Naval War College Review Volume 67 Number 2 Spring Article 1 2014 Spring 2014 Full Issue The U.S. Naval War College Follow this and additional works at: https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review Recommended Citation Naval War College, The U.S. (2014) "Spring 2014 Full Issue," Naval War College Review: Vol. 67 : No. 2 , Article 1. Available at: https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review/vol67/iss2/1 This Full Issue is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Naval War College Review by an authorized editor of U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Naval War College: Spring 2014 Full Issue Spring 2014 Volume 67, Number 2 Spring 2014 Published by U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons, 2014 1 6506_Cover.indd Cyan Magenta Yellow Black Naval War College Review, Vol. 67 [2014], No. 2, Art. 1 NAVAL WAR COLLEGE REVIEW Spring 2014 Volume 67, Number 2 NAVAL WAR COLLEGE PRESS 686 Cushing Road Newport, RI 02841-1207 https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review/vol67/iss2/1 2 Naval War College: Spring 2014 Full Issue NAVAL WAR COLLEGE PRESS ADVISORY BOARD PRESIDENT, NAVAL WAR COLLEGE Adam Bellow Rear Adm. Walter E. Carter, Jr., USN Jeffrey Kline PROVOST Gale A. Mattox Amb. Mary Ann Peters Robert A. Silano Marin Strmecki DEAN OF NAVAL WARFARE STUDIES Dov S. Zakheim Robert C. Rubel NAVAL WAR COLLEGE PRESS NAVAL WAR COLLEGE REVIEW EDITORIAL BOARD Carnes Lord, Editor Donald Chisholm Pelham G. Boyer, Managing Editor Audrey Kurth Cronin Phyllis P. Winkler, Book Review Editor Peter Dombrowski Lori A. Almeida, Secretary and Circulation Manager Stephen Downes-Martin Frank Uhlig, Jr., Editor Emeritus Col. Theodore L. Gatchel, USMC (Ret.) James R. Holmes Naval War College Review William C. Martel Code 32, Naval War College Col. Mackubin Owens, USMC (Ret.) 686 Cushing Rd., Newport, RI 02841-1207 Cdr. Derek S. Reveron, USN Fax: 401.841.1071 Michael Schmitt DSN exchange, all lines: 841 Capt. Peter M. Swartz, USN (Ret.) Website: www.usnwc.edu/press Capt. David Teska, USCGR http://twitter.com/NavalWarCollege Scott C. Truver Editor, Circulation, or Business James J. Wirtz 401.841.2236 [email protected] Managing Editor 401.841.4552 [email protected] Newport Papers, Books [email protected] Essays and Book Reviews 401.841.6584 [email protected] Other Naval War College Offices 401.841.3089 Published by U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons, 2014 3 Naval War College Review, Vol. 67 [2014], No. 2, Art. 1 The Naval War College Review was established in 1948 as a forum for discussion of public policy matters of interest to the maritime services. The thoughts and opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and are not necessarily those of the U.S. government, the U.S. Navy Department, or the Naval War College. The journal is published quarterly. 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ISSN 0028-1484 https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review/vol67/iss2/1 4 Naval War College: Spring 2014 Full Issue Published by U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons, 2014 5 Naval War College Review, Vol. 67 [2014], No. 2, Art. 1 CONTENTS From the Editors � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 3 President’s Forum � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 7 Creating the 1980s Maritime Strategy and Implications for Today � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 11 John T. Hanley, Jr. The approaches that allowed the Chief of Naval Operations’ Strategic Studies Group to contribute so vitally to the U�S� Navy’s 1986 maritime strategy might be effective as well in confronting the challenges that the Navy faces today� Asia Rising Strategic Features of the South China Sea A Tough Neighborhood for Hegemons � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 30 James R. Holmes Alfred Thayer Mahan’s analysis of the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea offers present-day students and practitioners of maritime strategy a framework to think through the challenges of the South China Sea� The Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force in the Age of Multilateral Cooperation Nontraditional Security � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 52 Captain Takuya Shimodaira, Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force The Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force should take the initiative in promoting the concept of the Noncombat Military Operation (NCMO), especially humanitarian assistance and disaster relief, in the Asia-Pacific region� It should begin by forming a new mind-set—“Yes, it is possible�” Cyber War, Cybered Conflict, and the Maritime Domain � � � � � � � � � � � � 71 Peter Dombrowski and Chris C. Demchak Those who dismiss cyber war as mere hype or as driven by potential profits dismiss much too quickly growing evidence of the importance of cyber operations—to which the Navy may be uniquely qualified to adapt� https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review/vol67/iss2/1 6 2 NAVAL WAR COLLEGE REVIEWNaval War College: Spring 2014 Full Issue Promising Privateers? Understanding the Constraints of Contemporary Private Security at Sea � � � � � � � � 97 Christopher Spearin A clear understanding of the current nature and activities of private military and security com- panies at sea is important to assess accurately their future implications� Are they modern-day privateers? Innovation for Its Own Sake The Type XXI U-boat � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 117 Marcus O. Jones The World War II German navy’s Type XXI submarine is sometimes derided as a wishful “wonder weapon�” But in context of a decision to impose ruthless and innovative technocratic priorities, it appears more rational� It may also serve as a cautionary example of the extent to which social explanations of technological adaptation must include appreciation of constraints on military effectiveness� Book Reviews Conflict Analysis: Understanding Causes, Unlocking Solutions, by Matthew Levinger reviewed by Lawrence Modisett � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 131 Strategic Thinking in 3D: A Guide for National Security, Foreign Policy, and Business Professionals, by Ross Harrison reviewed by Alexander B� Gray � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 132 War from the Ground Up: Twenty-First-Century Combat as Politics, by Emile Simpson reviewed by Jeffrey Shaw� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 133 Chinese Anti-Ship Ballistic Missile (ASBM) Development: Drivers, Trajectories, and Strategic Implications, by Andrew S. Erickson reviewed by Bernard D� Cole � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 134 Maritime Border Diplomacy, edited by Myron H. Nordquist and John Norton Moore reviewed by Richard Norton � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 135 Maritime Piracy and the Construction of Global Governance, edited by Michael J. Struett, Jon D. Carlson, and Mark T. Nance reviewed by Martin Murphy� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 136 Lawrence in Arabia: War, Deceit, Imperial Folly, and the Making of the Modern Middle East, by Scott Anderson reviewed by Thomas E� Seal � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 137 The Capture of Louisbourg, 1758, by Hugh Boscawen reviewed by John B� Hattendorf� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 139 Reflections on Reading � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 141 Published by U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons, 2014 7 Naval War College