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"Nir the International Service for National Agricultural Research (ISNAR) Began Operating at Its Headquarters in the Hague, Netherlands on September 1, 1980

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REPORT OF THE PROJECT PREPARA1 ION MISSION Solomon Islands Agricultural Research, Extension, and Support Facilities Project Prepared by International Service for National Agricultural Research "nIr The International Service for National Agricultural Research (ISNAR) began operating at its headquarters in The Hague, Netherlands on September 1, 1980. It was established by the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research on the basis of recommendations from an international (CGIAR) of task force, for the purpose of assisting governments agricultural developing countries to strengthen their international research. It is a non-profit autonomous agency, and in character, and non-political in management, staffing operations. Most of its funds are provided by an informal banks, group of approximately 30 donors: countries, development make up the international organizations and foundations, which CGIAR. ISNAR is the youngest of the 13 centers in the CGIAR on network, and it is the only one which focuses primarily to national agricultural research issues. It provides advice governments, upon request, on organization, planning, manpower development, staff requirements, financial and infrastructure requirements, and related matters, thus ccmplementing the activities of other assistance agencies. Additionally, ISNAR has an active training and communications program which in cooperates with national agricultural resea:ch programs developing countries. ISNAR also plays an active role in assisting these national programs to establish links with both the international agricultural research centers and donors. Citation: International Service for National Agricultural Research. 1982. Solomon Islands: Agricultural Research, Extension, and Support Facilities Project. Preparation mission report. The Hague, Netherlands. REPORT I OF THE PROJECT PREPARATION MISSION Solomon Islands Agricultural Research, Extension, and Support Facilities Project Miaiion Conducted in September-October 1982 'International Service for National Agricultural Research The Hague, Netherlands DECEMBER 1982 TABLE OF CONTENTS Pages Currency Equivalents and Acronyms SUMMARY i I INTRODUCTION 1 II BACKGROUND Introduction 3 Natural Resource Base 3 Population 5 System of Government 5 Land Tenure' 7 Agriculture Sector 7 Subsistence Agriculture 10 Commercial Agriculture 11 Development Policy and Plans 15 Agricultural Research, Extension and Support Services 17 Educational Services 23 Major Constraints in National Development 25 III RATIONALE General Considerations 27 Research 29 Extension and Training 31 Agricultural Information Service 32 Input Supplies, Marketing, and Credit 33 General Synopsis 34 IV THE PROJECT General Features 36 Detailed Features 36 Extension and Training 38 Agricultural Information Services 40 Inputs, Marketing, and Credit 41 Phasing of the Project 41 Project Costs 42 Financial Arrangements 43 V ORGANIZATION AND MANAGE4ENT 45 VI ISSUES 48 TABLE OF CONTENTS (Cont'd) MAPS Map 1 Showing Provincial Boundaries 51 Map 2 Agricultural Opportuaity Areas 52 ANNEXES 1 Terms of Reference 53 2 Copies of Schedules 4 and 5 of the Provincial Government Act, 1981 57 3 Structure of Central Government Showing Responsibilities 67 4 Land Ownership Chart 71 5 Extracts from The Programme of Action 73 6 Research (ncl. Quarantine) Services 79 7 Extension and Training (incl. Educational System) 107 8 The Information Component 145 9 Input Supply, Product Marketing, and Credit 155 10 Cost Tables 171 11 Main Documents Consulted 205 12 Persons Met During Field Mission 209 13 Additional Development Items Identified for Early Funding 213 Currency Equivalents at September 1982 1 S.I. dollar w US$ 0.95 1 U.S. dollar - SI$ 1.05 Acronyms used in the text ADB Asian Development Bank AIU Agricultural Information Unit ATC Adminictrative Training Centre BSAL Brewers Solomon Associates Ltd. CDA Cattle Development Authority CDC Commonwealth Development Corporation CFO Chief Field Officer CRO Chief Research Officer CVO Chief Veterinary and Livestock Officer DBSI Development Bank of the Solomon Islands EDF European Development Fund EEC European Economic Community FTC Farmer Training Centre GDP Gross Development Product HTI Honiara Technical Institute IBRD World Bank, Washington IFAD International Fund for Agricultural Development IHE Institute of Higher Education IITA International Institute for Tropical Agriculture International Rice Research Institute IRRI Research ISNAR International Service for National Agricultural LDC Land Development Cooperatives LSL Levers Solomons Limited LUD Land Use Development Section (Project) MHAND Ministry of Home Affairs and National Development NATI National Agricultural Training Institute Kingdom ODA Overseas Development Administration, United PWD Public Works Department RTMC Rural Marketing and Trading Centres SIPL Solomon Islands Plantations Ltd. USP University of the South Pacific i SOLOMON ISLANDS Agricultural Research, Extension, and Support Facilities Project SUMMARY the Asian Government of the Solomon Islands requested The to prepare a Development Bank to provide technical assistance Extension, and project to'strengthen the Agricultural Research, in bringing this Support Facilities. There were several delays was reached in proposal to the point of decision; agreement proposal was drawn September 1981, and the technical assistance Islands at that time up. The change of government in the Solomon of the terms of resulted in further delay and some revision the changing reference of the preparatory mission to reflect take account of other situation in the Solomon Islands and to project proposals in the agricultural sector. is with the Division of ii Responsibility for agricultural research National Agriculture of the Ministry of Home Affairs and for the central Development. The Division is also responsible the few in Extension Service in which all staff, except governments and work headquarters, are seconded to the provincial The division is under the direction of the provincial executives. (in which the responsible for the land use development program and veterinary cooperatives section is also involved), quarenti.ne, responsibility for and livestock matters. The devolution of brought with it agricultural development to the Provinces has acute in any technical problems of staffing, which are particularly and of their subjects because of the small size of the Provinces staffs. has been shifted in recent iii The emphasis on agricultural development government -- from years -- and particularly under the present from the export of enterprises mainly devoted to raising revenue and plantation crops to production in both the smailholder range of crops to be plantation sectors, with some increase in the grown. was not small in relation iv The total spending on agriculture in 1981 government to the total population; at about 3% of total expenditure, however, it could be considered small in relation to the importance of agriculture to the economy of the country. The the figure given is af direct government funds; it does not include substantial amounts of assistance received from several major donors. v Major considerations taken into account in the design of this project include the: - need to ensure that the project does not merely provide the means to do the various tasks but also motivates staff to apply themselves to the challenges of a devolved administration in agriculture and many logistical obstacles to effective working; - importance of having a research service of effective size and composition working within a program which has a wide measure of support from policy makers, research and extension workers, and farmers and is oriented to the smallholder sector and to systems of production as well as to individual crops; - major shortage of candidates for higher educational opportunities, which aggravates an already inadequate level of training of staff in post in relation to the changes in program emphasis and in the administrative system within which they have to work; - national objective of localization of posts as soon as adequately trained staff can be recruited; in the research service this is inevitably a long term objective, but more readily attainable in some other parts of the division provided regular in-service training can be given; - problems associated with the devolution of authority to units of small size and resources; - importance of effective information management to make full use of information from outside the country, to ensure free and rapid movement of information in appropriate forms to different groups within the agricultural services, and to promote development by transfer to farmers to increase production and to policy makers to sustain support for the services as a wholel - critical importance of outlet channels, i.e., secure markets at reasonable prices to the producer, in developing demands from and support for agricultural services in general; - narrow revenue base of the country, hence its limited capacity to pay for the services it needs; substantial willingness on the part of several agencies to in help in providing funds for some of the activities included this project proposal. effectiveness of the vi The proposed project would aim to increase the staff to research service by a small increase in professional by the increase the range of subjects which could be covered, (quarantine, removal of responsibility for non-research activities from the research plant propagation, farm and station management) to ensure staff,
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