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Chec List ISSN 1809-127X (Available at Journal of Species Lists and Distribution N of the Endangered Wunderlichia Azulensis

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Chec List ISSN 1809-127X (Available at Journal of Species Lists and Distribution N of the Endangered Wunderlichia Azulensis Check List 10(3): 706–708, 2014 © 2014 Check List and Authors Chec List ISSN 1809-127X (available at www.checklist.org.br) Journal of species lists and distribution N of the endangered Wunderlichia azulensis ISTRIBUTIO BarrosoNew distribution (Asteraceae: record Wunderlichieae) and implications for conservation D Maguire & G.M. 1* 2 3 RAPHIC , Tatiane Pereira de Souza G 1 EO 4 G Luana Paula Mauad , Fátima Otavina de Souza Buturi , Marcelo N O Trindade Nascimento and João Marcelo Alvarenga Braga OTES 1 Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Rua Pacheco Leão, 915, Jardim Botânico. CEP 22460-030. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. N 2 Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia, Programa de Pós Graduação em Biologia Vegetal. Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, Barão Geraldo. CEP 13083-862. Campinas, SP, Brasil. 3 Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Vegetal. Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Maracanã. CEP 20550-013. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. 4 Universidade Estadual do [email protected] Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais. Avenida Alberto Lamego, 2000, Parque Califórnia. CEP 28013-602. Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brasil. * Corresponding author. E-mail: Abstract: The endemic Brazilian genus Wunderlichia is one of the smallest in Asteraceae. Among its species is found the rare Wunderlichia azulensis W. azulensis Red List Categories and Criteria., only It known is also to presented grow in rockya distribution outcrops map in Bahia, showing Minas its relationshipGerais, and Espirito to places Santo with states.low annual This workrainfall, shows and itsthe occurrence first record in of three Brazilianin biomesRio de Janeiro state and categorizes its conservation status based on the IUCN DOI: 10.15560/10.3.706 The genus Wunderlichia Riedel ex Benth. & Hook.f. rainy season, and up to eight dry months each year. All such species, is endemic to some states of Central Plateau and locationsin places whichare characterized have a clear by seasonal rocky outcrops climate withsurrounded a short southeastern(Asteraceae: BrazilWunderlichieae), (Souza-Buturi which 2013a). comprises The species fiveare by semideciduous or deciduous forests within the Atlantic found on rocky outcrops, such as inselbergs, in regions with a long annual dry season. Species of Wunderlichia are (Cerrado) and Caatinga biomes. Forest domain, with rare records in the Brazilian savanna et al deciduous shrubs or small trees that lose their leaves in In 2009, research was launched to survey the flora flowering (Barroso and Maguire 1973; Feres . 2009). of the Itaoca massif (21°47′31″ S, 41°27′25″ W, with The loss of leaves is an important adaptation to prevent altitudinal range betweenW. azulensis 8 and 420m.a.s.l.) at Campos theseexcessive plants loss are of exposed water through in their rockyevapotranspiration, habitat. as a dos Goytacazes City, northern Rio de Janeiro state, and resultThe of studiedthe xerophytic species, environmental Wunderlichia conditions azulensis to which statesome isindividuals based on specimensof collected were inidentified. the years Thus, of 2010 the first recorded occurrence of this species in Rio de Janeiro Maguire & G.M. Barroso (Figure 1), was first collected by J.G. and 2011. Herbarium material collected in 2007 at the recordsKuhlmann thereafter. (collection In fact, number it has only6616, been 05/12/1943, recorded in RB), ten Gardensame massif (RB). was also identified. All specimen vouchers are and described by Barroso and Maguire (1973), with few deposited at the herbarium of the Rio de Janeiro Botanical states (Souza-Buturi 2013b). Size of capitula, number annual rainfall that does not exceed 1000 mm (Aguiar rocky outcrops in Bahia, Minas Gerais and Espirito Santo The Itaoca massif is situated in an extensive plain with and color (incano to glabrous indument, cream-colored, climate with less humidity than the rest of the state, ochreof series or blackish),of involucral are featuresbracts, andthat distinguishtype of indumentum it from W. and Gaglianone 2011). Despite having a clear seasonal mirabilis, the morphologically closest species and the one et al et al with which it is most confused in herbarium collections. this area is important for the floristic diversity of Rio de Wunderlichia azulensis is found in small patch etJaneiro al. (Werneck . 2011;et al. Pessanha . 2014), which communities of rocky outcrops, mostly sharing their is considered a hotspot within the Atlantic Forest (Myers habitat with some species of Velloziaceae, Cactaceae, and the rest 2000; of the Murray-Smith state, it might be the2008). southern In view boundary of the local for Bromeliaceae. It can sometimes be found isolated in some W.environmental azulensis conditions of Itaoca Massif, compared to clefts with shallow substrate. Its distribution pattern country, because farther south, the trend is toward lower temperatures,distribution higher rainfall in the andstate, more and verydifferentiated likely the geological formations. seems to be associated with places having an annual rainfall below 1200 mm (Figure 2). It is commonly found 706 Mauad et al. | Distribution and conservation status of Wunderlichia azulensis Wunderlichia azulensis et al. The2012). conservation Based on the status scarcity of of records and general on the very few areas of its occurrence suffers and the from visible intense loss lackdiffers of ininformation all red lists about of the its Braziliandistribution, flora W. (Nakajima azulensis is of habitat quality over the years since its first collection. Specifically, most of its present habitat miningIn spite activities of being and recorded fires that in directly four Brazilian affect the states, patch it considered “Data Deficient” by the Brazilian Official List vegetation where it is found. of Flora Threatened Species (MMA 2008). Recently, it has to isolated rocky outcrops with equally limited climatic been considered “Endangered (EN) - EN B1ab(i,ii,iii,v) + conditions.should be noted In addition, that its its occurrence occurrence is habitatstill very in limitedRio de 2ab(i,ii,iii,v)” by the Red Book of Brazilian Flora (Martinelli and Moraes 2013), and had already been consideredFundação occurrence habitats in the northern part of this state may Biodiversitas“Critically Endangered (CR) – B2ab (ii, iii)” by the non-official Janeiro state is not a conservation area, and other likely criteriaBrazilian of Listrestricted of Flora distribution Threatened area Speciesand small of population (2005). These lists mainly followed IUCN well be on private, unprotected land. Therefore, based on the findings in the present study, a reassessment of that(IUCN W. 2012), azulensis and is did under not considera threat category. records from Although, the states taking of its conservation status per the Brazilian Official List W.of intoRio deaccount Janeiro all and records Bahia. about The occupancypresent work area has (SpeciesLink confirmed azulensisFlora Threatened be included Species on a and possible the Red upcoming Book of red Brazilian list of 2013) and habitat quality, and using GeoCat (Bachman et al. Flora is recommended. It is also recommended that 2011) recommendations, with area of occupancy estimated 2 W. azulensis Rio de Janeiro state, since its occurrence is now recorded for one isolated rocky outcrop in that state (21°47’31’’ at 68 km , we have classified as “Endangered S, 41°27’25’’ W), thus making it possible to take action (EN) – B2ab (ii, iii, iv)”. This classification is primarily based toward its conservation. Figure 1. Wunderlichia azulensis Maguire & G.M. Barroso (Asteraceae) at Itaoca Massif, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. A) Branches with old capitula (bracts and paleas); B) Flowering capitula; C) Fruiting capitula; D) Specimen of W. azulensis from the Itaoca Massif (M. L. Dan 39 (RB)). 707 Mauad et al. | Distribution and conservation status of Wunderlichia azulensis Figure 2. Wunderlichia azulensis Distribution map of Maguire & G.M. Barroso (Asteraceae) regarding annual rainfall (Hijmans et al. 2005) and Brazilian biomes (IBGE 2012). Acknowledgments: Rodriguésia We thank Dr. Roberto Lourenço Esteves and Nakajima,63 J.N., T.V. Junqueira, F.S. Freitas and A.M. Teles. 2012. Comparative Pablo Viany Prieto for conversationsConselho about Nacional the studied de Desenvolvimento species and its analysis of red lists of the Brazilian flora: Asteraceae. Científicoconservation e Tecnológicostatus, respectively, and Leandro Jorge Telles Cardoso for (1): 039–054 (doi: 10.1590/S2175-78602012000100004). the insight about this subject. The Pessanha, A.S., L. Menini Neto, R.C. Forzza and M.T. Nascimento. 2014. (CNPq) provided financial support and a Composition andRevista conservation de Biologia of TropicalOrchidaceae on an inselberghttp:// in Literatureproductivity grantCited to Marcelo T. Nascimento. the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and floristic relationships). with areas of Eastern Brazil. Wunderlichia 62(2): 829–841 ( revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/rbt/article/view/10719 Aguiar,southeastern W.M. and M.C.Brazil. Gaglianone. Tropical Zoology 2011. Euglossine bees (Hymenopterahttp://www. Souza-Buturi, F.O. 2013a. in Lista de Espécies da Flora Apidae Euglossina) on an inselberg in the Atlantic Forest domain). of do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Electronic Database 24(2): 107–125 ( accessible at http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/floradobrasil/Taxonomia,
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