Biographical Index

Compiled by the Author

For a list of the subjects covered in this volume, see the index entry “Churchill, Winston Leonard Spencer.”

Abd al-Rahman al-Gaylani, Naqib of Amin Bey el Tamini: 1612, 1613 Baghdad: 1484, 1871, 2001 Ancaster, Earl of: 1949 n.2 Abdullah Ibn Hussein (later King of Anderson, Sir John (later Viscount Trans-Jordan): 1428, 1430–3, 1435– Waverley): 1706 n.1, 1718, 1736, 6, 1438, 1441–2, 1484, 1497, 1518, 1740–1, 1741–3, 1770, 1780 1537, 1583, 1586, 1607 n.1, 1982 Andrew of Greece: 2056 Abou Khish, Sheikh: sentenced to Andrews, H. W.: 1860 death, 1493 Ashley, Edwina (later Countess Mount- Abramson, Albert: 1715 batten of Burma): 1627, 1931, 1934 Addison, Dr Christopher (later Vis- Askwith, Sir George (later Baron): 1844 count): 1637–8, 1642 Asquith, Arthur: 1752 Adly Pasha: 1444–5, 1447, 1453, 1473 Asquith, H.H.: and the death of Lady Aga Khan, the: 1487, 1490, 1515 Randolph Churchill, 1526–7; and Ahmed Mirza, Shah of Persia: 1952 the 1921 naval estimates, 1575; and Airlie, 12th Earl of: 1757 Churchill’s alleged ‘treachery’, 1658; Aitken, Sir William Maxwell: see index and the political crisis of December entry for Beaverbrook, Lord 1916, 1667; and ‘the luxury of par- Ali Fethi Bey: 2105 tisan attack’, 1721; Churchill’s criti- Al-Jamal, Shibly: 1592–1601, 1611–13, cism of (in February 1922), 1751–2; 1617 and safeguarding (in 1916), 1865; Alexander Karadjordjevic, of Serbia: 2018 and Ireland (1922), 1906, 1909; Alfonso XIII, King of Spain: 1951 helped by Lloyd George, 1933; and Allenby, General Sir Edmund (later the fall of Lloyd George, 2071, 2080, Viscount): 1441–2, 1444–5, 1446, 2097–8, 2103, 2107 1453–4, 1503, 1592, 1656, 1661, Asquith, Margot: 1758 1685, 1727, 1730, 1734, 1754, 1771, 1774, 1775, 1970, 1997, 2004 Badcock, Major: 1569 Alwar, Maharaja of: 1427, 1555–6 Baghdad, Naqib of: see index entry for Amery, Leopold: 1448, 1949 n.2 Abd al-Rahman al-Gaylani

2131 2132 B I O G R A P H I C A L I N D E X

Bailey, Sir Abe: 1620 1731, 1750, 1751, 1758 n.2, 1766, Baird, J. L. (later Viscount Stone- 1772, 1799, 1814, 1819, 1821, 1826, haven): 1949 n.2 1867, 1874–5, 1879, 1884–5, 1916, Baldwin, Lucy: 2085–6 1946, 1949, 1967 n.1, 1984, 2047, Baldwin, Stanley: 1575, 1739, 1758 n.2, 2072, 2082, 2087 n.1, 2089, 2113 1828, 1862, 1867, 1967 n.1; and the Blumenfeld, R. D.: 2122 fall of Lloyd George, 2085–6, 2107, Borden, Sir Robert Laird: 1466 2111, 2126 n.2 Borton, Group Captain (later Air Vice- Balfour, A. J.: 1479 n.1, 1483, 1486, Marshal): 1480, 1561, 1623 1494, 1542, 1558–61, 1566 n.1, 1569, Botha, Louis: 1965 1586, 1606, 1646–8, 1695–6, 1710, Boyd-Carpenter, (Sir) Archibald: 1798 1789, 1807, 1841, 1851, 1937, 1949, Boyle, Harry: 1454 1959, 1966–7, 1971, 1975, 1984–5, Brabazon, Major-General Sir John: 2089, 2093, 2102, 2103 1531; dies, 2025 Balsan, Colonel: 1711–12 Bradshaw, Lieutenant-Colonel H. M. E.: Banbury, Sir Frederick: 1858 1473 Barnes, Sir Reginald: 1529 Brett, Maurice: 2070 Barstow, (Sir) George: 1641–2, 1698 Briand, Aristide: 1443, 1447, 1448, Bartholomew, General (Sir) W. H.: 1854 1694, 1696, 1711, 1830 Barton, Robert: 1649 n.1 Bridgeman, W. (later Viscount): 2093 Baruch, Bernard M.: 1715 n.2, 2110 Barwell, Sir H. N.: 1948 Bridges, General (Sir) Tom: 1948 Baxter, Sir George: 1803 Brind, Colonel (later Major-General Beatty, Sir David (later Earl): 1646, Sir) J. E. S.: 1911 1778, 1817, 1945, 1957; and the Brock, Admiral Sir O. de B.: 1996, Chanak crisis (of 1922), 2001, 2003, 2000, 2039, 2060 2039, 2042, 2051 Bruce, Sir Robert: 1984 Beaverbrook, Lord: 1466, 1498, Bull, Sir William: 2119 1550–1, 1619, 1643, 1672, 1698, 1702, Bullard, (Sir) Reader: 1452 n.1 1712–13, 1750, 1768, 1772, 1806–7, Burke, Edmund: 1766 n.1 1807–8, 1826, 1862, 1878–9, 1949, Burnham, 2nd Baron (later Viscount): 1950–2, 1956, 2100–2102, 2114, 2126 Bushe, H. G.: 1608 n.1 Beckenham, H. A.: 1976, 2092 n.1, Butcher, Sir John (later Baron Danes- 2110 n.2 fort): 1843, 1926 Bekir Sami: 1629 Butterworth, Thornton: 1469–70, 1752, Bell, G. K. A.: 1585 1916–17 Benn, W. Wedgwood (later Viscount Stansgate): 1760, 1908 Caird, David: 1639 Bernau, W. H.: 2014–15 Cambon, Paul: 1886 Berthelot, Philippe: 1686 Cameron, General (Sir) A. R.: 1770, Bin Saud: see index entry for Ibn Saud 1771, 1910 Birkenhead, 1st Earl of: 1463, 1470, Campbell-Bannerman, Sir Henry: 1667 1483, 1498, 1534, 1605, 1661, 1671, Campbell-Colquhoun, Captain A. J.: 1691, 1698, 1702, 1710, 1713, 1726, 2027–8 B I O G R A P H I C A L I N D E X 2133

Carlyle, Thomas: 2104 Childs, Major-General Sir B. E. W.: Carol of Hungary: 1657 1920, 1921 Carson, Sir Edward (later Baron): 1494, Churchill, Clementine: 1432, 1443 1661, 1721, 1920 n.1, 1451, 1472, 1474, 1534, 1556, Cassel, Sir Ernest: 1627 1567, 1618–23, 1805, 1809, 1895, Castlerosse, Lord (later Earl of Ken- 1955, 1982, 1986, 2016, 2113, 2124; mare): 1951 her letters to Churchill, 1774, 1935 Cavan, 10th Earl of: 1879, 1889, 1911, n.1; Churchill’s letters to, 1622 n.2, 1919; and the Chanak crisis (of 1706–7, 1708–9, 1711–13, 1713–14, 1922), 1997, 2001, 2010, 2024, 2032 1750–1, 1751–4, 1757–8, 1766–7, n.1, 2035, 2037, 2038–40, 2051, 2071 1768, 1931–2, 1932–3, 1933–4, Cavendish, Lady Dorothy: 1949 1934–5, 1940, 1946, 1948–9, 1949– Cecil, Lord Hugh (later Baron Quicks– 50, 1950, 1950–2, 1956, 1957–8, wood): 1535, 1792, 1793, 1839, 1958, 1958–9, 2118–19 1877–8, 1949 Churchill, Diana: 1706 n.2, 1708, 1895, Cecil, Lord Robert (later Viscount): 1934, 1946, 1950, 1958; her letter to 1483, 1721, 1908, 2071 her father, 1987 Chamberlain, (Sir) Austen: 1427 n.2, Churchill, Lady Gwendeline: 1534, 1431, 1433–4, 1438–41, 1442–3, 1750, 1751, 1931, 1932, 1955 1463, 1464, 1474, 1505, 1523, 1527, Churchill, John Strange Spencer- 1542, 1619, 1639, 1661, 1665, 1671, (Jack): 1530, 1531, 1534, 1536, 1622, 1691, 1724, 1726, 1739, 1753, 1760– 1708, 1750 1, 1762 n.2, 1767, 1772–3, 1779–80, Churchill, Marigold ‘The Duckadilly’: 1788–91, 1793, 1794, 1795, 1798, 1609; dies, 1618–23; ‘a gaping 1798–1800, 1803, 1807–8, 1810, wound’, 1957 1814–15, 1816, 1817–18, 1819–21, Churchill, Mary (later Lady Soames): 1826–9, 1833, 1858–9, 1866–7, 1871, 2118 n.2 1888–90, 1894, 1906, 1908–9, 1910, Churchill, Lady Randolph: 1502, 1522; 1922, 1984, 1992; and the Chanak her death, 1523–36, 1566–7, 1708–9 crisis (of 1922), 2037, 2038, 2040, Churchill, Lord Randolph: 1524, 1528 2041, 2042, 2048, 2053, 2054; and n.1, 1529, 1627, 2102, 2124 the fall of Lloyd George, 2087 n.1, Churchill, Randolph: 1431, 1524, 1706 2102–4, 2119 n.2, 1767, 1946, 1950, 1958, 1987, Chamberlain, Hilda: 1463 2118 Chamberlain, Joseph: 1431, 1472, 1504, Churchill, Sarah: 1706 n.2, 1767, 1895, 1667, 1761, 1807 1933 n.2, 1934, 1950, 1958, 2118 Charles, Emperor of Austria: 1657 Churchill, Winston Leonard Spencer: Charteris, Lord Evan: 1707, 1709, 1712, as First Lord of the Admiralty 1949 (1911–15), 1477, 1648 Chatfield, Admiral Sir A. E. M. (later at the Duchy of Lancaster (May– Baron): 2006 November 1915), 1658 Chetwode, Lieutenant-General Sir and the Dardanelles Commission Philip (later Baron): 1854–5, 2032 of Enquiry, and the legacy of the n.1 Dardanelles, 1752 2134 B I O G R A P H I C A L I N D E X

Churchill, Winston Leonard Spencer— 1552, 1561, 1567, 1572–3, 1577–8, continued 1623, 1624, 1646, 1701–2, 1723, and Tank policy, and Tanks in 1735, 1738–40, 1761, 1784–5, Mesopotamia, 1683 1799–1802, 1816–17, 1856, 1869, his war-time visits to France (Decem- 2011, 2023, 2035–6, 2071, 2091 ber 1921), 1702, 1706–14, 1716–17; and Egypt (1919–22), 1443–7, (August 1922) 1948–52, 1956–9 1453–4, 1464–5, 1473, 1503–5, and the Socialist Party, 1721, 1829, 1509–10, 1649, 1656, 1661, 1681, 1984, 2111, 2127 1685–6, 1716, 1727, 1730, 1734, and Gas warfare, 1675, 1695 1736, 1754 1768, 1774 and the Allied intervention in and France (1919–22), 1443, Russia (1918), and the return of 1447–8, 1506, 1544–6, 1645, 1656–7, Russian refugees to Russia, 1452, 1663–4, 1667–8, 1677, 1686–8, 1625, 1626, 1629–30, 1690, 1698; 1695–7, 1699, 1711, 1718–19, and aid to the Russian famine vic- 1886–7, 1956, 1959; and the Chanak tims, 1793–4, 1797 crisis (of September 1922), 1983, and the reconstruction of the 1989, 1992–5, 1999–2000, 2005, Government (in 1918), 1431, 1433– 2006–7, 2016–17, 2019–22, 2025–6, 5, 1451, 1463–4, 1466, 1478, 1666–7; 2031–2, 2038, 2047–8, 2057, 2065, and the growth of Conservative 2068, 2074–5, 2077, 2078–9, 2082 discontent with the Coalition, 1672, and Britain’s post-war policy 1690–1, 1713, 1719–21, 1725–6, towards Germany, 1443, 1447–8, 1730, 1732, 1772–3, 1783, 1786–91, 1452, 1506, 1544–6, 1677, 1687–8, 1794; and the prelude to the 1694, 1699, 1718–19, 1822, 1830, General Election (of 1922), 1795, 1898–9, 1956 1802–4, 1806–7, 1807–8, 1810–11, and Greece, 1436, 1480–2, 1489– 1814, 1826, 1829–30, 1858–9, 1863, 91, 1507, 1508–9, 1521–2, 1628–9, 1865–6, 1873, 1878–9, 1885–6, 1811–13 1895–6; and the ‘honours’ scandal, and India (1919–22), 1427–8, 1932–3, 1934; and Conservative 1519–20, 1655–6, 1690, 1697, 1709, anxieties (September–October 1727–8, 1761–2, 1764–5, 1768, 1806, 1922), 1984–5; and Lloyd George’s 1869, 1955, 1986 decision to hold a General Election, and the Indians of Kenya, 1469, 2071–2, 2085–6, 2087, 2088–90; 1513–16, 1644–5, 1649–50, 1743–8, and the Election campaign, 2092–6, 1749–50, 1756, 1771–2, 1805–6 2097–9, 2100–2122; and his defeat at and the Government’s Irish policy Dundee (November 1922), 2122–9 (in 1919), 1456, 1518–19, 1635 n. 1, and the problems of Government 1648–9, 1661, 1681, 1684–6, 1691–2, finance and expenditure, 1474–5; 1706, 1709–10, 1716, 1717–18, 1721, the Geddes Committee, 1575, 1640, 1722–3, 1724–5, 1730–2, 1732–4, 1641–2, 1758–60, 1768, 1776–9; and 1736–8, 1740–3, 1750, 1752, 1753, the pressure of legislation, 1928 1754, 1766, 1767–8, 1769–71, 1774– and post-war Air policy, 1436, 5, 1779–80, 1782, 1785–6, 1792–3, 1437–8, 1439–42, 1480, 1497–8, 1796–7, 1798–9, 1804–5, 1808, 1811, B I O G R A P H I C A L I N D E X 2135

1813, 1817, 1823–5, 1830, 1836–9, 1729, 1735, 1750, 1753–4, 1805, 1842–5, 1846–51, 1852–3, 1854–8, 1840, 1853, 1926–7, 1930–1, 1936–7, 1859–60, 1861, 1863–4, 1867, 1873, 1941–2, 1966–7, 1970–2, 1975–6, 1879–81, 1882–3, 1888–9, 1890–4, 1981–2, 2061, 2083, 2090–1, 2125 1896–8, 1899–1916, 1919–24, 1929, and Poland, 1545 1930, 1937–9, 1943–4, 1945, 1947–8, and Transjordan, 1428, 1429–31, 1952–4, 1957, 1962–6, 1976, 1985–6, 1432–3, 1435–6, 1440, 1441–2, 2024–5, 2032, 2087, 2096–7, 2099, 1473–4, 1484, 1508, 1517–18, 2112–13 1537–8, 1583, 1665, 1669–70, 1689, and Japan, 1479, 1512–13, 1714–15, 2061, 2125 1539–42, 1552, 1563–6, 1634, 1710; and the Government’s Turk- and the Chanak crisis, 2022 ish policy (in 1919), 1436, 1475, and the Jews, see index entry for 1480–2, 1485–7, 1489–91, 1507, Churchill and Palestine. 1508–9, 1521–2, 1539, 1584, 1628–9, and Mesopotamia (Iraq), 1436, 1648, 1656–7, 1662–4, 1667–8, 1675, 1447, 1471–2, 1475–6, 1478, 1483–4, 1686–7, 1728, 1761, 1798, 1811–13, 1488–9, 1491, 1497–8, 1498–9, 1877, 1973, 1977–9; and the Chanak 1500–1502, 1511, 1516–17, 1519–20, crisis (of September 1922), 1980–1, 1539, 1543–4, 1547–9, 1553–5, 1983, 1988–2001, 2002–14, 2016–24, 1562, 1567, 1570, 1572–4, 1576–83, 2025–7, 2028–31, 2032–61, 2062–71, 1584, 1590–1, 1601–5, 1608–9, 1610, 2072–3, 2074–82, 2084–5, 2086, 1623–4, 1625–6, 1646–7, 1648, 1662– 2088 3, 1666, 1668–9, 1675–6, 1677–8, and the United States (1919–22), 1684, 1690, 1695, 1721–2, 1738–40, 1479, 1539–42, 1556–8, 1563–6, 1748–9, 1754–6, 1761, 1763–4, 1769, 1634–5, 1643–4, 1699, 1710, 1715, 1781, 1807, 1820, 1840–2, 1851–2, 1722, 1940–1, 2080–1 1867–8, 1871–2, 1881–2, 1939–40, and the publication of historical 1947, 1959–62, 1966, 1967–70, documents, 1740, 1753 1973–5, 1977, 1987–8, 2001–2, his air crash ( July 1919), 1869–72, 2073–4, 2075–6, 2125 1878, 1879, 1883–4, 1927; and his and the establishment of the operation for appendicitis (October Middle East Department ( January 1922), 2091–2, 2100 n.1, 2113, 2124, 1921), and the Cairo Conference, 2128 1569, 1577, 1714 and Britain’s proposed trade and Palestine (1919–22), 1431–2, agreement with Soviet Russia, 1449–51, 1455, 1459–63, 1466–8, 1694, 1699–1701, 1703–5; and the 1472–3, 1476, 1483, 1484–5, 1488, Genoa Conference, 1757, 1814–16, 1491–4, 1495–7, 1498–1502, 1508, 1818–20, 1820–4, 1825–6, 1826–9, 1517–18, 1519, 1536–7, 1551, 1558– 1830–5, 1845, 1862–3, 1856–7, 1871, 61, 1569–70, 1585–90, 1592–1601, 1874–7, 1879, 1884–5, 1889, 1942, 1605–7, 1610–18, 1645, 1647–8, 1946, 1977–9 1650–5, 1659–60, 1662, 1670–1, his war memoirs, The World Crisis, 1672–4, 1675, 1678–80, 1682–3, 1477, 1562–3, 1707, 1712, 1752–3, 1688–90, 1692–3, 1697, 1714, 1723, 1767, 1916–17 2136 B I O G R A P H I C A L I N D E X

Churchill, Winston Leonard Spencer— Corbett, Sir Julian: 1563 continued Cornwallis-West, George: 1534 and an ‘untrue’ story, 1469–70 Cosgrave, W. T.: 1911, 1962, 1963, 1964, and House of Lords reform, 1456–9 2025, 2099 and the death of his mother Cox, (Sir) C. H. F.: 2090–1 (June 1921), 1522–36, 1566–7; and Cox, Sir Percy: 1439, 1440, 1442, 1471, the death of his daughter Marigold 1497–8, 1516–17, 1543–4, 1547–8, (August 1921), 1618–23, 1957; and 1549, 1555, 1566–7, 1572–3, 1580, the death of Sir Ernest Cassel (Sep- 1581–2, 1583, 1584, 1601–5, 1608, tember 1921), 1627; and the death 1610, 1624, 1625, 1647, 1648, 1663, of Sir John Brabazon (September 1668, 1675–6, 1677–8, 1690, 1748–9, 1922), 2025 1754–6, 1769, 1841–2, 1852, 1868–9, his memorandum on Unemploy- 1939–40, 1947, 1960, 1961–2, 1966, ment (September 1921), 1630–4, 1968–9, 1974–5, 1979, 1987–8, 1637–9, 1642–3, 1716–17; and on 2001–2, 2073–4, 2075–6 the safeguarding of Industries Act Cradock, Admiral Sir Christopher: 1563 (June 1922), 1917–18, 1929 Craig, Captain C. C.: 1780, 1836, 1909, his speech without notes (9 Febru- 1920 ary 1922), 1766 Craig, Sir James: 1508, 1661, 1685, 1724–5, and the purchase of Chartwell, 1732–3, 1743, 1752, 1782 n.1, 1796–7, 2014–15, 2027–8, 2070, 2118 1817, 1823–4, 1836–9, 1843, 1850, Clarke, Lieutenant-General (Sir) Trav- 1879–80, 1883, 1899–1900, 1900– ers: 2023, 2032 n.1, 2034 1901, 1904–5, 1909, 1910, 1919, Clifford, Sir Hugh: 1860 1923–4, 1937–9, 1948, 1952, 2113 Collins, Michael: 1515, 1649 n.1, 1685, Creedy, Sir Herbert: 1706 n.1 1709, 1724, 1725, 1728, 1729, 1732– Crewe, Marquess of: 1536, 1623, 1978 3, 1741–3, 1753, 1754, 1761, 1770, Cripps, Frederick: 1951 1771, 1780, 1792, 1796–7, 1811, Croal, J. P.: 1984 1813, 1817, 1823, 1824, 1836–9, Cromwell, Oliver: and Lloyd George, 2104 1846, 1848, 1852–3, 1854, 1864, Crowe, Sir Eyre: 1703–5 1867, 1881, 1882–3, 1891–4, 1898, Curtis, Lionel: 1736, 1897–8, 1923, 1899–1900, 1901–7, 1908, 1911, 1929, 1962–3, 1965, 2099 n.1 1913, 1919, 1921, 1923–4, 1943–4, Curzon, Earl (later Marquess): 1432-3, 1952–4; murdered, 1962, 1964–5 1451, 1453–4, 1456–7, 1464–5, 1472, Congreve, Lieutenant-General Sir 1483, 1486, 1499, 1501–5, 1508–10, W. N.: 1436, 1437–8, 1472–4, 1521–2, 1524–6, 1539–40, 1542–3, 1517–18, 1538, 1581, 1583, 1648–9, 1549–50, 1552, 1556–7, 1565, 1608 1659–60, 1692–3, 1716 n.1, 1618, 1634–5, 1636, 1656, 1661, Connaught, Duke of: 1427 1662–6, 1668, 1685–6, 1697, 1699– Constantine, King of Greece: 1482, 1701, 1703–5, 1730, 1734, 1736, 1754, 1508; flees his country, 2033, 2034, 1761, 1773 n.1, 1794, 1812–13, 1816, 2049, 2056 1851–2, 1867, 1871–2, 1875–7, 1884, Cope, (Sir) Alfred: 1740–1, 1743, 1771, 1889, 1839–40, 1977, 1987–8, 1989; 1796, 1863–4, 1881, 1890, 1898, and the Chanak crisis (of 1922), 1913, 1962–6, 2087 1998–9, 2005, 2007, 2009–10, 2017, B I O G R A P H I C A L I N D E X 2137

2019–20, 2020–2, 2025, 2031, 2038, Egypt, Khedive of: see index entries for 2046–7, 2050, 2053, 2054, 2075, Fuad, Ahmed 2077–8, 2082; and the fall of Lloyd Elgin, 9th Earl of: 1515–16, 1745 George, 2086, 2087, 2089, 2093, Einstein, Albert: 1727 2094–5, 2100, 2105–6, 2119–22 English, Sir Crisp: 2100 Esher, Viscount: 1533, 1740, 1794, 2015 Dajani, Aref: 1551 n.2, 2070, 2126 Daly, Jim: shot for mutiny, 1741 n.1 Essex, Countess of (Adèle Grant): 1710, Davidson, Randall: 1585 1712, 1713, 1946 Davidson, Sir Walter: 1731–2 Eyres-Monsell, B.: 1949 n.2 Davies, (Sir) J. T.: 1826–7 Dawson of Penn, Lord: 2100 n.1 Feisal, son of Hussein: 1428, 1447–8, De Bon, Admiral F. J. J.: 1473 1481, 1484, 1539, 1543–4, 1547–8, de Caix, Robert: 1430, 1432–3 1549, 1555, 1567, 1572–3, 1574, Deedes, (Sir) Wyndham: 1431–2, 1459 1580, 1582, 1592, 1601–5, 1608–9, n.1, 1926–7 1610, 1647, 1648, 1657, 1662–6, Delamere, 3rd Baron: 1746, 1749 1668, 1675–6, 1677–8, 1748, 1769, De la Panouse, A. C. C.: 2031 1807, 1840–2, 1851–2, 1868–9, De la Rocca, E. M. J. de P.: 2082 1871–2, 1946, 1947, 1959–60, 1961– Denikin, General A. I.: 1483, 1705, 2015 2, 1966, 1967–9, 1973–5, 1978–9, Derby, 17th Earl of: in Paris, as Ambas- 1987–8, 2050, 2073–4, 2076 sador, 1463, 1506, 1725, 1783, 1810, Ferdinand, King of Bulgaria: 1980 1886–7, 1887–8, 1890, 2093 n.2 Fiddes, Sir George: 1604 Desborough, Lady (Ethel Fane): 1527, Fisher, H. A. L.: 1443, 1482, 1483, 1485, 1949 1486, 1575, 1605, 1608 n.1, 1609, De Valera, Eamon: 1624 n.1, 1635 1656, 1657, 1658–9, 1661, 1675, n.1, 1738, 1774, 1775, 1779, 1780, 1685, 1697, 1730, 1732, 1734, 1739, 1792, 1811, 1857, 1859, 1863, 1871, 1740, 1761, 1762 n.1, 1779, 1780, 1882–3, 1891, 1892, 1893, 1897–8, 1783, 1791, 1792, 1793, 1798, 1806, 1899–1907, 1909, 1914, 1915, 1963, 1807, 1813, 1814, 1839, 1841, 1852, 1965, 2032 1878, 1906, 1922, 1926; and the fall Devlin, Joseph: 1837, 1839, 1844 of the Coalition, 2071–2, 2075, 2082, Devonshire, 9th Duke of: 1810, 2093 2082–3, 2088–9, 2113, 2114, 2126 n.2, 2127 n.1 Fisher, Admiral of the Fleet Lord: 1477 Diggle, Commander (later Captain) Fitzalan, Viscount (formerly Lord N. W.: 1718 Edmund Talbot): 1706, 1717, 1737, Disraeli, Benjamin: 1445, 2102 1864, 1938, 1945 n.1 Duggan, E. J.: 1649 n.1, 1729, 1898, 1963 Foch, Marshal Ferdinand: 1686, 1822, 2063 Eder, Dr M. D.: 1496, 1682–3 Forster, Baron: 2016, 2054–6 Ednam, Viscountess: 1949 Fox, Colonel C. V.: 1544 Edward VII, King: 1842 n.1 Frankfurter, Felix: 1679 Edward, Prince of Wales (later King Franklin-Bouillon, Henri: 1656, 1663–4, Edward VIII): 1427, 1526, 1697, 2016, 2055, 2057, 2065, 2068, 2074–5 1709–10, 1932, 1933, 2118 n.1 Fraser, Sir J. M.: 1726 2138 B I O G R A P H I C A L I N D E X

Fraser, General (Sir) Theodore: 1684 Grigg, (Sir) Edward (later Baron Alt- French, Field Marshal Sir John (later rincham): 1486 n.1, 1532 n.1, 1626, Earl of Ypres): his ‘dauntless cour- 1762 n.1, 1967 n.1, 2032 n.1 age’, 1456 Grove, H. M.: 1815 Fuad, Ahmed, Khedive of Egypt (later Guest, F. E.: 1554, 1690–1, 1692, 1702, King): 1443–7 1762 n.1, 1783, 1791, 1800 n.1, 1817, 1907, 2011, 2071 Gallagher, William: 2122 n.2 Guinness, Walter (later Baron Moyne):1843 Gandhi, M. K.: 1644–5, 1650, 1656, 1771 Gwynne, H. A.: 1657, 1873–4 Garroni, Marquis E. C.: 1983, 2077 Gwynne, R. S.: 1888 Geddes, Sir Auckland (later Baron): 1483, 1558, 1985 Haj Amin el-Husseini (later Mufti of Geddes, Sir Eric: 1575, 1640, 1641, 1750, Jerusalem): 1450 1758–60, 1768, 1776, 1777–9, 1784 Hajj Tewfick el Hammad: 1612 George V: 1518–19, 1625, 1691, 1717– Haldane, Viscount: 1456 18, 1722–3, 1729, 1732–3, 1760–1, Haldane, Lieutenant-General (Sir) 1779–80, 1793, 1795, 1798–9, 1817, Aylmer: 1471, 1475–6, 1548–9, 1554, 1835, 1842–4, 1845, 1858–9, 1870, 1570, 1572, 1574, 1576, 1579, 1580, 1882–3, 1906, 1908–9, 1922, 1952, 1581, 1590–1, 1624, 1626, 1647, 2092, 2128 1676, 1690, 1695 Gerard, Teddy: 1768 Hamid Hasancan Bey: 1983, 2058 Getty, J. Paul: 1753 n.1 Hamilton, General Sir Ian: 1619–20, Ghika, Prince: 2019 2123 Gladstone, W. E.: 1445, 1483 Hamilton, Lady (Jean Muir): 1933, 2123 Glyn, Ralph (later Baron): 1889 Hankey, Colonel Sir Maurice (later Goulding, Sir E. A. (later Baron War- Baron): 1438–9, 1558 n.2, 1816–17, grave): 1845 1945, 2075 n.1, 2088 Gouraud, General Henri: 1431, 1473, Harding, President Warren G.: 1558 1583, 1602, 1603, 1960, 1966 n.1, 1564, 1644 Graham, Sir Ronald: 2055–6 Hardinge, Baron: 2017, 2042, 2057 Greene, Max: murdered, 1811 Harington, General Sir Charles: 1482, Greene, Sir W. Grahame: 1494–5, 1767 1486, 1487, 1489, 1506–7; and the Greenwood, Sir Hamar: 1706, 1724, Chanak crisis (of 1922), 1993, 1995, 1770, 1774, 1843, 1870, 2117 1996, 1997–8, 2000 Greig, Sir J. W.: 1861 Harmsworth, Sir R. L.: 2125 n.1 Gretton, Colonel John (later Baron): 1909 Hartigan, Dr Thomas: 2100 n.1, 2118 Grey, Sir Edward (later Viscount): 1621, Harvey, George: 1556 1666, 1696, 1721, 2052, 2071 Hayashi, Gonsuke: 1512 Griffith, Arthur: 1649n.1 , 1685, 1709, Haycraft, Sir Thomas: 1459 n.1, 1588, 1722–3, 1725, 1728, 1729, 1741–3, 1653 1753, 1754, 1797, 1813, 1823, 1824, Hewart, Sir Gordon (later Viscount): 1838, 1848, 1853, 1864, 1867, 1890, 1483, 1706 n.1, 1780, 1791, 1903 1898, 1901–7, 1908, 1911 ; his death Higham, Sir Charles: 1776 ‘a severe blow’, 1957, 1962, 1964–5 Hills, J. W.: 1843 Griffith-Boscawen, A. S. T.: 2075, 2086 Hitler, Adolf: 1450 n.1 B I O G R A P H I C A L I N D E X 2139

Hoare, Sir Samuel (later Viscount Kemal, Mustafa.: 1480–2, 1486–7, Templewood): 1672, 1698 1490–1, 1507, 1509, 1521, 1537, Hobhouse, Sir Charles: 2073 1539, 1584, 1628–9, 1648, 1656, Hogge, J. M.: 1760 1663, 1668, 1764, 1988 n.1, 1992– Horne, Sir Robert (later Viscount): 2014, 2016–24, 2025–7, 2028–73, 1427 n.2, 1435, 1478, 1483, 1575, 2105 n.1, 2106 1605, 1634, 1661, 1740, 1815, 1816, Kemal, Yussuf: 2002 1818–19, 1820–1, 1825–6, 1878, Kennedy, Hugh: 1903–4 1941, 1984, 2089 Kenworthy, J. M. (later 10th Baron Horwood, General Sir W. T. F.: 1920 Strabolgi): 1575 n.1, 1795 Hozier, Lady Henrietta Blanche: 1708, Kerensky, Alexander: 1607 n.1, 1847 1711, 1931 Keyes, Sir Roger (later Baron): 1767 Hozier, Lieutenant-Commander Wil- Kirke, General.W. M. St G.: 1911 liam Ogilvy: 1443 Kitchener, Field-Marshal Earl: and the Hudson, Sir Robert: 1951 siege of Antwerp in 1914, 1740 n.q Hughes, Charles Evans: 1558 n.1, 1564 Knollys, Viscount: 1529–30, 1844 n.1, 1644 Kolchak, Vice-Admiral A. V.: 1705 Hughes, W. M.: 1512, 1540, 1557, Krassin, L. B.: and Britain’s negotia- 1566, 1606, 1941; and the Chanak tions with Soviet Russia, 1699–1700, crisis (of 1922), 2002–3, 2008–10, 1703–5, 1831, 1832, 1977 2013–14, 2016–17, 2020–1, 2030, 2054–5, 2057–8, 2063, 2079 Lamb, Sir Harry: 2069–70 Hussein, King of the Hejaz (‘King of Lambert, George (later Viscount): the Hedgehogs’): 1552, 1595 1477, 1575, 1726 Lampson, Commander Oliver Locker-: Ibn Saud: 1484, 1552, 1582 1477–8, 1814 Ibrahim Hilmi: 1681 Landman, Samuel: 1467–8 Inskip, (Sir) Thomas (later Viscount Lane-Fox, George (later Baron Bing- Caldecote): 1888 ley): 1888 Ironside, Sir W. E. (later Baron): 1554, Laski, Harold: 1681 1570, 1572, 1574, 1577, 1624 Lavery, Lady: 2096–7 Islington, Lady (Anne Dundas): 1532 Lavery, Sir John: 2096–7 Islington, Lord: 1936–7, 1966 Law, Andrew Bonar: 1433–4, 1498, Ismet Pasha (later Inönü): 2068, 2072, 1509, 1618, 1666, 1712–13, 1752, 2076, 2078 1789–90, 1826, 1833, 1862, 1922; and the Chanak crisis (of 1922), Jaafar Pasha: 1483 2079, 2080, 2089, 2090 n.1, 2092, Jackson, Admiral (Sir) Thomas: 2094–5, 2098, 2100–2102, 2102–4, 1562–3, 1752 2107, 2116, 2123, 2126, 2129 Jacob, General Sir Claud: 1765 Lawrence, H. G.: 1946 Jellicoe, Viscount (later Earl): 2004, Lawrence, M. R.: 1775–6 2012, 2052 Lawrence, Colonel T. E.: 1428, 1497 Jones, Dr Thomas: 1522, 1913 n.1, 1516 n.1, 1549, 1552, 1602, Joynson Hicks, Sir William (later Baron 1689, 1714–15, 1775–6, 1807, 1841, Brentford): 1926 1925, 1930, 1960, 2122, 2124–5 2140 B I O G R A P H I C A L I N D E X

Lee of Fareham, Lord: 1575, 1695, tion speculation (early 1922), 1725–6, 1817, 1999, 2012–13, 2023, 2024, 1806–7, 1807–8; and India, ‘we were 2041, 2053–4, 2089 now masters’, 1765; Churchill’s Lenin, V. I.: 1735, 1753, 1815, 1831–2, political advice to (February 1922), 1890 1786–7 (and March 1922), 1810–11; Leslie, (Sir) John: 1809, 1813 and the recognition of Soviet Russia, Leslie, Lady (Leonie Jerome): 1804–5, 1818– 21, 1825–9, 1830–5, 1866–7, 1809, 1813 1874–5, 1876–7, 1884–5, 1942, 1977; Lindley, (Sir) Francis: 2032–3, 2034, 2056 and safeguarding, 1917–18, 1929; Lloyd George, David: 1433, 1434; and and the conduct of Government the Graeco-Turkish dispute, 1436, business, 1928; and the ‘honours 1482–3, 1486, 1489–91, 1521–2, scandal’, 1932–3, 1934; and Conser- 1584, 1677, 1728, 1734, 1755, 1773 n.1, vative discontent with the Coalition, 1980–1, 1988–92; and Mesopotamia 1949, 1984–5; and Britain’s declara- (Iraq), 1439, 1447, 1474–5, 1498–9, 1500, tion of war on Turkey (in 1914), 1501–2, 1573, 1574, 1582–3, 1602, 1978–9; and the Chanak crisis (of 1626, 1664, 1738–40, 1748, 1851–2, September 1922), 1992–2014, 2016– 1966, 1967–70, 1973–4, 1977–8, 1978–9; 24, 2025–7, 2028–73, 2074–85, 2088; and Franco-German relations, 1443, and the fall of the Coalition, 2071–2, 1447–9, 1677; and his personal rela- 2082, 2085–6, 2087, 2088–90, tions with Churchill, 1451, 1463–4, 2092–3, 2095–6, 2097–128 1466, 1477–8, 1712, 1750, 1752, 1780, Lloyd, (Sir) George (later Baron): 1775 n.1 1783; and Arab history, 1483; and Lloyd-Graeme, Sir P.: 1949 n.2, 1967 n.1 Curzon’s dispute with Churchill over Londonderry, Marchioness of (Edith foreign policy pronouncements, Chaplin): 1766 1501–6, 1508–10, 1542–3; and the Londonderry, 7th Marquess of: 1838, death of Lady Randolph Churchill, 1899, 1900–1901, 2096, 2122–3 1523–4; and the United States, Long, Walter (later Viscount): 1562 n.1, 1872 1556–7, 1557–8, 1563–6, 1634–5; Loucheur, Louis: 1432, 1686–8, 1694, and Zionism, 1558–61, 1569–70, 1830, 1956, 2127 1605; and the public demand for Lytton, Lady (Pamela): 1954–5, 1985–6 economy (‘anti-waste’), 1575, 1630– Lytton, 2nd Earl of: 1469, 1955, 1985–6 4, 1637–9, 1642–4; and India, 1655, 1656; and Ireland, 1661, 1684–5, Macaulay, T. B.: 1727, 1744 1690–1, 1706, 1710, 1724, 1728, MacCallum Scott, Alexander: 1858, 1730–1, 1732, 1734, 1736, 1770, 1861, 1863 1852–3, 1861, 1864, 1867–8, 1902, McCurdy, C. A.: 1716–17, 1726, 1783, 1905, 1910, 1913–16, 1916, 1962; 2114, 2115 n.1 and Egypt, 1661, 1730; and his pos- MacDonald, D. J.: 1803, 1861, 1865, sible resignation (1921–2), 1666–7, 1873, 1886, 1896, 2108, 2122 n.2 1788–91; and disarmament, 1677, MacDonald, Ramsay: 1735 1695–7; and Savinkoff’s visit to Che- Macdonogh, General Sir George: 1717, quers, 1701, 1705; and the Russian 1724, 1769, 1774, 1945 n.1, 2032 famine, 1797; Churchill’s defence of McHardy, Major-General A. A.: 2023 (January 1922), 1718–21; and elec- McKenna, Reginald: 1620, 1658 n.1, 2096 B I O G R A P H I C A L I N D E X 2141

McKenna, Stephen: 1658 Mentz, Hendrik: 1568 Mackenzie King, W. L.: 1867, 1992, 1995–6 Midleton, 9th Viscount (later Earl): McKeown, Shane: 1867, 1915 1738, 1852 Maclean, Sir Donald: 1719, 1757, 1758, Miller, Colonel E. D.: 1927 1792, 1844 Milner, Viscount: 1437, 1441, 1444–7, McMahon, Sir A. H.: 1805, 2125 1454, 1509, 1510, 1650, 1774 McMahon, Owen: murdered, with his Mitchell, W. ‘Billy’: 1799–1800 family, 1823 Mitchell-Thomson, Sir W.: 1949 Macmillan, Lady Dorothy: 1949 Mohamed Said Pasha: 1446 Macnamara, T. J.: 1483, 1791, 1862, Mond, Sir Alfred (later Baron 1967 n.1 Melchett): 1448, 1482, 1486, 1575, McNeill, Ronald (later Baron Cushen- 1605, 1638–9, 1692–3, 1706 n.1, den): 1798, 1922 1730, 1967 n.1, 2075, 2089, 2097–9 Macready, Major-General (later Gener- Money, Sir L. G. Chiozza: 1740, 1753 al) Sir C. F. N.: 1770–1, 1775, 1785, Montag, Charles: 1949, 1958–9 1786, 1847, 1848, 1854–5, 1889, Montagu, Edwin: 1427, 1436, 1462, 1893, 1894, 1902, 1919, 1945 1465, 1468–9, 1470, 1472, 1482, Malaviya, Pandit M. M.: 1697, 1955 1486, 1513–16, 1542, 1549–50, 1605, Malkin, (Sir) H. W.: 1608 n.1, 1609 1608 n.1, 1621, 1644–5, 1649–50, Mallet, Sir Lewis: 1949 1664, 1667–8, 1694, 1697, 1706 n.1, Malone, Colonel C. J. L’Estrange: 1515 1709, 1727–8, 1730, 1736, 1739, Marie, Empress: 1625, 1629–30 1743–7, 1748, 1749–50, 1752, 1756, Marden, Major-General Thomas: and 1758 n. 2, 1762 n.2, 1764–5, 1767, the ‘Chanak crisis’, 2031 n.1, 2049, 1770, 1773, 1774, 1781, 1783, 1784, 2058, 2059–60, 2062 1791, 1793; forced to resign, 1798, Marlborough, Duchess of (Consuelo): 1805–6, 1985–6, 2105 1708, 1711–12 Montagu, Venetia: 1621 Marlowe, Thomas: 1477–8 Montague-Barlow, Sir A.: 1949 n.2 Marriott, (Sir) J. A. R.: 1926 Morel, E. D.: 2094 n.1, 2109, 2122 n.2 Marsh, (Sir) Edward: 1641–2, 1657–8, Morgenthau, Henry: 1999–2000 1708, 1729, 1769, 1804, 1869–70, Moriarty, Louis: 1533 1923, 1957, 1959, 1970 n.1, 1993 n.2, Morley, Viscount: 1469–70, 1645, 1650, 2087, 2119, 2125 1730–1 Mary, Queen: 1518–19 Mosley, (Sir) Oswald: 1760–1, 1766, 1774 Massey, W. F.: 1512, 2013–14, 2023, Mountbatten, Lord Louis (later Earl): 2030, 2052, 2057–8, 2079 1931; his wedding, 1934 Masterton Smith, (Sir) James: 1604, 1626, Mulcahy, R. J.: 1771, 1962–3, 1964–5 1640, 1662, 1672–6, 1682, 1706 n.1, Musa Kasim Pasha el-Husseini: and the 1718, 1729, 1770, 1853, 1879–80, Palestinian Arab protests against 1901, 1930–1, 1937–9, 1945 n.1 Jewish immigration, 1449, 1451, Maurice, General Sir Frederick: 1752 1591 n.2, 1593, 1598, 1600, 1612, Meinertzhagen, Colonel Richard: 1672, 1679–80 1480–2, 1497 n.w, 1516 n.1, 1570–1, 1645, 1659 n.1, 1669, 1683, 1714 Napoleon: and Churchill, 1766 Mellon, Andrew: 1564 n.1 Newdegate, Sir Francis: 1507–8 2142 B I O G R A P H I C A L I N D E X

Newman, Sir George: 1595 Poincaré, Raymond: 1832, 1956, 1959, Nicholas II, Russian Tsar: 1625 n.1 1989, 2005, 2020, 2021–2, 2025, Nicholas of Greece: 2056 2031, 2038, 2057, 2078, 2082 Niemeyer, (Sir) Otto: 1736 Porch, Montagu: 1502, 1523 Ninchich, Momchilo: 2018 Pratt, (Sir) John: 1863 Norman, H. C.: 1451 Norman, Montagu: 1840 Radcliffe, Brigadier-General (later Gen- Northcliffe, Lord: 1477, 1478, 1558, eral Sir) Percy de B.: 1516 n.1, 1581 1630, 1735, 1872, 1879, 1932; his Raffet Pasha (Refet Bele): 2091 death, 1951 Ramadan Shallash: 1583 Northey, General Sir Edward: 1514 Ranksborough, Lord: his death, 1456 Rathenau, Dr Walter : 1688 Oakley, F. I.: 1803, 2112–13 Rawlinson, General Sir Henry (later O’Connor, Rory: 1864 n.1, 1892 Baron): 1869 O’Connor, T. P.: 1858 Reading, Earl (later Marquess): 1427, O’Farrell, Michael: 1912 1556, 1645 n.1, 1697, 1709, 1756, 1771 O’Higgins, Kevin: 1649 n.1, 1837, 1838, Reid, Whitelaw: 1469–70 2024–5, 2096, 2099 n.1 Reilly, S. G.: ‘notorious’, 1704 Oliver, Vice-Admiral Sir Henry: 1684 Richmond, E. T.: 1714 O’Neill, Laurence: 1964 Riddell, Sir George (later Baron): 1661, Onslow, Earl of: 1949 n.2 1722, 1879 Ormsby-Gore, W. G. A. (later 4th Baron Ritchie, Sir George: his death, 1683–4 Harlech): 2089, 2127 Robertson, J. C.: 1895–6, 2079–81, 2092–6 Owen, Harold: 1976 Robespierre: 1701 n.1 Rooke, Sir George: 1750 Page Croft, Henry (later Baron): 1859 Rosebery, 5th Earl of: 1528 Painleve, Paul: 1711 Rosita Forbes, Joan: 1930–1 Palin, General Sir P. C.: 1450 Rothermere, Baron (later Viscount): Pangalos, General: 2033 n.1 1630, 1643, 1932, 1951 Pasich, Nikola: 2018 Rothschild, Lord: 1654 Patrick, Major-General M. M.: 1799 n.1 Rothschild, Mrs Leopold de: 1932 n.1 Peel, Viscount: 1773 n.1, 1967 n.1, Rumbold, Sir Horace: 1983, 1988 n.1, 1986, 2082, 2093 n.2 1998–9, 2005, 2017, 2019, 2031, Pellé, General M. C. J.: 1983, 2019, 2033, 2046, 2048, 2051, 2055, 2060, 2030–1, 2077 2062, 2064, 2074, 2076–7, 2082 Pemberton Billing, Noel: 1515 Runciman, Walter (later 2nd Baron): Philip, Joseph: 1795, 1829–30, 1865–6, 1535, 1865, 2107 1873 Russell, Edward: 1558 n.2 Pilkington, R. R.: 1865, 2098, 2116, Rutenburg, Pinhas: 1560 n.1, 1607, 2122 n.2 1729, 1926 Plasteras, General: 2033 n.1 Rutland, Duchess of: 1814, 1933 Plumer, General Sir Herbert (later Viscount): 2003 St Davids, Viscount: 1632 Plunket, Benjamin (Bishop of Meath): Sainte-Aulaire, Auguste de: 1433 1738 Sacher, Harry: 1596 n.1 B I O G R A P H I C A L I N D E X 2143

Saiyid Talib: 1483 Sokolow, Nahum: 1467 n.1, 1493–4, Salisbury, 3rd Marquess of: 1807, 2012 1596 n.1 Salisbury, 4th Marquess of: 1824–5, Solly-Flood, General A.: 1910 2071, 2093 Southborough, Lord: 1530 Salmond, Major-General Sir. W. G. H.: Spiers, Captain (later Brigadier-General 1441, 1567 Sir) E. L.: 1526, 1711, 2113 n.1 Salvidge, Sir Archibald: 1782 Stamfordham, Lord: 1625, 1629–30, Samuel, Sir Herbert: 1430, 1449–51, 1769, 1845, 1882–3, 2092, 2128 1455, 1459–63, 1466–7, 1473, 1476, Stanley, Sir Albert (later Baron Ash- 1483, 1485, 1491–3, 1495–7, 1499, field): 1888 1536–7, 1559, 1560, 1561, 1586, Stanton, Colonel E. A.: 1451 1587–90, 1595, 1599, 1605, 1617, Steed, Henry Wickham: 1887 1560–5, 1662, 1670–1, 1688–90, Stevenson, Frances (later Countess 1697, 1981–2, 2083 Lloyd-George): 1451, 1815–16 Sassoon, Sir Philip: 1483, 1583, 1711, Stevenson, Sir James (later Baron): 1772–3, 1794, 1826, 1878–9, 1883–4, 1437, 1607, 1862 1931, 1933, 1948, 2113, 2118, 2126 Stubbs, Sir R. E.: 1795 Saunders, Sir R.: 1949 n.2 Sturrock, J. L.: 1858, 1861 Savinkoff, Boris: 1699–1701, 1703–5 Surtees, Brigadier-General H. C.: 2025 Schanzer, Carlo: 1927, 2017 Sutherland, 5th Duke of: 1496 n.1, Scott, C. P.: 1792, 2073, 2116–17 1753 n.1 Scrymgeour, Edwin: 2094 n.1, 2122 n.2 Sutherland, Sir William: 1863 Sforza, Count Carlo: 2022 Sydenham, Lord: 1592 n.3, 1672, 1926 Shaikh Kazal: 1484 n.1, 1966–7, 1970–2, 1975–6 Shea, General Sir John: 1450 Shortt, Edward: 1799, 1920 Talbot, Lord Edmund: see index entry for Shuckburgh, (Sir) John: 1468, 1497 Fitzalan, Viscount n.1, 1499, 1508, 1516 n.1, 1547, Tallents, (Sir) Stephen George: 1706 n.1 1554–5, 1625, 1659 n.1, 1662, 1668– Thomson, D. C.: 1885–6, 2108–10 70, 1672–6, 1679–80, 1682, 1683, Tilden, Philip: 2118 1693 n.1, 1697, 1714–15, 1721–2, Townshend, General Sir Charles: 2106 1723, 1729, 1735, 1805, 1820, 1840, Trenchard, Sir Hugh (later Viscount): 1853, 1925, 1930–1, 1959–60 1436, 1439, 1480,1554–5, 1561, Shuttleworth, General (Sir) D. I.: 2031 1570, 1572, 1577, 1578, 1579, 1582, Sidebotham, Herbert: 1596 n.1 1623, 1624, 1669–70, 1739, 1781, Simon, Sir John: 1858, 1861 1800 n.1, 1817, 1869; and the Sims, Charles: 1895 Chanak crisis (of 1922), 1997, 2004, Sinclair, Sir Archibald (later Viscount 2010–11, 2034, 2035–6, 2051, 2071, Thurso): 1621–2, 1624, 1639–40, 2090–1 1757, 1927, 2015–16, 2029–30, 2125 Trikoupis, General N.: 1981 Slater, Colonel S. H.: 1975 Trotsky, Lev D.: 1832, 1890 Smith, F. E.: see index entry for Birken- Tryon, G.: 1949 n.2 head, 1st Earl of Tudor, Brigadier-General (later Major- Smuts, Jan Christian: 1545, 1567–8, 1606, General Sir) H. H.: 1796, 1851, 1773, 1877, 1965, 2028–9, 2086, 2095 1854; in Palestine, 2061, 2090–1 2144 B I O G R A P H I C A L I N D E X

Untermeyer, Sam: 1569–70 Wilson, (Sir) Leslie: 1928 Wilson, Woodrow: 1564 n.1, 1565 Venizelos, Eleutherios: 1482, 2041, Wimborne, Lady Cornelia: 1528–9, 2045, 2049, 2063, 2069, 2072, 1536 2077–8, 2082, 2085 Wimborne, 2nd Baron: 1531 Vernon, R. V.: 1516 n.1, 1555, 1562, Windsor, Viscount (later 2nd Earl of 1570–1, 1641, 1689, 1974 Plymouth): 1798 Victoria, Queen: 1445 Wingate, Sir Reginald: 1445 von Spee, Count Maximilian: 1513 Winterton, 6th Earl: 1949 n.2 Wodehouse, Lord (later Earl of Kim- Warde, Muriel: 1708 berley): 1950, 1951, 2113 n.1, 2119 Wardrop, General A. E.: 1671 Wolfe, Humbert: 2123–4, 2126 Watson, Colonel C. F.: 1915 Wood, Edward (later Viscount Halifax): Watson, E. M.: 1826–7 1468, 1949 n.2 Webb, Sidney (later Baron Passfield): 1874 Worthington Evans, Sir Laming: 1483, Weizmann, Dr Chaim: 1459 n.1, 1467 1486, 1488–9, 1519–21, 1538, n.1, 1558–61, 1569–70, 1586, 1588, 1553–4, 1574, 1605, 1656, 1664, 1589 n.1, 1596 n.1, 1600–1601, 1606, 1690, 1698, 1738–9, 1761, 1762 1653, 1662, 1672, 1673, 1678–80, n.1, 1769–70, 1774, 1785, 1786, 1682–3, 1714, 1941–2 1910, 1916, 1967 n.1, 1984; and Welldon, Bishop J. E. C.: 2129 the Chanak crisis (of 1922), 1996, Wellington Koo, V. K.: 1674 1998–9, 2004, 2006–7, 2012–13, Westminster, 2nd Duke of: 1622 n.1, 2037, 2042, 2084 n.2; and the fall of 1869 n.1, 1934, 1949 Lloyd George, 2089 Whitley, J. H.: 1896–7, 1906, 1909 Wrangel, General Peter: 1705 Wigram, (Sir) Clive: 1729, 1733 Wilkie, Alexander: 2094 Young, Major H.: 1431–2, 1452 n.1, Williamson, Sir Archibald (later Baron 1467–8, 1497 n.1, 1516 n.1, 1585, Forres): 1934 1592 n.2, 1595–1601, 1607, 1614, Wilson, Sir Henry: serves under 1615, 1617, 1668–9, 1689, 1881–2, Churchill at the War Office, 1436, 1970 n.1, 2050, 2075–6 1437–8, 1439, 1482–3, 1486, 1487, Young, E. Hilton (later Baron Kennet): 1528, 1620, 1648–9, 1661, 1684–5, 1639, 1736, 1967 n.1 1717, 1724, 1725, 1734–5, 1769–71, Younger, Sir George (later Viscount): 1774; leaves the War Office, 1782; 1726, 1772–3, 1791, 1825–6, 2087, enters Parliament, 1792, 1817, 2115 1839, 1845, 1854–5, 1857, 1859–60, 1888, 1901–2, 1907, 1909, 1914; Zaghlul, Saad: 1446–7, 1453–4, 1473, murdered, 1919–23, 1956 n.1; men- 1509, 1636, 1649 tioned, 2105 Zaharoff; Sir Basil: 1734