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The Stormy Sun Affecting the Human Life and the Technology Life in The Life in the extreme Studies of cold seeps and mud volcanoes in EUROMARGINS The stormy Sun affecting the human life and the technology THE EGGS | ISSUE 19 | MARCH 2007 3 EGU News 4 News 10 Journal Watch 12 Former WMO Secretary-General Prof. Obasi Passed Away 13 The stormy Sun affecting the human life and EDITORS Managing Editor: Kostas Kourtidis Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering the technology Demokritus University of Thrace Vas. Sofias 12, GR-67100 Xanthi, Greece tel. +30-25410-79383, fax. +30-25410-79379 email: [email protected] Assistant Editor: Magdeline Pokar Bristol Glaciology Center, 22 Life in the extreme School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol University Road Studies of cold seeps and mud volcanoes in EUROMARGINS Bristol, BS8 1SS, United Kingdom tel. +44(0)117 928 8186, fax. +44(0)117 928 7878 email: [email protected] Hydrological Sciences: Guenther Bloeschl Institut fur Hydraulik, Gewasserkunde und Wasserwirtschaft Technische Universitat Wien Karlsplatz 13/223, A-1040 Wien, Austria 24 New books tel. +43-1-58801-22315, fax. +43-1-58801-22399 email: [email protected] Biogeosciences: Jean-Pierre Gattuso Laboratoire d’Oceanographie de Villefranche, UMR 7093 CNRS- UPMC B. P. 28, F-06234 Villefranche-sur-mer Cedex France 25 Events tel. +33-(0)493763859, fax. +33-(0)493763834 email: [email protected] Geodesy: Susanna Zerbini Department of Physics, Sector of Geophysics University of Bolo- gna, Viale Berti Pichat 8 40127 Bologna, Italy tel. +39-051-2095019, fax +39-051-2095058 e-mail: [email protected] 30 Web watch Geodynamics: Bert L.A. Vermeersen Delft University of Technology DEOS - Fac. Aerospace Engineer- ing Astrodynamics and Satellite Systems Kluyverweg 1, NL-2629 HS Delft The Netherlands tel. +31-15-2788272 fax. +31-15-2785322 8 e-mail: [email protected] Atmospheric Sciences: Hans Xiang-Yu Huang Danish Meteorological Institute, Lyngbyvej 100, 2100 Copenha- gen, Denmark tel. +45-39157423, fax. +45-39157460 e-mail: [email protected] Seismology: Marco Mucciarelli Universita della Basilicata Di.S.G.G Campus Macchia Romana, 85100 Potenza Italy tel. (39) 0971-205094, fax. (39) 0971-205070 e-mail: [email protected] Climate: Yu Shaocai Atmospheric Sciences Modeling Division (E243-01), National Exposure Research Laboratory U.S. Environmental Protection Agency RTP, NC 27711, USA tel. +1-919-541-0362, fax. +1-919-541-1379 e-mail: [email protected] Atmospheric Chemistry: Kostas Kourtidis Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Demokritus University of Thrace Vas. Sofias 12, GR-67100 Xanthi, Greece tel. +30-25410-79383, fax. +30-25410-79379 e-mail: [email protected] GENERAL CONTACT For general matters please contact Kostas Kourtidis, at: [email protected] SUBMISSION OF MATERIAL For material submission, please contact the Editor-in-chief or the © European Geosciences Union, 2007 appropriate Section Editor. ADVERTISING Reproduction is authorised, provided the source is acknowledged, save where otherwise stated. For advertising information, please contact: [email protected] Where prior permission must be obtained for the reproduction or use of textual and multimedia TECHNICAL information (sound, images, software, etc.), such permission shall cancel the abovementioned For technical questions, please contact: [email protected] general permission and indicate clearly any restrictions on use. THE EGGS EGU Topical Conference Series 2nd EGU Humboldt Conference, Lima, Peru, 5-9 March, 2007, The Role of Geophysics in Natural Disaster Prevention Friday, 9 February 2007.- From 5 to 9 March, several Topics (to be introduced by invited Keynote Speakers) hundred geoscientists will meet in Lima to discuss how they can help to protect society from major disasters like tsunamis, Volcanic Eruptions hurricanes, landslides, earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. Earthquakes They will present lessons learnt from the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunamis tsunami, the 2005 Hurricane Katrina and recent volcanic and Landslides earthquake events, both in South America and elsewhere. The Avalanches ongoing global climate change poses an additional threat by Extreme climate and/or meteorological disastrous events increasing the effects of naturally occurring extreme events. - El Niño related - Global Change related - Hurricanes This has great relevance to countries in South America since, in this region, many populated areas are threatened by a whole Media registration range of natural disasters. The 2nd Alexander von Humboldt Conference is jointly Journalists, science writers and public information officers organised by the Instituto Geofísico del Perú and the European of all nations are welcome to attend this conference and to Geosciences Union. This conference will bring together register in advance by sending an email to the EGU Press leading experts from the Americas, Europe and Asia to discuss Office. A special press facility will be arranged for the written the latest results of and ideas on the prevention of natural media, radio and TV, and public information officers. disasters. The Press Officers speak Spanish as well as English. The official language for the conference is English. Simultaneous Objectives of the Conference Spanish translation will be available for Keynote and other Invited Talks. The conference aims at improving geophysical methods to evaluate natural hazards. It also aims to improve communication EGU Humboldt Conferences between the scientific and the decisionmaking communities. This is part of a more general effort to reduce the risks of This is the second of a series of Alexander von Humboldt natural hazards. Casualties and property losses due to natural International Conferences organised by the European disasters can significantly be mitigated when the risks involved Geosciences Union. The first Alexander von Humboldt for different scenarios are available in due time. International Conference on “The El Niño phenomenon and In most cases, however, scientists evaluate these hazards its global impact” was held May 16-20,2005 in Guayaquil, in probabilistic terms only. This is to be contrasted with precise Ecuador. forecasts expected by decision makers. Nevertheless, in most The third EGU Humboldt Conference will be in Beijing, 24- cases, science can provide decision makers with the best 29 September 2007. information for their mitigating decisions. This dilemma will be borne in mind when progress in natural disaster “prediction” is Meeting website: discussed during this interdisciplinary conference. http://meetings.copernicus.org/avh2/ THE EGGS back to contents The Crafoord Prize in Geosciences for 2006 is awarded to Wallace Broecker 18 January 2007.- The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences the theory of large-scale ocean currents and matching it with has decided to award the Crafoord Prize in Geosciences for the interactive Earth System. He was 20-30 years ahead of 2006 to Wallace Broecker, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, his time when, in the 1960s, he suggested that rapid climate Columbia University, Palisades, NY, USA, “for his innovative changes during the last glacial cycle were related to alterations and pioneering research on the operation of the global carbon in global ocean circulation patterns. cycle within the ocean – atmosphere – biosphere system, and Ocean currents distribute heat between latitudes and, its interaction with climate”. With his innovative research on when they change, it has major effects on the climate, both the interaction between atmosphere, oceans, ice and living locally and globally. For example if warm surface water failed organisms, he has contributed greatly to our knowledge of to reach as far north in the North Atlantic as it does today, the climate change and its mechanisms. climate in Scandinavia could be similar to Alaska’s. Applied to the current climate debate, paradoxically, rapid global warming Citation: and increased rainfall could lead to a colder climate around the North Atlantic. Will today’s growing greenhouse effect lead to major climate Broecker participates actively in the on-going debate, changes and how cautious do we have to be? To answer these providing information about the interactive Earth System to the questions we have to understand the processes governing general public, politicians and other decision makers. He does the interaction between the atmosphere, the oceans, ice and not prophesy doom but urges caution: one of his similes is living organisms. Geochemist Wallace Broecker is the person a comparison of the complex climate system with a sleeping who has contributed most to our knowledge of this complex dragon that we should not disturb. interactive system. Wallace S. Broecker, US citizen, was born 1931 (75) in His most pioneering contribution was his study of the Chicago and has obtained his PhD in Geology (1958) from global carbon cycle. Previously the composition of seawater Columbia University. He is Newberry Professor of Earth and was explained, for example, in terms of chemical equilibrium. Environmental Sciences at Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, A good 35 years ago Broecker launched instead a flow Columbia University, Palisades, NY, USA. model based on the interaction of land, atmosphere and the The Prize-awarding ceremony will take place in Lund on oceans. In doing so he has made a decisive contribution to our 26 april 2007 in the presence of Her Majesty the Queen of understanding of the link between carbon dioxide levels in the Sweden. atmosphere
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