Aircraft Seating Market Heating Up!

ISSN 2667-8624 VOLUME 1 - ISSUE 3 - YEAR 2020

TECHNOLOGY HIGH-TECH MATERIAL UTILIZATION TREND IN IATA EXECUTIVES THE AVIATION INDUSTRY GATHERED WITH GLOBAL AVIATION MEDIA IN GENEVA AVIATION HISTORY ELLY BEINHORN’S RECORD BREAKING REPORT FLIGHT FROM GERMANY TURKISH AIRPORTS TO TURKEY UPWARD PERFORMANCE IN 2019

WOMEN OF AVIATION WORLDWIDE WEEK

CABIN INTERIOR AIRCRAFT SEATING MARKET HEATING UP!

VOLUME 1 - YEAR 2020 - ISSUE 3 contents ISSN 2667-8624

Publisher & Editor in Chief Managing Editor Ayşe Akalın Cem Akalın 14 [email protected] cem.akalin@aviationturkey. com International Relations & Advertisement Director Administrative Şebnem Akalın Coordinator sebnem.akalin@ Yeşim Bilginoğlu Yörük aviationturkey.com y.bilginoglu@ aviationturkey.com Chief Advisor to Editorial Board Editors Can Erel / Aeronautical Muhammed Yılmaz/ Engineer Aeronautical Engineer Translation İbrahim Sünnetçi Tanyel Akman Şebnem Akalin Saffet Uyanık Proof Reading & Editing Mona Melleberg Yükseltürk Photographer Sinan Niyazi Kutsal Graphic Design 2019 Worst Gülsemin Bolat İmtiyaz Sahibi Year for Görkem Elmas Hatice Ayşe Evers Advisory Board Basım Yeri Air Freight Aslıhan Aydemir Demir Ofis Kırtasiye Demand Serdar Çora Perpa Ticaret Merkezi B Blok 8 Renan Gökyay Kat:8 No:936 Şişli / İstanbul Since 2009 Lale Selamoğlu Kaplan Tel: +90 212 222 26 36 Assoc. Prof. Ferhan Kuyucak IATA demirofiskirtasiye@hotmail. Şengür com Executives Adress www.demirofiskirtasiye.com Administrative Office Gathered Basım Tarihi DT Medya LTD.STI Şubat - 2020 with Global İlkbahar Mahallesi Galip Erdem Caddesi Sinpaş Yayın Türü Aviation Altınoran Kule 3 No:142 Süreli Media in Çankaya Ankara/Turkey Geneva Tel: +90 (312) 557 9020 [email protected] www.aviationturkey.com © All rights reserved. No part of publication may be reproduced by any means without Jetex – written permission. Ready to Take Private Aviation in Turkey to New Heights 24 contents 56 Airspace Closure: 46 The Gulf Invisible Helicopters Power of Company Countries Thriving in 76 Turkey’s “Female mutually 28 Aviators beneficial Aircraft Touch all financial Seating Business environment Market Lines in Heating Aviation” Up!

42 82 Turkey's First The Crisis Unique and that Turns National Hot Boeing Air Balloon Produced Upside Down: by Pasha 737 MAX Balloons Inc. FROM THE EDITOR

25by2025 - IATA’s Gender Balance Campaign Gains Momentum The 25by2025 campaign followed by Asia-Pacific As a member of Turkey’s carried out by the IATA, (10), the Americas (7) and GBFCAB, Pegasus is a global initiative Africa & Middle East (6). Airlines continues to to change the gender support awareness- In Turkey, the activities balance within the raising programs for related to Gender Balance aviation industry as women regarding job in Aviation initiated by Mr. an initial step towards opportunities in aviation, Can Erel are carried out achieving increased and to improve the by the DGCA (Turkey’s gender balance in quality and quantity of Directorate General of the aviation industry. roles available to women Civil Aviation Authority) 25by2025 is a voluntary in the sector. In line with the “Gender Balance campaign for IATA Pegasus Airlines’ ongoing Fostering Commission member airlines efforts to promote gender (GBFC)”and the “Gender to improve female equality in business and Balance Fostering representation in the the aviation sector, Commission Advisory industry by 25%, or up Pegasus has signed IATA’s Board (GBFCAB)” are to a minimum of 25% by “25by2025” initiative. In conducting activities 2025. 2016, Pegasus Airlines along with members became the first airline in As of December 2019, 59 from the authority and the world to endorse the airlines including Turkish selected companies, United Nations Women’s Airlines and Pegasus schools and NGOs in Empowerment Principles Airlines have joined the the aviation sector. (WEPs), illustrating the campaign which seeks to The DGCA sets up significance that the address gender balance and enforces rules airline places on gender in civil aviation worldwide. in Turkey to increase a comprehensive article equality and the role of These 59 airlines that sector-based capacity, in this issue. to honor women in business and have currently committed productivity, and aviation female aviators. the workplace. to 25by2025 represent activities and checks I would like to give 30.24% of passenger the implementation of “The 10th Women of special thanks to Mr. traffic, covering both the regulations set by Aviation Worldwide Adel Mardini, Jetex traditional and low-cost the International Civil (WOAW) will be President & CEO; Mr. airlines. The initiative has Aviation Organization celebrating during the Mohamed Al Mohannadi, resonated around the (ICAO) to ensure that entire week, from March Gulf Helicopters CEO; globe, with signatories the aviation activities 2nd through March 8th Ms. İrem Hiçyorulmaz, coming from all are carried out safely and 2020 on global scale. To General Manager of continents; Europe (36), securely. that end, we had prepared Fly Service for their

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valuable contributions. Erel for their interesting Technology & Material informed. We like it. I Additionally, many and informative articles Trends in the Aviation hope you will like it as thanks to our authors; about the aviation world. Industry, Aviation well… Ms. Lale Selamoğlu Law, Aviation History, In this issue, our dedicated Have a Safe Flight… Kaplan, Dr. Emir Önguner, Aviation English, team has prepared great Tamer Saraçyakupoğlu, Aviation Photography, articles and reportage Gökhan Demirdöken and Women in Aviation, Ayşe Akalın on topcis such as Drone Sıtkı Atasoy as well as Hot Air Balloons, Travel Editor in Chief Technologies, Turkish our editorial team; Cem Experiences and Global Airport Performance Akalın, İbrahim Sünnetçi, & Local News. In short, we in 2019, Cabin Interior- Muhammed Yılmaz, constantly concentrate Aircraft Seating Şebnem Akalın, Saffet on embracing all aspects Market, Air Cargo, New Uyanık, and Mr. Can of aviation to keep you

5 TEAM

Şebnem Akalın Can Erel International Saffet Uyanık Chief Advisor to Relations & Editor Editorial Board Advertisement Director Ayşe Akalın Publisher & Editor in Chief

6 TEAM

Yeşim Bilginoğlu Cem Akalın İbrahim Sünnetçi Editor Yörük Managing Editor Administrative Coordinator

7 by Ayşe Akalın IATA Executives Gathered with Global Aviation Media © IATA IATA’s Annual Global Media Days event took place at in Geneva IATA’s executive offices in world focuses on cutting picks up in 2020, there is to facilitate discussions Geneva on 11-12 December, carbon to avoid a climate a threat that supply could regarding returning to 2019 where Aviation Turkey calamity, they committed rise even faster, given the service and related issues. magazine’s Editor in Chief, to improve fuel efficiency 2,100+aircraft that are The key takeaways from Ayse Akalın was also in by an average of 1.5% scheduled to be delivered the summits were “public participation. annually between 2009 once, the B737 Max returns and employee confidence In addition to the and 2020 and they are to service. in the B737 MAX is critical” opportunity to hear from achieving a 2.3% reduction and “mutual recognition of Gilberto Lopez Meyer, Senior Alexandre de Juniac, IATA’s as of 2019. He underlined the aircraft is critical not Vice President, Safety & Director General and CEO, that IATA supports $2.7 only for 737 MAX but for all Flight Operations, IATA this year’s event featured trillion in economic activity, future aircraft.” mentioned from January to an extended format that equivalent to 3.6 of global June 15, there were a total Industry steps up efforts includes a special focus GDP. of 20 accidents worldwide, against rogue lithium on Environment—one Brian Pearce, Chief of which 3 resulted in jet battery shipments of the top issues facing Economist of IATA delivered hull losses and1 turboprop the industry. The agenda Nick Careen, Senior a speech and mentioned hull loss. There was a total also included briefings on Vice President, Airport, that the strongest growth of 3 fatal accidents which 2020’s economic and traffic Passenger, Cargo and has been in the domestic accounted for 201 fatalities. outlook, aviation safety and Security took the floor and Chinese market with a 8.5% The first half of 2019 has security trends, disabled mentioned the biggest growth and other emerging seen the overall accident passengers, infrastructure security threat is Lithium markets such as Eastern rate decrease over 2018. and airline industry retailing, Batteries. He mentioned Europe and within Asia have Most regions experienced among other subjects. In that the IATA focused on grown 7-8% so far as of a decline while both Sub- addition, there was a deep that area via 3 initiatives; 2019. He also stated that the Saharan Africa and North dive into air cargo, which has a new incident reporting surge in aircraft deliveries America saw increases. a unique set of challenges in system, an industry will challenge capacity and the face of trade tensions He also stated that IATA awareness campaign on even if demand growth and tariff wars. held two 737 MAX summits the dangers of shipping undeclared and mis Alexandre de Juniac, declared lithium batteries Director General and CEO and the facilitation of of IATA delivered an opening a joined-up industry speech saying,” This year, approach. It is stated that over four-and-a-half billion much of the focus of the passengers and 61 million campaign is on the air tons of freight will travel cargo sector as lithium ion across a network of more batteries cannot be carried than 22,000 unique city

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devices and accessories Productivity (ATKs/ into passenger carry- employee) is expected on bags. He stated that © IATA to rise 2.9% over 2019 as cybersecurity is top of mind capacity growth picks in aviation and Airlines up. Unit labor cost ($/ and governments need to ATK) is expected to be continue work together to virtually flat at $0.12, as understand threats and better productivity offsets vulnerabilities. The IATA increasing wages. aims at building capacity, Passenger: Passenger improving efficiency and demand (RPKs) is expected driving optimization in to grow 4.1% in 2020, in security systems. Nick Careen - IATA's Senior Vice President line with 4.2% growth in “Dangerous goods, After a 2019). World trade growth 2019. In fact, this masks a including lithium batteries, GDP-growth-driven pick- Challenging year, is expected to rebound to are safe to transport if 3.3% from 0.9% in 2019, up since the underlying managed according to improvement as election year pressures growth rate fell to less than international regulations is expected in in the United States 4.0% in 2019. However, and standards. But we aviation for contribute to reduced whereas passenger are seeing an increase in 2020 trade tensions. Growth is capacity (ASKs) rose the number of incidents in supported by actions from 3.5% in 2019, it is forecast IATA forecasts that the which rogue shippers are central banks as well as to grow 4.7% in 2020 – global airline industry not complying. The industry easing fiscal policy. as aircraft deliveries rise is uniting to raise awareness will produce a net profit significantly, causing load of the need to comply. This of $29.3 billion in 2020, Fuel Costs: Slower-than- factors to slide to 82% includes the launching of an improved over a net profit expected global economic from 82.4% in 2019. This incident reporting tool so of $25.9 billion expected growth in 2019 contributed will maintain pressure on that information on rogue in 2019. Overall industry to lower energy demand, yields, which are expected shippers is shared. And we revenues are forecasted with crude oil prices to slide 1.5% after falling are asking governments to reach $87.2 billion and averaging around $65 per 3.0% in 2019. Passenger to get much tougher with passenger numbers are barrel (Brent), compared to revenues, excluding fines and penalties,” said expected to reach 4.72 $71.60 in 2018. Oil supply ancillaries, are expected to Nick Careen, IATA’s Senior billion with an average net is also plentiful, boosting reach $581 billion (up 2.5% Vice President, Airport, profit $6.20 per departing inventories. As a result, from $567 billion in 2019). Passenger, Cargo and passenger. Freight tons oil prices are expected to dip further in 2020 to Cargo: Cargo traffic Security. carried are expected to recover to 62.4 million, a $63 (Brent). Jet kerosene turned negative last year It is stated that 2.0% increase over 61.2 prices are also expected to for the first time since governments must also million tons carried in dip, averaging $75.60 per 2012. The 3.3% annual play their role with much 2019 which was the lowest barrel versus $77 per barrel decline in demand was the stricter enforcement of figure in three years. in 2019. The expected steepest drop since 2009 international regulations to industry fuel bill of $182 during the Global Financial ensure the safe transport of Performance billion will represent 22.1% Crisis. Freight carriage, these vital shipments. The of expenses, down from meanwhile, slipped to four trade associations drivers for $188 billion or 23.7% of 61.2 million tons from 63.3 urge regulators to follow 2020 expenses in 2019. million tons in 2018. Cargo through with significant traffic is expected to penalties for those who Economic Growth: GDP is Labor: Total employment rebound moderately with circumvent regulations forecasted to expand by by airlines is expected 2.0% growth in 2020, with for the transport of lithium 2.7% in 2020 (marginally to reach 2.95 million in tons forecast to reach 62.4 batteries. above the 2.5% growth in 2020, up 1.6% on 2019. million, which is still below

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the 2018 result. Yields will One ID- continue to slide with a “Seamless” © IATA 3.0% decline forecast for 2020, an improvement journey from a 5.0% decline in Nick Careen, Senior Vice 2019. Cargo revenues will President, Airport, Passenger, slip for a third year in 2020 Cargo and Security gave a with revenues expected to comprehensive information total $101.2 billion, down of IATA One ID concept. One 1.1% from 2019. ID introduces an opportunity Alexandre de Juniac - Director General and CEO of IATA for the passenger to further The 2020 average return enable passengers to arrive on this program and he said streamline their journey airfare is expected to be at the airport ready to fly in “While One ID presents a with a document-free $293 where air freight nearly every travel scenario. huge opportunity to smooth process based on identity rates are expected to be out the passenger journey, management and biometric Airlines/Airports: 1,66/kg. The number of more needs to be done to recognition. Passengers cost-effectiveness & unique city pairs served accommodate expected will be able to identify efficiency:One ID will by airlines is forecast to growth and evolving themselves at each airport improve staff productivity grow to 23,162 in 2020. The customer expectations. touchpoint through a simple by reducing time spent on value of trade carried will To address the challenges biometric recognition. The manual ID checks. It will also reach $7.1 trillion dollars, of future airports, we have objective is to achieve a provide real-time visibility up 5.1% over 2019. Airlines partnered with Airports truly interoperable system of where passengers are in are expected to contribute Council International (ACI) coordination between the airport process, possibly $136 billion to government to create the NEXTT or airports, airlines and allowing smart queuing. This coffers in tax revenues. New Experience Travel all will help optimize airport governments. Technologies initiative. European carriers are space efficiency. Ultimately In order to reduce repetitive Together we are exploring forecast to report a airlines will benefit from identity checks and create important changes in $7.9 billion net profit in all the passenger process a seamless flow, One technology and processes 2020 as airlines in the improvements with happy ID seeks to introduce a to improve the efficiency region benefit from the customers, which is likely to robust, integrated identity of what our customers opposite pattern of the translate into commercial management across the experience when traveling. developments expected in opportunities. end-to-end passenger This includes examining North America. Economic process that allows an Governments: enhanced options for increased off- growth is forecast to individual to assert their security: One ID will enable site processing, which pick up and, as a result identity online or in person. improvements in border, could reduce or even of substantial cuts in aviation and airport eliminate queues. We are expansion plans, capacity Passengers: seamless infrastructure security. It also looking at employing growth is expected to experience with one single will help combat human artificial intelligence and be moderate, helping identification: One ID will trafficking and other cross- robotics to more efficiently to improve the supply- provide a “seamless” journey border criminal activities by use space and resources. demand balance. The net and improve the overall reducing the possibility for A further crucial element profit per passenger is passenger experience. individuals to cross borders is improving data sharing expected to $6.40. This Passengers will no longer under a false identity. among stakeholders”. relatively good aggregate need to juggle between performance for the different documents. With NEXTT- New After his brief information at region hides a long list of a single identification, they Experience Travel the opening speech, Anne airlines just breaking even will be easily recognized by Technologies Carnall, Program Manager, or making losses, which is all service providers. This Future Airports talked about why there were a series of will eliminate repetitive Alexandre de Juniac, Director the program. European airline failures General and CEO of IATA processes, resulting in less NEXTT (New Experience in 2019. underlined their approach queuing. Ultimately, it will Travel Technologies), is

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a joint initiative by IATA and Airports Council Turkish Airlines International that creates and Pegasus a common vision for the Airlines joined future of air transport. 25by2025, IATA’s The vision of NEXTT is to Gender Balance improve and streamline travel journey elements Campaign at the airport and beyond At the afternoon session by means of coordinating of IATA Global media days the adoption of new and event, Jane Hoskisson emerging technologies. Director, Learning & This shared vision examines Development made a the elements that will likely speech on about the 25 transform the complete end- by 2025 program. to-end journey over the next 25by2025 is a global 20 years. Global passenger initiative to change and cargo volumes are © IATA gender balance within both expected to double Jane Hoskisson - Director, Learning & Development the aviation industry as in the next 20 years. If the an initial step to making industry approach remains annual update, will followed by Asia-Pacific the aviation industry fundamentally the same increase the number (10), the Americas (7) and more gender balanced. as today, capacity will not of women in top senior Africa & Middle East (6). 25by2025 is a voluntary match the predicted pace positions, participating campaign for IATA The next phase of the of growth, highlighting the at events, panels and member airlines to improve campaign will focus on need for a unified approach conferences to and female representation in collecting data on the to airport infrastructure appointed to IATA the industry by 25%, or key areas signatories and operational efficiency governance roles to a up to a minimum of 25% have committed to: improvements. Ensuring minimum of 25%. by 2025. the number of women that all who need and wish Initially 3 airlines; Qatar in senior positions (as to travel can do so, and Within the campaign, Airways, Lufthansa and defined by the airline), that goods are delivered the airlines will report China Eastern joined to the number of women in faster and with greater annually on key diversity the program in September underrepresented areas predictability, requires metrics, increase the 2019. As of December 2019, within the airline (e.g., industry transformation number of women in 59 airlines covering Turkish Pilots, Maintenance & which makes best use of senior positions and Airlines and Pegasus Engineering), and the new technologies. under-represented areas Airlines have joined the number of nominations and female nominations Objectives are to create campaign which seeks to and appointments to from their airlines for industry level consensus address gender balance IATA governance groups. IATA governance roles of the concepts for future in civil aviation. These 59 IATA is also measuring and to a minimum of 25% airports, to determine airlines that have currently reporting on the number of and work with IATA to R&D, standardization or committed to 25by2025 women in senior positions, increase the number of regulatory developments represent 30.24% and the number of women women appointed to IATA needs and to roll-out work of passenger traffic, represented in industry governance roles to a streams to facilitate making covering both traditional meetings. The findings minimum of 25%. the concepts a reality and low-cost airlines. The will be shared during IATA’s NEXTT provides a vision IATA commits to create initiative has resonated Annual General Meeting rather than a project and will a forum for sharing best around the globe, with and Air Transport Summit not create a single product practices and collate signatories coming from in Amsterdam in June to be deployed at airports. industry metrics in an all continents; Europe (36), 2020. ARTICLE

the lifetime of the scheme. But global goodwill towards

© IATA implementing CORSIA is being compromised by governments introducing a patchwork of carbon taxes. A series of decisions or proposals have been made in recent months to levy air passenger taxes, including in France, Germany, the Netherlands and Switzerland.

“Taxation aimed at stopping people from exercising their Airlines have invested Carbon emissions Alternative freedom to fly will make some $1 trillion in per passenger measures are travel more expensive but new aircraft since do very little to reduce have decreased 2009, and in addition inefficient and emissions. It is a politician’s more than 50% have signed forward fail to cut carbon feel-good solution, without since 1990 purchase agreements Analysis from IATA shows taking responsibility for the for sustainable aviation Much of the improvement that efforts to deliberately negative impact it has on fuel (SAF) amounting to has occurred because suppress air travel through the economy or the mobility approximately $6 billion. In the industry has achieved punitive passenger taxes restrictions it imposes on addition, the introduction an annual fuel efficiency are inefficient and largely people with lower incomes,” of the Carbon Offsetting improvement of 2.3% over ineffective at reducing said de Juniac. and Reduction Scheme the period since 2009, some carbon. for International Aviation Long-term, aviation is 0.8 percentage points ahead (CORSIA) will ensure The CORSIA scheme’s aiming to reduce emissions of target. carbon-neutral growth on effectiveness lies in its with cleaner technology. This progress is a international flights from global scope. It is estimated This will require a financially combination of investments 2020 and raise around $40 it will reduce emissions by sound airline sector capable in more efficient aircraft and billion in climate finance. around 2.5 billion tons over of funding the significant operational efficiencies. investments that will be needed to make flying “Cutting per passenger sustainable. emissions in half is an amazing achievement of the technical “Governments must focus expertise and innovation in their efforts correctly. Flying the aviation industry. But we drives prosperity. It is not have even bigger ambitions. the enemy. Cutting carbon From 2020 we will cap net must at the forefront. And emissions. And by 2050 we government leadership will cut emissions to half 2005 is needed to incentivize levels. Accomplishing these the commercialization of targets means continued sustainable aviation fuels, investment in new technology, drive efficiencies in air sustainable fuels, and traffic management and operational improvements,” support research into next said Alexandre de Juniac,

IATA’s Director General and Alexandre de Juniac met with Ayşe Akalın at IATA's Annual energy sources,” said de CEO. Global Media Day Juniac

REPORT

The International Air underperformance was is too early to say what are in unknown territory Transport Association also due in particular to long-term effects will be with respect to the (IATA) released full-year slowing GDP growth in seen from the impact of eventual impact of the 2019 data for global air manufacturing-intensive restrictions associated coronavirus on the global freight markets showing economies. Softer with combatting the economy. With all the that demand, measured business and consumer coronavirus outbreak. restrictions being put in in freight ton kilometers confidence, along with place, it will certainly be a “Trade tensions are at the (FTKs), fell by 3.3% falling export orders, also drag on economic growth. root of the worst year for compared to 2018 while contributed to air freight And, for sure, 2020 will be air cargo since the end of capacity (AFTK) rose by struggles. another challenging year the Global Financial Crisis 2.1%. This was the first for the air cargo business,” There are signs that in 2009. While these are year of declining freight said Alexandre de Juniac, confidence and orders easing, there is little relief volumes since 2012, and IATA’s Director General could pick up in 2020. It in that good news as we the weakest performance and CEO. since the global financial crisis in 2009 (when December 2019 World share1 FTK AFTK FLF (%-pt)2 FLF (level)3 air freight markets (% year-on-year) contracted by 9.7%). Total Market 100.0% -2.7% 2.8% -2.7% 46.7% In the month of December, Africa 1.8% 10.3% 10.0% 0.1% 36.8% cargo volumes contracted 2.7% year-on-year while Asia Pacific 34.6% -3.5% 2.8% -3.4% 51.9% capacity rose 2.8%. Europe 23.7% -1.1% 4.9% -3.2% 53.0% Latin America 2.8% -5.3% -3.1% -0.7% 30.0% Air cargo’s performance in 2019 was dampened Middle East 13.0% -3.4% 1.9% -2.6% 47.0% by weak growth in North America 24.2% -3.4% 2.1% -2.2% 39.5% global trade of just 1 % of industry FTKs in 2019 2 Year-on-year change in load factor 3 Load factor level 0.9%. The sector’s

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Regional performance All markets except Africa suffered volume declines in 2019. Asia-Pacific retained the largest share of FTKs, at 34.6%. The share of freight traffic increased modestly for both North America and Europe, to 24.2% and 23.7%, respectively. Middle East carriers’ traffic share held steady at 13%. Africa and latter part of the year This contributed to an 0.4%, social unrest and Latin America saw their have been factors in the annual result of a decline economic difficulties in shares lift marginally, to decline. The 5.6% fall in in demand of 4.8% in 2019 several key countries led to 1.8% and 2.8%. international year-on- – the second greatest the weakest international Asia-Pacific carriers year volumes in December decline in growth rate of FTK outcome since 2015. in December posted a was the weakest monthly all the regions. Annual Annual capacity increased decrease in demand of growth outcome for the capacity increased just 4.7%. 3.5% compared to the region since early 2016. 0.7%. Disruption to global African carriers’ saw same period a year earlier. supply chains and weak European airlines freight demand increase Capacity increased by global trade, together experienced a 1.1% year- by 10.3% in December 2.8%. The full-year 2019 with airline restructuring on-year decrease in freight 2019, compared to the saw volumes decline 5.7%, in the region, were the demand in December, with same month in 2018. the largest decrease of chief drivers of the weaker a capacity rise of 4.9%. This was reflected in the any region, while capacity freight outcome. The fall in December was strong 2019 full-year increased by 1.1%. As the typical of the performance Latin American airlines performance, which saw world’s main manufacturing for 2019 as a whole, where suffered the sharpest fall Africa freight volumes region, international trade volumes fell 1.8%, but in demand of any region expand 7.4%. Capacity in tensions and the global capacity increased by 3.4%. in December, of 5.3%. The December grew by 10% growth slowdown weighed Softer activity, including region was also the only and for 2019 in total, heavily on regional air in the manufacturing- one to see a reduction in increased by 13.3%. Over freight volumes in 2019. intensive German capacity (-3.1%). Although the year, air cargo volumes Within-Asia FTKs were economy, combined the region was the second have been supported by particularly affected (down with ongoing Brexit strongest performer across strong capacity growth 8% compared to a year uncertainty, contributed 2019 as a whole, limiting its and investment linkages ago). to the 2019 result, which decline in volumes to just with Asia. North American airlines in international freight saw volumes fall by 3.4% in volume terms was the December, while capacity weakest since 2012. grew by 2.1%. For 2019 in Middle Eastern carriers’ total, the region’s cargo freight volumes decreased volumes declined by 1.5%, 3.4% year-on-year in compared to a capacity December and capacity increase of 1.6%. Trade increased by just 1.9%, tensions and cooling US the lowest of any region. economic activity in the

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Istanbul Airport – Cargo City © IGA

Melih Mengü - Advisor to CEO, IGA Istanbul, with its strategic business management location in the crossroads that regulates cargo of east and west, is able transportation, services to further contribute to and infrastructure. With Turkey's economy in terms the completion of the of aviation operations. facilities of Turkish Cargo Based on this idea, the and the closure of Atatürk construction activities Airport to cargo airline of Istanbul Airport were flights, Istanbul Airport initiated in order to benefit will come to the forefront from the geographical more within the country which are domestic and 250 as cargo airlines and airport location of Istanbul more and abroad with its superior of which are international, stakeholders. effectively and to meet the cargo services. (133 of which are 3-hour needs of our rapidly growing Having hosted many Turkey’s unique destinations) in a total of flagship THY. The need for a civilizations for centuries, geographical location 120 countries (60 of which new airport emerged based Istanbul, one of the world's within a distance of just are capitals). The addition of on the fact that the existing leading trade centers due a 5-hour flight from long-haul flights with wide- capacity of Ataturk Airport to its unique location, has Europe, Middle East, Asia, bodied aircraft and flights had become insufficient to become one of the most Northern Eastern Europe to over 200 destinations keep pace with the growth important metropolises in and its characteristic as a with narrow-bodied aircraft of Turkey's aviation activity. the world today thanks to its natural hub between the will contribute greatly to ever-growing economy and The tender for Istanbul continents of Asia, Africa, Turkey's passenger and expanding flight network. Airport was realized in 2013 Europe and the Americas cargo potential. With Istanbul Airport - Cargo and the site delivery to IGA, has been increasing the the inclusion of transit City, with its geographical the successful bidder, was strategic importance passenger and cargo location and high standards made in May 2015. Istanbul of cargo and logistics activities in all these of security and efficiency Airport, which is Turkey’s operations. As of today, operations, Istanbul Airport services, is expected to largest infrastructure Istanbul Airport provides will start to become a very be an important part of construction project, was transportation activities efficient connection point the economic growth of completed in a record to 300 destinations, 52 of for Turkish Airlines, as well period of 42 months, and Master Plan & All Phases was opened by President Recep Tayyip Erdogan with a grand ceremony on October 29, 2018.

So far, Istanbul Airport has been on the agenda with its passenger-based features such as the number of passengers, bridges, passport counters, check-in counters, but on the other hand it has considerable potential with its autonomous, smart

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Istanbul and at the same time to become one of the most important air cargo and logistics centers for Eastern Europe, Middle East and Central Asia.

In particular, it is important to mention that the provision of fast, uninterrupted, safe and comfortable transportation and connections to and from the airport is necessary in order for the Public Institutions have offices and customs Istanbul Airport to become Exceptional been gathered in the same officers providing cargo, a reputable hub and to infrastructure location. Most importantly, fast courier-mail, logistics, ensure the sustainability cargo activities have also and temporary storage and operational of the economic growth. been initiated with this services. Specifically, there efficiency In this context, in addition business model. The first are cold chain warehouses to the multi-transport Cargo City is located phase of Istanbul Airport - on 9,000 m2, valuable and infrastructure as well between the 1st and 2nd Cargo City was established fragile goods warehouses, as airway and highway runways, at the west of on 1.4 million m2, and as of and live animal storage connections to Istanbul the terminal building. The its official launch date, the areas on 5,000 m2. The Airport, plans have been Aircraft Maintenance cargo handling capacity business model of the made to connect the Hangars and the Air Traffic was 1.5 million tons and airport operator IGA has railways within the next Control Tower are located the target in 2021 was planned for the allocation five years. When all the in the north of this area, determined as 5.5 million of space for all public phases of this investment and all the structures were tons, and all plans were buildings, especially the are completed, Istanbul established towards the designed in this direction. Customs building, the Airport - Cargo City will south. The main purpose agency building free be amongst the top five Many activities have in this planning was to be warehouses apart from the airports in the world with been launched by local able to bring cargo aircraft all buildings and to support its qualified management and foreign companies at to the parking position the stakeholders in carrying capability and operational Istanbul Airport - Cargo within a short time and out their own operations. structure. City, such as agency to immediately departed cargo aircraft after The planning of Istanbul Airport – Cargo City was made considering the needs of the air cargo industry and the examples of the cargo cities in the world, and within the framework of the master plan, the operations of Air Cargo Carriers, Bonded and Duty- Free Warehouses, Ground Handling Companies, Cargo Agencies, Cargo Shipping Companies, Courier Companies and

17 AIR CARGO

completing cargo handling operations. In this context, Cargo City is located in the north-south direction, and the warehouses and other buildings are located next to the runways in the east and west from the area where the city was first entered. In the area in front of the warehouses, trucks are able to park on loading-unloading ramps established in close proximity to the inside of the warehouses with a distance of less than 50 meters from parked cargo aircraft. cargo city between the 3rd while passenger flights are to Turkey's economy. Cargo pallets under and 4th runways, such as at an average frequency of Most importantly, passenger aircraft that are between the 1st and 2nd 1,300 per day. At the end Istanbul Airport is a major parked in lots close to the runway. of the 10-month period competitor of Hong- terminal and passenger following the launch, Kong, Memphis, Dubai walkways are transported Istanbul Airport approximately 60% of and Frankfurt airports by ground handling flight operations the total cargo volume in terms of volume and companies to various The operations of cargo of Ataturk Airport and operations with its Cargo warehouses at Cargo City aircraft at Istanbul Airport Istanbul Airport had been Airline Parking capacity. via 3 different tunnels on - Cargo City launched made through Istanbul With the activation of the apron. The cargo on April 10, 2019, and Airport. other phases of Cargo City, handling process has been as of today, 74 airlines the commissioning of new considerably facilitated by It is planned that the carrying cargoes onboard runways and the increase the air cargo carriers' own facilities of DHL Express passenger aircraft, as in flight frequencies, aircraft parking positions will become operational by well as 9 cargo airlines Istanbul Airport Cargo in front of the warehouses. the end of 2020 and the including Turkish Cargo, City is expected to reach At Cargo City, where more new terminal of Turkish MNG, Lufthansa, Qatar, a 5.5-million-ton cargo than 29 wide-bodied cargo Cargo will be operational SilkWay, Egypt Air, Atlas handling capacity. aircraft can take parking by March 2021. DHL, UPS Air, ASL Airlines (FedEx) positions simultaneously, and FedEx plan to conduct With its smart facilities and Uzbekistan Air have parking positions are their Eurasia operations and buildings equipped been performing activities, located right in front via Istanbul Airport, which with cutting-edge and 4 of which are cargo of the warehouses. The is a natural hub due to its technology and due to the airline companies that did efficient and effective geostrategic location in autonomous and smart not fly to Atatürk Airport operational infrastructure the middle of Europe, Asia business management previously. In addition, 11 also facilitates access to and Africa. model, Istanbul Airport passenger airlines have passenger terminals and will start to reap the fruits started to fly to Istanbul Istanbul Airport Cargo remote parking lots from of its investment in the for the first time with the City, with an area of 1.4 these locations. With the concept of future airports launch of Istanbul Airport. million square meters and a completion of the 4th and will rapidly become Monthly cargo flights are cargo handling capacity of runway, it will be possible one of the leading players realized at an average 1.5 million tons will provide to establish a second in the aviation industry frequency of 110-120, a significant contribution

year and was published On June 21, 2018, President the workers, was first as 100.1 million, while the Recep Tayyip Erdoğan postponed to December number of international made the first flight to the 31, 2018 and then it was passengers increased by airport, which was built by announced that a gradual 11.4% and reached 108.7 IGA (Istanbul Grand Airport) transition process would million. Let’s have closer which is a consortium of 5 be followed as the flag by Muhammed Yılmaz look at the highlights of companies. The airport carrier, Turkish Airlines the 2019 status reports of will be operated by the this started conducting several In 2019, globally 1,303 the airports in our country. consortium throughout a domestic and international airlines conducted 25-year period. The first flights from Istanbul Airport. operations with 31,717 Istanbul phase of the airport was Later, the date of the great aircraft in their fleet Airport planned to be inaugurated move was revised to take between 3,759 airports, on October 29, 2018, with place on March 3, then it and approximately 4.5 opens its two runways and a terminal was adjusted to April 6, billion people traveled doors! with a capacity of 90 million 2019. by plane. The airports in passengers per year. Finally, the great move, Turkey hosted 209 million 2019 will be remembered The move to the airport, which was referred to as passengers, including as the beginning of a new which was constructed “the big bang” and was transit passengers in 2019. era in Turkish aviation. under the shadow of many scheduled to last 45 hours, Istanbul Airport was Increasing fuel prices and debates and discussions was successfully completed tendered as the biggest the negative effect of such as the name of in a shorter duration than project in the history of instability and the upward the airport, its location, expected (33 hours) and the Republic of Turkey trend in exchange rates predominant wind Istanbul Airport officially on May 3, 2013, valued had a direct impact on directions in the region, started its activities with at € 22,152 billion. The domestic flights and the its proximity to Bulgarian the IST code. construction activities number of passengers. airspace, whether it is on were initiated on June 7, During the great move, In Turkey, the number of the bird migration path, 2014 and it was launched where more than 1,800 domestic passengers the environmental impact with full capacity on April employees were on task and decreased by 11.3% assessment report, the 6, 2019. took charge, nearly 47,300 compared to the previous working conditions of

20 AIRPORTS

tons of materials were transported from Atatürk Airport to Istanbul Airport. The trucks carrying these loads covered a total of 400 thousand kilometers during the impressive operation, in other words, the trucks traveled an equivalent of 10 times around the world during the great move.

The last passenger flight © IGA from Ataturk Airport was İstanbul Airport made by Turkish Airlines on April 6 at 02:00 between taxi times, the length of side of Istanbul and has beyond expectations Istanbul and Singapore and the walkways inside the continued its growth by providing services to then Atatürk Airport, where terminal and the lack of the throughout 2019. The regions in its hinterland. the foundations of Turkish rail system from the city foundations of the airport aviation were laid, and Sabiha Gökçen Airport center. The airport ended which were laid in 1998 and was closed to commercial wrapped up 2019 with a the year 2019 with a total officially launched in 2001, passenger flights. total number of 35.4 million of 52.5 million passengers, a record increase in the passengers, 21.4 million of The first flight after moving 12.7 million of which were number of passengers and which were domestic and to Istanbul Airport was domestic passengers and flight traffic was achieved 14 million were international. made between Istanbul 39.8 million international in 2019 especially thanks These figures made Sabiha and Ankara; just like it was passengers. 73 airlines to Pegasus Airlines' upward Gökçen Airport number with Atatürk Airport 86 conducted flights in Istanbul growth trend in the aviation one in Turkey in terms of years ago (it was called Airport and the target was industry, in particular areas the number of domestic Yeşilköy Airport in those set to exceed 80 airlines in such as the steps taken for passengers and number days). Onur Air was the 2020. the development of the three in terms of the total first private airline that Turkish aviation industry, as Kadri Samsunlu who CEO number of passengers. landed at Istanbul Airport well as meeting demands of IGA announced that the and Oman Air was the first 3rd runway will be put into international airline. Etihad service on June 18, 2020 Airways’ Airbus A330, which will reduce the taxi which made the Abu Dhabi- times that passengers Düsseldorf flight, became have complained about. In the first aircraft to diverted the last quarter of 2020, to Istanbul Airport. the Istanbul Airport metro is also planned to be put into 2020 service. forecast Record growth at for Istanbul Sabiha Gökçen Airport Airport and construction After the launch at full capacity, Istanbul Airport of the second continued operations runway under the shadow of various Sabiha Gökçen Airport is discussions such as long located on the Anatolian

21 AIRPORTS

Sabiha Gökçen Airport

indicate that the 2020 flights from/to Sabiha However, 2020 did not start Airport was built from performance of the airport Gökçen Airport to Anadolu well for Sabiha Gökçen scratch during this period is likely to fall slightly. On Jet which trade mark of Airport. On January 7, the further increases question the other hand, we need Turkish Airlines. Boeing 737 of Pegasus marks. to note that the Defense Airlines flying from Sharjah The announcement Industry Presidency shared The most skid off the runway and the made by the Directorate a comment with the airport was closed to all punctual General of Civil Aviation, public at the 2019 press flights for about 24 hours. airport with “Due to the ongoing conference stating that This was followed by an maintenance activities the construction of the only one accident of the Boeing and traffic intensity, Sabiha Gökçen Airport’s 737 belonging to Pegasus runway! additional frequency/new 2nd Runway is expected Airlines flying from Izmir flight permit applications to be completed and the Reaching 35 million on February 5 due to a other than domestic/ construction of the new passengers annually with runway excursion. Even international, scheduled/ terminal building will be a single runway, Sabiha though these two incidents non-scheduled, periodic/ initiated in 2020. Gökçen Airport also bring up many discussions individual flight permits achieved a surprising about the airport, the Another surprise decision to Istanbul Sabiha Gökçen achievement. In the Airport most prominent detail is for Sabiha Gökçen Airport Airport will not be evaluated Punctuality Report issued that the second runway at in 2020 was from Turkish by our Directorate by the UK based research the airport has not been Airlines. The airline made General at this stage.”, company OAG, which completed yet. the decision to transfer all this statement seems to tracks timely departure domestic and international The sole runway, which was performance of operations referred to as 'fatigued ' by at airports, Istanbul Sabiha the Minister of Transport Gökçen Airport managed Cahit Turan following the to reach the top of the list accident which resulted with its 83.42% on-time in the interruption of all take-off performance flights for hours, the non- rate in the airport category stop daily flight operations with an annual passenger continued due to devoted number between 20 and overhaul staff operations 30 million. Minneapolis within limited time at night. and Detroit airports from the U.S. followed Sabiha The non-completion of Gökçen Airport. Miami, the 2nd runway, which was Doha, Houston, Las Vegas, tendered back in 2014 Tokyo Narita, Rome, Vienna, and was planned to be Boston, Sydney and Zurich constructed in 2015, is a airports took part in the matter of debate. Moreover, top 20 list as well. It was the fact that Istanbul considered to be a big

22 AIRPORTS

surprise that the airport, Antalya Airport is expected Dalaman and Milas Bodrum total passenger traffic which is the constantly to increase in the upcoming Airports were amongst the including direct transit criticized by passengers for period. few airports that achieved passengers in January was flight delays was chosen as an increase in the total recorded as 13,952,310. Ankara Esenboğa Airport, the “most punctual airport”. number of passengers which ranked 5th after Considering that the This is a noted success compared to the previous Istanbul Airport, Sabiha number of domestic well because the airport year. The airports, which Gökçen, Antalya and passengers was 8,579,242 manages flight traffic suffered greatly from Atatürk Airports with and international extraordinarily with a single shrinkage in the domestic 13.6 million passengers in passengers was 5,469,813 runway. flight market in Turkish terms of total number of during the same period aviation, managed to passengers, suffered from of 2019, it is possible to Antalya Airport balance this loss with an a serious loss of 21% in forecast that the downward continues growth increase in the number of domestic flights in 2019 trend in the number of international passengers. Antalya Airport is one of and hosted only 11.4 million domestic passengers and While Dalaman Airport the most-visited touristic passengers. Even if it the rise in international closed in 2019 with a total cities in the world and has increased its international passengers will continue in of 4.9 million passengers, been increasing its number passengers by 1% to 2.3 2020. 3.3 million of which were of passengers each year. million, it could not manage international flights, Milas It is also possible to make The airport concluded 2019 to avoid an 18% decrease Bodrum Airport achieved the same analysis regarding with 7 million domestic and in the total number of a yearend total number the number of passengers at 28.6 million international passengers compared to of 4.3 million passengers, Istanbul Airport. In January passengers. With these the previous year. figures, it reached the 1.9 million of which were 2020, Istanbul Airport, achievement of becoming Izmir Adnan Menderes international passengers. which is our country’s Turkey's 2nd largest Airport ranked just after most important gateway airport in terms of both Ankara Esenboğa Airport How did abroad, served a total international flights and the and hosted 12.4 million our airports of 5,276,260 passengers, total number of passengers. passengers in 2019. This 1,263,808 of which were airport also went through begin 2020? domestic passengers and In parallel with the a considerable decline in 4,012,452 were international According to the aircraft, increase in the number the number of domestic passengers. When the passenger and load of tourists visiting the passengers compared to number of passengers statistics of the General city, the tender process 2018. Although the airport of Atatürk Airport and Directorate of State for the expansion of the hosted only 9 million Istanbul Airport were Airports Authority for terminal and new additional domestic passengers in considered together in January 2020, domestic investments related to 2019 with a 15% loss, it saw the same period of 2019, passenger traffic at airports increasing the airport’s an increase in the number the number of domestic with service across Turkey capacity are going on. As of international passengers passengers was recorded as was recorded as 7,799,042, a consequence of these by 22% reaching 3.3 million 1.46 million and the number and international passenger positive advancements, the passengers. of international passengers traffic was 6,131,774. Thus, number of passengers at was 3.75 million © TAV © TAV

Ankara Esenboğa Airport

23 INTERVIEW 24

Jetex – Ready to Take Private Aviation in Turkey to New Heights

In this issue, we are proud to share an interview by Ayşe Akalın, Editor in Chief of Aviation Turkey Magazine, with Adel Mardini, Jetex President & CEO about his career and his company, Jetex Flight Support.

25 INTERVIEW

One of the global leaders in executive aviation, Jetex is recognized for delivering flexible, best- in-class flight support solutions to customers worldwide. Jetex provides exceptional FBOs, aircraft fueling, ground handling and global trip planning. The company caters to an elite clientele including owners and operators of business jets for corporate, commercial airport terminal and idea of Jetex came from. with 3 prestigious awards. and personal air travel. aircraft. I enjoyed the job In 2005 I launched my And earlier in 2019, Jetex and that’s how my interest Ayşe Akalın: Mr. company Jetex in Dubai was granted five-star in aviation started. Mardini, can you briefly and made the official ratings by the Global share a bit about who you Ayşe Akalın: What announcement at the Star Rating System for are, your background and was the catalyst for the European Business Services for the company’s what sparked your interest formation of Jetex, can Aviation Convention and FBOs in Paris and in Dubai. in aviation? you tell us about how the Exhibition (EBACE) in May This recognition makes Adel Mardini: I'am a company was formed? of that year. Jetex the first FBO brand to receive a 5-star rating. Damascus-born Turkish- Adel Mardini: I often Ayşe Akalın: What national businessman, heard passengers and can you say about Jetex is also certified by the descendant of a crew complain about the Jetex‘s current aviation both Safety 1st and the Turkish father and a Syrian lack of adequate service capabilities and the latest International Standard mother. especially when flying on developments so far? for Business Aircraft private jets, so I quickly Handling (IS-BAH) in both In my early days, I worked Adel Mardini: Jetex realized there was a gap France and the Middle at Damascus International initially started as a trip in the service chain and East proving that service Airport where I was support company and saw an opportunity to fill quality and safety are of transporting passengers after 4 years of strategic that gap. That’s where the paramount importance and crew between the planning, research and for us. networking, we launched our first FBO at the Paris’ With Jetex I have sought Le Bourget Airport. to create a new concept of customer experience We then added other FBOs in business aviation. in Dubai, Muscat, Rome, Traditionally, FBOs were Abidjan, and Marrakech regarded as no more than to name a few and we a gas station for aircraft continue to expand our and a booth to clear network by constantly customs & immigration. adding new locations and Much to Jetex’s credit, entering new territories. the new FBO concept In 2019, in recognition of includes full amenities for Jetex’s achievements, relaxation and comfort, World Travel Awards an entertainment lounge, © Jetex Adel Mardini and Ayşe Akalın honored the company and exercise equipment.

26 INTERVIEW

chance of winning the first FBO license in Turkey.

Ayşe Akalın: Do you have any plans for a business visit to Turkey in 2020?

Adel Mardini: We plan on participating in the Istanbul Air Show in 2020 and bring a HondaJet for a static display. We’ve also participated in the 2018 © Jetex edition of the Istanbul Air The customer experience Ayşe Akalın: What Turkey and Turkish aviators Show and had a reserved we provide extends beyond do you envision as far regarding meeting your chalet and a HondaJet at greeting the customers at as projections regarding plans and expectations in the static display. our luxurious terminals. Jetex’s future activities the future? The Turkish market has with Turkey? We provide a full spectrum Adel Mardini: The only great potential for growth of arrangements ranging Adel Mardini: Turkey is one hindrance for our expansion and naturally we wish for from helicopter tours, of the prominent markets into Turkey is the restriction Jetex to be a part of that yacht cruises, villa booking in the region. There are on FBO concessions. growth. and more. more than 110 registered We hope that Atatürk Ayşe Akalın: Is there aircraft in the country Ayşe Akalın: What Airport can be dedicated anything you would like to and Istanbul’s strategic would you like to share to serving general add? location boasts 3 airports. about Jetex‘s Dubai aviation and that the Adel Mardini: We hope Airshow performance? Ayşe Akalın: How did Turkish government would 2020 will be a good and Jetex become interested pass regulations for the Adel Mardini: For the third prosperous year for in Turkish aviation? activities of FBO providers consecutive time, Jetex business aviation in Turkey and to run an official tender was the appointed as the Adel Mardini: Jetex is and around the world. for FBO concessions official FBO handler for the currently the official dealer Ayşe Akalın: Thank where FBO-specialized 2019 Dubai Air Show. of the HondaJet aircraft you for sharing your time companies from around in the Middle East, Turkey with us, Aviation Turkey. We We handled more than 125 the world can compete to and Pakistan. hope to visit and see more aircraft and were happy to win an FBO license. If that Jetex facilities around the contribute to the success Ayşe Akalın: What were to happen, we believe world, soon of the show. are your expectations from Jetex has a very strong

We are grateful to the show organizers and the airport authority for giving © Jetex us this trust.

Having been appointed as the official handler in 2015, 2017 and 2019, it echos the satisfaction of the exhibitor operators and the show organizers and their trust in Jetex’s capabilities.

27 Aircraft Seating Market Heating Up! by Muhammed Yılmaz

According to the passenger aircraft seating (Germany), HAECO North America, Europe International Air Transport market will see an average Americas (USA), Lufthansa and Asia Pacific regions. Association (IATA), the annual growth rate of 9% Technik (Germany) and These features are strong number of passengers during 2020-2024. This Stelia Aerospace (France) enough to make them the traveling by air will reach means the market will grow stand out as the major most demanded companies 7.2 billion by 2035. This approximately by US$ 4.7 actors in the commercial in the overall market. means that the number billion dollars within the passenger aircraft seating of passengers today will specified period. Based market. Why is the increase by nearly 60% upon these forecasts’ aircraft seating These manufacturers have in the next 15 years. The experts anticipate that market growing? gained considerable power increase in demand is market volume will reach an in the market due to their There are several main expected largely from exceptional level of nearly varied product range from reasons for the growth in the Asia-Pacific region, US$ 13.5 billion dollars in economy class to first class. the seating market. While especially India and China. 2026. These companies also have the increase in demand for According to Boeing's The global upward trend in well-equipped production comfort and luxury in air future projections, over air travel is a key factor that facilities and very effective travel stands out as the 39,000 new aircraft will be also triggers the growth of distribution networks in most important reason, the demanded over the next 20 the seating market. This years, and about 15,000 of increase in demand for this demand will be from air travel is attributed to the Asia-Pacific region. the rapid growth of the Therefore, as the number urban middle class of the of passengers and aircraft worldwide. According to increases, airlines will try to the Brookings Institute, the make travel as comfortable number of people in the as possible, especially for urban middle class globally those traveling in economy will reach 5.4 billion by 2030. class. Zodiac Aerospace-Safran In light of these two key (France), B/E Aerospace- estimates regarding the Rockwell Collins, Inc.

market, analysts expect © RECARO Aircraft (USA), Geven S.p.A. (Italy), that the commercial RECARO Business Class Seat RECARO Aircraft Seating

28 CABIN INTERIOR

increase in the rate of use of Which region will new generation innovative dominate the materials is another important factor. Materials seating market? such as composites in the In the commercial aircraft design and manufacturing seating market, North processes of aircraft seats America generated also are another important revenue worth US$ 2.7 detail in the growth of the billion in 2017 and has global commercial aircraft been dominating the seating market. market for a long time. As © Aerospace Stelia for many components of It is possible to define Stelia Aerospace - OPAL Business Class Seat the aviation industry, the economy class in an aircraft placed 21-inch wide seats developments in after- Asia Pacific region stands as an area of opportunity in their Premium economy sales services stand out as out as the region that will where airline companies cabins and increased the main factors impacting make the greatest leap often strive to place more passenger comfort. the growth of the market. in the seating market in seats in the cabin in order According to analysts, these the next 20 years. Market to increase profits, but in On the other hand, there developments lead to new growth in this region doing so some comfort are various factors that business opportunities that will be largely due to the standards are inevitably negatively impact potential could bring serious profits. increase in passenger reduced such as seat pitch growth in the seating traffic in countries such and legroom. The in-flight Factors affecting market. as India, China, Japan entertainment system is the development These include; the and Indonesia. Airlines not available in the overall of the seating limitations caused by in this region have been aircraft for most passengers regulations in developing witnessing significant traveling in this class. market economies, bureaucratic growth in the domestic Therefore, many airlines Areas such as the global procedures created by travel market, particularly today aim to increase the increase in the number certification processes, in the last decade. comfort level in economy of passengers and flight and the decrease in Emerging markets need class by offering wider knee traffic, the increase in airline companies' profit new aircraft to meet space and legroom as well aircraft deliveries to margins for many reasons. rapidly growing air traffic as better entertainment airlines, the increase in Additionally, there is an demand. Therefore, while system options. focus on the sensitivity expectation by airlines to new airlines start their of cabin improvements Qantas, for example, limit the market growth operations in developing in existing aircraft, cabin recently replaced seats with of in-flight entertainment economies such as modifications, seat a reclining mechanism for systems and mobile India and China, where changes, maintenance more comfortable sleep connections. passenger traffic has of aircraft seats, and the in the economy class of increased above the its A380 fleet. You can average growth rate, considerably increase the considerable seat demand comfort of your travel when has also emerged for these you move the bottom of the airlines in their aircraft. seat forward and tilt the On the other hand, back (to the extent possible). the figures show that Similarly, Virgin Atlantic travelling in the business renewed the seats of the class cabin has increased Boeing 747 aircraft flying in recent years and this from Glasgow, Manchester increase will continue in and London in the Premium the upcoming period. A economy cabin. The airline Virgin Atlantic B747 Premium Class Seat

29 CABIN INTERIOR

serious demand increase introduced thinner seats in aircraft. Singapore Airlines countries can be shown to the North American the cabin, made from mesh has started work in order as the reason for this region is expected in the fiber for extra legroom for to reduce the number of growth. Low-cost airlines next 10 years, which is the passengers. first-class seats in A380s tend to procure narrow- locomotive of the sector and increase the number body aircraft due to also for the business class The highest of Premium economy short-haul flights and seating market. demand will be seats. Lufthansa also lower maintenance costs for Premium plans to completely and this creates a boom In Asia-Pacific, it is likely eliminate the first class in the number of orders that aircraft OEMs such economy seats! segment on Boeing 777- that single-aisle aircraft as Mitsubishi will increase For the next 10 years, the 9 aircraft, which will join manufacturers receive their business volumes and biggest breakthrough in the fleet. Thus, the highest especially in the recent gain a higher market share. the commercial aircraft class on the aircraft will be period. Additionally, the seating market will emerge Global airlines are business class. All these challenges encountered in the area of Premium increasingly demanding changes present concrete by Boeing with its newest economy cabin seats. high technology products examples of a new trend 737 MAX aircraft for the This will occur in direct for the seats they place in all airline companies, narrow body aircraft proportion to the demand in aircraft cabins. This, where the first-class market, and its grounding boom in this segment, as as a result, gradually cabins are replaced with across the world for nearly passengers pay less than increases competition Premium economy and will 1 year has increased the first and business class among the key players become more common in demand for Airbus A320 seats and have the chance in the market and gives the upcoming period. aircraft extraordinarily, to travel more comfortably rise to increased comfort and it has completely than in economy class. for passengers, and an Seats for upset the market balance. expanded option and Many global airlines narrow-body reduced costs for airlines. are exerting efforts to aircraft will be The effect of In May 2019, for example, integrate the Premium more in demand! seat change is Etihad Airways selected economy segment into unarguable! Acro Aircraft Seating to their cabins. Emirates, for In the next 10 years, a Leading airlines procure innovative Series example, is preparing to substantial increase have critical process 6 economy-class seats introduce this innovation demand for seats management know-how in with an excellent seatback in its cabins in 2020. At produced for the narrow- the periodic replacement curve, providing passengers the Dubai Airshow held body aircraft market is of seats. Seats that have immense legroom and in November 2019, it was expected. The increasing been used for a long time knee comfort. Some announced that Premium demand for narrow- are being updated with airlines offer innovative economy class will be body aircraft from low- new generation seats. In ideas to their passengers. introduced in Airbus A350 cost carriers operating other words, the renewal Lufthansa, for example, and Boeing 787 Dreamliner especially in developing © HAECO

HAECO Premimum Class "Eclipse" Seat © HAECO

CABIN INTERIOR

continues its design, engineering, production and R&D activities at Istanbul Sabiha Gökçen International Airport and its facilities in Utah, USA, with a team of 140 people. Delivering seats to Boeing 8 months earlier than the industry average, TSI achieved another success in this respect. The company's objective, with an annual revenue that is expected to reach US$ 50 million in 2020, is © TSI TSI - Boeing787 Dreamliner Economy Seat set to double this annual revenue figure by 2023. of seats certainly is an fulfill such improvement Technic and Assan Hanil Having received an order important area of focus. projects in order to reduce established in 2011 to for about 400 aircraft Replacing seats in an costs and maintain design, manufacture, from Turkish Airlines, existing aircraft with the competitive power creates replace and commercialize the company also has latest technology seats a positive atmosphere aircraft seats and spare agreements with Freebird available which are made with a domino effect parts. TSI obtained the Airlines, Azerbaijan of smart, advanced and throughout the sector. approval of Boeing after Airlines, Nordavia Airlines lightweight materials passing challenging and Nordwind Airlines. provides substantial A Unique seat tests and were handed Aiming to be amongst dynamism to the market. for Turkish over to be placed in the the top five aircraft seat Furthermore, many Airlines' aircraft. The new seats will manufacturers in the world airlines make moves to transform the cabin and Dreamliner! by 2023, the company also personalize the seats and create a new perspective Economy class seats of has a target to increase seat manufacturers carry for economy-class Boeing B787-9 Dreamliner its annual production out activities considering seats with new features aircraft, which Turkish capacity to 100,000 seats such demands. Modern focusing on comfort and Airlines added to its fleet within the next few years. aircraft seat components practicality. The 11.6- last year, were produced such as IFE systems, inch modern screens for by the Turkish aircraft seat actuators and seat in-flight entertainment manufacturer TSI (Turkish structures are able to system will be replaced Seat Industry). reduce the total weight of with 13.3-inch screens the aircraft considerably, Economy class seats will as from 2020 Q1. This as they are made of lighter be Epianka model seats will make the Epianka a materials. Therefore, produced by TSI in all of global leader in providing renewals in the cabin the 30 Dreamliner aircraft a seat model that has with seat changes can that are scheduled to join the widest screen used in significantly contribute the airline's fleet. the economy class in the toward reducing the entire world. Epianka model economy airline's operating costs. class seats with 11.6-inch TSI, aiming to reduce Considering that more screens are produced by foreign dependency with than 30% of operating TSI which is a joint venture the support it provides costs are fuel expenses, of Turkish Airlines, Turkish to domestic suppliers, the fact that airlines

CABIN INTERIOR

TSI - Epianka Economy Class Seat

What kind of arm table with sliding in Airbus’ BFE (Buyer A330 and A320 aircraft. seats is TSI and swivel mechanisms, Furnished Equipment) The Elesa S model will a recess for a beverage catalog. also be included in the producing? glass, a back mounted future products section With the Approved Seat TSI has the capability monitor (15.5”) with tilt of the catalog. Royalux, Supplier Agreement, to produce different mechanism, an 11.6” in- TSI’s first Business Class Skysofa and Epianka products both for arm monitor (optional), a product will take its model economy class economy and business personal wireless charging place in the catalog after seats of TSI are also now classes. In economy class, module on side pockets, a the completion of the entitled to be included in 3 different models, Elesa, rotatable privacy divider, certification phase the catalog as of 2020 Elesa S and Miligram are a stalk switch reading Q1 for Airbus A350 XWB, produced only for narrow- light on privacy divider, body aircraft. Epianka a cocktail table, full for economy class is provisions for handset, produced both for narrow USB, RJU, a seat power and wide body aircraft, unit kill switch, a power while Skysofa is produced supply system, IFE system only for the economy class requirements, and a of wide-body aircraft. literature pocket for each passenger, overall it has For business class seats, the same features as its only the model Royalux is competitors in this field. produced for narrow body aircraft. With its features Epianka started to be used such as electrically in 2018 by obtaining the controlled recline necessary certificates capability and leg rest for Airbus A321neo and extension, a mechanically Boeing 737 MAX type operated 4-way head narrow-body aircraft. rest, an electrically Thanks to the agreement controlled lumbar signed with Airbus in support and massage November 2019, TSI was function, a bi-fold in- entitled to take its place TSI Royalux Business Class Seat

TSI Seats Becomes an Airbus Approved Seat

by İbrahim Sünnetçi Supplier!

The “Approved Seat challenging inspections seat supplier as well as Seats' Skysofa and Epianka Supplier” agreement was and evaluations in April the model of the seat from Economy Class seats for signed between Airbus and 2019 by Airbus in order to these catalogs. Airbus A350 XWB, A330 TSI Seats at a ceremony become a “Buyer Furnished and A320 series aircraft. BFE Catalog is the name held on November 20, Equipment (BFE)” Supplier The Elesa S will also be of the catalog of Airbus 2019 at the Four Seasons of Airbus’ A320, A330 and featured in the future by which Airbus approves Hotel, Istanbul with the A350 XWB Programs and products section of the and starts to use specific participation of senior to be featured in the Airbus catalog. TSI Seats' first companies as its suppliers executives from Turkish BFE Catalog. Business Class product, after various inspections Airlines (THY), Turkish the Royalux model seat, will In the BFE type of purchase and evaluations. Of course, Technic, Kibar Holding be featured in the catalog method, the airline becoming featured in the and an Airbus delegation. after the completion of its company that orders new catalog is the first step; French Consulate officials certification process. aircraft purchases from in order to remain in this of Istanbul were also the aircraft seat supplier. catalog, the approved In2019 Air Bus allocated present at the ceremony In such purchases, aircraft suppliers must perform to a substantial budget where a supplier agreement manufacturers send the satisfaction of Airbus. in their projects for TSI was signed with Airbus on a catalog of approved TSI Seats is the first Seats. Thanks to the BFE program and seat basis. seat suppliers to airline company that achieved Catalog, it is expected TSI Seats, a joint venture companies. In this way, inclusion in the BFE Catalog that TSI Seats will increase of Kibar Holding, Turkish the airline companies that on its own scale. In January their recognition and Airlines and Turkish Technic, order new aircraft have the 2020, the new Airbus BFE accessibility in the industry. successfully completed 7 opportunity to select the Catalog will include TSI TSI Seats, Turkey's first

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and only aircraft seat Board Haluk Kayabaşı and manufacturer, aims to take Airbus Vice President Tim place amongst the top 5 Sommer. companies in the global Speaking at the ceremony market by 2023. Considering Turkey © Aviation TSI Seats General Manager the volume from the Airbus Suat Sağıroğlu underlined BFE Catalog Project in total that TSI and Airbus, “an aircraft orders, the expected international pioneer in increase in retrofit projects the aerospace industry” and other projects of the has had a successful company, TSI Seats expects cooperation since 2015. to achieve an export volume He went on saying that TSI exceeding US$ 100 million had delivered its first line in 2023. fit project to the A330 and In fact, the successful later on in 2018 the first collaboration between A321neo ACF was equipped Tim Sommer - Airbus Vice President and Haluk Kayabaşı Airbus and TSI Seats dates with TSI Seats Economy - Kibar Holding CEO and TSI Seats Vice Presidnet of the back to September 2015. Class aircraft seats. “We Executive Board During this period, TSI Seats will deliver Economy Class assessments in less than (THY) and Turkish Technic. first delivered its Skysofa seats for the A350 before 8 months, Sağıroğlu said, With this agreement, Economy Class seats to year end” Sağıroğlu added. “We have taken great steps TSI Seats will be the first Airbus for the Airbus A330, In his address, Sağıroğlu in such a short time and company to be featured followed by Epianka seats noted that TSI places achieved a turning point… in the catalog of approved for the first Airbus A321neo great importance on R&D We are very pleased to have suppliers. Thanks to the ACF (Airbus Cabin Flex studies that focus on been placed in the Airbus catalog, TSI is expected configuration) in 2018. the development of high BFE Catalogue. This latest to increase its recognition Currently, TSI Seats aims value-added products accomplishment shows and accessibility in the to complete the delivery of and technologies and said, how hard we have worked to sector. This catalog not Economy Class seats for “TSI also increases the grow TSI Seats by investing only provides visibility to Airbus A350 XWB aircraft quality and reliability by in our employees, and by suppliers but also gives the before the end of 2019. Such using digital technology supporting infrastructure prestige of being approved seats will feature 13.5-inch at every stage. Safety, and innovation. Being by Airbus. Taking into wide screens as part of quality and sustainability featured in the Airbus consideration the share of the cabin entertainment are of great importance to catalog will expand our the Airbus Catalog project system. With the Approved TSI Seats.” Sağıroğlu also reach and accessibility to in total aircraft orders, the Seat Supplier Agreement stressed that with their the world’s leading airlines expected increase in retrofit signed, TSI Seats is now new Business Class seats, and ensures our growth in projects and other projects eligible to take part in the that are in progress, they the market.” of TSI Seats, we aim to Airbus BFE Catalog as aim to make a big change reach an export figure over Haluk Kayabaşı, CEO of an approved supplier of in the market. “We closely US$ 100 million in 2023.” Economy Class seats for follow the trends in the Kibar Holding also made the A350 XWB, A330 and market and do our best to a speech at the signing In his address, Airbus Vice A320 aircraft family. develop seats which meet ceremony and said, “Today, President, Procurement customer demands and an ‘Approved Seat Supplier (responsible for the During the signing preferences…” Regarding Agreement’ is being signed procurement of seats and ceremony speeches were their success in being able between Airbus, one of the cabin electronics) Tim delivered by TSI Seats to be featured in the Airbus important international Sommer noted that in General Manager Suat BFE Catalogue following references of the aviation 2019 Airbus is celebrating Sağıroğlu, Kibar Holding the completion of Airbus’ industry and TSI Seats, its 50th anniversary as a CEO and TSI Seats Vice 7 different and important a joint venture of Kibar company and added, “When President of the Executive Holding, Turkish Airlines we started, we were nobody,

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but we were nobody with a big dream. Today we are one of the world’s leading aircraft manufacturers. We have a backlog of 7,500 Turkey © Aviation aircraft, and again this year, we’re going to deliver a record number of aircraft to the market. But this success is not an exclusive success. About 80% of the aircraft come from our external partners and our can we develop new base and rely on a global Underlining the fact that suppliers on site. So, all that services, which benefit network of suppliers, and Airbus’ relationship with TSI we did is a joint success!” customers and passengers. added: “If we want to Seat is not a new one and it Sommer underlined that if In the last years, we have continue delivering and dates back to 2015 with the they want to continue in the looked into how we can building the best aircraft A330, moving into A320neo business, they need strong provide more and more in the world, we will only in 2018 and in a few weeks partners to grow together connected integrated cabin succeed by uniting the TSI will also be part of the with them. experiences in our airlines best capabilities of external A350 program SOMMER “So, what do we really look for passengers. With all partners of suppliers around said, “So essentially, you for? We try to see who we these challenges ahead, the world.” are already in all our key can work in the business. I’m not necessarily always programs. So, what is Regarding TSI Seats’ The first point that I would looking at the big players in important now is that we accomplishment in like to stress is trust and the industry. We have some take our relationship to becoming featured in the reliability. The second big players, and they have the next level. And the Airbus BFE Catalogue, point is about innovation. their merits, but I believe teams are working very Sommer said, “I must We would not be where most of the innovation hard on that. So, Airbus’ say you are pretty well- we are today if we had not and the breakthroughs in requirements are very positioned in that. First, you continuously innovated the coming years will not stringent, very complex, and are based in the country in and improved our aircraft come from the big groups. especially for a smart small a region, which has great in the last 50 years. In the I see a lot of young hungry company, very hard to fulfill. potential for others. You last years, the cabin has players in the market who So, I think it deserves a small have demonstrated clear become more and more have real potential to round of applause for the potential and ambition to strategic, and there is more disrupt the industry. So, team who was working on grow in the last years, and focus place on innovating it’s about reliability, trust, this in the last months and you have a great foundation the cabin. There's a lot of innovation and then from years and have allowed us in the team which you have interesting stuff happening our perspective it's about to come to the point where and the facility you have, in the cabin, but essentially going global, being global,” we are today. From January which I had the pleasure we focus on our own Sommer said. 2020, you will be visible and to visit this morning. But I efficiency, so we look for offerable to customers all Sommer pointed out that must say that the DNA, the how can we make more over the world.” when they (Airbus) started, processes, the industrial efficient use of space, how they were essentially set, etc. are still quite small, Following the speeches, the can we improve on weight, a European company but it is very much state of Approved Seat Supplier how can we improve cruise focusing on a few core the art. So, today I think Agreement was signed efficiency for living and countries. But today, you have a good basis on by Airbus Vice President operating in the aircraft. they are no longer just a which you can scale and SOMMER and TSI Seats We look, of course, always European company, they which you can grow your Vice President KAYABAŞI. on how we can improve are a global company business.” The ceremony ended with passenger comfort, how serving a global customer a photo session

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An Unrivaled Dining Experience is Anticipated Onboard Turkish Airlines with Collins Aerospace’s New Essence Galley Inserts The agreement is

for 50 widebody © TSI aircraft with options for more essence inserts collection which features a broad product portfolio, including espresso machines On 18 November, Dubai, options for more. Aircraft many years, we’re really beverages, while Turkish Airlines’ new deliveries are underway pleased to introduce enhancing our award- Airbus A350 and Boeing and will continue our customer to the new winning dishes from 787 Dreamliner fleets will into 2024. The Collins Essence suite,” said Brian our chefs,” said (name), feature industry-leading Aerospace’s Essence Schmalz, Vice President (title), with Turkish Airlines. Essence Galley Inserts Galley Inserts includes of Sales & Marketing, “Collins Aerospace has from Collins Aerospace ovens, beverage making Galley Inserts, with been outfitting our galleys Systems, a unit of United equipment – including Collins Aerospace. “Our for many years, and we Technologies Corp. The espresso machines, and Essence products are not look forward to working signing Ceremony was refrigeration products. only intuitive and easy with them to bring this held on the second day Essence is a revolutionary to operate, they are also industry-leading product of the Dubai Air show line of premium galley engineered to produce collection onboard our new with the participation inserts, engineered with the absolute highest- aircraft.” of Mr. Brian Schmalz, the latest innovation in quality inflight food and In pursuit of the signing Vice President of Sales technology and designed beverages, consistent with ceremony, we took a brief & Marketing at Collins to deliver an unrivaled Turkish Airlines’ world- interview opportunity with Aerospace and Executives inflight food and beverage class service standards. Mr. Colin Mahoney, VP of from Turkish Airlines. experience for passengers. The new galley inserts Business Development will help us provide our Collin Aerospace will “After providing Turkish for Interior at Collins passengers with expanded provide galley inserts Airlines with galley inserts Aerospace. offerings, such as on 25 new A350s and 25 for both narrow body and espresso and cappuccino Enjoy … B787 Dreamliners with widebody platforms for

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Aviation Turkey: Aviation Turkey: When Thank you for the interview, will the first deliveries Mr. Mahoney. Today you begin? Can you inform made and an agreement us about the delivery with Turkish Airlines for schedule? the new Galley Inserts Colin Mahoney: I am not designs. Could you tell us quite sure when the first more about these products deliveries will begin, but and technologies of these I think it won't take long. Galleys, because Turkish Turkish Airlines have Airlines selected your options according to the company once again? schedule as well, so we Colin Mahoney: Once will deliver the products again, indeed, it was a through 2023, I believe. We'll big milestone for our deliver so many up through relationship with Turkish 2023. Airlines. As you may have Aviation Turkey: What seen in the press, they technologies do you offer? selected our full range of Why did Turkish Airlines Essence; this is the brand select your company again? us more about your cabin seating. The technologies name for our galley inserts. interior technologies? inside all those products So, when we say galley Colin Mahoney: You may are growing increasingly, Colin Mahoney: So, we bring inserts, we mean ovens, think they are just ovens, so as we become part of a broad product set to the beverage makers, and but they are actually the Collins Aerospace. They interior of an airplane. We're refrigeration. What Turkish the human-machine are not just straightforward talking about Galley Inserts Airlines going to be able to interface, so the flight seats; they have advanced here; we also do Galleys do with that product line is crews have to interface electronics in them, and if in planes, we do oxygen to continue their journey with this equipment. you sit in a business class systems, we do lighting, of being best-in-class for Thus, our products reduce seat, there are lots of ways and we do, obviously the catering. So, for example, crew workload. They have to interface with it. So, a lot most famous for, the they will have an espresso some automation in them, of advanced electronics seating. We do all classes machine, a cappuccino so a flight attendant that we benefit from being of seating from first class machine on an airplane, doesn't have to stand and part of the old Rockwell to business class, premium which is pretty unusual. So, monitor things thanks Collins. economy, and economy the Essence product line to the technology in the is our latest in our galley beverage makers. Safety inserts, and we've been and reliability are the kinds supplying inserts to Turkish of things you expect from Airlines for many years. So, Collins Aerospace. But it is this was a very wonderful more about how we design milestone for the continuity our products to make them of our relationship with easy to use because that Turkish Airlines. is one of the critical things that we must do on an Aviation Turkey: On airplane. what types of aircraft will your products be used? Aviation Turkey: I know Collins Aerospace Colin Mahoney: They are profoundly cares about going on the wide-body the advancement of its Turkey © Aviation fleet, both the 787 and products. Could you inform Colin Mahoney with Şebnem Akalın at Dubai Air Show' 19 A350, so around 50 aircraft.

41 Turkey's First Unique and National Hot Air Balloon Produced by Pasha Balloons Inc. recent years. According priorities of the DGCA value of over €100 million by Cem Akalın to DGCA data, while there and that they continue has been created for were 239 hot air balloons to implement practices Turkey's economy.” The hot air ballooning in the fleets of 30 Hot paving the way for the activities in Turkey have Hot Air Balloon flights in Air Balloon Companies in sector in this regard, and greatly accelerated within Turkey are realized 200 2018, there are now 309 said the following: “We the last 11 years thanks to to 260 days per year, hot air balloons in the continue to implement the strategies and visions depending on weather fleets of 35 Hot Air Balloon practices paving the way adopted by the Directorate conditions. At the biggest Companies as per DGCA for the industry. Ballooning General of Civil Aviation and most attractive flight 2019 data. These figures activities have grown (DGCA/SHGM). In 2008 point of the world like reveal that the industry exceptionally. Cappadocia there were only 10 Hot Cappadocia, almost 90 has grown almost 40% in has become one of the Air Balloon operators flights take place daily, just one year. biggest hot air balloon with a total of 67 hot air while new ones continue centers in the world. The balloons in their fleets. In our interview with the to be added to this flight number of passengers It is sufficient to look Directorate General of the point area. participating in Hot Air at 2018 data in order to DGCA Bahri Kesici in June Balloon tours increased According to DGCA data, better understand this 2019, he stated that hot air to over 500 thousand 29,585 balloon flights acceleration which has ballooning activities are in 2018, reaching 537 were realized with 262 increased significantly in one of the most important thousand 500. An added Hot Air Balloons of 27

42 HOT AIR BALLOON

days of flight took place was carried out under the Model Certification in the Nevşehir region and supervision and control Project on November 12, 332 days in the Pamukkale of the GDCA in 2018, 2019. At the ceremony held region, this figure was was completed in about at the GDCA on January recorded as an average a year, a demonstration 23, 2020, the certificates of 60 days in Belgium and flight was also realized were delivered to Pasha 120 days in Spain. Even at the ceremony held in Balloons executives by though the number of Cappadocia on October the GDCA Directorate flights in the Cappadocia 10, 2019. General, Bahri Kesici. region in 2018 decreased The certification activities With the PH-Series to 221 days in 2019, a of the Hot Air Balloon Hot Air Balloon Project, substantial increase were executed by GDCA which is the second Type by 124,282 has been certification experts Certificate received in recorded in the number according to the relevant Turkey after the HürKuş of passengers. This is an requirements in the EASA's advanced primary trainer indication of the rapid certification specification aircraft, developed and growth of the industry. (CS31.HB Amend.1). In line manufactured by Turkish Is there any local with the organization's Aerospace, one more production of Hot Air authorization processes, important threshold has Balloon in Turkey? It is Pasha Balloons Inc. been achieved for the one of the world's most was found eligible for a acquisition of unique and attractive destinations Type Certificate, TCDS national air vehicles to in terms of the number Design and Production the aviation sector and of flights, safety and Organization Approvals for the development of balloon operators in 221 cultural richness. Are the regarding the PH-120 the industry. The type days in the Nevşehir infrastructure facilities, region in 2019, and the local added value and number of passengers supplier network sufficient reached 586,367. In the in sustain this growing Pamukkale region, a total industry? Let's take a brief of 5,095 balloon flights look. were realized in 332 days On November 12, 2019, with 47 Hot Air Balloons Turkey's first unique PH- of 8 balloon operators, 120 hot air balloon, the and the number of design and prototype passengers reached production of which 75,415. The total number was realized by Pasha of flights in the Nevşehir Balloons operating in and Pamukkale regions the Cappadocia region, reached 34,680, and the successfully passed the number of passengers airworthiness and other reached 661,782 in total. tests of the GDCA and was When we look at other found eligible for a “Type balloon flight destinations Certificate” and TCDS around the world, Turkey “Design Organization” and has a significant number “Production Organization” of flights and is above approvals. While the average. Depending on PH-120 Model Hot Air the weather and climate PH 120 Model demonstration flight was realized in Balloon Project, which Cappadocia with the participation of DGCA Officials on conditions, in 2019, 221 October 10, 2019

43 HOT AIR BALLOON

and production of hot air balloons in seven different series, and that they aim to be the world leader in production like they have been in commercial hot air balloon flights. He added that they plan to achieve the same standards with all existing manufacturers with the inclusion of 24 different balloon types in the certificate within © Pasha Balloon 2020. Halis Aydoğan - Chairman of the Pasha Balloon “Considering the number certificate, certifying that and at the same time it in our country. As Pasha of balloons which is over the air vehicle is produced has been the region where Balloons, we are happy and 250 in our country, the according to the approved the most passenger flights proud to achieve this.” Cappadocia region ranks design and approving the are performed in the world. Pasho Balloon first as the region where compliance of the design The arrangement made large-scale balloons, with the airworthiness by the DGCA and the Chairman Halis which we call passenger requirements offer great University of Cappadocia Aydoğan: “We balloons, are used the opportunities. with the existing balloon received an most. Last year, the operator for flights in the balloon operators in What will it bring to Turkey orders from Cappadocia region is an our country purchased and the balloon industry? Spain, Portugal arrangement that is taken and Belgium” Hot Air Balloons from Pasha Balloons Chairman as an example in all over manufacturing companies Mehmet Halis Aydoğan the world in order to be Pasha Balloons Chairman in the UK, Czechia and stated that with this implemented. At this point, Mehmet Halis Aydoğan Spain at an amount of US$ certificate rendering it was a duty for us to stated that they recently 4,094,000. Considering Turkey a producer country manufacture with our own have applied to the these figures, Turkey, in the hot air ballooning design and possibilities DGCA for the design as a big market, will be industry, Pasha Balloons’ capabilities as a hot air balloon designer and manufacturer were approved and that such capability was certified after being verified by compatibility designations, and he also said that they have taken an important step towards being a global brand.

“The Cappadocia region of our country, where intensive flights are realized, has become an exemplary point for the © Pasha Balloon world ballooning industry

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our first target country. At the same time, our goal is to make Pasha Balloons a world brand © Pasha Balloon by combining our 25-year ballooning experience and knowhow in consumer needs with production, after the failure of existing producers in the European and African markets to meet the demands increases the chance of a new global producer to enter the market. At this point, we have been working on the promotion of our company as a flying refrigerator, Mehmet Halis Aydoğan sector representatives through participating box and dinosaur. These pointed out the difficulties and several universities in balloon festivals and balloons, which are used they encountered during continue.” competitions since 2017. especially in balloon the procurement phase as Proceeding with its own As a result, companies festivals, are also used follows: resources in the design from Spain, Portugal and extensively for product “Although our country and production processes, Belgium visited us to see promotion activities and is at a competitive level Pasha Balloons continues our facilities in January we believe this sector will in terms of textiles, we to work with determination and February 2020 and develop in our country have difficulties in the to be a pioneer for the submitted their order in the upcoming period. procurement stage of development of the requests for 2020. As a In addition, we continue the technical fabric, load industry, despite the result of our activities in our efforts for the strips, etc., which are the difficulties encountered service and maintenance development of sportive most important inputs in the procurement in Africa and the Middle aviation in our country. In of the hot air balloon processes. The company's East, our company stands this regard, we organized production process. goal, as Turkey’s first out as a preference. We the first hot air balloon In the use of nylon 6.6 balloon manufacturer in will be an exclusively festival in our country in yarn in such products, the international arena, active company in the the Cappadocia region in the processes of is to be a strong global market by adding our with the support and weaving and coating manufacturer. 24 types (different contributions of all within special standards, dimensions) of balloons stakeholders in 2019. In The contribution of hot further progress should and special shaped 2020, we will continue air balloon flights is be achieved in the final balloons to our PH-Series our efforts for the indisputable in making product quality by Type Certificate by 2020 development of ballooning the country's cultural conducting R&D studies. Q2. I would like to make in our country.” and historical richness Similarly, it is very an addition to special permanent in minds Of course, the sector, important to carry out R&D shaped balloons. These through a journey full of growing day by day studies in accordance with balloons, which are not adrenaline. The sector is in terms of number of the certification projects well known in our country makeing a good start in flights & balloons & of our machining industry but are used for visual and 2020 with new targets passengers, still has in the supply of machined promotional purposes, with the addition of some shortages in its metal parts (seamless are very common in hidden and unexplored production infrastructure. steel pipes). At this point, Europe and America. destinations throughout Pasha Balloons Chairman our negotiations with We can think of them the country

45 Gulf Helicopters Company Turkey © Aviation Thriving in Turkey’s mutually beneficial financial environment In this issue, we are proud to share the interview of Can Erel, Chief Advisor to the Aviation Turkey Editorial Board with Mohamed Al Mohannadi, Gulf Helicopters CEO about his career and his company, Gulf Helicopter Company.

As a 100% subsidiary did your interest in Aviation It was a challenging but the latest developments so of Gulf International first come from? also a very enjoyable task far? Services under the Qatar where I gained my most Mohamed Al Mohannadi: I Al Mohannadi: Gulf Air is Petroleum (QP) umbrella, valuable experiences that always had an admiration where I started out in my with headquarters in Doha, helped shaped my future for aircraft and aviation aviation career. During my Qatar, Gulf Helicopter through hard work put since childhood. When I time at the company, it Company is a helicopter forward on the ground. reached the stage in my was a partnership airline services provider mainly life to make the choice for Can Erel: How did comprised of shareholders servicing the oil and gas higher education, it was you cross paths with Gulf from the State of Qatar, industry in the Middle East, a natural decision to be Helicopter Inc. and what are the Kingdom of Bahrain, Europe, South and West involved in this admiration Africai North Africa and and hence I decided India. to study in the field of Gulf Helicopter Company aviation. The first of my is also a shareholder of studies in the field was in Redstar Aviation Inc. London, UK, which was later located in Istanbul, Turkey consolidated in Florida, USA. After obtaining my Can Erel: Can you degrees, I officially took my share with us a bit about first step into the industry yourself; who is Mohamed with Gulf Air at Heathrow Al Mohannadi and where Airport as Station Manager.

46 INTERVIEW

the Emirate of Abu Dhabi to become a very unique Morocco, Tunisia and Timor- services. This convergence (on behalf of the United organization in our field of Leste. of the two companies has Arab Emirates), and operations with our fully introduced new horizons in Can Erel: How did the Sultanate of Oman. owned and operated multi- the service diversification your company become After spending my years type fleet, outstanding of Gulf Helicopters Inc. interested in Turkish in various departments engineering capabilities aviation? What would you At the time of acquisition within Gulf Air with under the roof of our in- like to say about the current of Redstar shares, the overseas responsibilities, house developed MRO, and and future activities of Gulf company was in an ‘idle’ my paths crossed with state-of-the-art Flight Helicopters Inc.? position, so to speak, with Gulf Helicopters Inc., a Simulator Training Devices limited assets—a single subsidiary of Gulf Air at for Leonardo AW-139 and Al Mohannadi: We as Gulf turboprop aircraft—and the time. I initially took AW-189 types. Helicopters Inc., have the extent of its limited on the role of Marketing always been interested Now, regarding some of activities as one low- and PR Manager at Gulf in extending our scope the activities undertaken range workhorse. Thanks Helicopters Company in of operations overseas by Gulf Helicopters; from to our team, Redstar 1994 and was appointed as whether it be in the form of our humble beginnings, Aviation has now become the CEO of the organization a commercial partnership we have grown over the a globally recognized and in 2008. or as shareholders in years as an International internationally accredited local operators within the Can Erel: What Aviation Service provider air ambulance operator areas of interest. Turkey can you say about your serving both Domestic in the field of fixed-wing has been a long-standing company's current aviation and International Oil and operations and is steadily part of our investment capabilities and activities? Gas Companies and establishing its presence strategy where we have numerous other globally in becoming an offshore Al Mohannadi: Gulf participated in some large- recognized major clients. operator at an identical Helicopters is one of scale international tenders. Over the years, we have level with Gulf Helicopters the leading commercial Realizing the volume and earned ample recognition Company. aviation services providers growth potential of the across the world operating in the world. Our global Turkish aviation industry, we Gulf Helicopters Company from Europe to the Middle footprint extends from have taken an undoubted will continue to invest in the East and to the Far East. Europe to Africa to the decision of establishing a Turkish aviation industry, Our global footprint covers Middle East to South Asia presence in Turkey. collectively in Redstar our current and past and to the Far East. Founded Aviation and for other operations in countries We became a shareholder in 1970 with the primary possible ventures. We will such as the State of Qatar, of Redstar Aviation (www. objective of catering to do our best to add value and Turkey, Germany, Denmark, redstar.com.tr) in mid-2015 the needs of Qatar’s Oil and create a mutually beneficial Malta, Libya, Sudan, South after local approvals and Gas Industry, the company financial environment by Africa, the Republic of Iran, procedures and have been has grown over the years transferring the excellent the Republic of Yemen, focusing on developing by leaps and bounds to know-how and providing the Sultanate of Oman, the company’s activities successfully become a enrichment through the Kuwait, the Kingdom of through re-structuring leading global aviation wide-ranging experience Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, of the organization and services provider. Gulf in our sphere of operations India, Malaysia, Thailand, by setting our mid and Helicopters has evolved that has accumulated over long-term targets. The the last five decades during acquisition of shares in our long history. Redstar Aviation has been a different challenge for Can Erel: How do you us since Gulf Helicopters see Turkey's position in your

© Gulf Helicopter Inc. is solely focused on company's future business rotor-wing operations projections? whereas the core-business Al Mohannadi: We see of Redstar Aviation has Turkey as an integral part been—and still is—heavily of our operations and focused on the provision of as a crucial part of our fixed-wing air ambulance

47 INTERVIEW

future growth strategy. Thanks to Turkey’s natural geographical position, being located there places us at a crossroads between the East and the West, as well as the North and the South and places us at an arm’s length to a very large geographic and economic area. Turkey’s large and well-trained young population, the ever- growing aviation industry, the ultra large scale infrastructure investments undertaken by the Turkish government has made it even more appealing for organizations who are concrete plans to expand indication of our vision in as no date is available on interested in investing the fleet with two more Turkey. the subject matter but aircraft for each fixed-wing perhaps Aviation Turkey further in Turkey. We, as Gulf Helicopters Inc., and rotor-wing segment in might do the research and in principle, prefer that our Besides all of the above, FY 2020. When we became bring a conclusion to my actions verify our intentions we have a tangible case in shareholders in Redstar proposition. and commitments rather Redstar Aviation which has Aviation in 2015, there than the words that are Can Erel: Will we be fully met our expectations were only 12 employees on spoken from anyone’s able to see your industrial through the demonstrated our payroll. As of Nov. 2019, mouth. The very tangible and aviation activities pace in growth within the company’s headcount example of our future (i.e. MROs or pilot and the last five years of our is only two employees short projections related to maintenance personnel existence in the Turkish of becoming a triple-digit Turkey is set by Redstar training centers) in our market. We are currently number at 98. Additionally, Aviation which I believe country soon? operating four Bombardier we have recently invested is the largest Foreign Learjet 45XR’s for global in an Aircraft Maintenance Al Mohannadi: Most Direct Investment made air ambulance operations and Parking Hangar at certainly yes! for an Air Taxi company and two Leonardo AW139 Istanbul Atatürk Airport in Turkey. Unfortunately, We, as Gulf Helicopters Inc., Helicopters for domestic which I believe is a strong offshore operations with I cannot verify the same are also very interested in extending our presence in Turkey by diversifying our portfolio. A few years back, we actually had an attempt © Red Star to place our second Flight Simulator Training Device in Istanbul but without success. I would hate to give negative publicity, but I also feel myself obliged to mention that due to the lack of co-operation between the governmental agencies, we had to channel our investment to another country. Nevertheless, we

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adding investments which we believe have been afforded to the Turkish aviation industry.

Erel: Is there anything you would like to add?

Al Mohannadi: Thank you very much for giving me the opportunity to express myself and convey my thoughts in this invaluable magazine. I must also confess most importantly that I congratulate you for achieving such a high- quality product under the © Red Star name of Aviation Turkey in such a short period of time. have not given up and will Can Erel: What are an environment conducive The last issue of Aviation continue to pursue other your expectations from to foreign direct investors Turkey that I reviewed opportunities to expand our Turkey and Turkish aviators such as Gulf Helicopters is already a self-spoken activities in Turkey. to meet your plans and Inc. among many others. example of an educating, objectives? As an aviation professional One other area of potential guiding and inspiring that has been operating activity, as you rightly Al Mohannadi: We have publication. We wish you and investing in a variety mentioned, is in the field special relations and ties best of luck and prosperity of countries in different of MRO services. We have to Turkey. It has always with Aviation Turkey’s continents, I strongly already started working on been more than business future publications! believe that there is mirroring the capabilities or anything in the form much to be fulfilled in Can Erel: Thank you held by Gulf Helicopters Inc. of business. Hence, we Turkey and at the current for sharing your time with in Doha to Redstar Aviation always only wish the very age of communications us, Aviation Turkey. We in Istanbul to serve the local best for Turkey and its and finances, it is vital look forward to visiting operators and neighboring people. As we spend more to attract investments. soon and seeing Gulf countries under the roof of time in the Turkish market, However, the most Helicopter Inc. Operations our very recently acquired we realize that Turkey has important of all are and facilities in Doha, hangar facility at Istanbul deep roots in the field of sustainability and value- Qatar Atatürk Airport. On the aviation. Turkey is a country other hand, we have learned that is capable of even through experience by manufacturing their own operating Bombardier helicopters! The blend of Learjet 45XRs that there is such capability together a huge flow of expenditures with the cultivated young from Turkish private aircraft population is making life Turkey © Aviation owners to European MROs. quite easy for us. We expect We have identified this Turkey to remain on this segment as an area of path and to set an example potential investment and for countries like us among are currently considering which trade would develop our options on whether on a natural basis. to develop our internal The only area we would capabilities or to access humbly advise upon would the same market through be for the establishment of another M&A. Mohamed Al Mohannadi and Can Erel

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Coronavirus Outbreak Led to 13% Full-Year Loss of Passenger Demand in Asia-Pacific Region The International Air Transport Association (IATA) announced that its initial assessment of the impact of the Novel Coronavirus 2019 outbreak (COVID-19) shows a potential 13% full-year loss of passenger demand for carriers in the Asia-Pacific region. Considering that growth for the region’s airlines was forecast to be 4.8%, the net impact will be an 8.2% full-year and represent a 4.7% These estimates are SARS was responsible for contraction compared hit to global demand. In based on a scenario the 5.1% fall in the RPKs to 2019 demand levels. December, IATA forecast where COVID-19 has a carried by Asia-Pacific In this scenario, that global RPK growth of similar V-shaped impact airlines. 4.1%, so this loss would on demand as was would translate into a The estimated impact of more than eliminate experienced during SARS. $27.8 billion revenue loss the COVID-19 outbreak expected growth this That was characterized in 2020 for carriers in the also assumes that the year, resulting in a 0.6% by a six-month period Asia-Pacific region— center of the public health global contraction in with a sharp decline the bulk of which would emergency remains in passenger demand for followed by an equally be borne by carriers China. If it spreads more registered in China, with 2020. quick recovery. In 2003, $12.8 billion lost in the China domestic market alone.

In the same scenario, carriers outside Asia- Pacific are forecast to bear a revenue loss of $1.5 billion, assuming the loss of demand is limited to markets linked to China. This would bring total global lost revenue to $29.3 billion (5% lower passenger revenues compared to what IATA forecast in December)

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widely to Asia-Pacific “These are challenging markets, then impacts on times for the global airlines from other regions air transport industry. would be larger. Stopping the spread of the virus is the top priority. It is premature to estimate Airlines are following the what this revenue loss guidance of the World will mean for global Health Organization profitability. We don’t (WHO) and other public yet know exactly how the health authorities to keep outbreak will develop and passengers safe, the world whether it will follow the connected, and the virus same profile as SARS or could more than offset making difficult decisions contained. The sharp not. Governments will the growth we previously to cut capacity and in downturn in demand as use fiscal and monetary forecast and cause the some cases routes. Lower a result of COVID-19 will policy to try to offset first overall decline in fuel costs will help offset have a financial impact on the adverse economic demand since the Global some of the lost revenue. airlines—severe for those impacts. Some relief Financial Crisis of 2008- This will be a very tough particularly exposed to may be seen in lower fuel 09. And that scenario year for airlines,” said the China market. We prices for some airlines, would translate into lost Alexandre de Juniac, estimate that global depending on how fuel passenger revenues of IATA’s Director General traffic will be reduced by costs have been hedged. $29.3 billion. Airlines are and CEO. 4.7% by the virus, which ARTICLE

On the 75th Anniversary of the International Civil Aviation Organization Air Transportation in the World and Turkey

by Can Erel

Civil aviation, which can in the late 1940s, the aviation organizations sustainable safety/ be regarded as the use of "Jet Age" that started and organizational security. aircraft in passenger and with the Boeing 707 associations based on The International Civil freight transportation in the late 1950s, and collaboration started Aviation Organization in the world, made great Boeing 747 (Jumbojet), to become established (ICAO), founded as the progress after World which led to a new age since the 1940s. Thus, it specialized organization War II, in the mid-1940s, of commercialization was possible to establish of the United Nations by modifying and using at the beginning of the collaborations with a (UN) pursuant to the military (fixed wing) 1970s. This development global understanding Chicago Convention aircraft, which were out in aircraft made the regarding various aspects dated December 7, 1944, is of service… world smaller with such as attrition, legal, the first and still the most unpredictability in terms economic, commercial, After a while, the search important organization of passenger and freight environmental and for more capable and that comes to mind on and led to creative industrial regulations. comfortable aircraft this topic and has 193 destruction and it shaped In terms of industry, took place and planes in member countries today. a new way of doing globally accepted design, the turbofan power group, business. manufacturing, operation, The ICAO, in brief, is an called jets in commercial maintenance-protection- organization that sets the airline transportation, In order to meet the need deactivation standards standards and rules for were put into commercial for necessary standards enabled the aviation aviation safety, aviation service and developed in airway transportation industry to develop in security, and effective rapidly. This process was that was spreading parallel with developing and environmentally known with the Comet widely throughout the technology by providing compatible aviation, (de Havilland DH 106) world, international

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makes plans for President Dr. Olumuyiwa Bureau, Air Transport worldwide, how it can take technology development, Benard Aliu as the new Bureau, Technical Co- people to dream locations, ensures cooperation President. operation Bureau, Legal how it connects people between all member Bureau and the Bureau with their loved ones, how The ANC (Aviation states in aviation, and of Administration and it plays a role during work Navigation Commission) guides the member Services. The ICAO and travel (with keywords and the committees, states on international Secretary General is #ICAO75, #FLYDAY, @ as well as the Panels, air transport issues, and elected for a three- ICAO) and many people Working Groups and also identifies economic year term, just like shared the most inspiring specialized aviation policies and establishes the President of the stories with the world on experts are under the legal regulations. Council. Elected for the December 7, 2019 via their responsibility of the second time, the current posts within this context. The decision-making Council. Secretary General Dr. bodies of the ICAO, which The ICAO Secretariat Fang Liu will serve until Relationship operates according to decides what types July 2021. between the the conventional UN of experts from which ICAO and Turkey administration and countries/international What were the organizational structures Turkey was elected as organizations will activities of and procedures are a member state to the participate in the ICAO the ICAO for the Assembly and the Council in the Assembly Panel and Working this special day, Council. The ICAO meeting of the ICAO in Groups, excluding those Assembly convenes celebrating 1947 for three years and related to the aviation every three years its 75th our nominations in 1977, safety which are with the participation anniversary? 1980 and 1983 were not evaluated and decided of all members and concluded due to the vote by the ANC. Within The 7th of December, determines the members split. Because of bilateral these groups, the first International Civil of the ICAO Council problems, mostly political, studies are made for Aviation Day, aims to help (today 36 members). in the field of civil aviation the change, update of generate and reinforce The ICAO Council is a since the 1970s and the various manuals and worldwide awareness of continuous organizational increasing importance circulars and if necessary the importance of civil structure and is under of civil aviation on a for the preparation of aviation in the social and the responsibility of the global scale, and based new ones, related to economic development Assembly. on the acceleration of the aviation standards of states, the role of the developments and The President of the and recommendations the ICAO in the safety, prospective studies in ICAO Council is elected (SARPs), air navigation efficiency and regulation our country in this field, by the council members procedures (PANs) having of international air a Bureau, responsible for a period of three years. taken part in the Chicago transport. This last for ICAO activities, was In the election of the Convention Annexes and year, “International established in 1978 in presidential council held for their applications, the Civil Aviation Day” was the Ottawa Embassy in November, Salvatore first drafts are prepared an even more special to closely monitor the Sciacchitano, Italy's and subsequently day as it was the 75th ICAO's activities and this former General Director of submitted to the ANC or anniversary of the signing Bureau was transformed Civil Aviation and Italy's the ATC and for Council of the "International Civil into a Permanent current ICAO Permanent approval. Aviation Convention". Representation in 1990 Representative, was For this special year, the The Secretary General in Montreal. In the 39th selected as the ICAO ICAO published a global is Head of the ICAO ICAO Assembly held in Council President for a call for celebrations to Secretariat and there Montreal on September 3-year term and as of share their events on are 5 bureaus within it, 27-October 7, 2016, Turkey January 1, 2020, he took social media on how namely the Air Navigation received 156 votes of 172 over from the previous civil aviation affects life

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states in the election and was elected the a member of the ICAO Executive Committee after 66 years, however during the 40th ICAO General Assembly held between September 24 and October 4, 2019, it lost its ICAO Council Member status. It is of great importance for Turkey to be reelected as a Council member in the elections that will take place in 2023.

Despite being one of the first 10 countries With the effect of the was reflected in of economic flux and of the world in terms free market economy regulations that impacted dynamics. In other of air transportation, (globalization), which aircraft manufacturers words, civil aviation but not having taken started to develop and which started to work on as an industry that part as a member in 36 spread around the world lighter and more efficient is directly dependent ICAO Council sessions in the second half of aircraft within low-noise upon global economic for the periods of 2019- the 1970s, flight route and low-emission power parameters but also 2022, I would like briefly restrictions began to groups. On the other hand, directly affects global to evaluate Turkey's air loosen up and competition the free market economy economic parameters, transport activities. among airline companies also had an impact on has also been adversely began to increase. While the abolishment of state affected by all economic this competition caused monopoly which brought crises in the world, and a decrease in airfares, forth liberalization in the has even made direct and airline companies in aviation industry and important contributions search of profitability enabled private investors to mitigating these started to seek out to invest in aviation. negative effects. optimization in their As a positive The September 11, operation focusing on consequence of 2001 attack and areas such as range, time privatization, competition the subsequent and passenger capacity, and quality in the aviation implementation of which caused pressure on industry began to improve extreme security aircraft manufacturers significantly. As a result, practices and the to produce fuel-efficient With the appointment while civil aviation had 2008 global economic aircraft. Along with the decree published in the become a major driving crisis which instigated effect of developing official gazette dated force of economies - in additional cost effect and communication December 7, 2019 cooperation with the innovative management technologies, Ambassador Suat developing tourism and organizational environmental protection Hayri Aka has been sector, at the same time practices hold an awareness was also on serving as the ICAO it has taken its place at esteemed and important the rise and spread rapidly Turkey Permanent the forefront of industry place in the development across the world and the Representative. branches that are most of the aviation industry. effects of such awareness sensitive to the effect

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According to ICAO data, Airway • In international flights passengers served at the number of scheduled Transportation - Ranked 8th in tons- Istanbul airports in 2018 airline passengers in the kilometers on scheduled exceeded 100 million for in Turkey with service world was recorded as the first time. - Ranked 9th in 4.3 billion in 2018. There Facts and passenger-kilometers on With the capacity was an increase in airline Figures scheduled service generated at Istanbul passenger movement Despite all the political The total flight Airport and with the rapid (arrival/departure), which and economic problems in destinations of our increase in passenger was 100 million in the the world in recent years, airlines continued to and freight traffic, it is 1950s in the world, to 8.6 airway transportation increase in 2018; our expected that Turkey, billion in scheduled airline continued its development 5 airlines operated which is amongst top passenger in 2018, and the and contribution to the flights from 7 centers ten countries in the “Air Trip per Capita” which global economy in 2018. to 56 destinations in world, will raise this level is the ratio of passengers domestic flights and and contribute more using air transportation Having a strategic 318 destinations in 124 significantly to global to the population, which geographical location in countries in international air transportation both was 0.000038 (0.1/2600 the middle of Asia, Europe flights. in domestic lines and million), recorded as 1.132 and Africa continents, international lines, as (4.3/7.6 billion) at the end our country is located on The civil aviation industry a global transit hub. It of 2018 indicate that this the flight routes between in our country employed is no secret that this demand has increased developed and developing 196,041 personnel in in development will reach 29.789 times over the markets. 2017, with a total industry a much more remarkable last 60+ years. This fact turnover of US$ 24.31 Despite the slowdown level with important once again reveals the billion. The 2018 forecast in 2015 and 2016, developments in importance of the unity is 205,000 personnel and our country's airway industrial and intellectual of global understanding US$ 29.46 billion. transportation started to layers. and implementation rise again in 2017 and 2018. According to the study in the legal, economic, In 2018, total passenger made by the Turkish I sincerely congratulate commercial, traffic increased by 9% Exporters Assembly: those who have made environmental and compared to 2017 and great efforts in the • Turkey ranked 3rd industrial fields. reached 210,498,164 Turkish aviation industry; in the export of air I commemorate each of The content which is passengers. Adding the transportation services them with gratitude, referred to below on number of direct transit in the world in 2017 after wishing mercy to those “Developments in the passengers to this figure, the US and UAE. passed away and health World and in Turkey” the total number of to those who are with was arranged according passengers was recorded •Passenger transportation us. I congratulate once to 2018 data of the as 210,947,639 in 2018. export in 2016 and 2017 again the "International Turkish Civil Aviation was approximately 47% According to ICAO 2017 Civil Aviation Day" of my Assembly Sector Report, of the total service export. data, Turkey: elders and colleagues, prepared by the Turkish • 5 aviation companies • Ranked 11th in revenue who have set their hearts Union of Chambers and took place in the list of tons-kilometers and on aviation, have careers Commodity Exchanges top 10 exporters list of passenger-kilometers on in aviation and/or have Turkish Civil Aviation 2017. scheduled service contributed and presently Assembly Sector, where I As Istanbul became one contribute to the currently serve as the Vice • Ranked 12th in freight of the largest global development of aviation. President responsible for tons-kilometers transit centers in the I wish all my colleagues Education/Training, and performed on scheduled world, the total number secure and safe activities R&D. services of incoming and outgoing and flights

55 Airspace Closure: The Invisible Power of Countries by Muhammed Yılmaz Following the tragedy of the Ukraine International Airlines airplane, which had departed from Tehran and was shot down by a missile, many airlines changed their flight routes claiming that Iranian airspace was no longer safe. What do these types of changes in flight courses mean for the airlines and for the countries that would not be flown over anymore? How is airspace utilized to a country’s advantage, what potential power does it hold and how is it a source of income? After Iran Islamic U.S. Bases in Iraq and The picture became officials, one of the Revolutionary Guard nearly 20 minutes later, clearer as we observed engines of the airplane Corps Commander - we learned that the the first news in the burst into flames Major General Qasem UPS-PSR registered global press and causing the pilots to Soleiman’s death from 3.5-year old Boeing started to piece it lose control. the U.S.’ bombing of 737-800 of Ukraine together. Iranian These urgent Baghdad Airport on International Airlines officials claimed that announcements January 3, 2020, the airplane taking off from the airplane crashed revealed that they world focused on Iran’s Tehran and destined to due to a technical were in fact intending reaction. Ukraine under the flight difficulties after to cover certain number PS-752 crashed they completed the When we woke up realities. The images in Parand near Tehran. world’s fastest flight on the morning of of the wreckage It was immediately accident investigation. January 3, we came contained critical clues clear that there was an They went further to across the news regarding the crashed extremely complicated announce the category informing that Iran airplane. The shrapnel crisis unfolding and a of the technical fault. Islamic Revolutionary marks over the parts lot at stake! According to Iranian Guard Corps hit certain of airplane seemed

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to signal a murderer leaving his fingerprint at the murder scene. The quirky statements of the Iranian officials claiming that the black box of the airplane would not be shared with Boeing raised heavy doubts and as the different images on the fall of the airplane started to circulate on social media, the mystery was unveiled. The written statement of the Iranian General Staff dated January 11 expressed that Afghanistan Airspace on flightradar24 while flying over a FAA and EASA lifted decided to apply their sensitive military Syrian the closure of the standard courses via zone, the airplane was airspace however many Iran’s airspace, the shot down due to a airspace has airlines avoided using daily average of 390 “human error” of the remained Iran’s airspace even transit overflights is air defense system. for transit passages. still way above the The Foreign Affairs closed for Afghanistan surely usual utilization of Minister apologized 10 years! benefited from the Afghanistan’s airspace. for the disaster and airlines’ changes in In the beginning of 2010, claiming that this Taking into flight courses due to a civil war - that has was an unforgivable consideration the fact safety requirements. lasted nearly 10 years mistake and Iran’s that the payment for Many airlines headed – broke out in Syria Supreme Leader Ali each transit overflight towards Afghanistan’s located in the heart of Khamenei assured is US$ 700, it may airspace instead of Middle East. The whole that the persons in be concluded that Iran particularly during country turned into a charge of this mistake Afghanistan’s revenue the flights between battlefield. For that would be punished from the overflights Europe and India and reason, airlines were severely. All and all, increased by US$ Southeast Asia. rerouting their flights 167 passengers and a 100,000 per day. With to avoid flying through flight crew of 9 people Shortly after the an aim to progress in Syrian airspace. were killed because of shooting down of the the area of aviation a ‘faulty’ step of the Ukrainian airplane, Afghanistan has been As a result of the Iranian officials. the daily number planning since last July negotiations held with the Syrian government Afghanistan of airplanes using to increase the daily Afghanistan’s airspace fee for overflights to in 2019, The flag carrier benefited from reached a record US$ 950. The overflight of Qatar, Qatar Airways the closure of beating figure of 415. fees are the country’s became the first Iran’s airspace! Though there may third greatest source of foreign airline that be a slight decrease income after customs started to use Syrian The airspace of Iran in these figures and communication airspace after quite a was provisionally as certain airlines sectors. long while. closed. After a while,

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Qatar Airways started to use Syrian airspace for the flights conducted to Lebanon’s capital Beirut and Larnaca in South Cyprus. Within the aforementioned 10-year period, Syrian airspace was merely used by Lebanon’s national airlines - the Middle East Airlines just a few times. Qatar Airways’ flights from Doha to Beirut and Larnaca used to be Syrian Airspace on flightradar 24 conducted over a much longer course upon the therefore the fuel known as FIR. Every How does the Saudi Arabia’s decision savings due to a ‘one- country’s airspace is closure of on closing its airspace hour decrease in flight divided into one or airspace affect to the flights of Qatar duration’ became a more flight information Airways in 2017, this significant added value regions depending on airlines? increased the flight for the airlines. When the size, location and the Severe competition, duration and Qatar Qatar Airways started air traffic of the country. global economic Airways experienced a to use Syrian airspace Turkish airspace which is slowdown, increasing severe financial loss of again it became an approximately 1 million fuel prices and the due to increased fuel additional source of square kilometers is pressure of the consumption expenses. income for Syria which divided into two flight authorities in reducing Carriers typically follow is striving to resurrect information regions, emissions has a the shortest great-circle its economy. namely the Ankara serious impact on the FIR and Istanbul FIR; paths unless hindered What is profit margin of airline by closed or hazardous The United Kingdom’s companies. airspace? Why is airspace is divided into airspace, or factors such The decision on closing as poor weather. it critical? two regions composed of Scottish FIR and certain airspaces over Airspace is a term Upon the decision of London FIR. the standard course opening the airspace, used for defining of airlines implies that the duration of the the portion of the In accordance with the a longer flight must Beirut - Doha flight atmosphere controlled Chicago Convention be planned to bypass conducted by Qatar by a country above signed in 1944, every the closed airspace. Airways over Damascus its territory, including State has complete and This indicates longer by Boeing 787 airplane its territorial waters exclusive sovereignty flight duration and is shorten the time to 2 or, more generally, over the airspace higher fuel costs. The hours and 26 minutes any specific three- above. All states that natural outcome of all from 3 hours and 26 dimensional portion of are parties to the the aforementioned minutes that avoiding the atmosphere. When convention are obliged parameters is the flight Syrian airspace. Even regarded in terms of to allow the utilization of tickets with higher the slightest amount the area it covers, the their airspaces by other prices. of fuel saving is of largest regular division states’ airplanes without of airspace in use in “prior authorization” Alternative flight vital importance on routes increase a commercial flight, the world today is the (except for scheduled flight information region international flights). operational costs and

ARTICLE

prolonged closure of overflights conducted overflights, while in umbrella organization airspaces affects the in Turkey, the overall the previous year, the established to form profitability of airline figure reached 2 million number of airplanes a single airspace companies negatively. 30 thousand 291. This conducting overflight in Europe, issues figure indicates that was recorded as 473 overflight bills to How many an average of 232 thousand 51. airline companies on airplanes per hour are a unit price based airplane using Turkish airspace. How are on the weight and use Turkish In 2003, the total overflight fees distance parameters number of overflights collected? of the aircraft. Airline airspace? was 529 thousand in companies pay the Providing services for Turkey has a two-hour Turkish airspace, so the billed overflight fees the safe, efficient and flight distance from number of airplanes into the accounts of environment-friendly Edirne to Kars and is using the airspace in Eurocontrol. air traffic operations the country with the the last 16 years has throughout Europe, longest airspace in almost quadrupled! Eurocontrol is also in Which are Europe. Due to the Air traffic in Turkish charge of collecting region it is located the most airspace also increased the overflight fees in and the critical in 2019 in terms of from the airlines and and least geopolitical position the total number distributing them to its between the east and expensive of overflights that 41 member countries. west, the number of are qualified as the airspaces? overflights is quite Turkey collects aircrafts’ utilization According to January high. utilization charges of a given country’s 2020 data of for its airspace via In 2019, with an airspace without ever Eurocontrol, an airline Eurocontrol - an increase of 13 thousand landing on a within the using German airspace organization of 71 flights in the total borders of that country. pays EUR 63.7 for every which it has been a flight traffic covering In 2019, 476 thousand 100 km. The utilization member since 1989. flights by using the 790 airplanes used fee of Italian airspace Eurocontrol, an airports and transit Turkish airspace for is EUR 66.15 per 100 km; Austria’s fee is EUR 59.58; fee for use of France’s airspace is EUR 58.82. In Belgium and Luxembourg where the airspace tariff is the highest in the world, airlines pay EUR 91.14 for every 100 km they use. With EUR 7.91, Portugal has the least expensive overflight fee and Turkey collects EUR 27.63 for every 100 km from the airlines using its airspace

AVIATION LAW

Warsaw Convention Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules

by Lale Selamoğlu Kaplan

The convention of 1929 French franc consisting August 1963. Relating to came into force on 13 of 65 milligrams gold of Formally entitled February 1933. The Warsaw millesimal fineness 900, international Convention Supplementary Convention was established which may be converted to the Warsaw Convention carriage by to create a legal basis for into any national currency for the Unification of commercial aviation, both in round figures. air Certain Rules Relating to cargo and passenger. The Convention for the While the limits of the International Carriage by Specifically, it allowed for Unification of certain rules Warsaw Convention Air Performed by a Person the basis of liability to be relating to international remained insufficient with other than the Contracting assigned to air-carriers in carriage by air, commonly the economic growth, the Carrier, a new convention the event of an accident. known as the Warsaw ICAO council convened a was developed and Convention, is an This Convention mandates Diplomatic Conference signed at the Diplomatic international convention, carriers to issue passenger held on September 1955 Conference held in 1961 at which regulates liability, in tickets; requires carriers to at The Hague at which Guadalajara, Mexico, for the event of an accident, issue baggage checks for the Warsaw Convention further efforts to advance for international carriage of checked luggage; creates of 1929 was amended by the cause of passenger persons, luggage or goods a limitation period of 2 The Hague Protocol, after rights. This Protocol held performed by aircraft. years within which a claim extensive studies. The limit carriers strictly liable The Convention was the must be brought; and of liability with respect to for up to 1,500,000 first comprehensive legal limits a carrier's liability persons had been doubled francs (US$100,000) framework governing (maximum of 125,000 to 250,000 francs; in other of proven damages in aviation at the international Poincare francs (approx. respects, the Protocol made the event of passenger level, playing an essential 16,000 USD) for personal only minor adjustments death or injury, but that role in supporting the injury; 250 Poincare francs or clarifications, and amount constituted an development of the per kilogram for checked contributed to some unbreakable limit on liability sector and establishing a luggage and cargo; 5,000 simplifications of the per passenger, even if the set of principles, most of francs for the hand luggage documents of carriage. carrier engaged in willful which are still effective of a traveler). The sums The Hague Protocol to misconduct. (Willful and constitute the basis limiting liability shall be the Warsaw Convention misconduct generally of modern aviation law. deemed to refer to the entered into force on 1 means a knowing violation

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of a reasonable and An SDR is an international referred to as Montreal would undertake to waive uniformly enforced rule or reserve asset created by Protocols numbers 1 and the liability limits and limit policy. It means intentionally the International Monetary 2. These protocols related the force majeure defense doing that which should not Fund. Under Article 23 of the solely to the conversion in regard to passenger be done or intentionally Montreal Convention 1999, from a gold standard to claims. The IATA Secretariat failing to do that which SDRs shall be converted the SDR standard for then initiated an intensive should be done, knowing into local currencies in purposes of calculating all effort to elaborate that injury to a person will terms of SDR at the date quantitative limitations on acceptable provisions to probably result or recklessly of the judgment. This means liability under the Warsaw implement the IIA. disregarding the possibility that the revised rates will Convention and under the MIA - IATA Agreement on that injury to a person may apply to any judgments Warsaw Convention as Measures to Implement the result.) delivered after 28 December amended by The Hague Inter-carrier Agreement 2019, irrespective of the Protocol. The 1975 date of filing suit. The IATA Agreement on Montreal Measures to Implement Also negotiated at the same IIA - IATA Protocols the Inter-carrier Agreement diplomatic conference as intercarrier At the 1975 diplomatic Montreal Protocol No. 3 (“MIA”) was developed; the conference, called primarily was the Protocol to Amend agreement IATA Legal Working Group to deal with cargo issues, the Convention for the The International Air met at Montreal on 3 April the key substantive Unification of Certain Rules Transport Association 1996 and the MIA was provisions of the Guatemala Relating to International (IATA) convened a opened for signature by City Protocol were Carriage by Air, as amended worldwide Airline Liability the air carriers; it became incorporated into Additional by The Hague Protocol, done Conference in Washington, effective on 1 April 1997. Protocol No. 3 to Amend at Montreal September 25, D.C., USA, in 1995. The report As the countries are the Convention for the 1975 (``Montreal Protocol of the Conference proposed signatory parties to Unification of Certain Rules No. 4''). Among other things, the establishment of two Warsaw Convention and Relating to International this Protocol eliminated working groups to further the amending Protocols, Carriage by Air, as amended the outmoded cargo study and prepare drafts airlines were signatories to by The Hague Protocol documentation provisions for a proposed inter-carrier IIA and MIA. and the Guatemala of the Warsaw Convention, agreement, as follows: City Protocol, done at thereby facilitating the The successive 1) To urgently assess and Montreal September 25, application of electronic modifications of the 1929 report on the cost impact 1975 (``Montreal Protocol commerce to international Warsaw Convention, on airlines of an enhanced No. 3''). In translating the air cargo. coupled with increasing liability package; Guatemala City Protocol mobility of passengers For example, Montreal provisions into the Montreal 2) To further consider and and the globalization of Protocol No. 4 eliminated Protocol No. 3, the only report on appropriate and the air transport industry, the need for consignors change in content was the effective means to secure have resulted in a high of cargo to complete replacement of the gold complete compensation for level of complexity and detailed air waybills prior standard with the currency passengers, when required. fragmentation of the to consigning goods to a conversion formula based Warsaw System, and a carrier. In place of such The resulting IATA Inter- on ``Special Drawing corresponding loss of detailed air waybills, carrier Agreement on Rights''. relevance for the travelling consignors could use Passenger Liability (“IIA”) public and the air transport (hereinafter referred simplified electronic was unanimously endorsed industry. The above to as ``SDR,'' which is records of facilitate on 31 October 1995 at developments finally led an artificial `basket' shipments. the 51st Annual General to the ICAO seeking to currency developed by the Meeting of IATA held at Finally, there were two other draw up a new convention International Monetary Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Protocols negotiated at the to replace the Warsaw Fund for internal accounting in 1995; the airlines who 1975 diplomatic conference, System. The ICAO Legal purposes.) signed this agreement

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Committee, at its 30th related instruments and to passenger death or injury, simplified electronic records Session held in Montreal eliminate the need for the (2) it imposes strict to facilitate shipments. in May 1997, approved the patchwork of regulation liability on carriers for Articles 12 through 16 the first 100,000 SDR of text of a draft Convention and private voluntary proven damages in the address the relative for modernizing the Warsaw agreements. event of passenger death rights and obligations of or injury, System of air carrier liability, carriers, consignors, and The Montreal Convention (3) it expands the bases to be adopted later by a consignees of air cargo. (formally, the Convention for jurisdiction for claims Diplomatic Conference. relating to passenger for the Unification death or injury to permit Article 17 defines of Certain Rules for suits in the passenger's conditions required for 1999 Montreal homeland if certain Convention - International Carriage by conditions are met; carrier liability for harm convention for Air) is a multilateral treaty (4) it clarifies the to passengers, including adopted by a diplomatic obligations of carriers a death or bodily injury the unification engaged in code-sharing meeting of ICAO member operations; and and an accident occurring of certain rules states in 1999. The within a defined time (5) it preserves all key for international Convention attempts to benefits achieved for frame. Article 17 also reestablish uniformity the air cargo industry by contains rules for carrier carriage by air Montreal Protocol No. 4. and predictability of rules liability for lost, damaged The Montreal Convention relating to the international The Convention generally or destroyed baggage, 1999 is a treaty that was carriage of passengers, is limited by Article 1 to just as Article 18 contains made with the aim of baggage and cargo. commercial international such rules for cargo. unifying the existing rules Whilst maintaining the air carriage, including Liability for damages of international carriage core provisions which have flights between two States associated with the delay by air. It was envisaged served the international Parties to the Convention of passengers, baggage that the convention would air transport community or a round trip from a State or cargo is addressed in be a universal treaty for for several decades (i.e., Party to the Convention Article 19.Consistent with governing airline liability in the Warsaw regime), with an agreed stopping provisions of the Warsaw the case of death or injury the new treaty achieves point in another State, Convention and its related to passengers, as well as in modernization in a number regardless of whether instruments, Article 20 cases of delay, damage or of key areas. that State is party to the details the conditions loss of baggage and cargo. Convention. under which a carrier can The most significant There are currently more exonerate itself, wholly changes have occurred Articles 3 through 11 than 135 parties to the or partly, from liability regarding the liability of the Convention Warsaw Convention by showing, for example, of air carriers in case of discuss documentation either in its original form that the person claiming passenger's injury or death. requirements for compensation caused or one of its amended international air carriage of Montreal Convention or contributed to the forms. Some countries passengers, baggage, and consists of a preamble and damage by negligence or separately have adopted cargo. Most significantly, a total of 57 articles, which a wrongful act or omission. laws or regulations relating they preserve the benefits to international carrier are grouped into seven to the cargo industry The Convention, at Article liability. In addition, as noted chapters. The Convention achieved under Montreal 21, eliminates all arbitrary earlier, there are private retains the structure of Protocol No. 4, including limits on air carrier liability voluntary agreements the Warsaw Convention the elimination of the with respect to accident among carriers relating to and has the same scope of need for consignors victims. The carrier may liability like IAA and MIA. application as the original of cargo to complete avoid liability for the The result of these many Convention from1929. detailed airwaybills prior full amount of damages instruments is a patchwork The most notable features to consigning goods only if it proves that it of liability regimes. The new of the new Convention to a carrier. Under the was not negligent or Convention is designed include: new provisions, as under that a third party was to replace the Warsaw (1) it removes all arbitrary Montreal Protocol No. solely responsible for the Convention and all of its limits on recovery for 4, consignors may use damages. Thus, victims or

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their heirs may recover all Revised limit (SDRs) as of 28 December 2019 provable damages allowed Article 21 under applicable State law, in contrast to the arbitrary Compensation in Case of Death or Injury to Passengers 100,000 113,100 128,821 caps under the Warsaw Article 22, paragraph 1 Convention and its related Limits of Liability in Relation to Delay 4,150 4,694 5,346 instruments. As a further Article 22, paragraph 2 benefit for accident Limits of Liability in Relation to Baggage 1,000 1,131 1,288 victims, Article 21 holds carriers strictly liable for Article 22, paragraph 3 the first 100,000 SDR of Limits of Liability in Relation to Cargo 17 19 22 proven damages for each passenger, i.e., the carrier are sought. Article 22 eliminating of the limits of (1) of its incorporation, generally preserves limits liability established by the may not avoid liability for (2) of its principal place of on liability in relation to Convention. As a result of this amount, even if the business; carrier can prove that the delay, baggage, and cargo. the first review of limits of harm was not caused by These limits; liability conducted by ICAO (3) where the ticket was in accordance with Article purchased, and its negligence. The only 5,346 SDR for delay of 24, exception to this strict passengers; (4) of destination of the liability is that the carrier The Convention has a passenger. Article 33(2) of 1,288 SDR per passenger for may be able to avoid provision on advance the new Convention allows claims related to baggage; paying any damages payments, Article 28, which cases involving the death under the exoneration (i.e., 22 SDR per kilogram for acknowledges the right of or injury of a passenger to contributory negligence) cargo. States to have national be brought in the country provisions of Article 20. laws that require their of the passenger's principal Article 24 of the Convention own carriers to make such and permanent residence, Two-tiered provides for inflation based payments in the event of so long as the carrier liability regime increases every five years of passenger death or injury provides service to that the various SDR amounts First Tier: Under the and addresses certain country, either directly or and limits that remain in Montreal Convention, procedural issues related via a code share or other the Convention. Operation air carriers are strictly to such payments. similar arrangement with of the provision would liable for proven damages another carrier, and the result in inflation-based The Convention also up to 100,000 SDR carrier conducts business increases whenever the amended the jurisdictional revised:128.821 special there from premises leased inflation factor exceeds provisions of Warsaw and drawing rights (SDR). or owned by it or by a ten percent at the time now allows the victim or carrier with which it has a Second Tier: Where of a review. However, if a their families to sue foreign commercial arrangement, damages of more majority of States Parties carriers where they maintain for example, a code-share than 100.000 SDR register timely disapproval their principal residence arrangement. Given the revised:128.821 SDR are of an increase, then the and requires all air carriers number of carriers whose sought, the airline may matter is referred to a to carry liability insurance. operations in the United avoid liability by proving meeting of States Parties. The Convention's provision States satisfy these that the accident, This provision applies to the on jurisdiction, Article 33, criteria, this fifth jurisdiction which caused the injury limit of ``strict'' liability set the creation of a ``fifth provision should ensure that or death was not due by Article 21 for passenger jurisdiction'' to supplement nearly all U.S. citizens and to their negligence or claims and the Article 22 the four bases of jurisdiction other permanent residents was attributable to the limits in relation to delay, provided under the Warsaw of the United States have negligence of a third party baggage and cargo. Convention. Article 33(1), access to U.S. courts to and this second tier has no like the Warsaw Convention, Article 25 acknowledges pursue claims under the limit. This defense is not allows a suit to be brought the rights of carriers to Convention available where damages against a carrier in the stipulate the raising or of less than 128.821 SDR country:

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Women of Aviation Worldwide Week (WOAW) Begins on March 2nd by Can Erel

Women of Aviation Worldwide Week (WOAW) Bir toplum aynı amaca bütün kadınları ve erkekleriyle beraber yürümez ise is a global aviation ilerlemesine teknik olarak imkân ve bilimsel olarak ihtimal yoktur. awareness week for girls of all ages which If a society does not march towards its goal with all its women and men together, is observed to mark the it is not technically posible and scientifically probable for such country to develop. anniversary of the world’s first female pilot license (March 8, 1910).

Individuals and organizations involve in the aviation and space visibility. events are flights. I hope balance in the aviation industries are offering that more flights will take industry. It established the flying and non-flying iWOAW supports and place this year in Turkey, “Gender Balance Fostering events all around the monitors the Week’s especially since they may Commission” to implement world to raise awareness events, compiles global qualify young women for this directive throughout and introduce women and participation results, a $10,000 flight training the aviation industry. girls of all ages to multiple distributes the coveted scholarship offered by After the issuance of facets of the industries. Fly It Forward® Awards, iWOAW and its corporate the instructions to the The aim is to foster gender and also grants awards to ally, CAE. entire industry, “Women balance by increasing participants, and publicly of Aviation Worldwide the participation of recognizes participating The Directorate General of Week” begun to be women. WOAW-relevant organizations with the Civil Aviation (DGCA), the officially celebrated in our events and activities “Verified Women Friendly” civil aviation authority in country where efforts to may be registered on the label. Turkey, initially issued the develop gender balance Week’s official website, “Instruction for Gender In Turkey, many eligible in our national aviation WomenOfAviationWeek. Balance Fostering in Civil events have been held in throughout the year have org, managed by the Aviation” as part of a recent years and some expanded and the progress Institute for Women systematic effort based won global Fly It Forward® is proudly shared with the of Aviation Worldwide on an equal opportunities Awards. The only missing public. (iWOAW) to ensure global policy to foster gender element so far at these

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The 10th annual Women of Aviation Worldwide Week takes place March 2-8 and uses hashtag #WOAW20 in social media. About #WOAW20

You may find all the details concerning Women of Aviation Worldwide Week by visiting the official website at WomenOfAviationWeek. org

In order to download documents and add planned events to the database, you must • WOAW event details, main events of "Women foster the gender balance subscribe on the website • Stories about past and of Aviation Worldwide in the national aviation and login. Doing so yields present women in the air Week" in Turkey, which and aerospace industry? WOAW Points redeemable and space industry, will be held with the Do you have any activities on the website’s store and participation and support • Highlight of efforts to organized within the may make individuals and of the industry under foster gender balance in scope of Women of organizations eligible to the aviation industry, the auspices of DGCA, Aviation Worldwide win Fly It Forward® Awards observed to mark the • The importance and Week? if post-event reports effects of increasing opening of the "Istanbul are submitted before the number and level of Airport" last year, will Let’s talk. the March 12 deadline. women in the industry, be held with the theme Contact us and let's raise New methods are also "Women at the Airport". And any motivating good awareness together… determined for corporate news... Details can be reached at participation and regularly www.tcdg.org.tr web site...... to let women, soar! “Gender Balance announced on the website Symposium 2020” as the So, what do you do to as well.

In addition, I have prepared the "CAN’CA Women of Aviation Worldwide Week Guide", as part of the mentoring that I offered to Turkish-speaking countries for the past few years ago, which can also serve as a guide for local event organizers.

Before and during the Week, please share the following on social media with # WOAW20:

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Let Your Dreams Soar! Aviatricies Meet in Istanbul at this year’s Women of Aviation Worldwide Week Under the auspices of the Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA), the “Fostering Social Gender Balance” symposium will be held at the Turkish Civil Aviation Academy (Istanbul) on Wednesday, March 4, 2020, with the theme of “Women in Airports.” Within the scope of The DGCA sets up and the Women Of Aviation enforces rules in Turkey Worldwide Week activities, to increase sector-based which aims to foster capacity, productivity, and gender balance in aviation aviation activities and by increasing the number checks the implementation and level of women in the of the regulations set by aviation industry, this year, the International Civil within the scope of the Aviation Organization Gender Balance Fostering (ICAO) to ensure that the Instruction (SHT-TCD), aviation activities are the Directorate General carried out safely and of Civil Aviation (DGCA) securely. In this context, will organize a symposium within the framework of on “gender balance at the “Principle of Equality” education and training participated in the essay the Turkish Civil Aviation in the Turkish Constitution, areas related to aviation, contest related to the Academy (Istanbul) on the DGCA published the to monitor gender balance women of aviation will also Wednesday, March 4, 2020, Gender Balance Fostering in the civil aviation sector be invited to the event. with the theme of “Women Instruction (SHT-TCD) and to develop proposals to You can find detailed in Airports.” guide in 2018 to ensure foster this balance, and to information on the Gender the sustainability of the conduct studies to create In line with the Institute Balance Symposium, which equality principle and to equality of opportunities for Women Of Aviation aims to contribute to foster foster a gender balance for genders in the selection Worldwide (iWOAW), and gender balance in Turkish in the national aviation of aviation professions. under the Instruction for civil aviation under SHT- industry. Gender Balance Fostering Within the scope of the TCD instruction at www. in Civil Aviation (SHT-TCD), As part of its systematic Symposium which will be tcdg.org.tr DGCA accepted the week efforts in the field of held during Women Of Editor Note: The date covering the 8th day of developing gender Aviation Worldwide Week of the Gender Balance March every year (between balance in aviation, the between March 2-8, 2020, Symposium has been Monday and Sunday) DGCA established the with the theme of "Women postponed due to the fact as “Women Of Aviation “Gender Balance Fostering in the Airports" due to the that Turkish Soldiers were Worldwide Week” in Commission (GBFC)” commissioning of Istanbul killed in the İdlib region of memory of the first female and the “Gender Balance Airport; two panels will be Syria on 27 February 2020. pilot of the world, Baroness Fostering Commission held at the Turkish Civil The rescheduled date of Raymonde de Laroche, Advisory Board (GBFC Aviation Academy titled: the Symposium will be obtaining her pilot license AB)” with members from "Women in Workforce in announced by the Gender on March 8, 1910, and the authority and selected the Airport" and "Women Balance Symposium organizes female outreach companies, schools and in Business & Management Executive Committee in events throughout Turkey NGOs in the aviation in the Airport" on March the coming days.. to foster gender balance sector to encourage 4, 2020. The successful in aviation. women to consider female students who

Being the First Turkish Female Pilot on an Airbus A380 Aircraft! Interview with Pilot Safiye Âdemoğlu Türkyılmaz...

The Dubai Air Show has an The Dubai Aviation Fair is I took the opportunity to Aviation Turkey magazine interesting story and has a commercial event that meet dear Safiye during at the Dubai Airshow. We come to the fore in global is followed with interest the Dubai Air Show, to met with dear Safiye, who trade during the last 25 in terms of global aviation give place her as “The serves in Turkey as a pilot years. The event was held and it offers a meeting and First Turkish Woman of the Airbus A380 aircraft this year on November 17- recreation environment A380 Pilot” in my study as the face of the Turkish 21, 2019 in Dubai. to aviators within the titled "Turkish Women in woman, on November 18, elements of the city that the Development Process 2019 in Dubai - UAE. This fair started being support this fair. As a team, of the Turkish National organized in 1986 as a small Safiye has been living we attended the fair to Aviation & Aerospace”, trade fair called "Arab Air" in Turkey for a long time follow the activities/events where I would like to pay at the Dubai World Trade and has been exciting the realized within the scope of tribute to the leading Center (DWTC). In 1989, Turkish people with her the fair, and to obtain first- women aviators in Turkey, it was then organized at work that make us very hand reviews of the content and in my conference using Dubai Airport with 200 proud. While flying all over and publication quality of this study as a source. participants and 25 aircraft the world with the A380 the second issue of Aviation covering civil and military Together with the valuable aircraft, the world’s biggest Turkey magazine, which aviation. The fair, which staff of Aviation Turkey commercial air vehicle, she we have configured as a was held at El Maktum magazine, we conducted keeps our flag flying. communication channel Airport this year with its a short interview with between Turkish aviation Let's start our short growing momentum over dear Safiye at the Dubai and global aviation. I also interview... time, has become a huge Shopping Mall as the first of had the opportunity to organization with more a series of studies that we Can Erel (CE): Hello Safiye, meet and have a pleasant than 1,200 companies will do with her in the future. welcome… conversation with Safiye in attendance and 160 Âdemoğlu Türkyılmaz, For our distinguished Safiye Ademoğlu aircraft from 87 countries another figure in Turkish readers, we wanted to Türkyılmaz (SAT): Thank and a business volume of aviation. make a difference at you, I’m glad to be here… US$ 54.5 billion.

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CE: You graduated from SAT: Yes. the Middle East Technical CE:What kind of motivation University before you encouraged you in this started your profession. way when you decided First of all, I would like to to be a pilot in a different know how you started country to fly an aircraft working in the aviation that was not available in sector and how you became our inventory? You have a role model. been in a male-dominated SAT: Of course, let me tell occupation for about ten you briefly. I was born and years now, and this platform raised in Bulgaria in a small is a little bit different from village. I came to Istanbul others. no A380 in the fleet of my pilot in command within the when I was 12 years old. previous company. So it next 3 years. SAT: Yes. was an aircraft I couldn't CE: You are a married It was my childhood dream fly there, but it was always CE: How did you feel about woman with a child, and to be a pilot... I couldn’t on my mind. There is it? What did your parents you are pursuing a longtime become a military pilot due another pride of flying an and your spouse feel about dream... Therefore, you can to an eye disorder. Then I A380 aircraft carrying 650 your decision? make an evaluation for the applied to the TK Academy passengers... and studied in the US. SAT: First of all, my family biggest concerns of women did not believe me when I I started flying on an Airbus who think about this issue, During this process, I applied to become a pilot; A320 as the First Officer, as a working mother and for stepped into aviation and they thought I was not with my dream of flying an those who are concerned now I'm flying an Airbus convincing. When they A380... Now I am living the about starting a family A380 aircraft. saw that I was successful dream of being a pilot in and having a child while CE: May I ask the on this subject later, they command on this aircraft... piloting... Because you are one of the best examples importance of the school supported me a lot. CE: When do you think you you studied at for the level which prove this is very well When I was in Istanbul, will you become an A380 you have reached today in possible. We would be glad flying an Airbus A380 was pilot? your profession? if you could share a bit with my dream. But there was SAT: I expect to be an A380 us about how your family SAT: The Middle East supports you in such a Technical University? position...

CE: Yes, METU! SAT: Yes, I’ve been asked SAT: Of course, METU this question a lot; what expanded my horizons very are you doing as a mother, much. how can you manage this during the flights? First of CE: A university like this has all, I should mention that undoubtedly made this path a supportive spouse is shorter and more effective. incredibly important in this SAT: Yes, certainly... regard...

CE: On this occasion, let’s I was constantly telling remember those who have my son, starting from his established this valuable babyhood…” look mommy university and the pride is going to fly now, but I'll be and respect that our METU back ..." He's such a mature graduates bring to our and understanding child country. now; Although he’s two and

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an interview series called Thank you very much for "Being a Woman Aviator in sharing such beneficial this Geography ..." information.

SAT: Great! Muhammed Yılmaz (MY): Thank you very much, first CE: In the first interview of all, for taking the time ... In in this series, I would like fact, I have a question that include this interview with everyone is often curious you as "The First Turkish about and I am sure you Woman A380 Pilot" and have been this question then I would like to refer asked many times. Have you, with this title, in the ever had an unforgettable conference titled "Turkish moment while flying the Women in the Development Airbus A380, whether Process of the Turkish negative or positive? National Aviation & Except for your first flight, Aerospace". you probably haven't SAT: Sure, thank you very forgotten your first flight much! with the A380... a half years old, he doesn’t CE: Is it possible to do this cry, when I leave, he waves work without support? CE: Now, let me hand SAT: Absolutely, I couldn't at me and says “see you you over to my other forget my first flight, you're SAT: It’s difficult without mom, have a good flight!". colleagues... right. However, we haven’t support; raising a child experienced any technical It is not difficult when would be difficult, so your Şebnem Akalın (ŞA): Thank problems. there is sympathy and spouse must understand you very much firstly for understanding; it’s a you first. both taking the time and MY: Great; I hope you don't profession that can be sharing your experiences ever experience any issues. CE: Let’s also talk about the done successfully with with us, because we know issue of gender balance in SAT: I hope we don't... the family support. that piloting is a difficult aviation. This is something A380 is a long-haul aircraft job for a woman. I hereby strongly that we have been trying and it's really safe... recommend it to all to address and develop for SAT: It looks quite difficult, CE: If you have the chance young girls... If you really a long time. In the aviation you’re right... to come back again to this have the desire inside industry, you are one of the Şebnem AKALIN (ŞA): world, would you follow the your heart, the desire to flag-bearers in our struggle Although it is difficult, it same path? fly, please do not give to increase the number and is not a profession that up, try hard. Piloting is a level of women by providing SAT: I would be a pilot cannot be achieved as profession that can easily equal opportunities to both again, yes! a woman as you have be performed with family genders in the aviation mentioned since the CE: You are crystal clear? support. industry. Soon, I’ll have beginning of our interview. SAT: So very clear, yes. Actually, I don’t have a particular aircraft preference, I just really like to fly.

CE: You took the time for this short interview, you left your child and spouse at home and you were with us on your day off, thank you very much we appreciate it.

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And I was looking to donate a plane to the forward to publishing this Ottoman army. DGCA Gender valuable interview on a Taking into account very important day for that Belkıs Şevket, who Balance Turkish aviation and for distributed informative Turkish women. Finally, the leaflets during this flight, Fostering moment came… the 106th had a flight mission (other anniversary of the flight than passenger status), and Commission Met of Ms. Belkıs Şevket, a considering that she was member of the "Association "The First Turkish Aviatrix" in Ankara for the Protection of in addition to her title of Women's Rights" and one "The First Turkish Woman of the writers of Kadınlar Flying by Plane", and that Dünyası (“The World of she was also a Muslim Women”) journal... woman in addition to being I am really happy to talk a Turkish woman, I hereby about this important day propose once more that in this article and to be able this should be accepted to commemorate both of and declared accordingly the developments led by our by the related authorities. proud women. I would like to convey my I had better talk about this sincere thanks to Şebnem day briefly: Akalın and Muhammet Yılmaz for attending this Ms. Belkıs Şevket flew on valuable interview with the Deperdussin aircraft me, where I commemorate named "Ottoman" under these two important and The commission meeting Worldwide (WOAW) the control the pilot Fethi sources of pride for Turkish took place at the Week" organized with the Bey, over the field of the women, and my thanks to Hezarfen Ahmet Çelebi theme of “Women in the Pilot Ayastefanos Aviation Cem Akalın who recorded Meeting Room of the Airports”. School on December 1, this interview and to Ayşe Directorate General of 1913, for the publicity of The event will also Betül Ercan who deciphered Civil Aviation (DGCA) in the Turkish woman and commemorate the the audio recording. Ankara on January 9th, collecting monetary aid opening of the Istanbul 2020. Airport and to celebrate One of the decisions the 110th anniversary of taken was that a Gender the licensing of the world's Balance Symposium, to first female pilot. be held on March 4th, Aviation Turkey 2020 at the Turkish magazine participated Civil Aviation Academy in the meeting as the in Istanbul, would be commission's press the main event for the sponsor "Women of Aviation

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Another Step Towards Gender Equality in Business Pegasus Airlines signs up to join IATA’s ‘25by2025’ pledge

November 21, 2019; In line with Pegasus Airlines’ ongoing efforts to promote gender equality in business and the aviation sector, Pegasus has signed IATA’s “25by2025” initiative. In a ceremony held in Berlin, Germany, Pegasus Airlines CEO and IATA Board Member Mehmet T. Nane signed a gender balance pledge for the © Pegasus company as part of a Mehmet T. Nane- Pegasus Airlines CEO & IATA Board Member voluntary campaign for IATA member airlines within Pegasus Airlines, make their career by and to improve the quality to improve female from pilots to senior linking the world,” said and quantity of roles representation by up to management. Having Alexandre de Juniac, available to women in 25% in senior or under- made this pledge, and IATA’s Director General the sector. Also, as part represented roles in the with our continued and CEO. of the “CEO Manifesto industry by 2025. commitment to gender in Support of Gender In 2016, Pegasus Airlines equality, increasing Equality” prepared by Commenting on the became the first airline in the number of female the Professional Women’s initiative, Mehmet T. Nane the world to endorse the employees at Pegasus Network (PWA) Istanbul, said: “Gender equality is United Nations Women’s will now to be one of our Pegasus Airlines CEO a very important and Empowerment Principles primary goals moving Mehmet T. Nane has ongoing issue for us at (WEPs), illustrating the forward.” enlisted his voluntary Pegasus Airlines and it significance that the services as a ‘PWN is demonstrated by the “We welcome Pegasus’s airline places on gender Equality Ambassador’ successful initiatives commitment to the equality and the role of with the mission to we’ve implemented thus 25by2025 campaign. We women in business and the increase public awareness far. By signing IATA’s need a skilled, diverse workplace. As a member around the issue. Pegasus ‘25by2025’ initiative, and gender balanced of Turkey’s Directorate also supports Women in we are now pledging to workforce to meet the General of Civil Aviation Sales (WiS) which is a improve gender balance growing needs of our Committee for the platform co-chaired by in our workplace. We are customers. Aviation is Development of Social Pegasus Airlines Chief proud to be among the the business of freedom. Gender Balance, Pegasus Commercial Officer first airlines in the world And 25by2025 will help Airlines continues to Güliz Öztürk to increase to have taken this pledge. this important global support awareness- the gender balance We are also proud to industry be an even better raising programs for between women and have women excelling in employment opportunity women regarding job men in company sales their fields at every level for all people looking to opportunities in aviation, departments.

INTERVIEW

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“Female Aviators Touch all Business Lines in Aviation” Women of Aviation Worldwide Week has been celebrating annually since 2010, worldwide and it is between the 2nd and 8th of March this year. Within this scope, we talked with İrem Hiçyorulmaz General Manager of Fly Service Turkey for her insight into the power of women in the aviation sector.

Aviation Turkey: European companies. A meeting with Mr. Gökhan gladly say that I learned the You represent Fly Service year later, our paths crossed Sarıgöl was actually in our job from the best. Turkey, a company which with Mr. Sarıgöl, and now we office when I was coloring Aviation Turkey: provides Representation- are celebrating the 25th my Hapag Lloyd coloring What can you tell us about Supervision services to anniversary of Fly Service book. I could not believe it the positive and negative aircraft arriving in our together. when he said, referring to my factors that you had country with a C Group coloring…”If this is not great, As the manager of the encountered since you permit which it has under then what is it!” company Fly Service, with started this business? the Regulation on Airports more than half of which are Aviation Turkey: Ground Handling Services İrem Hiçyorulmaz: Our women employees, I can Your entry into the (SHY-22). You have been profession is both mentally honestly say that, although aviation sector in the working for a long time in a and physically tiring, with the aviation industry is a field of "Representation- male-dominated industry long working hours. But at male-dominated industry, Supervision" services and the female/male the end of the day, every female aviators have started with working at ratio is below the industry successful operation always made a big impact. your father's company average. Now you are the and every challenge we You can clearly see the and then continued with General Manager of one overcome provides us with effects of a women's touch managing it. What could of the industry's leading a great sense of happiness. on all business lines in the you tell us about your companies. We are curious The comfort and joy we sector. father, who is remembered to learn more about how receive at the end of a as a respected aviator by you and your company have Aviation Turkey: How successful operation help those who know him and the reached this stage... did you become interested us to rest our tiredness both Süha Hiçyorulmaz Turizm in aviation? Was it a physically and mentally. İrem Hiçyorulmaz: This company? childhood aspiration and year I am celebrating my The biggest problem we when did you decide to work İrem Hiçyorulmaz: My father 20th year in the industry. face in our sector are the in this field? is one of the first to start I started my career in the foreign and domestic this business. Unfortunately, aviation sector during my İrem Hiçyorulmaz: Being political problems that our we had losses among his university education, and I the daughter of a veteran country faces periodically respectable friends just like today still continue to work aviator father is not enough; and the significant financial him. In fact, aviation during with the same passion trust me, you need to love it. losses that come along with their time is full of notable and happiness. I have Of course, when your first it. Actually, we are used to memories and friendships been working as a female and eternal love is your it now, and we know that it that should be passed manager in the industry for father, there are many more will always continue like this. down from generation to many years. to come... I got on a plane for Unfortunately, our losses generation. I learned a lot the first time when I was 3, are high in crises, but our Before Fly Service I had a from them, I gained a lot, and I could say that I could immunity is getting stronger company of my own that and most importantly, I not separate from them as well. provided “Representation – gained my work ethic from since I was 4. I still remember Supervision – Management” them. I have a surname Aviation Turkey: Can the joy of going to the office services. After the crisis that I proudly carry, and you inform us about the with my father at every in the tourism sector in in this industry, this is an activities of Fly Service opportunity and being at 2017, I decided to close invaluable legacy. Hopefully, Turkey, what are the the airport... Just to see my company as I served I am making him proud, I can features that distinguish it the planes...In fact, our first

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from its competitors? As the main event of 2020, the Directorate General of İrem Hiçyorulmaz: As Fly Civil Aviation will organize Service, we have more than a "Social Gender Balance 25 years of experience in Improvement" symposium the industry. Fly Service at the Turkish Civil Aviation Turkey currently serves Academy (Istanbul) on 75 airlines from different March 4, 2020, with the geographies and cultures. theme of "Women at the This diversity creates both Airport." This year, I will new requirements and poses also attend as a speaker significant challenges in at the 'Women Deciding/ the commercial sense. Managing at the Airport' Our difference from panel. Thus, I invite everyone, our competitors is that especially all my fellow our quality of service aviators, to this symposium. is recognized globally, thanks to our established I will continue to take part in sustainable business all kinds of activities, which partnerships. Considering will increase the social the number of airline awareness for the education companies that we have Turkey © Aviation and training of women and been walking on the same their participation in the path with for so many years, aspect of the sector. In this the "Social Gender Balance sector. Because based prioritizing our quality of regard, Mr. Gökhan Sarıgöl Improvement" initiative on gender determination, service and customers is is already a profoundly with the contributions asymmetry is experienced what makes us different. important name in the of the aviation industry in almost every field in sector with the books he organizations and created Turkey today throughout Aviation Turkey: What wrote and the aviation a regulation based on this society. However, it should are Fly Service Turkey’s museum he founded, and instruction (SHT-TCD). In not be forgotten that there plans for its upcoming 25th also many more fascinating this context, DGCA began is no asymmetry in aviation. anniversary? projects are on the way. to evaluate this issue If Women Soar, Life Will İrem Hiçyorulmaz: An throughout the country Aviation Turkey: As an Soar! incredibly large summer by forming a commission aviator who has become a operation awaits us on and commission advisory Aviation Turkey: Is general manager in the our 25th year. We have board. To celebrate the there anything else you aviation industry, what signed great collaboration 100th anniversary of the would like to add? can you tell us about your agreements and we will world's first female pilot company's activities that İrem Hiçyorulmaz: It was a be happy to see these license issued to Raymonde improve the gender balance great privilege to know this companies at our airports. de Laroche on March 8, and its future plans, and family. You have brought a We expect a 20% increase 1910, the whole week of also your evaluations world-class magazine to in our turnover this season. March 8 was announced about Women of Aviation the aviation sector with as the Women of Aviation We accomplish challenging Worldwide Week? such meticulous care, and Worldwide Week in 2010. operations as part of our from the heart I wish for our İrem Hiçyorulmaz: Turkey During this week, the business, but we will also cooperation to continue... became the leading country Directorate General of sign important projects in promoting gender Civil Aviation encourages Aviation Turkey: with a highly prestigious equality in world aviation, to organize activities that Thank you for taking the university. In our 25th year, with its systematic efforts will improve gender balance time for our interview and we know that we should and operations in this field. in aviation by increasing the sharing your knowledge and accomplish projects that The Directorate General number and level of women thoughts with us will highlight the quality of Civil Aviation launched in the aviation industry.

NEWS

SunExpress Grew by 10% in 2019 Celebrating its 30th year in aviation and tourism this year, SunExpress, a joint venture between Turkish Airlines and Lufthansa, achieved the highest revenue in its history in 2019, setting a new record. SunExpress grew by 10% in 2019, compared to the previous year and generated a revenue of over 1.4 billion euros. SunExpress welcomed over 10 million passengers on board in 2019 and the load factor was 83%. SunExpress CEO

Jens Bischof, speaking © SunExpress at the press conference Jens Bischof and Dr. Max Kownatzki organized in Istanbul on February 18th, stated that and Aegean regions for the first time, will offer and then will start serving SunExpress continued its with scheduled flights. an increase in frequency other airlines later.”This steady growth with its In addition, we directly from many destinations summer SunExpress strong financial structure connect a record number on the Antalya to Europe continues to strengthen for three years in a row. of Anatolian cities to flight network. The airline its position in Izmir by “In 2019, we achieved Europe. This summer, we will increase weekly flights offering 1.9 million seats the highest revenue in will operate scheduled to Budapest to six, Vienna from Europe to Izmir. our history with over 1.4 direct flights to 39 to five, Brussels to four, SunExpress, the airline billion Euros in 2019, a destinations in Europe Prague and Paris to three, that connects Izmir to growth of 10 % compared from 17 cities in Turkey.” and Lyon to two. During the highest number to the previous year. We SunExpress, which the summer of 2020, of destinations with welcomed over 10 million connects Antalya with SunExpress will connect scheduled and direct passengers in 2019. With the most international Antalya to 8 domestic flights on international our strong financial destinations with direct destinations and 43 routes, is adding five structure and expertise scheduled flights, is international destinations. new destinations in this as a leisure carrier, we now offering the highest Giving information about summer season to its will continue to be the number of seats in the their hangar investment flight network: Milan, backbone of air travel company’s history to in Antalya, Bischof said, Ercan (Cyprus), Budapest, for the Turkish tourism Antalya. As Turkey’s “As one of the largest Prague and Skopje. industry in 2020.”With tourism capital and companies and biggest SunExpress offers three the vision of creating an SunExpress’ home base, employers in Antalya, we daily flights from Izmir to air bridge between Turkey Antalya will be served are making a significant Frankfurt, Düsseldorf and and Europe, SunExpress with over 4.5 million seats investment in our Munich, increasing Paris offers a record capacity for both domestic and maintenance and repair flights to five per week, of 7 million seats between international market center, which we expect London flights to three per Europe and Turkey in 2020 during the summer to be operational by the week and Dublin flights to summer. Bischof said, “We of 2020. SunExpress, end of 2021. The project two per week. SunExpress are the airline carrying the which begins flying from will be a first in Antalya will connect Izmir to 13 highest number of tourists Antalya to Bremen and and the center will initially cities on domestic routes to the Mediterranean to Marseille this summer serve SunExpress aircraft and 38 destinations on

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international routes this million seats from 13 for Turkish tourismBischof record capacity increase year.Bischof highlighted: Anatolian cities to 17 stated: “We have proven by the airline for 2020 is a “Initially, our Anatolian European cities with direct once again that we are reflection of a new record flights were introduced in scheduled flights. This a very important part of forecast in Turkish tourism. 2010 for the purpose of summer SunExpress will Turkish tourism with our “At the end of the meeting, facilitating mutual family start flying from Adana flights between Turkey and Jens Bischof, the outgoing visits by Turks living in to Hamburg, Vienna and Europe. We predicted that CEO of SunExpress, said Europe. Since then, these Brussels, from Balıkesir 2019 would be a record that he will take over as direct scheduled Anatolian (Edremit) and Eskişehir to year for Turkish tourism, CEO of Eurowings on flights have continued Düsseldorf, from Malatya and so it was. SunExpress March 1 and introduced and become SunExpress’ to Frankfurt, and from is the world’s fifth best Dr. Max Kownatzki as the fastest-growing market. Konya to Helsinki.2020 is leisure airline and Turkey’s new CEO of SunExpress We now offer almost 1 set to be a year of records best leisure airline, and this from April 15. STATUS

The Crisis that Turned Boeing Upside Down: 737 MAX by Muhammed Yılmaz The crisis of the 737 airplanes that caused MAX is getting deep for the biggest bottleneck the U.S. manufacturer to Boeing throughout the Boeing. According to the company’s history of 100 financial data of 2019, years has been halted Boeing declared a loss as of 2020. It is claimed on a yearly basis for the that a new problem was first time after a 23-year arising almost every day © Lindsey Wasson / REUTERS period and announced during the ongoing tests this eventually affected that it concluded the and software update generation systems and the performance of the year with a loss of US$ processes. The relaunch more efficient engines. 636 million. With the burst date of the airplanes’ The first member of the airplane. In particular, the of the 737 MAX crisis, the flight operations is still family MAX-8 took to the angle of attack of the gross orders received by not clear. Despite the skies for the first time on airplane increased more the company fell by 77% increasing compensation January 29, 2016. MAX than required during down to 246, then it closed bills and the problems that received the title of world’s climbing. fastest selling airplane the year with merely 54 they strive to solve, the As a result of this model with over 5,000 net orders due to the new CEO of the company development, the orders placed in a short cancellations and changes David Calhoun hopes that MCAS (Maneuvering while and it was launched in the orders. they will be relaunching Characteristics the airplanes within the to service within Malindo Declaring 2020 as the Augmentation System) first half of the year. Air’s fleet for the first time year for resurrection and was implemented on However, to the aviation on May 22, 2017. recovery, Boeing closed the Boeing airplanes for the industry this wish is far too month January without Boeing encountered first time in their history optimistic. Following are receiving any new orders. several problems during in order to avoid a stall. the prominent headlines The aviation archives the design stage of the 737 On account of this new and the chronology of the reveal that the giant MAX and had to overcome system, depending on incidents throughout the airplane manufacturer these bottlenecks. The the angle of attack during 737 MAX crisis. was experiencing this new generation LEAP 1 the elevation, the airplane type of crisis for the first The crisis upon engines developed for automatically adjusted the new airplane for a the trim as its nose went time since 1962. To sum up, the accidents things are not on track for targeted fuel saving of up and pressed its nose Boeing! Aiming to reduce its 14 percent was bigger downwards. than the engines utilized production costs and On October 29, 2018, After the two fatal crashes by the previous models. wishing to increase its the 737 MAX of Lion Air within 5 months that Therefore, the landing competition with its crashed 11 minutes after left 346 people dead, gear of the airplane was European rival Airbus its take off in Jakarta, the flights of 737 MAX lifted up, and the engines A320 in the single-aisle and on March 11, 2019, airplanes were suspended jetliner, Boeing developed were slightly pushed Ethiopian Airlines’ 737 across the world on the 737 MAX that is the forward and moved away MAX-8 plunged into March 12, 2019 and none from the hull. However, fourth generation of 737 farmland 6 minutes after of these airplanes have such actions caused series which conducted its take off in Addis Ababa. taken flight since. The changes in the airplane’s its maiden flight in 1967 The evolution of both production of the 737 MAX and reinforced it with new center of gravity and

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Muilenburg accepted each other that caused that the MCAS pressing a short circuit problem. the nose of the airplane Determining whether or downwards played key not the wiring bundles roles in both accidents of approximately 800 and apologized for the airplanes manufactured loss of lives. so far needed to be taken apart will also reveal the Risk of short road map for the solution. circuit in 737 Boeing claims that even MAX airplanes if such correction is required, 1 to 2 hours would The 737 MAX airplanes be sufficient for such a are being controlled process for every airplane. down to the last detail Since the company both by Boeing Company is afraid of causing accidents is quite similar, Experts criticized Boeing’s and the regulators and it additional damage to and all the signs indicated original software design is speculated that new the wires during such a a potential problem in the based on the data problems beyond the repair process, it is not MCAS system. transmitted from the software-oriented issues willing to make changes sensor of a single angle were being emerged on the wiring system of Flights were of attack and claimed in 737 MAX airplanes. the airplane. suspended that the reaction of the According to the latest Following the second MCAS system in case of claims, problems were Engines also accident, within nearly a breakdown of one of the experienced in the wiring examined in 4 days, the flights of all sensors of angle of attack system and engines of detail Boeing 737 MAX airplanes had not been tested and the airplane bearing a (371 airplanes) were that the airplane was potential of a short circuit Engines of the 737 MAX temporarily grounding defenseless against in-flight. airplanes are being inconsistency of the data examined in detail by until they proved their The wiring system enabled received. Pilots of many the regulators as well. safety. Nearly 20% loss of the control of 737 MAX airline companies claimed FAA officials detected a value occurred in Boeing’s airplanes’ tails and the that no information on the structural weakness in one shares and the U.S. emergence of potential deactivation of the MCAS of the engines powering manufacturer experienced risks that were not tackled system was included in the 737 MAX airplanes. The its biggest turbulence before are claimed to be the documents of the engines were developed during its 102-year long included in the issues that airplane as well as in the by CFM (a partnership history! need urgent attention. training process. of General Electric and Boeing is examining While the investigations Safran) and the identified After the investigation, if the two bundles of on the accidents weakness may have led to Boeing CEO Dennis wiring were too close to continued, it was revealed the failure. This potential that pilots operating the issue bears low probability Boeing 737 MAX airplanes in the breakdown for the had also severe concerns. time being and regulators The statement made by recommend that even Boeing Company in May though no steps were showed that they knew taken towards an urgent the plane was having correction, the airlines problems long before the should be checking as Lion Air accident and that many MAX engines as no measures regarding the possible prior to the © Boeing problem were adopted. relaunch of airplanes.

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Furthermore, previously, a manufacturing defect that left the airplane engines defenseless against lightning strikes was discovered.

Although merely for testing purposes, the MAX airplanes’ back in the air implies a very critical milestone in terms of the future of the airplane. The FAA insists that all the pilots should have compulsory simulator training when the 737 MAX airplanes are back in the air. © Boeing Production of the such as the extending of experienced due to the believed to reach US$ aircraft halted the certification process current condition in which 4.4 billion. Besides, nearly to 2020, the timing and the company can barely 3 thousand employees Upon the suspension of conditions of the relaunch find parking spaces for new were assigned to other the flights of the 737 MAX, of the airplanes, ambiguity airplanes. The continuation teams performing in other Boeing slowed down the of the global training of the manufacturing production programs production rate of the approvals, the priority process of the aircraft also due to the suspension of airplanes from 52 to 42 attached to the delivery implied serious problems production. The companies monthly. As the problems of the stored airplanes. for the company in terms of that were manufacturing continued and the relaunch finance and logistics. components for the 737 Delivery of nearly 400 of the 737 MAX was further MAX were mostly affected manufactured airplanes While monthly production delayed, the production of by the suspension of stored at Boeing facilities of 42 airplanes indicates the 737 airplanes that had production and many is estimated to take at a stock of US$ 1.5 billion never been interrupted companies experienced least a year. It is known per month for the company, for 53 years had to be financial bottlenecks. that severe problems were the quarterly cost is halted temporarily in the beginning of 2020.

Approximately 400 new Boeing 737 MAX airplanes were manufactured within nine months, but none have been delivered to the clients yet. The manufactured airplanes started to be stored at the facilities of the manufacturer. In its statement, Boeing announced that the decision for the suspension

of the production was © Boeing based on a series of factors Boeing's 737 MAX Production Line

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How will the Like many other airline CEO Steps Down financing commitments Airlines persuade executives, Emirates due to 737 MAX of over US$ 12 billion from Airlines President Tim Clark various banks. Calhoun the passengers recommended that Boeing Crisis! declared that the name to fly with the should change the name In a statement made by of the airplane would 737 MAX? ‘MAX’. the Executive Board of remain as 737 MAX adding that they did not plan any While the efforts to Senators accuse Boeing on December 24, shortly after the testimony, changes. relaunch the 737 MAX keep Boeing of on, the airline companies it was announced that MAX 10 quietly building ‘Flying a decision was taken with these airplanes in their rolled-out from fleet are developing various Coffins’ to make changes in the executive management the factory! communication strategies Giving his testimony at in order to build the trust by thinking of ways to the U.S. Senate on October Boeing quietly rolled out to company while they wipe out the passengers’ 29, 2019, regarding the 737 the newest and biggest strived to correct relations negative perception of the MAX accidents taking place model of 737 MAX family, with regulators, authorities, MAX. in Indonesia and Ethiopia, the 737 MAX 10 from the customers and all other Boeing CEO Dennis factory on November Oscar Munoz, the CEO of stakeholders. Having Muilenburg shared that they 22, 2019. Despite the United Airlines, one of the 3 assumed various positions learned from both accidents statement that the major airlines of the United at Boeing since 1985 and and identified changes that airplane would be going States made a statement having become the CEO of need to made, adding that through system controls on this controversial issue. the company in July 2015, he did not intend to resign. and engine running stages Underlining that they will 55-year-old Muilenburg prior to the maiden flight be completely transparent The Senators accused stepped down. The shares planned to take place in to their customers, Munoz Boeing of putting profits of Boeing experiencing a July 2020, no exact date stated that they would over safety. The Senator decline of 21% following regarding the flight has not allow anyone fly with of Connecticut Richard the 737 MAX accidents and been given. It is presumed an airplane that they do Blumenthal accused then rose by 3% upon the that the date would depend not trust! Passengers who Boeing of deliberately resignation announcement. on the recertification of claim that they do not feel concealing the defects Having remained on the the MAX 8 and 9 airplanes. comfortable or safe during though being aware of them Executive Board of Boeing the boarding process and and blamed the company 737 MAX 10 was since 2009, David Calhoun even the passengers at the of manufacturing a "flying manufactured to compete was assigned as the gate with the same claim coffin”. The Senator of with its European rival company’s new CEO as of will be entitled to a new Mississippi Republican Airbus A321neo. With the January 13, 2020. Calhoun reservation without paying Roger Wicker said, “Both A321neo model, Airbus initially focused on the any extra charges. Munoz accidents could have been achieved a major market financial situation of the drew all attention with his prevented.” power by increasing its statement “This is a crucial company and secured call for us. We do not think that all passengers will be

cheerfully boarding the © Boeing flight with that airplane”. Also as part of the “it is the proof that counts not the word” approach in their management understanding, Munoz stated that he will be taking part in the first United 737 MAX flight. The roll-out ceremony of Boeing 737 MAX-10

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single-aisle passenger China, TUI Group, United that the company would intending to sue Boeing capacity to 239 and its Airlines, Flydubai, SpiceJet go for bankruptcy and that for the compensation of range to 5 thousand and WestJet are presently grounding of the 737 MAX the damages, according 700 kilometers. The U.S. the greatest operators of airplanes played a key to the official statement manufacturer strived to the airplane. 24 airplanes role in this development. made by Turkish Airlines dominate this market with out of nearly 1000 In other words, the crisis it was announced that the Boeing 757 airplanes aircrafts of the American caused by 737 MAX the losses and damages for long years, then Airlines fleet are 737 MAX. deepens in such a way occurred due to both developed the 737 MAX 85 flights out of the 6700 that would lead the airline grounded airplanes and 10 model. daily flights conducted companies to bankruptcy. the manufactured but not by the airline used to delivered 737 MAX would The range aimed for the be made with 737 MAX. THY reaches be compensated by Boeing single-aisle category is 6 Another U.S. airline, United an agreement in line with an agreement thousand 110 kilometers Airlines owns 14 737 MAX with Boeing on reached by the parties. and the seat capacity is 9 in its fleet. Containing maximum 230. It is claimed compensation The content of the the highest number of that MAX 10 airplanes Turkish Airlines and Boeing agreement reached was 737 MAX in its fleet with would be offering the came to an agreement not declared. However, 34 airplanes, Southwest’s lowest level in the cost of on the compensation Boeing accepted vast operations with MAX kilometer per seat among required to cover the amount of a compensation airplanes correspond all narrow-body aircraft. damages occurred due to for grounding as well as to 4% of the daily flight the worldwide grounding spare parts and training Announced at the Paris operations of the airline. services. Airshow for the first of the 737 MAX airplanes. All operators have time in 2017, the MAX 10 Turkish Airlines has 12 In line with the schedule adopted certain measures has achieved an order of 737 MAX airplanes that that has been recently to minimize the losses around 550 from over 20 were grounded since declared by Turkish caused by the crisis. airlines so far. With the March 2019. 11 of these Airlines, the airline aims Some companies changed order placed for 100 MAX airplanes are 737 MAX and to receive a total of 48 737 the flight program and 10s, United Airlines will the remaining airplane is MAX airplanes including cancelling certain flights be the first client of the a 737 MAX 9. The airline the MAX 9 model until or signed short term airplane. placed an order of 65 737 the end of 2020. However, airplane leasing contracts. MAX 8s and 10 737 MAX 9s these figures may vary Air Italy called for 737 MAX crisis to Boeing. due to the relaunch of the suspending the operations leading airlines While it was claimed airplane and the delivery in the beginning of to bankruptcy! that Turkish Airlines was schedule of Boeing February. It was claimed Another critical issue is how the losses occurred because of the suspended flights of 737 MAX airplanes would be compensated to the airlines. It was announced that the worldwide grounding of the airplanes costed over US$ 9 billion to Boeing as of the end of 2019.

Southwest, Air Canada, American Airlines, China Southern, Norwegian, Air Boeing 737 MAXs has been temporarily grounded since 14 March, 2019

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High-Tech Material Utilization Trend in the Assist. Prof. Dr. Tamer Saraçyakupoğlu Mechanical Engineer Aviation Industry The aviation industry is still growing even in the midst of the relative global recession due to the impact of an increased demand to fly. According to the International Air Transport Association (IATA) it is has been stated that 8.2 Billion people are expected to fly in 2037 (ICAO, 2016) whereas almost 4.5 Billion travelled by plane in 2019 (Statista, 2019). It means the number of passengers boarding will almost Figure 1. Environmental impacts associated with aircraft operation. Adapted from (Kavindu double through the next Ranasinghe, 2019) two decades. While we are talking about passenger better in the name of the it is estimated that it will in seven groups as demand it should be aviation industry, but reach 224 million tons in depicted in Figure 1 emphasized that the main unfortunately a lot of 2040 while hydrocarbons With a closer at a one- driver of the expanding environmental impacts (HC) were recorded to be hour-flight with narrow- aviation industry is due to have also become worse 57 thousand tons in 2017 body aircraft with an increase in air freight. as well. and it is estimated that the full crew and 150 it will reach 58 thousand While the aviation The main pollutants passengers on board, it tons in 2040. industry expands what emitted by aircraft can be observed that the are the impacts of the engines in operations are The aviation industry is amount of emissions are aviation industry on the Carbon Dioxide (CO2), mainly responsible for huge comparatively to environment? It is clear Nitrogen Oxides (NOX), approximately 2-3% air breathed. The Federal that aircraft create an Sulphur Oxides (SOX), of worldwide Carbon Office of Civil Aviation desirable impact on the Unburnt Hydrocarbons Dioxide (CO2) emissions (FOCA) depicted the environment. Consumers (HC), Carbon Monoxide and based on the most figure of a one-hour-flight can change their habits (CO), Particulate Matter current growth forecasts, with the perspective of and technical teams can (PM) and soot. this figure is expected to inhaled air and exhaled design cleaner and more double by 2050 (Penner emissions which are In accordance with the efficient technologies. All E,2000). Meanwhile, the demonstrated in Figure 2. 2019 European Aviation these factors are being maritime impact is worse Environmental Report, There are numerous realized at present. Since than aviation industry. two main impact drivers studies and research the 1970’s, the early days were CO2 emissions which The environmental work focused on reducing of environmentalism, were recorded to be163 impacts of an aircraft aviation emissions. There’s many aspects have gotten million tons in 2017 and operation are categorized a chicken-egg relation

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between the studies and the robustness of aviation companies. The more powerful aviation companies are, the more powerful their research studies become.

More fuel-efficient and less polluting turboprop and turbofan engines have been designed, developed and manufactured with the rise of novel technologies such as additive manufacturing techniques. Hybrid and electrically powered Figure 2. Emissions from a typical two-engine jet aircraft during a 1-hour flight with 150 aircraft are being passengers developed and prototypes 3.1% of annual global has a Maximum-Take- aviation fuel (Tsai, 2014) are showing up in the emissions which is greater Off-Weight (MTOW) of theater. But it must be kept The usage of composite than that of the aviation 396,890 kg, reducing 1 kg in mind that, none of this materials such as industry. in the MTOW results in research would be possible Carbon Fiber Reinforced 0.94 kg less CO emissions if the aviation industry In the aviation industry, 2 Polymers (CFRP) has and for an Airbus A330- was in a permanent the use of novel great benefits on reducing 300 which has an MTOW recession. Quite obviously technologies is not CO emissions. Composite of 242,000 kg, a reduction 2 it requires investments directly related with materials feature a by 1 kg in the MTOW to carry out emission environmental issues, variety of benefits which results in a reduction in reducing research. more so it is a natural include a high strength to CO emissions by 0.475 The funds for research result of engaging in fierce 2 weight ratio, an improved kg. Also, a reduction of 1 and development are competition. For example, resistance to corrosion, kg in carbon emissions can channeled from the profits a Boeing 747-400 which advanced fatigue also save up to 0.3 kg in of robust companies. As mentioned prior, direct emission from aviation is about 2-3% of overall global emissions. But, with this point it should be emphasized that maritime transportation has a more severe environmental impact than the aviation industry in accordance with the data provided by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) (IMO, 2019). According to the IMO’s website information, shipping activities Figure 3. The Spectrum of the Materials Which Are Used in the Boeing 787 Dreamliner. account for approximately

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resistance and the low cost of maintenance (Justin Hale, 2006). The density of steel is about 7.7–8.0 gr/cm3 and aluminum’s density is 2.7 gr/cm3 whereas typical CFRP material density is about 1.6 g/cm3 (Gorbatikh, L. Wardle, & V. Lomov, 2016). Even with just this comparison the Figure 4. The Spectrum of the Materials Which Are Used in the Airbus A350 XWB. popularity of CFRP usage can be understood. the aviation industry for use of AWJs a popular be implemented in the Previously, steel was cutting the part with given technique. For example, aviation industry as it converted to aluminum EOP. In Figure 5 an AWJ Boeing makes a 5-axis was in the past and it is at alloys and now composite machine in use is shown. AWJ machine a standard present. With the increase materials are taking This complicated cutting machine because during in new technologies the place of aluminum process gives advantages cutting operation, weight reduction studies materials. In Figure 3 the of cutting materials with the AWJ prevents will also increase by two composite usage in the high surface quality. With delamination, splitting major forces. The first Boeing 787 Dreamliner is the benefit of advantages and edge scratches force is directly a result shown. and capability of high (Shengxiong X, 2017). of fierce competition in quality surface AWJs have the aviation industry and All technologies have their It can be easily observed found a wide usage area the second one is the own pros and cons, as do that composite material in the aviation industry. pressure of addressing CFRPs. Many engineering usage is over 50%. The Machining large parts like environmental impacts. solution challenges are other major aircraft wings, tails and the skin For sure, in the near and far faced especially during the manufacturer company of aircraft is an enlarging future, CFRP and CFRP- disposal and retirement Airbus plays a significant trend requisition in the like materials will be seen phase in the name of life role in the industry and aviation industry. The more widely in facilities cycle management. has a similar strategy cutting of large composite of aircraft manufacturer regarding the use of materials as well as Sooner or later, more companies aircraft materials. In metallic ones makes the novel technologies will Figure 4 the percentage of composite material used in the Airbus A350 XWB aircraft is depicted.

After layering up the carbon and resin layers, and autoclave operations the most important stage of the whole manufacturing phase is to cut the materials with given End-of-Part (EOP) borderline (Hashish M. 2013). The Abrasive Water Jet (AWJ) is another novel technology used in Figure 5. AWJ Process

89 Hydrogen Fuel Cells that Assure Longer and More Efficient Drone Operations Could Point Way for Future Air Travel! by İbrahim Sünnetçi Operators of drones are is worth noting that every China have started to use noisy. Fuel cells are more increasingly demanding industry currently using fuel cells in their drone efficient than internal drones with enhanced drones could benefit systems. combustion engines, and range and flight from having a drone that unlike batteries, do not The main advantage of endurance capabilities, can stay in flight longer. need recharging and will fuel cells over lithium in order to fly further The drones are currently continue to operate as batteries (such as Lithium and for longer durations. widely used in a variety long as they are provided Ion and Lithium Polymer However, nowadays small of industries including with fuel. Improvements [LiPo]) is the fact that commercially available the military, security to lithium batteries, which they can keep a drone in drones are usually (providing persistent are possible with new the air a lot longer than able to achieve a flight intelligence and materials, will make this lithium batteries. Fuel time of 25 minutes or situational awareness type of batteries more cells are three times less, depending on the for protection of airports, efficient, however, if we more energy-dense number of rotors and/or borders, ports and consider the achieved than a conventional load, with their battery valuable assets), the oil increase in the energy drone battery. Internal power pack. It is a fact and gas industry, building density of today’s LiPo combustion engines that conventional LiPo inspections, agriculture, to the equivalent product provide much higher batteries with a short life rescue missions, and during last decade we energy densities than and long charging time emergency service. In would see just a steady batteries, but suffer requirements have been order to overcome the improvement of about 7% from a much higher limiting the flight duration problem of short flight a year, which is definitely initial cost, as well as of drones and hence duration (when it runs not a revolution, but a requiring extensive have somehow slowed on batteries) a number slow evolution. Moreover, regular maintenance and down the development of manufacturers in the the Lithium-ion (Li-Ion) overhaul. They are also of the Drone Industry. It U.S., Europe, Russia and batteries are highly

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converts hydrogen How do fuel into electricity by hydrogen combining hydrogen (H2) with oxygen (O) within the fuel cells fuel cell. The only exhaust work? emission of this reaction is water vapor (H2O). According to open sources hydrogen Though hydrogen gas generates three times as is widely available from much power per kilogram industrial gas suppliers compared to fossil fuels and hydrogen fuel cells - approximately 39.0 are three times more Kilowatt hours (kWh) per energy-dense (which kilogram compared with means the same weight roughly 13 kWh per kg for can generate more power) kerosene or petrol or just than a conventional LiPo 0.2 kWh for conventional drone battery, using lithium ion batteries. hydrogen for fuel also has some drawbacks. To turn hydrogen (H2) Such as; since hydrogen flammable, so a crash As the most abundant into fuel, it must be gas wants to move landing could trigger an chemical substance separated from other around this makes it so explosion and contrary on Earth, hydrogen elements, pressurized, explosive and hydrogen to internal combustion has been used for fuel and stored in a stable fuel cells generate a high engines fuel cells do not in fuel cells onboard environment (either in amount of heat, which is have moving parts, which drones since mid 2010s. the pressure cylinder, in high enough to melt the dramatically decrease Thanks to their greater an aluminum hydrogen plastic components used noise and maintenance energy density than reactor or in a solid, in commercial drones. costs as well as unit LiPo batteries hydrogen lightweight hydrogen The cost of producing replacement. So, fuel cells fuel cells are a better storage material, which hydrogen gas still stands still stand as an attractive fit for long-endurance is capable of releasing as a major obstacle to alternative to LiPo or flights than batteries. large quantities of affordable hydrogen other power options, Hydrogen drones have a hydrogen when gently technologies. Several like internal combustion higher endurance which heated, without proper technology companies engines for drones and is much longer than storage it could explode). around the globe (such UAVs. However, drones drones powered by LiPo To make this concrete, as Intelligent Energy, fitted with a hydrogen batteries. a hydrogen fuel cell fuel cell still have an auxiliary lithium battery Doosan DMI DS30 drone which starts the fuel cell and provides a backup source of power for the drone.

Every fuel cell requires two components; the main body of the power-generating unit and the fuel tank to be filled by hydrogen or any other gas or liquid.

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Ballard Power Systems, Cella Energy, Arcola Energy, BMPower, Doosan Mobility Innovations, Scottish Association for Marine Science (SAMS), Horizon Energy Systems (HES), and H2Go Power) have been working to develop affordable and cost-effective hydrogen

technologies for drones © MMC and UAV applications MMC Hydrone 1550 drone since the last decade. respectively. Fuel cell, and the first commercial Despite these drawbacks, however, is not affected by Hydrogen and ready-for-market there are also some big low temperatures. It even HPD in the world benefits to use hydrogen powered functions seamlessly at (HyDrone 1550, designed fuel cells to power a drone: -20°C drones on and manufactured • Extended mission time by Chinese-based • Cleaner fuel source than the market and distance (usually MicroMultiCopter [MMC] LiPo and other alternatives Hydrogen Powered Drones about 3x that of LiPo Aero Technology) was (HDPs) are drones that batteries for the same • Time to re-charge is released in 2016. Since use hydrogen as a power weight) dramatically reduced— then, more hydrogen- source. Representing a usually takes about fueled drones and hydrogen • Hydrogen is directly major breakthrough in five minutes (Once the fuel cells made for drones proportionate to the the drone market and hydrogen gas on board have been released, with requirements of flight creating a new era for the drone is exhausted, the newer models achieving time. In other words, more drones and UAVs the pressure cylinder can be greater and greater fuel, more weight, hence hydrogen fuel cell is a re-filled in as little as two enhancements. more time in the air new technology that many minutes, or replaced with drone companies are On January 19, 2015, the • Compared to batteries an another, full cylinder) adopting. The world’s first Scottish Association for and internal combustion • Opens up BVLOS hydrogen-fueled aircraft Marine Science (SAMS) engines hydrogen fuel (beyond-visual-line-of- (Raptor E1 drone) took to completed its first test cells provide quiet, reliable sight) possibilities for the skies in January 2015 flight with the Raptor and low-maintenance unmanned aircraft E1 drone (of Raptor UAS operation

• More efficient operation at higher altitudes than internal combustion engines and LiPo batteries

• Lithium batteries efficiency decreases colder environments. The flight endurance reduced in an estimate from 20% to 40% of the standard time after the temperature reaches zero degrees or lower MMC Griflion H drone

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company) by using Cella with the transportation Energy’s hydrogen- of compressed hydrogen based power system (gas gas onboard a drone in the generator). The test flight pressure cylinder. lasted for 10 minutes and Designed and the Raptor E1 drone flew at manufactured by Chinese- an altitude of 80 meters based MicroMultiCopter – although it could have (MMC) Aero Technology gone for two hours with the HyDrone 1550 is the fuel it had on board. known to be the first Designed and built by hydrogen-powered drone, RAPTOR E1 prepared for the test flight Cella Energy, the hydrogen a hexacopter, in the world. gas generator uses solid, The HyDrone 1550 with • Lightweight carbon fiber hours continuously. lightweight hydrogen a hydrogen fuel cell has body storage material, which is On April 10, 2016 been tested at altitudes capable of releasing large • Rain- and dust-proof MicroMultiCopters Aero of over 14,000 feet. In quantities of hydrogen Technology (MMC) hosted 2017, the HyDrone 1550 • Compatible with several when heated and when a launch event to debut was used to rescue 3 camera types combined with a fuel cell their new a 2nd generation people during a mission (supplied and integrated • Comes with route HPD HyDrone 1800. In on Changbai Mountain by Arcola Energy) creates planning for autonomous February 2017 at the IDEX near China’s northeastern electrical power. According flight and GCS-controlled 2017 Exhibition together border, an area where the to SAMS the complete flight with CATIC, MMC unveiled extreme altitude and the system, comprising Cella the military version of the low average temperature In May 2015, Singaporean Energy’s gas generator HyDrone 1800. As an of over –10ºC, which would company Horizon and lightweight hydrogen upgrade for the HyDrone have impossible with Unmanned Systems (HUS) storage material along 1550, the HyDrone 1800 a LiPo-powered drone. unveiled the HYCOPTER with Arcola Energy’s is designed for use in With the total weight multirotor drone, that runs fuel cell, is considerably the toughest conditions, of 16.5kg and standard on a lightweight hydrogen lighter than the lithium the drone is wind- take-off weight of 18.5kg fuel cell able to deliver ion battery it replaced. resistant, rain-resistant, the HyDrone 1550 has up to 4 hours of flight The system uses around and cold-resistant. The dimensions of 1550 (L) x time unloaded, and 2.5 100 solid pellets packed HyDrone 1800 achieves 1342 (W) x 610 (H) mm. hours when it’s carrying into a cartridge. The the extended flight Here are some specs and 2.2 pounds of cargo. 1-centimeter-square time while maintaining details for the HyDrone HYCOPTER’s special pellets are made from altitude limits of 4,500 1550: fuel cell was designed by meters and has a payload a chemical compound sister company Horizon • 150 minutes endurance capacity of up to 5kg. that produces a steady Energy Systems (HES). (without payload) with The HyDrone 1800 can stream of hydrogen as The HYCOPTER HPD is hydrogen fuel cell be used for intelligence they are gently heated. currently in service with This gas is then converted gathering, border patrol, • 10 km flight radius with the Dubai Police Force and into electricity in a fuel aerial fire support, laser 2 km (2.4GHz) / 10 km was showcased by Dubai cell that runs the drone’s designation, or battle (900MHz) communication Police Force Officers at rotor. Since the lightweight management services & control frequency range the Intersec 2019 security to tactical military hydrogen storage material trade show held in January • >90 km flight distance operators. MMC also (solid pellets packed into 2019 in Dubai. According a cartridge) is a solid and offers packaged solutions • 9 litters hydrogen storage to Dubai Police the is not under compression in target acquisition volume hydrogen-powered drone and reconnaissance this technology is the first of its kind and • Maximum service ceiling technology (ISTAR). The addresses several can fly for more than 3 security issues related of 4.500m above sea level HyDrone 1800 can be

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refueled in less than 40 minutes and has a double back up flight control system. It has a flight © MetaVista duration of 2 hours to 273 minutes (4.5 hours) and the ability to fly for about 100km when combined with MMC tethered technology. MMC’s hydrogen fuel cell called the “H-1 Fuel Cell” beaks the limitations of the lithium battery MetaVista multirotor with Intelligent Energy¹s 800W Fuel Cell Power Module as its flight endurance spans up to 4 hours. It is used 390 grams of liquid battery with a maximum Department of Health, designed for a wide range hydrogen in a specially hydrogen storage and drone manufacturer of commercial drones designed 6L cylinder. capacity of 27 liters. Doosan Mobility (both for fixed-wing and Innovation (DMI) the On September 17, 2019 In November 2019 a multi-rotors UAV, such as DS30 drone crossed 43 MMC launched its new hydrogen fuel cell- DJI M600, MMC HyDrone miles (69 km) of open hydrone Griflion H, with powered DS30 octocopter 1550 and MMC A6 Plus, ocean. Upon successfully a record-breaking 15- drone of Doosan Mobility etc. The H1-Fuel Cell has reaching its destination, hour flight time (10 hours Innovation managed a a lifespan of up to 1,000 the copter reportedly still with a 3 kg payload) one-hour, 43-minute hours. had almost 30 minutes of in Germany during the ocean crossing. During flight time left on its fuel On April 16, 2019 InterGEO 2019. The the flight, which was the cell. The DS30 can carry MetaVista, a South Griflion H is a hydrogen- result of a collaboration a maximum payload of 5 Korean-based liquid powered vertical take- between Texas-based kg (11lbs) hydrogen specialist, off and landing drone drone development achieved a new Guinness with an integrated company Guinn Partners, TÜBİTAK MAM World Record for the design and MMC- Georgia-based Skyfire Energy Institute longest multi-rotor flight developed hydrogen fuel Consulting, the US time with a multirotor and Hydrogen drone fitted with a Fuel Cell 6-litter liquid hydrogen Modules cylinder and an 800W The Energy Institute has hydrogen-based Fuel been working on Energy Cell Module made by Storage and Fuel Cells Intelligent Energy. That for many years in our drone flew 12 hours, 7 country and exhibited minutes and 5 seconds. the UAV Fuel Cell System MetaVista had previously and Hydrogen-Fueled (in January 2019) Multicopter working completed a 10-hour with boron and hydrogen and 50-minute multi- sodium interaction at copter test flight using TEKNOFEST Istanbul an Intelligent Energy’s 2019. 650W Fuel Cell Power Module (FCPM). During According to TÜBİTAK that flight MetaVista MAM officials, who we

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had the opportunity to meet with at the booth, the UAV with 30 minutes endurance and a conventional battery is able to fly for about 1 hour with the use of a Bor-H2 based Fuel Cell. Twice the battery weight is required for similar endurance, so when the Fuel Cell is used, it is sufficient only to increase the amount of fuel carried (with a larger fuel tank, the endurance can be up to 2 hours), with the addition of a lower Turkey © Aviation weight (it was expressed TÜBİTAK MAM Hydrogen Fuel Cell Drone that proportional increase the booth, there was a LiPo battery (COTS/ • 150 minutes of of 50% or less would type-4 class hydrogen RaHAT material). The Fuel endurance with a arise compared to a fuel tank of 1.3 kg (2 liters) Cell is charged during the hydrogen fuel cell conventional battery) for and resistant to 300 bar flight with hydrogen fuel, longer endurance. • 5 km flight radius with pressure, and at the lower and the charging of the 10 km data transfer rage upper battery is achieved capacity at 2.4 GHz and TUBITAK MAM UAV Fuel Cell System Tehnical Specs with the electrical energy 5.8 GHz frequencies Output Power: 200W produced by the Fuel Cell. Compressed Hydrogen or When the hydrogen in • Maximum service ceiling Fuel Type: NaBH4 (Sodium Borhydride) the tank runs out, a safe of 2,500 m above sea Hydrogen Capacity: 1050L landing is provided with a level charged LiPo battery. Total Weight: 2.2 kg • 300 m – 500 m average Energy Density: 325 Wh/kg Here are some specs and mission flight altitude details for the Geomatics Payload Capacity: 4 kg • 2 liters of hydrogen Group Quadcopter with storage volume the TÜBİTAK MAM Fuel According to the end, there was a TUBITAK Cell Module: • Rain and dust proof information we have Fuel Cell and a 2,650mAh obtained, flight tests were performed in 2019 on a fixed wing unmanned aerial vehicle with a wingspan of 3m with the UAV Fuel Cell System, operating with the interaction of boron and hydrogen sodium with 200W output power. On the upper part of the Geomatics

Group’s Hydrogen-Fueled Turkey © Aviation Multicopter exhibited at TÜBİTAK MAM Energy Institute’s UAV Fuel Cell

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Our Companions and Equipment in

by Sıtkı Atasoy Spotter & Author of Aviation Turkey Aviation Photography

In our previous article, we of equipment in line with your Learning about helpful here to continue by gave you an introduction to budget. For this reason, we the capabilities sharing some examples. Aviation Photography. We think it is helpful to choose discussed the definition equipment by measuring the & limits of our Selection of of Aviation and Aviation enthusiasm within us and by equipment camera body Photography and mentioned recognizing our skills in this In order for a snapshot Factors such as processor what it means to whom and hobby. We should always to achieve a good result, speed, physical ergonomics, ideas about where to start remember that it is a person the parameters that menu ergonomics, auto this hobby. Now, we will who takes the photo. As our are inseparable and focus point, resolution try to get into some more number of shots increase complement each other and number of shots per technical details. and we compare the results, should be adjusted correctly. second are important in the we will be able to see our It is useful to revisit one point Our camera, lens, shutter camera body. In aviation needs more easily and we mentioned in our previous speed, light, distance to the photography, in order to make more optimal choices article before moving on to object, diaphragm setting, capture the right moment for ourselves as aviation equipment selection. It is ISO setting, static state of in moving object shots, we photography enthusiasts. wise to make your selection the object, storage unit that should have a camera that we utilize, and supportive has a high shooting speed equipment are examples of and that the settings can these parameters. All these be changed quickly, if parameters affect the result necessary. © Sıtkı Atasoy © Sıtkı that will occur after we press High resolution, on the other the shutter. hand, is essential in the Perhaps one of the most moments when the details important of these are so crucial in cropping parameters are the cameras especially since the object is we use and of course their not always in the position we capabilities. In order to fully dream of, and in the printing comprehend this issue, it is phase.

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We recommend that the when we take a photo of aperture ratio should not an aircraft on the runway exceed ¼ (70-300 mm, from ground to ground, at 100-400 mm, 200-500 midday, in wet air, the blur mm, 150-600 mm, etc.) due to the water vapor if medium tele-objective between us and the aircraft lenses are used. Otherwise, will adversely affect the the sharpness of our photo quality of our photograph. may not satisfy us, since our In this case, we can consider focal length increases. 2 alternatives. Firstly, using a wide-angle lens by Let's consider the 150- approaching the object 600mm lens that spotters as close as possible, and mostly have. We can choose secondly, taking a ground to this lens in case there is a air photo immediately after long distance between us the aircraft's takeoff. and the object we shoot. Or, in other words we will If our selectivity has have to adjust our position increased in the subjects when we shoot an object we will shoot after a certain with this lens. However, number of shots, we can it may not always be the consider moving on to prime

© Sıtkı Atasoy © Sıtkı right choice to shoot from a lenses to further improve our long distance, for instance, shooting quality and clarity. The processor speed affects weight can ease the burden the speed of the process for us a bit. when all parameters come together, and we save the Selection of photo to the External or the lens Atasoy © Sıtkı Device memory. A high- speed processor has an Selection of the lens is unquestionable significance among the top factors that in capturing “That Moment” affect sharpness in our where we take serial shots. shots. We can achieve very good results with our wide- Due to the fact that there angle (12-24 mm, 16-35 are many different activities mm, 24-70 mm, etc.) lenses especially in Airshow in the static display area, activities, spotters force where the object is close their physical conditions, like to us, such as on the cabin in long marathons, in order or the cockpit. Even though not to miss any moment. aviation photography is At this point, it would not generally perceived as a be wrong to expect our hobby with a tele-objective, cameras to make us as great results can also be comfortable as possible. A achieved in shots with wide- camera that is around 2.5- angle lenses. 3 kg with the lens can start to feel like 10 kg after 3-4 In cases where the distance hours. At points where we varies and frequent lens cannot compromise from replacement is not possible, our lens, accordingly its we can consider medium weight, the body's battery tele-objective lenses.

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of sharpness. In night shots, on the other hand, the selectivity of our camera

© Sıtkı Atasoy © Sıtkı will be on the light, especially among the dark objects. At this point flickering may cause light shifting and light trails, fixing our camera may be necessary in the 2 A prime lens (300 mm, 400 demonstration flights at make a composition work scenarios mentioned above. mm, 500 mm, 600 mm) high speeds. Autofocus is only with the maximum However, it should be known can be preferred to shoot a done through software on write rate as well as all other that the use of a tripod also moving object sharply and DSLR cameras. At this point, parameters. A card having has disadvantages. These clearly from a long distance. the number of autofocus a high write rate can offer include limiting our mobility points is important for the us more options with serial and restricting our angle for Autofocus: software to decide if the shots instead of the chance dynamic shots. Especially in frame is sharp and clear. to capture "That Moment" in The autofocus of our camera Airshows, it may restrict us in one shot. gains prominence, especially Storage units times when our speed is also during the shooting of Monopod & Tripod important. moving objects. In order to No matter how good our catch an object moving at camera and lens are, it can This type of camera that is The choice of using a tripod 200 knots at the time of be very difficult to capture preferred for long distance can vary from person take-off, a camera having the right moment of moving shots and night shots with to person depending on an effective autofocus objects. At this point, just tele-objectives may have experience and habit. While feature that can capture our as in the production line of disadvantages along with some spotters can stabilize speed is required in addition a factory, the photography its advantages. For this their body like tripod and to our experience and hand- cycle process should be reason, it should be preferred do not need a tripod, some eye-brain coordination. processed completely according to the shooting others can use a tripod like While the saturation and and continue its cycle. conditions. For example, their body, and thus may not clarity of our snapshot can Capturing “That Moment” when we photograph an be affected by the above- satisfy us in the shooting of is only possible with the object at a distance with a mentioned disadvantages. commercial aircraft taking timely recording of many tele-objective, a 1 cm shift Conclusion off at a speed of 200 knots unstoppable flowing flickering available at the with a camera having a moments. The choice of point we stand will lead to In this article, we touched on medium format focus our memory card that we the object not to position the capabilities and limits speed, we may not be able use at this point is the in our frame as we desire of our equipment related to provide sufficient clarity determining factor for us. because of the distance, or to spotting. In our next and will have a blurry frame Especially for high speed it will cause it to be blurry articles, we will be referring for the aircraft making flights, it is possible to and not satisfy us in terms to the parameters we use in aviation photography and the preparation stages before spotting.

© Sıtkı Atasoy © Sıtkı The insight we share with you in line with our own experience puts a smile on our faces in our photos. We wish for you to get out there and capture shots that will leave a smile on your face as well

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Pilot English Proficiency A Global Challenge for the ICAO and the Aviation by Gökhan Demirdöken, Researcher & English Language Instructor Industry 2003 was one of the carried, there were 791 Requirements, which such an occasion, this milestones in the history fatalities in 14 accidents. was a comprehensive variance would make a of civil aviation and air The ICAO is indispensable document on various great difference in terms travel. That year was to the safe and orderly aspects related to of flight operations the 100th anniversary growth of international language proficiency because while the first of the Wright Brothers' civil aviation". What Dr. training and testing. The speaker would need to first flight and the Taieb Cherif pointed out purpose was to support certify his/her proficiency whole aviation industry for the first time was the member states’ efforts in the future, the other was getting ready for a beginning of a series of to comply with the speaker would not need remarkable countdown events to take place in strengthened provisions to comply with the same for the celebration of aviation in the upcoming for language proficiency. requirement again. Such the 60th anniversary of decades with regards to At first, such a crucial concerns have already the ICAO. Meanwhile, the setting standards and regulation by the ICAO to proven to be true as pilots theme of the 2003 edition improving safety both on improve safety standards displayed a preference of the International Civil the ground and in the air. sounded good. However, to countries where the Aviation Day, celebrated the concerns over the language proficiency The rise in air traffic on 7 December annually, effective implementation test taker could be rated incidents had already was set “For 60 Years... of the newly announced at Level 5 or 6 more paved the way for taking Setting the Standards program and over the easily when compared strict safety measures. for International Civil resources available soon to other member states. In March 2003, the Aviation”. In his message started to be mentioned Another serious problem ICAO Council adopted on December 3, 2003 on various occasions. The that the ICAO faced amendments to Annex marking the anniversary, causes for such concerns throughout this process 1 — Personnel Licensing, Dr. Assad Kotaite, then were mostly related to the of implementing the new Annex 6 — Operation President of the ICAO complexity of assessing regulation was the lack of of Aircraft, Annex 11 — Council, pointed out the proficiency in any resources. Although the Air Traffic Services, to the great achievement language. No matter deadline was extended, ensure that flight crew, of the Wright Brothers. how comprehensive and the member states were air traffic controllers However, Dr. Taieb Cherif, detailed the items in in need of both the test and aeronautical station then Secretary General of the rating scale can be materials to be developed operators comply with the ICAO, shed light on a written, the reliability of and the appropriate the language proficiency more remarkable event raters and the differences locations to serve the rating scale (at Level 4 or in the history of aviation, in the implementation great number of pilots above) by 5 March 2008. safety, and he continued of language proficiency and air traffic controllers On September 2004, “In 1947, the first year that tests are always quite who would take the tests. the ICAO’s Secretary the ICAO kept records, difficult to ensure. While Testing and evaluation General approved the of 21 million passengers an average speaker of have always been crucial first edition of the ICAO carried, 590 lost their English could be rated components of any Doc 9835 – Manual on the lives in 34 aircraft at Level 4, the same language assessment Implementation of ICAO accidents. In 2002, with person could easily be process. Yet, it is even Language Proficiency over 1.6 billion passengers rated at Level 5 or 6. In more crucial when it

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comes to the assessment difficulty of completing not be able to get ready IFR, and general aviation of proficiency in a all of the procedures to meet the standard pilots operating VFR. professional context. Due required to qualify for implementation before Another solution was to to the role of English as a a private license, but March 2008. Finally, qualify examiners to test means of communication the most difficult part the report mentioned the language proficiency globally, there are so many was yet to come, the the most crucial issues: of pilots. These examiners variances in the areas language proficiency test. cost and location. There would be authorized to where English is spoken. Apart from, completing was no availability of test the pilot in terms This seemed to be one all other requirements, locations for such tests of language proficiency of the biggest obstacles one of the biggest and the cost of building during the flight test. Last against effective challenges the IAOPA a facility for that purpose and the most important communication between faced was the availability was also a problem. solutions offered by the pilots and air traffic of language testing IAOPA was to delay the In 2007, what seemed to controllers because facilities. Although implementation of the be one of the milestones pilots whose native more and more qualified language proficiency in the aviation industry language is other than pilots were needed to requirement until the had almost turned into English were reported to meet the demands of majority of member a total failure. Taking all have more difficulty in the aviation industry, states report their of these concerns into comprehending air traffic there were not enough readiness to efficiently consideration, the IAOPA instructions in air spaces facilities at which to test test aviation personnel. provided some solutions where English is either the language proficiency to the ICAO in the same Eventually, in September the official language or of the pilots at that time. report. The options 2007, in the 36th session the second language What’s more, the report covered several issues of the ICAO Assembly, the when compared to pilots mentioned another such as using threat decision to give member whose native language is significant difference and error measurement states additional time to English. between ICAO member (TEM) techniques to implement the language states. The IAOPA had On one occasion, just determine the most provisions was taken requested its affiliates to less than a year before crucial components of and the Resolution A36- determine their readiness the implementation took the aviation industry 11 was adopted. The so that necessary actions effect, the International so that the language latest changes in the could be taken before Council of Aircraft Owner proficiency requirements timeline stated that if March 2008. However, and Pilot Associations could be implemented for the member states were of all 14 affiliates of (IAOPA) published a aviation personnel based unable to comply with the IAOPA, only three report referring to the on an order of priority the standards by March states responded that differences in member from the most critical 5, 2008, they would be they had some basic states in terms of the component to the least: allowed to do so until plans for testing of progress made towards air traffic controllers, 2011 with this extension language proficiency. meeting the requirements airline pilots, charter of the deadline. Later More interestingly, the since March 2003. The pilots, aeronautical on, in 2010, the ICAO majority of its affiliates IAOPA, then representing station operators, general issued the second edition stated that they might more than 470,000 aviation pilots operating of the Doc 9835. This aircraft operators and pilots, clearly stated the conflict between what the aviation industry needs to develop and how it contrasts with the new regulation. Besides, it highlighted the already existing

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second edition included plan or any statement of for flight operations was demand for more and additional guidance for compliance. once again put forward more pilots, air traffic civil aviation authorities in the aviation industry. controllers, and aircraft Meanwhile, more and and test service providers maintenance personnel more reports started Turkey, one of the on processes for testing has so far made it quite to be published in order council member states candidates. However, the difficult to quickly to better understand of the ICAO, has taken biggest step taken by the implement the decisions the feasibility of the important steps towards ICAO was in October 2011 made in 2003. Seemingly, language proficiency implementing the new when the Aviation English the biggest challenge, rating scale. The most regulation and several Language Test Service as always, has been the significant report was opportunities are offered (AELTS) website was put time restriction for ICAO published by the Federal for aviation personnel into use. By measuring member states. Both the Aviation Administration who are required to test performance headquarters of the ICAO of the USA in May 2009. certify proficiency in against the Language and member states put It was rather a final report the English language. Proficiency Requirements, forth a great amount of of a series of reports. The The Turkish Directorate the ICAO made it effort to meet the latest previous reports provided General of Civil Aviation possible to provide schedule by 2011. More a detailed description (DGCA) published an important information than eight conferences of 51 hours of routine order with regards to the on test quality so that its were held to discuss ATC transmissions and regulations identified member states, pilots and the implementation how the complexity and by the ICAO. The order controllers can make the process in the smoothest length of ATC messages disclosed the conditions most informed selection way possible, several affected pilots’ readback under which language possible when choosing a workshops have been performance, prevalence proficiency test centers test provider. organized, and many of ATC readback can be authorized to test reports have been While the headquarters errors, breakdowns in aviation personnel within published over the of the ICAO was trying to communication, and the borders of Turkey, and past seventeen years. do their best to provide requests for repetition to specify the language Although it has been solutions for this issue, made by commercial proficiency of pilots and a rather painful and the member states U.S. and foreign airline air traffic controllers. radical change for were expected to take pilots. The last and the The execution of the everybody who is involved necessary steps before final report provided orders in Turkey towards in aviation, the ICAO the extended deadline. insights into a better implementing new seemed to have reached Initially, the member understanding between regulations in member what Dr. Taieb Cherif, states were asked to the operational levels states authorized several Secretary General of the report their current of the language institutions under the ICAO, stressed in 2003, status and readiness proficiency scales and supervision of the Turkish at the annual celebration for the implementation communication problems. DGCA. As of 2020, there of International Civil of new regulations. As The report concluded that exists six institutions Aviation Day, “The of January 3, 2013, one pilots flying for countries which are authorized ICAO is indispensable hundred sixty-seven whose primary or official by the Turkish DGCA to to the safe and orderly member states had language was other test the English language growth of international provided information than English showed proficiency of pilots in civil aviation” as the concerning their status varied performance accordance with ICAO responsibility of the ICAO. of implementation. in terms of language requirements. Also, By and large, the overall Eighty-one of them proficiency and that there are 6 approved progress so far and the indicated compliance foreign pilots made more institutions for evaluating full implementation plan with the requirements of the communication the same proficiency of promise safer flight whereas twenty-three problems. Consequently, aircraft maintenance operations in the future states did not provide the inevitable need for a personnel in Turkey. all around the world any implementation more secure environment The rapid increase in the

101 Elly Beinhorn: Female Pilot by Dr. Emir Öngüner Freelance Researcher in Aviation History Achieved Record Breaking Flight from Germany to Turkey

By landing at Istanbul achievement had been Yeşilköy Airport on July unheard of in the history 30, 1931 after covering of Turkish aviation to the distance between date. In this article we will New York and Istanbul with be addressing the subject a flight lasting nearly 49 with the translation of an hours, U.S. pilots Johnnie original brochure written Polando and Russel by Beinhorn in person and Boardman beat the record kept at the institutional of the longest flight in the archive of the German world and Turkey gained Aerospace Center (DLR) prominent prestige in the in Göttingen and with the realm of international news appearing on the Photo 1 aviation.1 4 years after this Turkish press during that achievement, on August 13, time. believe in the necessity Me 108 manufactured by 1935, a female pilot from of world records in terms BFW-Bavarian Aircraft The following is the story Germany also attempted of the development of Factories, accomplishing of the journey written by to make her mark with technology and industry, its maiden flight in 1934. I Beinhorn on August 17, a similar record. Elly so they expect other heard of the existence of 1935, after the completion Beinhorn (Photo 1), who people to assume such this beautiful discovery of the successful flight: completed a world tour duty. upon my return from by herself in 1932, planned “Typhoon” over my U.S. flight and I was Let me come to the point a route from Germany to 3 looking forward to have Asia after this inconsistency: I Istanbul to beat the record the opportunity to see and was flying over the skies of covering two continents When I look back and think, examine it closely. After of the United Kingdom in and turning back in a day I recall that I had been one my flight to the United June. In those days, I did and once again announced of the people in the past to Kingdom, I decided that not have an airplane of my her name to the world tell that world records were it would be a pity to miss own, therefore I genuinely by covering a distance meaningless. These types the chance to conduct a cared for this four- of 3,570 kilometers of people are against world groundbreaking activity person Messerschmitt within 13.5 hours.2 This records; then again, they with this airplane since

1 For detailed information: Polando, J., Wings over Istanbul: The Life and Flights of a Pioneer Aviator, Peter E. Randall Publisher, Porthsmouth, NH, 2000, pp. 41-61

2 For Elly Beinhorn’s (1907-2007) autobiography: Beinhorn, E., Alleinflug: Mein Leben, F.A. Herbig Verlagsbuchhandlung, 2007, München. A similar version of the translated text in this article has also been mentioned in her own book: ibid. pp. 212-221

3 Original document: DLR Archives, KPAR: A822, 17.08.1935

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it looked as if it had been designed for such achievements.

Me 108's most critical feature is that as the fastest airplane in its category with a speed of 300km/hour, it has an aerodynamic design as well as a higher fuel capacity. It reminds me GLEIWITZ ISTANBUL of a flying limousine with BERLIN an interior design and a cabin with four leather covered seats where the passengers would feel as if they were executives. I was particularly affected by its elegant look in the air Photo 2 with its retractable landing Elly Beinhorn's route of Germany to Turkey by covering a distance of 3,570 kilometres gear. The maximum speed depart from Gleiwitz and be launched at night. The heard me screaming due could be achieved on draw a circle over the Asian engine was once again to the noise of the engine account of this feature. coast of the Bosphorus checked by the team running outside, 100 In light of my experiences and land in Istanbul. Then of Hirth Company, the meters away. When I was so far, the eight-cylinder I would refuel the airplane representatives of BFW about to lose all hope, I HM 8 Hirth engine of 250 and take off, heading examined the hull, wings managed to get out of horsepower displayed a towards Berlin (Photo 2). and flight yokes while the building by jumping quite robust performance Gleiwitz was located at the the Shell staff carried the out from the window. Ten at a high efficiency most reasonable position colossal fuel cans one after minutes later, I was in the rate. Upon my return to in Germany in the direction another to fill the fuel tank. air. The departure took Germany, I met with the towards Asia. Moreover, I The airplane was available place at the beginning of BFW and Hirth Motoren preferred Gleiwitz in order for departure at 6:00 p.m. the dawn at 03:40 a.m. GmbH companies and to gain two hours during I gently caressed the nose This was not my first full- asked them to equip the flight to Istanbul; in of the airplane and went fledged flight but flying the airplane with high- that way I might gain more to the hotel for rest. I woke from a runway with a short capacity fuel tanks so time even under possible up quite vigorously after take-off distance of 180 that I could manage the unfavorable weather sleeping until 1:00 a.m. At meters was unfamiliar for airplane according to conditions. BFW, Hirth and 2:00 a.m. It was pitch dark me. the flight I had planned Shell companies helped since the moon retired, In the beginning of the to conduct soon. Then, me incredibly throughout yet many members of flight, first I drew my knees working over the map, the preliminary stages. the press remained at the to my chest and sat, then I I started to think of a I am utterly grateful for airport. I thought that the stretched and lay a bit and safe route that I could their efforts to render this journalists criticized me for placed the air bag that I fly over in a single day. activity successful. having selected a strange brought with me between Since the airplane would departure time, but I did I arrived at Gleiwitz on my legs. I switched the not be ready before the not have another choice. August 12. The customs lights occasionally to first ten days of August, transactions and similar I was accidentally locked check the display panel. unfortunately the longest red tape had already inside the airport building Shortly after the take-off, daytimes would be left been completed during during the final check of I entered to a foggy area behind. Finally, I decided to the day for the flight to the engine and nobody that covered the space

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between the foot of the Tatra Mountains and the Pustza River in Hungary. The fog over the ground started to disappear upon the break of the day. I tried to figure out my location by observing the nearest settlements. Photo 3 Since ‘’Typhoon'' was not equipped with a radio, I take seriously; however, it at Yesilkoy was situated that I could swim and cool had to identify my location worried me slightly for my at the back of a forbidden off in the Sea of Marmara. I by using the compass return. zone in front of Istanbul. have to mention that Dear We agreed with Mr. Hennig Mr. Hennig got too excited and the map. The train With the help of the high- for the deployment of a and he fell to the ground. station at the tiny visible speed engine, I was quickly person at the Asian part (Photo 3). Hungarian town was passing all the zones over of the Bosphours for the quite camouflaged and the map and since the The welcoming ceremony confirmation of my flight’s the caption over it could take-off at 6:00 a.m., I at the airport was perfectly passage over the Asian hardly be read. Right at already reached the fifth organized and I was really continent. Therefore, Mr. that moment, I thought country. After the high touched by it. In order to Hennig arranged the of benefiting from a mountains of Romania, I celebrate my landing, the deployment of a Turkish technical feature of Me flew over a valley towards German Colony5 composed officer at the Haydar 108. Everyone knows that the Bulgarian border. of German Chief Consul, Pasha Station at the South someone inside a plane The weather cleared up Deputy Ambassador of Üsküdar district. I flew flying at a speed of over and I was surrounded by (chargée d'affaires) of over the Asian continent 250km/h cannot observe cloudless blue skies. At the Germany, Director General at 9:20, 5 hours and 40 what is around quite well. horizon I was able to see of Deutsche Bank in Turkey minutes after the take- So, I opened the flaps for a the Sea of Marmara that Mr. Weidmann and Director off and that Turkish officer short while and decreased I flew over during my two General of Selaheddin had been the first person the speed to 100km/h, previous flights. At that Ali Pasha’s company Mr. to notify Germany of my I examined the ground, very instant, I realized Hitzigrath6 were at the passage to Asia.4 identified my location how hard it was to sit airport (Photo 4). and noticed that I was at in the cabin for so long. From Germany to Asia in I can say that all Turkish the correct direction over Frustrated, I was trying to 5 hours and 40 minutes people involved in the Hajdúnánás. Then I closed get comfortable by placing with a tiny sport airplane! project were there. I heard the flaps and reached the the air bag from one side I realized the meaning so many names in the first normal cruising speed. to the other. I was about of this when I compared 5 minutes that I cannot to close my eyes from it with my first flight The engine was running even pronounce, I was able fatigue, but it stopped experiences in 1928. I at the front like a noisy to keep only a few in mind. when I started to descend. landed at Yesilkoy at 9:34 sewing machine. I had no The executives from the and was welcomed by thoughts about my fatigue I had a slice of bread military, representatives an enthusiastic crowd since I was busy observing and a few grapes during of various sports clubs in waiting for me with flowers, the surroundings and the flight. I did not drink Turkey, the first Turkish chocolate, soap bars, discovering a brand-new anything as I was not female pilot, Secretary towels, delicious food and geography. I coincided with thirsty. When approached General of the Olympics even with a bathing suit so a rain cloud that I did not from Europe, the airport Committee and the

4 The name of the Turkish Officer was not stated in the text.

5 The name given to the Germans residing in Turkey during the Early Republican Period.

6 This is incorrectly stated as the ''Selahattin Adil Pasha Company'' in the original text. The company in question may be the Atelier for military manufacturing and the referred person may be Kurth Hitzigrath.

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members of all national and international press were gathered there. Everyone around me was full of joy and I could observe the happiness I created in the Turkish people because of my selection of their country Photo 4 for this flight. By the way, I must also mention that I I returned to my serious My flight back over the region which I passed clearly did not find it quite state again. I started the Transylvanian Alps had effortlessly during my sympathetic of some engine at 10:47 after a been easier than my arrival. arrival, so I had to fly blind Turkish people that were break of nearly an hour and The rain clouds ceased to by merely checking the asking me to sell and leave shook Mr. Hennig’s hand exist, and I was effortlessly control panel for a certain my airplane there. and said goodbye to him. advancing at an altitude of while. I must confess that He was the person who 3,000 meters. I had some I was pleased to have I was invited to a hotel made sure everything was fruit and cakes and drank attended a course for nearby for breakfast. flawless during my 1-hour all the coffee in the flask. flying blind shortly before However, taking the break in Istanbul. Hennig For those who do not fly, I so that I could be able to return path that would had a few more days to have to mention that one fly under such conditions. possibly be challenging rest at the Sea of Marmara can take care of other Because, in the old days, I into consideration, I until the next scheduled tasks inside a modern had panicked a bit when decided to avoid losing flight to Germany while passenger aircraft. The passing clouds in tiny time and had the breakfast I was aware that I was flight in the free space sport airplanes while inside the airplane. One about to endure the above is quite different flying without a radio of the most interesting hardest part of my flight than car travel on the connection. moments I had there was as the return path was 450 ground, therefore drivers At last, I arrived back in the moment I was asked km longer than the arrival. have to be attentive the land of Germany; I if I would like to wash my Besides, I was not fresh as towards all types of 7 flew over Gleiwitz and a hands. “Sure”, I replied I had to wake up at 1:00 unexpected obstacles message was transmitted and I was directed to a a.m. in the morning and I throughout driving. I, on the to Berlin from the airport small door, I had difficulty realized my eyes were once other hand, read during my there. I had 200 liters fuel in walking among a group again about to close down return half of the magazine remaining at that moment of nearly 100 people. I shortly after my departure that Mr. Brindlinger from and I would be able to fly was quite surprised to see from Istanbul. The weather BFW Company gave me as 1,000 km more. Before I a bathroom that I could was spectacular; the I started the engine. reached Berlin, I was filled never imagine. As I tried ground below was flat On my return, dark clouds with the joy of arriving at to leave the bathroom, the and therefore I was able appeared at the Tatra home, the weather went crowd outside happened to relax a bit. to block the door so once again I had difficulty to get out. Then accompanied by the same group, I entered another bathroom which I was accustomed to.

Yes, the aforementioned had been my experiences at the end of a long flight. Photo 5

7 She mentioned in her memoirs that in fact they implied the need for toilet; see: Beinhorn, ibid, p. 218

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bad and it started to rain. where the Me 108 was The clouds covered all located. The airplane stood places from the ground up there as if nothing had to my nose; I was about to happened to her. I looked crash into the radio tower at the engine and thought at Königswusterhausen. once again: it is great to be Beyond all my projections, among the people to benefit it rained quite heavily. I from the development of our thought that this could technology and industry! restrain the press members August 17, 1935 - Elly and photographers; then I Beinhorn realized I was wrong.

At 18:08, “Typhoon” landed Reflections at the Tempelhof Airport in the Turkish where I was welcomed by countless people (Photo 5). Press Most of the people there Beinhorn arrived in learned about my project Istanbul through this later as I managed to cover groundbreaking flight to my project of flying to Asia Istanbul in 1935, however from Germany and turning it was not her first visit to back in one day as much Turkey. By detecting the as possible.I was happy to Turkish Press, the first see the representatives of news on Elly Beinhorn can the Ministry of Aviation, be recognized in an article Tempelhof Airport, dated December 7, 1931 German Aviation Industry informing that she would Association and various be flying over Turkish skies industrial enterprises along during her world tour back with my friends Udet8 and on that date. According to von Gronau9 and airwomen the news, Beinhorn would Photo 6 Hertha von Gronau10 and be taking off from Germany, Luise Hoffmann11 there. flying over Turkey, Iraq, Iran, reached Sofia in seven hours day, Beinhorn reached the Everyone was busy asking Pakistan and Singapore in and landed in Istanbul in the skies of Konya but due to me what I brought with me Asian geography and then afternoon on December 5. the cold weather and snow, from Turkey. That question heading towards Australia. According to what she she had to make a forced reminded me of the pain Beinhorn relayed in her wrote in her memoirs, landing and stayed and the thorns on the ground of memoirs that the flight Beinhorn stayed for a day in waited there for two days.12 Istanbul Airport had caused permit was granted on Istanbul and was fascinated Beinhorn stated that Jim on the soles of my feet. December 3, 1931 and that by the city. She mentioned Mollison, who accomplished she launched the flight on that the city’s being another record breaking I drew away from the people December 4, 1931 around located on two different flight, experienced a similar welcoming me for a while 9:00 in the morning. She continents added to its incident and added that and went to the hangar unique beauty. The next Mollison had to make an

8 Ernst Udet (1896-1941): German war pilot crashed the second highest number of enemy planes after Manfred von Richthofen known as “Red Baron” during the World War I. He served as a bureaucrat in charge of Armament Department at the Ministry of Aviation during the rule of the Nazis. For his autobiography please see: Udet, E., Ein Fliegerleben, Motorbuch Verlag, 1995, Stuttgart

9 Wolfgang von Gronau (1893-1977): He made a world tour in 1932. He was assigned as the Deputy Minister of Aviation during the rule of the Nazis. For his autobiography please see: von Gronau, W., Weltflieger: Erinnerungen 1926-1947, Deutsche Verlagsanstalt, 1955, Stuttgart

10 Wolfgang von Gronau's wife

11 Germany’s first female test pilot

12 On Beinhorn’s brief time in Turkey in 1931 please see: Beinhorn, ibid, pp. 78-82

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unauthorized forced landing While Beinhorn indicates in Konya, and that the her flight from Gleiwitz to Turkish authorities reacted Istanbul lasted 5 hours and and then entertained him 40 minutes in her brochures at a hotel for five days and and memoirs, she expressed sent him abroad on a train. the duration of the flight as 7 hours and 6 minutes in In respect with the record- her personal statement to a breaking flight, Turkish Turkish newspaper. There is newspaper Cumhuriyet a possibility that the cause announced on August of difference had been the 13, 1935 that Beinhorn time-difference between launched her flight the two countries. towards Turkey (Photo 6) and in the Ulus newspaper Differences could be dated August 14, 1935 spotted in the names Beinhorn was mentioned and titles of the people briefly with the date of in the welcoming August 13. (Photo 7). The committee given in the headline of the Cumhuriyet Cumhuriyet newspaper newspaper on August 14 and the names stated by ''from Germany to Turkey Beinhorn. According to and back in a single day!” the information provided detailed information on by Beinhorn, Turkey’s first Beinhorn’s landing at female pilot had also been Yesilkoy Airport and the at the airport to welcome welcoming ceremony her, yet no such information held there (Photo 8). A appeared in Turkish press. difference between the Mr. Ismail Hakki – President durations of the flight in of the Turkish Aircraft the Turkish press and in the Society, representatives text written in German by from the Turkey Turing and Beinhorn could be observed. Automobile Association, Photo 8 Turkish Representative of ceremony and her brief the International Olympics break for rest. She signaled Committee Mr. Ekrem that the air mail services Rustu, Germany’s Deputy between Turkey and Ambassador (chargée Germany would possibly be d'affaires) to Ankara Mr. launched in her statement Fabricius, Chief Consul to with the following words: Istanbul Dr. Toepke and ''This time, I intended to Director of the Berlin Airport beat the record of flying to Ground Services Mr. Hennig Istanbul from Germany and are among the people back in a single day with indicated. In the same my own airplane named interview, Beinhorn landing Typhoon. If I achieve this, in Yesilkoy at 10:30 spoke of Daily air mail services will the weather conditions and be launched between Berlin her experiences during the and Istanbul.'' flight and took off to Berlin The most interesting part Photo 7 at 11:15 after the welcoming

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had been a guest during her previous record beating attempts, for a different groundbreaking flight with the newly manufactured Me 108 (Photo 9) and made her mark on a critical project to launch daily air mail services between the countries, as she also mentioned in her interview. In her memoirs, Beinhorn concluded the chapter she wrote on this record beating Photo 9 flight with the following of the news is without Typhoon’s across the world should be words:13 “This flight created doubt her question reflections over qualified as demonstrators great reflections across “Where is Ziya?” as soon of prominent prestige Asia the world. ‘Me 108’, which as she got off the plane, both for pilots and for was not known by anyone wishing to see the young Taking a look at the content the targeted countries. except Germany until guy named working at the of news appearing in Moreover, since today’s August 12, started to be Yeşilköy Airport she met Turkish press, the record technical infrastructures referred as ‘Messerschmitt previously in Turkey. The breaking flight attempt such as modern navigation, Typhoon’ in the aviation press states that Beinhorn that took place on August autopilot and radars did literature in many regions was disappointed to learn 13, 1935 was successfully not exist 85 years ago, in the world.” that Ziya lived in Diyarbakır completed and created the value of covering On the 75th anniversary then. This personal detail great reactions in the a distance of 3,570 km of this groundbreaking attracts attention as one country. These types of within 13.5 hours in terms of flight, postage stamps of the most beautiful record beating attempts technical facilities should were printed in Germany examples of the friendship realized during times when be appreciated. German with Beinhorn’s name and between Turks and aviation recently started female pilot Elly Beinhorn circulated on August 12, Germans at the time. to develop in Europe and selected Turkey, where she 2010 (Photo 10).14 Making her mark by herself on many historical flights, Beinhorn published 13 books throughout her career to relay her experiences, and ended her career as a pilot in 1979 and in 2007 she passed away in Munich at the age of 100. Hosted many times by the Turkish skies, Elly Beinhorn is recognized as a historical personality and an exemplary character for female pilots across the Photo 10 world

13 Beinhorn, ibid., p. 221

14 Die Königin der Lüfte: 75 Jahre Rekordflug der Flugpionierin Elly Beinhorn, Postfrisch - Das Philatelie-Journal, Juli/August 2010, Ausgabe: 4, pp. 14-15

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Singapore Airlines Launches A350- 900 on Istanbul Flights Singapore Airlines has been conducting flights to Turkey for 32 years uninterruptedly since October 29, 1987 and holds the title of “the first airline flying from Asia to Turkey”. The airline is now preparing to be the first airline that flies to Asia from Istanbul with the A350-900. With mutual flights to be made with the A350-900 from Istanbul Airport by Şebnem Akalın on Monday, Wednesday, Friday and Sunday until March 27, 2020 (winter timetable), Singapore Airlines has also become the first and only airline company offering their guests in Turkey the newest flight class, Premium Economy Class. Taking off from Singapore Chiangi Airport at 01:45 local time on December 1st, the A350-900 landed at

Turkey’s Istanbul Airport at © Airlines Singapore 08:25 local time. To witness this special moment, press members, including myself, took our place in the hall at the Istanbul Airport International Terminal. While the A350-900 was completing its taxi and proceeding towards the parking position, the traditional welcome ceremony (water salute) of its new aircraft, the Sek Eng Lee: was made for Singapore Special A350-900, which brings “We trust Turkey; Airlines’ A350-900. the comfort of Premium menu and After it was parked, we Economy Class. The we’ve introduced started to tour the aircraft event was attended by Premium travel pillow accompanied by Singapore a distinguished group of Economy Class” prepared Airlines personnel, HAVAŞ, guests, including Istanbul Singapore Airlines Regional IGA, and Civil Authority. Airport Administrative for the first President Sek Eng LEE, in the After touring Business Chief İsmail Şanlı, IGA opening speech of the event flight Class, we had the CEO Consultant Melih said, “The fact that we have For the first flight of opportunity to see Premium Mengü and Singapore put into service our newest Singapore Airlines to be Economy Class and receive Airlines Regional President and most modern aircraft, the made by A350-900 from detailed information. What Sek Eng Lee. Especially at A350-900, and introduced Turkey to Singapore, a will the airline be offering the end of the dance show the comfort of Premium special menu was prepared to passengers in Business that fascinated guests Economy Class in Turkey, and the dishes on the menu Class and Premium with its Anatolian-themed is a reflection of our trust were determined by the Economy Class flights? I'll choreography, the giant in Turkey”. Reminding the votes of more than 100,000 share the details shortly ribbon connecting the audience that the first flight people following the below. But before that, two towers formed by the to Istanbul coincided with Singapore Airlines Turkey let’s briefly touch upon dancers symbolizing the Republic Day celebrations on Facebook Page. Dishes the speeches made at the cultural bridge between October 29, 1987, Lee added included on the Business ceremony. Istanbul and Singapore that they are grateful for the Class menu were Stuffed received a big round Singapore Airlines held an great support provided by Vine Leaves with Olive Oil, of applause from the exciting event at Istanbul Turkish customers as well as Turkish Kebab and Special audience. Airport for the first flight for the new airport. Turkish Dessert (Kadayıf)

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and the passengers flying in Premium Economy and Economy Class are offered the most favorite flavors of Turkish Cuisine such as Stuffed Eggplant with Onion and Tomato (İmambayıldı), Turkish Kebab and Rice Pudding. Additionally, a travel neck pillow in four colors, made from Sarong Kebaya cabin attendant uniform fabrics, designed by Turkey © Aviation the famous French fashion Şebnem Akalın with Singapore Girl at A350's Economic Class designer Pierre Balmain By introducing one of the comfortable, the foot from Singapore. Another was given as a gift to all most modern aircraft, the support feature is offered advantage that Premium passengers. A350-900, Singapore to the passengers for a Economy Class offers you is An aircraft Airlines will reduce carbon leg rest, like in the comfort champagne accompanying minimizing jetlag emissions by 25% and of Business Class. The your meal which is prepared effects burn less fuel than with Premium Economy class, by famous chefs including the previous aircraft type. which also has new and fast Michelin star chefs. Singapore Airlines' Airbus The A350-900 has a more USB ports, aims to make the The most important factor 350-900 aircraft has a total aerodynamic design, lighter journey more efficient with for passengers to prefer the of 253 seats; 42 Business materials, much quieter its individual reading lights economy Premium class Class, 24 Premium Economy engine and more space. and large bi-fold tray tables. is undoubtedly the ticket and 187 Economy Class. You can select from the prices, because it will be Offering a superior travel How is the wide-ranging movie archive possible to get service close experience to its passengers flight different and enjoy entertainment to the comfort of Business with advanced technology in Premium on 13.3 inch wide screens Class and to fly cheaper. and operational efficiency, Economy Class? with headphones that Even though the Premium Airbus 350-900 features Offering a more spacious completely block out Economy Class prices a higher ceiling, larger cabin with a seat external noise and this differ for each flight, you windows, and wider interior configuration of 2-4-2 in allows you lose track of should be kept in mind that body, as well as a specially the Premium Economy time on long journeys. it is relatively very cheap designed interior lighting class, Singapore Airlines Singapore Airlines aims compared to the price of system to minimize the used comfortable seats to make a difference in Business Class. So, it is effects of jetlag. The aircraft with a greater width of catering to their guests useful to follow Singapore also offers Wi-Fi access to 19.5 inches in this cabin. needs by providing an option Airlines' special offers its passengers and high While the seats that can for Premium Economy regularly. technology touchscreen recline up to 8 inches make guests to order special in-flight entertainment Have a safe flight… long-distance travel more meals on flights departing systems, KrisWorld.

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The National Primary Surveillance Radar Installed and Set Up at Gaziantep Airport by İbrahim Sünnetçi In the civil aviation domain, Primary Surveillance Radars (PSRs) are used to be integrated with the MODE-S interrogator, which is based on a cooperative surveillance technique.

The installation and set up efforts of the MGR National Primary Surveillance Radar (MGR/PSR), with a redundant structure, was completed in mid-February 2020 at Gaziantep Airport. Developed under the MGR/Mode-S SSR Radar Development and Installation Project signed between General The MGR Radar System in accordance with the and Information Directorate of State allows traffic controllers ICAO and EUROCONTROL Administration). The MGR, Airports (DHMI) and to perform their duties standards and guidelines. Turkey's first national PSR TUBITAK Informatics more safely and securely By using coherent advanced Radar System, is expected and Information Security and aircraft will have safer signal processing, aircraft to be considered for Research Center (BILGEM) landings and take-offs up to 60 nautical miles meeting DHMI’s future new in December 2017, the MGR, thanks to its capability to under different weather PSR (Primary Surveillance which has an algorithm detect the positions of the conditions can be detected Radar) requirements as capable of tracking moving aircraft (distance, direction and tracked. The system well as PSR modernization targets and measuring and altitude) within the air can simultaneously track up needs with national means. the location and density traffic control services. to 1,000 targets via Moving of precipitation, will be The MGR/Mode-S SSR Target Detection (MTD) delivered to DHMI until the Radar Development and Clutter Reduction end of February after the History of and Installation Project capability by using low/high completion of the tests. was launched to further the project beam selection, sensitivity develop the existing MGR/ The MGR, the tower and time control (STC), adaptive The MGR, National Primary PSR, the acceptance of building construction of clutter map and Doppler Surveillance Radar was which took place in 2017 which was completed filters. Also, the weather developed for the purpose and was installed and at Gaziantep Airport, is channel can provide 6 of civil or military air traffic set up at the TÜBİTAK of critical importance in levels of rain strength control and determination BILGEM Gebze campus, terms of being the first information at 1,4° to 0,95 of precipitation within to achieve redundancy civil aviation radar system nautical miles resolution the scope of the KUSRAD and to develop a new developed with national and 2D location of rain R&D Project in cooperation Secondary Surveillance and domestic resources zones. The system has a with TÜBİTAK BILGEM Radar (SSR) system with in Turkey. The entire clear spectrum output in and DHMI. The MGR/PSR MODE-S capabilities and infrastructure and software accordance with the limits is a Solid-State Pulse- then integrate it to MGR/ of the system was also defined by NTIA (National Doppler Radar operating in PSR to achieve a working developed indigenously. S-band and was designed Telecommunications

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combined PSR/SSR of the Reinforced Concrete signed the "Renewal of 6 levels of precipitation Mode-S radar system. Radar Tower and Control Dalaman SSR System reporting Center on an area of and PSR/Mode-S SSR • Antenna beam Within the scope of 4,000m2. System Supply and (modified cosecant the MGR /Mode-S SSR squared 45° vertical (low Installation Contract" Radar Development and According to the 2018 and high beam), 1,45° on December 8, 2016. horizontal) Installation Project the DHMI Annual Report, 8 Within the scope of the existing MGR/PSR System PSR (Primary Surveillance • Circular and linear contract, the provisional polarization was rendered redundant Radar), 25 SSR (Secondary acceptance of Istanbul with the necessary Surveillance Radar) and • Antenna rotation speed Airport PSR/Mode-S SSR >= 12 rpm additional improvements 13 ADS-B (Automatic System was made on made by TÜBITAK BILGEM Dependent Surveillance- • Max. Range: 60 nmi December 3, 2018, and the and then was installed in Broadcast) systems have • Range resolution < 200 provisional acceptance of the vicinity of Gaziantep been serving in Turkey’s m the Dalaman Mode-S SSR Airport. Afterwards, the airspace as of the end • Power >=18 k W peak System on February 7, 2019. demonstration of the of 2018. As a result of Both systems have been • PRF: staggered PRF Mode-S SSR Radar System the installation of an on- (830 Hz average) activated. prototype, which is being mounted PSR/Mode-S SSR • Doppler processing: > 4 developed by TÜBITAK system at Istanbul Airport MGR/PSR Technical bank Doppler filtering BILGEM with national and a stand-alone Mode-S Features • Target tracking speed facilities, is planned to SSR system for Muğla, interval 60-300 m/s • S-Band solid state pulse be carried out in the Dalaman Airport, the Doppler radar • Maximum number of TÜBİTAK Gebze campus, number of PSRs and SSRs targets 1,000 • Coherent signal and later integrated into in service has increased. processing • Weather channel the Gaziantep MGR/ resolution 1,4°-0,95 nmi / In order to renew the • Pulse compression PSR System. Finally, both 6 levels rain information Dalaman SSR System (Nonlinear FM) radar systems (MGR/ • Interface PPI console that has completed its • PRI/PRF Staggering PSR + SSR/Mode-S) will • System interface economic life, and to • Frequency Staggering be integrated into the EUROCONTROL establish 1 PSR/SSR Gaziantep Approach • Doppler filter banks and ASTERIX CAT240 video, System at Istanbul New CAT34 service messages, Control System, which will MTI Airport, Spanish INDRA ASTERIX CAT48 plot/ be installed by DHMI under • Weather channel with track Sistemas S.A. and DHMI a separate contract and will be actively used in air traffic control services. The Project with a 42-month timeline will be completed in 2022. The interface of the MGR PSR + SSR / Mode-S System with other systems is in ASTERIX (CAT 240, CAT 34, CAT 48, CAT 008) format, MGR outputs can be transferred to other systems at the airport via ASTERIX format over TCP-UDP/IP.

As part of the installation work of the PSR + SSR (Mode-S) version of MGR for air traffic control at Gaziantep Airport, a tender was held on December 28, 2018 for the construction

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Dubai Airshow 2019 Crowded but Ineffectual! by Muhammed Yılmaz Dubai Airshow gathered the global aviation industry at the center of the Middle East for the 16th time. During the event the organization failed to satisfy expectations, the manufacturers received a total of US$ 54.5 billion in aircraft orders, the majority of which belongs to the Emirates, as a host! Dubai Airshow, which aircraft orders were however, it is possible to to hear from Boeing in was held in 1989 for received on the first interpret this year’s event order to take action. The the first time with 200 day of the fair that was as a clear indication of the extension of the process participating companies launched with great challenges faced by the creates an unfavorable and 25 aircraft on expectations made the global aviation industry. atmosphere for the sector. static display area and sector upset. On the first For rich Gulf countries and On the second day, supported with regional day, Biman Bangladesh state-owned airlines, the Emirates cleared the air investments both for Airlines ordered the U.S. times when large order and emerged due to the commercial and military manufacturer Boeing two numbers were announced shock effect of only having aviation, has grown over Boeing 787-9 Dreamliners seem to have gone for 2 orders on the first day of time and become one with a list price of US$ 585 good under conditions the fair. Dubai’s Emirates of the most important million. of low demand and high ordered a total of 50 aviation organizations It is possible to supply, and due to the A350-900 from European in the world. The fair, comprehend the status depressed oil prices. manufacturer Airbus, which opened its doors to of 2019 clearly by looking Economists believe that with a list price of US$ 16 visitors for the 16th time at the order figures on the reasons such as the US- billion. This decision means on November 17, 2019, was first day of the previous China trade war and that 39 of A380 orders, recorded as the largest two fairs. On the first day the uncertainty created the manufacture of which organization in terms of the Dubai Air Show in by Brexit for investors will be completed in 2021, of participation. Nearly 2017, US$ 15.1 billion in brought a slowdown in have been changed as 50 1,300 companies attended orders had been received trade and growth. A350s. The first A350 will the fair this year and and on the first day of the be delivered in May 2023, 161 civilian and military One of the most important fair in 2013, an all-time and all 50 aircraft will join aircraft were displayed reasons for the stagnation record had been broken the fleet by 2028. on static area. The total in the sector is the crisis with an order amount of number of visitors was environment that emerged On the fourth day of US$ 192 billion. announced as 84,043. due to the Boeing 737 MAX the fair, again, Emirates However, the fair fell short The giant aviation fair, crashes within 5 months, ordered 30 Boeing 787- of expectations in terms of which is the flagship killing 346 people. It is 9 Dreamliners with a list overall effectiveness. of the Middle East, is uncertain when the plane price of US$ 8.8 billion, famous for its record- will fly again, and airline like the captain saving The fact that only 2 breaking agreements; companies are waiting his ship and prevented

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30 orders issued to Boeing are also a result of delays in 777X delivery. Even though 30 777X orders have been changed into 787 Dreamliners, Emirates still remains the largest 777X customer in the world with the remaining 120 orders. Dreamliner deliveries are planned to start by 2023, just like the Airbus A350s.

The orders placed during for Boeing and Airbus. such as Airbus A330neo, the Dubai Airshow will Participation This figure was less than A220, A380, Boeing 787-9, create a completely new half of the order figure Embraer E195-E2, as well fleet dynamic for Emirates, from Turkey announced only for the as military aircraft such which includes only Airbus Aventure Aviation, Cornea, closing day of the previous as F-35, F-22, F-15, Rafale A380 and Boeing 777 in its Roketsan, Turkish Cabin organization. and Mirage-2000. fleet. There will be four Industry (TCI) Turkish types of aircraft in the Seat Industry (TSI) and At the static area of The next Dubai Airshow fleet. Both the A350 and Turkish Technic attended the fair, visitors had will be held on November 787 will also have the new the fair from Turkey. the opportunity to see 14-18, 2021. Premium economy cabin, Turkish Defense industry various civilian aircraft which is planned to be companies, especially introduced by the airline Turkish Aerospace and in 2020. Aselsan, did not attend One of the important the Dubai Airshow due actions that increased the to the Defense Fair held reputation of the fair came in Bangkok on the same from Air Arabia, which can date as the Dubai Airshow. be considered as another One of the most surprising host. The Sharjah-based attempts during the fair low-cost airline ordered came from SunExpress. 120 A320neo family The airline, a partnership aircraft from European of Turkish Airlines and manufacturer Airbus Lufthansa, attracted during the fair. 73 of these attention by placing 10 orders were given for Boeing 737 MAX orders, the A320neo, 27 for the the total list price of which A321neo and 20 for the was US$ 1.2 billion. longest-range version, the During the Dubai Air Show A321XLR. Only this order 2019, the total order figure package was enough to was recorded as US$ 54.5 make Airbus the most Turkey © Aviation billion, including Emirates' profitable company at the Cem Akalın, Muhammed Yılmaz and Can Erel were at Dubai orders of US$ 24.8 billion fair. Airshow

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Business Class Experience with Emirates I have experienced very enjoyable trips to attend the Dubai Airshow in Emirates Boeing 777- 300 business class from Istanbul (IST) to Dubai (DXB) and then back to Istanbul (IST).

Emirates First Class and Business Class passengers can take advantage of both the IGA Lounge © Emirates and Fast Track services at Istanbul Airport. For under the rain-bearing grapes used for the hand passenger profiles in the Istanbul-Dubai flight clouds. selected wines was also menu selection. The menu number EK124, after delivered, which was an was enriched with delicate From that moment, arriving at Istanbul Airport elegant detail. details such as dessert, a another new and wonderful about 3 hours before the fruit platter and decadent presentation began. When The availability of Turkish flight and checking my chocolate. luggage at the check-in the menu boards were appetizers on the menu counter, I had some rest at delivered, the menu with and the traditional I thoroughly enjoyed the the IGA Lounge in order to a wide variety of foods tastes of Turkish cuisine high level of comfort destress before the flight. made me feel that I was such as eggplant with that the seats provided at a luxurious restaurant minced chicken were as are able to turn into After taking my seat, 8A and I was flying at an among the main dishes full-flat beds, also an in the Business Class altitude of 36 thousand with options that were amenity kit consisting cabin of the Boeing feet. Apart from the concrete evidence that of quality products was 777-300, I realized that beverage menu, a separate the airline made every provided, and an in-flight an extremely pleasant wine list, including a brief effort to increase service entertainment system journey awaited me description from the quality and satisfaction, with a wide variety thanks to the welcoming sommelier about the by taking into account content was available. champagne offered to me by the cabin supervisor, who had thought of almost everything for an enjoyable and comfortable trip.

We were ready for the flight with snacks offered before the flight, and detailed information about the flight was provided and an interesting safety demo. After a taxi on the runway, we started our journey and left Istanbul Turkey © Aviation

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The courteous service continued with other special details combined with the sumptuous taste of the meal. The in-cabin Turkey © Aviation lighting system that illuminates a starry night atmosphere in the cabin while the passengers were resting, and sleeping was proof that all nuances were considered for the comfort of the passengers. Emirates is a global airline that employs many Turkish pilots and cabin crews. As per the company policy, Emirates makes an effort to provide a cabin attendant who is a citizen of the country of departure on its flights. started walking through In order to use the other passengers at the This is both a thoughtful the spacious corridors Emirates private chauffeur airport. At the counters detail for passengers of Dubai Airport. I was service, after completing which are very close to to express themselves excited to experience your flight reservation, you the gate where you enter and to feel more another service element must make a reservation the terminal, you take relaxed communicating that is provided by by entering your address your boarding pass and when needed, and it is Emirates, which aims to with your PNR number, check your luggage. Thus, undoubtedly a smart move offer travel comfort to its the address you will if you want to shop at the that makes it easier to passengers not only on the arrive to from the airport airport, you do not need understand the necessary aircraft and in the sky, but after landing, and your to carry your luggage. announcements onboard. also in the city. departing address for your Then, you can quickly On both of my flights there return trip. You are given access the Emirates First After I received my was a Turkish cabin crew a lift by luxury vehicles to Class and Business Class luggage following the member, including a senior your destination and you lounges and unwind before passport check, I followed cabin supervisor who has are transported to the your journey. You can also the signs in the airport and been with Emirates for 22 airport by considering the go to the plane without reached the center of the years on my departing distance of the address experiencing the stress of Emirates Chauffeur Drive, flight and there was a you give to the airport and boarding lines by using the which Emirates offers cabin attendant who traffic conditions. So, you special gates that open to First and Business recently took office on are able to indulge in the directly to your plane from Class passengers. The my returning flight. I have comfort of Emirates in a the lounge. time between giving my to say that they represent way that also covers your boarding pass to the staff Emirates Airlines, based Turkey very well and airport transportation as are very successful and at the service counter, in Dubai, organizes 18 well. competent in their work. waiting for the procedures reciprocal flights per a to be completed and Your private driver, who week between Istanbul After a pleasant journey getting on the road was takes you to the airport and Dubai, 11 of which are of about 4 hours and 15 shorter than I could have for your return flight, from/to Istanbul Airport minutes, I exited the 777 imagined. leaves you at a different and 7 of which are from/to which landed in Dubai and gate than the ones for Sabiha Gökçen Airport

Istanbul Sabiha Gokcen International Airport (ISG) was selected as its global contributions are honored to receive the “Best Airport of the Göral:“We to the aviation industry this valuable award by Year” by CAPA, one of the will play an and over 30 million CAPA, which recognizes world's leading aviation passengers throughout important the extraordinary growth organizations. the year. The Aviation role in making story of ISG. It is also ISG was awarded with Awards for Excellence Istanbul one of important for us that the “Best Airport of were given in 10 the world's mega this award coincides the Year” thanks to its different categories aviation centers” with the 10th year of our great contributions to which were determined terminal building, which the aviation sector on a by an independent At the award ceremony has served more than global scale and having international jury. held at the CAPA World 200 million passengers served over 30 million Istanbul Sabiha Gökçen Aviation Summit in Malta, so far, and which has passengers during the Airport was deemed ISG’s CEO Ersel Göral increased more than 6 year. worthy of an award by received the award from times during that time. the CAPA Chairman The achievements of being selected among Today, as Turkey's 2nd Emeritus Peter Harbison. Istanbul Sabiha Gokcen airports that served 30 and Europe's 12th busiest In his speech at the award International Airport - million passengers and airport, we currently serve ceremony, Göral said, “We Turkey's second largest above. more than 35 million airport - were deemed worthy of many national and international awards. © ISG Approaching the end of 2019, ISG was awarded by the Aviation Awards for Excellence, which has been given by the Center for Asia Pacific Aviation (CAPA) since 2002. At the Aviation Awards for Excellence, ISG was selected as the “Best Airport of the Year” with

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passengers per year. Located 40 kilometers Havaş Employees from the city center, ISG has become the city airport of Istanbul after Becomes Mobile with the opening of Istanbul Airport and the closing of Ataturk Airport. Following APPRON Havaş, one of the most the completion of access significant brands in roads and the metro line, Turkey, puts APPRON, the the launch of the second in-house communication runway and a new terminal platform developed for building within next year, Havaş employees, into we will play an important operation. The APPRON role in making Turkey and application is the first Istanbul one of the world's application in its field mega aviation hubs.” in the ground handling ISG was selected as the services sector which "Airport of the Year" at the enables employees to CAPA Aviation Awards for easily carry out their Excellence in 2014 in the personal transactions such administrator screen, their mobile phones, and 15-25 million-passenger as payroll, leave, transfer work schedules, events, in the meantime, follow category, and "The World's requests, etc., while also announcements and up on company-related Best Airport" by the swiftly accessing events, news are readily available announcements and news World Low Cost Airlines announcements and news. to employees. With a with push notifications. Congress in 2010. This user-friendly interface, The application was well- Havaş guides the year, ISG won first place the application enables liked by our employees’’. sector in Turkey with its in the “Airports” category employees to access their innovation investments With the APPRON of the A.L.F.A Awards, personalized data from and has begun using the application information where brands offering outside the office. APPRON application with on vacation requests, the best customer the goal to enhance in- Havaş General Manager leaves, payment advances, experience were awarded, house communication Kürşad Koçak stated, payroll, transfer requests and received the Business and gather over 4,000 ‘’We are more than are readily available. Support Services Award employees on a single happy to achieve a Team leaders can also of the Year given by platform. APPRON is the first in our sector with access reports and Fortune Magazine, one first corporate mobile APPRON, a new mobile statistics on their teams of the world's leading application in the sector application developed from the administrator multinational business and Havaş employees for our employees to screen. Contact lists, publications. can immediately access swiftly and easily carry reminders for birthdays all the information they out their work processes. and special days, may require during work Moreover, I believe, we personal work schedule, processes from their have included another events, announcements mobile phones with one dimension to the in-house and recent news can click. Information such communication approach be accessed via the as including vacation in the ground handling application as well. requests, leaves, payment services sector. With the APPRON is now available advances, payroll APPRON application, all for both iOS and Android information, transfer Havaş employees will be operated mobile phones of transactions, reports on able to access up to date Havaş employees.

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Fraport TAV Antalya Airport Hosts Connect 2020 “Antalya is more than Summer”

The Connect Route Development Antalya Airport campaign “Antalya is 13th Forum 2020 is not only an event for more than Summer”. Deniz Varol and the aviation industry to come together Bilgihan Yilmaz, General Manager, Brussels and discuss new partnerships, but Fraport TAV Antalya Airport made it’s also a fantastic opportunity for the opening a speeches and welcome Airport attendees to experience the very participants from different nations. best of what Turkey has to offer. This Connect 2020 event brings together Aviation year’s event is set in the wonderful 614 aviation decision makers including surroundings of Antalya and hosted more than 70 airlines and 205 Awards by Fraport TAV Antalya Airport. It represented airports from 55 countries is a unique chance to showcase Brussels Airport Company to discuss current and future air Antalya as a destination in winter continues its annual tradition of transport links. This year’s event hit a as well and supports the Fraport TAV presenting the Brussels Airport record in terms of airline participation. Aviation Awards. The airport bestows these awards to honor those airlines and partners that have distinguished themselves during the preceding year in terms of network and cargo development, environment and safety, and punctuality and performance.

The Network Development Awards go to airlines that have launched new routes or achieved significant growth in passenger or cargo volumes. Qatar Airways Turkish Cargo was awarded in the category of Network Increased its Holding Development Award Cargo Airline. in International Airlines Turkish Cargo enjoyed considerable growth this past Group year at Brussel Airport. Last Qatar Airways Group increased its company announced on January 17. year, Turkish Cargo replaced holding to %25,1 in International “Qatar Airways continues to consider the weekly flight to Istanbul Airlines Group (IAG) which owns British opportunities to invest in airlines and with an A300 with three A330 Airways and Iberia, Aer Lingus, Level & support management teams that flights per week. The other Vueling. Qatar previously held %21,4 share our vision to enhance travel airlines nominated in this of IAG. In January 2020, IAG removed opportunities for airline passengers category were Avianca Cargo its limit of non-EU shareholding, as across the globe.” said Qatar Airways and Sichuan Cargo. non-EU persons held 39.5%, as the CEO Mr Al Baker.

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Atlas Global’s Time in the International Flights Sky Ends with Anadolu Jet Turkish Airlines’ AnadoluJet will continue the example of One of Turkey’s airline companies Atlas brand goes global on March Turkish Airlines and will open its Global Airlines cancelled all flights 29 with its new international doors to the world, allowing us on February 12, 2020. The carrier had flights from Istanbul Sabiha to carry more passengers with previously suspended European flights Gökçen Airport. Since its Turkish hospitality. We wish to and reduced domestic flight operations foundation back in 2008, make AnadoluJet the airline temporarily on November 28, 2019 due AnadoluJet has been carrying that becomes the meeting to financial problems. AtlasGlobal over 100 million passengers via point of the world just as its restarted its suspended flights again airports of Turkey and now it is namesake Anatolia, the land to Antalya, London, Baghdad, Tel-Aviv, set to carry its service quality that was and is the connecting Tehran and Amsterdam on December abroad with its new flight point of numerous civilizations 21, 2019. With the declaration of the network. throughout history. I believe Directorate General of Civil Aviation that after connecting Anatolia Operating its flights with from one corner to another, on social media accounts on February Turkish Airlines ‘ 87 years AnadoluJet will successfully 12, 2020 ‘ airlines filed for bankruptcy of experience, AnadoluJet connect cities of the world with due to their failure to continue their will add international flights its affordable flights.” operations and flights’ - Atlas Global covering 26 destinations in 16 officially left the skies. The last flight countries to its routes in Turkey With its aircraft that consist was operated from Istanbul to Baghdad. according to the new planning. of solely economy class, Atlas Global had been operating since With its fleet set to reach 57 AnadoluJet will increase 2001, had flied to 27 other destinations, aircraft in total, the brand will passenger capacity by 22% continue the flight satisfaction and will offer its services to including London, Paris, France, provided by Turkish Airlines to more passengers at a lower Germany and destinations across the its new flights. With its whole cost. With this new strategy, Middle East and Russia. It operated a operational processes such as the number of additional fleet of 18 aircraft, 13 of which are the ground services and technical seats offered will be 1.2 million. A321-200, along with three A320s, one maintenance covered with the New flight planning will offer A319 and one widebody A330. assurance of Turkish Airlines, 30% better connectivity for international flights will also domestic and international put comfort at the forefront. flights. AnadoluJet is now waiting to offer its unparalleled Sharing his views on the domestic service provided with new plans, Turkish Airlines Turkish Airlines’ experienced Chairman of the Board and the cabin and cockpit crew to its © Sıtkı Atasoy Executive Committee, M. İlker passengers travelling abroad. Aycı stated; “To this day, we’ve Starting on March 29, tickets carried millions of passengers for the new flights are available to the four corners of the world via AnadoluJet and Turkish with our brand Turkish Airlines. Airlines sales channels. From March 29 on, AnadoluJet

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Award-Winning Frigorific Vehicle Project of Qatar Cargo Supported by Havaş Qatar Airways Cargo received the Jury Special Award for the “Frigorific Vehicle at the Apron for Cold Chain” project developed by Havaş, one of the leading companies in the industry and supporting cargo operations of Qatar Cargo, at the Atlas Logistics Awards which is closely followed by the logistics industry. Mr. Salvatore Qatar Cargo, one of the long-term collaborations, collaborations of Havaş was deemed worthy of an Sciacchitano of Italy in warehouse services, award. Our vehicles with Elected President of which integrates the latest refrigeration units have technology and equipment been developed in order to the ICAO Council into its services with its maintain the cold chain in the November 26, 2019, the (RAI), as Deputy General innovation investments, transfers of air cargo subject 36-member governing Director of the Italian was deemed worthy of the to customs such as medicine, body of the International Civil Aviation Authority jury special award at the food from the apron. We will Civil Aviation (ENAC), and many other Atlas Logistics Awards with continue our investments Organization (ICAO), international positions the frigorific vehicle project regarding innovation by the ICAO Council, has including as Executive launched by Havaş last breaking ground in the air elected Mr. Salvatore Secretary of the year. Within the scope of cargo sector.” Sciacchitano of Italy as European Civil Aviation the awards that are closely Operating at its warehouses its President for a three- Conference (ECAC; followed by the logistics at Istanbul Airport, located year term, beginning 1 2010–2018). sector and the business on an area of approximately January 2020. world, winners were selected He has also participated 14 thousand square meters, among 83 candidates in 5 He succeeds Dr. in several ICAO as well as its warehouses at categories and were given for Olumuyiwa Benard Aliu Assemblies as Chief or Izmir Adnan Menderes and the 10th year this year during of Nigeria, who has held Alternate Chief of the Ankara Esenboğa Airports, the Logitrans International the position for two Italian Delegation to Havaş hosts the general Transport Logistics Fair. consecutive terms since the ICAO, as well as the cargo, valuable cargo, 2014. Chief Delegate of ECAC. Havaş General Manager refrigeration-requiring He had also recently been Kürşad Koçak said, “As cargo, and cargo containing Who is Mr. appointed to the Italian Havaş, we contribute to hazardous material and Salvatore Delegation of the ICAO the development of the radioactive material, and Sciacchitano? Council. industry in all areas in undertakes the management which we perform activities of import and export cargo. In Mr. Sciacchitano’s Mr. Sciacchitano and we focus on raising addition, Havaş also provides candidacy had been is fluent in English, the bar higher with our inquiry service with ‘the endorsed by the 44 French and Italian. He collaborations by integrating Airway Bill Inquiry’ function General Directors of the graduated as a Master the latest technologies into under the warehouse European Civil Aviation in telecommunication our services. In this direction, services menu on Havaş Conference. His election engineering “cum laude” we are pleased that the Mobile application and under follows an accomplished from the University of frigorific vehicle project, the online transactions on 39-year career in aviation, Catania and has an which we developed in havas.net, in order to enable during which he served extensive educational 2018 and launched for the import cargo customers to inter alia as General background in first time in the operations access storage fees more Director of the Italian both aviation and of Qatar Cargo, one of our easily. Airworthiness Authority management.

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Bell Teams Up with Sumitomo Corporation and Japan Airlines to Explore Air Mobility Bringing together a comprehensive set of partners with complementary capabilities to unlock the future of transport

Bell Textron Inc., a Textron Inc. (NYSE: TXT) company, announced a signed memorandum of understanding today with Sumitomo Corporation and Japan Airlines Co., Ltd., to explore Mobility- as-a-Service (MaaS) and to foster the required infrastructure and regulatory environment. This collaboration will inform the development of an on-demand air mobility ecosystem utilizing Bell’s

air mobility solutions © Bell including Bell’s Air Taxi, the Nexus 4EX, in Japan. on enriching lives and Business Division. “All existing framework, and the world. Sumitomo three companies bring a we believe this is the right “We are excited to take is working to leverage unique perspective, and team to set the standard this substantial step their broad business we are excited to work in Japan for future cities to bring together an portfolio spanning metal together toward this new to implement urban air international airline, a products, transportation future.” mobility systems.” major infrastructure & construction systems, provider, and a VTOL OEM Japan Airlines (JAL) is Together, these infrastructure, media & to work collaboratively on a globally respected, companies will develop digital, living related & a more connected mobility international airline policy and planning real estate, and mineral future.” said Bell’s Scott delivering Japanese recommendations, identify resources, energy, and Drennan, Vice President hospitality worldwide by entry into service use chemicals to support of Innovation. “While we conducting numerous cases and pilot programs, the development of the are known for our 80 years operations centering on and develop infrastructure necessary infrastructure of creating vertical lift the air transport business requirements that and business use cases aircraft that move people, and improving customer’s integrate into both current for air mobility. ”We have goods, and data, we also convenience. Tomohiro and future transportation been inspired by Bell’s want to help shape the Nishihata, Japan Airlines’ systems and city vision and their capability operational infrastructure Managing Executive standards to provide of penetrating into this in which they will live.” Officer of Innovation safe, accessible and urban air mobility market,” stated, “Japan Airlines is sustainable multi-modal Sumitomo is a 100-year- said Eiji Ishida, Sumitomo’s eager to explore the future transportation system to old global enterprise Executive Officer of of air travel beyond its our communities. based in Japan focused Lease, Ship & Aerospace

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Qatar Airways Welcomes its One Millionth Passenger

Qatar Airways which has Ferit Aksun, Qatar been selected as “The Airways Country Best Airline in the World” 5 Manager Eastern Europe times and Istanbul Sabiha South: “Qatar Airways Gökçen International is happy to celebrate Airport (ISG) held a special our fifth anniversary of surprise greeting ceremony operating from Sabiha for its millionth passenger Gökçen Airport, as well on Tuesday, December as welcoming our one 10th. İrem Şeker, landed millionth passenger. We at IGS with her husband have further strengthened traveling in via Doha, and our commitment to the was greeted with applause Turkish market this year as well as strengthened Airways and ISG officials when she got off the by opening a route to Izmir ISG’s position as one exchanged gifts. plane and was informed and we hope to continue of the major airports in In Turkey, Qatar Airways that she was the millionth our growing relationship in Europe. In the upcoming with its flights from/to passenger flying with the upcoming years.” years, we hope that this Qatar Airways to Sabiha Istanbul Airport, Istanbul Ersel Goral, ISG CEO: partnership will continue Gökçen International Sabiha Gökçen Airport, “We are proud of our to bring further success Airport. A round-trip ticket Ankara Esenboğa Airport, partnership with Qatar to both Qatar Airways from ISG to Doha was given Izmir Adnan Menderes Airways and serving our and ISG. Qatar Airways’ as a gift to the married Airport, Adana Airport passengers through our strong network and high couple by Ferit Aksun, and seasonally from/ airport and facilities. service quality together Qatar Airways Country to Bodrum and Antalya We have come a long with ISG’s superior terminal Manager Eastern Europe Airports, connects many way since we started facilities will provide South. Other passengers destinations from Turkey this journey with Qatar great advantages to our on the plane were also to the world. Qatar Airways Airways 5 years ago. passengers.” welcomed with traditional will start flying to/from Qatar Airways’ presence Turkish delights and The cake cutting Trabzon as of May 20, 2020 here has supported us in refreshments. ceremony was held after and will increase its number achieving further growth the speeches and Qatar of routes to 8 in Turkey. HANKOK Meeting Held in Antalya The 146th Air relevant institutions Transportation and organizations, Facilitating Committee the International Civil (HANKOK) meeting was Aviation Organization's held at Antalya Akra (ICAO) 40th General Hotel on December 12, Assembly Resolutions 2019, with the sponsorship were shared, and several of Fraport TAV Antalya issues such as the Airport. problems and solutions restricted passengers, by air, and investigation in services provided to regulations on the rights of wild animal issues at In the meeting attended disabled or mobility- of passengers traveling airports were discussed. by representatives of

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Seamless Air Alliance Announces World’s First Inflight Connectivity Standard Developed in collaboration capacity and innovations with industry experts faster and more cost- across Seamless Air effectively than ever Alliance’s member before.” companies, Seamless Seamless Release 1.0 Release 1.0 establishes includes a comprehensive the world’s only Modular set of unique, testable, Platform Architecture requirements for airlines for inflight connectivity. to use when developing By using a modular sourcing requests. structure based on open In addition to saving interfaces, the system the airline time and enables rapid adoption of money to develop these new technologies without requirements, standards requiring customization or eliminate the risk of trying the complete replacement to predict how future of equipment on the developments will impact aircraft or fleet. their choice of systems. customers varies from easily deploy, integrate The standard – Seamless one airline to another and operate on-board Mark Cheyney, IFEC Release 1.0 – enables in terms of things like networks by having Development Manager long-term technical simplicity and data a choice of different at Virgin Atlantic, said: flexibility for airlines, speeds. With rising suppliers and open “Meeting increasing provides a secure and consumer connectivity interfaces from where expectations for easy-to-access service needs, this new standard they can source modular connectivity in the for passengers, and opens is a promising first step parts, subsystems and skies is fast becoming a the door to seamless towards a much improved software. This design driving factor in airline roaming with mobile and consistent inflight means multi-supplier preference. Virgin Atlantic network operators. customer experience." IFC systems can be built and the Seamless Air quickly to support future “Passenger demands Alliance believe that Additional details of technology upgrades for inflight connectivity standardization will Seamless Release 1.0 that do not require are still ahead of the allow airlines to be are available in a newly customizations. performance of systems more empowered and published technology putting increasing more in control of their brief, titled Seamless The Seamless Air Alliance pressure on airlines connectivity service Air Alliance Introduction is an open, international to find a way to meet offerings, allowing them to SR1 – A New Era of collaboration of airlines, these expectations and to meet their customers’ Inflight Connectivity. technology leaders, gain passenger loyalty,” expectations.” and suppliers formed to The publication of said Jack Mandala, improve the way airlines Sherif Bakir, CEO of the standard, which Seamless Air Alliance build out connectivity Vodafone Roaming is available for any CEO. “Seamless Release to support continuous Services, added: "While Seamless Air Alliance 1.0 changes the game innovation and allow rapid inflight connectivity member to view in full, by enabling airlines to upscaling in the market. is already available enables airlines and take advantage of new today, the experience of mobile operators to

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A330-800 Receives Joint EASA and FAA Type Certification The A330-800 has received 22 operators. In the A330- joint Type Certification from 800, passengers can expect the European Aviation Safety the highest levels of comfort, Agency (EASA) and the Federal with the aircraft featuring Aviation Administration (FAA). the award-winning Airspace The aircraft’s certification by Airbus cabin with larger flight-test campaign was overhead storage, advanced successfully performed by cabin mood lighting and the aircraft MSN1888, which latest in-flight entertainment completed the program in 370 and connectivity. Operationally, The G700 flight test hours and 132 flights the A330neo shares a common since its first flight in November pilot type-rating with the Brings the Best 2018. The A330-800, part of a larger A350 XWB, which true new-generation A330neo facilitates minimum flight in the Business family, is the most efficient training cost and maximum longest range entry-level pilot productivity. Maintenance Together widebody and incorporates personnel will also benefit from new Rolls-Royce Trent 7000 the aircraft’s new Skywise Gulfstream Aerospace Corp., a wholly owned engines, a new 3D-optimized data connectivity features subsidiary of General Dynamics, announced wing and new Sharklets using which will help them to predict the all-new Gulfstream G700TM made its first lighter composite materials. potential issues before they flight on 15 February, 2020,demonstrating the Together, these advances arise, thus ensuring maximum program’s maturity and officially launching bring a significant reduction productivity of the aircraft in the rigorous flight-test program of the most in fuel consumption of 25 per revenue service. The A330 is spacious jet in the industry with the longest cent compared with older the most popular widebody range at the fastest speeds. generation competitor aircraft family ever, operating over one The G700 departed Savannah/Hilton Head of similar size. Certified initially million flights every year. It has International Airport at 1:19 p.m. and landed 2 with a maximum take-off received over 1,800 orders hours and 32 minutes later. The aircraft made weight (MTOW) of 242 tones from 120 customers with 1,400 the flight on a 30/70 blend of sustainable for a range capability of up A330s currently in operation aviation fuel. “The G700’s first flight is a to 7,500 nautical miles, the today. The A330neo is the momentous occasion and the next step forward A330-800 will typically seat latest addition to the leading in Gulfstream’s vision for the future, a vision that 220 to 260 passengers in Airbus widebody Family, which has been guided by the strategic leadership three classes, or up to 406 also includes the A350 XWB, of our parent company, General Dynamics, travelers in a single-class featuring unmatched space and the innovation of the Gulfstream team,” high-density configuration. and comfort combined with said Mark Burns president, Gulfstream. “As the To date the A330neo Family unprecedented efficiency levels market leader, Gulfstream is moving the entire has won 337 firm orders from and unrivalled range capability. business-jet industry forward with advanced safety features, tomorrow’s technology and a cabin purposefully designed to exceed our customers’ expectations for comfort.” The G700 was introduced as the new industry flagship in October 2019 with a full-scale cabin mock- up and an aircraft taxiing under its own power.

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The program includes five already manufactured flight-test aircraft and a structural test article AVIAA and LOFT that has completed load testing. The G700 features the longest, widest and tallest cabin in Partner on Citation & the industry with 20 Gulfstream panoramic oval CJ Training Offering windows and up to five living areas. The aircraft introduces many all-new interior differentiators, including an ultragalley with more than 10 feet of counter space and a crew compartment or passenger lounge; the industry’s only ultra-high- definition circadian lighting system; speakerless surround sound; and a master suite with shower. The G700 is powered by Rolls-Royce Pearl 700 engines and refined with Gulfstream-designed aerodynamics and an all-new winglet. The aircraft can fly at its high-speed cruise of Mach 0.90 for 6,400 nautical miles/11,853 kilometers or at its long-range cruise of Mach 0.85 for 7,500 AVIAA, the expanding group the Citation jet. Insurance nm/13,890 km. The G700 also includes the purchasing organization for and crew training are critical Gulfstream Symmetry Flight DeckTM with the business aviation, has added operational pillars where industry’s only electronically linked active control LOFT as another strategic AVIAA delivers economies of sidesticks, the most extensive use of touchscreen partner for its membership. scale to members.” For the past 15 years, LOFT technology in business aviation and Gulfstream’s LOFT recently added a new has provided experienced award-winning Predictive Landing Performance Cessna 560 Level D simulator flight instruction to Cessna System. at its location in Southern Citation and CJ pilots through California. Offering a wide “The G700 brings the best in the business together the entire training process. variety of training courses as – the innovation of the G500 and G600 Symmetry Its unique Part 142 simulator well as scheduling options, Flight Deck and the legendary performance of training program, based in LOFT flight instructors the G650ER – and we are excited to deliver this Carlsbad, California, will now are career aviators and exceptional aircraft to our customers,” said Burns. be offered to the growing professional pilots. number of AVIAA members operating Citation C Series “We pride ourselves on business jets. specialized CJ and Citation initial and recurrent training “As our community grows, we at LOFT and partnering with understand the importance AVIAA will allow us to offer of offering our members its members pilot instruction training partners that have in a relaxed and professional the ability to deliver the environment,” said Collin highest level of training Yantos, LOFT Marketing and adapt to an operation’s Director. “All of our courses specific and ever-changing are taught with a proprietary needs,” said Matthew Smith, curriculum and state-of- AVIAA Chief Business the-art technology to ensure Development Officer. “LOFT the best training experience is a natural partner to add for pilots whether they are to our portfolio with its seeking initial type ratings, track record of experienced ATP certificates, SIC training, simulator pilot training, as well or insurance-approved as the significant number of recurrent training.” AVIAA members operating

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DHL Express Upgrades its Fleet with Six New Boeing 777 Freighters This Year

February 24, 2020, DHL the-line fuel-efficient are pleased to continue with 17 partner airlines on Express, the world’s technology and features demonstrating to partners over 3.000 daily flights leading international the longest range at full and customers alike how across 220 countries and express service provider, payload of any widebody these advancements territories. is receiving six new Boeing freighter aircraft. This stand to elevate the entire “We expect further 777F-200 cargo aircraft allows DHL to operate with express logistics industry growth in cross-border this year. The first of these higher efficiency while while bringing us closer e-commerce trade and, as planes to come in 2020 meeting the increasing to achieving our Strategy a result, increased demand landed last Thursday at its global demand for express 2025 goals.” for our express logistics future base of operations, logistics service. In the center of its Strategy services and expertise the Cincinnati/Northern "We’re excited to welcome 2025 DHL Express in intercontinental Kentucky International more Boeing 777Fs to the focusses particularly on deliveries,” says Travis Airport (CVG). In 2018 DHL DHL Express family this ‘E-commerce’ as a growth Cobb, EVP Global ordered 14 new Boeing year,” says John Pearson, driver and ‘efficiency’ for Network Operations and 777F, with four delivered in CEO of DHL Express. “With further increasing its Aviation at DHL Express. 2019, six to come this year the modernization of our profit. With a payload “With the new Boeing and the remaining four intercontinental fleet, capacity of 102 tons and 777Fs, we can increase to be taken into service we can simultaneously a range of 9,200 km, the our intercontinental in 2021. The current enhance our proven B777F has the largest connections while freighter will be operated ability to meet growing capacity and range of reducing carbon emissions by DHL Express’ partner demand, improve our all twin-engine freighter and fuel consumption. This airline Kalitta. The renewal environmental footprint aircraft. They are also more enables us to continue to is part of the overall and deliver best quality fuel-efficient, reliable provide customers with modernization of the long- service to our customers. than older planes and the excellent quality haul intercontinental fleet DHL has made its mark reducing CO2 emissions they’ve come to expect of the courier company time and time again by 18 per cent. DHL from us while we work and replaces older with innovative solutions Express operates over to expand our global planes. The Boeing 777F and technologies. We 260 dedicated aircraft services.” is equipped with top-of-

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