Efficiently Triggering, Debugging and Decoding Low-Speed Serial Buses
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Part 2: Packet Transmission
Mesh networks LAN technologies and network topology • Early local networks used dedicated links between each pair of computers LANs and shared media • Some useful properties Locality of reference – hardware and frame details can be tailored for Star, bus and ring topologies each link Medium access control protocols – easy to enforce security and privacy Disadvantages of meshes Links between rooms/buildings • Poor scalability • Many links would follow the same physical path Shared Communication Channels Locality of reference • Shared LANs invented in the 1960s • LANs now connect more computers than any other form of network • Rely on computers sharing a single medium • The reason LANs are so popular is due to • Computers coordinate their access the principle of locality of reference • Low cost – physical locality of reference - computers more • But not suitable for wide area - likely to communicate with those nearby communication delays inhibit coordination – temporal locality of reference - computer is more likely to communicate with the same computers repeatedly 1 LAN topologies • LANs may be categorised according to topology ring bus star Pros and cons Example bus network: Ethernet • Star is more robust but hub may be a • Single coaxial cable - the ether - to which bottleneck computers connect • Ring enables easy coordination but is • IEEE standard specifies details sensitive to a cable being cut – data rates • Bus requires less wiring but is also sensitive – maximum length and minimum separation to a cable being cut – frame formats -
Benefits of a Standardized Diagnostic Framework
Benefits of a standardized diagnostic framework Hareesh Prakash Development Engineer The copying, distribution and utilization of this document as well as the communication of its contents to other without expressed authorization is prohibited. Offenders will be held liable for the payment of damages. All rights reserved in the event of the grant of a patent, utility model or ornamental design registration. Agenda DiagnosticsDiagnostics withwith standardsstandards –– Motivation Motivation ODXODX –– ODXplorer ODXplorer MCD-3MCD-3 ServerServer –– samMCD3 samMCD3 serverserver MVCI-D-PDU-APIMVCI-D-PDU-API –– HSX HSX samtecsamtec DiagnosticDiagnostic FrameworkFramework The copying, distribution and utilization of this document as well as the communication of its contents to other without expressed authorization is prohibited. ffenders will be held liable for the payment of damages. All rights reserved in the event of the grant of a patent, utility model or ornamental design registration. Diagnostics with Standards Motivation 2000 - 2009 New ACC Stop & Go ALC + Navigation Strategies, Heading Control Night Vision Process, AFS I + II X-AGS 1990 - 1999 Internet Tools, … Telematics Navigation system Online Services CD-Changer Bluetooth Bus system Car Office ACC Adaptive Cruise Control Complexity Local Hazard Warning Complexity 1980 - 1989 Airbags Integrated Safety Systems DSC Dynamic Stability Control Electronic Transmission control Break-By-Wire Adaptive Transmission Control Electronic air conditioning control Steer-By-Wire Anti-roll ASR i-Drive Xenon Lights ABS Fuel cells 1970 - 1979 BMW Assist Telephone LH RDS/TMC 2 Electronic Fuel Injection Seat heating Lane change ssistant Emergency calls Electronic Ignition … Personalization Servotronic Check Control Software Update … Idle speed regulator Force Feedback Pedal Central lock … Costs Source: [2] Hudi; [4] Reichert The copying, distribution and utilization of this document as well as the communication of its contents to other without expressed authorization is prohibited. -
The Design of PROFIBUS-DP HUB Based on FPGA
International Conference on Computer Science and Service System (CSSS 2014) The Design of PROFIBUS-DP HUB based on FPGA Jiao Ping Zhou Tong Lab. of Networked Control Systems Lab. of Networked Control Systems Shenyang Institute of Automation (SIA), Chinese Shenyang Institute of Automation (SIA), Chinese Academy of Sciences China, Shenyang Academy of Sciences China, Shenyang [email protected] [email protected] Abstract—This paper analyzes the PROFIBUS-DP and specified the standard EIA RS-485, and the traffic rate is physical layer signals states, DP time series and other from 9.6kbps to 12Mbps [2, 3, 6]. characteristics. In the past, PROFIBUS-DP HUB common IEC 1158-2 specified the station number of problems of poor universal apply, shape communication is PROFIBUS-DP is 126 (station address from 0 to 125 contain more time-consuming, required message analysis, Drop frame master and slave station) [4]. In the one segment of etc, this paper propose a new design of PROFIBUS-DP HUB PROFIBUS-DP, the maximum station is 32. DP HUB or DP which based on FPGA. The design contain a detector which Repeater device requires the use, if want to connect more used to monitor the physical layer signal state of the DP bus, stations or change the network topology. As figure shown, use of FPGA synthesis logic signal, could control the direction DP HUB or DP Repeater divided the DP network into many of data flow in the physical layer, and Unrelated with the subnet segments [7]. Each interface of DP HUB is a upper layer protocol, without message analysis, compliance the protocol which used the standard RS-485, and Repeater, which can independently drive a PROFIBUS baudrate-adaptive. -
Field Networking Solutions
Field Networking Solutions Courtesy of Steven Engineering, Inc. ! 230 Ryan Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080-6370 ! Main Office: (650) 588-9200 ! Outside Local Area: (800) 258-9200 ! www.stevenengineering.com TYPES OF FIELDBUS NETWORKS* Field Networking 101 Features and Benefits of Fieldbus Networks The combination of intelligent field devices, digital bus networks, and various open communications protocols Fieldbus networks provide an array of features and benefits that make them an excellent choice is producing extraordinary results at process plants in nearly all process control environments. around the world. Compared to conventional technology, fieldbus networks deliver the following benefits: Just as our ability to retrieve, share, and analyze data Reduced field wiring costs has increased tremendously by use of the Internet and - Two wires from the control room to many devices PC network technology in our homes and at our desk- Reduced commissioning costs tops, so has our ability to control and manage our - Less time and personnel needed to perform process plants improved. Digital connectivity in process I/O wiring checkouts - No time spent calibrating intermediate signals manufacturing plants provides an infrastructure for the (such as 4-20mA signals) - Digital values are delivered directly from field flow of real-time data from the process level, making it devices, increasing accuracy available throughout our enterprise networks. This data Reduced engineering/operating costs is being used at all levels of the enterprise to provide - Much smaller space required for panels, I/O racks, and connectivity boxes increased process monitoring and control, inventory and - Fewer I/O cards and termination panels for materials planning, advanced diagnostics, maintenance control system equipment - Lower power consumption by control system planning, and asset management. -
Fieldbus Communication: Industry Requirements and Future Projection
MÄLARDALEN UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF INNOVATION, DESIGN AND ENGINEERING VÄSTERÅS, SWEDEN Thesis for the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Engineering - Computer Network Engineering | 15.0 hp | DVA333 FIELDBUS COMMUNICATION: INDUSTRY REQUIREMENTS AND FUTURE PROJECTION Erik Viking Niklasson [email protected] Examiner: Mats Björkman Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden Supervisor: Elisabeth Uhlemann Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden 2019-09-04 Erik Viking Niklasson Fieldbus Communication: Industry Requirements and Future Projection Abstract Fieldbuses are defined as a family of communication media specified for industrial applications. They usually interconnect embedded systems. Embedded systems exist everywhere in the modern world, they are included in simple personal technology as well as the most advanced spaceships. They aid in producing a specific task, often with the purpose to generate a greater system functionality. These kinds of implementations put high demands on the communication media. For a medium to be applicable for use in embedded systems, it has to reach certain requirements. Systems in industry practice react on real-time events or depend on consistent timing. All kinds are time sensitive in their way. Failing to complete a task could lead to irritation in slow monitoring tasks, or catastrophic events in failing nuclear reactors. Fieldbuses are optimized for this usage. This thesis aims to research fieldbus theory and connect it to industry practice. Through interviews, requirements put on industry are explored and utilization of specific types of fieldbuses assessed. Based on the interviews, guidelines are put forward into what fieldbus techniques are relevant to study in preparation for future work in the field. A discussion is held, analysing trends in, and synergy between, state of the art and the state of practice. -
CAN-To-Flexray Gateways and Configuration Tools
CAN-to-Flexray gateways Device and confi guration tools lexray and CAN net- Listing bus data traffic toring channels it is possi- power management func- Fworks will coexists in (tracing) ble to compare timing rela- tionality offers configurable the next generation or pas- Graphic and text displays tionships and identify timing sleep, wake-up conditions, senger cars. Flexray orig- of signal values problems. and hold times. The data inally designed for x-by- Interactive sending of GTI has developed a manipulation functionality wire applications gains mar- pre-defined PDUs und gateway, which provides has been extended in or- ket acceptance particular- frames two CAN and two Flexray der to enable the user to ap- ly in driver assistance sys- Statistics on nodes and ports. It is based on the ply a specific manipulation tems. Nevertheless, Flexray messages with the Clus- MPC5554 micro-controller. function several times. Also applications need informa- ter Monitor The gateway is intended to available for TTXConnexion tion already available in ex- Logging messages for be used for diagnostic pur- is the PC tool TTXAnalyze, isting CAN in-vehicle net- later replay or offline poses, generating start-up/ which allows simultaneous works. Therefore, CAN-to- evaluation sync frames, and it can be viewing of traffic, carried on Flexray gateways are nec- Display of cycle multi- used with existing software the various bus systems. essary. Besides deeply em- plexing, in-cycle rep- tools. The Flexray/CAN bedded micro-controller etition and PDUs in the The TTXConnexion by gateway by Ixxat is a with CAN and Flexray inter- analysis windows TTControl is a gateway tool configurable PC application faces, there is also a need Agilent also provides an combining data manipula- allowing Flexray messag- for gateway devices as in- analyzing tool for Flexray tion, on-line viewing, and es and signals to be trans- terface modules for system and CAN. -
Comparison of Network Topologies for Optical Fiber Communication
International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT) ISSN: 2278-0181 Vol. 1 Issue 10, December- 2012 Comparison Of Network Topologies For Optical Fiber Communication Mr. Bhupesh Bhatia Ms. Ashima Bhatnagar Bhatia Department of Electronics and Communication, Department of Computer Science, Guru Prem Sukh Memorial College of Engineering, Tecnia Institute of Advanced Studies, Delhi Delhi Ms. Rashmi Ishrawat Department of Computer Science, Tecnia Institute of Advanced Studies, Delhi Abstract advent of the Information age. Optical In this paper, the various network topologies technologies can cost effectively meet have been compared. The signal is analyzed as it corporate bandwidth needs today and passes through each node in each of the network tomorrow. Internet connections offering topology. There is no appreciable signal degradation in the ring network. Also there is bandwidth on demand, to fiber on the increase in Quality factor i.e. signal keeps on LAN. Fiber to the home can provide true improving as it passes through the successiveIJERT IJERTbroadband connectivity for nodes. For the bus topology, the quality of signal telecommuters as well as converged goes on decreasing with increase in the number multimedia offerings for consumers [2]. of nodes and the power penalty goes on increasing. For the star topology, it is observed These different communication networks that received power values of each node at a can be configured in a number of same distance from the hub are same and the topologies. These include a bus, with or performance is same. For the tree topology, it is without a backbone, a star network, a observed that the performance is almost identical ring network, which can be redundant to the performance of ring topology, as signal quality is improved as it passes through the and/ or self-healing, or some successive nodes of the hierarchy. -
Table of Contents
Table of Contents Chapter 1 Bus Decode -------------------------------------------------------------- 1 Basic operation --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 Add a Bus Decode ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 Advance channel setting ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 Specially Bus Decode: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 1-Wire ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7 3-Wire ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 9 7-Segment -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11 A/D Converter--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 14 AcceleroMeter -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 17 AD-Mux Flash -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 19 Advanced Platform Management Link (APML) ---------------------------------------------------------------- 21 BiSS-C------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 23 BSD --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -
The Path to Robust Automotive Networking
The Path to Robust Automotive Networking www.infineon.com/automotive-networking 2 Content Introduction 4 Products Overview 7 Automotive Transceivers 8 System Basis Chips (SBCs) 12 Infineon® Embedded Power ICs 18 Microcontrollers 25 Support Tools 28 System Basis Chips (SBCs) 28 Infineon® Embedded Power ICs 29 Microcontrollers 30 Packages Overview 32 3 Introduction Automotive Networking Automotive networking technology is evolving fast, driven World leader in automotive electronics for over 40 years, by a number of key trends. With an ever-increasing num- we actively engage with many industry, standardization ber of cars on the road and rising fuel costs, demands and research organizations to drive in-vehicle network- for energy efficiency are growing. Worldwide legislation ing innovations capable of meeting today’s demands for is establishing ever-stricter caps on CO2 emissions. The energy efficiency, safety, smooth interfacing and complex- spotlight is also on functional safety. With the ISO 26262 ity management. Our broad portfolio extends from stand- automotive standard increasingly moving into applications alone transceivers through system basis chips to embed- that were not typically safety-relevant, the bar is moving ded power solutions for CAN, LIN and FlexRay protocols. upwards and we are seeing increasingly granular system We also offer microcontrollers with enhanced communica- safety concepts. At the same time, complexity is on the tion capabilities to support multiple protocols. All of our increase. Growing consumer expectations are fuelling new products are designed to deliver the exceptional levels of comfort and safety features also in low-end segments, and ESD and EMC performance required in automotive environ- this, in turn, is placing pressure on semiconductor manu- ments. -
Chapter 1 Introduction ------6
Table Chapter 1 Introduction ------------------------------------------------------------- 6 1.1 Acute Logic Analyzers ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 1.2 Packing Lists ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8 1.3 Specifications ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------11 1.4 System Requirement --------------------------------------------------------------------------14 Chapter 2 Installation ------------------------------------------------------------- 15 2.1 Hardware ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------16 2.2 Software -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------18 2.3 Driver --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------19 2.4 Accessories -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------20 2.5 Questions ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------21 Chapter 3 Operations ------------------------------------------------------------- 22 3.1 Window -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------23 3.1.1 Timing Analysis --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 23 3.1.2 State Analysis ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 24 3.1.3 Mark the invalid -
Of Fieldbus Signals Physical Integrity Testing
RS 232 Link & MODBUS Protocol Checking the Quality of Fieldbus Signals Physical integrity testing Fieldbuses correspond to a series of electrical wires which convey information in digital form between 2 remote devices. A large number Industry of bus protocols are used in the field, in a wide variety of sectors: industry, automotive, building automation, hospitals, etc. Frequently-encountered bus protocols include KNX, DALI, CAN, LIN, FlexRay™, AS-i, Profibus®, RS 485, RS 232, ETHERNET, etc. Automotive In computer networks, the physical layer is the first layer in the OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) model and it is responsible for effective transmission of the electrical or optical signals between devices. It is useful to measure this electrical physical level in order to optimize communication and draw up a diagnosis: change of Building cable, verification of chassis-earth, termination, etc. Automation We are going to look at the details of a test on an RS232 link between a multimeter and a PC with an oscilloscope offering the physical test in accordance with the applicable standards. LOGO METRIX Checking the Quality of Fieldbus Signals Practical case: Physical integrity test of an RS232 bus between a multimeter and the COM1 port of a PC Equipment used • SCOPIX BUS OX 7204: oscilloscope bus analyser • HX0130 probe: voltage probe • HX0190 DB9 board: RS 232 communication board for training purposes • MTX 3283: 100,000-count on-site digital multimeter • SX DMM: data retrieval software for the MTX 3283 Did you know? The MODBUS protocol is a dialogue protocol based on a hierarchical structure involving several devices. Step 1 Step 2 The MTX Mobile MTX 3283 multimeter is connected using an You plug the HX0190 DB9 RS232 link, set to 9,600 bauds with the MODBUS protocol by connection board into the PC’s using the SX-DMM multimeter data processing software. -
CAN Gateway in the Implementation of Vehicle Speed Control
Investigation of a Flexray - CAN Gateway in the Implementation of Vehicle Speed Control A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY OF WATERFORD INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY IN COMPLETE FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTERS OF ENGINEERING Author Brian Somers Supervisor Mr. John Manning June 2009 Dedicated to: My Mother: Ann Somers and My Father: Tom Somers Declaration I hereby declare that the material presented in this document is entirely my own work and has not been submitted previously as an exercise or degree at this or any other establishment of higher education. I, the author alone, have undertaken the work except where otherwise stated. Signed: Date: Acknowledgements I hereby acknowledge the contributions to my work and offer my thanks to people who have helped and supported me during the course of this research. My Supervisor: Mr. John Manning: I would like to thank John for his continuous supervision, encouragement and invaluable guidance in all areas throughout the course of this research. My Family and Friends: I would like to thank my family and friends for their support, encouragement and understanding throughout all of my studies. The AAEC (Advanced Automotive Electronic Control) Research Group: I would like to take this opportunity to thank all members of the research group, both past and present, whose assistance, knowledge and support has been first-rate. In particular I would like to thank Henry Acheson and Niall Murphy for their addi- tional support throughout the project. There are also many more people who have contributed in countless others way and deserve my thanks also - Thank you! Abstract As the quantity of in-vehicle electronics has increased, automotive networking has been introduced to replace point to point wiring.