SALVAGUARDA DO PATRIMÔNIO CULTURAL IMATERIAL Uma Análise Comparativa Entre Brasil E Itália UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DA BAHIA

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SALVAGUARDA DO PATRIMÔNIO CULTURAL IMATERIAL Uma Análise Comparativa Entre Brasil E Itália UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DA BAHIA SALVAGUARDA DO PATRIMÔNIO CULTURAL IMATERIAL uma análise comparativa entre Brasil e Itália UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DA BAHIA REITOR João Carlos Salles Pires da Silva VICE-REITOR Paulo Cesar Miguez de Oliveira ASSESSOR DO REITOR Paulo Costa Lima EDITORA DA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DA BAHIA DIRETORA Flávia Goulart Mota Garcia Rosa CONSELHO EDITORIAL Alberto Brum Novaes Angelo Szaniecki Perret Serpa Caiuby Alves da Costa Charbel Niño El Hani Cleise Furtado Mendes Evelina de Carvalho Sá Hoisel Maria do Carmo Soares de Freitas Maria Vidal de Negreiros Camargo O presente trabalho foi realizado com o apoio da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de pessoal de nível superior – Brasil (CAPES) – Código de financiamento 001 F. Humberto Cunha Filho Tullio Scovazzi organizadores SALVAGUARDA DO PATRIMÔNIO CULTURAL IMATERIAL uma análise comparativa entre Brasil e Itália também com textos de Anita Mattes, Benedetta Ubertazzi, Mário Pragmácio, Pier Luigi Petrillo, Rodrigo Vieira Costa Salvador EDUFBA 2020 Autores, 2020. Direitos para esta edição cedidos à Edufba. Feito o Depósito Legal. Grafia atualizada conforme o Acordo Ortográfico da Língua Portuguesa de 1990, em vigor no Brasil desde 2009. capa e projeto gráfico Igor Almeida revisão Cristovão Mascarenhas normalização Bianca Rodrigues de Oliveira Sistema de Bibliotecas – SIBI/UFBA Salvaguarda do patrimônio cultural imaterial : uma análise comparativa entre Brasil e Itália / F. Humberto Cunha Filho, Tullio Scovazzi (organizadores). – Salvador : EDUFBA, 2020. 335 p. Capítulos em Português, Italiano e Inglês. ISBN: 978-65-5630-027-6 1. Patrimônio cultural – Proteção - Brasil. 2. Patrimônio cultural – Proteção - Itália. 3.Política cultural. 4. Bens não materiais. I. Filho Cunha, F. Humberto. II. Scovazzi, Tullio. CDD – 363.69 Elaborada por Jamilli Quaresma CRB-5: BA-001608/O Editora afiliada à Editora da UFBA Rua Barão de Jeremoabo s/n – Campus de Ondina 40170-115 – Salvador – Bahia Tel.: +55 71 3283-6164 www.edufba.ufba.br [email protected] Sumário 7 Apresentação do organizador brasileiro 13 Presentazione del curatore italiano Parte 1 Uma visão comparativa da salvaguarda do patrimônio cultural imaterial 19 Gli aspetti principali della Convenzione sulla salvaguardia del patrimonio culturale intangibile tullio scovazzi 61 Como Brasil/Ceará e Itália/Lombardia salvaguardam o patrimônio cultural imaterial f. humberto cunha filho Parte 2 Os aspectos da proteção do patrimônio cultural imaterial no Brasil e na Itália NO BRASIL 109 História da proteção do patrimônio cultural brasileiro: o lugar do imaterial rodrigo vieira costa 173 Breves considerações sobre a incerta proteção do patrimônio cultural imaterial pelo direito do autor brasileiro anita mattes 211 Copa do mundo de futebol (2014) e olimpíadas (2016): o que fizeram com o patrimônio cultural imaterial do Rio de Janeiro – Brasil mário ferreira de pragmácio telles NA ITÁLIA 245 The legal protection of intangible cultural heritage in Italy pier luigi petrillo 283 Italian intangible cultural heritage inscribed on representative list of the intangible cultural heritage of humanity: intellectual property rights as safeguarding measures benedetta ubertazzi 323 Brevi considerazioni sulla tutela del patrimonio culturale intangibile a livello costituzionale in Brasile e in Italia tullio scovazzi 333 Sobre os autores APRESENTAÇÃO DO ORGANIZADOR BRASILEIRO Desde o ano de 2017, o Programa de Pós-Graduação em Direito Cons- titucional – mestrado e doutorado – (PPGD) da Universidade de Forta- leza (Unifor) é um dos oito avaliados com nota seis pela Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Capes), numa escala que vai até sete, nota até hoje não obtida por qualquer programa da área jurídica. Trata-se, portanto, do único programa stricto sensu situado no Norte e Nordeste do Brasil com a mais elevada capacidade de formação de docentes e pesquisadores do Direito. Internamente, é consenso compreender que esse sucesso decorre do esforço contínuo e abnegado de todas as pessoas a ele vinculadas, bem como de algumas estratégias de atuação, uma das quais corresponde ao agir, com as mesmas características e adjetivações, dos seus vários cole- giados de investigação, entre os quais está o Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisas em Direitos Culturais (GEPDC), que possui uma trajetória peculiar. O GEPDC foi credenciado perante o Conselho Nacional de Desen- volvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) em 2014, dez anos após o efetivo início de suas atividades, inauguradas quando da concep- ção e realização da Semana Jurídica da UNIFOR que abordou o tema “Direito, Arte e Cultura”. Daí em diante, num misto de investigação científica e militância cultural, além de participar de importantes mo- mentos da vida em sociedade, arduamente trabalhou para criar disci- plinas jurídicas específicas para o tema, produzir abundantemente a 7 respectiva literatura jurídica, formar opinião, organizar e participar de eventos nacionais e internacionais, como o Encontro Internacional de Direitos Culturais (EIDC), que já se avizinha da sua nona edição anual. Com isso, o grupo passou a contribuir com a internacionalização do programa ao qual é vinculado O presente livro decorre mais proximamente de intercâmbios cultu- rais e acadêmicos derivados do EIDC, principiando com a participação do professor Tullio Scovazzi, um dos mais prestigiados internacionalistas da Europa e que também investiga e escreve sobre o Patrimônio Cultural Imaterial (PCI). Ele foi palestrante da sexta edição do evento, ocasião em que foi ajustada uma parceria formal entre a sua Universidade de Milão – Bicocca (Unimib) e a Unifor, em decorrência da qual foi viabilizada, no primeiro semestre de 2018, a vivência do signatário dessa apresentação como visiting fellow, com estudos pós-doutorais, na mencionada univer- sidade europeia, para desenvolvimento de atividades decorrentes do pro- jeto “Estudo comparado da proteção do patrimônio cultural imaterial: como Brasil e Itália disciplinam, interpretam e aplicam as convenções internacionais para proteção do patrimônio cultural imaterial”. No desenvolvimento desse projeto, como é natural, foram realizadas pesquisas e entrevistas, visitados órgãos e sítios públicos, produzidos textos (um dos quais figura como capítulo deste livro), proferidas aulas e palestras… Mas algo muito além do programado também aconteceu: a formação de uma rede de investigadores dedicados à mesma temática, que já se reuniram em outras ocasiões para o partilhamento de investi- gações sobre o tema. No âmbito da própria Unimib, duas das autoras deste livro, a ítalo- -brasileira Anita Mattes, colega de pós-doutoramento e cujas pesquisas acadêmicas há muito têm ligações com os direitos culturais; e a profes- sora lombarda Benedetta Ubertazzi, herdeira de uma tradição de juris- tas vinculados aos direitos intelectuais, consultora da Organização das Nações Unidas para a Educação, a Ciência e a Cultura (Unesco) com 8 APRESENTAÇÃO DO ORGANIZADOR BRASILEIRO trânsito planetário, docente do Direito Europeu, que busca harmoni- zar o reconhecimento do valor cultural dos bens intangíveis, sem pre- juízo de um aproveitamento econômico por parte dos seus detentores. Por fim, entre os autores europeus, o professor Pier Luigi Petrillo, vinculado à Universidade de Roma Unitelma Sapienza (Unitelma), con- sultor mandatário da Unesco, responsável por vários dossiês de bens que atualmente figuram nas listas de PCI da mencionada agência in- ternacional que, à época da pesquisa originadora desta obra, realizou, em sua universidade, o Seminário “La Tutela Giuridica del Patrimonio Culturale Immateriale: Italia e Brasile a Confronto”, do qual participa- ram representantes de órgãos patrimoniais de todas as Regiões do seu país, além desse signatário e dos professores italianos que compõem esta obra, cuja feitura, na ocasião foi deliberada. Todavia, era necessário equilibrar as participações; tínhamos três italianos, uma ítalo-brasileira e um brasileiro; precisávamos de mais dois investigadores do país tropical e a escolha foi praticamente imedia- ta, Mário Pragmácio e Rodrigo Vieira Costa, por vários motivos: fun- dadores e ininterruptos pesquisadores do GEPDC, egressos da Unifor, acadêmicos destacados e reconhecidos, com atuações em outros estados do Brasil (Rio Grande do Norte e Rio de Janeiro) e cujas produções no campo do PCI são das mais referenciadas no país. A reunião dessas pessoas que, dentre as afinidades, na academia e nas respectivas militâncias laborais, está a defesa da melhor salvaguar- da possível do patrimônio cultural imaterial, decidiram trocar ideias de como as experiências do Brasil e da Itália podem ajudar-se mutua- mente, a partir desse livro estruturado segundo uma lógica sequencial muito simples, composta de duas partes, na primeira das quais apre- senta-se a normatividade comum aos dois países, e na outra, o que eles têm de peculiar. Em decorrência, os distintos capítulos, embora escritos por diferentes autores, nas línguas por eles eleitas (português, italiano e inglês, além de citações em outros idiomas), são orgânicos e F. Humberto Cunha Filho 9 complementares, quando vistos em conjunto, e seguem a ideia de ir do mais geral ao mais específico. Essa concepção é facilmente perceptível no fato de que o primei- ro capítulo, escrito por Tullio Scovazzi, intitula-se “Os aspectos fun- damentais da Convenção sobre a salvaguarda do patrimônio cultural imaterial”, documento internacional comum aos dois países aqui com- parados, e a dezenas de outros. A propriedade com que o autor discorre sobre o tema decorre fortemente do fato
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