Volume XXV No. 7 July, 1970 INFORMATION ISSUED BY THE ASSOClATfON OF JEWISH REflKEES IN CREAT BRITAIN

Robert Weltsch details this, too, was not a novelty. Goldmann had explained his political point of view both with regard to Israel and the Diaspora in the last chapters of his autobiography which ap­ FIFTY YEARS SERVICE TO JEWRY peared in London last month** (but published in the United States already at the end of last Nahum Goldmann: The Affair and the Man year). By virtue of these last chapters, which are not strictly autobiographical but concern the future, this book has become a kind of Three years after the so-called " Six-Day ber theatre. The mockery of the Israeli estab­ polemical pamphlet, in addition to being a War " there is still no relief in Israel's situ­ lishment, the funny persiflage of its—and the kaleidoscope of almost 60 years of Jewish ation. Many had naively expected that the average Israeli citizen's—naive self-righteous­ history. It also reveals the origin and intel­ fruit of victory would be an honourable peace. ness, and the unequivocal anti-war tendency lectual background of this man who has been Indeed, a leading Israel personality at that aroused strong indignation, but even many who in the limelight over the last months. Although time mockingly said that Nasser had been disliked the play defended its presentation in the controversy about his ideas has abated revealed as a " paper tiger", and that Israel accordance with the democratic principle of slightly, it is by no means over. Dramatic and was waiting for an Arab telephone call pro- freedom of speech and of artistic expression. tragic events in the military field and es­ Posing negotiations. It is perhaps understand­ Nevertheless, the performances (which were pecially the extended Russian engagement on able that the elation of victory nourished such almost daily interrupted by uproar) had to be the Arab side, have created a feeling of emer­ an illusion, but it was not a sign of far-sighted stopped after a run of a few weeks because of gency in Israel, where internal discussions are statesmanship. It is now—too late—almost com­ public pressure, especially from part of the placed in the background. But this very situ­ mon view that the initiative should have come extremist press.* Actually, criticism should not ation highlights past omissions and is apt to from Israel in June, 1967, without the humilia­ be mistaken as " defeatism " or as weakening emphasise the urgency for a new orientation. tion of the vanquished. There was no need to of military preparedness. It is one of the signs boast of Israel's obvious military superiority; of independent thought and of the awakening In Pre-War Gennany the need was to show Israel's awareness that of the nation's consciousness, tired of national­ military victory does not solve everything, and ist slogans and of reliance on military strength Apart from these topical issues, Goldmann's that the political issue in its wider context only without seeking more promising political autobiography may be of special interest for must be tackled in a reasonable way. ideas. the readers of this joumal because a large part In the last months the situation has been For that reason Nahum Goldmann's bold of it is closely linked with the Jewish situation aggravated, with no solution in sight and with initiative, whatever was felt about its details, in Germany. Although born in the small a large part of world opinion now arrayed was welcomed at least by a minority, and Lithuanian townlet of Visznevo on July 10, against Israel. While life is going on fairly discussed with interest. Much more widespread 1895—he thus celebrates his 75th birthday this normally inside Israel, acts of war at the cease­ was the view that the Government had month—he was six years old when the family fire line and shocking atrocities abound. The blundered in its handling of the affair. Quite moved to Frankfurt and Goldmann was edu­ ensuing indignation makes reconciliation more unnecessarily it was tumed into a publicity cated in Germany and spent his formative remote than ever. In such a situation it is stunt and a display of personal animosity, to years there. True he never lost that character clear that only some unorthodox bold initiative the detriment of Israel's prestige and image. At indelebilis which the provenience from a could possibly break the ice. That is why the the same time, it is evident that the issue at Yiddish " shtettel" provides. But the more " Goldmann affair " has stirred up such strong dispute was not only the question of proced­ interesting phenomenon is his devotion to emotions in Israel. The surprising suggestion ure, i.e. insistence of the Israel Government German culture, literature and philosophy, that the leading Arab ruler. President Abdul that Arab peace moves should be directly which made the young boy an enthusiastic Nasser, may have agreed to have an— addressed only to themselves, in accordance German also in the political sense. He was one admittedly non-committal—conversation with with its own rigid (and now most controver­ of those—at that time before the First World a well-known Jewish statesman, however un­ sial) formula of " direct negotiations " which War not uncommon—Jewish intellectuals of representative of the present Israeli Govern­ no Arab can accept at this juncture. The issue Eastern European origin, who regarded Ger­ ment, had a catalytic effect on Israel public also involved the merits of the case. The fact many as their gateway to the world, and to opinion. The result was an amazing amount of is that Goldmann's ideas about peace and about the acquisition of knowledge. Compared with utterances in favour of a more active peace the future of the State of Israel, and also his Tsarist Russia, Germany was a heaven of free­ policy. From many quarters, but predom­ appraisal of the actual possibilities, are at dom. Having been a kind of prodigy, a brilliant inantly from spokesmen of the younger gen­ great variance with the views hitherto main­ orator whilst still at high school, appearing eration, the Govemment is now reproached for tained by official spokesmen. However, owing " illegally" as a successful speaker at public not more unequivocally declaring its willing­ to the coalition of very divergent elements, meetings for the Zionist cause, Goldmann put ness to make concessions for the sake of peace. no agreed platform has yet emerged from the all his great talents at the service of Germany Primarily it is criticised for failing to avoid Govemment, and some of its ministers have when the First World War broke out. He tells actions which bar the way to an understanding gone on record as proclaiming far-reaching us with complete candour of his conviction even with moderate Arabs, such as the con­ annexionist aims (not underwritten by the that Germany was fighting for a just cause, fiscation of land in Arab Hebron and the Government as a whole). that it represented the morally and culturally announcement of a project to establish a One cannot be surprised that a fresh breeze superior party in that great contest. Not yet Jewish settlement in this occupied territory. blew into the stuffy atmosphere and caused a 20 years of age he wrote patriotic pro-German kind of shock treatment, when Goldmann, articles for the " Frankfurter Zeitung ", which For the first time, opposition in Israel is so greatly impressed the proprietor of that very vocal; not of course, in Parliament which having frequently defined his attitude in speeches, published his ideas tentatively in paper. Dr. Heinrich Simon, that he reprinted IS paralysed by the coalition system of so-called them in a brochure which the German Foreign national unity, but in public manifestations, in the reputed American Quarterly " Foreign Affairs", and subsequently at the beginning Office was eager to use as propaganda. To cut newspaper articles, on the radio, in intellectual a long and interesting story short Goldmann, circles and mainly among university professors of April, in a series of six long articles in the and students. One of the rather bizarre ex­ Hebrew daily " Haaretz". Apart from some ** Memories. The autobiography ol Nahum Goldmann. amples of protest was the production of a The story of a lifelong battle by World Jewry's Ambassador- at-large. Weidenfeld & Nicoison. London, 1970. 358 pp. satirical anti-Government play called "The * According to news received after this article was 84s. written, the nerformances will be resumed in premises Queen in the Bath Tub " at the Tel-Aviv cham­ outside Tel Aviv.—The Editor. Continued on page 2 Page 2 AJR INFORMATION July, 1970 most prominent representative of organised FIFTY YEARS SERVICE TO JEWRY Diaspora Jewry, and he often tried to explain to Israeli authorities the inevitability of Continued from page 1 permanent Diaspora existence and the pecul­ iarity of the resulting position. He warned the though being an enemy alien, landed in the mann co-operated with Stephen Wise and, Israeli Government of potential conflicts which propaganda department of the Auswdrtiges after the latter's death, became president of could arise when the Jewry of a particular Amt, where he stayed until the end of the war. Congress, an office he still holds. During his country were placed in a dilemma between years in America, in the Second World War divergent policies. One case in point was the This early chapter of his life will amaze and after, he became one of the leading Jewish Suez invasion of 1956, which was strongly many who regard Germany as the very in­ public figures, and there were few contempor­ opposed by the American Govemment (and, carnation of antisemitism. But this was a long ary statesmen he did not meet. His prolonged incidentally, by Goldmann too). Moreover, time before Hitler, and the world was different efforts to create a united Jewish front did not only if the best brains of the Diaspora exercise then. Germany in 1914 was still the country of succeed, but one of the results of his en­ the right—indeed the duty—of critical judge­ Goethe and Kant. The disillusionment came in deavours was the creation of the " Conference ment, can they be of real value to Israel. the course of the war when the preponderance of Presidents" of Jewish Organisations, of Actually, most part of Diaspora Jewry, often of pan-German hubris and reliance on military which he was the first chairman. He was also out of inertia, have simply become a sounding victories revealed the other side of Germany. board of Israeli propaganda. The nationalistic and aimexiomstic trends got chairman of the " Conference on Jewish the upper hand, and the militarists did not Material Claims against Germany ", and from Owing to his rhetorical gifts and his tactical doubt their right and capacity to dictate the the very beginning he was involved in the skill, Goldmann has played a leading role at terms of a future European settlement, in negotiations with Germany about reparation Zionist Congresses especially since, after Leo spite of the fact that even inside Germany payments, both for the State of Israel and for Motzkin's death in 1933, he became their most serious doubts were already being felt about Jewish survivors elsewhere. His first meeting capable chairman. From a rigid, youthful Germany's final victory. It is not necessary to with Chancellor Adenauer on December 6, ideologist he has, with advancing years, grad­ repeat the whole story of German blunders in 1951, in London had, as we all know, momen­ ually turned into a pragmatist who understands the First World War. But we can safely as­ tous consequences. The Chancellor gave his that politics is the art of the possible. In this sume that this was a lesson also to the young consent to the idea, and shortly afterwards the respect he has learned much from the wisdom German patriot Nahum Goldniann, possibly negotiations started in The Hague. of Dr. Weizmann, whom he still admires as influencing his views over an interval of 50 Goldmann is one of the best orators of our Israel's greatest statesman, although in 1931 years. It made him—as it did many others— time, and this affects his style. Large portions Goldmann himself was instrumental in over­ sceptical about reliance on victories alone of his book read like speeches. He explains the throwing him. No history is without its con­ without proper consideration of the whole rhetorical technique in which he trained him­ tradictions. After the First World War Gold­ political and moral background and of other self from early youth. To maintain direct mann was one of those who recognised the relevant circumstances. contact with the audience he shuns written or overall importance of Israel-Arab relations in prepared speeches, and he likes to spice his Palestine, but I regret that he omits to say But in 1914 the 19-year-old Zionist, Nahum addresses with amusing anecdotes, which often that the stressing of this point was one of Goldmann, living in a milieu of enlightened succeed more than theoretical arguments in the decisive characteristics of what was then East European Jews, was a German imperial­ bringing home an essential point. The same called " German Zionism". The majority of ist. Analysing the national character he even literary talent is displayed in the interspersed German Zionists and the Zionist press in found a certain affinity between Jews and brilliant profiles of prominent people, of whom Germany after 1919 fought relentlessly for Germans, for instance in their inclination to he gives penetrating studies. Among many the principle that Arab-Jewish co-operation in systematic thought and their dialectical talent. startling episodes one perhaps particularly Palestine must be the basis of all Zionist Moreover, at that juncture of world history merits mention: his conversation with Mus­ policy and planning, and was often abused as when Germany occupied Russia's Western solini on November 13, 1934, in the course of " minimalist" or even worse. The fierce dis­ provinces (Poland and Lithuania among them) which the dictator is reported as saying: cussions of 40 and 50 years ago come to mind Goldmann, like some others, believed that " Have no fear of Herr Hitler, he is a fanatical in face of present experiences, but they are there was some community of interests because idiot . . . You are much stronger than Herr not mentioned in Goldmann's " Memories ". Germany was expected to assume responsibility Hitler. When there's no trace left of Hitler Oddly, this fascinating book contains some for East European Jewry's future. This would the Jews will still be a great people . . ." errors which could have been avoided by have been tantamount to the solution of the Naturally, Goldmann's story is, to a large better proof-reading, such as wrong dates (the European Jewish problem. (This " solution ", extent, a rendition of his Zionist Werdegang, Brandeis split was in July 1920, just 50 years alas, was carried out by Germany 30 years which was colourful enough until, after the ago, not 1919; the Lucerne Congress was in later in a very different way.) Needless to say, end of the war, he attained the highest office, 1935, not 1937 ; the famous Jewish historian's in the course of the war these ideas dwindled that of president of the World Zionist Organis­ name is Heinrich Graetz not Wilhelm ; the away. Nevertheless, nobody will dispute Gold­ ation. But at that time, because of the emerg­ Turkish commander in Palestine was Djemal, mann's thesis that the cultural and economic ence of the State of Israel, Zionism had lost not Kemal Pasha ; the member of the Komitee advancement of German Jewry during the 50 most of its meaning. For many years Gold­ fiir den Osten was Adolf Friedemann. not or 60 years preceding 1930 was a unique phen­ mann, constantly clashing with Ben-Gurion, Friedmann, etc.). Such minor faults should be omenon in Jewish Diaspora history. vehemently fought for an authorised status for corrected in later editions. When the Nazi catastrophe came in 1933, the movement he led. However, the State Goldmann was not in Germany and he did not would not tolerate an independent Zionist return. Later, he joined the attempts to com­ policy or ideology based, at least partly, on Your House for:— bat Nazi ideology and to curb Nazi activities Diaspora Jewry. Even for fund-raising, the from abroad. He became one of the leaders of Zionist Organisation was no longer required CURTAINS, CARPETS, LINO the so-called Jewish World Congress move­ as most non-Zionist Jews were willing to sup- ment, intended to organise popular Jewish port the State of Israel. Nevertheless, one of forces in a more or less democratic way for the difficult problems of the new situation was UPHOLSTERY the sake of defending Jewish interests wher­ the relationship between Israel and the ever Jews were persecuted. In this area Gold­ Diaspora. Nahum Goldmann was perhaps the SPECIALITY CONTINENTAL DOWN QUILTS!

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Telex: London 25157 Parsonal attention ol Mr. W. Shackman AJR INFORMATION July, 1970 Page 3 HOME NEWS AISGLO-JUDAICA Prince Philip host to NEW LIFE PEERS GLASGOW REGIUS CHAIR Welfare Board On the dissolution of Parliament, Sir Barnett The regius chair of Materia Medica at A dinner was held at St. James's Palace to Janner was created a life peer. The AJR sent Glasgow University is now occupied by Profes­ raise funds for building and equipping new a congratulatory message to Sir Barnett who sor Abraham Goldberg, a graduate of Edin­ homes for Jewish old people. The Duke of has always been a great friend to us and ren­ burgh University who holds several Glasgow, Edinburgh was guest of honour at the dinner, dered us his assistance on many occasions. Edinburgh and London degrees and distinc­ arranged by organisations which included the Among the other new life peers is Mr. Emanuel tions. Professor Goldberg has been to Israel Jewish Welfare Board and the Home for Aged ahinwell who became the first Jewish Labour twice, once on a lecture trip and, in 1966, as Jews, Wandsworth. M.P. when he entered Parliament in 1922. visiting professor at the Tel Hashomer Hospi­ The Duke advocated courses to prepare tal, Tel Aviv. people for old age. He congratulated the BIRTHDAY HONOURS Jewish Welfare Board for its past and present STREET NAMED AFTER JEWISH HERO achievements, and hoped that they would take Mr. Paul E. Shields, Managing Director of the time to think about the needs of the old Uick & Goldschmidt Ltd., was made an O.B.E. A street in a new estate of Moreton-in-Marsh in the wider community. In that event he was tor services to Export. Mr. Shields is a Board (Gloucestershire) will be named for Harry sure that they would have the sympathy and member of the AJR. We extend our sincerest Errington, a Jewish holder of the George generous support of the Jewish community in congratulations to him. Among the new C.B.E.s Cross. Mr. Errington had won the award for this country. g m. Hans P. Juda, O.B.E., for services to Art. outstanding valour as a member of the Auxi­ ne has been a member of the AJR for many liary Fire Service during the blitz of 1941. He Golders Green Aged Home years. Three members of the Amadeus String is a former chairman of the West Central Old yuartet, Mr. Sigmund Nissel, Mr. Peter Schidlof Boys Club.—(J.T.A.) Sunridge Court, a new residential home in ^Doth former refugees) and Mr. Martin Lovatt Golders Green for retired Jewish people, was oecame O.B.E.s; the leader of the Quartet, Mr. YVONNE MITCHELL'S FIFTH NOVEL opened by Sir Louis Gluckstein. Sir Louis, the J^orbert Brainin, also a former refugee, was patron of the home, said he felt sure Sunridge already made an O.B.E. several years ago. The distinguished actress and writer, Court, which is a private non-profit-making Yvonne Mitchell, visited London for the pub­ project, described as an " hotel" rather than lication by Anthony Blond of her fifth novel, a home, would become the pattern for many NEW MIDDLE EAST GROUP " Martha on Sunday ". Miss Mitchell is eager future projects. to extend her scope as a director, and recently n«I^^ weekly charge for a single bedroom is .Progressives for Peace in the Middle East directed a " One Pair of Eyes " programme on £27, but applicants may be subsidised if they ^yo), has been established in Great Britain, primary schools in France, where she now cannot afford the full cost. The chairman of with branches in London, Manchester, and lives. The successful play, " The Same Sky ", the Sunridge Housing Association, Mr. Philip universities as well. The group consists of about intermarriage, was written by Miss Levy, has stated that people who haven't a Jewish peace workers. Socialists and Com­ penny and are the right type would be taken. munists, Zionists and non-Zionists, and intends Mitchell, who is anxious to work in Israel on an historical programme. The home accommodates 29 residents, and has 10 Work within the British Socialist and Peace a long waiting list. movement and support Leftists in the Middle LITERARY AWARD ^ast aiming at self-determination for all Sheffield Flatlets People. The Betty Miller literary award, made by The organisation is critical of Israel's atti­ the Union of Jewish Women, has been won by Carmel Court, the Sheffield community's tude on annexation but supports her right of Mrs. Miriam Kochan for her book, "Life in first flatlets for the elderly, has been opened. self-determination. It considers the Six-Day Russia under Catherine the Great". Mrs. Mr. Bernard Miller, chairman of the local war as one of national defence and claims that Kochan is the granddaughter of the late Rabbi Jewish Housing Association, reviewed the peace between Israel and the Arabs can be Dr. Adolph Biichler, a former principal of history of the origin of the flatlets at a acnieved only by mutual recognition of the Jews' College. luncheon to celebrate the occasion. national and legitimate rights of all concerned. CIVIC OFFICE B.O.D. on Race Relations iNTERDENOaONA'nONAL SERVICE Dr. E. Brauer (Spennymoor, Co., Durham) Addressing members of the Association of FOR PEACE was elected chairman of the Spennymoor Jewish Social Workers at the West London Urban District Council, of which he has been Synagogue premises Sir Samuel Fisher, a vice- The British Council of Churches held an an Independent member for 18 years. Dr. president of the Board of Deputies, said that jnierdenominational service of intercession for Brauer, who prior to his immigration to this the Jewish community strongly believes recent ,5>ne peace and peoples of the Middle East" at country lived in Breslau, is a member of the immigrants should be made to feel at home gt- Paul's. Representatives of the Anglican, AJR. in Britain, and must be made to feel part of fioman Catholic, and Jewish faiths were pre­ the " wider community ". He pointed out that sent as were the Free Churches, Method&ts, the Jewish community was, for the first time baptists, Presbyterians and the Eastem in its history, involving itself in the affairs of vnurches. Present also were many Moslem other groups. leaders in this country. The board's race relations working party's report and recommendations. " Improving Race PELTOURS Relations — a Jewish Contribution ", has been ^^rr OF AMERICAN SOCIAL WORKERS requested by many Christian organisations and WORLD-WIDE SERVICE from abroad. pander the auspices of the Council of Jewish 'eoerations and Welfare Funds, of New York, FOR Meeting of Camp Survivors ^erican-Jewish social and welfare workers ^*Ja a visit to London to exchange ideas, as In 1945, 732 Jewish children were brought sent o ^ *°^'" °^ Europe. The council repre- BUSINESS to this country from the death camps of Nazi «nT5 800 communities in America and Canada. Europe, through the initiative of the Central Stat j^ press conference before they left, they AND British Fund. They came to Britain broken, jr"fu that Anglo-Jewry was far more advanced motherless and fatherless. The CBF gave them ^ many fields of social welfare than the Ameri- the opportunity to train as engineers and in M,-1J Canadians. They thought that work architects, rabbis and doctors. VPITT ^^''^ *° particular in Anglo-Jewry was HOLIDAY They met again at the Caf6 Royal, in Lon­ a^^ .progressive, and that the community was don, to celebrate the 25th anniversary of tiieir ti&s^ t ahead in providing housing and ameni- liberation, coming from all over the world, lar K '^ people. Many problems were simi- TRAVEL now successful businessmen, rabbis, well- wne v?^ the drug problem among Jewish youth PERSONAL ATTENTION known professional men. The gathering was "'as bigger in America. made possible by the '45 Aid Society which EXPERT ADVICE the members formed some years ago to keep COURTESY AND EFFICIENCY them in toufh and to do philanth'-ooio work. YOUNG COMMUNITY LEADER At the meeting it was also announced that the society was presenting further equipment to eli^t ^^ ^^^ °^ 2^' ^^^^i Shilling has been PELTOURS LTD. Israeli institutions and hospitals. A cheque of of tvf o ™ember of the board of management £732 — the number of youngsters who had not John's Wood Synagogue. He does 72 WIGMORE STREET, arrived from the death camps — was handed one'f.fu T^^' ^* ^^^ ^S^' °°^ should not commit LONDON, WIH ODD over to Mr. Oscar Joseph, their president and hi<; 1 service to the community, and views also chairman of the C^F. fath« Section as a breakthrough for youth. His brii^/' Mr. Ronald Shilling, is also on the 01-935 5500 With acknowledgements to the news differ" ^avid states that their views often service of the Jewish Chronicle Page 4 AJR INFORMATION July, 1970 NEWS FROM ABROAD JEWRY IN THE EAST CANDIDATES FOR SUPREME SOVIET UNITED STATES SOUTH AFRICA Several Soviet Jews were nominated as can­ Protest and Counter-Protest " No Policy " for Jewish Board didates for the Supreme Soviet of the U.S.S.R. Members of the Radical Jewish Union at Mr. Binyamin Dimshyts, the Deputy Premier, Columbia University began shouting at a Opening the 26th national congress of the has been nominated as a candidate for Kha­ Friday evening service at the Temple South African Jewish Board of Deputies the barovsk in the Soviet Far East, of which Biro­ Emanu-El, when Rabbi A. Bruce Goldman, chairman, Mr. Maurice Porter, put the Board's bidjan, the " Jewish Autonomous Region ", is their adviser, and another member of his views on race. South African Jewry, with its a part. Mr. Vladimir Izraelevich Feller, the group, were arrested after attempting to reach various trends of political thought, cannot col­ chairman of the Waldheim collective farm in the pulpit to address the worshippers. About lectively proclaim a specific viewpoint on a Birobidjan, is also a Jewish candidate. He was 20 members of the Jewish Defence League solution for the country's race problems, he awarded all three classes of the Order of (the self-appointed custodians of Jewish pro­ said. The Board, " after many heart-searching Valour during the Second World War and has perty), hearing that the radical youth would debates" had formulated a plea to " every also been made a member of the USSR election demonstrate, held a counter-demonstration. Jewish citizen to make his individual contribu­ commission. Mr. (Jeorgi Aleksandrovich Berdi­ The Black Muslims also held a demonstration, tion in accordance with the teaching and pre­ chevsky, the manager of a factory near Rostov- saying they were protesting against the way cepts of Judaism. . . ." But this could not be on-Don, is another candidate for membership both Jewish groups were " down on everyone considered the last word on the subject and of the Supreme Soviet. . . . who isn't Jewish". The demonstrators they were compelled to continue giving The only Jewish member of the Supreme were joined by members of other radical thought to this most baffling of problems, Soviet of the Ukrainian Republic, Mr. Ilya Jewish groups, all strongly pro-Israel but against the background of critical opin­ Yegudin, has been appointed to the U.S.S.R. equally strongly " anti-establishment." ion abroad and in the face of continuing chal­ election commission. He is the chairman of a lenges at home. Mr. Porter thanked the South collective farm in the Crimea and is also a Jewish Kent Victims African Government for its helpful attitude member of the Soviet of collective farmers, the over the transmis^jion to Israel of funds raised supreme body of all collective farm matters in Some 5,000 university students from the for emergency campaigns, and said that the the Soviet Union. New York area crowded the city during the community looked forward to the establish­ funeral in New York of Jeffrey Glenn Miller, ment of full reciprocal diplomatic relations one of the four young people killed by between South Africa and Israel. "ANTISEMITISM AND ZIONISM" National Guardsmen during the demonstration on the campus of Kent State University in Rabbi's Plea A two-part article, " Antisemitism and Ohio, when students protested at America's Zionism ", by F. J. Kolar, appeared recently in entry into Cambodia. The other victims were The Chieif Rabbi of the South African the Czechoslovak party newspaper, Rude Pravo. Sandra Lee Scheuer of Youngstein, Ohio and Federation of Synagogues, Rabbi Bemard M. Kolar's main argument is that antisemitic poli­ Allison Krause, of Pittsburgh, both also Casper, together with the Anglican Bishop of cies promoted by the Czechoslovak Communist Jewish, and William K. Schroeder, of Lorain, Johannesburg, spoke at a meeting convened by Party in the 1950s led to the emergence of Ohio. Kent University has about 750 Jews the Witwatersrand Council of Churches in pro­ Jewish nationalism and Zionism in Czechoslo­ among its 15,0()0 students. test against the detention without trial for vakia, which in turn influenced developments more than a year of 22 Africans. in the Dubcek era. Jewish leaders and organisations quickly Rabbi Casper wamed of the dangers to free­ His purpose in writing the articles is, appar­ reacted to the killings on the campus, con­ dom where people could be put away silently ently, to refute the rumours about antisemi­ demning the escalation of the war in South- for prolonged periods, perhaps indefinitely, tism in Communist countries disseminated by East Asia, The Jewish Peace Fellowship sent without any judicial process, or sometimes " Zionist and imperialist propaganda". His telegrams to President Nixon, the Secretary of even in flagrant defiance of the process of law. articles are in line with other contributions to State and Senators and Congressmen, urging To keep silent in such a situation would mean the Czech press, stressing that Jewish intellec­ them to prohibit the use of lethal weapons in to share in the responsibility for it, he stated. tuals were prominent among the supporters of handling demonstrations. Together with other Dubcek's drive for reforms. Jewish organisations the Jewish Peace Fellow­ ship participated in the mass anti-war rally in SYDNEY INTER-FAITH SERVICE Washington. CRITICISED AGNON IN RUSSIAN Communist Line Rabbi 0. Abramson of Sydney strongly criti­ According to the Warsaw Yiddish weekly, cised an inter-faith service held at Temple Folks-Sztyme, " From Enemy to Friend", a The Communist Party of the U.S. has Emanuel (Liberal) during the royal visit and story by the late Shmuel Yosef Agnon, the addressed a warning, mainly to Jewish publi­ the Captain Cook bicentenary celebrations. Israeli Nobel Prize Winner, appears m a book cations of the Left stating that "looseness Such services, he said in a statement, were a called "Tales of the East" published in the with regard to following party policy can no painful violation not only of Jewish law but Soviet Union, together with stories from Egypt longer be permitted". Under the heading also of everything Jews have held sacred. By and other Arab countries. " C.P. Warns of U.S.-Israel Peril" in the Com­ removing the religious differences between This is the first time since the Six-Day War munist newspaper, Daily World, the central Judaism and Chistianity together with its other that a translation from the Hebrew has been committee repeated generally the Soviet-Arab efforts at mutilating Judaism, Liberal Judaism reprinted in the Soviet Union. position, declaring that it was in America, in Sydney was paving the way in dangerous with the largest Jewish community in the fashion towards complete assimilation. It was world and at the heart of world capitalism, a measure of self-preservation to fortify the VILNA JEWS WANT TO EMIGRATE that the primary battle must be fought. distinctive identity of Jews in belief and prac­ An open letter has been addressed to the "Jewish Communists in particular are called tice at a time of danger, not to remove the Secretary-General of the United Nations and on to lead the fight against the policy of mak­ protective barriers. to the Israeli Premier by seven Jewish men ing Israel a tool of imperialism, against the and women from Vilna, the capital of the aggressive actions of Israel's rulers." VA-nCAN AND THE NAZIS Soviet Republic of Lithuania, who seek aid to Franz Stangl, the former SS captain who was emigrate to Israel. The letter was smuggled out ARGENTINIAN BOMB ATTACK commandant of Treblinka concentration camp, of Lithuania and delivered to the Chief Rabbi is on trial in Duesseldorf charged with having of Denmark, Rabbi Bent Melchior. In the recent bombing of the Jewish com­ killed, together with other persons, at least The seven signatories say they have made munal centre in La Plata near Buenos Aires, 40,000 human beings at Treblinka from about repeated requests to the authorities to be many buildings in the same block were also the end of August, 1942, until the beginning of allowed to emigrate to Israel, but their re­ damaged in one of the worst antisemitic August, 1943. At his trial the accused stated quests have been refused without explanation. attacks reported in Argentine during the past that an Austrian bishop at the Vatican had The letter appeals to U Thant and Mrs. Meir decade. Some 2,000 of the town's Jewish citi­ helped him to flee to Damascus after the war, to use their prestige to help the signatories " to zens met in the centre's damaged premises to by assisting him to obtain a Red Cross pass­ live in our own land ". voice their protest. It was pointed out that the port. attack marked "the beginning of a hard Stangl did not identify the bishop, but Ger­ struggle against antisemitic fascism, whether man sources in the Vatican said they knew COUNCIL CONTRIBUTES TO from Right or Left, including Arab terror im­ the Austrian bishop, who died several years RUMANIAN FLOOD RELIEF ported into Argentina, with the object of bring­ ago. He had acted m a personal capacity and ing the Middle East War to South America". received no ofBcial help, declared Vatican Rabbi Dr. Moses Rosen, the Rumanian Chief sources. A German prelate who was in Rome Rabbi, has stated that " a few hundred " Jews CUBAN JEWRY at the end of the Second World War and who lost their homes in the recent Rumanian floods. The Jewish community of Havana marked is still working in the Vatican administration, The American Joint Distribution Committee, the anniversary of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising has stated that " it is quite possible some Nazis the Claims Conference, the Central British by ceremonies at the Jewish cemetery. The slipped through with the unknowing help of Fund and the B'nai B'rith gave considerable participants included some veteran members the Vatican. It was a time of great confusion." monetary assistance for relief. of the Jewish branch of the Communist Party. It is believed that some of the information The British section of the " Council of Jews They also attended the two communal sedarim on which Rolf Hochhuth based "The Repre­ from Germany " also sent a substantial amount held at the Havana community house, in which sentative " had been supplied to Hochhuth by to the Federation of Rumanian Jewish Commu­ about 200 Jews took part. the Austrian bishop shortly before he died. nities. AJR INFORMATION July, 1970 Page 5 Beate ScherkSulsbach WALTER HASENCLEVER (1890-194^) ^^^ Acquaintances Milestones: The 70th birthdays have been Zur 30. Wiederkehr des Todestages celebrated of: Helene Weigel, Brecht's widow and the original " Mother Courage ", in East Am 21. Juni 1940 starb Walter Hasenclever, verzerrtes Bild seiner Freunde vorspiegelten, er Beleidigungen spuerte, die nicht bestanden, Berlin where she runs the Berliner Ensemble ; der Dramatiker, Autor von Komoedien, Poesie Dinah Nelken, authoress of the best-seller und Prosa, im Hospital des franzoesischen und er missverstanden wurde, weil er miss- verstand. " Ich an Dich ", who survived the war in Yugo­ Lagers Les Milles bei Aix-en-Provence den slavia and whose books are now published in Freitod durch Veronal. Wie oft in der Wir hatten bei jenem Wiedersehen in East Berlin; and Wolfgang Heinz, who was a Blrinnerung schien er mir den immer lauern- London viel von Sigmund Freud gesprochen. member of Jessner's ensemble before 1933. He den Schatten des Todestriebes mit sich zu Hasenclever wuenschte sehr, ihn kennen- lived in Zurich as a refugee and was until last schleifen. Ob wohl jene Mitgefangenen und zulernen und erzaehlte mir einige Tage spaeter von seinem Besuch bei Freud. Er wusste year director of the Deutsche Theater in East der letzte Freund im Lager ahnen konnten, Berlin. dass Walter Hasenclever, der Verzweifelte, nicht, dass es Freud war, der im Lichte seiner der neben ihnen eingeschlafen war, ein grosser Wissenschaft zum ersten Mal das Bild des Germany: Kurt Meisel, Theo Lingen's son- Mensch gewesen ist, den Genie, Phantasie und Menschen von seinem Typus am schaerfsten in-law, has been appointed director of Humor, Liebenswuerdigkeit und ein hinreis- auf die Leinwand der Erkenntnis projiziert Munich's theatres.—P. Walter Jacob, who re­ sendes Temperament zu einer faszinierenden hatte. In einer von Freuds frueheren Schriften, turned from Argentina after the war, is direct­ Persoenlichkeit gemacht hatten? in der er sich auf die Zola-Biographie des ing "My Fair Lady" in Dortmund.—Gisela franzoesischen Psychologen und Autors E. May will appear in " Hello Dolly " in East Ber­ Sein Zauber war mit dem des Lebens Toulouse beruft, heisst es im Auszug: lin.—Erich Fried, of London, has adapted gebrochen. Fuer einen so flammenden Idea- Hauptmann's " Florian Geyer " for production listen, einen so besessenen Foerderer alles " Dabei ist der Zwangsneurotiker lu-spruenglich immer ein sehr energisch in Duesseldorf.—Fritz von Unmh who has Gerechten bedeutete der Stacheldraht den lived in Diez an der Lahn since 1962, cele­ Untergang eines Glaubens. Das Ende seines angelegter Charakter, oft von ausserordent- licnem Eigensinn, in der Regel ueber das brated his 85th birthday with an exhibition Weges. Die einzige und letzte aller Wirklich- of his paintings in Frankfurt.—Elisabeth keiten. Die Unentrinnbarkeit. durchschnittliche Mass intellektuell, begabt. Er hat es meist zu einer erfreulichen Hoehe Bergner's production of Carriere's " Ich suche Es war im Sommer 1938 in London, dass der ethischen Entwicklung gebracht, zeigt Monsieuer Ferrand ", has also been shown in Hasenclever und ich uns das letzte Mal sich uebergewissenhaft, mehr als gewoehn­ Hamburg. — Rolf Hochhuth's new play, sprachen. Er war aus Italien gekommen und lich korrekt. . . . Fuer gewoehnlich erfahren " Guerillas ", directed by P. Palitzsch in Stutt­ erzaehlte von dem schoenen Haus, das er dort wir ja, dank ihrer eigenen Diskretion und gart and by H. Schalla in Bochum, received besass, von der kleinen Landwirtschaft, die der Verlogenheit ihrer Biographen von a very controversial reception. er betrieben, dem eigenen Wein, den er unseren vorbildlichen grossen Maennern gezogen und auch von allem, was er durch­ wenig Intimes, aber es kommt doch vor, dass VS.A.: In Hollywood Francis Lederer, who gemacht hatte, als Italien der Achse beitrat einer ein Wahrheitsfanatiker ist wie Emile once appeared with Elisabeth Bergner in und er an Deutschland ausgeliefert werden Zola, und dann hoeren wir von ihm, an wie " Romeo and Juliet", has opened an art gal­ sollte. Er sprach von der Freundin, die sich viel sonderbaren Zwangsgewohnheiten er lery for gifted young painters.—Herbert Berg­ fuer ihn bei den englischen Behoerden ein­ sein Leben ueber gelitten hat." hoff, Max Reinhardt's last Mortimer in " Maria gesetzt hatte und so in letzter Stunde seine Auf der Drehbuehne des Weltgeschehens Stuart ", staged " Kaspar " by the new German Rettung nach England ermoeglichte. Er pries sah die Menschheit Emile Zola den Sieg fuer playwright Peter Handke, in his New York England mit tiefer Dankbarkeit. Nach Amerika eine gerechte Sache erkaempfen. In einem studio.—Ernst Matray successfully staged trieb es ihn nicht zurueck. Er ging ans Fenster anderen Buehnenwinkel spielt die Szene im " West Side Story " at the Graham Theatre in und wies auf die bluehenden Gaerten hinter Jahre des Hitler-Heils 1940—doch auf dem Los Angeles. dem Haus. " Dies ist Europa," rief er aus, gleichen Boden, der einstmals Zolas Frank­ reich war, faellt ein anderer Fanatiker dem Obituary: Seventy-eight-year-old Dr. Nicho­ " ich kann nur in Europa leben, und ich werde Zusammenbruch seines Ethos zum Opfer. las Kaufmann of " Wege zu Kraft und Schoen­ uach Paris gehen." heit " fame, has died in Montagnola.—Rudolf Ich wamte ihn vor Frankreich, ich bat, ich Koelling, choreographer of Berlin's opera oeschwor ihn, hierzubleiben. Alas, die Wunsch- ballet, died in Muenster at the age of 66.—The Vision seines ihm so vertrauten, geliebten death occurred in Baldock, England, at the Paris war staerker als meine Ahnung. Er HOUSE OF HALLGARTEN age of 88 of Justin Steinfeld, who had been ^g! Er ging in eine Welt, in der sich connected with the theatre in Hamburg and Menschen als Freundschaftsgeschenk Gift in later edited a periodical in Prague. uie Hand drueckten, um einander vor der Careers: The London " Times " headlined Folter zu bewahren. Specialist Shippers the story " The Rise of Maschler ". It tells of Doch Hasenclever hatte sich schon laengst the career of Tom Maschler, son of Erich J'^it Veronal gesichert. Es kam die Zeit der Kaestner's agent and publisher who started as letzten Dinge. Glueckliche Wochen in Cagnes- a " tea boy" with Andre Deutsch, became sur-Mer; die eiseme Umklammerung. Der Fine Wines Unique Liqueurs editor of MacGibbon and Kee, and made a Stacheldraht. Und—Veronal, das gnaden- name for himself with " Declaration ", a col­ reiche. lection of essays by John Osborne, Kenneth // you enjoy wines Tynan and Lindsay Anderson. He moved to Wir hatten oft die merkwuerdige Paralleli- Penguin and two years later to Jonathan Cape, jaet im Ablauf unserer Lebensereignisse write for our latest free list where he discovered such best-sellers as ^bachtet, und wenn auch das Holloway "Catch 22" and "The Naked Ape". After Prison, in dem ich mich in jenen strahlenden which is full of fascinating twelve years with that company he became its Junitagen 1940 befand, ein Paradies gewesen chairman; his successor as managing director 1st im Vergleich zu dem Camp bei Avignon, information, maps, vintage reports is G. C. Greene, a son of Sir Hugh Green.— so waren wir doch zur gleichen Stunde hinter Renee Goddard was born 44 years ago in Ber­ Gittem. lin, the daughter of the former Communist Ich habe Walter Hasenclever sehr gut and charts, descriptions, wines German M.P., Werner Scholem, who was gekannt, weil er in der Freundschaft den Stolz murdered by the Nazis. She came to England ''^cht kannte, der es den Kleineren verbietet, for laying down as a child, went to school in Kent and studied ^ich restlos zu decouvrieren. Von einem bacteriology in London. Later she changed to Wahren Drang zum Bekenntnis getrieben, acting, and we saw her at the Royal Court gestand er seine Aengste und Konflikte, seine Theatre in " Dreigroschenoper". With her ^eiden. Fuehlte er sich verstanden, so war first husband and father of her two children, ^'^ der nie versagende Freund, von grosser HOUSE OF HALLGARTEN she returned to Berlin for a short time. Now 'j'snerositaet der Seele, zwangshaft korrekt she has become head of the script department ^0 einem immer bereiten, froehlichen Impuls 1, Crutched Friars, London, E.C.3 of A.T.V., responsible for commercial tele­ ^ opfem; doch—wer ihn nur lachen hoerte, vision's drama and light entertainment. She ~°unte nicht ahnen, dass er kein gluecklicher is married to Stuart Hood. Wanderer war. Es kam vor, dass seine Ueber- Choose Hallgarten — Choose Fine Wines ^mpfindlichkeit und seine Nerven ihm ein PEM Page 6 AJR INFORMATION July, 1970

Eva G. Reichniann Margot Lipton AN ANNIVERSARY COMMEMORA'nON IN MOABIT DR. SELMA STERN-TAEUBLER 80 There was probably no other place in Europe where the 25th anniversary of Ger­ When in one of the unforgettable conversa­ To this rare combination of emotional in­ many's defeat was commemorated by a scene tions with our unforgettable Rabbi Dr. Leo volvement and scientific accuracy Selma as ghastly as the following one: On May 8, Baeck, I asked him how he would explain the Taeubler adds another no less remarkable 1970, there were sitting next to each other. Otto obvious difference in the inteUectual climate synthesis. She is as capable of conceiving of Bovensiepen and Kurt Ventner, the former between German and British Jewry, his reply the great outlines of historical development as head of the Berlin Gestapoleitstelle and his was : " The difference is that we lived for one of the smallest details. Her wider perspec­ deputy ; the first chairman of the Berlin post­ thousand years in Germany." He seemed little tives are never promulgated unless solidly war Jewish community. Dr. Hans Erich Fabian inclined to heed my objection that living on founded on facts, painstakingly collected from (now New York) ; the Berlin journalist Berndt German soil had most of the time not meant every available documentary material. If, to Krauthoff; and the former deputy chief living within the German nation, but rather continue in the same vein, we further juxta­ prosecutor at the Niimberg trials. Dr. Robert living as a separate Jewish minority in the pose Selma Taeubler's great personal charm Kempner. They certainly had not met to German land. Jewish historiography, on the with her profound erudition, her winning attend a ceremony of commemoration—but all other hand, could hardly be expected to put simplicity with the magnitude of her attain­ the same their thoughts will probably have this problem-laden existence into proper per­ ments, her lovable humility with her natural centred around the event which took place spective as long as it emanated from—at the authority, her all-pervading humanity with her exactly 25 years ago. best of times—an underprivileged and not devotion to her individual friends—we may seldom a persecuted community. The state of ultimately arrive at a semblance of her pic­ The venue was Court Room No. 700 of the being discriminated against is conducive to ture : many-sided and sincere, distinguished Criminal Court in Berlin-Moabit, where the apologetics. He who writes about events taking and close to our hearts. accessories in the destraction of 35,000 Berlin place under its pressure will tend to describe Jews during the years 1941 to 1945 were on them with a view to serving the attainment of Habent su^ fata libelli—hdbent sua fata trial. It was a small gathering—the public rights still withheld by legislation or adminis­ homines: Mrs. Stern-Taeubler's life has been gallery was almost empty. tration. In this sense the works of Jewish his­ an example of both sentences. How the last The first witness from abroad, Dr Fabian, tory in Germany were more often than not copies of her opus magnum "The Prussian reported concisely and vividly, how in 1942 tinged to comply with the maxims of the State and the Jews" were saved by an un­ most Berlin Jews trembled at the thought of environment. They were good, useful, indis­ known woman from being destroyed by the their pending transports to the East, know­ pensable indeed, but not entirely reliable Nazis, how she carried out the will of her late ing, or at least sensing, what kind of an end according to the strictest scholarly standards. husband to finish and prepare it for publica­ was in store for them—an end which many tion, migrating between Berlin, Cincinnati and were already to endure in the unheated goods While Dr. Selma Stern-Taeubler was not the Basle, has become common knowledge among wagons. Dr. Kempner, representing the rela­ first to break out from this apologetic bond­ her friends. Although this unique study is tives of more than 40 victims, asked Dr. age—she had after all great teachers, one of only part of her oeuvre, which includes Fabian : " Did it not happen 25 years ago to the best of whom was to become her husband— among others such weighty works as her the day that you were liberated in Theresien­ she was certainly one of the most prominent " Josel von Rosheim ", her " Court Jew ", her stadt ? " Dr. Fabian : " Yes, that is correct." pioneers of a new totally objective approach. historical novel "The Spirit Retumeth", not to After this there was silence in the room. The This was the more remarkable since Selma mention her contributions to symposia and two indicted former high Gestapo officials Taeubler is the almost exact opposite of a non­ journals, it is no doubt her crowning achieve­ looked embarrassed. Perhaps they just remem­ partisan as far as Judaism and Jewishness are ment. While we are preparing to celebrate, on bered how, 25 years ago, they provided them­ concemed. Rather might it be said that she is July 24, her 80th birthday, she is preparing selves with false papers, thus managing to as passionate a Jewess as ever appeared in the the final two volumes of it for publication. A evade arrest for a number of years. Today they field of academic research, unfailingly true to jubilee thus solemnised must indeed be a audaciously declare that it had been entirely her origin, her tradition, her upbringing. How­ proud and happy one. unknown to them that the 35,000 Jews whose ever, being passionate in her sense of Jewish deportations they organised were meant to belonging means in her a plus rather than a " What man understands he is able to with­ stand ", so Dr. Taeubler quotes the saying of suffer death by cremation, murder and starva­ minus in scholarly integrity. While it enables tion. her to see men and matters from within, to a wise man, a teacher of our people in the feel with them and to live with them, her Introduction of the new edition of the first However, a few minutes later they were to emotions do not bear on her intellectual per­ four volumes of her " Prussian State" (re­ experience a severe shock. A 70-year-old re­ ception and interpretation. To her we owe a published under the auspices of the Leo Baeck tired Criminal Secretary, who had worked in treasure of entirely truthful accounts—as far Institute by J. C. B. Mohr, Tuebingen, 1962). the personnel department of the Gestapo as historic truth can at all reveal itself to the Her own books have undoubtedly contributed for several years, was obviously better in­ searching mind—of some of the fateful ups to both our understanding and withstanding formed about the " final solution" than his and downs of Jewish history in Germany, from the fate that befell German Jewry. Following superiors. A gas wagon driver on leave from the Middle Ages to the era of enlightenment. the guiding light of her husband, she showed the East had told him of the mass murders of No white-washing or black-painting here ad the encounter of Jews and Germans on Ger­ the Jews. This report, he stated, had not come usum Judaei. We leam about attractions and man soil in its grandeur and doom. "To experi­ as a surprise to him. He had frequently looked repulsions, greatness and inferiority, achieve­ ence such encounters " is another word she into the secret files at his office and had found ments and failures in the mutual relationship. quotes in the same Introduction, " to meet in them reports on the extermination of the Not even the fathomless abyss of tragedy with fate, to live through eventful history, Jews. which was eventually to overtake it all, is ever means to be fully exposed, and personally The second severe shock followed when Dr. allowed to affect the record. involved. ... An encounter thus experienced Kempner asked the witness : " How often did warrants the faith that he who is prepared to you browse through these secret files ? " The give himself to it will find himself". Secretary: " About once a week. ... I also Selma Stern-Taeubler has given herself to told my wife what I had read." Elka Couture it and found herself. In finding herself she In all probability the trial will not end this has helped us to find ourselves with her. She year. Of the total of 400 witnesses, so far 70 has shown those who became her disciples not have been heard, among them Herr Heinz only the way, but also the source of strength Galinski, chairman of the Berlin Jewish com­ E. HORNIK LTD. to recognise with her the " genius of the Jew­ munity, who has survived Auschwitz, as well ish people, always renewing itself in times of as the former Berlin Senatsrat, Dr. Curt Rad­ Elsely House trouble and danger, always then becoming lauer and the Berlin Stadtateste Siegmund acutely aware of its origin and mission". Weltlinger. (Ibid.) 24/30 Gt. Titchfield Street BECHSTEIN STEINWAY BLUTHNER Our feelings on her SOth birthday are Finest selection reconditioned PIANOS. London, W.l abounding in gratitude and reverence. We Always interested in purchasing wish Selma Stern-Taeubler many more years well-preserved instruments. of serene awareness of the respect and affec­ JAQUES SAMUEL PIANOS LTD. Telephone: 01-580 3448/9/0 tion with which her personality and work are 2 Park West Place, Marble Arch, W.2 being regarded by her many admirers within the erstwhile German-Jewish community. Tel.: 723 8818/9 AJR INFORMATION July, 1970 Page 7 Norman Bentufich THE ISRAELI SCENE TRADE FAIR A GERMAN CHRISTIAN BROTHERHOOD The largest Tel Aviv international Fair has been held, undeterred by the current political, military and economic situation. Nearly 700 IN ISRAEL firms participated, with 25 national pavilions and numerous pavilions devoted to particular The village of Zichron Jacob, named after and most of them were deported to Australia. industries and branches of the economy. Thirty the father of Baron Edmond de Rothschild, The Temple sect came to an end in Palestine. countries were represented ; Britain had the the sire of Jewish settlement on the soil of Their successors are at present much less largest display and Australia, Cyprus, Japan, Uruguay and Thailand participated for the the Holy Land, since its foundation has always enterprising, and their work is limited to culti­ first time. Israel was represented by more than had an attraction for religious groups and vating their plots of land and showing the 500 manufacturers. individuals. One of the founding fathers of country to their members who come from The fair will in future be held annually the " Colony" was an English mystic and Germany for a sojourn of weeks or months. instead of every two years, with one year romantic, Laurence Oliphant, who, having the They do not engage in social work for the devoted to technology and the second year to sense of a mission to help to bring back the Jewish and Arab inhabitants, and they spend consumer goods. This year the fair was at­ Jews to their ancient home, led a group from hours in prayer. Their only books are the tended by trade delegations from France and Rumania to what was then a small Arab vil­ Bible and the Hymnal. They have no pastor in Germany and individual industrialists from lage, Zammarin, on the lower of the Carmel Israel, but in Germany a former priest is a Latin America, Cyprus, Turkey, Iran and the Far East. range 90 years ago. He started them on the kind of spiritual teacher. They have, too, no Miss Jennie Lee, Britain's Minister for the Cultivation of vineyards, and that has re­ church, and they are not organised as a com­ Arts, was unable to attend the Fair because mained the major activity. He lived in a munity, but are just a God-fearing group. of the General Election. Mr. Victor Feather, village nearby and with him there, as his They keep as the day of rest the Saturday the general secretary of the Trades Union Con­ private secretary, was the Jewish poet, Imber, Sabbath, and they have special regard for gress, represented Britain at " British Day ". who was to become famous as the author of Pentecost like the Seventh Day Adventists. Mr. Richard Marsh, a former Transport Minis­ Hatikva, to be the national anthem of the Opinion in the village is divided about the ter, visited the British pavilion at the fair. Zionists and of Israel. For Edmond de Roth­ settlement. Some believe that they bring schild Zichron was the favourite of the many healthy development as well as religious TOURISM villages he founded, or rescued from impen- faith, and will be a benefit to Zichron, Despite terrorist attacks and threats, the fling ruin ; and in his Will he expressed the whose inhabitants are less idealist. Others number of tourists visiting Israel this year wish that his body should be brought to be urge that they should not be encouraged to has increased. For the first four months the buried in the " heart of the hill". There a extend their holdings, and that the Israeli figure was 8.2 per cent higher than in the Jewish architect fashioned a Mausoleum, and land-owning inhabitants should be restrained corresponding period last year and there was planted a park and flower garden, a thing by public opinion from selling their land to an increase of 20 per cent in the first two of beauty which is a joy for ever. the Christian sect. The fact that they do not weeks of May this year. Mr. Moshe Kol, the interfere with the older Jewish population, Minister of Tourism, announcing this in the Zichron Jacob was, too, the birth-place of Knesset, said that the rise in tourism was and do not conduct any kind of mission makes " remarkable" in view of the "adverse re­ Aaron Aaronson the eminent botany scientist, their presence less controversial. They believe ports " on the events in the region appearing who was also a founder of the Jewish self- in the healing quality of the land. The Israel in the world press. defence movement. During the last seven Government, which has most friendly relations years Zichron has become the centre of a with the Government of the Federal German ASSISTANCE FOR ARAB REFUGEES German-Christian evangelical movement which Republic, is unlikely to interfere. Israel's came from Swabia in Southern Germany. They national economy and her chances of admis­ The Israeli Cabinet has approved the estab­ have an article of faith that it is good to live sion as an associate into the charmed circle of lishment of a trusteeship fund to assist the or sojourn for a time in the Holy Land. the Common Market call for friendship with economic rehabilitation of Palestine Arab Starting with a big house in the village— refugees now living in the West Bank and Germany. Gaza Strip. It is to be used to provide the whose population is divided between those financial basis for a plan submitted to the who welcome them and those who stoutly Cabinet by Mr Shimon Peres, the Minister protest—bit by bit they have acquired land responsible for the occupied areas. and houses from their Jewish owners and It is thought that the plan will provide more have employed the Israeli contracting agency, jobs in the area, and so offer the possibility Soleh Boneh, to build dormitories for some of absorbing the refugees into normal pro­ hundreds of young men and women. In the ductive life. The provision of funds to set up Past two years they have bought more land With the Compliments of workshops and factories and to pay for voca­ and more small houses which will be adapted tional training, health, education, housing, etc., would have to be financed by donations to the same end. Some of them are skilled from abroad. farmers, and they cultivate the plots of land as market gardens which are kept in perfect RECOGNI-nON OF PROSELYTES DENIED order, according to the best German tradition. They have also acquired orange groves in a DICK & GOLDSCHMIDT Progressive Rabbis Protest Bear " Colony ", Pardes Hanna, and at Shavei The Council of Progressive Rabbis, at a ^on, north of Acre near the Israel-Lebanon LTD specially convened press conference in Tel frontier. Aviv, protested at the announced intention of the Israeli Government to deny recognition as It is notable that over a hundred years ago, Jews to proselytes converted by Liberal rabbis another group of German-Christian Evangel- in Israel. They stated that the discrimination ^ts came from the same Swabian region to between a conversion by a Liberal rabbi in the diaspora and one by a Liberal rabbi in Palestine, then the neglected province of Israel had neither a logical nor a halachic Turkey, and planted settlement suburbs in the basis. It meant that a conversion by a Liberal chief towns, Jemsalem, Jaffa and Haifa, and rabbi living in the diaspora would be kosher, a few villages of small-holders which were a but would not apply as soon as the rabbi in ?^odel, Sarona, named after the Plain of question settled in Israel. ^haron, and Wilhelma, named after the i^iser, and a new Bethlehem near Nazareth, GERMANS DONATE SCULPTURE ^ey called themselves the Templars, and The Deutsche Edelstahlwerke (Krefeld) Jhey came to the Land in order to live a more donated a sculpture which will be placed in Christian life than was possible in their the precincts of " Yad Vashem ". It is designed ^tive country. They were the best farmers, by Professor Herbert KUhn and named " Tree craftsmen, and merchants, and they were de- of suffering". The inscription, affixed at the ^ut Christians. But after the visit of Kaiser London, W.l root of the tree, quotes the last words of the Wilhelm n to Palestine in 1898, they tended Kaddish prayer: "May He grant Peace to us JO become German patriots. In World War I and all Israel". The work was carrird out by apprentices of Deutsche Edelstahlwerke ^ey were fully involved in the German-Tur­ and will be transported tn Israel by a German kish cause. In the second they were intemed. shipping firm free of charge. Page 8 AJR INFORMATION July, 1970 AN ENCYCLOPEDU OF THE JEWISH E. G. Lowenthal FRANKFURrS RABBIS RELIGION A Standard Work Re-edited Dr. Markus Horovitz, a great scholar and well This comprehensive and well-edited encyclo­ Przysucha and his friend and follower Mendel known for his contributions to the history of pedic work on the history and manifestations of Kotzk, the great hasidic non-conformist, or the Frankfurt Jews, was the Orthodox rabbi of Jewish religion* has come rather belatedly for that matter their colleague Yitzhak of of the Frankfurt Jewish Community (Haupt- to the notice of this reviewer. As its very title Vorki, all of the 19th century. While on the gemeinde) from 1878 until his demise in 1910. suggests the intention of the editors was not subject, I would like to make a correction Last year, on the occasion of the 125th anni­ to present us with the usual encyclopedia of in the article on Ger, the seat of the great versary of his birth, it was indicated that one some all-round, general knowledge, to em­ hasidic dynasty which still survives today in of his standard works on Frankfurt's Jewry, brace all facets of Jewish life. It has come Israel. The article in question refers to the the " Frankfurter Rabbinen ", would reappear to fill an existing gap and provide some pro­ interregnum after the death of its founder in the near future. This work had originally fessional guidance into various aspects of Isaac Meir Alter in 1866, and states that he been appended in instalments to the Annual historical Judaism, its traditions, religious was succeeded by his grandson Judah Aryeh Reports of the " Israelitische Religionsschule " dimensions and background. "This work aims, Leib, 1864-1948. The fact is that Judah Leib, for the years 1882 to 1885. as the editors state, to serve the interested lay­ the famous author of " Sefat Emeth ", died in Without alterations of the original text which, man with concise, accurate and non-technical 1905 and was succeeded by his son Abraham even after 90 years, still makes good reading, information on Jewish beliefs and practices, Mordechai Alter, who died in Jemsalem in the four parts have now been put together in doctrines and religious movements, names and 1948. one 500-page volume. With the assistance of the concepts that have played a role in Jewish It is also difficult to comprehend why, for municipal " Kommission zur Erforschung der religious history. instance, the name of Gershom Scholem, the Geschichte der Frankfurter Juden" set up in great authority on Jewish mysticism, has been 1961, and greatly aided by the head of the Wide Range of Subjects omitted, while whole articles are devoted to Frankfurt Municipal Archives, Dr. Dietrich personalities of perhaps minor importance. Andernacht, it has been printed in Israel In summarising the results of modem ("Ahva" Co-op. Press, Jerusalem), widely scholarship, the authors speak knowledgeably supplemented and annotated by the Frankfurt- on most of the subjects they deal with in this Yiddish Folk Lore bom Rabbi Dr. Josef Unna, of Kfar Haroeh. vast field of Jewish religious creativity In the comprehensive article on " Prayer This latter enterprise is chiefiy due to the throughout the centuries. They refer to the Book" (p. 307), mention should have been efforts made by the late Dr. Eugen Mayei historical development of religious phenomena made of the numerous prayer books in Yid­ (Jerusalem), the Executive Secretary of the inside Judaism, its dissemination of ideas and dish, the Sidurim and Mahzorim, be it in pre-1933 Frankfurt community, who through influences from the outside world, as well as manuscript or in print, which played an im­ out his life took a particular interest in all to philosophical thinking and literature, portant part in Jewish religious life of past research concerning Frankfurt Jewry's past. poetry and liturgy, ethics and mysticism, cus­ generations. The role of ethical books and Several members of the Horovitz family in­ toms and the Jewish way of life, thus provid­ treatises in Yiddish which concemed them­ cluding, as emphasised in the preface, the late ing a kind of a vade mecum for everyone selves with problems of daily conduct and A. (Abba) Horovitz (until his death in London interested in Judaism and its concepts. practical behaviour and which contained a in 1953 an active executive member of the There are, however, some arguable exclu­ large narrative element, should not have been AJR), also helped Dr. Unna collect the rele­ sions and omissions, even some inaccuracies overlooked either. "The article " Maaseh vant material needed for the new edition of in certain articles which could easily be cor­ Books " (p. 245) deals summarily with the sub­ the book. rected in any future edition. In leafing through ject as a " collection of folk-lore with an this valuable source of information, the re­ ethical content, first appearing in the 15th In its present form roughly two-thirds of viewer misses a number of cross-references to century", but the " Maaseh Book" as such, the book are devoted to the memory of 22 certain personalities and events, some names this vast treasure-house of Yiddish Aggadah, Frankfurt rabbis, commencing with R. Simon (perhaps deliberately) omitted which could be folk-tales and legends with the appended Hadarscha (13th century) and concluding with of additional use to the interested reader. moral at the end of the story, is not men­ R. Pinchas Horowitz who died in 1805. The Personalities such as the great medieval tioned. We do not know of any such Maaseh book describes their lives and personalities, mystics in Germany, Samuel he-Hasid and his Books which appeared in the 15th century. records their communal work and, more con­ son Judah he-Hasid, the authors of the famous The earliest and extant collections of Yiddish spicuously, interprets their learning and " Sepher Hasidim " (The Book of the Pious), narrative in manuscript date from the early scholarly writings. Almost equally important should have been treated in separate articles part of the 16th century. The first known is the fact that each of the 22 chapters carries (or at least with proper cross-references) as small popular collection of Yiddish folk-tales background information on occurrences and sufficient is known about their time, their life appeared in print in Venice in 1554, aspects relating to the internal set-up of the and work. It is perhaps strange to note that community. By far the longest chapter is that no mention was made of the famous family of To the article "Yiddish" (p. 409) one on Pinchas Horowitz, the last of the rabbis the Kalonymides who came from Lucca in would like to add, inter alia, that it is not described, who disagreed with Moses Mendels­ Italy and settled in Mayence around 982 play­ only the language of "many popular devo­ sohn because of the latter's translation of the ing an important role as teachers and mystics tional and edifying writings " but also of an Pentateuch into German (1783). It was not so in the life of the Ashkenazi communities. The important and widely popular secular litera­ much the translation as such, but Mendels­ father of Samuel he-Hasid was Kalonymos the ture which flourished as far back as the sohn's interpretation of certain Biblical pas­ Elder (" hazaken" as he was called in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, not to men­ sages which Horowitz objected to. As the rabbinic literature of that time). Also known tion the great creative period of our time. author states, however, Horowitz on the whole is another Kalonymide, MeshuUam ben Kalony­ And this brings me to a regrettable omission appreciated the philosopher's services to the mos, who composed liturgical poems later in the article on Elijah Bahur (Bocher, six­ Jews of Germany. introduced into the prayers of the Holy Days. teenth century), which mentions his transla­ tion of the Psalms from Hebrew into Yiddish, Apart from Unna's elaborate supplementa­ The reviewer would have also liked to see but fails to record his two outstanding epic tion of the text, the work carries a short bio­ a short article on such an interesting per­ creations, the " Bovo Bukh " and " Paris un graphy of Markus Horovitz, a brief survey of sonality as Nissim ben Yakov of Kairuan Viene", which made a considerable impact his writings and a chronological bibliography (North Africa), the author of the widely on the Old Yiddish literature and were very —being the work of Dr. Unna as well. The known book " Hibbur Yaffe me-Hayeshuah ", popular, particularly the " Bovo Bukh", for revived " Frankfurter Rabbinen" has, in with its homilies and stories permeated with many centuries. effect, as the author himself states, become a deep piety. It was originally written in Arabic book in memory of Markus Horovitz. and, according to Salo Baron, in its later In conclusion I would like to say that, re­ Hebrew garb became a regular " best seller ". gardless of certain omissions and inaccuracies which can be found here and there, this stan­ NEW LIBERAL JEWISH CONGREGATION While a number of articles are devoted to dard work with its hundreds of entries and 51 Belsize Square, London. N.W.J hasidic teachers, one would have expected relevant subjects can be recommended as a SYNAGOGUE SERVICES to find at least some cross-reference to such reliable source of information and as a refer­ are held regularly on the Eve of Sabbath outstanding personalities as Bunam of ence book for many an interested reader, and Festivals at 6.30 p.m. and on the day * The EncyelopMlla o( UM J*«lih Rallglon. Edited by layman or scholar alike. at 11 a.m. R. J. Zewi Werblowsky and Geoffrey Wlgoder. Phoenix Housa. London (1967). 70s. J. MAITUS. ALL ARE CORDIALLY INVITED AJR INFORMATION July, 1970 Page 9 BUNDESRUECKERSTATTUNGS-GESETZ SALUTE TO DR. VON HOLLEBEN Many in our midst had personal reasons for Fristablauf 5. September, 1970 sharing the general anxiety about the kid­ napped Federal German Ambassador, Dr. E. Das Vierte Gesetz zur Aenderung des irrtuemlich erfolgt ist, insbesondere in den von Holleben, and felt relieved when, after five Bundesrueckerstattungsgesetzes vom 3.9. fuer unsere Leser in der Regel zutreffenden days of uncertainty, the news of his release 1969, ueber dessen Inhalt s.Zt. in "AJR Faellen, dass der Schaden innerhalb des came through. In the fifties and early sixties. Dr. von Holleben was head of the Legal Information" berichtet wurde, sieht vor, dass Reichsgebietes nach dem Stand vom 31.12. Department of the German Embassy in Lon­ wichtige Fristen fuer eventuelle Zusatzan- 1937 eingetreten ist. don. In this capacity, he was in charge of ques­ traege am 5. September 1970 ablaufen. Die 2. In anderen Faellen ist zwar eine tions of restitution and compensation, an Antraege muessen bis zu diesem Tage bei der Anmeldung im Rueckerstattungsverfahren issue which he approached first and foremost zustaendigen deutschen Stelle eingegangen erfolgt, aber nicht mit der von den Ruecker­ from the moral angle. He understood the feel­ sein. stattungsgesetzen verlangten Genauigkeit und ings of the victims of Nazi persecution and, by In den meisten Faellen haben sich daher nicht in rechtswirksamer Weise. In his sincerity and perseverance, succeeded in Anspruchsberechtigte in ihren frueheren gaining their confidence. He has remained a solchen Faellen kann die Beschreibung der faithful friend to many of us throughout the Wiedergutmachungsverfahren durch Anwaelte einzelnen Gegenstaende, fuer die Ersatz years. We rejoice in the fortunate outcome of in Grossbritannien oder Deutschland oder verlangt wird, bis zum 5.9.1970 noch nachge­ the tragic incident and wish Dr. von Holleben durch URO vertreten lassen. Mit Ruecksicht holt werden. a speedy and full recovery from the effects of auf die Kompliziertheit der gesetzlichen 3. Schliesslich kann in beschraenkten his ordeaL Vorschriften und der Rechtsprecfaung wird Faellen ein rechtskraeftig zurueckgewiesener dringend geraten, auch jetzt in dieser Weise Oder zurueckgenommener Antrag wieder zu verfahren. Wir beschraenken uns daher erneut aufgenommen werden. PROBST GRUEBER HONOURED darauf, nur kurz auf die drei Gmppen von Faellen hinzuweisen, in denen solche Zusatz- On May 8, the 25th anniversary of the Ger­ antraege in Frage kommen, Hierbei handelt AWARD FOR DR. ROBERT KEMPNER man capitulation, the City of Berlin made 79- es sich ausschliesslich um rueckerstattimgs- Dr. Robert Kempner, the deputy prosecutor year-old Probst Griiber an Honorary Citizen. A rechtliche Geldansprueche gegen das in the Nuremberg war crimes trials, was member of the Confessing Church, Probst Deutsche Reich wegen Entziebung von awarded the Carl von Ossietzky Medal of the Griiber courageously helped Jews and " non- International League of Human Rights. At the Aryan" Christians when the Nazis were in Vermoegenswerten, z.B. Schmuck, Hausrat, ceremony which was held in the Berlin Jewish power. The "Biiro Gruber", located An der Wertpapiere etc. Community Centre, the achievements of Dr. Stechbahn, opposite the Berlin Schloss, was a 1. In zahlreichen Faellen sind derartige Kempner as a fighter for justice and peace centre of relief to which many persecutees Antraege nicht im Rueckerstattungsverfahren were described by the Berlin Mayor, Hen- owe their liberation from the Concentration eingereicht worden, sondern irrtuemlich im Klaus Schiitz, and the Chairman of the Hum­ Camp and their admission to countries of anist Union, Professor Walter Fabian (Koln). emigration. As a result of his anti-Nazi Entschaedigungsverfahren. Es kann jetzt activities. Pastor Griiber was put into a concen­ heantragt werden, dass die Entschaedigungs- In his ensuing lecture. Dr. Kempner stated that, as the result of the Niirnberg trials, geno­ tration camp in 1940 and remained incarcer­ hehoerde die Sache, soweit angezeigt, an die cide was now recognised as the greatest crime. ated until 1943. After the war, he was for im Rueckerstattungsverfahren zustaendige He called for the establishment of an Interna­ some time representative of the Protestant Wiedergutmachungsbehoerde verweist. Dabei tional Criminal Court of Justice, whose terms Church at the East German Government. How­ wird in einigen Faellen vermutet, dass die of reference should include crimes like war ever, on account of his independent views he Anmeldung im Entschaedigungsverfahren atrocities, air piracy and other terror acts. later became persona non grata. ADVERTISEMENT RATES AJR EDITORIAL COLUMNS a width of page) CHARITABLE £2 per inch, single column. ADVERTISEMENT COLUMNS TRUST (i width ol page) £1.10s. per inch, single column. These are the ways A discount of 20% Is granted for orders of six or more insertions. in which you can heip: Orders should be received by the 10th of the preceding month. 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Space donated by TRADE CUTTERS LIMITED, H. KAUFMANN Painting & Decorating BrHannla Works, 14 Vicar Lam. 25 St. Pancras Way, Ossett, Specialising in London, N.W.1 Yorks. High-class Interior Decorating 01-387 7461/5 09-243 4675 201 WEMBLEY HILL ROAD, WEMBLEY, MIDDX. (904 SS2S) Page 10 AJR INFORMATION July, 1970

W. M. Schwab as are besetting communities all over the world: assimilation and the call of Israel. There can be no doubt that these factors must have a greater influence on the destiny of JEWS IN POST-WAR GERMANY German communities than on the long-estab­ lished and prosperous communities elsewhere, The historian's task is subjective since it homeless, reparations, the new commimities, but it is the same process that is affecting is his or her prerogative to select and present the next generation, antisemitism and the them all—and the ultimate future of diaspora facts to suit a particular interpretation of past future. What emerges is a frightening picture. Jewry, whether in Germany, the rest of events. In dealing with contemporary history " We will come to the end of our time and Europe or the U.S.A., can only be seen darkly. the task is even more difficult since it is not there will be nobody to succeed us." Is this Karen Gershon has done a great service only the selection and interpretation of facts picture just the culmination of a historical in assembling this material. The antitheses in that come into play but also the impact of re­ process started long before Hitler and con­ thought and expression when examining the cent events on the author's immediate and tinued long after his demise ? Is there really same problem are stimulating and thought- personal consciousness. a place for a Jewish community in Germany ? provoking. It would, for instance, be inter­ Karen Gershon in her recent book "Post­ " Jew and Germans," says one non-Jewish esting to know the real attitude of the Occupy­ script " * has attempted to overcome this diffi­ quotation, " as if the Jews who are living ing Forces to the Jewish problem in the im­ culty by avoiding any direct historical interpre­ amongst us were not Germans, as if they were mediate post-war years compared with the tation herself. She has written a history of not just as much at home here as we our­ views of the saved remnant themselves who German Jewry from the end of the War to selves." Is this true ? A Jewish soiu-ce says: felt themselves abandoned and let down. Far the present day which consists entirely of " Today we have antisemitism without Jews. deeper and more penetrating studies of the quotations without comment. The quotations It is a return to the type of thing that led whole subject on a psychological and socio­ are far-ranging, but are broadly divided into to 1933. . . ." The book abounds with contra­ logical level are needed to obtain a real in­ those made by Jews living in Germany, those dictions of this kind, if indeed they are con­ sight into the tmth affecting the unhappy made by Jews abroad and those provided by tradictions, for it must be very difficult to parties in this anomalous situation. It is to be non-Jews, almost all Germans. The broad ori­ assess true German feelings from public utter­ hoped that such studies will be undertaken gins of the quotations are indicated in the ances (if these are public utterances) designed since in the event they may reveal the Ger­ text by the use of italics and special marks, for consumption both at home and abroad. On mans to themselves and may assist the Jews but unfortunately no indication is given (ex­ the other hand there are brighter aspects : in Germany to come to terms with a difficult cept in very few cases) of the individual con­ the young people who make the annual pil­ but not, perhaps, hopeless situation. This book cerned nor the provenance of the quotation, grimage to the graves in Bergen-Belsen. Where is a starting point for further research and although a full list of sources is given in the does the truth lie ? must give each one of us food for deep introduction. This is to be regretted since it Certainly the Jewish communities in Ger­ thought. makes it impossible to assess the weight to many, few as they are, present a sorry appear­ be attached to any utterance if it is not known ance compared with the glory of their past. FRITZ NAPHTALI FUND FOR ARTS who made it and> more particularly, on what Indeed, the vast majority of the congregants occasion. The book is divided into fifteen chap­ do not appear to be Germans at all (oan one The German Fritz Naphtali Foundation and ters covering the survivors, the camps, the detect a faint air of disapproval in the the municipality of Tel Aviv have decided to author's selections about immigrants from the create a fund of I£7 million to which each of * Karen Gershon : POSTSCRIPT. A collective account of the two partners will contribute 50 per cent. the lives of Jews in West Germany since the Second East ?). But what is troubling these communi­ The proceeds are to be used for the promo­ World War. Goliancz, 1969, 35/-, 191 pp. ties seems in part to be the same problems tion of literature and arts in Tel Aviv.

FAMILY EVENTS Deaths CLASSIFIED Personal Entries in the column Family The charge in these columns is ATTRACnVE, German middle- Events are free of charge. Texts Heilbrunn.—Mrs. Olga Heilbrunn aged widow, no children, with nice (n6e Loewenthal), formerly of 3s. for five words. should be sent in by the 18th of home, wishes to meet gentleman Wuppertal, of 23 Hollybank Court, up to 70 years old for companion­ the month. London Road, Leicester, passed Accommodation Vacant ship/marriage. Box 150. away on May 30 after a short ill­ Engagement ness. Sadly missed by her children 2-ROOM FLAT in central-heated ATTRACTIVE LADY, Continental Lawton : Peters.—Irene Ruth, only and her many friends. house in Edgware to let at nominal origin, early 50s, own income, no daughter of Dr. and Mrs. Herbert rent or in exchange for companion­ ties, would like to meet educated, Lawton, of 6 Dorset Drive, Edg­ ship for elderly gentleman. Suit­ sincere gentleman not over 62 ware, Middlesex, to Dr. Norman LoebeL—Mrs. Berta Loebel (nie able for couple or single person. years of age, London area, object Stieglitz), passed away on June 1, companionship. Box 151. Peters. M.B., M.R.C.P., consultant aged 86. Deeply mourned by her Tel.: 01-952 0045. physician at the Chase Farm daughter, Olga Bischoff, and grand­ ATTRACTIVE WIDOW, early 50, Hospital, Enfield, Middlesex. daughter Ann. We would like to Acconunodation Wanted with own home, wishes to meet gentleman of German origin, Birthdays thank the staff of Otto Hirsch House for the care and kindness CULTURED CONTINENTAL educated, up to 65 years, for com­ Malinow.—Mr. Adolph Malinow, of LADY, still working, urgently re­ panionship/marriage. Box 153. they have given her.—23 Alford quires a nice fumished room in 5a Stanley Drive, Leeds 8 (for­ House, Stanhope Road, Highgate, AUSTRIAN-BORN LADY, intelli­ merly Malinowitzer, Kattowitz, Central or North-West Lnodon at a London, N.O. reduced rent against companion­ gent, musical, independent, Breslau) will celebrate his 85th healthy, would like to meet gentle­ birthday on July 3. ship in the evenings and weekends. Rabinowicz-Raven.—Mrs. Flora Box 152. man aged between 65 and 70 with The AJR Club expresses its hear­ Rabinowicz, of 49 Victoria Drive, similar qualities, for companion­ tiest birthday wishes to its mem­ Wimbledon. London, S.W.19 (n6e Miscellaneous ship. Box 154. bers : Mrs. Feiner, of 5 Honey- Billigheimer), formerly of Frank­ MISSING PERSONS boume Road. N.W.6 (70 on furt am Main, died suddenlv in BEAUTY TREATMENT by quali­ July 1) ; Mrs. E. Steinthal, of 19 her 93rd year on May 31. Deeply fied beautician. Body massage, spot AJR Enquiries Lancaster Grove, N.W.3 (75 on mourned bv her son Paul, her reducing, facials, skin care, etc. Davidsohn.—Mr. Berthold David­ July 1) ; Mr. Angelas, of 96 Addi­ daughter-in-law Ann Mary, her For appointment 'phone Mrs. Edith sohn who came to this country son Gardens, W.14 (70 on July 7) ; grand-daughter Kathleen and hus­ Friedmann, 3 Hurstwood Road, together with his fiance^ from Rati­ Mr. E. Springer, of 48 Bloomfield band, and all her many friends. Henlys Comer, Golders Green, Villas, W.2 (70 on July 7). London, N.W.ll. 01-455 6606. bor in February. 1939. Philippson.—Daughter or relatives Deaths Sterzelbach.—Mr. Moritz Sterzel­ CORSETS, CORSELETTES, BRAS­ bach, formerly of Weiden, passed SIERES, made to measure. Also of Mrs. Ida Philippson (nee Beer.—Mr. Otto Beer, of 54 Holme­ away peacefully on May 26 in his every kind of alteration. Madame Tobias), last known address Berlin, field Court, Belsize Grove, London. 83rd year. Deeply mourned by his L. Stem. 'Phone 01-723 2984. Lietzenburgerstrasse 29. Widow of NW.3, passed away in hospital family. 30 Frognal Court, Finchley Julius Philippson, bom in 1859 in after a long illness on June 1. Sadly Road. London, N.W.3. Mirow, Mecklenburg. missed by his wife Lilo. Scljwarz.—Mrs. Schwarz, who came Freund.—Mr. Philipp Freund, for­ The AJR Club mourns the death SMALL ANTIQUE FURNITURE to this country from Berlin and is merly Vienna, passed awav peace­ of their members: Mrs R. Jizda Restorations undertaken now about 70 years of age. She had fully on M^v 7. Deeply mourned of 4A Old Street, Andrew Man­ (in your home, if desired) a son who was born in 1923 and a bv his wife, Helen, daughtpr sions, who passed away on May 25, daughter, Annelise, who was born Monica, snn-in-law, grandchildren and Mr« Newman of 4 Ad'mson Lindsay Thomson in 1921. The daughter married a and relatives. Walter Frew, 11 Pil­ Road, NW3 who passed away re­ Telephone: 01-4S5 4627 Mr. Philliops in England and she muir Avenue, Glasgow, S4. cently. died in 1951. AJR INFORMATION July, 1970 Page 11

kengaenge und seiner Vorschlaege ein ganz BIRTHDAY TRIBUTES TO DR. W. BRESLAUER ungewoehnliches Mass von Objektivitaet und Faimess. Diese Eigenschaften—kombiniert mit dem, CO-FOUNDER OF THE AJR Dr, Breslauer was one of those executive mem­ was den vorzueglichen Juristen ausmacht: bers who understood these administrative diffi­ juristisches Wissen, juristisches Koennen und On July 3, Dr. Walter Breslauer will be 80 culties. At the same time he lent a helping years old. Even he, in his extreme modesty, Rechtsgefuehl—sind es, die ihn immer ganz hand whenever he was called upon. The rise besonders befaehigt haben, die Spezialaufgabe will understand that it would have been a of the AJR from small beginnings to a strong grave omission if this date were left unnoticed zu erfuellen, mit der ihn der Council of Jews and widely recognised organisation is, there­ from Germany betraut hat. Einer der wichtig­ in this paper. fore, to a high degree due to his guidance and Dr. Breslauer has taken a leading part in the sten Punkte seines Arbeitsprogramms legt co-operation. dem Council die Pflicht auf, die Rechte und work for the German Jews both prior and Shortly after the end of the war, the AJR after their dispersion. Like his father, Justiz­ Interessen der aus Deutschland ausgewander­ joined hands with its corresponding organisa­ ten Juden auf dem Gebiet der Wiedergut­ rat Bernhard Breslauer, he was associated with tions overseas and founded the Council of the cause of Jewish Liberalism and, at the machung zu schuetzen und zu wahren. Die Jews from Germany. Dr. Breslauer's signal diesem Ziel dienende Arbeit hat Dr. same time has also rendered his services to services as a vice-president of the Council the Jewish community at large. A lawyer by Breslauer von Anbeginn an dirigiert. Er are described in this issue by its president. beobachtet unablaessig die Wiedergut- profession, he accepted the appointment of Dr. Siegfried Moses (Jerusalem). When the "Verwaitungsdirektor" of the Berlin Jewish machungs-Gesetzgebung und Wiedergut- tasks of the Council increased. Dr. Breslauer machungs-Praxis, um jeden Fall wahrzuneh­ community in 1931. In this capacity, he could felt that he should concentrate on Wake full use of his outstanding administra­ men, in dem das Interesse der aus Deutsch­ their accomplishment. He, therefore, gave up land ausgewanderten Juden ein Eingreifen tive abilities, marked by an unsurpassed effici­ his seat on the executive of the AJR in 1949. ency and an unlimited working capacity. erfordert. Und wenn er dann seine Gedanken­ He retained, however, his connections with the gaenge den Gremien, die sich mit den Wieder­ In 1936, Dr. Breslauer and his family emi- AJR by becoming a member of its Board. Like gutmachungsforderungen der Juden der Welt Srated to England. At that time, the number of former German Jews in other countries, mem­ beschaeftigen, und den zustaendigen deutschen refugees in this country was still compara­ bers of the AJR have benefited from Dr. Bres­ Stellen unterbreitet oder wenn er dem Lon­ tively small. It only grew substantially after lauer's work for the Council, especially in the doner Kreis, der ihn in dieser Arbeit unter­ the November 1938 pogroms, when tens of field of restitution and compensation. We stuetzt, und dem Praesidium des Council of thousands of Jews from Central Europe thank him for his continuous efforts as a Jews from Germany eine Aktion vorschlaegt, arrived, most of them penniless. At first, some spokesman of the Jewish victims of Nazism, kann man sicher sein, dass sein Vorschlag in of the " Mayflower " refugees felt superior to and wish him health and strength to continue jeder Beziehung fundiert und durchdacht ist. the newcomers. They only changed their atti­ his work for a long time to come. In den Faellen, in denen das Interesse der tude when, in summer 1940, they had to share Juden aus Deutschland in Konflikt mit den their fate in the internment camps. By con­ WERNER ROSENSTOCK. Interessen anderer Wiedergutmachungs- trast. Dr. Breslauer had thrown in his lot berechtigter kommen koennte, weicht er dem with his fellow refugees from the outset by VIZE-PRAESIDENT DES COUNCIL so entstehenden Problem nicht aus, sondern becoming a co-founder of the New Liberal Wenn ich mich anschicke. Dr. Walter Bres­ sucht eine beiden Teilen gegenueber loyale Jewish Congregation. lauer zu seinem achtzigsten (Jeburtstag Loesung, Naturgemaess verleiht diese Kom­ Soon after the outbreak of war. Dr. Bres- herzlichst zu gratulieren und ihm zu sagen, bination von Sachkunde, Objektivitaet und J^uer and some other communal workers from wie ungemein wir alle ihn schaetzen, steht Fairness seinen Hinweisen und Anregungen ^ermany realised the need of a representative vor meinen Augen die abwehrende Gebaerde, ein besonderes Mass von Gewicht, und es ist body of the Jewish refugees from Germany mit der Dr. Breslauer jedes Mal Worten des so dem Council gelungen, die Rechte und and Austria, who were technically classified Dankes fuer seine so wertvolle Wirksamkeit Interessen der Juden aus Deutschland ^ " enemy aliens ". Their efforts resulted in im Rahmen des Council of Jews from Ger­ befriedigend zu wahren. the foundation of the AJR in summer 1941, many begegnet. and Dr. Breslauer became one of the nine Diese Gebaerde ist charakteristisch fuer Als Vize-Praesident des Council beschraenkt ^embers of the first executive. He devoted all die Persoenlichkeit unseres Freundes Dr. sich Dr. Breslauer selbstverstaendlich nicht '^. spare time to the consolidation of the org­ Breslauer, weil sie die Eigenschaft zum auf die vorstehend skizzierte Hauptaufgabe. anisation, helping to strengthen its position Ausdruck bringt, die fuer sein Wesen und Auf den anderen Arbeitsgebieten des Council nside the community and to obtain the con- fuer jede seiner Betaetigungen bestimmend ist seine Mitwirkung ebenfalls schon deshalb ^dence and goodwill of the authorities and ist: unbedingte Sachlichkeit. Er ist gewohnt von hoher Bedeutung, weil sie in alien Faellen ther bodies concerned with the refugee prob- und befaehigt, aus jeder Frage, vor der er die Stimme der Loyalitaet und der Fairness em. Activities in various spheres had to be steht, aus jedem Problem, das er zu loesen zum Gehoer bringt. Sein aehtzigster Geburts­ tarted simultaneously, and as the financial hat, den sachlichen Kern herauszuschaelen, tag gibt uns eine erwuenschte Gelegenheit, esources of the AJR were slender, it was not und ihm und nur ihm und nicht den unsach­ ihm und dem Council noch viele Jahre seiner ^Ways easy for the small administrative lichen Nebenumstaenden widmet er seine Auf­ so fruchtbaren Mitarbeit zu wuenschen. "Machinery then available to cope with them. merksamkeit. Das verleiht jedem seiner Gedan- SIEGFRIED MOSES

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TV lounge, garoens ? N.W.11 (next to Post Office) •k First-class Jewish and Italian Cuisine. Mrs. A. WOLFF, 11 Fenstanton Avenue * 20 minutes from Venice and Inter­ London, N.12 01-455 8673 national Airport. 3 Hemstal Road, N.W.6 OPEN FROM PESACH UNTIL (624 8521) Tel.: 01-445 0061/2 Newest shades in Hosiery ROSH HASHANA. Page 12 AJR INFORMATION July, 1970 Letters to the Editor Obituary • SYMBOLS ON THE RHINE ' generously given by colleagues from the DR. MARTIN LEVY National Union of Joumalists and the English Sir,—^I should like to make the follounng P.E.N. Centre. It is learned with deep regret that Dr. Martin comments on Mr. F. Hellendall's article, Last year, Friedrich Burschell recalled on Levy (Leicester) passed away on May 20. He "Symbols on the Rhine", published in your German television the days of the 1918 revolu­ was actively associated with the AJR since its May issue : tion when he acted as the adjutant of Bavaria's inception, first as chairman of the AJR Leices­ Ernst Moritz Amdt (1769-1860) was not born first republican prime minister, Kurt Eisner, ter Group, and later, when local activities were in Bonn, but on the island of Riigen which, who was assassinated in 1919. disbanded, as (representative of the Leicester like the rest of Nord-Vorpommern, was under Burschell was the authority on Jean Paul, members on the Board. In this capacity he was the mild foreign sovereignty of Sweden from whose works he edited and commented. His a regular visitor to the annual London Board 1648-1815. He was well known as a popular last volume, which he published at the age of meetings. Deeply rooted in the best traditions political poet of the Liberation Wars by his 79. was a splendid Schiller biography of what was once German Jewry, he followed widely spread song, " Was ist des Deutschen (Rowohlt). up the discussions with keen interest and often Vaterland", and by his political pamphlet, Yours etc. also contributed to them. "Der Rhein — Deutschlands Strom, nicht EGON LARSEN Prior to his immigration. Dr. Levy was a Deutschlands Grenze". A memorial plaque, London, June, 1970. practising lawyer in Cologne. Without forget­ carrying this inscription and his name may be ting the happenings of the past, he retained a seen at the " Alte Zoll" in Bonn. E. M. Arndt DR. HERMANN VOGELSTEIN deep attachment to his home town up to the was Professor of German Languxige and Liter­ end. He shared his widespread interests in the ature at Bonn University. He was, however, Sir,—Having been for many years a member values of European culture with his wife, a dismissed by Friedrich Wilhelm lU because of of the " Vorstand " and of the " Gemeindever- teacher by profession. At the same time he was his liberal-minded views and his sympathetic tretung" of the Breslau Jewish Community a deeply religious Jew, combining his own attitude to a unification of Germany. He was and also the last chairman of the " Religios- Liberale Verein der Breslauer Synagogenge­ loyalty to orthodoxy with tolerance towards only reinstated when Friedrich Wilhelm IV those who did not adhere to the same prin­ came to the throne. Arndt was a respected meinde ", I had the good fortune of getting to know Dr Vogelstein very well. He was one of ciples. An upright and amiable personality member of the German National Assembly in the few men I met in my long life who made with a strong, Rhenish sense of humour, he Frankfurt (1848-49) in which he belonged to a great impression on me. It is true : he was a will be remembered with gratitude and affec­ the " kleindeutsche ", pro-Prussian party. fighter fighting for his ideals, for Jewish tion by all who knew him. We extend our sin­ In my view, the protest of the Bonn high Liberalism, and until 1933 he was opposed to cerest sympathy to his widow and the other school pupils against having their school the Zionist movement in Germany, probably in members of his family. W.R. named after Arndt is of little relevance. Con­ conformity with the majority of his congrega­ sidering the unbalanced German national tion. MARGARET LEISCHNER character which tends to change from one extreme to the other, often quite abruptly, it Dr. Vogelstein showed his courage when his The designer, Margaret Leischner, who may very well happen that after the lapse of 25 synagogue was in flames, and he was only pre­ recently passed away, was for 15 years head of or probably 50 years, another generation of vented by force from entering the burning the weavmg department of the Royal College building in order to save the scrolls. He was of Art, She was born in Dresden 63 years ago, pupils will revaluate the name of Emst Moritz a real " Seelsorger", and on the occasion of Amdt. It was not known to me that Arndti studied woven textiles at the Bauhaus and the lOOth anniversary of his birth, the surviv­ came to this country in the early 1930s. Only a supposedly ma'ie antisemitic statements. 1 ing old people who used to attend the services only know that occasionally he described few weeks before she died she received the in the so-called New Synagogue in Breslau will honour of Royal Designer for Industry. Judaism as the Protestantism of the Ancient remember with gratitude that for nearly 20 World and Hellenism as the Catholicism of years we had a rabbi the stature of Hermann that period. Vogelstein. HEINE MEMORIAL ON THE Yours etc. May I also add to Dr. Neufeld's article that, LORELEI ROCK ? (Dr.) WALTER OSTWALD. in co-operation with Ismar Elbogen and Caesar London. Seligmann, Hermann Vogelstein edited the Whenever with binoculars and cameras at prayer book which became known as the the ready passengers on Rhine steamers pass FRIEDRICH BURSCHELL " Liberale Einheitsgehetbuch" ; it was pub­ the Lorelei rock they are gravely disappointed lished on behalf of the "Liberale Kultus-Aus- as they cannot detect any trace of the " finest Str,—May I add a little to PEM's obituary schuss des Preussischen Landesverbandes jiidischer Gemeinden." of maidens " whom Heine's song made world- of Friedrich Burschell? During the Czech­ famous. The Stadtische Verkehrsamt St. oslovak crisis Burschell—then with his wife. Yours, etc. the actress Fritta Brod. in Prague — persuaded (Dr.) P. ROSTEN Goarshausen has appealed to the public to take Thomas Mann to lend his name and patronage London, N.W.2. (formerly Rosenstein) part in a competition ending on October 15, to an organisation of German intellectvxils in to decide whether or not a statue of the exile, the ' Thomas-MannGesellschaft'. It was JERUSALEM YESHIVAH COURSES maiden or some other memorial should be this group which after the Munich Agreement, A Summer Vacation Yeshivah Course for erected on the Lorelei rock. suceeded in obtaining 100 British visas for students aged 18-24, at present held in Jeru­ The story managed to penetrate the Miscel­ those exiles in Czechoslovakia who, as active salem, is to be followed in the autumn by a anti-Nazis and/or Jews, were in particular lany Column of The Guardian where the ques­ one-year and a two-year course. Particulars tion was asked: " What about a statue of danger. Burschell, assisted by Wilhelm Stern­ may be obtained from: Rabbi B. Horovitz, c/o feld. achieved this success with the help of Central Synagogue, Heywood Street, Man­ Heinrich Heine, the poet, who immortalised British sympathisers who made the situation chester 8. Rabbi Horovitz is chaplain to the the Lorelei ? Heine has still no monument on clear to the Home Office; guarantees for the Jewish students of Manchester and Salford the ' Free Rhine' of which he claimed to be members of the Thomas Mann group were Universities. the still freer son." F.H.

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