9I4), 1250 BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX

Willard, Daniel: 666 n. I \Volmer, Viscount: 569, 598, 8!7 n. I, William III, King: I8 893, 902-3, 937; and the final stages William the Lion, King: 179 of the India Bill, 1040, I044, 1066 n. 4; Williams, J. B.: and Churchill's film and German air strength, 115I n. 2, script, 994, 997, I002, wo6, I033, 1156 n. 1; and Churchill's shyness, 1034, I039 I262 Willingdon, Viscount (later Marquess): Wolseley, C. J.: 633, 640, 657 49, 38I, 388 n. I, 396, 436, 47I; and 'Wood, C. C.: 455, 515, 519 n. I, 548-9, the Joint Select Committee on Indian 61 5, 6I7, 6I8, 639 n. 3, 678, 836-7, Affairs, 524, 529, 530, 532, 537-8, 847, 857, 88o, 1252 n. 2, 1290, 549-50, 555, 557-8, 567-8, 585, 588, 1293 593-4,599- 6oo,6o4,6I3,6I6, 62on.3, Wood, Sir Kingsley: and the BBC, 535, 62I, 623, 652, 654 n. 3· 669, 673, 678, 644, 843-4; receives a copy of Marl­ 723, 733, 737, 739, 754, 759 n. I, 769- borough, 891 70, 77I, 777-8, 78I-2, 9I5, 922, 947> vVood, Robert: prepares Churchill's 956-7, 962, 967-8, 985, Io67, Io7I, maps, 1252 n. 2. I076, I082-3, I09I-3, I 109-I I, I I I2, Woodman, Dorothy: I187, Il91 III8, II22-3, II23, II84, I245 Woolley, Leonard: 182 n. 2 Wills family, the: 296 Worcester, Dean C.: 466 Wilson, Sir Arnold: 577, 583, 595 n. I, ·wordsworth: and Macaulay, 688 958 Worthington-Evans, Sir Laming: I3, Wilson, Sir E. Holt: I28o n. 2 103, 1 II, II 5, 249; Churchill's obitu­ Wilson, H . H.: 257 ary notice of, 271-3; the effect of his Wilson, Sir Henry: and Churchill's film death, 295, 303 script, 997-8, 1008 \Vrisberg, Lieutenant-General George: Wilson, President Woodrow: 28 n. I, I224 n. 1 88; and Churchill's film script, I02I Wyldbore-Smith, Sir Edmund: 1254 \Vimborne, Lady Cornelia: 56 Wimperis, Arthur: 973, 974 Yeats-Brown, Major F.: 270 n. I, 555 Wimperis, H. E.: 1040, I224 n. I Young, Francis Brett: 611 n. 2 \Vinterton, 6th Earl: and India, 297, 298, Younghusband, Sir Francis: criticizes 558, 583, 587-9, II09; and national Churchill's views on India, 230-1; defence, 924 n. I, 946, I 14I, 1151 n. 2, broadcasts on India, 327 II56 n. 1, 1268, 1272-3; and the Yusuf Ali, Abdullah: 327 Select Committee on Witnesses, 1 I02 n. 2 Zetland, 2nd Marquess of: and India, Wise, Olive: sentenced to death, 269 814, 965 n. 1; Churchill's epistolary Withers, Sir J.J.: 413 dispute with, 1076-8, 1080