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Annual Report COOPERATIVE INSTITUTE for RESEARCH in ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

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Annual Report COOPERATIVE INSTITUTE for RESEARCH in ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES 2015 Annual Report COOPERATIVE INSTITUTE FOR RESEARCH IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES COOPERATIVE INSTITUTE FOR RESEARCH IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES 2015 annual report University of Colorado Boulder UCB 216 Boulder, CO 80309-0216 COOPERATIVE INSTITUTE FOR RESEARCH IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES University of Colorado Boulder 216 UCB Boulder, CO 80309-0216 303-492-1143 [email protected] http://cires.colorado.edu CIRES Director Waleed Abdalati Annual Report Staff Katy Human, Director of Communications, Editor Susan Lynds and Karin Vergoth, Editing Robin L. Strelow, Designer Agreement No. NA12OAR4320137 Cover photo: Mt. Cook in the Southern Alps, West Coast of New Zealand’s South Island Birgit Hassler, CIRES/NOAA table of contents Executive summary & research highlights 2 project reports 82 From the Director 2 Air Quality in a Changing Climate 83 CIRES: Science in Service to Society 3 Climate Forcing, Feedbacks, and Analysis 86 This is CIRES 6 Earth System Dynamics, Variability, and Change 94 Organization 7 Management and Exploitation of Geophysical Data 105 Council of Fellows 8 Regional Sciences and Applications 115 Governance 9 Scientific Outreach and Education 117 Finance 10 Space Weather Understanding and Prediction 120 Active NOAA Awards 11 Stratospheric Processes and Trends 124 Systems and Prediction Models Development 129 People & Programs 14 CIRES Starts with People 14 Appendices 136 Fellows 15 Table of Contents 136 CIRES Centers 50 Publications by the Numbers 136 Center for Limnology 50 Publications 137 Center for Science and Technology Policy Research 52 Personnel Demographics 162 Earth Science and Observation Center 54 National Snow and Ice Data Center 56 Interdisciplinary Programs 58 Western Water Assessment 58 CIRES Education and Outreach 60 International Global Atmospheric Chemistry 62 Visiting Fellows 64 Innovative Research Program 68 Graduate Student Research Awards 69 Diversity and Undergraduate Research 70 Selected 2014 awards 74 Events 78 Communications 80 2015 Annual Report 1 executive summary & research highlights From the Director Fiscal Year 2015 was another very more on campus conducting strong year for CIRES, marked With awards of nearly $80M in FY NOAA-related research, we with a number of outstanding 2015, CIRES funding once again are an integral part of the achievements, both in scientific comprised nearly a fifth of the important work being done research and in support of the at NOAA’s Earth System NOAA mission. The commitment University of Colorado Boulder’s Research Laboratory, Space and talent of our world-renowned research funding. Weather Prediction Center scientists, dedicated administrative and the National Centers for staff, outstanding students and all Environmental Information. the other members of CIRES have The success of these partnerships is evident in the numerous publications co-authored continued to ensure that CIRES’ by CIRES and NOAA personnel and various awards from NOAA and the Department contributions to science, society of Commerce recognizing the outstanding achievements realized by NOAA/CIRES and the university are something teams. Among these were the Silver and Bronze Medals awarded by the Department of we should all be proud of. With Commerce, as well as a NOAA Technology Transfer Award. In addition, a team of more awards of nearly $80M in FY than 60 NOAA and CIRES scientists was honored with the COLABS/Governor’s High 2015, CIRES funding once again Impact Award for their work seeking to understand the atmospheric impacts of rapidly comprised nearly a fifth of the expanding oil and gas development. University of Colorado Boulder’s Looking to the future, CIRES researchers in NOAA’s Earth System Research Laborato- research funding. Nearly half ry are playing a significant role in ESRL’s strategic planning, led by ESRL Director Sandy David Oonk/CIRES (46%, $36.4M, page 10) of this MacDonald and with his invitation. Of about 35 lead participants in that effort, 15 are amount was from our cooperative CIRES scientists who work in the ESRL laboratories, roughly reflecting the makeup of agreement with NOAA—our core support base—and we continued to leverage this ESRL. On main campus, we are excited to welcome four new CIRES fellows this year investment and the support from the university to secure $38M in additional funding with expertise in hydrology, chemistry, geology and oceanography. All are leaders among from a diverse array of other sources. Among these were NASA, the National Science their peers and will no doubt make significant contributions to CIRES and its mission. Foundation, the Department of Defense, and the Department of Energy. With support From deep within the Earth to the top of the atmosphere and beyond, CIRES contin- from these and other sources, CIRES scientists published nearly 700 journal articles ues to explore and understand the world in which we live, often turning those discoveries across the full spectrum of environmental disciplines in many of the world’s most presti- into useful and actionable information that ultimately improves our relationship with our gious publications. We have played a critical role in the university’s educational mission environment. We advance science, and we improve lives, and it truly is a privilege to lead through our 18 faculty and our 176 undergraduate and graduate students in a wide range such an accomplished and valuable organization doing such important work. of departments across campus. CIRES’ record of outstanding research achievements, funding success, and educational contributions have contributed significantly to the University of Colorado Boulder’s stellar ranking as the #2 university in the world for Geosciences (U.S. News & World Report), trailing only the California Institute of Technology. Just as we are proud of our achievements in research and education, we are also proud to be valued partners in the execution of NOAA’s mission. With 340 scientists and Waleed Abdalati science support personnel located at the David Skaggs Research Center, and dozens CIRES Director 2 2015 Annual Report Research colleagues plan the day’s radar surveys on Scott Glacier, Cordova, Alaska, March 2013. Dan McGrath/CIRES Index, which indicates that the warming influence CIRES: Science in Service to Society from human-emitted gases continues to increase, up CIRES—the Cooperative Institute for Research in That is, CIRES science seeks to improve fundamental 34 percent since the index year of 1990. Environmental Sciences—is an international leader understanding of the changing world and to produce • Led and coordinated the international effort to pro- in research that addresses some of the most pressing applications that are useful and used by decision-mak- duce the quadrennial 2014 Ozone Assessment, including challenges facing our planet and people. Many of these ers. Here we highlight a few of the past year’s activities the Assessment for Decision Makers, for the United challenges are priorities for NOAA: Adapting to and and successes as they align with NOAA’s priorities: the Nations and World Meteorological Organization. mitigating climate change, for example, and conducting overarching goals and enterprise objectives outlined in • Used a 3D printer to efficiently and inexpensively research that supports a weather-ready nation. Since NOAA’s Next Generation Strategic Plan. produce components of a particle spectrometer—to its inception more than 45 years ago as NOAA’s first measure aerosol size and distribution in the atmo- cooperative institute, CIRES has been helping NOAA Climate Adaptation and Mitigation Goal sphere. CIRES researchers deployed the Printed meet these and other strategic goals, by hiring and CIRES scientists (often with NOAA and other col- Optical Particle Spectrometer on a tall tower, two un- supporting some of the best and brightest Earth scien- leagues): manned aircraft systems, and a high-altitude balloon. tists and students, and leveraging NOAA investments • Showed that the Larsen C Ice Shelf in Antarctica • Investigated the role of El Niño-Southern Oscillation with partnerships and funding from other institutions is thinning from both above and below: Through in extreme precipitation events, finding evidence that around the world. Our researchers use time-honored and warmer air temperatures and surface melting, and strong El Niños increase the frequency of winter- cutting-edge approaches to study diverse aspects of Earth because of warmer ocean waters or shifting currents. to-early-spring heavy rain events over the upper system science, with a focus on “use-inspired” research. • Updated NOAA’s 2014 Annual Greenhouse Gas Missouri River Basin and in parts of Texas (east and 2015 Annual Report 3 Lightning strike over Broomfield, Colorado. Ben Castellani/CIRES Sampling for airborne microbes in a Boulder basement. David Oonk/CIRES northeast). and Forecast Icing Potential versions 1.1; Icing Product development community. • Used models and observations to assess the role of Alaska; and Graphical Turbulence Guidance version 3. • Diagnosed factors responsible for heavy daily precipi- climate change in California drought risk. Both show • Conducted the Lidar Uncertainty Measurement Exper- tation events observed between 1979 and 2013 in the California getting hotter and wetter, a combination iment (LUMEX) to compare the observations of newly United States, finding evidence that sea surface tempera- that has likely decreased the risk of agricultural available wind lidars, with unknown error characteris- ture patterns linked
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