Biographical Index

Compiled by the Author

For subject headings, see under the index entry for Churchill, Winston S.

Aberconway, Baron: 1278 and Churchill's view offear, 638; and Adeney, Bernard: 1053 n. 2 the Rubber Restriction Scheme, 683; Adly Pasha: 724 n. I and the General Strike, 691, 692 n. I, 'Admiral Collard': the turkey cock, 1254 719; and Irish unemployment, 734, Ahmad Ziwar Pasha: 317 1390; and the Coal negotiations, 844; Ahmed Fuad Pasha: 318 and Trade Union legislation, 892 n. I; Aitken, Jane: dies, 1041 war service of, 947 n. I; and China, Alexander, Major A. C. B.: 182 949, 971; and Churchill's third Aley (the chauffeur): 144 budget, 983-4; and Palestine, 995; Alfonso XIII, King of Spain: 57 his Empire tour, 1030; and Churchill's Alington, Dr Cyril: 211, 1232-3, 1416- de-rating plans, 1215, 1219, 1243, 17 1266; finds Churchill in 'a naughty Alington, Mrs (Hester Margaret Lyttel­ mood', 1302; 'bubbling over with ton): 1232 excitement', 1302; and the proposed Allan, D. H.: and Churchill's de-rating Milk Tax, 1224-5; and Churchill's plans, 1149-50 fourth budget, 1274; and the proposed Allenby, Field-Marshal Viscount: in Zionist loan, 1304; and Tariffs, 1315 Egypt, 255, 256, 257, 275, 276-7, 390 n. I, 1333; describes Churchill at Altham, Captain Edward: 150-1 work, 1316-17; and the coming Amanullah Khan: loses his 'precarious General Election (of 1929), 1396; and throne', 1429 The World Crisis, 1418, 1434 n. I; and Amery, L. S.: 124, 125, 143 n. 3, 234, Churchill's political future, 1432-3, 239, 241- 2, 287-8, 289, 294-5, 31I, 1442-3, 1444-5, 1469; and Churohill's 315, 357, 370 n. I, 371, 397, 401, fifth budget, 1456 417 n. 1,430,431,432-3, 508, 1375; Anderson, Sir Alan: 540 and Iraq, 544 n. I, 545-6; and the Anderson, John (later Viscount Waver­ Iron industry, 556; and agricultural ley): his national insurance scheme, policy, 557; and the Loan Embargo, 263-4, 309, 314, 322, 401 , 408, 439, 564; and Empire Food Products, 461-2; and the Irish negotiations of 589-90; and the Irish negotiations of December 1925,603 n. 1,608 n. 1,612 December 1925, 615 n. I, 616-17; n. I; and the 1926 budget, 663; and and Middle East expenditure, 63 I ; Churchill's de-rating plans, 1253, 1257 BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX

Annaly, 3rd Baron: dies, 9 Churchill's oil commISSIOn, 68-g; in Arnold (at Chartwell): 1055, 1063, 1082, opposition (1923-4), 75, 77, 90, 93, 1321, 1324-5 99-100, 106, 107; and Churchill's 'Artful Dodger': Churchill described as, return to Conservatism, 113-14, 114- 687 16, 118, 119, 120, 122-3, 132, 135, Arthur, Sir George: 32 136, 138-40, 143 n. 3, 147, 152, 156, Ashley, Colonel W. W. (later Baron 161, 163-6,168,170,177,180,229-30; Mount Temple): 1204 and Churchill's entry into his Cabinet, Asquith, H. H. (later Earl of Oxford and 230,234,235,237,241-2; and National Asquith): 25, 35, 38, 41, 44, 67, 87-8, Insurance, 261 n. I, 271-3, 278, 327, 89,91,92, 97-8, 99, 100, 104-5, 105, 381,461-2; and Tariffs, 288-g0, 293- 190, 199,204,218,224,236,371,561, 4, 325-7, 490-3, 495-6, 683, 13 15, 644, 843 n. I, 934-5, 971 n. I, 979, 1317, 1318-19, 1322; reports to King 1060, 1199 n. I; dies, 1208; mentioned, George V on Churchill's parliamentary 1233, 1236, 1392 speeches, 299, 310-1 I, 458, 472-3, Asquith, Margot (later Countess of 476-8, 47g--80, 480-2, 484-5, 487-8, Oxford and Asquith): 46-7, 935, 499, 525-6, 661-2, 686-7, 688-9, 701, 1434 n. I 717-18, 723-4, 735, 739-40, 741- 2, Asquith, Raymond: his death in action, 893, 984-6, 1026-7, 1272-3, 1463-4; 1208 and the Navy Estimates crisis (of Aston, Brigadier-General Sir G. G.: 886 1924-5),303-7,355, 357-8, 376, 379, Astor, J. J. (later Baron): ll2, 713, 714 488-g, 495,508-10,512,514-15,517, n. I, 1469 519-21,549-50; and subsequent Navy Astor, Viscountess (Nancy Astor): 962, Estimates, 10.28, 1044, 1045, 1062-3, 1210, 1269 II 06, I ll6, ll.24, ll82, ll98-g; and Astor, 2nd Viscount (Waldorf Astor) : 126 an 'absurd' situation, 380; and the Atholl, 8th Duke of: 206 Trade Union Political Levy, 409-ll, Atholl, Duchess of (Katharine Ramsay) : 424 n. 1,428; Churchill impressed by, 206, 207, 210, 502 424, 426; Beaverbrook angered by, Atkins, J. B.: 629-30 430; and Foreign Affairs, 430-2, 450; Attlee, Major Clement: 489 n. 2, 1431 and Churchill's first budget (of 1925), Auriol, Vincent: 928 469, 483; and Churchill's Unemploy­ Avory, Sir H. E. (Judge Avory) : 83 ment policy, 494-5; Churchill's general correspondence with, on Cabinet Bacon, Mayor of Mimizan: 105 matters, 432-3, 548-51, 566-7, 588; Bailey, Sir Abe: 9, 15 n. 2,768, 1054 and the Coal crisis of 1925-6, 521-2, Baker, John: Churchill apologizes to, 523, 524, 528-g, 530-1, 540-2, 676; 1023 and the General Strike, 691, 702, Baillie-Hamilton, C. W.: 769 708-g, 7II-12, 713, 715, 716-18, 721, Bakel!, Ray Stannard: 1403-4 736-7; and the Air Estimates, 547, Balaam: Lord Derby compared with, 65 I 550; and War Debts, 553; and the Baldwin, Stanley: 'hated here in France', Budget plans (for 1926), 557 n. I, 19 n. 2; returns 'empty handed' from 619-21, 663, 672-4, 679-80; and the America, 23; and Churchill's possible Irish negotiations (of 1925), 614,617; entry into the Government (May defends Churchill's views of Soviet 1923), 48; Churchill's interview with Russia, 62 I; allows Churchill a day's (August 1923), 54-5, 56; 'no genius', holiday, 642; his relations with 62; and the 1923 election, 66, 67; and Churchill commented on, 650-1; and BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX 1479 the role of Sir Warren Fisher, 690; Conservative election defeat (1929), and the coal negotiations (of 1926), 1473; and the resignation honours list, 728-g, 733-4, 743, 748, 75 1, 759, 761 , 1474-5 763-4, 766-8, 77 1-5, 784, 786, 792, Baldwin, Mrs: 1066 796, 807-8, 808-g, 810, 813-16, 818- Balfour, Alice: 204, 1248-g, 1255 20, 821-2, 829, 834, 836, 837--9, Balfour, 1st Earl: 62-4, 65, 79, 80, 85, 840-3, 845-6, 848--9, 852, 867-70 ; 113, 122-3, 124-5, 127, 138-40, 152, and the preparations for the budget 173, 176, 184, 185, 189; Churchill's OfI927.897-8,911-13,914-15,942-3, report on the political situation to 944, 952-3, 978, 983-4; and China, (I September 1924), 190-3; and 913, 914, 917-18, 932-4; and Female Ireland, 195; and Tariffs, 203, 564; Suffrage, 961, 963-5; and Liverpool and the fall of the first Labour Conservatism, 973-4; 'we have got Government, 203-4, 217-18, 222, 234; on better & better', 974; and and War Debts, 282, 283, 284, 292, Churchill's plan to abolish rates for 340, 341, 342, 377, 505, 507, 1339, industry, 1006--10, 1010, IOII, 1126, 1342 n. 3,1365,1466,1467; Churchill's II 29, II 38, 1149, II 68-72, II 73, 'love' for, 296; and foreign affairs, 394, II 75-6, I181, 1247, 1250-1, 1253, 396--7,412-13,417; ill, 641, 643, 644, 1257-8, I 25g-OO, 1263-6, 1284-5; 65 1, 1247, I 243--g, 1255, 1332; and and Churchill's political future, 1050; the General Strike, 691 n. I; praises and Cabinet plans. 1055, 1056--7, Churchill's work at the Treasury, 742; 1239-40; 'most friendly', 1056; 'much and British naval policy, 1033, 1063; under the influence of Churchill', and Churchill's de-rating plans, 1186, 1060; and Boothby, 1113; and 1274. 1276; and the proposed Zionist Churchill's Treasury responsibilities, Joan (of 1928), 1304 n. 3; and naval 1207; pleased when Churchill praised, disarmament, 14.02-4, 1408--9; attends 1243; and Churchill's growing popu­ the Cabinet, 1423; comments on The larity, 1278; and Churchill's in­ Aftermath, 1438-9 fluenza, 1287-6; and the budget Ball, Ernest: 1286 debates of 1928, 1292-3, 1298-Q; and Balsan, Consuelo: 107 n. 3, 110, 238-9, Churchill's plan for diagnosing the 423 n. I, 428-9, 640 n. 3, 641, 645, economic situation, 1308; his advice 824, 906, 908, 919, 1204, 1226, 1238 to Churchill, 1319, 1326--7; Chur­ n. I chill's report to, 1332-3; and Anglo­ Balsan, Colonel Jacques: 647, 12:16 American relations, 1352; 'green with Baring, Francis Anthony: 22 I envy', 1366; 'almost mute', 1370; Baring, Hugo: 220-1 leaves Churchill 'in chaIge', 1383; Baring, Maurice: 920 n. I 'you are still a child', 1385; 'greedy' Barker, George: 847 for The World Crisis proofs, 1411-12; Barnes, Dr E. W.: 1083 and an emergency Cabinet, 1421; and Barnes, John: quoted, 1044 n. I Churchill's political future, 1430, Barnes, Major-General Sir Reginald: 1433, 1440 n. I, 1442-3, 1444-5, 1452, 226 1461; Conservative faith is said to have Barrie, Sir James: 240-I 'evaporated', 1451; and ChUlchill's Barrymore, Ethel: 336 n. I election ideas, 1453-4; and financial Barrymore, John: 449 policy in Churchill's fifth budget, Barstow, Sir George: 70, 72-3, 241, 1455, 1458; describes Churchill's fifth 248-9; and the Navy Estimates of budget as 'brilliant', 1464; and the 1925, 266-7, 286 n. I, 372, 398, 420, BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX

Barstow, Sir George-contd. secution' of Churchill, 532-3; his 437, 446 n. I, 460; and the high cost memoirs and Churchill, 560-2, 564-5; of Foreign Office telegrams, 285; and to be repulsed 'by events', 566; the Air Estimates of 1925, 291, 345; Churchill's dispute over the 1925 and the defence of Singapore, 330; Budget with, 567-71, 573, 588-9; and Egypt, 351-2; and telephone to go to ChartweIl, 638; and Lloyd development, 457-8; and social policy, George's Party Fund, 644; reports on 493-4; and Iraq, 543; and the Road Churchill's position in politics, 650-1; Fund, 602, 686; and Churchill's receives a report on life at ChartweIl, budget plans, 624, 632, 658; and 655-6; and the General Strike, 702, Airships, 626; and the Petrol Tax, 714 n. I, 718, 720-1, 736; and Mrs 678-g; instructed to 'brace himself', Norton, 824; and the Coal negotiations 685; and the 1927 budget, 944 n. I; of 1926, 835-6; and The World Crisis, and Pensions, 989; and War Office 884-5, 888-9, 890; sends 'a welcome expenditure, 1024-6; and Block Grants, gift', 894; invites Churchill to the 1109, I I 12; treated with 'discourtesy', cinema, 895; sends Churchill cigars, 1328 904-5; Churchill writes of friendship Barthou: 416 n. I, 1371 n. I and the future to,· 905-6; his own Baruch, Bernard: 2 I 7; at ChartweIl, 629 version of history, 970-1; and Chur­ n. 2, 1309, 1324 chill's third budget, 993; and a pos­ Bate, Vera: 929 sible cruise to Holland, 1013, 1029, Bateman (the groom): dies, 180 1044; his mother's death, 1041, 1042; Batey, Joseph: 661-2 Victor Cazalet's 'row' with, 1042; Bayly, Admiral Sir Lewis: 886 and 'talking pictures', 1051-2; his Bean, C. E. W.: 33, 36 visit to Russia, 1203-4; Churchill's Beatty, Admiral of the Fleet Lord: 5-6, historical recollections (of 1914) sent 10, II, 243, 253; and the Naval to, 1233-4; and the Royal Oak affair Estimates crisis of 1925,343, 356, 370, of 1928, 1235; 'You make me tear 373-6, 378-g, 379, 401 , 420, 424 n. 2, open old wounds', 1236; and 428-g, 503, 510 n. I, 514, 516, 518, Churchill's fourth budget, 1277; his 830,878; and the Naval Estimates of dramatic critic's criticisms, 1288 n. I; 1926-7,901,918, 1074, 1075-8, 1082, Churchill praises the writing of, 1290- 1090, 1093, 1099, 1107, 1108, 1114, I; and the Tariff crisis of 1928, II 74, 1424; and Churchill's The 13 I 8-I 9 ; and Lloyd George's accession World Crisis, 502-3; and Iraq, 625; to the Premiership, 1333-4; and and China, 991-3; and Jutland, 993; Churchill's view of unemployment, and Captain Dewar, 1235 1375; and the forthcoming election Beatty, Lady (Ethel Field): 'quite queer (of 1929), 1377, 1404; and The World & mad', 429 Crisis, 1417; describes Churchill's Beauchamp, 7th Earl: 87 pre-election mood, 145 I Beaverbrook, Lord: 54, 55, 56, 60 n. 2, Beckenham, H. A.: 9, 16, 40 67,69,110, III, 116, 121-2, 170,223; Becker, H. T. A.: 177 and Edwin Montagu's funeral, 258-g; Beckett, Muriel: 26, 519 n. I, 1068 purveys Cabinet gossip, 274, 358, BeIloc, Hilaire: 336 n. I, I I 13 38g-go, 475; attacking Churchill, Benes, Edouard: 1389 n. I 429-30; says Churchill 'born to Bennett, Arnold: 1204 n. I, 1376 trouble', 490; Rothelmere complains Benson, Martin: 1022 n. I to, about Churchill, 497-8; his 'per- Beresford, Lord Marcus: dies, 9 BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX

Bernau, W. H.: 15, 28-g 1038; refuses the Lord Chancellorship, Berry, Sir Gomer (later Lord Kemsley): 1239-40; and Churchill's failure to II85n. I get Cabinet Office (in December 19 I 6), Berry, Michael (later Lord Hartwell): 1333; his last Cabinet (in 1928), 1357; II85 n. I and India, 1432, 1452 Berry, Seymour (later 2nd Viscount Birkenhead, Countess of (Margaret Camrose): 1401 n. I Furneaux): 641, 646 Berry, Sir William (later 1st Viscount Birkin, Charles: I068-g Camrose) :436, 713, 7I4n. I, II85 n. I, Birkin, Vera: 1066 1288 n. I, 1401 n. I; critical of Birley, (Sir) Robert: 1232 n. I, 1253, Churchill, 1441 1294, 1299-1300, 1397-8, 1401-2 Berthelot, Philippe: 538 Birley, (Sir) Oswald: 1312 Beveridge, Sir William (later Baron): 'Biscuits!': Ramsay MacDonald met 74,323,540 n. 5, 1207 with cries of, 198 n. 2 Bikaner, Maharaja of: 389 Blaghd, Earmln de: 612 Birdwood, General: 382 n. 2 Blain, (Sir) H. E.: 177, 179 Birkenhead, 1St Earl of: 13, 18 n. I, 67, 'Blondin': Churchill likened to, 987 73, 99-100, II 4, II 6, 122, 135, 137, Blandford, Marquess of (later 10th Duke 147, 151-2, 161 n. I, 171, 173, 174, of Marlborough): 53, 1244 178, 185, 195, 229-30, 237; becomes Blumenfeld, Ralph D.: 532-3 Secretary of State for India, 256, 266, Bodkin, Sir A. H.: 52, 63, 64 275; the 'greatest' speaker, 296; on Boleyn, Ann: 746 Churchill's relationship with Baldwin, Bone, Professor W. A.: 594-5 358; protests about dinner conver­ Bonham Carter, Violet (later Baroness sation ratios, 371; and artillery for Asquith of Yarnbury) : 46 n. 3,87-90, Indian States, 382, 389; and the 92-4,97-8 Naval Estimates crisis of 1925 and Boothby, Robert: 743-4, 850-5, 855-6, after, 390 n. 1,420,426,434,453,495, 894, 920 n. I, 957-8, 1049 n. 2, 514, 518, 898, 900, I II 6--1 7, II2O-I, 1083-4, 1097, 1113, II 49, II61 n. I, 1123, 131 I; and the Coal crisis (of 1262, 127g-80, 1301, 1374, 1392-3, 1925-6),521 n. I; and Foreign Affairs, 1409 n. I; receives and reviews Th8 406, 430, 43 I ; intends to resign (May Aftermath, 1441; his 'warm sympathy' 1925),487; criticized, 541; and House fOI social justice, 1472 of Lord's reform, 559; and the 1925 Borden, Mary (Lady Spears): 4, 61, Budget, 568; and the Irish negotiations 114 ofDecember 1925, 603 n. 1,606,608-9, Borden, Sir Robert: 358,475,490, 740, 610, 612, 613, 615 n. I,; to go to 1199 n. I, 1404, 1451 Chartwell, 638; ill, 641, 646, 652; and Botha, Louis: 776 the Coal crisis of 1926, 676 n. I; and Bourne, Cardinal Francis: 717-18 the General Strike, 691, 702 n. 2, 713, Brace, William: 540 n. 5 716 n. I; and the Coal negotiations of Bracken, Brendan (later Viscount): 121, 1926, 729 n. I, 748, 826, 835, 837, 141, 144 n. 4, 159, 168, 171-2, 181-2, 842-3, 872 n. I; and Soviet Russia, 258; at Chartwell, 312; Churchill 732, 951-2; and China, 971; and seeks medical help for, 317, 331; Egypt, 1096 n. I; 'listless', 677; about reports on Churchill's activities, 1255 to add 'a new terror to death', 740; Bradbury, Sir John (later Baron): 292, 'bibulous', 745; 'fast asleep', 849; 437-8, 601 n. I 'contrite & ashamed', 931; 'in control', Brass, William: 1030 n. I BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX

Braxfield, Lord ('the Hanging Judge'): Buchan,John (later Baron Tweedsmuir): 854 n. I comments on The Aftermath, I448-g Briand, Aristide: 396, 416 n. I, 508, Buckingham, Sir Henry: works up 537-40,636,927, 1371 n. I, 1389 n. I agitation, 1027 Bridgeman, William (later Viscount): Buckmaster, Baron (later Viscount) : 44 criticizes Churchill's memoirs, 36; and Bull, Sir William: supports Churchill, Churchill's Chancellorship of the 240 n. 2 Exchequer, 253-4, 256; and the first Burgoyne, Sir Alan: 233 Naval Estimates crisis (1924-5), 278-g, Burnham, Viscount: 568, 570-1; and 307-8,341-2,343-4,349,350-1,356, the British Gazette, 693-700, 713, 359, 360, 375, 378-9, 383-8, 390, 714 n. I, 722; sells the Daily Telegraph, 397-400, 420, 453-4, 488-g, 503, II 85-6 508-10, 514-16, 517; and the Naval Butler, Sir Harcourt: 1465 Estimates crisis (1926), 641-2; and Butler, R. A. (later Baron): 160-1, the Naval Estimates of 1926-7, 1465 n. I 897-902, 935-7, 943-4, 946; and the Butterworth, Thornton: 25, 50, I 48-g, Navy Estimates of 1927-8, 1028, 236-7,1123 n. I, 1218-19, 1254, 1301, 1037-8, 1044-5, 1046, 1063, 1067, 1441 n. I 1069, 1072, 1075-8, 1082, 1088-g, Byng, General Sir Julian: 885 1096, 1097-8, II06, II 14-16, I II 6-1 7, 1122-3, II 50, II 82-5, II 98-9, II99- Cadbury, Edward: 713, 714 n. I 1200, 1209; and the Coal crisis (1926) Cadman, Sir John (later Baron): 1177 676 n. I, 691 n. I; and the Coal Caillaux,Joseph: 455 n. r, 506, 507, 532, negotiations (1926), 729 n. 1,781 n. I, 533 n. 1,537, 538-g, 553; Churchill's 802-3, 806, 807, 81 I, 814, 815, 816, 'farewell' lettcr to, 565, 573-4, 637-8, 821,849,867 n. 1,872 n. 1,873; and 668,681, 742, 1339, 1357-8, 1361 Foreign Affairs, 430; at Geneva, Caird, Sir Andrew: 695-6, 697, 689,700, 1032 n. I; and Jellicoe, 1072, 1073-4; 713, 718, 720 and the Navy Estimates of 1928-9, Call well, Major-General Sir Charles: 34 121 I; and naval supplies to Russia, Cameron, Mrs: 'a very rich fat lady', 1382; and the Royal Oak court martial, 429 1249-50; and the preparations for the Campbell,J. R.: 203-4, 205, 206, 207-8, 1929 budget, 1400, 1413-14, 1423-4; 214 and The Aftermath, 1436 Capel, Captain Arthur: his double Bridges, Sir G. T. M.: 1303 legacy, 928 n. 4 Brisbane, Arthur: 121 Carden, Vice-Admiral: 38 Brockway, Fenner (later Lord): 126 n. 3 Carnarvon, Lord: 1377 n. I Brooke, (Sir) J. R.: 678 Carson, Lord: 43, 184-5, 190-3, 195, Brown, John Lewis: 895 204,219, 221-2, 336 n. 1,956 Brown (at Chartwell) : 435 Carson, Lady (Ruby Frewen): 179 Brown, 'Teddy': Churchill protests Carter, Howard: 1377 n. I against imprisonment of, 1020-1 Cassel, Sir Ernest: 63, 81 Brownrigg, Sir Douglas: 80 Castlereagh, Viscount (latcr 8th Marquis Bruce, S. M. (later Viscount): 315, of Londonderry) : 1471 669-72 'Cat-burglar': Churchill described as, Bryce, Lord: his report on House of 687 Lords Reform, 576, 581, 582, 584, 585 'Catskill, Rupert': 53 Buchan, Alastair: 1448 n. I Cautley, Sir Henry (later Baron): 653 BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX

Cave, Viscount: 323, 559 n. 1,857,879, 1281-2; and American tyres, 996; and 891, 1239; dies, 1248, 1262 the cruiser programme crisis (of 1927), Cave, Lady: 1262 1037-8; and the proposed Zionist Cavendish, Lord Richard: 1049 n. 2 loan, 1304; ill, 1323; and Churchill's Cazalet, Peter: 312, 1042 comparable Cabinet experience, 1423; Cazalet, Victor: at Cannes with Chur­ and Ireland, 1428; and German chill, 13-14; at Chartwell, 296, 312; Colonies, 1451; and the Tea Duty, and Tariffs, 327; at Wilton House, 1457; and German reparations, 1466 5 I 9 n. I; his 'long talk' with Churchill, Chamberlain, Joseph: 130, 151, 192, 523; finds Churchill 'affectionate and 218, 219, 569, 586, 671, 746, 1139 vivacious', 908; finds Churchill 'in a n. I marvellous mood', 1042; and a Chamberlain, Neville: 69 n. I, 124, 158 Churchill story, 1060; and Churchill's n. I, 237; and Churchill's plans at the fourth budget, 1262; dines with Treasury, 263-4, 271-3, 278, 321-3, Churchill, 1324 401-5, 407-9, 418-19, 438-42, 454-5, Cecil, Lord Hugh (later Baron Quicks­ 460-1, 462; and Churchill's first wood): 436, 480, 655, 1043 n. I; budget, 476; his reflections on Chur­ attacks Churchill, 1428; his use of chill as Chancellor of the Exchequer, 'conscience', 1463 533-4; Churchill writes to, about Chelwood, Viscount Cecil of: 130-1, national insurance, 557-9; and Chur­ 347-9, 350, 390-2, 393-4, 395, 430, chill's social policy plans, 586; and 559 n. I, 1032 n. I, 1043 n. I; resigns, Churchill's 1926 budget, 632-3, 668- 1048-g, 1405, 1411, 1423, 1434 n. I 9,679-80; and Churchill's 'wonderful Cecilie, of Greece: 1349 entertainment' in the House of Com­ Chadwick, Sir Burton: I 19 n. I mons, 743, 744-5; and public expendi­ Chalmers, Sir Robert: 601 n. I ture, 844-5, 862, 952-3, 954 n. 1,979; Chamberlain, (Sir) Austen: 24, 66, 67, and Churchill's de-rating proposals, 83, 114-16, 117, 120, 122, 124, 143 1008, 1010-1 I, 1015, 1016, 1057, n. 3, 156, 170, 174; and Churchill's 1061-2, 1075, 1086-7, 1109, 1136, appointment as Chancellor of the 1138-g, 1148-9, 1151-7, 1160, 1162-5, Exchequer, 237, 244; and Russia, 1169, 1170, 1194 n. I, II 95, 1220, 244-6; and 'intercepts', 252-7, 380; 1227-9, 1236-8, 1243, 1247, 1250-2, and Egypt, 257, 275, 276, 654, 724, 725, 1253, 1256, 1257-8, 1259, 1263-4, 1038-g, 1096 n. I, 1175; and War 1276,1284; and Churchill's 'improved' Debts, 279-80, 302-3, 308-9, 333, position, 1045-6, 1046-7; and the 503-8, 536-40, 1309; and Foreign future leadership of the Conservative affairs, 303, 307, 321, 338 n. I, 348, Party, 1050, 1239-40; and Churchill's 358, 362-3, 383, 390 and Britain's fourth budget, 1284, 1292-3, 1295-9; return to the Gold Standard, 381-2, his reflections on Churchill as Chan­ 388; and the Sudan, 392-3; and the cellor of the Exchequer, 1327-9; sends evolution of the Locarno Agreements, Churchill a friendly note, 1428; his 393-7,406,413 n. 1,430-2,450,677; political future discussed, 1431, 1432- and Iraq, 545, 722, 1117-19; and the 3, 1441, 1442-3, 1452, 1470; and The Naval Estimates crisis (of 1925), 508, Aftermath, 1434; 'sagacious', 1455; 510, 511; and subsequent Navy Esti­ Lord Irwin writes to, about Churchill, mates, 1028; and the Air Estimates, 1462-3; and Churchill's fifth budget, 595-6; and the 1926 Budget, 635-6, 1468 639-40; and China, 971, 991, 1175, Chanel, Gabrielle: 928-9, 1059, 1286 BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX

Chang Tso-Lin: 'not yet out of the pit', Churchill, Lady Gwendeline: 8, 12, 19, 913,992 23, 180, 315 n. 2, 436, 450, 629 n. 2, Chaplin, Viscount: 24 675,677, 1067 Charteris, (Sir) Evan: 1402 Chw-chill, John George Spencer: 315 Chilcott, H. W.: II9 n. I n. 2, 1246, 1247 Chen,Eugene:932-3,934,937,991- 2 Churchill,John S.: 8, 12, 15-16, 19,23, CMron, Henri: 1371 n. I 24, 27-8, 109, 180, 315 n. 2,436,629 Chetwode, Lieutenant-General (later n. 2,676,878,909,912 n. 1,914, 1054, Field-Marshal Lord) Sir Philip: 243 1060, 1067, 1261 Chelmsford, Viscount: 266, 453 Churchill, Mary: 'blooming & sweet', Chiang Kai-Shek: 992 10; sends a 'birthday hug', 70; has Cholmondeley, Sibyl, Dowager Countess 'slight influenza', 109, IIO, II I, II4; of: 1013 n. I 'deprived' of gramophone, I.t-5; Chur­ Churchill, Clarissa: 315 n. 2, 629 n. 2 chill makes 'provision' for, 312-13; Churchill, Clementine: Churchill writes gives her father 'a beautiful kiss', 430; to, 8-10, 18-20, 22-3, 23-6, 53-4, 54- 'flourishing', 434; at Chartwell, 614; 5, 55-6, 56-g, 5g-60, 105-7, 108-10, 'disappointed', 643; 'a sweet', 647; I10, II 2-14, 144-6, 178-g, 17g-8I, breakfasts with her father, 676; sends 336-7, 423-5, 429-30, 433-4, 434-7, love to her mother, 850; 'growing 445, 449-50, 640- 1, 642-4, 65 1- 2, apace in looks and intelligence', 907; 676-7,850,907-8,go8-g,910-11,922, her portrait painted, 920 n. I; 'blos­ 927-g, 930, 938-g, 1054-5, 1055-6, soming', 938; and Stanley Baldwin, 1056-7, 1059, 1063-4, 1064-5, 1065-8, 1056; 'in the best of spirits', 1063; 1068-g, 1070-2, 1081-3, 1087, 1245- gracious, 1066, 1068; 'a picture of 6, 1246-8, 1253-4, 1260-1, 1277, 1286, health', 1246; and her house, 1325, 1321-2, 1324-6, 1349-50, 1351-2, 1384, 1471 1370, 1373-5, 1375-6, I 378-g, 1383, Churchill, Peregrine: 18,315 n. 2, 1247, 1384; Churchill's budget notes for, 1261 482-4; her letters to Churchill, 19 n. 2, Churchill, Lord Randolph: 134, 238, 110-12, 147, 335-6, 428-g, 644-5, 240 n. I, 345, 424, 470, 471 n. I, 474, 675-6,817,820,823-4,931-2,934-5, 594,852 n. 1,855 n. 1,990, 1043 n. I, 1058, 1072-3, 1244-5, 13 19-20, 1323, 1066, 1139 n. I, 1345 1471; her letters to Professor Linde­ Churchill, Lady Randolph: 445, 478, mann, 91, 316, 499; and the General 659 n. 1,969 n. I, 1041, 1065 n. I Strike, 716; the 'arboricidal mania' of, Churchill, Randolph: at Chartwell, 18; 777; knocked down by a bus, 1020; to 'sad', 20; and ChartwelI, 58; has go to Venice 'for a rest and change', measles, 94; his high spirits, 109, 110; 1052; and Mussolini, 1058; ill, 1205-6, his 'chilly school', I I I; recuperates, 1207, 1214, 1226, 1238, 1249, 1379, II4; visits Lord Rosebery, 178, 179- 1383; 'pretty stiff' with a servant, 1322 80; at the Wembley Exhibition, 183; Churchill, Diana: 26,56, 198, 423,434, returns to Eton, 198, 21 I, 221; glad 436, 'a wonderful charm & grace', that his father has been made Chan­ 676, 745, 776, 824, 850, 908, gog, cellor of the Exchequer, 238; his 929, 930; 'getting vy pretty', 938, schoolmaster's report, 327-8; a family 1057, 1063, 1065, 1067, 1081, 1083, visit to, 434, 436; on holiday with 1113, 1233, 1244, 1248, 1254, 1262, Lindemann, 499; receives essay advice 1283, 1286, 1323, 1341, 1370, 1374, from his father, 617-18; receives 1441 reading advice, 652-3; 6i6; observed BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX

at Chartwell, 745-7; in Yorkshire, 776; 2,915-16,957,966-8,971-3, 1021-2, and Mrs Norton, 824; travels with his 1144-6, 1432, 1459 father, 878, 886, 908, 909, 910, 912, Bricklaying: 389, 1335-6, 1340, 914; lunches with his father, 1085; 1347-8, 1350-1, 1357 apologizes for 'doing so badly' at the British Gazette: 692-700, 702, school, 883; disappoints his father, 703-7, 708-g, 710-11, 712-14, 715- 894; at a Community Singing, 895, 22, 723-4, 736-7, 739-40, 934, 1004, 904; 'obstinate', 897; at Holker Hall, 1014- 1049 n. 2; and Disraeli, 1059; wishes Canada: 394, 589, 670, 13 16-17 to visit Lindemann, 1064, 1073; and a the Carlton Club: 563 possible cruise, 1113; his mind 'de­ Chartwell: 9, 18-19,23,24,44,50, veloping fast', 1197-8; his handwriting 54-5, 55-6, 60, 106-7, 108-g, III, criticized by his father, 1200, 1201-2, 144-5; 166 n. I, 178,201,423-4,435- 1294, 1299; and his mother's illness, 6,542,640,642-3,646,651-2,655-6, 1!.!O5-6, 1238, 1379; Churchill visits 676-7,745-7,764-6,776-8,850,907, at Eton, 1210-11, 1233; at Chartwell, 922, 930, 938, 1012-13, 1054-7, 1244, 1246, 1247; his character, as 1063-4, 1065-8, 1082, 1246-7, 1261, seen by his father, 1253-4; goes with 1321-2, 1324-6, 1333, 1340-7, 1350 his father to Newcastle, 1260; ill, 1277; China: 901, 913, 914, 917-18, 918- hears Katherine Mayo, 1289; and 19,920,921-2,932-4,937-8,949,950, Divinity, 1299-1300; and Free Trade, 951,991-2, 1175, 1198, 1281-2, 1391- 1317; on manoeuvres, 1321; his le­ 2 ports 'not bad', 1324; further repOlts the Coal Industry, crisis and strike analyse his character, 1397-8, 1401-2; in: 493, 521-4, 526, 528-31, 540, 541, leaves Eton, 1416-17, 1418-19; critical 557, 574-5, 588, 590-1, 601-2, 602-3, of Baldwin, 1428 n. 2; 'a bitter Tory', 649,650,656-7,685,701,703-7,725- 1440-1; his health drunk, 1471; his 6, 728-31, 732-4, 743, 745-75, 776, first speech, 1472 778-829,831-5,836-47,848-50,851- Churchill, Sarah: 26, 70, 423, 425, 436, 6,862-3, 864-7,867-77, 87g-8o, 883, 641, 676, 850, 1054, 1073, 1244, 1246, 979 1471 the sale of the Daily Telegmph: Churchill, Winston S. and 1185-6 Afghanistan: 951, 1014, 1429, 1433 the Dardanelles: 'pursues Churchill the Air Ministry: 261, 291, 300, most unfairly', 126; Churchill sup­ 301- 2, 330-1, 345, 495, 4gB, 547-8, ported on, 153; evacuation of, and the 550, 553-5, 555-6, 595-7, 624, 626, Coal negotiations (of 1926), 843; and 732,944,954-5,994,1074,1124,1150, Churchill's de-rating plans (of 1928), 1209, 1388-9, 1400- 1, 1417, 1444, 1220; and Lord Fisher, 1392 1467 Defence Services (to be combined): the Arabs: 543, 549 672-4 Armageddon: 'quite beyond the De-rating (Churchill's plan to re­ compass of anybody, even including lieve industry of the burden of Rates) : you and me', 890 1005,1006-11,1015-16,1057,1061-2, Australasia: 2 I 5, 444 1I0g-12, II 25-42, II 47-50, II51-73, Australia: 394, 669-72, 919 II75-8, II81, 1186-96, 1202, 1215-16, Balmoral: 1349, 1351-2 1217-18, 1219-26, 1227-32, 1236-7, Belgium: 324, 332, 395,414 1240-2, 1243, 1244, 1247, 1250-3, the Betting Tax: 622, 630, 640,731- 1255-60, 1263, 1264-6, 1268, 1273, BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX

Churchill, Winston S. and-contd. 1255, 1278, 1290-1, 1301, 1312, 13 13, 1274-6, 1277, 1278, 1283-4, 1284-5, 13 18, 1329-30, 1357, 1373, 1385, 1288--9, 1290, 1292-3, 1295--8, 1307, 1434--9, 1450 1310-1 I, 1316, 1327--8, 1356, 1377, Gallipoli: and Churchill's de-rating 1378, 1386-7, 1412-13, 1458, 145g-60 plans of 1927, II55 Disarmament: 1335, 1337--9, 1348- the General Strike (of May 1926): 9, 1352, 1353-5, 1380-2, 1384, 1402-4, 691-722,726-7,728,735,739-40,835, 1408--g, 1417 n. I 881, 934, 1076, 1105, 1469 Education expenditure: 6 I 9-2 I, Germany: 265, 293, 338-41, 365, 1021, 1075, 1082 395-6,406,414-17,500-1,585,996-g, Egypt: 255, 256-7, 265-6, 275-7, 1014, 1337--9, 1348--9, 1451 296-7,317-21,351-2,390,653,724-5, the Gold Standard: 305, 329, 381-2, 939,940,955, 1038--9, 1096-7, 1175 388, 411- 12, 436, 437--8, 467--8, 472, Female Suffrage: 958-66, 1066, 479-80, 561 , 562, 565, 566, 567--8, 1080, 1244-5, 1247, 1376 570-1,685, 1016-17, 1128, 1267 Films: 1051-2, 1247 Hong Kong: 286, 305-6, 376, 451, Foreign Office expenditure: 635-6, 933, 937, 97 1 639-40, 653, I 175 House of Lords reform: 559, 572, France: 18,45, 54, 131-2, 135, 143, 576--87, 1023 27g--80, 286-7, 338-40, 358, 393-7, Housing: 264, 272-3, 418-19, 1389 406, 412-17, 430-2, 450 n. I, 503-4, India: 147, 23 1, 266, 339, 382, 532, 505-6, 507--8, 520-1, 923, 927--8, 940, 95 1, 968, 1042, 1054, 1430-2, 1016-17, 1335, 1337--9, 1348--9 1442, 1452, 1461 , 1469 Free Trade, Tariffs and Safeguard­ Intercepts: 252-5, 256, 380 ing: 14, 67, 69, 75, 77, 78--9,90,93-4, Iraq:45-6,47, 287--8,392,393,432, 104, 130, 13 1, 143 n. 3, 156, 170,203, 540,541,542-3,544-6,548,549,550- 209, 265, 288-90, 293, 31 I, 312, 314, 1,555,588,625-6,722-3,954-5,1105, 316, 325-7, 467, 472, 480- 2, 4go-3, II 17-19, 1214-15 495-6,500,533,563,567,593-5,658- Ireland: 16-17,22,75-6,152,173- 9, 669-72, 980, 1306, 1313-15, 13 16, 5, 183-4, 185, 186--8, 190, 192, 194-6, 1317,1318-19,1322,1326,1345,1378, 203,204,389,390,432,469,532,591- 1426, 1456, 1458 3, 603-17, 640, 643, 645-6, 661, 734, the French visits of: 12-16, 42-3, 956, 1029, 1346, 1390-1, 1399-1400, 56-60, 101, 105-7, 10g-IO, 143-4, 1406, 1409, 1415, 1417, 1423, 1428 333-40, 346-7, 917-2 9 Italy: 292, 369, 636, 637, 640, 675- his Friendships: 3-4, 39-40, 61, 64- 6,722,878,907-8,908-9,916-17,928, 5, 73, 74--9, 83, 84-5, 91, 102, 115-16, 1057, 1099 121, 126-7, 128, 130-1, 133, 140, 167, Japan: 303, 305-7, 321, 361-5, 367, 171, 199-200,205,206,207,213,217, 372, 380, 383-5, 386-7, 391- 2, 442-4, 220-1, 224, 226, 230-3, 238--9, 240-1, 451,454,459-60,901,917,920,933-4, 244,251,258,313 n. 1,317,331,345, 991, 1030, 1034, 1035-6, 1045, 1069- 358,370,371,442,455-6,470-2,474- 70, 1077, 1088, 1089-94, 1099-1100, 5,478,486,487,519,527,565,567-71, 1102-3, II06-g, II 14-16, II20, 1122, 573-4, 588--g, 61 9, 629-30, 745, 894, 1174,1281-2,1282, 1384 895,904-6,913-14,930,970,987,988, theJews: 1334 990, 1004, 1013, 1028, 1041-2, 1097, the Labour Party: 87-90, 92-4, 1112-13, 1203-4, 1208, 1210-11, 97--8, 104, 145, 146-7, 169 n. 3, 476--8, 1213-14, 1219-21, 1234-5, 1248--9, 488,525-6, 739-40, 1043, 1432, 1473 BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX

the League of Nations: 60, 131-2, Reparations and 'War Debts: 54, 72, 200-1, 234, 286-7, 358, 361 , 390- 2, 205, 259-60, 279-80, 280-2, 282-5, 393-7, 543, 545-6, 625, 955, 1°48-9, 292-3, 299, 302-3, 3°8-9, 323-5, 329, 1096, 1 II 7-19, 1410, 1423, 1451 33 1-5, 337, 338, 341, 342-3, 369-70, his Literary Articles: 10,58,61,106, 376-8, 389, 458, 467-8, 469, 503-8, 140,141,148,159-60,168,171-2,178, 520-1, 532-3, 534, 536-8, 538-9, 553, 181-2, 193,217,296,433, 1254, 1301 , 61 9, 637-8, 680-1, 684, 685, 847-8, 1321, 1326 923, 928, 989-g0, 101 7, 101 9, 1309, Marlborough: His Life and Times: I 338-g, 1342, 1357-65, 1366-9, 1371, Churchill's proposed biography of: 1405, 1450, 1465-7 180, 290, 1294, 1378, 1448 the Road Fund: 575--6, 597-9, 647- the Ministry of Health (estimates): 8,651,653,654-5,686,977,981,1070 1086-7 Roman History (and essay writing) : Music and Mathematics: 684 61 7-18 the Navy Estimates: 266-7, 278-9, Singapore: 300, 306, 314, 330, 343, 286 n. I, 303, 307-8, 341-4, 349-51, 361,365,372,446,451-2,453-4,518, 355-60, 370,372,373-6,378-g, 383-8, 549, 555, 830, 918, 1184-5 390,397-400,401,420,424 n. 2, 428- Socialism: 48-g, 64-5, 70-2,89-90, 9,434,437,446 n. 1,453-4,460,488- 93-4,94-7,98,104, II8, II9, 122, 128, 9, 503, 508-10, 514-17, 518, 641- 2, 133 n. 2, 137, 138-g, 141-2, 154, 160, 830, 878, 897-902, 918, 935-7, 943-4, 17 1, 202, 2II, 216, 238-g, 296, 305, 946, 1028, 1037-8, 1044-6, 1063, 1067, 308, 579, 621, 635, 686, 861, 864-7, 1069, 1072, 1074-8, 1082, 1088-90, 879-82, 1001-2, II29, 1208, 1331-2, 1093, 1096-8, 1099, II06, 1107, II08, 1345-6, 1377, 1412 1114-17,1122-3, II50, 1174, II82-5, the Soviet Union: I 76, 183-4, 184 II98-1220, 1209, 121 1,1400,1413-14, n. I, 189, 190-1, 196, 199,203-4,205, 1423-4 206-8, 209, 213-16, 216, 225, 244-6, New Zealand: 394, 671-2; 968 256, 260, 339, 362, 448, 496-7, 544, Nigeria: 287, 392 621,661-2,732,880,882,893,949-51, Painting: 21, 425, 1048, 1052-3, 957 n. 3, 992, 999, 1001-2, 1006, 1014, 1053, 1054, 1055, 1067, 1078-9 101 9, 1104-5, II05, 1203-4, 1334, Palestine: 275, 287-8, 392, 432, 939, 1382, 1392-3, 1405, 1411 , 1415-16, 940,995, 121 4-15, 1304 1447, 1450 Pensions and State-aided Insurance: the Sudan: 257, 35 1- 2, 392-3, 939, 248-9, 261-3, 264, 271-3, 278, 309, 955 314, 322-3, 381 , 401-5, 407-g, 421 -3, Taxation: 15, 70-2, 249-50, 262, 438-42,454-5,456,457,458-9,460-2, 263-4, 268-71, 297-8, 298, 300- 1, 464-6, 468, 472-3, 476, 482, 483-4, 304-5,310,311,316,322,357,400-1, 489,493-4,546-7,558-9,566,590-1, 421,448-9,463-4,466-7,482-3,484- 624, 633, 648-50, 657-8, 660-1, 977, 5, 486, 53 1- 2, 622, 626-g, 63 1, 634, 979, 989, 1128, 1389 663-6,677 n. I, 678-g, 680, 683, 856- Persia: 285, 1014, II75, 1214-15 7,85g-QI,915-16,924-7,966-8,971- the personal finances of: 9, 12, 13, 3, 975-7, 979-83, 996-g' 1017-18, 15-16, 25, 27-9, 55, 58, 59, 109, 179, 1020-1, 1026-7, 1037, 1043, 1079-80, 312-13,741, 1°71 lII9-20, 1203, 1269, 1283-4, 1291-2, Poland: 287, 348, 415, 500-1 1307, 1320, 145g-Qo, 1463-4, 1469 Portugal: 847-8 the 'Ten Year Rule': II83, 1302, Premium Bonds: I 178-8 I 1388-g BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX

Churchill, Winston S. and-contd. Collard, Rear-Admiral B. St G.: 1234 Trade Union Legislation: 409-I I, n. 2, 1254 857-9, 881, 8gl, 892, gIl, g12, 1006, Collins, Michael: 174, 195, 777, 1406 1023 Colvin, Brigadier-General (Sir) R. B.: Turkey: 288, 540, 541, 544-6, 626, 200, 202, 107 I, 1072 722-3, 955, 101 4, 1105, 1117, 1447 Colwyn, Lord: 549, 654, 686, 861, 924, the United States: 71, 107, 280-2, II 84 282-4,284-5, 2g2, 2gg, 302,306,323, Conan Doyle, Sir Arthur: 82-3, 938 n. I 329,332,333, 337, 338,341, 361 , 369- Congreve, Lieutenant-General Sir \\T. N.: 70, 376-8, 383, 386-7, 39 1-2, 393-7, 878,910 425, 503-8, 520-1, 533, 536, 539, 585, Conway, Sir Martin: II9 n. I, 129, 136, 602,656, 741-2,900,901,923,933-4, 138, 164, 21 I 996, 1030, 1030-5, 1036, 1045, 1070, Cook, A. J.: 516 n. I, 523-4; and the 1077, IOg4, 1099, 1102-3, 1106-g, Coal negotiations of 1926, 747, 748, II 14-16, II 19-20, II 20, 1122, I 174, 749-50, 753, 754, 755, 757, 758, 759, 1281, 1324, 1337, 1348-9, 1352, 1353- 764,769,777, 778-g, 801, 814, 816-17, 5, 1370, 1378, 1380-2, 1384, 1402-4, 818, 819, 824-6, 834, 836, 839, 842, 1406-7, 1408-9, 1421 -2 843, 846-7, 848, 853, 855, 864, 867 the War Office: 344-5, 550, 624, n. I, 868-7 I; and Moscow, 880 n. I, 939-43, 944-g, 995, 1024-6, 1074, 893; and China, 934 1080,1124, 1242, 1334, 1337, I388-g Cooke, Albert G.: 99-100 Wireless and broadcasting: 1054, Coolidge, President Calvin: 329, 372, 1202, 1288, 1453-4, 1468 1051, 1370, 1376, 1378, 1380, 1403 The World Crisis: preparation and Cooper, Alfred Duff (later Viscount publication of successive volumes of, Norwich): 126-7,251, 1289 4-5,5-6,6-7,10, II, 12, 16, 19,21,22, Cooper, Lady Diana Duff: 449 23, 25-6,29,30-9,42-5,46,49-50,53, Coote, William: 194-6 58-9, 61, 62, 66,86, 101, I 48-9, 178, Corbett, Sir Julian: 31,33,37 236-7, 502-3, 562, 741, 743-4, 746, Cornwallis-West, George: 478 777, 884-5, 886-7, 887-g0, 896, 907- Cosgrave, W. T.: 174-5; negotiates with 8,953,956,1071, 1123,1218-19,1254, Churchill, 603-17; and the Irish 1321-2, 1323, 1326, 1333, 1383, 1393- Treaty negotiations of 1922, 1400, 6, 1397, 1399-1400, 1404, 1405-7, 1406 1409-II, 1414-16, 1417, 1418, 1421, Counter: his crime discussed by the 1423, 1434-9, 1446-50, 1453, 1455-6, Cabinet, 681-2 1462 Courtauld, Samuel: 485 Citrine, (Sir) Walter (later Baron): 522, Courthope, Sir G. L. (later Baron): 1256 721 Cowie, Mrs: 8 Clarendon, Earl of: 1014, 1449 Cradock, Sir Christopher: 38 Clemenceau, Georges: 143, 13°9, 1447 Craig, Sir James (later Lord Craigavon): Clementel, Etienne: and War Debts, 302, 8,174,177,188,190,195,198; and the 308-g, 332, 333-4, 335, 340 - 1, 342-3, Irish negotiations of December 1925, 370-1,376-8,455-6,50 4 605-6,607-8,61 1,613,614,615,616- Clough, Arthur Hugh: 172 17; and the negotiations of 1926, 640, Clynes, J. R.: 44, g6, 525, 1374 n. I, 643, 645-6; and the Irish Treaty 1440 negotiations (of 1921-2), 1399-14°0, Codling, (Sir) W. R.: 696, 6g8-g 1406 Cohen, Sir Robert Waley: 54, 68, I 177 Craigie, (Sir) R. L.: 1380, 1382 BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX

Crewe, Marquess of: 101,923,928,930 Dalkeith, Mary Marchioness of (later Crewe, Marchioness of (Lady Margaret Duchess of Buccleuch): 5 I 9 n. I Primrose): 337 Daniel, Commander Henry: 1234 n. 2, 'Cromerism': in Egypt, 318 1235, 1245, 1254 Crowe, Sir Eyre: 348, 430-2, 459 Darling, 1st Baron: 102, 230 Crozier, W. P.: interviews Churchill, Davidson, J. C. C. (later Viscount): 1426-7 'Winston .•. will do all right', 235; at Culverwell, C. T.: 103 n. I the Admiralty, 399, 570; and the Cunard, Lady Maud: 24 General Strike, 691 n. 1,692,693,695, Cunliffe-Lister, Sir Philip: 265, 288, 293; 696, 699, 700, 708--g, 716; and the Churchill explains 'Safeguarding' Coal negotiations of 1926, 763 n. I, plans to, 325-7, 593-4, 595; and the 766-7, 773,809,810,819-20; and the coal crisis (of 1925-6), 521 n. I, 528, Betting Tax, 957; and Churchill's 529-30, 676 n. I ; and the coal third budget, 987; and the cruiser pro­ negotiations (of 1926), 725-6, 730, gramme crisis, 1037-8; and Boothby, 733, 740 n. I, 747, 760, 780-1, 807-8, 1083-4, 1097, 1113; and Churchill 814, 821, 840, 848--9, 872 n. I; and 'full of vitality' as the General Election Churchill's plans for de-rating, 1125, approaches, 1387; and Churchill 'not 1139, 1155, 1194 n. I, 1195, 1220, trusted in the Party', 1441; and the I243,I25I,I252-3,1255-7,I263;and coming election, 1453-4 economic diagnosis, 1308; at Chart­ Davidson, Major-General Sir J. H.: 672 well, 629 n. 2; war service of, 947 n. I; Davidson, Randall (later Baron): 641, unwell, 1332; mentioned, 433 n. I, 71 7-18 ' 944 n. I, 1056, 1409 n. I, 1434 n. I, Davies, David (later Baron): 846-7, 1440, 1455, 1471 849 Curtis, Lionel: and Churchill's Irish Dawes, Charles G.: 260 n. I; his repara­ policy, 186-8, 1399-1400; and Chur­ tions annuities, 332, 334, 340-1, 377-8, chill's return to the House of Com­ 504, 520-1, 537, 847, 1358, 1359, mons, 230; and The Aftermath, 1399- 1364; disillusioned, 1044 n. I 1400, 1434 n. 1 Dawson, GeoffreY: 21, 25, 542-3, 721-2, Curtis Brown, Adam: 10, 159, 1123,1301 887-8 Curzon, Marquess: 'the All-Highest', 26; Dawson of Penn, Baron: 1378 and the Protection crisis of February De Fleuriau, AimeJ.: 503-8, 520-1 1924, 143 n. 3; and War Debts, 282, De Monzie, Anatole: 455 n. I 292, 340, 341, 377; and Japan, 363, Derby, 17th Earl of: 24, 125, 135, 143-4, 384; 'dislikes Winston', 379; and 157-8, 220, 289, 31 I, 314; and the Foreign Affairs, 393-7; and Naval taxation of motor cars, 647-8, 651; policy, 437, 518; dying, 425, 437 n. I; Beaverbrook reports to, on Churchill, dies, 449; Baldwin's reference to, 53 I ; 835-6; his conduct in 1917 criticized, his 'chagrin' at not being Prime 889; and Churchill's fourth budget, Minister, 1352 1274; and a Tariff 'vendetta' against Curzon, Lady (Grace Hinds): 449 Churchill, 1315 n. I, 1319; and the Cushendun, Lord (formerly Ronald Mc­ Betting Tax, 1432 Neill): 1329, 1330, 1332, 1380, 1389 De Robeck, Vice-Admiral: 38, 1447 n. I, 1434 n. I Desborough, Lord and Lady: 850, 1063- 4, 1083, 1248 n. 3, 1298 n. I, 1402, D'Abernon, Baron (later Viscount): 317, 1434 n. I 331, 622, 966-8 De Valera, Eamon: 187, 1346, 1415 BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX

Devonshire, 9th Duke of: 45-6, 47 Eliot, Sir C. N. E.: 459 Dewar, Commander (later Vice­ Elizabeth I: and the Tea Duty, 1460, Admiral) K. G. B.: 830, 993, 1234-5, 1464 1245, 1248, 1250, 1254 Elizabeth, Princess (later Queen Eliza- D'Ewes Coke, Brigadier-General E. S.: beth II): 1349 98 Elliot, Walter: 1303, 1333 D'Eyncourt, Sir E. T.: 4-5 Erskine, (Sir) J. M. M.: 132, 158--9 Dieckhoff, Hans Heinrich: 1368 Evans, Mr: and 'talking pictures', 1051 Disraeli, Benjamin: 47, 224, 424, 1082, Evans, Lewis: 53 1269; quoted, 856-7 Eyres-Monsell, B. E. (later Viscount Dixon, A. L.: 748 n. 1,749 Monsell): 139, 715, 1178, 1332, 1434 Dogadov: and the Coal strike, 880 n. I n. I, 1440 Donald, Sir Robert: 648 Douglas, Lord Alfred: 51-3, 63, 65, Fabius Maximus Cunctator: quoted, 80-1,82-5 566-7; 'quite wrong in the end', 618 Douglas Pennant, Mrs: 'disgruntled', Falls, Cyril: 277 n. I 1070 Farouk, Prince (later King): 318 Douglas Stuart Ltd: a successful book­ Feetham,Justice: 615 n. 2, 616 maker, 1022 Feiling, (Sir) Keith: 1418 Doumer, Paul: 565 n. 1,619 n. 1,637-8, Feisal, Emir: 46; Churchill's discussion 668 with,III7-19 Doumergue, Gaston: 337; Churchill's Field, Admiral (later Admiral of the conversation with, 338-40 Fleet) Sir F. L.: 1075-6, 1077, 1078, Drummond, Sir Eric (later 16th Earl of 1091, 1093, 1120 Perth): 57 Fellowes, Daisy: 337 Duckham, Sir Arthur: and Churchill's Fergusson, (Sir) J. D. B.: 597-8,748 n. I, de-rating plans, II25, II49-50, II62- 764,769,771, 1157-8, 1312, 1334 n. 2, 3, II69, I 176 1335 Dudley ''Yard, Freda: 970, 1065, 1067, Filson Young, Alexander: 34, 38 1068--9, 1205 Finlay, Viscount: 1249 Duff, Lady Juliet: 1323 n. I Fisher, H. A. L.: 78--9, 596 n. 2, 1248 Duff, (Sir) Patrick: 810, 836, 1473 n·3 Dufferin and Ava, 3rd Marquess of: Fisher,. Admiral of the Fleet Lord: 4,32, 75-6 38 n. 2, 46 n. 3, 80, 900, 1103, 1392 Duncan, Sir Andrew: 733 Fisher,J. R.: 615 n. 2 Duncan, Major-General (Sir) John: Fisher, Miss Lettice: 189,647,909, 1205, 937-8 1321 , 1349 Dunstan, A. E.: 678 Fisher, Sir Warren: 246-7, 259, 261-3, 353-5, 372, 457-8, 526, 527, 574-5; Ebury, Florence Lady: dies, 1073 Churchill's rebuke to, 600-3; and Edge, Sir William: 1003 Churchill's budget plans, 624; and an Edinger, George: 1341 offence inside the Treasury, 681-2; Edmonds, Brigadier-General Sir James: Churchill's further rebuke to, 68g--g0; 1301, 1434 n. I and the 1926 Honours List, 736-7; and Edmunds, Dr P.J.: 149 the National Debt, 976-7; and the Edward, Prince of Wales (later King post-budget situation (September Edward VIII): 24,43-4,984, 1065-6, 1927), 1050; and the death of Lady 1068, 1205 Ebury, 1073; and War Office expendi- BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX

ture, 1080; and Churchill's request for (in 1927), 97g-83; and in 1928, 1267- factual information, 1087-8; and 70, 1271; 'well, but ageing', 1349; 'vy Churchill's de-rating plans, 1140-2, kind to me', 1352; and Churchill's Il47-8, Il51, Il55, 1165, Il82 n. I, fifth budget, I 45g-60, 1461-2; men­ 1255; and German disarmament, tioned, 425 n. 3 1337-9; and naval disarmament, George, Prince: 1445-6 1384; receives The Aftermath, 1439 Gibb, Andrew Dewar: 64-5, 233-4 Fitzroy, Sir Almeric: 199-200 Gibbs, Colonel G. A. (later Baron Fleming, Canonj. R.: 1376 Wraxall): 102 Floud, Sir Francis: and Churchill's de­ Gibson, Hugh: 1038 n. I rating scheme, 1018, 1075, 1182 n. I, Gibson, Milner: 1I42 1283; his opinion of Churchill, 1470 Gibson, Dr W.: 540 n. 5 Foch, Ferdinand: 777, 888 Gilbert, Parker: 1I61 n. I, 1338, I358-g, Fosdick, Raymond B.: 193 n. 2 1361 -3, 1371 Fowler: 53 Gilmour, Sir j.: 208, 273, 912, 947 n. I, Fox-Davies, A. C.: 20 n. 6 1194 n. I, 1220, 1243, 1247, 1292, Franklin, Captain C. S. P.: 904 1296, 1434 n. I Fraser, Duncan Cumming: 263-4,461 Gillman, Lieutenant-General Sir Webb: Fraser, Sir Hugh: 20 II84 Fraser, Lovat: 534-5 Gillmore, Captain: 165 Fraser, Sir Malcolm: 708, 713, 718 Gladstone, W. E.: 134 n. 2, 237 n. 3, 586 Frederick the Great: 339 n. I, 746, 1139 n. I, 1269 Freeman, Sidney: 1022 n. I Goschen, Sir Harry: 172-3, 174-5, 176, French, Sir john (EarlofYpres): 22 n. I, 183-4, 197, 534, 1072, 1081, 1085, 33,34,442 1471 Fry, (Sir) Geoffrey: 76g Gower, (Sir) Patrick: 30, 763 n. I, 773 Fuller,j. F. C.: 1303 Gowers, (Sir) Ernest: 730, 748, 749 n. 2, Furber (ladies' maid): 1056 760, 764, 769-71, 775, 776, 781 n. I, Furneaux, Viscount (later 2nd Earl of 807-8, 81I, 817, 818, 819, 821, 829, Birkenhead): 1401 n. I 836, 838-g, 840, 849, 867 n. I, 872 n. I; and Churchill's de-rating scheme, Gainford, Baron: 779, 1060, 1061 1018, 1I82 n. I, 1263; and Churchill's Garvin,j. L.: 20, 23, 26, 62, 126,623 fourth budget, 1298 Gatti, (Sir) j. M.: 1285 Graham, Sir Ronald: 675 n. 1,916-17 Geddes, Sir Eric: 596 Graham, Lady (Sybil Brodriok): 675, George V, King: 35, 87, 89; Baldwin go8 reports to, on Churchill's Parlia­ Graham, William: supports Churchill, mentary speeches, 299, 310-1 I, 458, 1027 472-3, 476-8, 47g-80, 480-2, 484-5, Grant, Sir Alexander: 198 n. 2 487-8,499,525-6,661-2,686-7,688- Granville, 3rd Earl: 138 9, 701 , 717-18, 723-4, 735, 739-40, Greene, Sir Graham: 79, 82 741-2, 893, 984-6, 1026-7, 1272-3, Greene, Sir Raymond: 185-6 1463-4; Churchill reports on his Grenfell, David: on Churchill's 'laugh budget proposals to (in 1925), 463-8; and gusto', 988 gives Churchill a report on Lord Bir­ Grenfell, I vo: dies as a result of a motor kenhead, 652; receivesjoynson-Hicks' accident, 850 Parliamentary report, 762-3; Chur­ Grenfell,julian: 885 chill reports on his budget proposals to Gretton, john (later Baron): 1036-7 BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX

Grey of Fallodon, Viscount (formerly Sir Guthrie, Reginald: 778-9 Edward Grey): 18 n. I, 20,93,96, II3, Gwynne, H. A.: 116-17, 713, 834-5, 199, 346-7, 715-16, 1290; 'dogged by 1004, 1014 ill fortune', 1383; receives The After­ math, 1446 Hacking, (Sir) Douglas (later Baron): Gribbons, Mrs: 1071 1057 Griffith, Arthur: 777 Haggard, Sir Henry Rider: 2 I I - 12 Grigg, Sir Edward: 23, 113, 156, 167, Haig, Sir Douglas (later Earl): 32 n. I, 542-3,552 33, 38, 777, 830, 884, 885, 889, 890, Grigg, John: 552 n. I 896,921 n. 1,956; dies, 1200 Grigg, (Sir) Percy James: at the Treas­ Hailsham, Viscount (for earlier inde>.· ury, 313, 314, 336 n. 1,418 n. 1,437-8, entries see Hogg, Sir Douglas): at 459-60, 553, 603 n. I, 608 n. I, 612 Chartwell, 1161 n. I, 1333; and the n. 1,636,644,656,685,712, 713, 734, Conservative succession crisis, 1239, 836, 846, 85g-6I, 872 n. I, 901 n. I, 1327; in charge ofGovernment business, 914, 918-19, 920, 944 n. I, 966, 1060, 1323, 1326; and The Aftermath, 1435 1069-70, 1203, 1283, 1303-4, 1305; Haldane, J. B. S.: 148 n. I and Churchill's Jesuitry', 1121 n. I; Haldane, Viscount: 20, 23, 24, 78, 344, cautions Churchill about his de-rating 502,644 memorandum, lI37; circulates de­ Haliburton, Sir Arthur (later Baron): rating papers, 1149; at Chartwell, 1024 1161 n. I; and a caution about taxa­ Halifax, 2nd Viscount: 153 tion, I 178; his friendship with Chur­ Hambling, Sir Herbert: 1181, 1276 chill, 1219-21; in discussion with Hamilton, Sir George: 121 I n. I, 1212 Randolph Churchill, 1254; Churchill's Hamilton, Lord George: 130, 345, 988, notes to, 1306-7, 1342 n. 3; at Chart­ 990 well, 1409 n. I; and Wool, 1412; and Hamilton, Sir Horace: and Churchill's The World Crisis, 1414-15, 1415-16 Chancellorship of the Exchequer, 249- Grimond, Jo: 88 n. I 50, 259, 316, 500, 502, 622, 630-1, Groener, General Wilhelm: 1422 654-5, 656, 663, 664-6, 678-9, 683, Grosvenor, Lady Mary: 1286 n. I 685, 915-16; and the evolution of Guest, F. E.: Churchill dines with, 22; Churchill's de-rating scheme, 1017-19, Churchill lunches with, 24; men­ 1125, 1139, 1158, 1162, 1225-6, 1253, tioned, 40; urges Churchill's return to 1255, 1257; and Churchill's fourth London, 106; and the 'anti-Socialist budget, 1283, 1291 Liberals', 138-9, 156, 165-6, 167, 178; Hamilton, Sir Ian: 33, 224, 1434 n. I on Churchill's first budget, 459; and Hankey, Sir Maurice (later Baron): 32, Churchill's negotiations with France, 37,42, 286, 451 n. 1,680, 1038, 1186, 532-3; and Beaverbrook's memoirs, 1215, 1249, 1250, 1335, 1402, 1403, 560,569; and the General Strike, 703; 1405, 1409; 1415, 1436; and the Coal and the Coal negotiations, 877; and negotiations of 1926, 767, 772 Churchill's fourth budget, 1278; Hannibal: possibly over-cautious, 6 I 8 Churchill seeks a peerage for, 1474, Hannon, (Sir) Patrick: 1314 1475 n. I Harington, General Sir 'Tim': 1434 n. I Guinness, Walter (later Baron Moyne): Harmsworth, Esmond (later 2nd Vis- 192,261-3,336 n. 1,400 n. 1,499,634, count Rothermere): 118, 221, 234, 655,667,944 n. 1,947 n. I, 101 I, 1194 534-5, 698, 699-700, 718, 1245 n. I, n. I, 1195, 1263, 1379 1284, 1287, 1377, 1387-8 BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX 1493

Harper, Rear-Admiral (later Vice- negotiations, 82 I; thanks Churchill, Admiral)J. E. T.: 993 1004; and Churchill's de-rating plans, Harris, Frank: 29 I 1242, 1263; and The Aftermath, 1434- Harris,J. H.: 186 n. I 5; 'safe' at the Foreign Office, 1445 Hartigan, Dr Thomas: 1277 Hodges, Horace: his acting period, 425 Hartington, Lord: 151, 192, 218, 219 Hodges, Sir Michael: 904 Hastings, Commander E. G. G.: 910 Hogg, Sir Douglas (later Viscount Hail­ Hastings, (Sir) Patrick: 213 sham): 51-2, 63, 486, 521 n. I, 691 Hawkey, (Sir) A.J.: 197,202,212,617, n. I, 726-7, 947 n. I, 1050, 1096 n. I, 709,8n)-82, 1070-1, 1081, 1085, 1324 1304; and the cruiser programme Hawkins, Alfred: 1004 n. 2 crisis of 1927, IIOI-3; for later index Hawtrey, (Sir) R. G.: 330 entries see Hailsham, Viscount Hayashi, Gonsuke: 253 Hogg, Lady (Elizabeth Brown): dies, Headlam-Morley, Sir James: 1161 n. I, 486 1397, 1399, 1404, 1410, 1412, 1421 , Hogg, Quentin (later Viscount, subse- 1434 n. I quently Baron): 1440-1, 1471 Hearst, William Randolph: 1326 Hoover, Herbert: 1324, 1370, 1380 Heath, Sir Thomas: 601 n. I Hopkins, Sir R. V. N.: and Churchill's Hemming, A. F.: 608 n. I taxation queries, 268-71, 298, 300-1, Henderson, Arthur: 109,961 n. 2 311,400-1,421,460, 626-g, 630-1, 667, Henderson, (Sir) Nevile: 276, 277 n. I 926-7, 976-7; and the Coal Subsidy, Henry VIII: at Chartwell, 746 574-5; and the 1926 Budget, 685-6; Herbert, (Sir) Sidney: 1312 and Churchill's literary earnings, 741; Hermiston, Lord: quoted, 854 and the National Debt, 976-7, 1074-5, Herriot, Edouard: 336-7, 340-1, 431, 107g-80; and Churchill's de-rating 999 n. I proposals, 1015, 1017-19, 1057, 1I0g- Hewart, Baron (later Viscount): 81 12, 1125, II40-2, II57, 1161-7, 1162 Hewins, W. A. S.: 563 n. I, II 76-8, II82 n. I, 1216, 1255, Hicks, Ernest George: 1336 1257; and the problem of excess of zeal Hill (the head gardener): at Chartwell, in tax-collecting, 1026-1; and War 1054 Office expenditure, 1024-6, 1080; and Hills, J. 'Y.: I II, II8 Admiralty expenditure, 1150; and Hilton Young, (Sir) Edward (later Baron Premium Bonds, I 178-8 I; and the Kennet): 25, 528, 529 n. I Mosul to Haifa oil pipeline, 1214-15; Hinchliffe, Captain: 1305 n. I the 'superman', 1255; and Churchill's Hindenburg, Field Marshal von: 885 fourth budget, 1283-4; and prepara­ Hindlip, 3rd Baron: 225 tions for Churchill's fifth budget, Hitler, Adolf: 18 n. I, 1287 n. I 1291-2, 1310-1 I; and an evening Hoare, Sir Samuel (later Viscount crisis, 1316-17 Templewood): 154, 165-7, 192, 229; Hopkinson, Austin: 118,485,729,853 becomes Secretary of State for Air, Hore-Belisha, Leslie (later Baron): 1421 300, 301-2; and Foreign Affairs, 417 Hornby, W. M.: 109, 114 n. 1,430; and the Air Estimates, 547- Horne, David: 1425 n. 2 8, 550, 553-6,596-7, 732, 899, 1209, Horne, General Sir Henry: 885 1400-1, 1467; at Chartwell, 629 n. 2, Horne, Sir Robert (later Viscount): 48, 634, 638, 655; reports on Churchill's 62, II 7, 122, 185, 186, 187, 204, 908 second budget, 689; and the General n. 2, 1374; Churchill reports on the Strike, 692 n. 1,702,708; and the Coal political situation to (October 1924), 1494 BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX

Horne, Sir Robert-contd. Inskip, Sir Thomas (later Viscount 206-8, 209-10; does not become Caldecote): 712, 1239, 1304 Chancellor of the Exchequer, 235, Irwin, Lord (formerly Edward Wood, 244; and Russia, 245; sits 'mum', 424; later Viscount Halifax): receives re­ opposes Churchill's first budget, 482; ports from friends in London, 68g, visits Egypt, 633-4; his budget of 1922, 712, 716 n. I, 732, 743, 744-5, 745, 1043; and Churchill's fourth budget, 761, 849-50, 871-2, 883, 988 n. I, 1274 1005-6, 1045-6, 1046-7, 1050, 1054, Horner, Lady Frances: 23, 1450, 1456 1060, 1154-5, 1242, 1316, 1322, 1327- Houghton, A. B.: 996, 1044 n. I g, 1387, 1465, 1470; comments on the House, Colonel E. M.: 193 book Mother India, 1042 n. I; com­ Houston, Sir Robert: 1050 n. 2 ments on Churchill's de-rating plan, Houston, Lady: 1050 1288-g; writes to Churchill, 1429-30; Howard, Sir Esme: 50 n. 2 his view of Churchill as a possible Hozier, Lady Blanche: 10,201,445,450, Secretary of State for India, 1452; and 927, 1048 n. I The Aftermath, 1462; reflects on Hozier, Nellie: 445 Churchill's character, 1462-3 Hozier, William Ogilvy: 445, 927 Ismail Sidki Pasha: 352 Huddleston, Brigadier-General (Sir) Iveagh, 1st Earl of: 1064 H.J.: 392 I veagh, Lady: 1098 Humphreys, Travers: 214 Humphrys, Sir Francis: 1429 .I aafar Pasha: 1119 n. I Hunter, Colonel C. F.: 928, 1286 Janin, General P. T. C. M.: 1394-6 Hunter-Weston, Lieutenant-General Sir Jackson, Colonel (Sir) F. S.: 1I3, 120, Aylmer: and luxury roads, 575-6 137, 138, 140, 143 n. 3, 145, 152, 155, Huntingdon-Whiteley, Pamela: 913 165-6, 168, 175-6, 177, 183, Ig7, 205, Hurst, (Sir) Alfred: 597-8,624,632,663, 218,219-20,223,410,472,564 678-g, 685, 919, 989; and Churchill's Jackson, Admiral Sir Henry: 38, 79 de-rating plans, 1005, 1015, 1057, Jackson, Vice-Admiral Thomas: 10,22 1074, 1109-12, 1111, 1112, 1157, Jacob, Field-Marshal Sir Claud: 952 II61 n. I, 1162-5, II76, 1216, 1225-6, .I ellicoe, Admiral of the Fleet Lord: 4, 32, 1253, 1261, 1262, 1284, 1327; and 182, 503, 885, 1072, 1073-4 Churchill's fourth budget, 1298; and Jeremiah: Sir Warren Fisher in the role preparations for Churchill's fifth bud­ of, 1147 get, 1310; and motor car insurance, Joel, Sir Solly: 436 1204 Jones, F. E.: 163 n. I Hurst, C. S.: 540 n. 5, 781 n. 1,816,836, Jones, Thomas: 126, 258-9; Churchill 845-7,867 n. 1,872 n. I confides in, 273; and Churchill's views Huxley, Gervas: 1030 n. I on education, 502; and the Coal crisis Hyde, Sir Charles: 699-700 (of 1925),522; and Ireland, 608 n. I, 613,614; and the General Strike, 702, Ibn Saud: 1118 711-12,713,715,721-2; and the Coal Iliffe, Sir Edward (later Baron): 1185 negotiations (of 1926), 745-6, 758, n. I 759, 760, 763-4, 766-7, 768-71, 774, Inchcape, Baron (later Earl): 75, 200, 775, 776-8, 781 n. I, 807-9, 812, 814, 429; the disappearance ofhis daughter, 818,821-2,826,836, 837-g, 840,845- 130 5 7, 848-g; describes a visit to Chart­ lnge, Dean W. R.: 1375-6 well, 745-7; a second Chartwell visit BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX 149.5

described, 776-8; and Trade Union King-Hall, (Sir) Stephen (later Baron): legislation proposed by Churchill, 89 I ; 442,443 and Churchill's third budget, 987; and Kitchener, Field-Marshal Earl: 32,38, civil unrest, 1105; and Churchill's de­ 46 n. 3, 51 n. 2,885, 1060 rating plans, 1209; and the coming Knollys, Viscount: 128-9 General Election (of 1929), 1356; and Knollys, E. G. W. T. (later 2nd Vis- Churchill's remarks on Britain's re­ count): 128 lations with France, 1358 n. I; and Knox, Sir Alfred: 1395, 1396 The World Crisis, 1423, 1438; and Knutsford, Lord: 716 Churchill's political future, 1430-1, Kolchak, Admiral: 1395, 1396 1440-1, 1461; and the Conservative Krassin, Leonid: his mission, 245 defeat (in 1929), 1473 Kruger, Paul: 1334 Joynson-Hicks, Sir William (later Vis­ Kiihlmann, Richard von: 1451 count Brentford): Home Secretary in Baldwin's second administration, 265- Laidoner, General: 544 n. I 6,557 n. 1,559 n. I; and Ireland, 591 Lamb, the: in dispute with the Wolf, 573, n. I, 592, 615 n. I; and the General 589 Strike, 692 n. I, 709, 716 n. I, 748 Lambton, George: 731-2 n. I; and the Coal negotiations of Lambert, George (later Baron): 75, 236, 1926,760,762-3; and the extension of 1392 Female Suffrage, 962, 963-5; and the Lampson, (Sir) Miles (later Baron Kil­ 1927 cruiser programme crisis, 1038; learn): 503, 505, 1391 and Egypt, 1096 n. I; and the pos­ Lander, Dr C. H. H.: 540 n. 5 sibility of civil unrest, II05; and the Lane, James F.: 1336, 1347-8, 1350-1, taxation of greyhound racing, II42-6; 1357 and Dr Voronoff, 1206 n. I; and Lane-Fox, George (later Baron Bingley): Tariffs, 1317, 1318-19, 1322, 1333; and the coal crisis (of 1925-6), 521 and the Tea Duty, 1457 n. I, 522, 676 n. I; and the coal nego­ Jupiter: 'irate', 1012, 1254 tiations (of 1926), 729 n. I, 730, 734, 743, 747, 748 n. I, 749, 760, 761, 764, Kellaway, Sir Frederick: 84-5 769-71, 778, 781 n. I, 7gB, 807, 810, Kellogg,Frank: 106, III, 1044n. I, 1389 814,815,816,818,821,824,836,838- Kenworthy, Commander J. M. (later 9,848-9,867 n. 1,871-2,883; reports lOth Baron Strabolgi): his 'startling' on Churchill's character and ambi­ book, 1040-I tions, 745, 988 n. I; and Tariffs, 1316 Kenyon-Slaney, Major P. P.: 223-4 Lang, Cosmo Gordon (later Baron): Keppel, Alice: 1065, 1068, 1244 n. I, 1462 1261 Lansbury: George: 30 n. 2, 739,961 n. 2 Kerensky, Alexander: 135 n. I, 933, Lansdowne, 5th Marquess of: 39, 728 1415-16 n. I Keyes, Sir Roger (later Baron): 55, 178, Lavery, Sir John: 8, 21, 987 179, 182-3,202,258,424 n. 2,442-4, Lavery, Lady Hazel: 8, 21, 987 625-6,830-1,878,886-7,392,895-6, Law, Andrew Bonar: 19 n. 2, 30-6, 37-9, 903-4, 910-II, 913-14, II74, 1233-4, 41, 42, 58, 164, 282, 377, 510, 545, 1245, 1303 560 n. 2, 561, 568, 570, 573; 'no Keyes, Lady (Eva Bowlby) : 258,830 n. 2 statesman', 777; 1083, 1236, 1319 Keynes,J. M.: 4 II, 436, 437, 479, 525, Lawrence Farm: its 'unhealthy spots' 953 n. I and the Tariff question, 326 BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX

Lawrence, General Sir H. A.: 540 Lloyd, Lieutenant-General Sir Francis: Lawrence, T. E.: 86, 226, 908-g; 'Some 212, 563, 1072, 1081 pot!', 1014; comments on The After­ Lloyd, Lady: 1071, 1081 math, 1446-8; comments on Churchill's Lloyd, Sir George (later Baron): I I I, future, 1474 199; High Commissioner in Egypt, Lawson, General Algernon: 1313 724, 725, 1175; and Mother India, Layton, (Sir) Walter (later Baron): 436 1054; at Chartwell, 1161 n. I Lee, (Sir) Kenneth: 540 Lloyd, T.J.: 887 Leith-Ross, (Sir) F. W.: 323-4, 341, 347, Lloyd George, David: Churchill dis­ 608 n. I, 1016-17, 1019, 1178-81, cusses mistakes of, 13, 14; his memoirs, 1255, 1348-g 19, 40; 'nobody trusts him', 41; 're­ Lenin: his British 'disciple', 779; and the quires no help', 67; and the political 'bestial appetites' of Leninism, 916 crisis of January 1924, 93-4, 99; n.2 Churchill dines with, 110; and Leslie, Lady (Leonie Jerome) : 902-3 Churchill's political future, 114, 116, Leslie, (Sir) Seymour: 91 I 120, 139, 169, 178, 185, 188, 189; Levinson, Salmon Oliver: 1389 n. I Churchill's political discussion with Lewis, Alfred Neville: 920 n. I, 1067, (August 1924), 190-3; and Ireland, 1085, 1113 196; and Russia, 199, 206, 208; and Lewis, George: 1401 n. I the 1924 General Election, 218, 219- Lewis, Oswald: 1220 n. I 20, 224, 235, 236; and Churchill's Lindemann, F. A. (later Viscount Cher­ appointment as Chancellor of the well): 91, 140, 148,316, 336 n. 1,499, Exchequer, 238; 'taunted gibed at', 629 n. 2, 643, 655, 656, 684, 1060; and 310; and national insurance, 322; and the General Strike, 707; at Chartwell, the Cannes Conference, 338,416 n. I; 745-7, 907, 920 n. I, 938, 1059, 1161 Churchill critical of, 389; 'I had a n. I, 1261, 1262, 1324, 1340-7; Ran­ pleasant talk with him', 449-50; 'the dolph Churchill writes to, 9 I 2 n. I; pioneer' of Insurance, 484; routed, Churchill finds mathematical calcula­ 488; and Iraq, 551; and Beaverbrook, tions of 'thrilling', 954; and Tren­ 560 n. I, 561; and House of Lords chard, 994; and Churchill's painting, Reform, 576 n. I; and the Road Fund, 1048, 1078-g; travels with Churchill, 598; 'will move steadily to the left', 1063; Randolph wishes to visit, 1064, 635, 935; 'empty of knowledge & 1073; 'instructive and amusing', I I 13; ideas', 641; 'down' on Sir Alfred and Randolph's Oxford plans, 1197-8, Mond, 644; and the British Gazette, 1202, 1416; Churchill seeks technical 717,718; and war debts, 742; and the information from, 1294-5, 1295 n. I; Coal negotiations of 1926, 747, 763, visits Randolph on manoeuvres, 1321; 845, 846, 850; and Churchill's return and Mary Churchill's house, 1325; in to the Cabinet in 1917,885; and Foch, India, 1409 n. I, 1429, 1452 n. 2 888; his 'determined stand' in 1917, Lindsay, Sir Ronald: 50 n. 2, 722-3 889; and the Neville offensive, 890; Linlithgow, 2nd Marquess of: 336 n. I, and 'Too Late!', 922 n. I; and days 564 lost by strikes, 1001; 'cannot even Lints Smith, William: 10, 148, 236, make up his mind', 1002-3; his ora­ 140 6-7 tory and Churchill's compared, 1006; Lipton, Sir Thomas: I I 10 and 'talking pictures', 1051-2; and Lister-Kaye, Sir John: 162-3 Kitchener, 1060; Churchill's public Llewellyn, Sir David: 772, 775,848 criticism of, 1103-5; and the Navy BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX 1497

Estimates crisis of 1913, 1199 n. I; Lytton, Countess of (Pamela Plowden): Churchill's further public criticism of, 23 1 I21I-I2; his budget of 1909, 1270; Lytton, Alexandra: 929, 930 and Churchill's fourth budget, 1273, Lytton, Neville (later 3rd Earl of) : 929 1292, 1299; 'may be a force again', 1327; and his accession to the Premier­ Macaulay, T. B.: 46,180, 1294, 1299 ship in 1917, 1333 n. I; a 'first hand' Macready, General Sir C. F. N.: 1399 opinion of, 1344-5; and the Irish MacDonald, Sir John: 167 Treaty, 1346; and Churchill's The MacDonald, Ramsay: 44, 87-8, 94, 98; World Crisis, 1405-6, 1409, 1415; and Prime Minister (1924), 100-1, 112, the Battle of Belleek (1922), 1430; at 114, 159, 171, 198, 204 n. I, 207-8, Gairloch (1921),1440; and Churchill's 209; resigns (November 1924), 225; alleged alliance plans with (in March and Russia, 245; 'vain and bitter', 1929), 1451; his treatment of Freddie 296; and Egypt, 320; and Churchill's Guest criticized, 1474 first budget, 476-7, 485; and the Lloyd-Graeme, Sir Philip: 41, 229, 265, General Strike, 702, 705, 716; and the 288, 293; for subsequent entries see Coal negotiations of 1926, 763-72, 809, Cunliffe-Lister, Sir Philip 821,846,850,856,893; and the exten­ Locker-Lampson, Oliver: 1I9 n. I, 120, sion of Female Suffrage, 962-3; and 166,640, 707,882 Germany, 999 n. I; and the House of Logan, Colonel A. J.: 280 n. 2, 324, 332 Lords, 1028 n. I; and Commander Logan, Dr Dorothy: 1083 Kenworthy's 'startling' book, 1040; in Londonderry, 7th Marquess of: 8,16-17, debate with Churchill, 1081; and the 22, 73, 213; and the Coal crisis (of coming General Election (of 1929), 1925-6), 530; and the Coal negotia­ 1427; receives The Aftermath, 1437; tions (of 1926),775, 776, 778-80, 824- 'impotent, vain, weak', 1440; be­ 6, 829, 833-4, 864-7; and taxation, comes Prime Minister for the second 1043; at Chartwell, 1I61 n. I; at time, 1473 home, 131!)-20 Mackay, Elsie: 1305 Londonderry, Marchioness of ('Edie'): McKellar, Senator (of Tennessee): 364 8, 23, 133, 1319-20 n. I Londonderry, Marchioness of (Lady McKenna, Reginald: 113, 152, 154, 156, Theresa Chetwynd-Talbot): 133 310,436,437,481,561,570, 1199 n. I, Long, Ray: 106, 1218, 1326 1375 Long, Sydney: 1004 n. 2 Mackenzie King, William: 650-1, 1277, Loraine, Sir Percy: 285 n. I 1318-19, 1389 n. I Loucheur, Louis: 45, 101-2, III, 135, Maclean, Sir Donald: 67, 170 335, 340- 1, 537-40, 565 n. I; Chur­ MacMahon, Cortlandt: and Churchill's chill's 'farewell' letter to, 619; 680-1, speech defect, 969-70, 1205 923, 927, 1371 n. I MacManus, Arthur: and the 'Zinoviev Louis, Prince, of Battenberg: 16,38 letter', 244 n. I Lovat, 14th Baron: 1303, 1316 Macmillan, Harold: and Churchill's Lowther, Claude: 167 plans for the de-rating of industry, Ludwig, Emil: 1069, 1082 1127, 1149, II 59-61 , II 72-3, II81, Lyle, Sir Leonard: 172 1229-32 Lyttelton, Oliver (later Viscount Chan­ Macnamara, T.J.: 322 dos): 519 n. I McNeill, Ronald (later Lord Cushen­ Lytton, 2nd Earl of: 9, 231, 1056 dun): 499 n. I, 566, 57 1- 2, 640, 744, BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX

McNeill, Ronald-contd. Milner, Viscount: and Egypt, 724 944 n. I, 978, gS8, 1056; becomes Minto, 4th Earl of: 1449 Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, Minto,J.: 1003 1057 n. 3, 1064, 1247; for subseqw!nt Mitchell-Thomson, William (later Baron index entries see Cushendun, Lord Selsdon): 1412 Madden, Admiral of the Fleet Sir Mitford, Diana: 629 n. 2, 1379, 1419 Charles: 1078 Moncheur, Baron: 395 Maginot, Andre: 1371 n. I Mond, Sir Alfred (later Baron Melchett) : Mair, G. H.: 1277 n. 2 310, 4Bo, 481 , 496, 554; becomes a Malcolm, Sir Ian: 1275 Conservative, 634-5, 644 Mallet, Sir Louis: 429 Mond, (Sir) Robert: 909 Mankind: 'Unteachable from infancy to Montagu, Edwin: dies, 258-g, 336; 1145 tomb', 1291 n. I, 1452 n. I Mardy Jones, Isaac: 740 Montagu, Venetia: 8, 19-20, 24, 258 Margaine, Alfred: 923 n. 2, 336, 337, 561 n. I, 920 n. I, 971 Markham, Sir Charles: 1068 n. I, 1161 n. I, 1208, 1248 n. 3, 1383 Marlborough, 9th Duke of: 42-3 Montgomery, (Sir) C. H.: 639-40 Marsden, Commander Arthur: 623-4 Moon, Sir Ernest: 2gS Marsh, (Sir) Edward: 8-g, 16, 36, 61, Moore, Dr Gilbert: 1248 n. 3 451 n. I, 470, 573 n. I, 629 n. 2, 920 Moore, Sir N.J.: 177 n. 1 n. 1,931,938, 1014, 1020, 1065, 1068, Moore-Brabazon,J. T. C. (later Baron): 1085, 1161 n. I, 1202, 1207, 1288 n. I, 678 1301, 1420, 1443-4, 1468 n. I, 1474 Morton, (Sir) Desmond: 1393-6, 1415- Martin, (Sir) John: 91 n. I 16, 1436-7 Mary, Queen: presented with a Chur­ Mosley, (Sir) Oswald: 30 n. 2 chill painting, 1052 n. I, 1349 Motley, J. L.: his 'admirable' history, l\iasterman, Charles: 84, 322 101 3 Masterton-Smith, Sir James: 30- 1, 54, Mountbatten, Lady Louis: 1204 n. I 55,80,230,527 MUller, Lieutenant: his bravery recalled, Maurice, Major-General Sir Frederick: 921 889, 1200 n. I Murray, Sir George: 601 n. I Maurois, Andre: 1059, 1082 Murray, Gideon (later 2nd Viscount Maybury, Sir Percy: 648 Elibank): 169-70 l\layo, Katherine: 1042 n. I, 1054, 1289 Murray, Sir Oswyn: 183, 398 Meade, (Sir) Herbert: 904 'Mush, Freddy': 61 n. I Meiklejohn, (Sir) R. S.: 682 Mussolini, Benito: 60, 675, 676, 677 n. 2, Mellon, Andrew: 742, 1361 878, 908, 914, 916, 928, 1000, 1051, Merriman, Sir Frank (later Baron): 1058, 1366 1239, 1304 Mustafa Kemal (Atatiirk): 1447 Michalakopoulos, Andreas: 912 n. I Middlemas, Keith: quoted, 1044 n. I Nadir Khan: 1429 Midleton, 9th Viscount: 77, 123, 200, Napoleon: 424,708,746, 1069 n. I, 1081, 675 n. I 1343 Mildmay, Lord: 471 Nelson: Beatty the 'inheritor' of, 243 Millerand, Alexandre: 143 Newbolt, Sir Henry: 31 n. I Milne, General (later Field-Marshal) Sir Newborough, 5th Baron: 216 Francis (late Baron): 1124 Nicholson, O. W.: 117, 118, 120, 125, Milner, Sir Frederick: 1210-11 126 n. 3, 165 BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX 1499

Nicolson, Sir Harold: quoted, 468 n. I, Osborne: the 'bird man', 1013 1447 Osborne, Henry C.: 312-13, 643 Niemeyer, Sir Otto: and War Debts, 25g-60, 847; Churchill seeks informa­ Page Croft, Sir Henry (later Baron): tion from, 292-3; Churchill receives 1313-15 information from, 309; and War Debts, Pagenstecker, Hermann: 317 323-4, 329, 538, 1019; and Egypt, Paget,John: 178-80, 274n. I, 1294, 1299 351-2; and the return to the Gold Paget, Lady Victor: 1065 Standard, 411-12, 436; and Bank Painleve, Paul: 144,565 n. I, 1371 n. I Rate, 553; and the Coal subsidy, 574- Papen, von: 999 n. I . 5; and the Betting Tax, 622; and Parkinson, Sir A. L.: 134, 137 Churchill's budget plans, 624, 658-9, Partington, Mr: at Epping, 1081 685, 685-6; and the General Strike, Pattenden (the bricklayer): at Chart- 715; and the National Debt, 856-7, well, 1375 85g-6I, 919, 924-6, 927, 976-7, 98g- Pease, Jack: see index entry Gainford, Lord 90, 996-9, 1310 Peel, Viscount: 420 n. I, 559 n. I, 944 Nile, River: 'more like a god than a n. I, 1357 n. I, 1431, 1434 n. I river', 634 Pemberton, (Sir) Max: 1285 Nimmo, Sir Adam: 781 n. I, 866 Pembroke, Earl and Countess of: 337 Nivelle, General: 32 n. 1,890 n. 4, 519 n. I Norman, Montagu (later Baron): 302, Percy, Lord Eustace (later Baron Percy): 305, 336 n. 1,41 I, 412, 438 n. 1,468, 6Ig-2I, 679-80, 719, 919, 1082, 1194 472, 715; and the Coal crisis of 1926, n. I, 1434 n. I, 1442, 1457 823, 832-3; and Churchill's third Peret, Raoul: 668, 681, 684, 927 budget, 987; and the National Debt, Petain, Henri: 777,890 n. 1,923 n. I 990; and war debts, 1017; and fiscal Peter the Great: 339 policy, 1306; to be hanged, 1376 Pethick-Lawrence, William (later Northcliffe, Viscount: 746 n. I, 1285 Baron): 70-2, 74 n. 2, 961 n. 2 Northcote, Sir Stafford: 1203, 1269, 1271 Phillimore, Lord: 131 n. I, 1405 Northumberland, 10th Duke of: 814 Phillips, (Sir) Frederick: 1180 Norton, Mrs: 60, 824 Phipps, (Sir) Eric: 335, 346, 537 Norton de Mattos, J. M. R.: and war 'Pied Piper': Churchill fills role of, 985 debts, 847-8 Pierrefeu, Jean de: 101 Pinsent, G. H. S.: 1339 O'Byrne,J.: 603 n. 1,611 n. 1,612 n. I Pirelli, Alberto: 1363, 1366, 1371 O'Higgins, Kevin: negotiates with Pitt the Younger: 'the first man that ever Churchill about the Irish boundary lived', 856-7 and indemnity, 603 n. 1,606,611,612 Plumer, General Sir Herbert: 885 n. 1,613; shot dead, 1029 Poincare, Raymond: 105, I II, 135,338, Oliver, Vice-Admiral Sir Henry: 38, 79 395, 416, 417, 505, 923, 101 7, 1019, Olivier, Laurence: 1425 n. 2 1051, 1358-65, 1366-g, 1371 O'Malley, (Sir) Owen: 1161 n. I, 1340, Poliakoff: 537 1343, 1393-6, 1434 n. I Ponsonby, Arthur: his analysis of Onslow, 5th Earl of: 1049 Churchill's character, 1443-4 Oranmore and Browne, Lord (later Ponsonby, Sir Frederick: auctions a Baron Mereworth) : 593 Churchill painting, 1052 n. I OrInsby-Gore, William (later 4th Baron Portland, Duke and Duchess of: 1293 Harlech): 295, I I 19 n. I n. I BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX

Potocka, Countess: 1323 Roosevelt, Franklin D.: 49, 1105 n. 1 Poulton, E. L.: 712 Rosebery, 5th Earl of: 66, 134 n. 3, 171, Pound, Captain Dudley: 420 n. 1,886-7, 178, 17g-80, 185, 196, 232-3, 239-40, 90 4 274, 290, 1282, 1294, 1435 Preston, Sir W. R.: 1352 Rosslyn, 5th Earl of: 1067 Pretyman, E. G.: I I I Rothermere, 1st Viscount: 60, 67, IIO, Prew, RobertJ.: 141, 159-60 II2, II6, 274; urges Churchill to be Probyn, Sir Dighton: 129 'like an avenging angel', 388-g; 'most Profumo, John: 158 n. I friendly', 429-30; complains about Pugh, (Sir) Arthur: 712, 721 Churchill, 497-8; his advice to Pulitzer, Ralph: 60 Churchill, 519; his apology to Chur­ Purcell, A. A.: 524, 739 chill, 534-5; and the Gold Standard, Pybus, (Sir) John: 721 561, 568-g, 570-1; to be repulsed 'by events', 566; and the General Strike, Quenington, Viscount: killed in action, 718; 'devoid of even the slightest in­ 474 n. I fluence', 1247; and Churchill's fourth budget, 1284, 1287; Churchill's dis­ Raffety, F. W.: 103 pute with, 1376-7, 1383, 1384, 1386, Rakovsky, C. G.: 245 1387-8; in Egypt, 1378 Raleigh, Sir Walter: 7 Routh, C. R. N.: 1253 Ranisford (at Chartwell): leaves, 1322 Runciman, Walter (later Viscount): 93, Rankin,J. S.: II9 n. I 190, 196,310,485,738,971 n. I, 1099, Rawlinson, Lord: 125, 885 II99 n. I, 1472 Reader, W.J.: quoted, 909 n. 2 Ruskin: quoted, 1#2 Reading, Earl (later Marquess): 231, Russell, Elizabeth Mary: 653 358, 475, 1322 Rees, John: 48 Sabatier, Paul: 1294 Reith, Sir John: 715-16, 759, 1288 St Aldwyn, Earl: 474 Ricardo, (Sir) H. R.: 665, 666, 678 St Aldwyn, Lucy Countess of: 474 Richards, Thomas: 749 n. 2, 751- 2, 753, Saklatvala, Shapurji: quells 'the tumult' 754-5, 756, 757, 766, 770, 814, 867 in the House of Commons, 478; de­ n. 1,868 feated at the Polls, 624 n. I Richardson, W. P.: 749 n. 2,814, 816- Salter, Arthur: 'an excitable creature', 17,818,867 n. I 1046 Riddell, Lord: 48, 629 n. 2, 677, 694- Salisbury, 3rd Marquess of: 192, 218, 700, 1161 n. 1 1043,1345 Ritchie, Lord: 1203 Salisbury, 4th Marquess of: 297-8, 420 Roberts, Cecil: 92 n. 1,425,430,462, 514, 557 n. I, 559 Roberts, Clement: 1234 n. I, 572 n. 1, I3II; and the Irish Roberts, F. 0.: 660 negotiations of December 1925, 603 Robertson, Sir Malcolm: 639 n. 1 n. 1,61 1,613; indignant, 686; and un­ Robertson, Sir Robert: 666, 678 employment, 734; visits Australia, Robertson, Field-Marshal Sir W. R.: 34- 919; and the 1927 budget, 944 n. 1; 888-9 Churchill's friendship with, 1043 n. I; Rolleston, Sir Lancelot: 1066 ill, 1332, 1431; and the 1929 budget, Romilly, Bertram: 676 1456-7 Romilly, Nellie: 315 n. 2, 629 n. 2, 676, Salvidge, Sir Archibald: 137, I<;j9, 141-2, 20 n. 1 143 n. 3, 973-4 BIO GRAPHICAL INDEX 1501

Samuel, A. M.: 499 n. I, 1057 n. 3, 1064, influences Churchill's painting, 1048, 1196-7, 1255, 1279-80, 1281, 1318, 1053, 1054, 1067, 1078-g, 1161 n. I 1322 Sickert, Mrs: 1053 Samuel, Sir Herbert (later Viscount): Sidebotham, Herbert: 237 n. 3 528-9,530-1,676, 713,837,842, 1199 Sieyes: quoted by Churchill, 424 n. I Sikorski, General: 13 n. I Samuel, Samuel: 1274 Simmonds, Frank H.: 49-50 Sargent,John: 'a gift portrait' from, 425, Simon, Sir John (later Viscount): 41, 44, 895 67, 98, 190, 196, 218, 224, 293, 481 , Sarwat Pasha: 1039, 1I75 686,713,715, 1I99 n. I, 1292; and the Sassoon, Sir Philip: 18 n. 3, 53, 1I6, 1I9 'Simon Commission', 1430, 1431 n. 1,229; becomes Under-Secretary of SiIns, Admiral W. S.: 49 State for Air, 251, 425, 655; and the Sinclair, Sir Archibald: Churchill relies British Gazette, 708; gives Churchill a on, 3; Churchill dines with, 20; a gift, 895; and Haig, 896; Churchill messenger, 22; in Parliament, 61; at dines with, 930; a further gift from, Chartwell, 179, 180, 1I61 n. I, 1409 1012-13; Churchill visits, 1312; at n. I; reports to Churchill on politics, Churchill's 54th birthday dinner, 1379 198-9; and the 1924 General Election, Sauerwein, J. A.: 346 205, 206-7, 210; his speech defect, Savinkov, B. V.: 1321, 1326 970; at a Churchill luncheon, 1303; Scipio: hampered, in vain, 618 describes Churchill at work, 1312; and Scott, C. P.: apologizes to Churchill, The World Crisis, 1415 498; dines with Churchill, 500-1 Sinclair, Lady (Marigold Forbes): 178- Scott, Sir Leslie: 974 9,180 Scott, Sir Robert: 640 Skirmunt, Konstanty: 500 Scott, Sir R. R.: 432, 681-2 Smillie, Robert: 762-3 Scribner, Charles: 25, 29,49-50 Smith, A. E. ('Al'): 1309, 1324 Scrymgeour-Wedderburn (later Earl of Smith, Herbert: and the crisis in the Coal Dundee): describes life at Chartwell, industry, 522, 749 n. 2, 754, 757-8, I 34G-7 ; 'impressed' by Chartwell, 759, 765, 766, 770, 778-g, 784, 814, 1350 816-17, 818, 819, 824--6, 836, 837-g, Seely, J. E. B. (later Baron Mottistone): 842, 855, 867-71 156, 167,470, 714, 1474, 1475 n. I Smith-Dorrien, Rear-Admiral A. H.: Sharp, G. G.: 200-1 2 0 3 Shaw, Andrew (later 2nd Baron Craig­ Smuts,J. C.: 777, go8 n. 1,953 myle): 76-7 Snowden, Philip (later Viscount): 98, Shaw, G. B.: 1I4, 1331-2 171, 250, 252; Churchill's opinion of, Sheepshanks, A. C.: 327-8, 897, 910, 296; gives Churchill his 'blessing', 299; 1I97-8, 1201, 1238, 1253, 1379, 1397- Churchill's 'clever attack' on, 310; and 8, 1401-2, 1416 Churchill's national insurance plans, Shelley, P. B.: Randolph Churchill to 322; 'pluming himself', 463; and read, 1300 Churchill's first budget, 474, 479, 4BI- Sherriff, R. C.: 1420, 1425 2,485,488; Churchill entertains, 644; Shinwell, Emmanuel (later Baron): 'an and the Supplementary Estimates, anarchist', 232 738; accuses Churchill of weakness, Shuckburgh, Sir John: 1418, 1434 n. I 741-2; attacks Boothby, 957-8; and Shylock: his calculations emulated, 670 Female Suffrage, 961 n. 2; and Sickert, Richard: at Chartwell, 920 n. I; Churchill's third budget, 979, g85; BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX

Snowden, Philip-contd. Stoker, Bram: 652 and the National Debt, 1141; and Street, Miss: 1055 Churchill's fourth budget, 1279 notes 2 Streseman: 1389 n. I and 3, 1283, 1292, 1296; receives The Strickland, Lieutenant-General (later Aftermath, 1437; and Churchill's fifth General) Sir E. P.: 1025 budget, 1470; succeeds Churchill as Strong, Benjamin: 539 Chancellor of the Exchequer, 1473 Sueter, (Sir) Murray: 118 Solomon: his biblical judgement, and the Sumner, Viscount: 1239, 1405 future of the Royal Air Force, 554 Sutcliffe, Herbert: 335 Somervell, Robert: and the teaching of Sutherland, Duchess of: 23 English, 969 Swaffer, Hannen: 1288 n. I Southborough, Lord: 57-8 Spears, Brigadier-General (Sir) E. L.: Talleyrand: quoted, 574 Churchill thanks, 3-4, 61,113,128; at Tanner, H. G.: 102-5 Chartwell, 629 n. 2, 680-1; Churchill's Tawney, R. H.: 848 by-election letter to (May 1927), 999- Taylor, Mrs John: 59-60 1003, 1012 Taylor, R. A.: 62 I n. I Spencer, G. A.: 1000 Tegart, (Sir) Charles: 231 Spender-Clay, H. H.: 907, 1028 Tennyson, Mrs Lionel: 53 'Spenlow and Jorkins': 324 Terrail, Gabriel ('Mermeix'): 101 Spenser Grey, Commander D. A.: 1373, Thomas, Albert: 135 1374 Thomas, Sir Howell: 1430 Stack, Sir Lee: murdered, 255 n. 1,257, Thomas, J. H.: 30 n. 2, III n. I, 169, 275 n. I, 319 198, 433 n. I, 526, 686; and the Stamfordham, Lord: 470, 822-3, 983, General Strike, 701, 705, 712 1052-3, 1270, 1445-6, 1461 -2, 1475 Thompson, Walter H.: 144,931 Stamp, Sir Josiah (later Baron): 1158, Thucydides: 1014 1169, 1287, 1465-6 Tiarks, F. C.: 1306 Stanhope, 7th Earl of: 181 n. I, 399 Tilden, Philip: 18, 19, 23, 50, 55-6, 59, Stanley, Oliver: 103 n. I 106, 643, 652, 746, 1071 Steel-Maitland, Sir Arthur: 237, 456-7, Tillotson, Fred L.: 20 n. 6 462, 546-7, 551, 632-3; and unem­ Tizard, (Sir) Henry: 678 ployment and health insurance, 648- Tomsky: and the Coal Strike, 880 n. I 50, 1171; and the Coal crisis of 1926, Trenchard, Air Chief Marshal (later 676 n. I; and the General Strike, 713, Marshal of the Royal Air Force, 72 I ; and the Coal negotiations of 1926, Lord) Sir H. M.: 6-7, 301-2,393,498, 729 n. I, 730, 734, 748, 752, 758, 760, 548, 553-6, 597, 994, 1I50, 1372 761, 763 n. I, 764, 766, 769-71, 773, Trevelyan, (Sir) Charles: 471 780, 781 n. I, 785, 795-6, 801, 807, Tryon, Major George (later Baron): 809,810, 81I, 814, 816-17, 818, 819- 657-8, 660-1 20, 821, 824, 836, 83S--g, 848-g, 867 Tut-ankh-amen: 'spiteful', 1377 n. 1,872 n. I; ill, 1244, 1247-8, 1253, Tyrrell, Sir W. G. (later Baron): 26, 74, 1332; receives The Aftermath, 1434 n. I 229-30, 639, 121 3-14, 1275, 1370, Stern, Sir Albert: 1215 1451 n. I Stevenson, Sir James (later Baron), 40-1, Tyrwhitt, Vice-Admiral Sir R. Y.: 6, 992 179, 242 Stevenson, Robert Louis: 854 n. I Ullswater, Lord: and Female Suffrage Sthamer, Friedrich: 1368 961 ,964 BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX

Upcott, G. C.: 608 n. I, 1197, 1214-15, Westminster, Violet Duchess of: 57, 13 16 1059 Whale,James: 1425 Van Druten, John: 1374 n. 2 Wheatley,John: 162,483 Vansittart, (Sir) Robert (later Baron): Whiskard, G. G.: 603 n. 1,608, 1030 n. I 1280, 1439, 1473 White, Arnold: 855 n. I Venizelos, Eleutherios: 1447 White, Dean H.J.: 1201 Vickers, H. C.: 27 Whitelaw, William: 853 Victor Emmanuel, King: 1261 Whiteley, William: 961 n. 2 Vincent, Sir Hugh: 220 Whitfield, Brian: 897 Volpi, Count G.: 675 Whyte, Miss Maryott ('Moppet'): 70, Voronoff, Dr Serge: 1206 109, III, 336,1063,1066,1246,1248, 1323, 1471 Wallace (at Chartwell): 423, 435, 643, Wigram, Ralph: 537 1071 Wilbur, Curtis D.: 364 Wallace, Euan: 289 Wilhelm II, Kaiser: 19, 433 n. 2, 596 Ward, Dr K. L. S.: 180 n. I, 1422 n. I, 1451 n. I Ward, William Dudley: 220 Wilkinson, Ellen: 961 n. 2 Waring, Walter: 220 WilliaIns, (Sir) Evan: and the crisis in Washington, George: 'a tough raw boned the Coal industry, 523-4, 760, 763, Colonial', 91 I, 1312 770, 771, 778-9, 781 n. I, 782-807, Waterhouse (the gardener): 144, 423, 807-8,810,811-13,814,815,816,817, 435 818, 819, 821, 823, 825, 827-8, 832, 'Watson, Sir Alfred (the Government 833,840,842,843,845,866 Actuary): 322, 381, 407, 461 - 2, 493-4, Wilson, Admiral of the Fleet Sir A. K.: 657-8 33, 183 Watt, A. P.: 312, 1378 Wilson, Colonel Gordon: 77 Watts, Sir Philip: 453 Wilson, Havelock: 759 Webb, Sidney (later Baron Passfield); Wilson, Ernest Orme: 659 1207-8 Wilson, Sir Horace: 60 I n. I, 676 n. I, Wedgwood,Josiah: 30 n. 2,1060 760, 764, 781 n. 1,807, 8r8, 836, 838, Wedgwood Benn, Anthony: 310 n. I 340, 349; and Churchill's bricklaying Wedgwood Benn, Captain W. (later activities, 1335-6 Viscount Stansgate): 310, 935, 963 Wilson, Sir Leslie: 146-7,659 Weigall, Sir William: 131 Wilson, Lady Sarah: 9, 23, 77, 13i5 Weir, Baron (later Viscount): 76, 264 Wilson, Woodrow: 281-2, 313, 394 n. I, n. 2, 272-3, 418-19, 421 n. 2,460,666, 740, 1405, 1447 732-3; and Churchill's de-rating plans, Wimborne, Alice, Viscountess: 1073, 1149-50, 1157, 1161, 1162, 1167-8, 1453, 1455-6 1273 Wimborne, Lady Cornelia: 39-40, 77, Weizmann, Dr C.: 1304 454; dies, 93 1 Wellesley, (Sir) Victor: 536, 538 \Vimborne, Viscount: 39, 40, 57, 232, Wells, H. G.: 53, 61, 146, 1040 n. 2; 475, 743,931, 1323, 1347, 1453 Churchill challenges, 1098 Winterton, 6th Earl: 'Winston is a won­ Westminster, 2nd Duke of: 56 n. I, 57, derful fellow', 1005-6 59, 61, 110, 336 n. I, 91 I, 918, 927, Wise, Sir Frederic: 191; his death, 121 I 928-g, 1056, 1059, II 12-13, II 75, n. I, 1212 1284, 1286, 1392 n. I, 1414 n. I Wiseman, Sir William: 656