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SURAU SYEKH BURHANUDDIN clan. ULAKAN, PARIAMAN rumah gadang be interpreted with is suraucomplementary AND of , but not every musafir ISLAMIZATION OF have it, because the existing can still accommodate young people to stay, , and DESY ARYANTI, S.T., M.A. traders whensurau passing through a and benighted on his way. Youngsurau people who lived and stay in the can find informations that occurs Department of Archtecture, FTSP outside their village. So, is a multifunction Bung Hatta University place, because it serves as an information2 center , and placeIslam for the socialization of youth. surau E-mail : [email protected] [email protected] Before come to Minangkabau, has ABSTRACT become an institution and the structuresurau of traditional Minangkabau. In history of This research examines the relationship adjustment Minangkabau shows that the first great and indigenous struggles and Syarak () in founded by Raja3 in the 1356 M in Minangkabau, track and know the history and Bukit Gombak. Beside its functions as a Hindu- development of Islam in the area of Ulakan, Buddhist worship center, it also a meeting place Pariaman conducted by Syekh Burhanuddin for young children to learn a variety of knowledge through the surau as the main point in spreading surauand skills for life. Its function is more than just a islam. In addition, Surau Syekh Burhanuddin also as religious place. Based on term of traditional rules, a center Tarekat Syatariah in Minangkabau and a serves as a gathering place for teenagers, pilgrimage to the tomb of Syekh Burhanuddin adult men who are unmarried or widowedsurau. This known as "Ber-Syafar". Religious ritual is always term make boys do not have bedroom at their held every year in Ulakan Pariaman. By this parents house and make them to stay in . research, Syekh Burhanuddin region in Ulakan, This fact causes the surau became a place is very Pariaman is not only a place for pilgrimage, but important for the maturation of the younger also a place for tourist to enjoy religious tourist generation of Minangkabau, in4 terms of both area. science and other practical skills. Keyword: Surau, Syekh Burhanuddin, Ulakan, Pariaman, Religious Tourism There are not too much evidence and the wider historical data available to tell about the function and position of surau before Islam entered the 1.0 INTRODUCTION Minangkabau. Some opinion state that the early period of the history of the Minangkabau are in surau langgar obscurity, except that there are a few inscriptions that reveal about Pagaruyung kingdom5 ruledIslam by Sidi Ghazalba said that the or was King Adityawarman since 1356 M. surauIn the course originally a native culturalsurau elements related to the of historical development and spreading and refers tosurau theirs beliefs. After Islam (Da'wah Islamiyah). Forsurau the next became entered the archipelago, becoming Islamic the main point of the process of Islamization in buildings. Formerly is a place to meet, Minangkabau, because is not just a place of gather, deliberation, and beds for the boys and worship alone, but also serves as a social men who are old, especially widowersUma . In addition, institution. Surau dan Pembaharuan Pendidikan to similarLobo buildings in the MinangkabauMuenasah region in Islam2 di Minangkabau the MentawaiLanggar are also called , in East Toraja Mulyani, 1999, Jaringan Timur Tengah called , in1 called and dan3 Kepulauan , Padang: Abad IAIN17 dan IB 18Press, h.7 Suraucalled . Azra, Azyumardi, 1994, 4 Pendidikan Islam, ,Tradisi Bandung: dan indu Mizan in traditional Minangkabau belongs to the Modernisasi menuju Millenium Baru Azra, Azyumardi, 1999, 1society’s mine or is part of a tribe or can also Mesjid Pusat Ibadat dan Islamic Revivalism, Jakarta: in Logos a Kebudayaan Islam Changing5Wacana Ilmu Peasant Economic Gazalba, Sidi, 1989, Dobbin, Christine, 1983, , Jakarta: Pustaka al –Husna, h.314- , London: Curzon Press, 315 h.119 1 Diaspora Minang 2014

Surau Ulakan society at that time. And Islamic law such as In Addition, broadcast the Islamic prayer, fasting, still rarely implemented even religion in the form of educationDarek and became the surau (mosque) rarely visited, except by religious center of Tarekat Syatariah activities. Meanwhile, leaders. the centerrantau of Minangkabau ( Surau), surau which Islam means a place in the social system as it is the case According to one opinion, the origin society had in the which receives as one of the been converted to by Muslim traders who requirements validity of a new village, in addition sailed from and Indragiri down the to after entering Islam and became a fad by King Kampar river in the 15th and 16th century. This of Pagaruyung. opinion may be so, when it is time Malacca was occupied by the Portuguese in 1511 which resulted in the emigration trade route through the 2.0 BACKGROUND western coast of Island. At the same time, the kingdom of Pasai in Aceh under the rule of Iskandar Muda at 1607-1638 who was at the height of glory and disseminate Islamic In tracing the history of the beginnings of Islam patterned effect that in tu8rn can master the small into Minangkabau, we will be faced with a variety kingdom of Minangkabau. of opinions that are difficult to find traces of certainty. Some historians say that Islam has In these conditions, Islam has actually started to entered the region at 12th century BC, another go from urban western coast of Sumatra island one say that Islam has entered the region at 14th and then spread into the inland of the century BC, and some even conclude on the Minangkabau. This breakthrough pioneered by Chinese calendar says that have found Arabian Muslim traders from Aceh who enter through the community in Western Sumatra in the 674 BC. west coast of Sumatra or better known as This means that Islam has entered Minangkabau, into this area6 Minangkabau happened in the heyday ofIslam the Overzichtsince 674 vanBC Landor ” the first centuryIslam of Hijriah. kingdom of PasaiIslam. Beside running their bussiness, However, in M. Joustra’s book “ they also spread the new religion, namely . , ensure that does not The spread of by the Acehnese merchants apply in Minangkabau before 1550, because the have disrupted the peace of the King mission of the facing Adityawarman who became king in Minangkabau Albuerque in Malacca in 1551 is not religious. Rue at the time, so that the king often trade boycott de Ariro told the same opinion, a captain of Aceh merchants. As a result, more Acehnese Malacca mention7 thatIslam in 1554 the Minangkabau merchants struggle to concentrate on not religious yet. From a variety of expert opinion communities along the coast. about the history of into Minangkabau when In manyIslam ways, the triumph of the kingdom of Aceh the more commonly accepted by many new further with a significant impact for the expansion parties known by the Minangkabau society in the of in Minangkabau in subsequent periods. sense of a religion is expected aroundThe the History 1600. of Similarly, in the discourse of mysticism attached Sumatra to the colors that significantly initiated by such William Marsden in his book great names Hamza al-Fansuri, Shams al-Din al- , recognizes how quicklyIslam the Islamization Sumatrani, Nur al-Din al-Raniri, Abd al-Rauf al- process. He was surprised to see Minangkabau Singkil the religious thought in Minangkabau. society has fully embraced , when he visited the area in 1778. Whereas in a manuscript in 1761 Hamzah al-Fansuri and Sham al-Din al-Sumatrani illustrated that most people there still worship are two figures who delivered many major works idols. It's just that even had converted to Islam, in the form of essays and poetry with the patterns Marsden added, superstitions and practices that of thought Wahdat al-Wujud. Meanwhile, two do not do much other Islamic Minangkabau prominent syekh thought(wujudiah) that the latter tend to Sejarah dan Masyarakat, harmonize between Shari'ah and Tasawuf. Lintasan6 Historis Islam di Indonesia, polemic heterodok with widespread Abdullah, Taufik, 1987, 8Tjandrasasmita, Uka, 1976, Masuknya Islam ke Indonesia, 7Nasroen.M.Prof., 1957, Dasar FalsafahJakarta: Pustaka dalam Buletin Yaperma, No.1, tahun III, Februari, 1976, Minangkabau,Firdaus, h. 111Jakarta:-2 Penerbit Pasaman, h.21. h.80.

2 Diaspora Minang 2014

Puteri Aka orthodoxy in Aceh in the 16th century and to 17th LundangGuguk Sikaladi Pariangan, Tanah Datar District, century. Both bring understanding to the contrary MissWest Sumatra. His grandmother named Tantejo and religious conflict and brought victims in Aceh, Gurhano. a descendant of the nationPampak withSakti the titleRed seeps and can be found in his footstepstarekat on Islam in Karimunand her grandfather fondly known as Minangkabau. However, the most tarekat dominant, Putri CukupHis Bilang father Pandainamed is syariahespecially among followers of is Ponotitle, Koto clan. His mother named is understood that reconcile between and from Guci clan. His first . name is , was born in Pariangan the year 1066 (1646 BC). The lives of both parents raise This fact is recognized and believed to be the cows and goats, leaving the family Pampak Way remains of traditional MinangkabauSyekhthat Abd.al Islamic- Pariangan hometown Padang Panjang, to find a Raufclericsal who-Sin gdevelopkil and become a referralTuanku sourceSyiah new place graze their livestock. Journey from Kualafor them. is a great moeslem, he is Pariangan down to Malalo continue to Punggung more famous as Jawi hill continues to Asam Pulau near Kayu The success Syekh Abd.al-Rauf al-Singkil in Tanam. By Batang Tapakis steer the family arrived placing itself as the authoritative and influential in the area Sintuk. This road is a road that is syekh in the kingdom of Aceh, and be able to supervised by Tuan Gadang from Batipuh. spread the teachings gained to areas that are under the control of Aceh, characterized by the Pampak Sakti begin a new live’s here, with a long spread of Islam in Minangkabau region. Influence effort developed, because Sintuk area has fertile Syekh Abd.al-Rauf al-Singkil in the development of green area. Pono diligently and dutifully in Islam in Minangkabau forwarded by his studentsSyekh. helping his father and finally his family became BurhanuddinThe most famous among the student of Syekh Abd. known in this place. In Nagari Tapakis, Pono got a Tuankual-Rauf alUlakan-Singkil in was new friend his name is Idris Majolelo, Koto clan, , better known by the name of from Tanjung Medan. Idris Majolelo have refined . Burhanuddin not only students manners. of Syekh Abd.al-Rauf al-Singkil duty to spread Islam, even he also received a mandate from the In Nagari Tapakis dwells a great Parson from Aceh Sultan Iskandar Thani as ruler in the region along named Syekh Abdul Arif famous with the title the western coast, which is also when it has been Tuanku also called Tuanku Air Sirah. Air under the control of the kingdom of Aceh. Sirah is Jorong name in Nagari Tapakis, where Evidence that Syekh Burhanuddin authorities and Syekh Abdul Arif lived and taught. His main develop a mandate from the Sultan of Islam is to servants are Syahbuddin, Shamsuddin, and be found in Aceh royal stamp on a nine-headed Basyaruddin. This contemporary cleric Syekh stamp relic of Syekh Burhanuddin. Abd.al-Rauf al-Singkil and equally studied to Syekh Ahmad and Syekh Abdul Anak Qadir N Kosasihagari al As the surau basis of activities in carrying out Surau royal Gilani in Madinah. Syekh Abdul Anak Arif with Nagari patient duties and spread of Islam, Syekh Burhanuddin and persistent teaching Islam to . The build a in the Tanjung Medan Ulakan. results are not encouraging. are ultimately play a significant role as an education more steadfast in customs and beliefs of the old facility and the first religious institutions in ignorant. Minangkabau. Syekh Burhanuddin choice made surau as basis for the development of Islam in By Idris Majolelo invitation finally Pono Minangkabau become something very crucial in acquainted with the religion of Islam and saying the religious life in Minangkabau for subsequent two tauhid sentences directly into the undefiled periods. Soon, surau Ulakan renowned as the only religion in front of Tuanku Madinah. He studied center of Islamic Parsonship in Minangkabau. hard and diligently practice all lesson from his 3.0 BIOGRAPHY teacher. Pono including the brightest due diligence and intelligence of his brain. Not so long suddenly Tuanku Madina died. Pono often pensive and sad over the death of Tuanku Madinah. It The origin of the descendants of Syekh would be sad because it is not alleged Pono at all Burhanuddin has a close relationship with the respected and loved teacher who has gone. Pono’s origin of Minang descent. His ancestors came from hope to gain knowledge as much as possible failed. the first country of origin of the Minang people are 3 Diaspora Minang 2014

With compassion and hopeless, Pono back to Bayang Tarusan. There was a friendship between Sintuk. He often reflect and touched by the death them. After deliberation obtained through an Anakof TuankuNagari Madina. He is aloof from the association agreement that Pono was appointed head of the crowded, considering wrathful is often done by group that receives the full sense of responsibility. . To relief heart melted, he diligently Through the ups and downs along the way, and wholeheartedly practicing all the lesson tat he eventually they reached safely in Singkil and has got from his teacher, Tuanku Madinah.IslamWith directly facing and introduce themself to the Islamstealth, Pono could teach and convince his close Syekh Abd.al-Rauf al-Singkil. With all pleasure, friends will be the essence of the truth ofDa'wah. Syekh Abd. al-Rauf al-Singkil accept and grant slowly began to sink in the hearts of a them petition candidates. limitedAnak numberNagari Sintuk population. Pono’s Syekh Abd. al-Rauf al-Singkil is a well-known did not last so long. Further challenges coming syekh in the 17th century. He was born in 1620 in from , especially Suku and Singkil, South Aceh district. His full name is leader of Nagari. They feel their authority will be Abdurrauf al-Ali al-Jawi al-Fansuri al-Singkil. reduced accordingly. Finally, they advised to Syekh Abd. al-Rauf al-Singkil greatly honored by immediately leave Pono preaching activities. the people of Aceh since the first until now. Many However Pono still carry it. As a result, the Muhammadanlegends about Syekh MysticismAbd. in al -Rauf Sumatra al-Singkil kept challenge is getting into. At first they persecute his alive and known hereditary. Archer in his book father’s poultry and then with the threatislam of said that expulsion. The highlight is a decision to kill Pono Syekh Abd. al-Rauf al-Singkil was the famous when he is not immediately stop spreading . syekh who is now known as Tuanku Syiah Kuala. His name imbedded deep within the Acehnese as At the time of this crisis Pono aware of his syekh and intellectual genius at that time. worries. Back fresh in his memory of the deceased teacher messages Tuanku Madinah, in order to After an education in his hometown and in the deepen knowledge of religion to a great syekh, capital of the Kingdom of Aceh, he continued his Syekh Abd. al-Rauf al-Singkil. The Message is studies into Arab. In 1642 he went to Mecca, for delivered with solemn to his parents and hope 19 years Arab. Syekh Abd. al-Rauf al-Singkil their blessing. completed his studies at Tarikat Syatariah a great syekh namedrangkang Molla Ibrahim, Ahmad Qusyasyi In the age of 15 years, Pono left Nagari Sintuk followers . In 1661 he returned to Aceh and toward the Aceh at night time in order to meet his founded (Islamic boarding school) near master teacher message Tuanku Madinah. With a the mouth of the Aceh river. From various parts of heavy heart, his parents farewell beloved child. South East Asia where people come to learn. The Then Pono bow down and apologize to his efforts of his students, Tarikat Syatariah then parents, tears streaming down her cheeks. The spread throughout Indonesiamubaligh and the Malay first step towards the future of Aceh has its own Peninsula. Among his famous student, Syekh value in the event of the development of Islam in Burhanuddin was a famous in Ulakan Minangkabau. who spread islam intensively to inland of Minangkabau. He departed secretly without anyone knowed. His spirit and determination that round and surrender After receiving enough knowledge for several to Allah. The goal is to South Aceh Singkil to met years with Syekh Abd. al-Rauf al-Singkil in Singkil, Syekh Abd.al-Rauf al-Singkil, a syekh who was it was the time leave Aceh. Education period ends famous at the time and fulfill the mandate of his with the separation between teachers and deceased teacher, Tuanku Madinah. Pono already students with great affection. A conversation departed, Nagari Sintuk been left far behind. He betweenTonight Syekh ended theBurhanuddin patient andand determination Syekh Abd. alof- moved the coast of the Indonesian Ocean without yourRauf alwhole-Singheartkil whichstudying readsall as thefollows lesson : . You have anyone. By chance on the way he met with four learned" the ups and downs with a vengeance. young men. They then met, and it turns out they Blessed with mercy and grace of God, have survived have the same intentions about to go to Aceh to to take the khalwat period for 40 days. You are study religion to Syekh Abd. al-Rauf al-Singkil. fortunate in the world and happy in the Hereafter. They are Datuk Maruhum from Padang Ganting, Now you went home to met your mother and father Tarapang from Kubuang Tigo Baleh, Muhammad Nasir from Koto Tangah, and Buyung Mudo from 4 Diaspora Minang 2014 has you left a long time. Besides, heavy duty waiting for you to develop Islam there pinago biru night. As a souvenir from studying in Aceh, Syekh . " Burhanuddin plant pinagothat brought biru from taufah Aceh. He advised to Idris Majolelo when he death, Syekh Abd. al-Rauf al-Singkil released with a one day he was buried near the . and provide a boat with nine people who 4.0 NAGARI ULAKAN will escort him during the trip. The delegation was led by Tuanku Nan Basarung to deliver Syekh Burhanuddin up in his hometown. At that time there has been a change in the relationship Naming Nagari Ulakan described as new between Aceh and Minangkabau. The area that in surrounding area. Ulakan in Minang language had been under the control of the Kingdom of means one who issurau rejected. This new Nagari is Aceh was one by one to break away each other. widely known after Syekh Burhanuddin put four Similarly, in Minangkabau has happened several companions in the he had built for them for times fights and wars that make many victims. a place of learning. His friends are : Among them, fall a commander named Sisangko, 1. Datuk Maruhun Panjang from Padang nephew of Kacang Hitam commander, Ganting granddaughter Ami Said laydown in earth at 2. Tarapang from Kubung Tigo Baleh Solok Angso Duo Island. 3. Muhammad Natsir from Koto Tangah Padang Syekh Burhanuddin boat landed on the Angso Duo 4. Buyung Mudo from Bayang Pesisir island, which is located on the beach of Pariaman Selatan to rest and review the situation on the ground. Islam With his bodyguard, they approached the Ulakan The Efforts of four Syekh Burhanuddin’s friends beach. Syekh Burhanuddin boat is a boat of Aceh, spread in their hometown were failed. Then so that residents of the coast has been complete they re-learn to Aceh but their teacher rejected prepared guard with guns waiting outside the and asked for them to learned Syekh Burhanuddin confines. Seeing this situation, Syekh Burhanuddin in Tanjung Medan, Ulakan. Syekh Burhanuddin argue better back to Angso Duo Island waiting for receive them well and set the surau for them in a the good situation. But Tuanku Nan Basarung have place not far from Tanjung Medan and closer to a others argue. His job is to deliver the villagers the beach which is called by the public at that time themselves who have long migrated to the Aceh with Padang Lagundi, because in this region many several years. With a hard heart he paddled Lagundi trees growing (a kind of plant veined himself to shore. He was greeted with a fight riding but do not bring fruit, it is still growing against the many people. Although he showed around the tomb of SyekhsurauBurhanuddin Ulakan). courage, but finally he was killed in duty. Syekh Burhanuddin lived alone on the Angso Duo island Open the new area and were followed by after eight bodyguards who were summoned back the population which then graduallydiulak known as the to Aceh. He advised the Syekh Abd. al-Rauf al- Ulakan place – the area where four best friends of Singkil, that he has reached his hometown and will Syekh Burhanuddin learning (rejected) by save Tuanku Nan Basarung corpse. Through a their teacher to learn the second time in Aceh. fisherman, Syekh Burhanuddin sends a letter to his close friend Idris Majolelo who stated that he Tanjung Medan has the land owned by Idris had returned from Aceh and now resides on the Majolelo who provision from King of Ulakan. In Angso Duo island. A boat that approaching Ulakan that place Syekh Burhanuddin began carrying the beach yesterday was his boat that accidentally sacred duty of teaching and spreading of Islam. sent by Syekh Abd. al-Rauf al-Singkil. The first attempt was ninik in Idris mamak Majolelo family, followed by nearest neighbor. Although After receiving the letter, Idris Majolelo deliver challenged by groups and other content and intent of the letter to the leaders and community leaders are worried about the effect people of Ulakan. The next day, Idris Majolelo will be reduced, most people in Tanjung Medan accompanied by a few people picked this syekh to has embraced Islam devout. Syekh Burhanuddin the Kenaur beach not far from Pariaman. Both of absorb the teachingsiqraha fiddin of Islam by soft and gradual these friends shake hands after such a long way. He had applying one version of the Qur'an separation. A moment later, they left for Padang which says means no compulsion in Lagundi Ulakan, that is where they spend the running religion. 5 Diaspora Minang 2014

Failure while in Sintuk repaired now, after obtaining knowledge from his teacher Syekh Abd. al-Rauf al-Singkil. The new method was successfully implemented. He believes that failure in Sintuk is delayed success, the new method Isshowlam the results after his Islamic proselytizing inside and outside Nagari Ulakan. In absorbing especially to childrensurau who are still clean and easily influenced. Syekh Burhanuddin asked the children play in the yard of . Syekh Burhanuddin were also playing together with these children. In every Figure 1.0 Bismillahirrahmanirrahimeach launch game, Syekh Burhanuddin was always pronounce the name of the God Chronology of Ritual Basafa and reading other prayers. That is why the kids are interested want The News about Syekh Burhanuddin in Ulakan to learn and want to know the content of his extends to other areas, to Gadur Pakandangan, prayer is recited. Time by time, the students of his Sicincin, Kapalo Hilalang, Guguk, Kayu Tanam, became more and more and finally after surau continue to ParianganAlam MinangkabauPadang Panjang and finally deliberation in mutual cooperation, they built a get to the Basa Ampek Balai and King of in Tanjung Medan. Pagaruyung. shaken and Nagari Ulakan act as a center of education and In the early development of Islam, born a fraternal broadcasting of Islam to in Minangkabau. What group as a way to get closer to Allah. Tarikat is the was make it to be implemented? The way was ask branch of theology that is conveyed Islamic the blessing of the King of Pagaruyung. When King philosophers. Devout adherents are called Sufis. was convinced of the truth of the teachings of Sufi studying religion for many years to a teacher. Islam, Minangkabau could be easily influenced. In the 18th century there were three groups of Unfortunately, one of his friends who studied Tarikat in Minangkabau: together in Aceh, namely Datuk Maruhum Basa 1. Naqsabandiyah appointed by His lordship 2. Syatariah as Tuan Kadi in Padang Ganting. 3. Kadiriyah Characteristic of those group are same, i.e full With accompanied by Idris Majolelo, Syekh compliance required of a student to his teacher. Burhanuddin met the King of Ulakan who called they learn Islam, discipline, and practice. Teachers Mangkuto Alam – nephew of Datuk Maninjun Nan teach reading Al-Qur’an, , and religious and Sabatang and Ami Said granddaughter of Kacang other practicesdzikir to seek the pleasure of Allah. In the Hitam – with purpose intention of expanding the afternoon the students gathered while carrying scope of spreading islam activities. Finally out the Tarikatwith AsmaSyatariah Allah. SyafiiThe knowledge Mangkuto Alam appointed overlooking Sovereign that developed by Syekh Burhanuddin as the Tarikat Ulakan the King of urangPagaruyung. nan Thissebelas invitationUlakan was well adherents of Basafa Ritualis also called received though Mangkuto Alam after deliberation . Tarikat influence can still be seen with the orang nan sebelas. UlakanSyekh today with the holding (Ber Syafar) Burhanuddin and Idris Majolelo went along with to the Tomb of Syekh Burhanuddin in Ulakan. Mangkuto Alam and accompanied by the commander necessary facing King of Pagaruyung. The first is found Datuk Bandaharo in the Tarab River. Based on the initiative of Datuk Bandaharo, Basa Ampek Balai invited to discuss the aims and objectives of the Ulakan people, which asks permission to spread the teachings of Islam in Minangkabau. Bukit Marapalam Place the hearing held on a hill known as . Marapalam conception gave birth to 6 Diaspora Minang 2014

adat basandi syarak the expression of . In 1668 Marapalam conception was initiated, so that the syekh in Minangkabau have to involve the people in a religious political action. Syekh Burhanuddin and his followers were givendi thedalam freedom lareh nan to duodevelop (KeselarasanIslam throughout Koto Piliangin Minangkabau. dan Keselarasan In Bodicustomary Caniago), proverb luhak mentioned nan tigo (Luhak Tanah Datar, Luhak Agam, Luhak Limo Puluh Kota), dan ikua darek kapalo rantau sampai ke riak nan badabua Figure 3.0 Location of the Makam Syekh . Syekh Burhanuddin with his movement protected by Pagaruyung Kingdom. Surau Syekh Burhanuddin is located in the village Subdistrict Ulakan Tapakis is one of the surau of Tanjung Medan, 6 km from the Tomb of Syekh subdistrict that located in the district of Padang 2 . The access to from the Pariaman Administration with an area 38.85 km , main road through the small roads are quite good. about at 1000 16 '00 "east longitude and 0045' Location of Surau Syekh Burhanuddin is the land 00" South latitude and an altitude of 7 -100 meters awarded by the Ulakan King, named Mangkuto above sea level (asl). Alam to Idris Majolelo for his services during the In Administrative, Ulakan Tapakis Subdistrict is  Syekh Burhanuddin studying in Aceh. This surau bordered by: complex region is now a Islamic boarding school North side bordering with Subdstrict of Nan  complex Tanjung Medan Ulakan. Sabaris  South side bordering with Subdstrict of Batang Anai  East side bordering with the Indonesian Ocean West side Bordering with Subdstrict of Sintuk Toboh

Ulakan Tapakis Subdistrict consists of 2 Nagari to 33 Korong, they are Nagari Tapakis (14 Korong) and Nagari Ulakan (19 Korong). Figure 4.0 Location of Surau

5.0 SURAU TANJUNG MEDAN

Approachment and appropriate methods are the simple reason for acceptance of Syekh Burhanuddin by all society life whokaum then adat left the vast influence and impression in Minangkabau Figure 2.0 Map of the Nagari Ulakan society. The strong support of and community leaders to the Syekh Burhanuddin mission in expanding of Islam that sown suraudemonstrated by their willingness to give land to FirstbuildSurau a surau and also cooperate in establishing (da'wah),. On the initiative of Idris Majolelo stand the that serves as a place of religious place studying Al-Qur’an, and also teaching children Tanjung Medan Ulakan. Along with that,7 Diaspora Minang 2014

surau then every jorong stands as the place to Surau Syekh Burhanuddin consists of two study of children, adults, and places of worship. buildings : The foyer has rectangular plan as additional MinangkabauSurau haveGadang two forms of classification of buildings were made later which has gonjong surau after the arrival of Islam, they surauare: roofed and serves as the entrance hall and the 1. (big surau) is the main whole building is open (without wall). surau for several small around. This surau is usually use as the residence Surauof famousGadangSyekh, routine recitation held by Syekh with his students, Naming surau is usually associated with the name of the Syekh who inhabit in or the name of the area where the surau stood. For example : Surau Gadang Tanjung Medan in Ulakan. Surau gadang Figure 7.0 Foyer SuraueventuallyKetek functioned as a mosque, boarding schools, and recitation place.  2. (small surau). ViewsKorong of its kindkampung there are two forms of: Surau has rectangular square plan situated a. Surau foundedsurau by the clanfound, joglo behind the foyer. In principle, the roof of the , and merchants. For surau example which are in building use construction. As an ancient in Java, including the surau of Demak. nagari in West Sumatra. In general, However, in accordance with the state and surau has a strong position in the berkolong habits of the Minangkabau, the Surau building society, because surau done a is made (construction stage). variety of wir religiousid Tarekat and bela social diri silatactivities, suchpanitahan as the recitation of the Qur'an, , Surau, learning (customary speech) and public art other. b. were built around Surau Gadang liveable by students who learn to Syekh. The model of Surau Ketek can be found in the compound Surau Pondok Ketek Ulakan Figure 8.0 Front view of Surau Pariaman. 

Surau have four main column surrounded by two rows of column. The first row amounted (tosoko 12 gurucolumn/Java)and 20 column in the second row. Four main column or length column in the middle with two rows of additional column. The structure of building covered with a three-layered roof, walls attached to the second column row (20 Surau (surau gadang and surau ketek) column) and all of them were connected by wooden column which are connected with in both rattan. institutional above understanding is still maintained and functioning properly, in addition to the changes varies considerably. Among the most notable changes is the shift of the function into formal education (Madrasah). 8 Diaspora Minang 2014

Datar

. The visible roof construction in architectural development overlap with form culminating with a crown decorative. Same with the Surau Demak that built in the .

Figure 9.0 View of the interior of Surau

The whole materials of surau building is wood, either a column, roof, and wall construction. The roofsurau is made with a tin and its replaced with fibers roof in 1920. The structure of the building done with simple wooden without perfect workmanship according to the size now. It still looks original shape with curved wood-curve. It shows how the work of surau building that time. The Figure 11.0 Surau Koto Nan Ampek, Payakumbuh main column is consists of entirely of wood with octagonal column shape. The building does not use wood nails.

Figure 10.0 Sistem konstruksi pasak

 umpak Figure 12.0 Surau Limo Kaum, Tanah Datar

Poles located above the joints of stone  located entirely elevated above the ground. In some parts in improvements to prevent from Architecture of Surau Syekh Burhanuddin still the damage, but still visible authenticity. have similarities with the surau in the Kota Surau Syekh Burhanuddin building has not Waringin Lama of whichSurau was built been changed, apart from the addition of around the 17th century. Local people know foyer. that it was the prototype of Demak. With this comparison, architecture Surau 6.0 COMPARISON BETWEEN ANOTHER Syekh Burhanuddin also develop in the 17th MOSQUE century. These results were confirmed by the presence of Mihrab without a roof of its own,  as the Surau Demak. Unlike the Mihrab surau / surau in Minangkabau are always other with Surau SyekhSurau Burhanuddin Koto Nan roof is Ampek common in its own roof. Payakumbuhwith several and other Surau surau Limo inKaum Minangkabau,in Tanah they are 9 Diaspora Minang 2014

he returned to the realm of Minang precisely in Ulakan Pariaman.

Syekh Burhanuddin Surau influence in spreading Islam into Minangkabau through Tarekat Syatariah have few things that still kept and maintained by the community, there are: Basafa (ber Syafar) 1. Syekh Visited and Tarekat Syatariah followers at the every Syafar month in the Makam of Syekh Burhanuddin Ulakan, Pariaman. Those Figure 13.0 Kota Waringin Lama Mosque attending the Basafa event is to make a pilgrimage and implementdzikir Tarekatshalat SunatSyatariah Buhara study following completion of specific rituals, such as , (absolute prayer that is associated with the name of Syekh Burhanuddin and reward awarded to him).

2. Pilgrimage and worship on Tuesday before Syafar on Wednesday after the 10th Syafar of each year at Surau Tanjung Medan as the first place of Syekh Burhanuddin Syatariah spread throughout the congregationmenjelang understand guru Figure14 (Surau) in Minangkabau. Pilgrimage to Tanjung . Demak Mosque Medan is also called (visiting teacher to obtain the blessing 7.0 CONCLUSION and benefit of recitation Tarekat Syatariah). 3. Been seeing the relic of Syekh Adat Syarak BurhanuddinSurau form Pondok of long Ketek shirt, cap, Studies on the relationship, adjustments and turban, as well as handwritten Al-Qur’an adatstruggle basandi syarak,and syarakin basandi Minangkabau kitabullahstill stored Surau in Pondok Ketek . For remains attractive until now.surau The strengthening followers of the Tarekat Syatariah, , visiting is the one and the slogan a back religious to the person andin habitual the Minang. tradition that performed when Basafa. people as motivation to develop their concern for their identity as 4. The success of Syekh BurhanuddinTuanku make Islam as identity and social institutions Despite the presence of Syekh Burhanuddin Minang people, such as degree, Ulakan as developers early teachings of Islam in Malin, Imam, Khatib, and Labai as an Minangkabau, some people is still debated. But integral portion in is the invaluable certainly the recognition of other people through donation culture system Minangkabau. So activities and bersyafar pilgrimage to the Tomb of is the inclusion of surau and mosques as a syek is the reality that can not be denied. Syekh condition of lawful establishment of the Burhanuddin believed not only as a student who is village in Minangkabau is concrete assigned by his teacher Syekh Abd. al-Rauf al- evidence of Syekh Burhanuddin struggle Singkil to reinforce the teachings of Islam in to foster unity and Syarak in Minangkabau, more than that he has a mandate Minangkabau. Noting traces his struggle from the Sultan Iskandar Tsani became ruler along and work, then the greatness name of the western coast of the Minangkabau region since Syekh Burhanuddin can be aligned with the Wali Songo in Java. 10 Diaspora Minang 2014

Laporan Akhir Penataan REFERENCES Lingkungan Permukiman Provinsi SumateraCiptaloka, 2010, Barat, Rencana Tindak Sejarah dan Penanganan Lingkungan Permukiman Masyarakat, Lintasan Historis Islam di Tradisional, Abdullah,Indonesia, Taufik, 1987, Kabupaten Padang Pariaman

Jakarta: Pustaka Firdaus, h. , Padang: 111-2 Jaringan Ulama Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum, Timur Tengah dan Kepulauan Nusantara Direktorat Jenderal Cipta Karya, SNVT Azra, Azyumardi,Abad 17 dan 1994, 18 Penataan Bangunan dan Lingkungan Sumbar Pendidikan, Bandung: MizanIslam, Tradisi dan Modernisasi menuju Millenium PT. Inasa Sakha Kirana, 2013, Azra, Azyumardi,Baru 1999, Penyusunan Masterplan Kawasan Makam Syekh Burhanuddin Ulakan, Kabupaten , Jakarta: LogosIslamic Wacana Ilmu Padang Pariaman: Dinas Pekerjaan Umum Revivalism in a Changing Peasant Acknowledgements : Dobbin, Christine,Economic 1983,

, London:Mesjid Pusat Curzon Ibadat Press, h.119 dan Kebudayaan Islam The authors would like to thank student for their Gazalba, Sidi, 1989, help and support to this paper from: , Jakarta: Pustaka al Bung Hatta University Padang, Indonesia , –Husna, h.314-315 Awly Muhammad Isra, Yuanda Sateria Joustra, M., Minangkabau, Overzicht van Oktri Anggraini Land, Geschiedenis en Volk Akdina Harfia Rangga Romi Satria Marsden, William, The History of SumateraSurau dan Pembaharuan Pendidikan Islam di Minangkabau Mulyani, 1999, , Padang: IAIN IB, Dasar Press, Falsafah h.7 Adat Minangkabau, Nasroen.M.Prof., 1957 Jakarta: Penerbit Pasaman, h.21. Syekh Burhanuddin Ulakan dan Islamisasi di Samad, Duski,Minangkabau Drs., H., M.Ag., (Syarak2002, Mandaki Adat Manurun),

Jakarta: The Minangkabau Foundation Masuknya Islam ke Indonesia, Tjandrasasmita, Uka, 1976, dalam Buletin Yaperma, No.1, tahun III, Februari, 1976, h.80.

Hijjas Kasturi Associates SDN, , 2004, Studi Pengembangan Kawasan Makam Syekh Burhanuddin Ulakan, Kabupaten Padang Pariaman

PT. Rekayasa Pratama Grhayasa 11